CPESC Exam Review Study Guide - EnviroCert International, Inc.

 CPESC, Inc., 2010 All rights reserved.
Trademarks
CPESC is a registered trademark of CPESC, Inc.
The CPESC logo is a registered trademark of CPESC, Inc.
Certified Professional in Erosion and Sediment Control is a trademark of CPESC, Inc.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This Exam Review Study Guide was prepared by the CPESC Council. For more information please
contact:
EnviroCert International, Inc.
49 State Street
Marion, NC 28752-4020
Voice: (828) 655-1600
Fax: (828) 655-1622
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.envirocertintl.org
The CPESC Council gratefully acknowledges the contributions of the following for their support in
developing and maintaining this study guide:
David Franklin, CPESC, CESSWI, Technical Vice Chair
Ted Sherrod, P.E., CPESC, CPSWQ (Past Chair)
Don Lake, P.E., CPESC, CPSWQ, Chair
J. Eric Scherer, CPESC, CPSWQ (Past Chair)
Carol L. Forrest, P.E., CPESC, CPSWQ (Past Chair)
Eric Berntsen, CPESC, CPSWQ
Jennifer Hildebrand, CPESC, CPSWQ, CESSWI
Pierre Bordenave, CPESC
Tony King, CPESC
Michael Chase, CPESC, CPSWQ, CESSWI
Mike Harding, CPESC
CODE OF CONDUCT AND ETHICS
Certified Professional in Erosion and Sediment Control™
ARTICLE I. GENERAL PRINCIPLES
1. The privilege of practice imposes obligations of
morality and responsibility as well as professional
knowledge.
2. Each Certified Professional in Erosion and Sediment
Control and Certified Professional in Storm Water
Quality (hereafter called Registrant) agrees to be
guided by the highest standards of ethics, personal
honor, and professional conduct.
ARTICLE II. RELATION OF REGISTRANT TO THE PUBLIC
1. A Registrant shall avoid and discourage sensational,
exaggerated, and/or unwarranted statements that
might induce participation in unsound enterprises.
2. A Registrant shall not knowingly permit the
publication of his or her reports or other documents
for any unsound or illegitimate undertaking.
3. A Registrant shall not give professional opinion or
make a recommendation without being as
thoroughly informed as might reasonably be
expected considering the purpose for which the
opinion or recommendation is desired, and the
degree of completeness of information upon which
it is based should be made clear.
4. A Registrant may publish dignified business,
professional, or announcement cards, but shall not
advertise his or her work or accomplishments in a
self-laudatory, exaggerated, or unduly conspicuous
manner.
3. A Registrant shall not issue a false statement or false
information even though directed to do so by
employer or client.
ARTICLE III. RELATION OF PROFESSIONAL TO EMPLOYER AND
CLIENT
1. A Registrant shall protect, to the fullest extent
possible, the interest of their employer or client
insofar as such interest is consistent with the law
and his or her professional obligations and ethics.
2. A Registrant who finds that his or her obligations to
their employer or client conflict with his or her
professional obligation or ethics should have such
objectionable conditions corrected or resign.
3. A Registrant shall not use, directly or indirectly, any
employer’s or client’s information in any way that
would violate the confidence of the employer or
client.
4. A Registrant retained by one client shall not accept,
© CPESC, Inc. 2010
without client’s written consent, an engagement by
another if the interests of the two are in any
manner conflicting.
5. A Registrant who has made an investigation for any
employer or client shall not seek to profit
economically from the information gained, unless
written permission to do so is granted, or until it is
clear that there can no longer be a conflict of
interest with the original employer or client.
6. A Registrant shall not divulge information given in
confidence.
7. A Registrant shall engage, or advise his employer or
client to engage, and cooperate with other experts
and specialists whenever the employer’s or client’s
interests would be best served by such service.
4. A Registrant shall not accept a concealed fee for
referring a client or employer to a specialist or for
recommending professional service other than one’s
own.
ARTICLE IV. RELATION OF REGISTRANT TO EACH OTHER
1. A Registrant shall not falsely or maliciously attempt
to injure the reputation of another.
2. A Registrant shall freely give credit for work done by
others to whom the credit is due, shall refrain from
plagiarism in oral and written communications, and
not knowingly accept credit rightfully due another
person.
3. A Registrant shall endeavor to cooperate with
others in the profession and encourage the ethical
dissemination of technical knowledge.
5. A Registrant having knowledge of unethical
practices of another Registrant shall avoid
association with that Registrant in professional
work.
ARTICLE V. DUTY TO THE PROFESSION
1. A Registrant shall aid in exclusion from certification
those who lack moral character, who have not
followed this Code of Ethics, or who do not have the
required education and experience.
2. A Registrant shall uphold this Code of Ethics by
precept and example and encourage, by counsel
and advice, other Registrants to do the same.
3. A Registrant having positive knowledge of deviation
from this Code by another Registrant shall bring
such deviation to the attention of the CPESC, Inc.
Executive Director.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1
Introduction..................................................................................................................... 1-1
2
Rules and Regulations .................................................................................................. 2-1
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
3
Federal Regulations ...................................................................................... 2-1
2.1.1 Overview of the Clean Water Act.................................................... 2-1
2.1.2 Effluent Limitations Guidelines ..................................................... 2-11
State Regulations........................................................................................ 2-12
2.2.1 Types of Storm Water Permits ...................................................... 2-12
2.2.2 Types of Permitting Authority ....................................................... 2-13
2.2.3 Permit Application Methods ......................................................... 2-14
2.2.4 Notice of Intent ............................................................................. 2-14
2.2.5 State-Specific Requirements ......................................................... 2-14
Permit Application Requirements for Construction Activity ...................... 2-14
2.3.1 Who Should Obtain the Permit? ................................................... 2-15
2.3.2 NOI for Construction Activity ........................................................ 2-15
2.3.3 Deadlines ....................................................................................... 2-15
2.3.4 Additional Notification .................................................................. 2-16
2.3.5 Compliance with Other State Plans............................................... 2-16
2.3.6 Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan Requirements ................ 2-16
2.3.7 Enforcement and Penalties ........................................................... 2-22
2.3.8 Citizen Suits ................................................................................... 2-24
2.3.9 State Enforcement Actions............................................................ 2-25
2.3.10 State NPDES Enforcement Actions ................................................ 2-25
Permit Application Requirements for Municipalities ................................. 2-25
Local Regulations ........................................................................................ 2-26
Section Two Slide Presentation .................................................................. 2-28
Site Planning and Management ................................................................................ 3-1
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
CPESC Exam Review
Resource Planning ........................................................................................ 3-1
Erosion and Sediment Hazards Associated with Urban
Developments .............................................................................................. 3-1
Factors That Influence Erosion ..................................................................... 3-2
Land Development Plans .............................................................................. 3-3
3.4.1 Geography of the Area To Be Developed ........................................ 3-3
3.4.2 Study of Soils in the Area to Be Developed ..................................... 3-3
Erosion and Sediment Control Plan.............................................................. 3-4
The Planning Process .................................................................................... 3-4
3.6.1 Plan the Development to Fit the Site .............................................. 3-4
3.6.2 Determine Limits of Clearing and Grading ...................................... 3-4
3.6.3 Divide the Site into Natural Drainage Areas ................................... 3-4
3.6.4 Design Erosion and Sediment Control Practices ............................. 3-4
Implementation of Erosion and Sediment Control ...................................... 3-6
Planning Assistance ...................................................................................... 3-6
© CPESC, Inc. 2010
i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
3.9
3.10
4
Predicting Soil Loss ....................................................................................................... 4-1
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
5
Considerations in Construction Sequences Scheduling ............................... 3-7
Section Three Slide Presentation ................................................................. 3-9
Erosion Prediction Technology .................................................................... 4-1
Revised Universal Soil-Loss Equation (RUSLE) ............................................. 4-5
4.2.1 Rainfall-Runoff Erosivity Factor (R) ................................................. 4-8
4.2.2 Soil Erodibility Factor (K)............................................................... 4-13
4.2.3 Slope Length Factor (L) ................................................................. 4-20
4.2.4 Slope Steepness Factor (S) ............................................................ 4-23
4.2.5 Topographic Factor (LS) ................................................................ 4-25
4.2.6 Guides for Choosing Slope Lengths .............................................. 4-27
4.2.7 Cover-Management Factor (C) ..................................................... 4-29
4.2.8 Support Practice Factor (P) ........................................................... 4-31
4.2.9 RUSLE 2 ......................................................................................... 4-31
Modified Universal Soil-Loss Equation (MUSLE) ........................................ 4-32
Procedure For Estimating Gross Erosion ................................................... 4-32
4.4.1 Sheet and Rill Erosion ................................................................... 4-33
4.4.2 Other Erosion ................................................................................ 4-33
4.4.3 Total Erosion ................................................................................. 4-35
4.4.4 Wind Erosion................................................................................. 4-36
Review Problems ....................................................................................... 4-38
Section Four Slide Presentation ................................................................. 4-40
Runoff Management ...................................................................................................... 5-1
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
CPESC Exam Review
Planning Considerations for Runoff Management ...................................... 5-1
Hydrologic Cycle........................................................................................... 5-1
The Hydrograph ........................................................................................... 5-3
5.3.1 Runoff Volume ................................................................................ 5-3
5.3.2 Peak Discharge ................................................................................ 5-3
Factors Affecting Runoff .............................................................................. 5-4
Precipitation................................................................................................. 5-4
Time Parameters .......................................................................................... 5-4
5.6.1 Time of Concentration .................................................................... 5-4
5.6.2 Travel Time ................................................................................... 5-10
5.6.3 Sheet Flow .................................................................................... 5-10
5.6.4 Shallow Concentrated Flow .......................................................... 5-10
5.6.5 Channel Flow ................................................................................ 5-10
5.6.6 Initial Abstraction.......................................................................... 5-10
Soil Permeability ........................................................................................ 5-11
5.7.1 Hydrologic Soil Group A ................................................................ 5-13
5.7.2 Hydrologic Soil Group B ................................................................ 5-13
5.7.3 Hydrologic Soil Group C ................................................................ 5-13
5.7.4 Hydrologic Soil Group D ................................................................ 5-13
5.7.5 Disturbed Soil Profiles ................................................................... 5-13
© CPESC, Inc. 2010
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
5.8
5.9
5.10
5.11
6
Soil Stabilization ............................................................................................................ 6-1
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
7
Soil Stabilization (Erosion Control) ............................................................... 6-1
Vegetative Measures.................................................................................... 6-1
6.2.1 Trees and Shrubs ............................................................................. 6-2
6.2.2 Mulching .......................................................................................... 6-2
6.2.3 Fertilizers ......................................................................................... 6-2
Biotechnical Protection Measures ............................................................... 6-4
6.3.1 Principles of Biotechnical Slope Protection .................................... 6-7
6.3.2 Structural Measures ........................................................................ 6-7
6.3.3 Planning Considerations .................................................................. 6-8
6.3.4 Plant Materials ................................................................................ 6-8
Soil Tackifiers or Stabilizers .......................................................................... 6-8
Fertilizer Calculation Example ...................................................................... 6-8
Calculating Pure Live Seed............................................................................ 6-9
Review Problems .......................................................................................... 6-9
Section Six Slide Presentation .................................................................... 6-11
Sediment Control ........................................................................................................... 7-1
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
A
5.7.6 Drainage and Group D Soils........................................................... 5-13
Runoff Equation ......................................................................................... 5-14
Runoff Management Measures ................................................................. 5-14
Review Problems ........................................................................................ 5-22
Section Five Slide Presentation .................................................................. 5-23
Introduction.................................................................................................. 7-1
Sediment Control Management Practices ................................................... 7-1
Capture Devices............................................................................................ 7-1
Active Treatment Systems............................................................................ 7-2
7.4.1 Purpose ........................................................................................... 7-2
7.4.2 ATS Treatment Overview ................................................................ 7-2
7.4.3 Storm Water Regulations ................................................................ 7-3
Review Problem ........................................................................................... 7-3
Section Seven Slide Presentation ................................................................. 7-6
Glossary of Terms .......................................................................................................... A-1
Introduction...............................................................................................................A-1
Acronyms ...................................................................................................................A-1
Definitions .................................................................................................................A-2
B
CPESC Study Guide References.................................................................................. B-1
C
Plan Review Checklist .................................................................................................. C-1
D
Unit Conversion Table.................................................................................................. D-1
CPESC Exam Review
© CPESC, Inc. 2010
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
E
Pre-Exam Questions ...................................................................................................... E-1
F
Course Evaluation .......................................................................................................... F-1
Tables
Table 4-1. Soil Erodibility Factors (K) and Textures of the A, B, and C Soil Layers ............................ 4-14
Table 4-2. LS Factors for Construction Sites ..................................................................................... 4-22
Table 4-3. Cover Management Factors (C) - Construction Sites ....................................................... 4-30
Table 4-4. Practice Factor (P) - Surface Condition for Construction Sites ........................................ 4-31
Table 4-5. Estimated Weight of Soils1 ............................................................................................... 4-34
Table 4-6. Adjustment Factor (M) for Estimating Monthly and Portions of Annual Soil Loss .......... 4-35
Table 5-1. Hydrologic Soil Groups For U.S. Soils ............................................................................... 5-12
Table 5-2. Runoff Curve Numbers for Urban Areas .......................................................................... 5-15
Table 5-3. Runoff Curve Numbers for Cultivated Agricultural Lands................................................ 5-16
Table 5-4. Runoff Curve Numbers for Other Agricultural Lands ....................................................... 5-17
Table 5-5. Runoff Curve Numbers for Arid and Semiarid Rangelands .............................................. 5-18
Table 6-1. Guide to Mulch Materials, Rates, and Uses ....................................................................... 6-5
Figures
Figure 4-1. Isoerodent Map Of Eastern US (R-Factors)....................................................................... 4-9
Figure 4-2. Isoerodent Map Of Western US (R-Factors) ................................................................... 4-10
Figure 4-3. Isoerodent Map Of California (R-Factors) ...................................................................... 4-11
Figure 4-4. Isoerodent Map of Oregon and Washington (R-Factors) ............................................... 4-12
Figure 4-5. Soil Erodibility Nomograph ............................................................................................. 4-19
Figure 4-6. RUSLE Schematic Slope Profile ....................................................................................... 4-21
Figure 4-7. Illustration Of Deposition Beginning And Ending On A Slope......................................... 4-28
Figure 4-8. Percent of Annual Erosion Index for New York State ..................................................... 4-39
Figure 5-1. Hydrologic Cycle................................................................................................................ 5-2
Figure 5-2. Hydrograph ....................................................................................................................... 5-3
Figure 5-3. Isohyetal Map ................................................................................................................... 5-5
Figure 5-4. Approximate Geographic Boundaries for NRCS Rainfall Distributions ............................. 5-6
Figure 5-5. NRCS 24-Hour Rainfall Distributions ................................................................................. 5-7
Figure 5-6. Hydrograph for a Narrow Watershed ............................................................................... 5-8
Figure 5-7. Hydrograph for a Wide Watershed .................................................................................. 5-9
Figure 5-8. Solution of Runoff Equation ........................................................................................... 5-19
Figure 5-9. Planning Flow Chart - Runoff Management ................................................................... 5-21
Figure 6-1. Planning Flow Chart - Soil Stabilization ............................................................................ 6-3
Figure 6-2. How to Read Fertilizer Labels ........................................................................................... 6-6
Figure 7-1. Planning Flow Chart - Sediment Control........................................................................... 7-4
Figure 7-2. Perry Veterinary Clinic Site Grading Plan.......................................................................... 7-5
CPESC Exam Review
© CPESC, Inc. 2010
iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Worksheets
Worksheet 5-1. Runoff Curve Number and Runoff Worksheet ........................................................ 5-20
Equations
Equation 4-1. Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) .............................................................. 4-6
Equation 4-2. Slope Length Factor (L) ............................................................................................... 4-20
Equation 4-3. Slope-Length Exponent ............................................................................................... 4-23
Equation 4-4. Values for the Ratio β of Rill to Inter-rill Erosion ........................................................ 4-23
Equation 4-5. Slope Steepness Factor (S) for Slope Steepness < 9% ................................................ 4-24
Equation 4-6. Slope Steepness Factor (S) for Slope Steepness ≥ 9% ................................................ 4-24
Equation 4-7. Slope Steepness Factor (S) for Slopes Shorter Than 15 Feet ...................................... 4-24
Equation 4-8. S Factor for Slope Steepness < 9% and Weakened Soils ............................................ 4-25
Equation 4-9. S Factor for Slope Steepness ≥ 9% and Weakened Soils ............................................ 4-25
Equation 4-10. Sediment Yield from "ith" Segment from Top of Slope ............................................ 4-26
Equation 4-11. Soil Loss per Unit Area (Ai) for the "ith" Segment .................................................... 4-27
Equation 4-12. Modified Universal Soil-Loss Equation (MUSLE) ....................................................... 4-32
Equation 4-13. Wind Erosion ............................................................................................................. 4-37
Equation 4-14. Emission Factor for Estimating Wind Erosion ........................................................... 4-37
Equation 5-1. Peak Discharge for a Rainfall Event ............................................................................ 5-11
CPESC Exam Review
© CPESC, Inc. 2010
v