Cortland Historic Resources Survey

Transcription

RECONNAISSANCE-LEVEL SURVEY
OF HISTORIC RESOURCES
CITY OF CORTLAND
Cortland County, New York
Prepared for the Cortland Downtown Partnership by:
Bero Architecture PLLC
32 Winthrop Street
Rochester, New York 14607
August 2014
This project is funded by Preserve New York, a grant program of the Preservation League of
New York State and the New York State Council on the Arts.
Additional support provided by the Cortland County Planning Office
and the City of Cortland Historic/Architectural Advisory Board.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY ..................................................................1
Report Organization .................................................................................................2
Guidelines and Selection Criteria ............................................................................3
II. HISTORIC OVERVIEW ................................................................................................5
III. EXISTING CONDITIONS AND ARCHITECTURAL OVERVIEW .......................17
Religious Buildings ................................................................................................19
Commercial Buildings ...........................................................................................21
Civic Buildings ......................................................................................................23
Educational Buildings ............................................................................................25
Industrial Buildings ................................................................................................27
Transportation Resources.......................................................................................29
Cemeteries..............................................................................................................31
Residential Architecture.........................................................................................33
IV. RECOMMENDATIONS .............................................................................................51
V. ANNOTATED BUILDING LIST: DISTRICTS ..........................................................59
Broadway Avenue Historic District .......................................................................61
Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Resources Historic District ..........65
Greater Cortland Company Historic District .........................................................67
Madison-Jewett-Grace Historic District ................................................................75
North Church Street Historic District ....................................................................79
North Main / East Main Historic District ..............................................................83
Otter Creek Place Historic District ........................................................................87
West Court Street Historic District ........................................................................89
Possible Expansion of Tompkins Street/Main Street Historic District ..................97
VI. ANNOTATED BUILDING LIST: INDIVIDUAL PROPERTIES ..........................101
VII. BIBLIOGRAPHY ....................................................................................................125
APPENDIX A. MAP OF HISTORIC RESOURCES
APPENDIX B. RESUMES OF CHIEF PERSONNEL
City of Cortland Historic Resources Survey
I. INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY
The Cortland Downtown Partnership sponsored this reconnaissance-level survey to expand upon
and update previous survey efforts, in order to identify and evaluate the historic resources
located within the city. The survey was conducted by Katie Eggers Comeau of Bero
Architecture PLLC following New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic
Preservation (OPHRP, also known as SHPO, for the State Historic Preservation Office)
standards.
At the outset of the project, Cortland Downtown Partnership indicated a particular interest in
identifying areas that meet the National Register of Historic Places criteria for designation as
historic districts. Cortland has one existing district, the Tompkins Street/Main Street Historic
District. Owners of properties that contribute to National Register-listed districts are eligible to
take advantage of federal tax credits for commercial rehabilitation projects; in addition, state tax
credits exist for commercial and residential rehabilitation of National Register-listed properties
in certain qualified census tracts. All of Cortland County, including the entire city of Cortland,
qualifies for the state tax credits. Grant programs are also available to municipal and non-profit
owners of historic properties; some require National Register listing. For more information on
credits and grants, see Recommendations, Section IV. While identifying districts was the
primary goal, individual properties that appear to qualify for the National Register were also
identified as part of the survey.
The present survey area (See Appendix A, Historic Resources Map) encompasses the entire
incorporated City of Cortland, and addresses readily observed buildings, structures, sites and
objects constructed prior to 1965. The survey was limited to above-ground historic resources.
Prehistoric and historic archaeological sites were outside the scope of this study. The SUNY
Cortland campus was also excluded from the survey. Previously designated buildings and
districts are included on the Historic Resources Map but were not re-evaluated and are not
included in this report.
Field work consisted of multiple visits to the city in November 2013 and April 2014, with
overview investigations conducted from the car and more detailed analysis on foot. Overview
history research included review of primary and secondary sources supplied by the Cortland
Downtown Partnership, at the Cortland Historical Society, and available through online
repositories such as Fulton History, as well as interviews with City of Cortland Historian Mary
Ann Kane and Preservation Commission chair Linda Kline.
13240.Cortland Historic Resources Survey.22714.doc
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Report Organization
The survey report includes the following sections:
The historic overview synthesizes information from many sources (primary and
secondary sources, local historians, historic maps, photographs, etc.) and provides a
narrative of the city’s development. Various historical themes and contexts are explored
including settlement, transportation, industry, recreation, religion, education, commerce,
and government.
The existing conditions overview is a narrative assessment of the city as it appears
today. It is organized by building type. Building types, periods of construction, building
materials, architectural styles, character of the setting, and integrity are summarized.
The recommendations section addresses ways to build on the reconnaissance-level
survey to further document and protect historic resources. Topics include intensive-level
survey, local designation, National Register listing, and public education.
The annotated building list is presented in two sections:
1. Districts (Section V). Each potential district is identified with an overview
description, map, representative streetscape photographs, and list of contributing
and noncontributing properties.
2. Individual Properties (Section VI). An Annotated Building List provides a
photograph and descriptive information for properties outside the potential
historic districts that appear to meet the criteria for individual listing in the State
and National Register of Historic Places.
All properties identified in the Annotated Building List, and all properties previously listed in the
National Register, are shown on the Historic Resources Map, prepared by the Cortland County
Planning Office.
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Guidelines and Selection Criteria
National Register Criteria for Evaluation were used to determine which properties to include in
Sections V and VI, Annotated Building List. National Register criteria state that in order for a
property to be eligible for National Register listing it must possess integrity of location, design,
setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, or association and:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Be associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad
patterns of our history; or
Be associated with the lives of persons significant in our past; or
Embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of
construction, or represent the work of a master, or possess high artistic values, or
represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack
individual distinction; or
Have yielded, or be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history.
According to the National Park Service, historic integrity is “the authenticity of a property’s
historic identity, evidenced by the survival of physical characteristics that existed during the
property’s prehistoric or historic period.” In other words, properties that retain their historic
appearance and materials have high integrity; properties that have been changed extensively have
lost integrity and may no longer qualify for the National Register. Common alterations that
reduce integrity include replacement or obscuring of original siding and/or trim, changes to or
removal of porches, window replacement, and prominent additions.
In cases where the resource type is extremely rare, or where significance is based on association
with historic events and/or people, a building may remain eligible for the National Register even
if its integrity is diminished. In cases where there are large numbers of intact examples of a
particular resource type, or where a property is significant primarily for its architecture, higher
standards of integrity are required.
Few buildings in the city retain complete period integrity. Houses in many cases have been
altered by the installation of substitute siding and/or modern replacement windows. Some
residences have been modified to the extent that their original date and style can no longer be
determined from their exterior appearance. The city’s commercial and religious buildings have
also experienced modifications but in most cases their age and architectural style are still readily
apparent.
Sections V and VI contain an inventory of individual districts and historic districts that appear to
meet the above criteria for National Register listing. A few properties were included that may
not meet National Register criteria but may warrant local landmark designation. Official
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determinations of eligibility are made by staff of the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation
and Historic Preservation, Division for Historic Preservation.
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II. HISTORIC OVERVIEW
This section provides a brief overview of the historical development of the city of Cortland, as a
framework for understanding the city’s historic architecture. Because the city’s commercial
downtown along Main Street falls within the Tompkins Street/Main Street Historic District,
which is already listed in the National Register, this overview focuses on the rest of the city,
which is primarily residential and industrial, and does not delve into the development of the
downtown commercial district.
Location and General Characteristics
The city of Cortland is located in central New York, near the center of the town of Cortlandville,
about 30 miles due south of the city of Syracuse and 120 miles due west of Albany. Situated on
a level area at the convergence of seven valleys, Cortland’s setting was described by historian
H.P. Smith in 1885 as “a scene of great beauty when viewed from any adjacent eminence, and a
site worthy of a great city.”1 The city is roughly square in shape, encompassing 3.9 square miles.
The Tioughnioga River is located in the northeast quadrant of the city, running generally
southward, with several tributaries crossing the city; Route 81 runs roughly parallel to the river
to the east. The 2010 census recorded 19,204 residents.
Native American Presence
The area that is now Cortland County was a hunting and camping ground for the Onondaga
people prior to European settlement, but no permanent villages were established there. The
Tioughnioga served as a transportation route. A number of temporary gathering places and
camps have been identified in the area. By the time European-American settlement began in
earnest, after the Revolutionary War, “virtually all Native American Indians had been removed
2
from Central New York’s Cortland County.”
Early European Settlement, 1798-1854
European settlement of Cortland and the surrounding area began after the Revolutionary War,
when 1.68 million acres in central New York were set aside as the “Military Tract,” to be given
to veterans as compensation for their service. Few veterans took up the offer. The first settler in
what is now the city of Cortland was Jonathan Hubbard; the settlement was first known as
Hubbard’s Corners.
1
H.P. Smith, ed., History of Cortland County (Syracuse: D. Mason & Co., Publishers), pp. 236-237.
Ellis E. McDowell-Loudan, “Indians of Cortland County, New York,” in Louis M. Vanaria, ed., From Many
Roots: Immigrants and Ethnic Groups in the History of Cortland County, New York (Cortland County Historical
Society, Cortland County Chronicles, Vol. 4, 1986), pp. 101-111.
2
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Isolated from the state’s most-traveled transportation routes, the region’s early nineteenthcentury economy was largely self-sufficient, made up of farmers and a few merchants whose
products served farmers’ needs. Cortland County was divided from Onondaga County in 1808,
because residents of what is now Cortland and the surrounding area found travel to and from
Syracuse to conduct legal business to be a burden, especially given the lack of reliable roads.
Although the neighboring settlement of Homer was older and larger, Hubbard’s Corners (now
Cortland) was chosen as the county seat. The County Courthouse was built in 1810 near the
present site of the university and attracted development of the surrounding area; the building
does not survive.
With its political and legal future assured by its selection as county seat, Cortland soon became
the commercial, social, and religious center of the region. Small-scale industries such as mills,
wool carding, and a nail factory were developed to serve the needs of the largely agrarian
population. The markets for these products remained local, because throughout the first half of
the nineteenth century, the region still lacked access to reliable, year-round transportation routes.
The Tioughnioga River was used for a short time for river commerce, with the head of
navigation at Port Watson (for which Port Watson Street is named); this was useful only
seasonally, as the arks could only operate at high water, and its use was short-lived, tapering out
by 1840 due to diminishment of the water flow. Cortland was not along the route of the Erie
Canal, and thus did not directly benefit from the opening of this waterway in the 1820s. The area
finally gained a reliable transportation connection to the wider world in 1849-50, when a plank
road was established from Cortland to Syracuse.
The town of Cortlandville was split from Homer in 1829, and in 1853, Cortland was
incorporated as a village.
Early commercial development was concentrated on Main Street, particularly the two blocks
between what is now the intersection with Groton Avenue and Clinton Avenue, on the north, and
Tompkins Street/Port Watson Street, on the south. Residential areas were located around this
commercial core, particularly to the east and north. The National Register-listed Tompkins
Street/Main Street Historic District encompasses the early commercial core as well as the
immediate outlying streets and includes some of Cortland’s most notable examples of early
nineteenth-century architecture. Also dating to this period is Cortland’s oldest surviving church,
the Unitarian Universalist Church, which is individually listed in the National Register. A
number of houses survive from this period outside the historic district; largely intact examples
can be seen at 53 North Main Street, 90 North Main Street, and 192 Groton Avenue. These
are typical of the Greek Revival style of architecture, the most popular style in central and
western New York in the second quarter of the nineteenth century.
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Education was an important theme in Cortland even at this early date, with the Classical School
for Young Men, Cortland Village Female Seminary, and Cortlandville Academy all established
during this period to educate the sons and daughters of Cortland’s pioneer families. No buildings
associated with these early institutions survive.
Railroad and Early Industry, 1854-1900
The inauguration of railroad service in Cortland signaled the start of a dramatic change from a
relatively isolated community to one fully linked to the national economy. The first line
established in Cortland was the Syracuse, Binghamton & New York Railroad, which began
running in 1854 and became part of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western in 1869. The second
was the Ithaca and Cortland, which began service in 1871 and, after reorganization first as the
Utica, Ithaca and Elmira, then the Elmira, Cortland & Northern, was purchased by the Lehigh
Valley Railroad in 1896. The oldest surviving building associated with Cortland’s railroad
history is the former Lehigh Valley Roundhouse at 84 Owego Street, which may be original to
the line (1871), although it has been altered. Three former stations from a later period also
survive: the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western depot on Central Avenue, circa 1900, and
the Lehigh Valley passenger and freight stations on South Avenue, both circa 1911.
Figure 1. Historic image of the Lehigh Valley Railroad passenger depot (1911).
Spurred by the railroad, Cortland’s industrial boom began after the Civil War, and was
particularly concentrated in two industries: wagon making and wire products. The two biggest
companies in the late nineteenth century were the Cortland Wagon Company, founded in 1869,
and Wickwire Brothers, which produced wire, wire cloth, and related products beginning in
1874. These two companies grew quickly in the 1870s and 1880s, leading a period of rapid
industrial development in the former agriculture-based community. The importance of the
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railroad to Cortland’s industries is easily seen in the proximity of industrial sites to railroad lines.
Many other businesses followed their lead, resulting in a period of dramatic population growth:
Cortland’s population doubled in two decades after incorporation in 1853, and doubled again in
the 1880s. The Village of Cortland was chartered as the City of Cortland in 1900.
Figure 2. The Wickwire Plant. Photograph from the Cortland
County Historical Society, reproduced in Kane, Cortland.
Much of Cortland’s building stock reflects this era of rapid growth and prosperity, including the
characteristic late-nineteenth/early-twentieth century Main Street commercial district (not
covered in detail in this survey, as it is already listed in the National Register within the
Tompkins Street/Main Street Historic District). From the earliest settled areas along and near
Main and Tompkins streets, residential development generally spread outward toward the city
line. Residential resources range from the elegant, high-style homes of factory owners and
executives, particularly along Tompkins Street, North Main Street, and Church Street, to modest
cottages and multi-family houses occupied by factory workers that are typically vernacular
interpretations of popular American architectural styles.
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Figure 3. Cortland in 1863, from the Map of the Counties of Cortland and Chenango.
Figure 4. The 1876 map of Cortland from the Atlas of Cortland County.
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With population growth came construction of new public schools to replace the early district
school houses. Cortland established a village school system in 1880, replacing the old system of
district schools. The first village high school at 60 Central Avenue was built in 1892 and
extensively modified in the 1920s-30s; the building now houses Cortland County offices.
Many of Cortland’s significant institutions had their origins at this time, in particular the State
Normal School, the precursor to today’s SUNY-Cortland. In 1866, the state legislature requested
proposals from municipalities interested in hosting Normal Schools, which focused on teacher
education. Cortland was one of the successful communities, and situated the school on the
former academy property, to which a former graveyard property and other lots were added. The
school opened in March 1869 and remained on its site near the center of downtown until a fire
destroyed the building in 1919. The institution then moved to its current site, on which it has
grown considerably larger as its focus has expanded well beyond its original emphasis on teacher
training to encompass a broad range of academic programs.
Figure 5. The State Normal School (now SUNY Cortland) in its original home (left); “Old Main,” the first
building of the present campus, at right. Both photos are from the Cortland County Historical Society,
reprinted in Mary Ann Kane, Cortland (2010).
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Industrial and Social Diversification, 1900-1941
In the first few decades of the twentieth century, Cortland’s industrial base, initially dominated
by Wickwire Brothers and the Cortland Wagon Company, grew increasingly diverse. A number
of companies were formed in industries related to those dominated by Wickwire and Cortland
Wagon, but many others were formed in other industries. By 1929, Cortland could claim 37
different industrial concerns in 32 industries.3 Factories continued to cluster by the railroad
lines, which remained their most important form of transportation.
Cortland’s plentiful employment attracted both American-born and foreign-born workers. Irish
immigrants were the first to arrive in substantial numbers, especially in the 1840s-60s; the next
major group consisted of Italian immigrants, most of whom came between 1900 and World War
I. Cortland also welcomed a sizable number of newly arrived Ukrainians, most of whom came
from one particular region south/southwest of Kiev, between about 1905 and the outbreak of
World War I. To varying extents, these ethnic groups settled in distinct neighborhoods and
worked for particular companies; this was particularly true of Ukrainian immigrants, who
overwhelmingly worked for Wickwire and lived in the neighborhood immediately across South
Main Street from the Wickwire plant known as “Little Russia” (despite the fact that the
immigrants were not Russian, but Ukrainian). World War I and a series of federal laws
restricting immigration brought the influx from overseas to a halt by the early 1920s.
Figure 6. The Gillette Skirt Company is an example of the industries that
flourished in Cortland in the early twentieth century. This was Cortland’s
first concrete-block building. From the Cortland County Historical Society,
reproduced in Kane, Cortland.
3
Geography & History of Cortland County, p. 50
11
To accommodate population growth, new neighborhoods were developed spreading outward
from the city’s commercial and civic core. Companies sometimes facilitated the process, as
when the Smith-Corona company engaged local architect Carl Clark to design houses along
Cedar and Randall streets just north of their factory. Clark’s houses were part of the relatively
rapid development of the neighborhood east of Main Street and south of Port Watson Street in
the first three decades of the twentieth century; the most intact portion of this neighborhood
appears to meet National Register district criteria and is identified as the Greater Cortland
Company Historic District (see Section VI, Annotated Building List: Districts). Another
largely intact neighborhood with notable examples of early twentieth-century architecture is the
proposed West Court Street Historic District on the hill between Main Street and the oldest
section of the SUNY Cortland campus.
Figure 7. This 1926 Sanborn map shows the "Greater Cortland Company"
neighborhood partially developed.
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In addition to his residential work mentioned above, Carl Clark was a prolific designer of
institutional buildings, including two elementary schools in the city in the late 1920s: Randall
School, on Huntington Street, and Parker School, 89 Madison Street. The two appear to have
been identical in plan, distinguished by variations in their exterior design; both have been
expanded through multiple additions but their original design remains evident.
Figure 8. Randall School, designed by Carl W. Clark in 1927. Photo from the
Cortland County Historical Society, reproduced in Kane, Cortland.
World War II and After, 1941-2000
During World War II, Cortland’s factories were busy producing valuable materials and products
for the war effort. Local industries’ contributions are too numerous to list, but a few examples
included Wickwire Brothers, producing nails, wire, screen cloth (particularly valuable in tropical
climates as protection against insect-borne diseases), and other metal and wire products; BrewerTichener, producing metal furniture for the Army and Navy as well as items such as bomb racks
and parachute buckles; Brockway, producing specialized trucks; Cortland Line Company,
producing parachute cords, shoe laces, racquets for Army Recreation branches, and other linerelated products; Crescent Corset Company, producing brassieres and girdles for the Women’s
Army Corps; and many others. A unique contribution from Cortland in this era was President
Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s grave vault, produced by the Con-O-Lite Corporation.
The burst of wartime industrial production was not sustained after the war ended, and Cortland
experienced a gradual series of closures as most of Cortland’s industrial enterprises went out of
business or moved operations elsewhere, particularly from the 1970s onward. Some firms stayed
in business under new ownership, such as Brockway Motors, which was acquired by Mack
Truck in 1956 and remained a major employer locally until the plant was closed in 1977.
Wickwire Brothers was sold to a subsidiary of the Keystone Steel and Wire Company in 1968,
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but the factory closed in 1971 and most of the buildings were demolished in 1972, leaving little
physical trace of the business that once employed 2,000 people and played such a significant role
in the industrial and demographic growth of Cortland. The closure of Cortland’s two biggest
employers was echoed in the gradual shuttering of many of the city’s other factories, or transition
to businesses that employed fewer people.
Some residential development continued in the city after World War II, in the areas at the city’s
outskirts and in the immediate surrounding area of Cortlandville. These neighborhoods were
commonly developed by single developers and display more architectural uniformity than was
seen in neighborhoods that developed earlier.
Cortland retains one largely intact commercial building from the 1960s outside the Tompkins
Street/Main Street Historic District: the Imperial Motel, formerly Imperial “400” Motel, at 2834 Port Watson Street, built in 1964-65. This building was part of a national chain that built over
100 hotels in the early 1960s. Many have been altered and no longer retain their characterdefining features, but the one on Port Watson Street retains unusually high integrity to its
original design.
Figure 9. Prototype design for the Imperial "400" Motel Chain by Palmer & Krisel; the
Cortland motel was built to this design but as a mirror image.
Cities and villages of all sizes took advantage of federal Urban Renewal funding in the 1960s
and 1970s to try to reshape downtowns that were losing population and businesses to the
suburbs. Urban Renewal was a controversial and highly politicized issue in Cortland.
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Fortunately, the core of the Main Street commercial area was able to retain its historic character;
the main area that was targeted by Urban Renewal in the early 1960s was just east of Main
Street, between Court and William streets. Detailed study of the Urban Renewal program and
related planning efforts in the 1960s-70s is beyond the scope of this survey, but the impacts of
twentieth-century modernization efforts are clear in the newer buildings and gaps in the
streetscape where older buildings were demolished in the mid- to late-twentieth century.
The importance of Cortland’s historic architecture was increasingly recognized in the last quarter
of the twentieth century. In 1975, the Tompkins Street Area Historic District was listed in the
National Register of Historic Places, encompassing the city’s most fashionable late-nineteenth
century residential area. The district was expanded in 1982 to include the adjacent commercial
area along Main Street, and was renamed the Tompkins Street/Main Street Historic District.
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III. EXISTING CONDITIONS AND ARCHITECTURAL OVERVIEW
Introduction
The Existing Conditions section connects the historic themes discussed in the Historic Overview
to the existing architecture in the City of Cortland. Properties are discussed by type, with a
summary of the development of each resource type followed by a list of notable surviving
examples.
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RELIGIOUS BUILDINGS
Cortland’s early settlers began establishing religious congregations shortly after their arrival,
starting with a Baptist congregation in 1801 and Methodist congregation in 1804. By the 1810s,
the earliest churches were constructed, beginning an ongoing process of construction and
replacement of churches to accommodate growing congregations as Cortland’s population
increased. Today Cortland boasts an array of both historic and modern houses of worship, with
the oldest located closest to the center of the city (several of them, not coincidentally, on Church
Street) and smaller, newer buildings located on the outskirts. Two notable historic religious
buildings are no longer used as houses of worship: the former First Congregational Church is
vacant, and the former United Community Church (historically First Baptist Church) is used as a
performance space.
The following religious buildings appear to meet the criteria for listing in the National Register
individually or as contributing buildings in potential historic districts. Please see Sections V and
VI, Annotated Building List, for more information.
Name
Address
Unitarian Universalist 3 Church Street
Church of Cortland
United Community
19 Church Street
Church (historically
First Baptist)
Date
1836
First Congregational
Church
Grace Episcopal
Church
10 Elm Street
1882
13 Court Street
1888
First Presbyterian
Church
23 Church Street
1889
St. Mary’s Roman
Catholic Church
Campus
48 and 59-63 North
Main Street
1891
1913
1928
1930
1870s
Eligibility
Individually listed in the National
Register
Contributes to potential expansion
of Tompkins Street/Main Street
Historic District. No longer used as
a house of worship.
Appears individually eligible
Appears individually eligible;
of Tompkins Street/Main Street
Historic District
Appears individually eligible.
Manse built 1903; Sunday School
addition c. 1923.
(entire campus, including historic
convent, rectory and school)
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Religious Buildings, continued
Name
Address
Living Word Free
9 Grace Street
Methodist Church
(Free Methodist
Church of Cortland)
Homer Avenue United 30 Homer Avenue
Methodist Church
Mosaic Church
49 Greenbush Street
(historically Church of
Christ Scientist)
Temple Brith Sholom 117 Madison Street
Date
Eligibility
1891; 1962 Contributes to proposed
wing
Madison/Jewett Historic
1914
1941-43
(remodelin
g
of earlier
building)
1969
Contributing building in the
potential expansion of Tompkins
Street/Main Street Historic District
Not yet 50 years old, but has
landmark potential as notable
Modernist design by Werner
Seligmann
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COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
Cortland’s historic commercial corridor is at the heart of the existing Tompkins Street/Main
Street Historic District. Those buildings were not included in the present survey because they
are already designated. Please see the section “Tompkins Street/Main Street Historic District
Extensions” for possible additions to the historic district, some of which are commercial
buildings. One currently commercial building within the potential district expansion may meet
the criteria for individual designation: the former Franklin Hatch Library, 24 Court Street
(1886).
One commercial building of note outside the existing or potential expanded district is the former
Imperial “400” Motel at 28-34 Port Watson Street. Built in 1964-65 to this national chain
hotel’s standard design by Palmer & Krisel, this is a largely intact example of one of the
country’s first auto-oriented chain hotels.4 This style and type of architecture is increasingly
appreciated as an artifact of America’s new post-war mobility, love of automobile travel, and
interest in dramatic architectural expression using such new forms as the folded-plate roof. Now
50 years old, the building is emblematic of its specific time in history and is an example of a
design that is increasingly rare as buildings of this vintage are frequently demolished or
remodeled. See Section VI, Annotated Building List, for more information.
4
For more on the Imperial 400 Motel chain, including images of other hotels built to the standard design that are
nearly identical to the one in Cortland, see http://socalarchhistory.blogspot.com/2010/03/palmer-krisel-and-imperial400-motels.html.
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CIVIC BUILDINGS
As the Cortland County Seat, the city of Cortland is home to a number of notable public
buildings. The County Courthouse is the city’s third courthouse, and was built in 1924 on the
site formerly occupied by the State Normal School, after that building was destroyed in a fire.
The Courthouse is at the core of a cluster of historic public buildings just east of Main Street.
Several have already been designated; a few others appear eligible for listing individually or in
an expansion of the Tompkins Street/Main Street Historic District that could encompass this
civic complex.
The following civic buildings appear to meet the criteria for listing in the National Register
individually or as contributing buildings in potential historic districts. Civic buildings that are
located in the existing Tompkins Street/Main Street Historic District are not included in this list
unless also individually designated. Please see Sections V and VI, Annotated Building List, for
more information.
Name
Cortland Waterworks
U.S. Post Office
Cortland Fire
Headquarters
Address
Date
53 Broadway Avenue C. 19101930
88 Main Street
1913-15
21 Court Street
1914
Public Safety Building 56 Greenbush Street
1920-26
Cortland County
Courthouse
1924
Courthouse Park
Eligibility
Register; also within the potential
expansion of the Tompkins
Contributes to the potential
23
Civic Buildings, continued
Name
Address
Cortland Free Library 32 Church Street
Date
1928
City Hall
1969
Eligibility
Within the potential expansion of
the Tompkins Street/Main Street
Historic District. Currently under
50 years old, but may be considered
contributing or individually eligible
once 50 years old.
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EDUCATIONAL BUILDINGS
Education has been a significant theme throughout Cortland’s history, from the early Classical
School for Young Men, Cortland Village Female Seminary and Cortlandville Academy, which
educated the sons and daughters of the community’s pioneers, through the extensive SUNY
Cortland campus (originally the State Normal School) that is a major employer in the city today.
No buildings survive today from the earliest schools, although an important property in Cortland
sits on a site long associated with education: the property where the Court House sits today was
the home of the Classical School for Young Men, then the Cortlandville Academy, then the State
Normal School. After the Normal School burned in 1919, it was re-established on its new site
and a new Court House replaced it.5 The original building constructed for the State Normal
School on its new campus, now known as “Old Main,” was built in 1923 and has been
determined eligible for the National Register. (The State Normal School became SUNY
Cortland in 1948, when the SUNY system was established with Cortland as a charter member.)
The State Historic Preservation Office has determined three additional buildings affiliated with
SUNY Cortland are eligible for listing: the Robert Brewer House, a former college infirmary
(located in the Tompkins Street/Main Street Historic District); the President’s Residence on
Graham Avenue; and Moffett Center, built in 1951. Survey of campus buildings was excluded
from the present project.
Five public school buildings built before World War II appear eligible for the National Register:
the former Central High School (now the County Office Building) and two elementary schools
from the 1920s: Randall School and Parker School. Two former public schools are not eligible
due to alterations: a former school building at 48-54 Owego Street, and the former Pomeroy
School at 47 Pomeroy Street (both now apartments). Three public schools in the city date to the
post-World War II period and do not appear eligible at this time: Smith Elementary School,
Barry Elementary School, and Cortland Junior-Senior High School.
The same architect is associated with several of these buildings: Carl Clark designed the Robert
Brewer House, Randall School, Parker School, and Moffett Center.
The following educational buildings appear to meet the criteria for listing in the National
Register individually or as contributing buildings in potential historic districts. Please see
Section VI, Annotated Building List, for more information.
5
New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation, “State University of New York Historic
Resources Survey and Evaluation,” March 1993.
25
Name
Central High School
(now County Office
Building)
Address
60 Central Avenue
Date
Eligibility
1892;
1920s-30s of the Tompkins Street/Main Street
Historic District
Robert Brewer House 60 Tompkins Avenue c. 1918
(owned by SUNY)
“Old Main” (Normal 1 Gerhart Drive
1923
School)
President’s Residence Graham Avenue
c. 1925
Officially determined eligible by
SHPO
SHPO
SHPO6
Eligible as part of the Greater
Cortland Company Historic District
Randall Elementary
School
31 Randall Street
1927
Parker School
89 Madison Street
1928
Possibly individually eligible,
although replacement windows and
unsympathetic addition detract
from integrity
Moffett Center
Graham Avenue
1951
SHPO
6
The President’s Residence appears to have been altered since it was determined eligible, and may no longer be
eligible.
26
INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS
Cortland owed its rapid growth in the last quarter of the nineteenth century to the establishment
of a number of successful industries, some of which developed a national reputation. The city
today retains remnants of some of these industrial operations, although the specific businesses
with which they are associated have closed or left town. The largest clusters of manufacturing
sites are clustered in three locations: the adjacent Brockway and Cortland Wagon sites, centrally
located at East Court Street east of Pendleton Street; the former Wickwire Plant, South Main
Street south of Huntington Street in the south-center portion of the city; and the Cooper Brothers
Foundry and Cortland Forging Company sites, on opposite sides of River Street in the northeast
quadrant of the city. All three sites have long histories; two of the three remain in industrial use
today (the Wickwire Plant was demolished in the 1970s, leaving no buildings on the site). A
comparison of recent aerial photographs and historic Sanborn maps shows that some of the
buildings on the sites today have footprints matching the historic buildings; however, the
buildings have been so extensively altered that they do not retain historic integrity. An exception
is the former Cortland Corset Building at 65 East Court Street, now home to a variety of
commercial tenants.
Smaller-scale industrial sites were located along the railroad tracks in the south portion of the
city; remnants of these can be seen along Squires Street, South Avenue, Huntington Street, and
Crawford Street, but most remaining buildings do not retain historic integrity. The former
Gillette Skirt Company (previously Cortland Corset), at 32 Miller Street, retains much of its
historic character, and is significant as the first concrete block building in Cortland. Two
buildings associated with the Brewer-Titchener Company survive on Port Watson Street: the
former office at 111 Port Watson Street, now home to the American Red Cross, and the former
machine shop at 113-115 Port Watson Street, rehabilitated for commercial use.
The following industrial buildings appear to meet the criteria for listing in the National Register.
Please see Sections V and VI, Annotated Building List, for more information.
Name
Address
Cortland Corset
65 East Court Street
Company
Gillette Skirt Company 32 Miller Street
Date
1880
Eligibility
c. 1890
Brewer-Titchener
Machine Shop
(originally Cortland
Carriage Goods)
1902-1908 Appears individually eligible
113-115 Port Watson
Street
27
Industrial Buildings, continued
Name
Address
Date
Cortland Welding
16 Crawford Street
1915
Compound
Brewer-Titchener
111 Port Watson Street c. 1920
Office
Eligibility
28
TRANSPORTATION RESOURCES
The inauguration of railroad service was the start of Cortland’s industrial boom. Fast,
economical transportation service enabled producers to get their products to markets around the
state and, ultimately, the country. The first line established in Cortland was the Syracuse,
Binghamton & New York Railroad, which became part of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western
in 1869. The second was the Ithaca and Cortland, which began running in 1871 and, after
reorganization first as the Utica, Ithaca and Elmira, then the Elmira, Cortland & Northern, was
purchased by the Lehigh Valley Railroad in 1896. Most of Cortland’s industrial sites were
located along either the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western or the Elmira, Cortland &
Northern/Lehigh Valley Railroad tracks. A third line came to Cortland in 1898 when the Erie
and Central New York began service from Cortland to Cincinnatus. This line was bought by the
Delaware, Lackawanna & Western in 1903.
The following transportation-related buildings appear to meet the criteria for listing in the
National Register individually or as contributing buildings in potential historic districts, except
as otherwise noted. Please see Section VI, Annotated Building List, for more information.
Name
Elmira, Cortland &
Northern/Lehigh
Valley Roundhouse
Address
84 Owego Street
Date
c. 1871
Delaware, Lackawanna 94-96 Central Avenue c. 1903
& Western Passenger
Depot
Delaware, Lackawanna 92 Central Avenue
& Western Freight
Depot
c. 1903
Delaware, Lackawanna
& Western
Watchman’s Shanty
c. 1903
Lehigh Valley Railroad 1 South Avenue (also 1910-11
Passenger Depot
known as 7 South
Avenue)
Eligibility
Appears individually eligible for
the National Register
the National Register; also
contributes to potential Delaware,
Lackawanna & Western Railroad
Resources Historic District
Contributes to potential Delaware,
Resources Historic District)
Contributes to potential Delaware,
Resources Historic District)
the National Register
29
Transportation Resources, Continued
Name
Address
Lehigh Valley Railroad 3 South Avenue
Freight Depot
Date
Eligibility
1911
Historically significant, but
integrity is diminished; does not
appear eligible
30
CEMETERIES
Two cemeteries are located in the city of Cortland. The older of the two is the Cortland Rural
Cemetery, which was dedicated in August 1854. This is an example of the type of burial ground
known as the rural or garden cemetery, a picturesque, park-like burial ground characterized by
hilly terrain, winding roads that followed the topography, and lush plantings of trees and shrubs,
all of which deliberately shaped vistas within and beyond the cemetery landscape. First
popularized by cemeteries established on the outskirts of major cities, such as Mount Auburn
outside Boston, Laurel Hill in Philadelphia, and Mount Hope in Rochester, the rural cemetery
became a popular type valued for its beauty as well as its function. Cortland Rural Cemetery is a
good example of this design style and is a contributing property in the National Register-listed
Tompkins Street/Main Street Historic District.
St. Mary’s Cemetery at 4101 West Road is located partially within the City of Cortland. It was
established in 1891 as the city’s Catholic cemetery. While located on a hilly site at the outskirts
of the city, as was typical of the rural cemetery movement, this cemetery has fewer trees and
more-regular road layouts, and thus is not as strong an example of nineteenth-century cemetery
design as the Cortland Rural Cemetery. It likely would not meet the criteria for individual
National Register designation established in National Register Bulletin 41: Guidelines for
Evaluating and Registering Cemeteries and Burial Places based on its design. Additional
research might uncover other justifications for local and/or National Register designation based
on historical significance.
31
32
RESIDENTIAL ARCHITECTURE
The great majority of Cortland’s building stock consists of single-family housing, most built
before World War II. Consistent with its history as a self-sufficient, prosperous industrial
community, Cortland’s historic domestic architecture represents a wide range in terms of
construction date, architectural style, size, and formality. In general, houses were built first
along streets closest to the commercial center as well as along the city’s early thoroughfares
radiating out from the central business district. An 1863 map of the village shows this pattern
clearly, with houses lining sections of the radial streets (the streets now known as Main Street,
Port Watson Street, Clinton Avenue, Port Watson Street, Tompkins Street, Groton Avenue, and
Homer Avenue), and clustered in an irregular grid pattern within the area bounded by North
Main Street, Port Watson Street, and the Binghamton & Syracuse Railroad.
As the city’s population grew, new neighborhoods were developed that filled the areas between
the radial streets; for example, by 1876, the area south of downtown between Tompkins and
South Main streets was largely developed, as was the area between North Main Street and what
is now Homer Avenue. As the population grew rapidly in the last quarter of the nineteenth
century, areas in the city’s east side and northwest quadrant were developed. In the early
twentieth century, housing construction continued near the city’s outskirts, and large properties
closer to the center were subdivided (e.g. the Randall property off Main and West Court streets,
as well as a large lot held by the Randall family south of Port Watson Street, between South
Main and Pendleton streets, referred to in this report as the Greater Cortland Company Historic
District).
As was common nationwide, residential construction slowed dramatically during the Great
Depression of the 1930s, and remained slow until after World War II, when automobile-oriented
suburban development became the norm. While Cortland’s era of rapid growth fueled by
industrial expansion was over by this time, some post-war residential development occurred near
the northwest, northeast, and southeast corners of the city.
The following section is a brief guide to the most common architectural styles associated with
Cortland’s historic housing stock. While many of the most elaborate, high-style examples of
domestic architecture are located along Tompkins Street, those houses are not included in the
examples given here, or in the Annotated Building List later in the document, because they are
already listed in the National Register as part of the Tompkins Street/Main Street Historic
District and therefore were not included in the present survey project.
Stylistic classifications are not rigid; there is considerable overlap between styles. In addition,
stylistic categories are applied by historians after the fact and were not recognized or consciously
adhered to by builders and architects at the time. Frequently a building of one style had an
33
addition of a second style, such as a house built in the 1840s in the Greek Revival mode
receiving a new porch in the 1910s in the Colonial Revival style.
In this section, each style is described in general terms and representative examples of the style
provided.
34
GREEK REVIVAL
The Greek Revival style was the predominant model for residential construction in the early
nineteenth century in the United States. The style was nationally popularized by four factors.
First, early nineteenth-century archaeological investigations created interest in ancient Greek
architecture. Second, the country of Greece’s struggle for independence from Turkey (18211830) aroused sympathy in the newly independent United States and created more interest in
Greek architecture. Third, the War of 1812 diminished American affection for the Britishderived Adam (also known as Federal) architectural style. And finally, a number of American
architects began to promote the style in their own works and published writings (e.g., Benjamin
Latrobe, Robert Mills, and Alexander Jackson Davis). Buildings designed in this style display
the form, proportions, and general details of Greek and Roman temple buildings. The Greek
Revival style was common in Western New York between 1830 and 1860.
Strong examples of the Greek Revival style in Cortland can be seen at 192 Groton Avenue, 53
North Main Street, and 90 North Main Street.
90 North Main Street. Note the low-pitched roof with gable returns.
35
ITALIANATE
The Italianate Style began in England as part of the Picturesque movement, which rejected the
formal classical ideals of art and architecture that predominated in the first half of the nineteenth
century. The movement abandoned formal classical rules in favor of informal compositions that
evoked an emotional response from the viewer and worked in harmony with the landscape. The
movement sought inspiration from rambling informal Italian farmhouses. The writings of
architectural theorists such as Andrew Jackson Downing helped popularize the style. American
builders freely adapted the style into wood construction so that many of the American results
bear little resemblance to the Italian buildings that inspired the style. This style was extremely
common in Western New York from 1855 to 1880. Characteristic elements include broad
overhanging eaves supported by brackets, tall narrow windows, often with half-round heads, bay
windows, and porches with elaborate carpentry.
Cortland has a number of fine examples of high-style and vernacular Italianate buildings.
Notable examples can be seen at 79 Central Avenue, 59 Greenbush Street, 123 Groton
Avenue, 25 Homer Street, 28 Hubbard Street, 29 Hubbard Street, 84 North Main Street, 31
Prospect Terrace, 24-26 South Avenue, 89 Tompkins Avenue, 115 Tompkins Avenue, and
51 Union Street.
79 Central Avenue, the former H.F. Benton
House. Despite the poor condition of some
features, nearly all historic details survive.
25 Homer Avenue, now headquarters of the Cortland
Historical Society. Note the low-pitched roof, brackets at
the eaves, and window surrounds.
36
OCTAGON
The Octagon is a house form, not a decorative style, characterized by its distinctive eight-sided
shape. Their detailing can be in the Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, or, most commonly,
Italianate styles. Octagons are rare; only about 2,000 are believed to exist, most built between
1850 and 1870. The short-lived popularity of the octagon house form is traced to Orson S.
Fowler, whose 1849 book The Octagon House: A Home for All argued that the octagon was a
less expensive, more efficient shape that maximized sunlight and ventilation while “eliminating
dark and useless corners.”
Cortland has one example of an octagon house, located at 14 North Church Street in the potential
North Church Historic District. Unfortunately, it has been extensively altered. A more highly
intact example survives in Homer.
This view shows the octagon house at 14 North Church
Street while it retained its porch.
14 North Church Street today. Alterations to the
porch, siding, and windows detract from its original
character.
37
SECOND EMPIRE
The most prominent feature of this French-inspired style is the mansard roof, named after the
French architect who popularized it in the seventeenth century. Aside from the mansard roof, the
Second Empire shares many decorative features with the Italianate style, including brackets,
cresting, and arched window openings.
The Second Empire style is relatively rare in Cortland, but there are a few notable examples,
including the houses at 57 Church Street, 14 Grant Street, 38 Greenbush Street, and 40
Prospect Terrace.
57 Church Street. The siding is not original, but otherwise this
house retains remarkable integrity.
38
STICK
The Stick style, like the later Queen Anne style (see below), derives from medieval English
architectural models, freely adapted in the predominant American building material of wood.
The Stick Style emphasized the wall surface as a decorative element, featuring flat wood walls to
which stickwork was applied as decoration, unrelated to the building’s structure (unlike halftimbering, which in medieval examples was the true structural support of the building left
exposed).
The Stick style is closely related to the Queen Anne style, but is distinguished by its distinctive
flat applied stickwork and emphasis on the flatness of the wall, rather than (as in the Queen
Anne) an emphasis on avoiding expanses of flat walls wherever possible. Stick Style detailing
does sometimes appear on Queen Anne style houses – an example of the overlap of decorative
features on similar styles.
Cortland has at least two high-style examples of the Stick Style, seen at 12 Arthur Street and
144 Tompkins Street, both clearly built to the same design, as well as a more vernacular
example of a house with applied stickwork at 24 North Church Street.
12 Arthur Avenue. This house has all the features
associated with the Stick style, including flat horizontal
and vertical stickwork and decorative trusses at main
and secondary gables.
39
QUEEN ANNE
The Queen Anne style was inspired by English houses of the late medieval period. During the
1880s, the style was promoted in the United States by pattern books and the architectural
magazine, The American Architect and Building News. The earliest examples of the style in
England and the United States were characterized by decorative half-timbering or patterned
masonry. With the popularization of the style and the availability of pre-cut architectural details
in the 1880s, spindle-work decoration became dominant. In the 1890s, the use of classical
elements and detailing including columns, decorative swag reliefs, pediments, cornice-line
dentils, and Palladian windows became widespread. Queen Anne houses are characterized by an
effort to avoid flat, plain wall surfaces through angles, varied window shapes, varied textures,
complex rooflines, and applied ornament. Though the Queen Anne style encompasses a wide
range of variation, the most common vernacular interpretations of the style share many features
including asymmetrical massing, the use of pattern-cut wood shingles at gable ends, wall
surfaces broken by projections, a small gable asymmetrically located within a larger gable at the
primary façade, and wraparound porches with turned posts and spindles.
Cortland has a number of fine, high-style examples of the Queen Anne style, particularly in the
potential North Main/East Main Historic District and the potential North Church Street Historic
District. Notable examples also exist along Charles Street. Examples include the houses at 19
Charles Street, 47 Charles Street, 4 Church Street, 15, 20, and 27 North Church Street, 23
Clayton Street, 42 East Court Street, 45 Homer Avenue, 26 Homer Avenue, 87, 91, 93, and
122 North Main Street, 66 Maple Avenue, 15 Monroe Heights, 15 Prospect Terrace, 36
Rickard Street, 130 Tompkins Street, and 132 Tompkins Street.
87 North Main Street, part of a collection of notable
Queen Anne-style houses along North Main Street.
91 North Main Street, built to a design from a
pattern book, exemplifies the exuberance of the style.
40
15 North Church Street
36 River Street
41
FOLK VICTORIAN
The Folk Victorian style applies Victorian-era detailing, which may exemplify the Italianate or
Queen Anne style, onto a house design that is simple and vernacular in character. Designs tend
to be symmetrical, or at least regular (unlike the true Queen Anne, which favors irregular
footprints and rooflines), with the Queen Anne or Italianate elements applied at the porch and/or
cornice. The spread of this style was facilitated by the railroads, which gave local carpenters and
builders access to precut detailing, which they applied to local vernacular house forms, as well as
to machinery that allowed them to produce fashionable detailing locally. Folk Victorian houses
are common in Cortland; some notable examples are seen at 28 Clayton Avenue, 25 Madison
Street, 35 Madison Street, and 129 Homer Avenue. Many others are located outside potential
districts or do not retain sufficient integrity to merit individual designation.
28 Clayton Avenue. The traditional form and flat wall surfaces,
with an applied “Victorian” porch, distinguish this house from a
true Queen Anne.
42
COLONIAL REVIVAL
At a regional and national level, the frequency of Colonial Revival design and decorative
detailing reflects the popularity and endurance of the style from the end of the nineteenth century
until the present day. The Philadelphia American Centennial Exhibition of 1876 stimulated a
renewed interest in the colonial English and Dutch architecture of the eastern United States.
Architects and builders derived ideas from a variety of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century
sources. A number of professional publications, including The American Architect and Building
News, and the White Pine Series of Architectural Monographs, promoted the style through
photographs and measured drawings of colonial buildings. The popular appeal of the Colonial
Revival Style was also advanced by the appearance of replicas of American colonial buildings,
including Mount Vernon and Independence Hall at the Chicago World’s Fair in 1893. Common
elements associated with the Colonial Revival style include rectangular massing, symmetrically
balanced façades, accentuated front entrances, multi-light double-hung windows, and gabled roof
dormers. Twentieth-century examples of the style were usually simpler and more symmetrical
than nineteenth-century examples.
The Colonial Revival style is common in the potential West Court Street Historic District,
although examples occur throughout neighborhoods built in the first quarter of the twentieth
century. Some notable examples are at 59 Church Street, 60 Church Street, 52 Clayton
Street, 51, 55, and 61 West Court Street, 17 Jewett Avenue, 55 Port Watson Street, and 22
Stevenson Street.
65 West Court Street. Because of the side-gambrel roof
and full-width shed dormer, this style is commonly
referred to as Dutch Colonial.
55 Port Watson Street. Note the symmetrical
façade and dentils at the cornice and porch
pediment. Siding is not original.
43
TUDOR REVIVAL
The Tudor Revival style is a loose interpretation of medieval English (not limited to the 16thcentury Tudor era) building traditions, revived in nineteenth-century England and adapted again
in the United States beginning in the 1890s. Most are asymmetrical and picturesque in
composition and feature such elements derived from the English tradition as half-timbering (a
structural element in medieval architecture, adapted as a form of applied decoration), patterned
masonry, small-paned (sometimes diamond-paned) windows, oriels, and the Tudor arch. Early
examples from the 1890s tended to be architect designed and closely based on English models;
in the twentieth century, characteristic details were often applied to houses with otherwise
conventional floor plans, so that it is common in neighborhoods of the 1920s to see houses that
have the same floor plan and massing differ only in the use of Colonial versus Tudor detailing.
The Tudor Revival style is seen in neighborhoods built in the first quarter of the twentieth
century, such as the potential West Court Street and Greater Cortland Company Historic
Districts. Examples include the houses at 66 Church Street, 46, 47, and 53 West Court Street,
72 Greenbush Street, 65 Port Watson Street, and 24 Stevenson Street.
24 Stevenson Street. Note the asymmetrical design,
half-timbering, and nested gables.
48 (left) and 46 West Court Street. The house on the
right has a typical Colonial Revival form with applied
Tudor Revival detailing; the house on the left exhibits
more typically Tudor Revival asymmetrical massing.
44
PRAIRIE STYLE
Developed in the Midwestern United States and most closely associated with Frank Lloyd
Wright, the Prairie style is characterized by a low-pitched, usually hopped roof with deeply
overhanging eaves, and by an emphasis on horizontal lines. A continuous band of trim at the
level of second-story window sills is common, as are broad, often tapered porch supports. There
is considerable overlap between Prairie and Craftsman styles (see below).
Cortland has a few good examples of houses that have some Prairie-style features: 19 West
Court Street, 27 West Court Street, and 70 Greenbush Street.
70 Greenbush Street. The hipped roof and band of brick trim are
typical of the Prairie style.
45
CRAFTSMAN
The Craftsman style was popularized by architects Greene & Greene of Pasadena, California and
Gustav Stickley of Syracuse, New York. Craftsman-style houses were designed with simple
efficient plans and incorporated stylistic influences from India, Japan, and the English Arts and
Crafts movement. The style was a deliberate, artistic movement away from the profuse,
machine-fabricated ornament of the Queen Anne and other related styles. Typical details include
low-pitched roofs with wide, unenclosed eave overhangs, exposed roof rafters and/or decorative
knee bracing, and short, square porch columns set into piers. Catalog-purchased house kits
popularized the style throughout the country, and it became the dominant style for small houses
from ca. 1905 until the early 1920s.
The Bungalow is a house form, rather than a style, that is closely associated with the Craftsman
style, as most Bungalows have Craftsman detailing. The bungalow form is derived from the
low-slung, one-story cottages found in India. Bungalows typically are one-and-one-half stories
tall with a broad, side-gabled roof, usually with a gabled or shed dormer, and integral front porch
supported by broad piers.
The Craftsman style is common in Cortland, particularly in the potential Greater Cortland
Company Historic District, as well as in the potential West Court Street Historic District. The
four houses in the potential Otter Creek Place Historic District are also best described as
Craftsman in style, although in a unique interpretation of the style featuring the builder’s
masonry products. Some good examples of the style are seen at 16 Broadway Avenue, 2, 11,
and 13 Cedar Street, 26, 43, and 54 West Court Street, 51 West Main Street, 64 Church
Street, 1 North Church Place, 75 Greenbush Street, 91 Greenbush Street, 15 Randall
Street, and 24 Williams Street.
15 Randall Street, a good example of the Bungalow
form. Note Craftsman-style details including
angled roof brackets and patterned shingles.
43 West Court Street. The first-story siding is not
original but second story retains Craftsman patterned
shingles. Note also deep eaves with brackets and
distinctive front porch hood.
46
AMERICAN FOURSQUARE
More properly understood as a house form rather than a style, the American Foursquare
encompasses a broad category of early twentieth-century designs defined by cubic massing,
hipped roofs with broad overhanging eaves, hip-roof dormers and full-width porches. Restrained
ornamentation applied to the basic form often displayed Craftsman, Prairie, or Colonial Revival
influences. First appearing about 1895, the Foursquare was promoted by builders’ magazines,
mail-order plan companies, and the pre-cut, ready-for-assembly industry. Reacting against the
extensive ornamentation of late nineteenth-century architectural styles, the dignified appearance
and contemporary quality of the American Foursquare appealed to early twentieth-century
owners. The economy of form, offering a generous amount of interior space for minimal
construction costs, contributed to its widespread adaptation to middle-class housing.
American Foursquare houses are abundant in the potential Greater Cortland Company Historic
District, although many have been altered by changes to their siding and/or characteristic front
porches. Good examples are seen at 7 Broadway Avenue, 33 Cedar Street, 61 Church Street,
62 Church Street, and 6 Williams Street.
33 Cedar Street has all the characteristic features of the
American Foursquare form: boxy massing, hipped roof,
and full-width front porch. Detailing is typical of the
Craftsman style.
47
POST-WORLD WAR II STYLES
No National Register-eligible post-war residential resources were found in Cortland. This is due
to the ubiquity of the styles associated with the post-war period, and the prevalence of
alterations, particularly alterations to siding and windows, that prevent neighborhoods of this
vintage from meeting criteria for district eligibility. The following overview of the most
common styles from the immediate post-war period (1940s-60s) is provided to aid in future
analysis of these resources.
Minimal Traditional
The Minimal Traditional style first
appeared during the 1930s and
continued through the early years of
the Post-World War II period,
representing the first wave in the
post-war housing boom. These
houses are characterized by a
traditional form, with minimal
decorative detail. Typically small
and asymmetrical, they have few
ornamental features, but display a
relatively high level of workmanship
and some high-quality interior
features.
48 Clayton Avenue
Ranch
Ranch houses became very popular in
the 1960s and 1970s. Nationwide,
this house type had its roots in the
west, where long, low rooflines were
reminiscent of the Prairie Style of the
early twentieth century. One-story
windows with deep roof overhangs, a
strong horizontal emphasis, and
horizontal ribbons of windows reflect
this emphasis. The popularity of the
style reflects a desire for an informal
lifestyle, one-story living space, and
increased reliance on the automobile.
6 Lebanon Drive
48
Cape Cod
The Cape Cod house form was derived
from a form typical of colonial New
England. The hallmarks of this type of
house are its massing (1 ½ stories,
three bays) and steep gabled roof.
11 Forrest Avenue
49
50
IV. RECOMMENDATIONS
Across the nation, successful preservation efforts have consistently been linked to stabilizing or
improving the performance of local real estate values. Preservation, by promoting property
conservation, has a beneficial effect on a community’s tax base and its general appeal.
Following this national trend, many communities in upstate New York are becoming
increasingly aware of the economic value of maintaining the visual quality of the physical
environment.
The following recommendations are suggested ways of using the information compiled in the
reconnaissance-level survey to protect and enhance the significant resources identified. These
recommendations are provided for consideration by city government officials and other
participants in the local decision-making process. The following list includes potential activities
that may be accomplished by city officials and the community.
1. Investigate the nomination of key properties and districts to the State and National
Registers of Historic Places.
The National Register is the list of the nation’s properties that are officially designated as worthy
of preservation, including archaeological or historical sites, districts, buildings, and objects. The
list is maintained by the National Park Service under the U.S. Department of the Interior. In
New York, this program, along with the New York State Register of Historic Places, is
administered at the state level by the Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation
(OPRHP, also known as SHPO, the State Historic Preservation Office). OPRHP uses the same
criteria to determine a property’s eligibility for the State Register as are used for the National
Register. The processes of nominating properties to the State and National Registers are usually
handled concurrently, with the same nomination form used for both levels.
National Register listing provides many important benefits to the owner and community alike. It
recognizes that the property is significant to the nation, the state, and/or the local community.
Listing in the Register often enhances the way communities perceive their historic resources and
gives credibility to the preservation efforts of private citizens and public officials. Listing can
also help bolster pride in the community’s historic resources by publicly showing that local
properties are significant enough to merit national recognition.
Owners benefit from National Register listing in several ways:
Listing is a requirement for certain types of historic preservation funding, such as
Sacred Sites grants for religious properties and Environmental Protection Fund grants
51
from SHPO (now distributed through the statewide Consolidated Funding
Application process).
State and federal tax credits are available for private rehabilitation of designated
buildings (see Number 3, below).
Listing can provide a measure of protection from state and federally funded, licensed,
or assisted projects. National Register listing, or even a determination that a property
is eligible for the National Register, identifies a property as one whose architectural
and/or historic value must be considered in planning by state and federal agencies and
by communities using state and/or federal funds. Governmental agencies are then
required by law to assess the impact of their projects, such as a road widening or
bridge replacement, on historic resources that may be affected by the proposed work.
A National (or State) Register listing does not transfer ownership, or establish rules or guidelines
that must be followed by private owners who wish to maintain or alter their properties using their
own funds. The listing does not interfere with the owner’s right to alter, manage, or dispose of
the property.
2. Consider local designation of district and/or individual properties.
Local landmark and district designation is a completely separate process from State/National
Register listing. Local designation is handled by a board or commission authorized by the local
municipal government through a preservation ordinance, which is part of a city’s code. The
ordinance establishes the legal framework by which the board or commission can designate
preservation districts7 and landmarks and review alterations (usually only exterior) to those
properties.
Cortland’s seven-member Preservation Commission is empowered to designate preservation
districts and individual landmarks, and to review “all exterior modifications to all structures,
including signage and landscaping, as well as any demolition of structures, or a portion thereof,
which are within the Historic District or which have been designated a landmark site.”
(Administrative Code of the City of Cortland, §300-45.)
The City of Cortland has one locally designated district, which corresponds to the National
Register-listed Tompkins Street/Main Street Historic District. While in this instance the
National and local districts are identical, this is not always the case, because local designation
7
For the purpose of clarity, in this document “historic district” refers to a National Register-listed district, and
“preservation district” is used to refer to a locally designated district. Both National Register and local districts may
correctly be referred to as “historic districts.”
52
does not automatically occur when a property or district is listed in the National Register (and
vice versa).
The primary difference between National Register and local designation is that National Register
listing does not bind owners to review of their privately funded projects, but local designation
typically does mean owners must have their proposed exterior alterations reviewed by the local
Preservation Commission. The specific processes and criteria for designation, design review,
and appeals are spelled out in each municipality’s preservation ordinance.
Because properties designated as local landmarks or located within locally designated
preservation districts are subject to design review, local designation can be a valuable tool for
maintaining historic character. For this process to work effectively, it is important that
commissioners strive for consistency and clarity in their public meetings and in the records of
their decisions. It is also important that commissioners receive training (unusually, and
commendably, Cortland’s preservation ordinance requires commissioners to receive initial
training and ongoing training on an annual basis) so they can best fulfill their important role as
part of the framework of municipal government.
Numerous studies have found that local preservation district designation helps stabilize property
values, likely because it provides owners with the confidence that their investment is protected
from inappropriate alterations to neighboring properties, while safeguarding characteristics that
homeowners value, such as walkability and architectural quality. For example, a recent study of
four local preservation districts in Connecticut found that even in a time of economic recession,
“property values in every local historic district saw average increases in value ranging from 4%
to over 19% per year,” and “on a composite basis, the rate of foreclosure of properties within the
historic districts was half the rate outside the districts.”8
The districts and individual properties listed in Sections VI and VII could be nominated to the
National Register, proposed for local designation, or, in most cases, both. Priority should be
given to those considered most at risk, and/or those where owners are most likely to take
advantage of available tax credits and grants. The decision regarding which level of designation
to pursue will depend on many factors. It is often easier to gain public support for National
Register listing, since this does not restrict private owners’ activities and enables them to take
advantage of tax credits and grants. On the other hand, National Register listing does not have
“teeth” at the local level, so if the goal is to prevent inappropriate changes, local designation may
be preferable.
8
PlaceEconomics, Connecticut Local Historic Districts and Property Values. Prepared for Connecticut Trust for
Historic Preservation, October 2011.
53
3. Encourage Owners to Take Advantage of Incentives for Rehabilitation
One of the benefits of National Register and, in some cases, local designation is that it enables
owners to access funding for rehabilitation, in the form of tax credits and grants. Unfortunately,
such funding is not plentiful, but where it is available it can be helpful to owners planning
projects. The following is a list of some of the most common sources of funding for historic
preservation projects.
State/Federal Tax Credits for Commercial Rehabilitation.
The federal government offers a 20% tax credit for substantial rehabilitation of properties
listed in the National Register. The property must be placed into an income-producing
use (for example, rental apartments, hotel, office, or retail, but not owner-occupied
housing). Properties in qualified census tracts (which include all of the city of Cortland)
are also eligible for an additional 20% state tax credit. Various rules apply regarding
project costs, eligible work, and timing; projects are subject to state and federal
preservation guidelines, and work must be approved in advance. See the OPRHP website
for more information (http://nysparks.com/shpo/).
State Tax Credits for Residential Rehabilitation.
New York State offers a 20% tax credit for rehabilitation of owner-occupied residential
properties listed in the National Register, located in qualified census tracts (all of the city
of Cortland qualifies). Project costs must exceed $5,000 and at least 5% of the project
cost must be spent on the exterior of the building. Work must be approved in advance
and must meet state and federal preservation guidelines. See the OPRHP website for
more information (http://nysparks.com/shpo/).
Grants for Historic Preservation.
The availability of grants and application processes change frequently. In general, grants
are available only to non-profit organizations and municipalities for rehabilitation of
buildings they own. Many programs are only available for buildings listed in the
National Register. Some common sources available include:
Sacred Sites, a program of the New York Landmarks Conservancy, for restoration
and repair of active houses of worship. www.nylandmarks.org
Environmental Protection Fund, offered by OPRHP through the New York State
Consolidated Funding Application, for rehabilitation projects with the potential to
contribute to economic development. http://nysparks.com/shpo
Preserve New York, offered by the Preservation League of New York State and New
York State Council on the Arts, for historic resources surveys, historic structure
54
reports, and historic landscape reports (no bricks-and-mortar funding).
www.preservenys.org
Preservation Fund, offered by the National Trust for Historic Preservation, for
preservation planning and educational activities, such as condition reports, feasibility
studies, design guidelines, and workshops (no bricks-and-mortar funding).
www.preservationnation.org
Certified Local Government (CLG) grants, available to municipalities participating in
the CLG program for preservation activities such as survey/nomination of historic
properties, training for preservation commissions, and design guidelines. See No. 5,
below.
See websites for application details, including deadlines, funds available, and contact
information.
4. Develop Programs for Public Education and Awareness of the Value and Treatment of
Historic Resources
Public awareness is an important part of implementing an effective preservation program,
because in order for preservation to be successful, it must have strong support from within the
community. For a variety of reasons, historic resources tend to be taken for granted,
unappreciated, or overlooked. Obtaining public support for community preservation efforts
requires that residents, community leaders and businesspeople understand the value of protecting
historic resources.
The Cortland Downtown Partnership works to enhance the aesthetics and pedestrian friendliness
of the downtown area, and to preserve historic buildings in the city’s commercial core. Through
public events like “Taste of Downtown,” tours, publications, and streetscape improvements, this
organization is providing a good model that could be adapted to other neighborhoods in the city.
The specific methods might be different in a residential neighborhood than in the city’s
commercial district; for example, house tours, distinctive street signs or “toppers” on existing
street signs, and building plaques are common ways to distinguish and celebrate residential
historic districts.
Educational workshops for owners of historic buildings are helpful in disseminating information
about preservation processes and dispelling myths. Workshops can be led by staff from
organizations such as SHPO, the Preservation League of New York State, and local nonprofit
organizations, or by professionals such as architects, planners, craftspeople, and preservation
consultants.
55
Examples of potential workshop topics that may interest building owners include:
State and Federal Tax Credits/Other Funding Sources
Preservation District Basics
Energy Efficiency and Historic Buildings
Evaluating and Repairing Historic Houses (and/or other building types)
Repair of Historic Wood Windows
5. Consider pursuing Certified Local Government Status
The Certified Local Government program (CLG) is a partnership that links a municipality’s
preservation efforts to those at the state and federal level, offering municipalities the benefits of
professional guidance, access to grants, and training opportunities. The following description of
the program is from the New York Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation’s
website:
Historic preservation efforts are strongest when they begin at the local level. CLG
supports and strengthens local preservation activities by assisting communities to
achieve their preservation goals through the development of an action plan. Established
by a 1980 amendment to the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the CLG
program is a nationwide initiative that directly links a community's preservation goals to
state and federal preservation programs. Each State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO)
administers the program through a variety of services designed to help communities
protect, preserve, and celebrate their historic resources. In New York State, the SHPO is
within the NYS Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation.
CLG Program Benefits
Any city, county, town, or village can be a CLG, once the SHPO determines that it
meets state and federal standards. The standards include having enacted appropriate
preservation legislation and appointing a qualified preservation review commission.
After being approved at the state level, applications are forwarded to the National Park
Service for certification. All certified CLGs are eligible to receive a variety of services
from the SHPO, including:
Ongoing, focused support from your SHPO;
Technical preservation assistance and legal advice;
Direct involvement in SHPO programs, such as identifying properties that
may be eligible for listing in the State and National Registers of Historic
Places;
56
Training opportunities that increase the ability of communities to protect
their historic resources and integrate them into short- and long-term planning
initiatives;
Grants designated exclusively for CLG projects; and
Membership in statewide and national CLG networks.
Cortland is not currently a CLG but should explore participation in the program. Specific
benefits for Cortland could include:
Access to grants that would enable nomination of additional districts to the National
Register, additional survey work, design guideline updates, educational outreach, or
other preservation activities
Training for new and experienced Preservation Commission members
Professional review and guidance regarding the commission’s procedures that can
help ensure legal requirements are met
Advice from a network of preservation professionals and colleagues on other
commissions regarding perennially challenging issues such as building public
support, working effectively with applicants, and ensuring consistency in review of
applications
Enhanced public legitimacy, as CLG status is an indication that the municipality’s
preservation program meets state and federal standards.
6. Develop Design Guidelines Specific to Cortland
The Cortland Preservation Commission has compiled a Guideline Reference Book that includes
preservation-related materials collected from a variety of sources. Each commissioner has a
copy, and a copy is available at the library for public use. This book is a valuable and
informative resource for the commission and the public.
The City of Cortland should consider supplementing the Reference Book with customized,
professionally prepared design guidelines specific to Cortland’s historic district(s). To be of
maximum value, these should be made available online.
Design guidelines are an important way to identify and protect those elements of the built
environment that contribute to its historic character. Design guidelines provide developers with
information about the community’s priorities that allow them to tailor their projects so they “fit”
the community. They also give municipal decision-makers a consistent set of standards to use
when reviewing projects. Guidelines should identify existing characteristics that should be
maintained or improved, negative existing situations that should be avoided, and desirable
57
conditions that may be created. Illustrated guidelines are particularly useful in helping people
visualize the characteristics of design that are compatible with a historic setting.
Some topics typically considered in design guidelines include:
Traffic Calming and Streetscape
Sidewalks
Building Form, Scale, and Massing
Principal Façade
Symmetry
Entrance
Fenestration
Storefront
Roof
Trim
Ornamentation
Lighting
Parking
Signs
At least two of the grant programs described above, the CLG program and the National Trust
Preservation Fund, can be used to help defray the cost of professionally prepared design
guidelines.
58
VI. ANNOTATED BUILDING LIST: HISTORIC DISTRICTS
The primary goal of the survey sponsor, Cortland Downtown Partnership, was to identify
potential historic districts. Eight of the following nine areas appear to meet the criteria for
National Register listing as historic districts. The ninth consists of a possible extension to the
Tompkins Street/Main Street Historic District to encompass properties already designated
individually as well as others that appear to meet National Register criteria.
For each potential district, draft boundaries were identified and properties within those
boundaries rated using survey color code definitions provided by the New York State Historic
Preservation Office. Those colors are used as follows:
██
Purple: NR listed.
██
Red: Individually NR eligible because of architectural and/or historic significance.
██
Green: Contributing building if in a district context.
██
Yellow: Diminished integrity but contributing if in a district context.
██
Blue: Not NR eligible and not likely to ever achieve eligibility, usually due to lack of
compatibility with the visual character of the streetscape and/or extensive alterations.
██
Brown: Not eligible due to age only.
59
60
Broadway Avenue Historic District
The proposed Broadway Avenue Historic
District is a cluster of houses around the
intersection of Broadway Avenue and
Warren Street. Although close to the
SUNY Cortland campus now, the
neighborhood predates the university, with
about half the houses built before the
campus moved to its Graham Street site in
1924. It was not until after World War II
that the campus expanded in the direction
of the proposed Broadway Avenue district.
The district is entirely residential,
consisting of single-family houses in styles
typical of the first half of the twentieth
century. While not individually
architecturally distinctive, the buildings are
well-built and have retained substantial
integrity to their period of construction
(circa 1900-1930). Proposed boundary
lines were drawn to encompass the most
intact properties.
61
Address
Contributing/
Noncontributing
Broadway Avenue, West Side
7 Broadway Avenue
Contributing
9 Broadway Avenue
Contributing
11 Broadway Avenue
Contributing
13 Broadway Avenue
Contributing
15 Broadway Avenue
Contributing
17 Broadway Avenue
19 Broadway Avenue
Contributing
Contributing
Notes
American Foursquare with high
integrity.
Deeper setback than other houses on the
street. Integrity compromised but
retains general character.
Alterations to siding and porch diminish
integrity
Unusual 1 ½-story house with Queen
Anne turret and bungalow-like roofline;
built before 1908.
Bungalow, 1915-26; retains form
despite siding replacement
Folk Victorian with good integrity
Porch supports and stair rail replaced;
otherwise good integrity
62
Broadway Avenue Historic District, continued
Contributing/
Address
Noncontributing
21 Broadway Avenue
Contributing
23 Broadway Avenue
25 Broadway Avenue
27 Broadway Avenue
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
29 Broadway Avenue
Contributing
Broadway Avenue, East Side
10 Broadway Avenue
Contributing
12 Broadway Avenue
Contributing
14 Broadway Avenue
16 Broadway Avenue
Contributing
Contributing
Notes
American Foursquare; siding not
original
Colonial Revival
Bungalow
Dutch Colonial; retains general
character
Folk Victorian; retains porch
Good integrity
American Foursquare; retains character
Retains character; siding not original
Craftsman details
63
64
Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Resources Historic District
Railroads were critical to Cortland’s
nineteenth- and early twentieth-century
industrial boom, enabling local
manufacturers to transport their products
around the nation. A notable cluster of
historic resources associated with the
Delaware, Lackawanna & Western
Railroad survives where Central Avenue
meets the railroad tracks. A district
designation would be a mechanism for
having them listed as a group in
recognition of their shared history and
significance. The resources making up
this potential district include those
directly associated with the railroad as
well as a warehouse which, while not
built by the railroad, is clearly associated
with it and is a good surviving example of
its type.
Another way of recognizing these
resources in conjunction with others
associated with Cortland’s railroad
history, notably the two depots of the
Lehigh Valley Railroad on South Avenue,
would be a Multiple Property
Documentation Form, which would
establish a historic context and
designation criteria for the resources and
facilitate the process of listing the
resources individually.
65
Address
Contributing/
Noncontributing
Central Avenue – North Side
92 Central Avenue
Contributing
94-96 Central Avenue
Contributing/
Individually Eligible
East side of Central Avenue
Contributing
Central Avenue – South Side
87-91 Central Avenue
Contributing
East Court Street – North Side
58 East Court Street
Contributing
Notes
DL&W Freight Depot
DL&W Passenger Depot
DL&W Watchman’s Shanty
DL&W Diner
F.H. Cobb Company, c. 1902-15
66
Greater Cortland Company Historic District
The Greater Cortland Company Historic
District is an area of early twentieth-century
single-family housing developed as the city
grew due to the success of its industries. The
neighborhood is centrally located just
southeast of Cortland’s central business
district and north of one of the city’s main
industrial areas along Huntington Street and
South Main Street. Streets are arranged as a
regular grid aligned with the street grid north
of Port Watson Street, which predated this
neighborhood.
The subdivision of the property began after
1911, when the Greater Cortland Company,
formed by local businessmen, secured title to
a nearly 75-acre acre property known as the
Randall Flats and subdivided it into building
lots. Also in 1911, land was donated for the
creation of Randall Park, at the southeast
corner of Randall Street and Church Street.
Most houses in the Greater Cortland
Company subdivision were built between
1915 and 1930 and represent styles and types
common in that era, including Tudor
Revival, Colonial Revival, and Craftsman.
Some properties in the neighborhood were
developed by the Smith-Corona Company,
which was located on Huntington Street. If
designation is pursued, detailed research
should focus on the relationship between this
neighborhood and adjacent industries to
determine how many houses were built
specifically as company housing.
Although the neighborhood as a whole is highly intact, with few houses altered so extensively
that their original character is difficult to discern, few houses retain pristine physical integrity.
67
Aluminum, vinyl, and other artificial siding materials are common; in some parts of the
neighborhood, particularly Cedar and Randall streets, nearly every house has had its original
siding removed or covered by a replacement material. These areas were nevertheless included
due to their historical associations with the neighborhood and because the overall streetscape
remains highly intact.
Contributing/
Noncontributing
Port Watson Street, South Side
55 Port Watson Street
Contributing
Address
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Notes
Retains notable detail despite artificial
siding
Notable example of Craftsman style
Notable example of Tudor Revival style
Artificial siding diminishes integrity, but
porch and other features are intact
68
Greater Cortland Company Historic District, continued
Contributing/
Address
Notes
Noncontributing
Contributing
77-79 Port Watson Street
Contributing
Contributing
Williams Street, North Side
6 Williams Street
Contributing
American Foursquare with good
physical integrity
8-8 ½ Williams Street
Contributing
Porch floor removal and stucco siding
diminish integrity
10 Williams Street
Noncontributing
Removal of porch, replacement siding
detract from character
12 Williams Street
Contributing
Replacement siding; retains general
historic character
14 Williams Street
Contributing
Unusual eclectic house, appears highly
intact
22 Williams Street
Contributing
Craftsman-style house; note exposed
rafter tails and distinctive windows
24 Williams Street
Contributing
Highly intact Craftsman-style bungalow;
good example of its type
26 Williams Street
Contributing
28 Williams Street
Contributing
Dutch Colonial Revival
30 Williams Street
Contributing
Colonial Revival
32 Williams Street
Contributing
Colonial Revival; retains most original
features despite replacement of firststory siding
Williams Street, South Side
7 Williams Street
Marginally contributing Appears to predate most of the
neighborhood. Integrity diminished by
alterations.
9 Williams Street
Contributing
Front porch is not original
11 Williams Street
Contributing
Replacement siding detracts from
integrity
15 Williams Street
Contributing
21 Williams Street
Contributing
Colonial Revival
23 Williams Street
Contributing
Largely intact Craftsman Bungalow
25 Williams Street
Contributing
Retains distinctive bungalow form;
vinyl siding
27 Williams Street
Contributing
Siding is not original
29 Williams Street
Contributing
31 Williams Street
Contributing
Front-gabled American Foursquare;
vinyl siding
69
Contributing/
Address
Notes
Noncontributing
33 Williams Street
Contributing
Retains distinctive Craftsman features
35 Williams Street
Marginally contributing Porch enclosed and dormer altered;
retains distinctive original bungalow
form
Randall Street, North Side
12 Randall Street
Contributing
American Foursquare, stucco
14 Randall Street
Contributing
Bungalow; siding not original
16 Randall Street
Contributing
18 Randall Street
Contributing
20 Randall Street
Contributing
22 Randall Street
Contributing
18-38 Randall Street: These houses are
24 Randall Street
Contributing
altered and marginally contributing, but
26 Randall Street
Contributing
retain the massing and general character
28 Randall Street
Contributing
of their age and style. They are included
in the proposed boundaries mainly to
30 Randall Street
Contributing
avoid a “donut hole” if the school is
32 Randall Street
Contributing
included in the district.
24 Randall Street
Contributing
36 Randall Street
Contributing
38 Randall Street
Contributing
Randall Street, South Side
15 Randall Street
Contributing
Craftsman-style bungalow; high
integrity
17 Randall Street
Contributing
Bungalow; siding and dormer altered
Randall Park
Contributing
Does not retain notable built features but
is historically part of the neighborhood
31 Randall Street (Randall
Contributing
Carl W. Clark; additions do not
Elementary School)
compromise original design
Church Street, West Side
54 Church Street
Contributing
56 Church Street
Contributing
Largely intact Craftsman style bungalow
58 Church Street
Contributing
Siding and porch alterations detract
from integrity
60 Church Street
Contributing
Substantial Colonial Revival
62 Church Street
Contributing
Brick American Foursquare
64 Church Street
Contributing
Craftsman Bungalow; siding replaced
but otherwise retains many distinctive
features
66 Church Street
Contributing
Tudor Revival; one of the best examples
of the style in Cortland
68 Church Street
Noncontributing due to
age
70
Contributing/
Address
Notes
Noncontributing
72 Church Street
Contributing
Bungalow with Craftsman details
74 Church Street
Contributing
Bungalow; siding not original
76 Church Street
Contributing
Bungalow with Craftsman details
78 Church Street
Contributing
Church Street, East Side
53 Church Street
Contributing
55 Church Street
Contributing
Brick Colonial Revival; good integrity
57 Church Street
Contributing; Potentially Only the siding has been altered; retains
individually eligible
notable detail. Impressive example of
the Second Empire style; predates the
rest of the neighborhood.
59 Church Street
Contributing
Symmetrical Colonial Revival with
steeply pitched hipped roof
61 Church Street
Contributing
Highly intact
63 Church Street
Contributing
Unusually large, 2 ½-story bungalow
65 Church Street
Contributing
67 Church Street
Contributing
American Foursquare; enclosed porch
69 Church Street
Contributing
integrity
71 Church Street
Contributing
Distinctive Bungalow
73 Church Street
Contributing
Greenbush Street, West Side
70 Greenbush Street
Contributing
Colonial Revival with Prairie Style
influence
72 Greenbush Street
Contributing
Distinctive stucco Tudor Revival style
house with intact slate roof
74 Greenbush Street
Contributing
Vinyl siding and replacement windows
detract from integrity
78 Greenbush Street
Contributing
Alterations detract from integrity
80 Greenbush Street
Contributing
Unusual gambrel roof; siding detracts
82 Greenbush Street
Contributing
American Foursquare; siding detracts
84 Greenbush Street
Contributing
Colonial Revival
86 Greenbush Street
Contributing
integrity
88 Greenbush Street
Contributing
Bungalow with good integrity
Greenbush Street, East Side
67 Greenbush Street
69 Greenbush Street
Contributing
Siding detracts, but retains distinctive
form
71
Contributing/
Address
Notes
Noncontributing
71 Greenbush Street
Noncontributing
Extensive alterations include siding and
porch
73A Greenbush Street
Contributing
Modest Minimal Traditional house;
possibly noncontributing due to age
73 Greenbush Street
Contributing
75 Greenbush Street
Contributing
Colonial Revival with high integrity
77 Greenbush Street
Contributing
Craftsman; high integrity
79 Greenbush Street
Contributing
Appears older than most houses in the
neighborhood; porch possibly altered
early 20th century
81 Greenbush Street
Contributing
83 Greenbush Street
Contributing
85 Greenbush Street
Contributing
Siding is not original, but note original
window trim and gable detail
87 Greenbush Street
Contributing
Good integrity
89 Greenbush Street
Contributing
Siding and porch alterations detract
from integrity
91 Greenbush Street
Contributing
Craftsman Bungalow; good integrity
93 Greenbush Street
Contributing
Craftsman details
Cedar Street, West Side
1 Cedar Street
Contributing
Colonial Revival; siding and porch
altered
3 Cedar Street
Contributing
American Foursquare
5 Cedar Street
Contributing
original
7 Cedar Street
Contributing
original
9 Cedar Street
Contributing
Enclosed second-story porch not
original
11 Cedar Street
Contributing
American Foursquare with Craftsman
features; good integrity
13 Cedar Street
Contributing
American Foursquare; patterned
shingles on second story
15 Cedar Street
Contributing
original
17 Cedar Street
Contributing
American Foursquare; siding and porch
altered
19 Cedar Street
Contributing
21 Cedar Street
Contributing
23 Cedar Street
Contributing
25 Cedar Street
Contributing
72
Contributing/
Address
Notes
Noncontributing
27 Cedar Street
Contributing
Colonial Revival; siding not original and
porch with metal supports not original
29 Cedar Street
Contributing
Unique and highly intact house featuring
patterned brickwork, stonework detail at
front door and front windows. Possibly
individually eligible.
31 Cedar Street
Contributing
33 Cedar Street
Contributing
American Foursquare, Craftsman style;
high integrity
Cedar Street, East Side
2 Cedar Street
Contributing
Craftsman Bungalow; good integrity
4 Cedar Street
6 Cedar Street
Contributing
Contributing
8 Cedar Street
Contributing
10 Cedar Street
12 Cedar Street
14 Cedar Street
16 Cedar Street
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Noncontributing
18 Cedar Street
20 Cedar Street
Contributing
Contributing
22 Cedar Street
24 Cedar Street
30 Cedar Street
32 Cedar Street
Contributing
age
Contributing
age
Contributing
Craftsman features
Contributing
Siding and porch rail not original
34 Cedar Street
Contributing
26 Cedar Street
28 Cedar Street
original
original
Good integrity
Possibly built later, or extensively
altered
Craftsman features
Colonial Revival; siding and
fenestration alterations detract; possibly
noncontributing
original
73
74
Madison-Jewett-Grace Historic District
The Madison-Jewett-Grace Historic District is
located in the northwest quadrant of the city of
Cortland, between two of Cortland’s early
north-south thoroughfares, Homer Avenue and
North Main Street. The district is largely
residential in character and includes one church
(Living Word Free Methodist Church, 9 Grace
Street). While there are a few relatively highstyle houses, the majority of buildings in the
district are relatively modest examples of latenineteenth and early-twentieth century styles
such as Italianate, Queen Anne and Craftsman.
The oldest houses in the district are located
along Madison Street. The last section of the
district developed was Jewett Avenue east of
Grace Street, which was subdivided circa 1910.
The district once had a public school, located
at what is now the northwest corner of Jewett
Avenue and Grace Street, which was on the
site until at least the late 1920s, after which
houses were built on the former school site.
Street names in the district have changed:
Grace Street was initially known as
Schermerhorn Street, and the west section of
Jewett Avenue was originally called Grace
Street, acquiring the name of Jewett Avenue
when the street was extended east to North
Main Street.
This chronology of development is clearly seen
in the architecture of the district, with
nineteenth-century styles such as Folk
Victorian and Italianate seen on Madison
Street, and notable examples of twentiethcentury styles such as Craftsman and Colonial
Revival on Jewett Avenue.
75
Contributing/
Noncontributing
Address
Madison Street, North Side
26 Madison Street
28 Madison Street
Contributing
Contributing
30 Madison Street
Contributing
32 Madison Street
Noncontributing
34 Madison Street
38 Madison Street
40 Madison Street
42 Madison Street
44 Madison Street
46 Madison Street
48 Madison Street
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing;
Potentially
Contributing
Contributing
50 Madison Street
52 Madison Street
54 Madison Street
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Notes
Queen Anne; retains notable detail
despite artificial siding
Fanciful combination of Italianate form
with Eastlake porch detail
Extensive alterations have obscured
original character
Brick Italianate with intact porch detail
Shingles not original
Brick Italianate with intact porch detail
Replacement siding, but porch appears
original
Vinyl siding not original
76
Madison-Jewett-Grace Historic District, continued
Contributing/
Address
Noncontributing
Madison Street, South Side
25 Madison Street
Contributing
29 Madison Street
Contributing
31 Madison Street
Contributing
33 Madison Street
35 Madison Street
37 Madison Street
Contributing
Contributing
Noncontributing
41 Madison Street
43 Madison Street
Contributing
Contributing
45 Madison Street
Contributing
47 Madison Street
49 Madison Street
Contributing
Contributing;
Potentially
Contributing;
Potentially
51 Madison Street
Jewett Avenue, North Side
4 Jewett Avenue
6 Jewett Avenue
8 Jewett Avenue
10 Jewett Avenue
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
12 Jewett Avenue
Contributing
14 Jewett Avenue
16 Jewett Avenue
Contributing
Marginally
contributing
Contributing
Contributing
18 Jewett Avenue
20 Jewett Avenue
Notes
Well-preserved Folk Victorian
Folk Victorian with Italianate detail;
siding appears early 20th century
Siding not original, but retains many
other features
Various patterned shingles
Some Italianate features; carriage barn
Extensive alterations obscure historic
character
Diminished integrity due to alterations
Retains general character despite siding
replacement
Retains distinctive window and door
detail
Porch altered
Queen Anne; high integrity
Brick Italianate with intact porch
Dutch Colonial with gambrel roof
American Foursquare
Note Craftsman-style shingles,
Palladian window in dormer
Colonial Revival; retains character
Bungalow; extensively modified
American Foursquare
Side-by-side double; porch is not
original. Built c. 1900, predating
development of the street.
77
Madison-Jewett-Grace Historic District, continued
Contributing/
Address
Noncontributing
Jewett Avenue, South Side
5 Jewett Avenue
Marginally
contributing
7 Jewett Avenue
Contributing
9 Jewett Avenue
Contributing
11 Jewett Avenue
13 Jewett Avenue
15 Jewett Avenue
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
17 Jewett Avenue
19 Jewett Avenue
Contributing
Contributing
Homer Avenue, East Side
45 Homer Avenue
Grace Street, West Side
8 Grace Street
10 Grace Street
14 Grace Street
16 Grace Street
Grace Street, East Side
9 Grace Street
9.5-13 Grace Street
15 Grace Street
Notes
Despite artificial siding, retains general
character and some detail
Two-flat double
Craftsman style house with high
integrity
American Foursquare
Craftsman Bungalow; high integrity
Craftsman Bungalow; porch floor
removed
Colonial Revival; replacement siding
Center-entrance Colonial Revival;
replacement siding
Contributing;
Potentially
Highly intact Queen Anne on a corner
lot; well maintained.
Contributing
Marginally
contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Vernacular; retains wood siding
Wood shingle siding and enclosed
porch not original
Contributing
Marginally
contributing
Living Word Free Methodist Church
Extensively altered, but may remain
contributing as it retains characteristic
massing and some details
Contributing
78
North Church Street Historic District
The North Church Street Historic District is a
collection of high-style and vernacular houses
ranging from the mid-nineteenth century
through the early twentieth century,
representing a variety of architectural styles
popular in that time period. From the scale
and sophistication of many of the houses, it is
evident that the block-long North Church
Street, which extends from Clinton Avenue to
Grant Street, was a desirable address. The
street is centrally located near the heart of
Cortland’s commercial and civic core.
District boundaries were drawn to include the
most intact and architecturally significant
properties in the district and exclude those at
the margins that are extensively altered. One
property, the octagon house at 14 North
Church Street, is included as a potentially
contributing building despite alterations that
detract from its integrity, because it is the only
local example of a rare building form. The
district includes one house that is already listed
in the National Register: the William J.
Greenman House at 27 North Church Street is
listed under Criterion C as a substantially
intact example of a Queen Anne-style house
based on a design from American Homes
magazine.
All 21 primary buildings in the district are
contributing. There are also several
contributing outbuildings such as carriage
houses and early garages, which were not
counted for this survey.
79
Contributing/
Noncontributing
North Church Street, West Side
Marginally
contributing
Address
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Notes
Octagon house. Alterations are
extensive but may remain contributing
due to rarity of octagon form. Built in
1855 for farmer William Burnham.
Folk Victorian with unusual double
porch
Well-preserved Queen Anne with
notable detailing
Gable-and-wing house with Gothic
Revival bargeboard trim (likely not
original). 1848 date on plaque.
Note stick-style detailing on this
otherwise simple house
Note Italianate bracket detail at eaves;
shingle siding is not original.
Unusual side-by-side double with
Craftsman influences
80
North Church Street Historic District, continued
Contributing/
Address
Noncontributing
Contributing
34-34 ½ North Church
Contributing
Street
Contributing
North Church Street, East Side
Contributing
Contributing
17-21 North Church Street
Contributing
Marginally
contributing
Individually listed;
contributing
Marginally
contributing
31-33 North Church Street
Marginally
contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Church Place (extends east from N. Church Street)
1 (?) Church Place
Contributing
Notes
integrity especially around the
windows, but house retains overall
Greek Revival character.
Imposing Queen Anne
Modest and largely intact
Brick vernacular house, front gable &
side-wing plan. Notable features
include slate roof and carriage barn
Well-preserved Queen Anne with
notable detailing
Hip-roofed, side-by-side double
Vernacular gable-and-wing plan;
replacement windows, vinyl siding,
and replacement porch detract from
integrity
William J. Greenman House, 1896,
individually listed in the National
Register for its architectural
significance
Greek Revival cornice; porch, shingle
siding, windows not original
Side-by-side double; windows and
siding replaced
Queen Anne
Hybrid Greek Revival/Tudor Revival?
Craftsman-style house; appears highly
intact
81
82
North Main/East Main Historic District
While many of Cortland’s elite families
settled along Tompkins Street, some of the
city’s prosperous families built their elegant
houses at and around the Y-shaped junction
of North Main and East Main streets. This
area features a continuum of housing
including examples of early nineteenthcentury Greek Revival, mid-nineteenth
century Italianate, and turn-of-the-twentiethcentury Queen Anne. The proposed district
includes a notable grouping of highly intact,
elaborately detailed Queen Anne-style
houses from the 1880s-1890s on the east side
of North Main Street; several of these are
individually eligible and could be nominated
to the National Register either individually
or as a group.
District lines are drawn based largely on
integrity, and include a small cluster of
houses on Grant Street that may more
appropriately be grouped with the North
Church Street Historic District. Intensivelevel survey would be helpful to define
boundaries more clearly based on historic
patterns of development.
83
Address
Contributing/
Noncontributing
North Main Street, West Side
84 North Main Street
Contributing/Individua
lly Eligible
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing/Individua
lly Eligible
Notes
Distinctive brick Italianate. Built in
1834 and later remodeled, it served as
the city’s second hospital from 1895 to
1911. It was used as a private
sanitarium from 1913 to 1951, then as
a medical office building.
Substantial brick American
Foursquare
Queen Anne; contributing despite
alterations to siding and windows
One of Cortland’s oldest surviving
houses; Greek Revival retaining
outstanding integrity. Home of
Horace Dibble, c. 1833.
84
North Main / East Main Historic District, continued
Contributing/
Address
Noncontributing
North Main Street, East Side
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing/Individually
Eligible
Eligible
Eligible
Eligible
East Main Street, North Side
2 East Main Street
Contributing
4 East Main Street
Contributing
6 East Main Street
Contributing
East Main Street, South Side
3 East Main Street
Contributing
5 East Main Street
7 East Main Street
9 East Main Street
11 East Main Street
13 East Main Street
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
15 East Main Street
Contributing
Notes
Porches not original; otherwise
retains notable detail and materials
Substantial Queen Anne; high
integrity
Substantial Queen Anne; excellent
integrity
Notable Queen Anne; integrity is
pristine
Notable Queen Anne; unusual detail.
High integrity.
Alexander Mahan House, 1880, built
from a patternbook design by
architects Lamb & Wheeler.
Architecturally inventive and
integrity is excellent.
Notable Queen Anne; note the
variety of windows, wall textures,
and shapes in this elaborately
detailed design. Excellent integrity.
Queen Anne; high integrity
Replacement siding detracts, but
retains notable detail
Porch altered; otherwise good
integrity
Porch rail not original
Brick Queen Anne
Porch rail and steps not original;
integrity otherwise good
85
North Main / East Main Historic District, continued
Contributing/
Address
Noncontributing
Grant Street, North Side
10 Grant Street
Noncontributing
Notes
Noncontributing due to extensive
alterations
Contributing/Individuall Brick Second Empire; retains notable
y Eligible
detail including polychrome patterned
slate roof
Contributing
Italianate; retains form and
considerable detail; wood shingle
siding not original
Marginally contributing Italianate; replacement siding and
porch alterations detract, but retains
characteristic form and massing.
Could be eliminated from district.
14 Grant Street
18 Grant Street
22 Grant Street
Grant Street, South Side
17 Grant Street
Contributing
21-23 Grant Street
Contributing
Folk Victorian; porch stair and one
porch support missing, but otherwise
integrity is good
Greek Revival. Missing porch, but
retains wood siding, gable returns;
note cobblestone foundation.
86
Otter Creek Place Historic District
The Otter Creek Place Historic District
consists of just four houses, all similar in
style and materials. They were built by
Beers and Warfield, a local building
supply company; the Warfield family
lived in No. 2. These houses were
presumably constructed to display the
range of products the company could
produce and to demonstrate their creative
use. An advertisement for the company in
the 1908 Manning’s Cortland, Homer and
McGraw (Cortland County, New York)
Directory described Beers & Warfield as
“Contractors and Builders… Dealers and
Jobbers in Masons’ Supplies,” including a
variety of wood, cement, and stone
products. Their offices were located at 87
and 89 Groton Avenue as of 1908. The
houses at 4, 6, and 8 were built between
1908 and 1915, and No. 2 was built
between 1915 and 1926.
All four houses, not surprisingly, feature
masonry, including brick and formed
concrete blocks; the house at No. 2 Otter
Creek Place is faced in stucco (original).
No. 8 is the only one that has been altered
on the exterior, having lost its original
porch; the others retain high integrity and
form a unique cluster in the city of
Cortland.
87
Address
Contributing/
Noncontributing
Otter Creek Place, South Side
2 Otter Creek Place
Contributing
4 Otter Creek Place
Contributing
6 Otter Creek Place
Contributing
8 Otter Creek Place
Contributing
Notes
Stucco with brick quoins
Bungalow; note fanciful masonry porch
and textured brick walls
Concrete block walls in a variety of
textures
Brick; porch is not original and detracts
somewhat from integrity
88
West Court Street Historic District
The proposed West Court Street Historic
District encompasses much of the area
between the earliest buildings of the present
SUNY Cortland Campus, on the west, and
Main Street, on the east. The draft east district
boundary is roughly aligned with the west
boundary of the Tompkins-Main district. The
district is entirely residential.
The development of the district was irregular.
The north side of West Court Street, east end
of Clayton Avenue, and Monroe Heights were
lined with houses by the 1880s; the elegant
Queen Anne-style mansions on Prospect
Terrace were built in the 1880s-90s. The
south side of West Court Street was the last
section of the neighborhood to develop, as it
was part of the large Randall property and was
not subdivided until the late 1910s. This
sequence of development is clearly seen in the
architecture of the neighborhood.
The rapid pace of development starting in the
late 1910s is undoubtedly linked to the move
of the State Normal School (SUNY Cortland
today) to its present site. The neighborhood
between the campus and the central business
district naturally became a desirable
residential location. In addition, when George
Brockway, founder of Brockway Motors and a
major philanthropist, moved to 19 West Court
Street in 1918, he encouraged other executives
from his company to do the same, ensuring
West Court Street became a fashionable
section of the city in the decades before World
War II.
89
In recent years many houses in the
neighborhood have been converted to
apartments, in some cases retaining their
historic character. The draft boundary line
does not take into account use and is based
solely on architectural character and integrity.
90
Address
Contributing/
Noncontributing
West Court Street, North Side
26 West Court Street
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Noncontributing due
to age
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Notes
1919; bungalow, built for Clara Jewett,
wife of Alden M. Jewett, by E.W.
Stillwell, a prolific California architect
who published many pattern books,
some focused on the bungalow form.
Alden and Clara’s daughter Helen
Jewett and her husband, A.W.
McAleer, built an Asian garden on the
east side beginning in 1935. This
house replaced the notable Judge A.P.
Smith House.
Colonial Revival; good integrity
Folk Victorian with incompatible attic
addition
Queen Anne; home of Clayton R. Lusk
(1872-1959), a New York State
Senator. Served as both majority and
minority leader during his three terms.
Tudor and Craftsman features; note
flared dormers
Colonial Revival form with Tudor
detail
Tudor and Craftsman features
No building on the lot
Craftsman; contributing despite
incompatible siding
Contributing despite replacement siding
Mid-20th century interpretation of
Colonial Revival
91
West Court Street Historic District, continued
Contributing/
Address
Noncontributing
62-64 West Court Street
Contributing
West Court Street, South Side
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Notes
Unusual version of Colonial Revival
with two-story pilasters, shiplap
siding, first-story oculus, Federalstyle door surround
Home of George Brockway,
(Brockway Motor Truck
Corporation); built in 1918. Prairie
Style influences, although eave
brackets are more similar to Colonial
Revival or Italianate style. Front
porch columns do not appear original.
Stucco Colonial Revival/Prairie
influence
Similar to the Brockway House at
#19
Designed and built by Rodman Reed,
of Brockway Truck Co., 1928.
This house was moved from 29
Tompkins Street to this location in
1910. Contributing despite
alterations.
Craftsman style
Colonial Revival
Tudor Revival; high integrity; retains
slate roof
Colonial Revival
Tudor Revival; very good example;
retains slate roof
92
Contributing/
Address
Noncontributing
Clayton Avenue, North Side
28 Clayton Avenue
Contributing
30 Clayton Avenue
32 Clayton Avenue
Marginally contributing
Contributing
36 Clayton Avenue
40 Clayton Avenue
Contributing
Contributing
44 Clayton Avenue
Contributing
46 Clayton Avenue
Contributing
48 Clayton Avenue
age
age
Contributing
50 Clayton Avenue
52 Clayton Avenue
Clayton Avenue, South Side
23 Clayton Avenue
Contributing
25 Clayton Avenue
27 Clayton Avenue
Contributing
29 Clayton Avenue
Contributing
31 Clayton Avenue
33 Clayton Avenue
Contributing
Contributing
35 Clayton Avenue
37 Clayton Avenue
Contributing
Contributing
Notes
Late 19th-century vernacular house
retains notable Eastlake porch trim,
patterned shingles in gable
Bungalow; siding and porch altered
Late 19th-century vernacular with
Queen Anne porch trim; porch
rail/skirt not original
Siding not original
Contributing despite incompatible
siding. Note concrete block porch
posts.
First-story siding not original;
Craftsman patterned siding at second
story
Contributing despite incompatible
siding
Colonial Revival
Brick Queen Anne; retains notable
detail
Has lost detail, but retains some
characteristics of Italianate style
Retains distinctive features,
particularly gable details and porch
Siding not original; has lost one front
window
Siding, front door, porch rail not
original and diminish integrity.
Historically significant as the city’s
first hospital, from 1891 to 1895.
Siding detracts from integrity
93
Contributing/
Address
Noncontributing
39 Clayton Avenue
Contributing
41 Clayton Avenue
43 Clayton Avenue
47 Clayton Avenue
49 Clayton Avenue
53 Clayton Avenue
55 Clayton Avenue
57 Clayton Avenue
59 Clayton Avenue
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
alterations
incompatible character
Prospect Terrace, North Side
9 Prospect Terrace
Contributing
15-19 Prospect Terrace
Contributing
21 Prospect Terrace
Contributing
25 Prospect Terrace
age/alterations
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
31 Prospect Terrace
37 Prospect Terrace
39 Prospect Terrace
Prospect Terrace, South Side
40 Prospect Terrace
Contributing
Stevenson Street, East Side
20 Stevenson Street
Contributing
22 Stevenson Street
Contributing
24 Stevenson Street
Contributing
Pleasant Street, West Side
26-28 Pleasant Street
Contributing
30 Pleasant Street
Contributing
32 Pleasant Street
Contributing
34 Pleasant Street
Contributing
Pleasant Street, East Side
27-29 Pleasant Street
Contributing
31 Pleasant Street
Contributing
33 Pleasant Street
alterations
Notes
Many distinctive features including
gambrel roof, cutaway corner,
decorative muntins, oval oculus
Bungalow with good integrity
Entry not original
Retains general massing but siding
detracts, porch appears altered
Spectacular Queen Anne
Porch alterations detract from
integrity
Italianate; high integrity
Queen Anne
Colonial Revival
Second Empire on wedge-shaped lot
Cape Cod form
Colonial Revival
Tudor Revival
Replacement siding detracts
Craftsman; good integrity
Projecting entry vestibule not original
94
Contributing/
Address
Noncontributing
Hill Street, West Side
9-11 Hill Street
Contributing
Hill Street, East Side
4 Hill Street
Contributing
8 Hill Street
alterations
10 Hill Street
Contributing
12 Hill Street
Contributing
Monroe Heights, East Side
15 Monroe Heights
Contributing
Notes
Note distinctive porch railing
1 ½-story Queen Anne cottage
95
96
Possible Expansion of Tompkins Street/Main Street Historic District
The National Register listed and locally
designated Tompkins Street/Main Street
Historic District encompasses the commercial
core and most elegant residential area in the
city of Cortland. The Tompkins Street
portion of the district was listed in the
National Register in 1975, and expanded to
include the Main Street commercial area in
1982. As part of this study, existing district
boundaries were reviewed to see if any areas
should be added to or removed from the
district, as the passage of time can lead to
changes in the eligibility status of buildings in
and adjacent to districts.
The district could be expanded to encompass
a commercial strip on Court Street that was
omitted from the district, including the former
YMCA and Franklin Hatch Library; and
continue east to bring the Court House
(already listed), former High School, and
surrounding civic and residential and
religious buildings into the district.
Expanding the district to include these
properties would acknowledge the central
importance of the city’s civic core to the
growth and economy of Cortland. Four
churches are also included in the proposed
expansion of the district, including two of the
four churches located in a two-block stretch
of Church Street (of the other two, the
Unitarian Universalist Church is already
designated, and the Congregationalist Church is individually eligible; both are near the proposed
district expansion but cannot be brought into the district without adding multiple properties that
would not contribute to the district).
The question of whether to include City Hall could be somewhat controversial. The building
was constructed in 1968 and is more modern in character than is typical in the district; it is,
97
however, a good example of the architecture of its period and is now nearly 50 years old. The
boundary could be drawn either to include or exclude it.
The list below includes buildings that could be considered for addition to the district. Amending
a district can be a complicated process and should be discussed carefully with SHPO
representatives to see whether it is an appropriate approach for any of these properties.
The red line represents the existing district boundary; gray line represents possible expansion.
98
Contributing/
Noncontributing
Address
Notes
Central Avenue, North Side
60 Central Avenue
Contributing
Former High School, converted to
county offices. Significant axial
relationship to the County Court House,
which is individually listed in the
National Register.
Central Avenue, South Side
63 Central Avenue
65 Central Avenue
Contributing
Contributing
Note gable window
Replacement siding detracts, but
spectacular detail remains
67 Central Avenue
Church Street, West Side
16 Church Street
18 Church Street
Church Street, East Side
19 Church Street
25 Church Street
Contributing
Contributing
Contributing
Somewhat isolated between a parking
lot to the south that is inside the district
boundary and a modern hotel to the
north.
Contributing
Former First Baptist Church, later
United Community Church; now used
as performance space
First Presbyterian Church
37 Church Street
Contributing/Individu
ally Eligible
Noncontributing
39 Church Street
Contributing
41 Church Street
Contributing
45 Church Street
Contributing
Greenbush Street, West Side
38 Greenbush Street
Contributing
40 Greenbush Street
42 Greenbush Street
Contributing
Contributing
56 Greenbush Street
Contributing
Greenbush Street, East Side
41 Greenbush Street
Contributing
45 Greenbush Street
Contributing
Noncontributing due to age and lack of
architectural distinction
Integrity compromised, but retains
overall character
Unusual gambrel-roofed form
Queen Anne; integrity is very good
Second Empire; distinctive. Some
integrity issues.
Porch has been altered
Appears on 1884 Sanborn Map; may be
considerably older
Built as County Jail in early 1920s;
now Public Safety Building
Queen Anne; double porch
Italianate; retains notable detailing
99
Tompkins Street / Main Street District Expansion, continued
Contributing/
Address
Notes
Noncontributing
49 Greenbush Street
Contributing
Currently Mosaic Church, formerly
First Church of Christ Scientist; this
was a Second Empire-style house,
remodeled for the church in 1941
Court Street, North Side
8-10 Court Street
12-16 Court Street
Contributing
Early 20th-century commercial
building
20 Court Street
Contributing
Circa 1900; built as house, later
doctor’s office
22 Court Street
Contributing
Built as YMCA in 1915; now
apartments
24 Court Street
Contributing;
Franklin Hatch Public Library, 1886,
Potentially individually now commercial
eligible
26-28 Court Street
Contributing
Circa 1930, built for auto
sales/service.
Court Street, South Side
13 Court Street
Contributing/Individua Grace Episcopal Church
lly Eligible
21 Court Street
Individually Listed
Cortland Fire Headquarters
25 Court Street
Contributing (?)
City Hall, 1968.
100
VI. ANNOTATED BUILDING LIST: INDIVIDUAL PROPERTIES
The following annotated list contains properties in the survey area with the highest degree of
historical and/or architectural significance, and therefore the highest potential for individual
National Register listing. Official determinations of National Register eligibility are made by the
New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation.
Most properties on this list appear to meet the criteria for individual National Register listing in
terms of age, physical integrity, and significance. For more information on National Register
criteria used to evaluate properties for the survey, see the Guidelines and Selection Criteria
section in Section I, Introduction and Methodology.
This list includes a few properties that may not meet National Register criteria for individual
designation, but still appear to qualify for local landmark designation, a status conferred by
Cortland’s Preservation Commission. According to Cortland’s preservation ordinance, the
criteria for designation are that the property must “have a character of special historic or
aesthetic interest or value as determined by the Planning Commission; or… represent one or
more eras in the history of the City, region or nation.” The distinction between local and
National Register designation is explained in Section IV, Recommendations.
The following properties are already listed in the National Register and therefore are not
included in the Annotated List:
Cortland County Courthouse
Cortland Fire Headquarters
Cortland Free Library
Unitarian Universalist Church
U.S. Post Office
William J. Greenman House
Ratings Key:
I:
Potentially Individually Significant Resource. This property has extremely high
architectural and/or historical significance and is potentially eligible for National Register
listing based on observable architectural features, historic integrity, and historic
associations. Individually eligible properties that are also in potential historic districts are
included with the district descriptions in Section V and are not in this list.
U:
Undetermined Eligibility. A few properties appear on this list because they have aboveaverage architectural and/or historical significance but may not meet National Register
criteria for individual listing. Additional research may establish National Register
101
eligibility. Even if not eligible for the National Register these may warrant local
designation.
102
ADDRESS:
12 ARTHUR AVENUE
DATE OF CONSTRUCTION:
c. 1875-1890
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story frame Stick Style house; complex
roofline with prominent front-facing gable.
Features notable details characteristic of the
style, including flat stickwork, decorative
trusses at roof and two side porch gables, and
decorated bargeboard. Design appears
identical to the house at 144 Tompkins Street
(see below).
SIGNIFICANCE:
Significant under Criterion C as a highly
intact example of the Stick Style, a relatively
uncommon style.
ADDRESS:
53 BROADWAY AVENUE
(CORTLAND WATER
WORKS)
c. 1910-1930
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
One story, Gothic Revival-style building,
clad in brick with stone voussoirs at Tudorarched entrance. Stepped parapet; roof
appears flat.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Significant under Criterion A for its
association with Cortland’s municipal water
supply, and Criterion C as a highly intact
example of Gothic Revival-style civic
architecture. The surrounding grounds have
long functioned as a public park. This site’s
association with the city’s water supply
began when the Cortland Water Works
Company was formed as a private company
in 1884. The city purchased the company
and site in 1910.
103
ADDRESS:
79 CENTRAL AVENUE
(H.F. BENTON HOUSE)
C. 1865-1875
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two and one-half story brick
Italianate/Italian Villa-style house with a
prominent front tower, patterned slate
mansard roof, and intact detail including
window surrounds, brackets, and bay
windows. First-story tower window hood
with drops is notable. Original entry hood is
missing, but otherwise integrity is high
despite deterioration.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Significant under Criterion C for its
architecture, which is largely intact,
including slate roof and most decorative
detail. May also meet Criterion B for its
association with H.F. Benton, owner of
Benton Lumber Co., which was then located
next door. An illustration of the house
appears in 1876 Atlas of Cortland County.
ADDRESS:
19 CHARLES STREET
c. 1880-1900
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story frame Queen Anne-style house
with front gabled roof, side gable. Fullwidth front porch with turned spindles and
decorative brackets; rail is not original.
Prominent closed front gable with decorative
patterned shingles and paired round-arched
windows. Some cutaway corners.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Significant under Criterion C as an inventive
and substantially intact example of Queen
Anne-style architecture.
104
ADDRESS:
47 CHARLES STREET
c. 1880-1900
SIGNIFCANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story frame house with front-facing
gable roof, cross gables, and clapboard
siding. Nearly full-width, delicately
proportioned Queen Anne-style front porch
with smaller second-story porch above the
off-center entrance.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Significant under Criterion C as an unusual
and highly intact example of late nineteenthcentury domestic architecture.
ADDRESS:
4 CHURCH STREET
1892-1897
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story frame Queen-Anne style house
with complex roofline, full-width front
porch, and polygonal front turret. Details
include pediment over porch entry with
decorative relief; window surrounds; side
oriel window; patterned shingles in gables
and in a band below second-story windows.
SIGNIFICANCE:
intact example of Queen Anne-style
domestic architecture.
105
ADDRESS:
65 EAST COURT STREET
1880
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Three-story, flat-roofed brick industrial
building with T-shaped footprint. Visually
divided into bays by flat brick pilasters.
Segmentally arched window openings; some
original wood windows survive. Secondand third-story windows on west end have
relief decoration between window heads and
brick lintels.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Built in 1880 as part of the rapid expansion
of the Cortland Wagon Company; later home
to the Cortland Corset Company. Significant
under Criterion A for its association with one
of Cortland’s most prominent nineteenthcentury industrial operations, and under
Criterion C as a rare surviving example of
nineteenth-century industrial architecture in
Cortland.
ADDRESS:
16 CRAWFORD STREET
1915
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Three and one-half story brick industrial
building with rectangular footprint; stepped
parapets at gable ends.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Although integrity is compromised, the
building may remain individually eligible
under Criterion A, for its association with
Cortland’s significant industrial history, and
Criterion C, as a rare surviving industrial
building. First appears on the 1915 Sanborn
map, with notation “To Be Cortland
Compound Co.”
106
ADDRESS:
10 ELM STREET
(FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH)
1883
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Eclectic church building set on irregularly
shaped corner lot. Complex roofline, circular
corner tower, varied window shapes
including arched stained-glass windows
(some windows covered). Brick and
patterned wood shingles are primary exterior
materials.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Significant under Criterion C for its unique
architecture, which retains high integrity
although the building is vacant. Known as
the United Church of Christ from 1968 until
1980, when congregation merged with that of
the First Baptist Church and became the
United Community Church.
ADDRESS:
192 GROTON AVENUE
c. 1820
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
One and one-half story, frame Greek
Revival-style house. Main section has a lowpitched front-gabled roof with returns;
asymmetrical window openings; off-center
entrance with simple surround. One-story
side wing has side-gabled roof, simple porch
columns across full-width porch, central
entry flanked by nearly floor-to-ceiling
windows.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Significant under Criterion A, as a rare
surviving house associated with Cortland’s
settlement era; and under Criterion C, as a
rare example of Greek Revival-style
architecture in the city. Historic photographs
indicate exterior retains high integrity. Built
c. 1820 by Israel Van Hoesen.
107
ADDRESS:
25 HOMER AVENUE
(SUGGET HOUSE)
1882
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story frame Italianate-style house; lowpitched hipped roof; recessed two-story side
wing with Italianate front porch; retains
many distinctive Italianate details including
door surround and hood, decorative lintels,
brackets, and two-story side bay window.
High integrity.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Built by James Suggett in 1882; incorporates
an earlier building. Significant under
Criterion C as an excellent and highly intact
example of the Italianate style. Now used as
the home of the Cortland Historical Society,
including the Suggett House Museum; the
society’s research library is housed in a
modern rear addition that does not detract
from the original house.
ADDRESS:
26 HOMER AVENUE
c. 1880-1895
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two and one-half story frame Queen AnneStyle residence with clapboard siding;
shaped shingles in gables. Irregular roofline
featuring prominent front gable with nested
gable over a projecting polygonal bay.
Corner porch with semi-conical roof.
Although the house appears to be missing a
front porch, the 1902 Sanborn map shows
only a corner porch in the current
configuration, and no front porch.
SIGNIFICANCE:
intact example of Queen Anne-style
residential architecture.
108
ADDRESS:
30 HOMER AVENUE
(HOMER AVE.
METHODIST CHURCH)
1915
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Brick Late Gothic Revival-style church with
square corner steeple. Two-story arched
stained-glass windows on east and south
sides. Three primary entrances, each in a
projecting brick vestibule with arched
opening. One-story wing to the west is
compatible in material and detail to the
primary worship building.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Significant under Criterion C as an example
of early twentieth-century Gothic Revival
religious architecture.
ADDRESS:
129 HOMER AVENUE
c. 1880-1900
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story frame house; steeply pitched,
hipped roof with front cross-gable. The
house is simply composed and detailed, with
the exception of a full-width front porch with
turned posts, spindlework, and brackets.
Wood shingle siding; patterned shingles in
closed gable. Property includes a notable
carriage barn. High integrity.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Significant under Criterion A as a highly
intact example of a relatively simple house
with an elaborate Queen Anne-style porch.
109
ADDRESS:
28 HUBBARD STREET
c. 1865-1880
SIGNIFICANCE: U
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story brick Italianate-style house with
projecting polygonal bay, front porch hood
and side porch with Italianate detailing,
prominent roof brackets. Roof appears flat.
SIGNIFICANCE:
May be eligible under Criterion C as a good
example of the Italianate style. Note close
relationship with 29 Hubbard Street, across
the street.
ADDRESS:
29 HUBBARD STREET
c. 1865-1880
SIGNIFICANCE: U
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story brick Italianate-style house with
full-width, polygonal front porch; polygonal
projecting bay; arched window hoods and
Italianate roof brackets. Roof appears flat.
Historic Sanborn maps show the footprints of
28 and 29 were originally mirror images of
one another. 29 originally did not have its
current full-width porch but instead had a
side porch and front entry stoop or small
porch similar to what is seen now at 28. The
most recent Sanborn map available, updated
in 1946, still shows no full-width porch on
the house.
SIGNIFICANCE:
May be eligible under Criterion C as a good
example of the Italianate style. Note close
relationship with 28 Hubbard Street, across
the street.
110
ADDRESS:
117 MADISON STREET
(TEMPLE BRITH
SHOLOM)
1969
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
One-story, mostly flat-roofed brick
synagogue; Madison Street (north) and
Hamlin Street (west) sides are simply
composed with regularly spaced, fixed
square and rectangular windows. Entrance at
northeast corner is marked by freestanding
menorah sculpture and a variety of rooflines;
entrance to the building is via a courtyard.
SIGNIFICANCE:
The synagogue is not yet 50 years old, but
may be eligible now or when it achieves 50
years as a notable example of modern
architecture, and as the work of Walter
Seligmann, former dean of the Syracuse
University School of Architect and an
influential designer in central New York.
The design is interior-oriented and not easily
appreciated from the street. This building
was featured in American Synagogues: A
Century of Architecture and Jewish
Community by Samuel D. Gruber (2003).
ADDRESS:
53 NORTH MAIN STREET
c. 1840-1860
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story frame Greek Revival-style house
with front-facing gable roof, clapboard
siding. Victorian-era gazebo is a
contributing feature. The roof pitch is
steeper than is typical of the Greek Revival
style and may suggest a later construction
date or alteration to raise the roofline.
SIGNIFICANCE:
intact example of Greek Revival-style
residential architecture.
111
ADDRESS:
48 AND 59-63 NORTH
MAIN STREET (ST.
MARY’S CHURCH
CAMPUS)
1891 (Rectory)
1913 (Church)
1928 (School)
1930 (Convent/Parish Center)
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
The St. Mary’s Parish campus includes the
Gothic Revival church (1913), designed by
W. P. Ginther, built of Sandusky gray
limestone with Cleveland sandstone trim; the
brick Rectory (1891), with notable corner
turret and patterned brickwork; the crossshaped school (1928), and the convent/parish
center (1930), designed by A.T. Lacey & Son
of Binghamton. All four buildings are
located on North Main Street, with the
church and rectory on the west side of the
street and the church and convent on the east
side, to the north. All buildings retain high
integrity and read as a group despite
alterations to the school’s windows.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Significant under Criterion C, as an
architecturally significant grouping and a
rare example of a complete Catholic campus.
The present church was the third Roman
Catholic church built in Cortland. The
congregation, historically known as St.
Mary’s of the Vale, was made up largely of
Cortland’s Irish and Irish-American
population. Prior to construction of the
present church building, the church was
located on the current site of the school and
convent; upon completion of the present
church in 1913, the former church was used
as a Parish Hall until the mid-1920s.
112
ADDRESS:
122 NORTH MAIN
STREET
c. 1880-1890
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story brick house; gable-and-side-wing
plan with stacked two-story porch inset into
L. Exposed rock-faced stone foundation;
patterned brickwork forms decorative bands
at first- and second-story sill lines.
Projecting brick segmental arched hoods.
Gable features patterned brickwork flanking
paired windows with decorative muntin
patterns topped by arched panel with incised
floral motif; decorative bargeboard. Twostory porch has fluted columns at first and
second stories.
SIGNIFICANCE:
and highly intact example of Queen Annestyle architecture expressed in brick.
ADDRESS:
51 WEST MAIN STREET
c. 1905-1920
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
One and one-half story frame bungalow with
dramatic side-gabled roof, full-width front
porch supported by broad, tapered columns;
Craftsman-patterned wood shingle siding.
Wood double-hung windows, many with
distinctive Craftsman pattern of vertical
muntins in upper sash and single pane in
lower sash.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Significant under Criterion C as a distinctive
and highly intact example of a Craftsmanstyle bungalow. Retains exceptional detail
including original windows and wood storm
windows.
113
ADDRESS:
66 MAPLE AVENUE
1888
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story frame Queen Anne-style residence
with steeply pitched, hipped roof, front and
side-cross gables, full-width front porch with
off-center entry. Property includes a carriage
house.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Significant under Criterion C as a good
example of Queen Anne-style architecture
with high integrity.
ADDRESS:
32 MILLER STREET
c. 1902-1906
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story, gable-roofed concrete block
industrial building with stepped parapet.
Rectangular footprint.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Significant under Criterion C, as Cortland’s
first concrete block building, and under
Criterion A, as a rare surviving example of
industrial architecture in Cortland. The
building was constructed for the Gillette
Skirt Company between 1902 and 1906.
Although windows are covered, it retains
distinctive features including its stepped
parapet and rock-faced concrete block
exterior walls.
114
ADDRESS:
84 OWEGO STREET
(LVRR ROUNDHOUSE)
c. 1871-1892
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
One-story brick roundhouse; C-shaped
footprint; divided into bays by flat wall piers.
Integrity diminished, but retains distinctive
shape and characteristic features.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Significant under Criterion A, for its
association with Cortland’s railroad history,
and Criterion C, for its architecture. This
building functioned as a roundhouse for the
adjacent Lehigh Valley railroad line. This
line began running in 1871 and was
reorganized under various names before
being purchased by the Lehigh Valley in
1896. The roundhouse predates the Lehigh
Valley purchase, as it appears on the 1892
Sanborn map, but the site is not included on
the 1884 Sanborn map so it is unclear
whether the building was there at that time.
The 1876 Atlas Map of Cortland County
shows the property owned by the railroad,
but it is unclear whether the building existed.
ADDRESS:
104 OWEGO STREET
c. 1875-1895
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story frame Queen Anne-style house
with front-gabled roof, cross-gable.
Clapboard siding with patterned shingles in
gable. Partial-width porch set into L
featuring turned posts and decorative
brackets. Façade has some flat stickwork at
sill and lintel lines and band of square panels
above second-story windows. Side gable
wing has inset second-story porch atop
polygonal projecting bay.
SIGNIFICANCE:
intact and sophisticated example of the
Queen Anne style, notable for its variety of
decorative detail.
115
ADDRESS:
28-34 PORT WATSON
STREET (IMPERIAL “400”
MOTEL)
1964-65
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
L-shaped, two-story motel complex; front
block features “gull-wing” roof, patterned
concrete block screen, and flat-roofed portecochere supported by slender metal columns.
L-shaped rear wing consists of banks of
motel rooms, each with single door and
tripartite window.
Vintage photo of an Imperial “400” Motel in Cedar City, Utah, built to
the same design as the motel in Cortland.
SIGNIFICANCE:
The Imperial “400” Motel is significant
under Criteria A and C as an unusually intact
example of the standard corporate design of
the Imperial “400” chain, by architects
Palmer & Krisel. The Imperial “400” Motel
chain was established in California in 1960;
when this branch opened in 1965 there were
108 in the country and the company was the
fourth biggest motel chain in the nation. The
national company filed for Chapter 11
bankruptcy later in 1965; efforts by the
company to sell this property to the Cortland
Housing Authority for conversion to senior
housing starting in 1967 fell through and it
remained part of the chain until at least 1978.
The company was sold to a Luxembourgbased corporation in 1987 and later
dissolved. It is unknown when the Cortland
motel ceased being part of the national chain;
today it is an independently operated motel
known as the “Imperial Motel.” This
building remains highly intact to the original
design and may be one of the most intact
remaining in the country. Of the original
components of its design, the Cortland motel
is missing only its pool. As such it is a rare
example not only of the Imperial “400”
design, but of an intact motel from the postWorld War II era of expanded automobile
travel and standardized chain designs.
116
ADDRESS:
111 PORT WATSON
STREET (BREWERTITCHENER)
c. 1915-1926
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story, flat-roofed early twentiethcentury office building. Symmetrical façade
with central entrance, accentuated by twostory pilasters that visually support lintel-like
cornice bearing the company name; entry
flanked by three bays of triple windows.
SIGNIFICANCE:
association with a significant local industry.
Built to house offices of the BrewerTitchener Corporation, formed in 1917 from
a merger of Cortland Carriage Goods (est.
1890) and two other companies. Once part
of a large industrial complex, this is a rare
surviving building associated with Cortland’s
industrial heritage that retains high integrity.
ADDRESS:
113-115 PORT WATSON
STREET (CORTLAND
CARRIAGE GOODS
MACHINE SHOP)
c. 1902-1908
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story brick industrial building with
irregular wedge-shaped footprint.
Architecturally modest with segmentally
arched windows, flat brick pilasters marking
bay divisions, and simple corbelled brick at
cornice. East side has been altered by
application of panel siding.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Significant under Criterion A for its
association with Cortland Carriage Goods,
for which this was built as a machine shop,
and later the Brewer-Titchener Corporation,
formed when Cortland Carriage Goods and
two other companies merged. A rare
surviving building associated with Cortland’s
industrial heritage that retains high integrity.
117
ADDRESS:
6-8 RICKARD STREET
c. 1880-1895
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story brick Queen Anne-style house;
asymmetrical side-by-side double. Steeply
pitched hipped roof with front and side crossgables. Both front entries are at center; to the
left (south) is a projecting polygonal bay; to
the right is a gabled bay. Arched projecting
brick lintels. Some patterned brickwork;
shingles in gables and in central dormer.
SIGNIFICANCE:
and highly intact double residence in the
Queen Anne style.
ADDRESS:
36 RIVER STREET
(COOPER HOUSE)
c. 1875-1895
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story frame Queen Anne style house
with complex roofline. Full-width partial
wraparound porch with turned balusters,
spindlework and brackets. Clapboard siding
with patterned shingles in gable; decorative
woodwork at gable peak and in pediment
over porch entry. Notable windows in gable:
double hung with 20/2 muntin configuration.
Retains original double front doors.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Significant under Criterion B for its
association with the Cooper family, who
operated a foundry nearby; and Criterion C,
as a highly intact and architecturally
distinguished example of the Queen Anne
style.
118
ADDRESS:
1 SOUTH AVENUE
(LEHIGH VALLEY
PASSENGER DEPOT)
1911
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
One and one-half story, Craftsman-style
railroad station with prominent, deeply
overhanging flared tile roof with brackets.
Battered walls are brick below window sills;
brick terminates with a stone belt course
above which the walls are constructed of
hollow tile with stucco finish. Arched
window openings.
SIGNIFICANCE:
association with Cortland’s important
railroad history; and Criterion C, for its
notable architecture. Built in 1911 as the
passenger depot for the Lehigh Valley
Railroad, the building had a waiting room
with paneled wainscoting, beamed ceilings,
and a marble terrazzo floor; similarly
finished women’s waiting room; and offices
upstairs. Retains high exterior integrity.
ADDRESS:
81 TOMPKINS STREET
c. 1880-1895
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story brick Queen Anne/High Victorian
Gothic-style side-by-side double house.
Steeply pitched side-gable roof with steeply
pitched front cross-gables and central
dormer. Layout appears similar to that of 6-8
Rickard Street with central entries flanked by
projecting bays, but here the organization is
symmetrical. Each side has a projecting twostory bay with intricate decorative detail in
vertical and horizontal bands and at gable.
Central porch retains turned balusters and
spindlework.
SIGNIFICANCE:
double Queen Anne-style house retaining
high integrity.
119
ADDRESS:
89 TOMPKINS STREET
c. 1860-1880
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story, frame Italianate-style house with
full-width, wraparound porch; clapboard
siding; prominent flat window hoods and
decorative Italianate-style brackets.
Replacement windows and front door detract
from integrity, which is otherwise high.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Significant under Criterion C as a
substantially intact residence that exemplifies
the Italianate architectural style.
ADDRESS:
115 TOMPKINS STREET
c. 1860-1880
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story frame Italianate (Italian Villa)style house with front-gabled roof, crossgable wing, three-story mansard-roofed
tower set into L. Clapboard siding; front bay
window; oriel in front gable. Italianate
brackets at eaves. Integrity diminished by
inappropriate front porch.
SIGNIFICANCE:
May be eligible under Criterion C as an
architecturally distinguished and largely
intact Italianate-style residence.
120
ADDRESS:
130 TOMPKINS STREET
c. 1880-1900
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story frame Queen Anne-style house;
front-gabled roof; full-width wraparound
front porch with turned posts and balusters;
projecting polygonal bay with pyramidal
gable nested in primary gable. Clapboard
siding. Varied window shapes and muntin
configurations.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Significant under criterion C as a notable
example of the Queen Anne style with high
integrity.
ADDRESS:
132 TOMPKINS STREET
c. 1880-1895
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story fame Queen Anne-style house;
unusual configuration with side-gabled roof,
prominent polygonal turret with steeply
pitched roof; partial-width front porch
supported by clustered columns; smaller
corner porch with similar columns; both
porch and main roof have dormers, one just
above the other. Clapboard and patterned
shingle siding.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Significant under Criterion C as an
architecturally distinctive example of the
Queen Anne style; exemplifies the avoidance
of flat plain wall surfaces that is a defining
concept underlying the Queen Anne style.
121
ADDRESS:
144 TOMPKINS STREET
c. 1875-1890
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story frame Stick Style house; complex
roofline with prominent front-facing gable.
Features notable details characteristic of the
style, including flat stickwork, decorative
trusses at roof and two side porch gables, and
decorated bargeboard. Design appears
identical to the house at 12 Arthur Street (see
above).
SIGNIFICANCE:
intact example of the Stick Style, a relatively
uncommon style.
ADDRESS:
51 UNION STREET
c. 1865-1880
SIGNIFICANCE: I
DESCRIPTION:
Two-story frame house in the Italianate style;
low-pitched roof (appears flat).
Characteristic Italianate details include
chamfered porch posts at side porches;
scrolled brackets; deeply overhanging roof.
Double front doors appear original.
Clapboard siding.
SIGNIFICANCE:
intact example of the Italianate style.
122
ADDRESS:
4101 WEST ROAD
1891
SIGNIFICANCE: U
DESCRIPTION:
Approximately 21-acre cemetery at the city’s
outskirts; site is hilly with coniferous trees
clustered near the center, at the north and
south edges, and along the road (east side of
the cemetery). Roads are arranged in
connected regular oval and circle
configurations.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Does not appear to meet National Register
guidelines for designation of cemeteries, but
has local significance as the city’s Catholic
cemetery and may be eligible for local
landmark designation.
123
124
VII. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bennett, Porter Kingsbury. They Came into a Delightful Region. Cortland County Chronicles,
Volume 3. Cortland: Cortland Press, 1979.
Carnot, Virginia S., and Shirley G. Heppell. “Robert Brewer House.” Building-Structure
Inventory Form, NYS Office of Parks, Recreation & Historic Preservation. March 1974.
Child, Hamilton, ed. Gazetteer and Business Directory of Cortland County, N.Y. for 1869.
Syracuse: The Journal, 1869.
Cornish, Cornelia Baker. The Geography and History of Cortland County. Ann Arbor,
Michigan: Edwards Brothers, Inc., 1935.
Crosse, John. “Palmer & Krisel and the Imperial ‘400’ Motels: Spreading Good Design to MidCentury Travelers.” Southern California Architectural History. 9 March 2010. Web.
Accessed 3 April 2014.
Everts, Ensign & Everts. Combination Atlas Map of Cortland County, New York. Philadelphia:
Everts, Ensign & Everts, 1876.
Galpin, W. Freeman. Central New York: An Inland Empire. Volume 1. New York: Lewis
Historical Publishing Company, Inc., 1941.
Imperial 400 Motels Pool. Flickr. Web. Accessed 3 April 2014.
Jakle, John, et al. The Motel in America. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2002.
Kane, Mary Ann. Images of America: Cortland. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2010.
Kane, Mary Ann. Personal interviews. 7 November 2013 and 1 April 2014.
Kurtz, D. Morris. Past and Present: A Historical and Descriptive Sketch of Cortland, N.Y., and
its Manufacturing and Commercial Interests. Binghamton: Republican Book and Job
Print, 1883.
“Midcentury Modern: Motel & Hotel Chains.” RoadsideArchitecture.com, n.d. Web. Accessed
3 April 2014.
125
Munger, William P. Historical Atlas of New York State. Phoenix, N.Y.: Frank E. Richards,
[1941].
National Register of Historic Places, Cortland County Courthouse, Cortland, Cortland County,
New York.
National Register of Historic Places, Cortland Fire Headquarters, Cortland, Cortland County,
New York.
National Register of Historic Places, Cortland Free Library, Cortland, Cortland County, New
York.
National Register of Historic Places, William J. Greenman House, Cortland, Cortland County,
New York.
National Register of Historic Places, Tompkins Street/Main Street Historic District, Cortland,
Cortland County, New York.
National Register of Historic Places, Unitarian Universalist Church, Cortland, Cortland County,
New York.
National Register of Historic Places, United States Post Office Cortland, Cortland County, New
York (United States Post Offices in New York State, 1858-1943, Thematic Resources).
New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation. State University of New
York Historic Resources Survey and Evaluation. March 1993.
Opalka, Anthony. “Moffett Center (Hall), SUNY Cortland.” New York State Office of Parks,
Recreation & Historic Preservation Resource Evaluation. 10 December 2003.
Raus, Edmund J., Jr. Banners South: A Northern Community at War. Kent, Ohio: The Kent
State University Press, 2006.
Rayback, Robert J., ed. Richards Atlas of New York State. Phoenix, New York: Frank E.
Richards, [1967].
PlaceEconomics. Connecticut Local Historic Districts and Property Values. Prepared for
Connecticut Trust for Historic Preservation. October 2011.
Sanborn Maps of Cortland, NY. 1884, 1887, 1892, 1897, 1902, 1908, 1915, 1926, 1926-46.
126
Shaver, Peter D. “Old Main, S.U. College at Cortland. Building-Structure Inventory Form,
NYS Office of Parks, Recreation & Historic Preservation. 19 May 1992.
____. “President’s Residence, S.U. College at Cortland.” Building-Structure Inventory Form,
NYS Office of Parks, Recreation & Historic Preservation. 19 May 1992.
Smith, H.P. History of Cortland County. Syracuse: D. Mason & Co., 1885.
The Story of Cortland: Cortland County, New York. Cortland: Chamber of Commerce [c. 1940].
Thoma Development Consultants. City of Cortland Comprehensive Plan: A New Direction for
the 21st Century. February 2011.
Vanaria, Louis M., ed. From Many Roots: Immigrants and Ethnic Groups in the History of
Cortland County, New York. Cortland County Chronicles, Volume 4. Cortland: Cortland
County Historical Society, 1986.
Warner, A., et al. Map of the Counties of Chenango and Cortland, New York, From Actual
Surveys. 1863.
127
APPENDICES
City of Cortland Reconnaissance-Level Survey
11
9
7
5
3
1
215
177
16
17
18
20
60-
56-
62-
58
87-93
69-
95
85
4
P
L
4
8
10
6-14
12
14
16
77 75
79
5
7
Otter Creek Place
18
20
9
11
13
Historic District
DR
GERHART
2
13
15
15
17
17
6
8
6
4
9
ON AVE
10
HARRINGT
5
V
E
2931
25-
17-
27
19-
1
14-18
44
46
48
25-27
22
18
42
16
E
T
S
14
43
26-28
30
32
44
46
48
50
52
40
19
21
23
25
31
33
25
27
29
31
21
19
34
33-35
4
182
6
184
8
185
36
S
206
208
JO
S
E
211
2
P
216
H
219
D
R
AH
N
O
AVE
4
2
4
1-3
6
8-10
5
ARK
LE P
N
ALL
ABD
R
E
234
223
221
YDA
LEV
T
V
224
215
4
6
2
32
E
RAYMOND AV
1
29
25
27
4
5
11
21
19
15
17
7
9
11
13
96
98
33-35
39
37
39
3
1
5
3
7
28
26
20-22
24
16-18
14
12
10
8
6
4
102
29
40
1-3
42
45
27
25
23
19
ST
ER
13
15
11
26
24
20
22
4-10
12
16
13-15
13
11
8
9
6
7
4
47
5
10
70
72
16
14
12
10
3
19
25
29
28
21
16
8
52
54
51
6
9
25
4
53
7
27
5
12
5 1/2,
7
9
2
35
56
55-57
5
24
12
32
AVE
29
58-60
39
61
13
11
16
11
1
23
33
ST
49
37
5
1-3
50
27
93
10
17-23
14
12
10
8
3
31
6
1
33
63-65
4
35
37
28
2
39
41
119-1/2
122
111-113
74 76 78
80
43
82
126
N ST
179
180
69-85
1-3
49-67
37-47
181
11-35
183
5
7
13
184
185
2
RSON
JEFFE
138
186
2 1/2
RD
188
8
18 1/2
20
7
43
251
18
10
120
46
HUNTINGTO
19
1820 1/2
22
9
11
20
90
1
3
5
7
182
21
25
39-41
13
12
88
176
5
27
9
8
38
11
12
9
18
1-3
COMMANDO
124
64 66 68
22
DR
WOODCREST
37
46,48
25
24
8
44
45
86
165-177
170
36
17
15
13
15
43
82
11
9
7
5
3
35
6
23
117
116
42
41
80
6
33
115
40
39
Historic District
30-32
14
10
12
1
16
189
28
5-7
136
190
191
3
16-18
ST
CRAWFORD
200
5
17-24
15
3
9
11
13
202
7
W DR
VALLEY VIE
48
20
26-28 24 22
34 32 30
42 40 38 36
206
2
4
6
10
16-18 14 12
1
30
10
31
29
FE RD
NORTHCLIF
27
PINE ST
3
45 43
33 29-31 27
41 39 37 35
58
46 44
34 30-32 28
42 38-56 36
29-31 27
13
215
17
13
1214
8
10
6
4
ADAMS WAY
217
15
24
19
17
21
13
N
218
2
221
220
17-19
15
11
9
ST
7
5
13
11
9
10
7
8
16
18
9
8
5
4,6
5
6
3
4
18
3
20
2
1
3
JACKSON
227
1
1
229
3
5
1
DR
7
9
13-15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
2
4
6
8
10
37
12
14
16
18
20
22
,
Su
an
29
n
a
31
an
d
33
W
es
te
r
n
39
R
ai
lw
11
SU
232-234
31
DR
NNYFIELD
210
35
33
rk
u
eh
27
16
Y
sq
14-
7
ew
o
12-
225
228
9
14
23,25
10
199
223
SCAMMELL
11
219
Y
DENTI WA
97
26
23
21
19
12
212
1-3
5-7
9
214
16
24 22 20 18
15
17
28
11
93-95
10
15
30
1
LYNWOOD AVE
216
25 23 21
25
32
208
17-19 15
89-91
27
25
23
5
233
210
21-23
17-21
13-15
7-9
3
196
2
36
33
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
42
ay
44
239
41-61
99
243
101-105
211-221
104
107
7
11
17
RD
W
BO
78
247-249
243 245
239
237
235
31
4
44
75
73
219
236
LANSING AVE
21
Greater Cortland Company
17
13
164
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
9
47-55
41
2
KINNEY LN
9
41
48-56
90
94
31
31
7
23
11
37
229
221-223
62
38
37
199-
217
201
1
21
30
94
230
27
31
69
35
213-215
40
26
91
111
RANDALL ST
193
225
203
22
6
STEPHENS
90
109-
73
74
162
3
5
7
9
224-226
5
38
6
8
12
4
36
3
5
14
TAYLOR ST
29
15
9
7
24-26
88
6
8
10
3-5
7
9
28
160
E
FREDERICK AV
6 1/2A
35
34
220
219 1/2
2
217
218
S
1
4
30
212-214
4
AVE
6
3
3
28
213
36
30
16
18
20
22
34
33
88
234
230
15
18
4
93
179
31
33
84
O S
T
24-26
32
34
24
94
76
178
30
34
4
25
OW
EG
209
DELAWARE
22
5
YATES PL
21
86
207
7
23
81-85
26
32
204
62
205
30
195-
8,10,12
13
171-175
13
20
96
75
77
203
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
4-6
32 30
52-54-56
201
200
35
16-18
199
20
11
16
107
110
9
9
89
105
165
7
87
92
42
5
85 1/2
84
113-115
220
206
202
40 1/2
85
82
97
103
32
83
218
210 216
208
42
95
101
116
222-226
25
81
22
106
40
38
20
198 200
197
191
12-14
86
108
185
15
17
21
22
19-21
18-18 1/2
93
102-104
30
31
34 36
91
10
15
114
20
42 1/2
1
21
193-195
18
16
91
131
8
13
14-16
87
89
99
28
29
89
98
100
26
27
87
96
20
25
85
94
18
24
35
69
35-37
19-
196-198
83
92
16
23
90
28
14
11
113
235
181
177
169
167
KENT DR
17-
26
90
22
67
27-33
14
24
19
21
92
14
158
3
SQ
12
22
71
72
10
17
88
12
81
88
67
12
8
15
79
82
31
86
69
13
77
65
68
6
29
10
9
11
12
85
86
4
7-9
10
8
7
8
121-
111
227189-
3-5-7
83
19
24
159
123.5
6
5
71
63
152-156
65-1/2
18
79
181-183
64
66
161
27
80
82
149-155
2
112
17
18
160-164
163
139
5
4
24
ST
RE
UI
80
33
25
89
2
77-79
73-A
84
157,159
25
12
65
191
190
8
64
7-19
40
10
187
20
10
63
4
22
34
15
188
1
38
13
186
2
22
17
19
E
CANNONE AV
3
179
25-27
24
10
8
30
32
11
21
38
75
147
133
111
15
16
182
ON ST
PORT WATS
W RD
FOX HOLLO
178
4
20
9
14
16
17
6
61
62
20-22
12
21
59
61
STEWART PL
PIERCE ST
5
18
2
180
6
26
17
42
37
73
75
78
170
188-190
158
156
143
127
37-39-41
152-154
142-146
150
125
95-97
93
87
35
23
62
70
2
23 21
42-
WINTER ST
173
45
47
7
177
176
8
18
4
59
60
T
S
1
10
7-11
16
23
25
57
58
23
E
14
43
3
165
T
K S
13
172
27
47-49
51
45
56
21
17
6
AN
3
12
16
31
33
FR
ST
1
170
15
37
39
159
168
14
21
38
155-157
166
2
5
ST
N
6
RK
PA
8
153
A
151
3
55
15-1/2
U
K
7
14
30
149
5
8
R
9
16
17
156-162
10
15
17
28
147
11
13
15
91-
85
109
43
82-84
240
12
14
AVE
104
100
168
18
20
22
36-38
SOUTH AVE
13
20
22
26
4
7
12
18
143
40
104
107
11-13
31
13 15 17
35
48-54
D
13
11
150
7
40
48
49
7
11
10
6
9
14
18
8
141
79
183
73
74
32
WILLIAMS ST
163
24
28 1/2
44
46
9
30
24
22
57
58
9
7
1-3
5
7
9
15
34-34 1/2
47
125
135
148.5
150
6
23
43
45
16
9-11
133
146
72
8 1/2
11
ARGYLE PL
41
41
42
2-4
32-38
77
76-1/2
10
29
45
148
NORTHCLIFFE CT
13
148-
4
6
44
129
144
6
8-8 1\2
75
161
17
47
36-40
14
7
14
2
12
5
127-
9
8-8 1/2
11
O
19
11
10
13
24-26
20-22
13
12
8-10
12
14
16
15
10
136
12
8,
181 1/2
39
70
138 140
136
110-114
86
82
80
69
70
28
26
60
50
43
123
6
8
T
25
21-23
15
10
14
10
6
145
144
UNION ST
51
119
121134
8
11
Y
PEARL ST
PASHLEY DR
27
14
S
A
W
15
9
R
31
16
R
28
EN
R
17
14
E
T
A
ST
W
16
17
12
5
53
149,155
32-34
8
76
84
48
46 44
115
117-
130-136
23
15
13
26
25
26
113
130
7
12
19
30-32
14
18
20
128
132
DS S
T
28-30
73
74
72
67
54
143
109
111
71
102
103
9
8
BROOK DR
22
36
DR
122-124
11
25-27
72
93
14-16
2
124
100
97-99
7
D
SAN
23
38
11
24
28
91
69
70
98
229
227
R
13
22
22
120
5
4
96
94
92
90
225-
223
95
G
G
20
7
126
25
40
FOLMER
15
88
4
116
213
207
6
26
221
96
211
201 203 205
O
17
31
126 1/2
9
17
183
195
193
L
16
21
24
181
175
191
189
L
13-1/2
15
24
173
93
197
187
23
66
98
88
59
204-206
65
68
70-72
74
214 216
202
188
E
11-13
12
99
101-103
171
169
161 163 165
159
92
K
14
18-20
105
153 155
DUNSMORE
80
94
90
198
194
226
224
90
212
208
200
182
67
86
T PL
DAWN DR
12
9
18
97
151
6
57
89
192
SUNSET AVE
31
29
19
9
REYNOLDS AVE
90
55
1
52
141
17
17-
8
7
89
15
EAST AVE
59
5
5
HOLLENBECK ST
NEUBIG RD
24
88
53
3
55
146
18
82
93-95
162
158
149
147
65
65
61
51
56
148
20
16
13
16
190
167
62-64
47
23-35
19
127-139
37
22
87
19
41
13
15
21
T
55
83-85
64
15
78
100
138
77
75
60
55
138-140
10
21
37-
128
M
O
45
84
23
S
S
IN
K
P
70
94
14
ST
30
T
41
73-77
60
123
39
112-126
39
79-81
86
59
164
T
TT S
4
Historic District
2
41
83
15
Tompkins Street/Main Street
3
37 39
4
BEMEN
52
52
E COURT ST
12 14
9-
66
4
58
44
177
87
E
CENTRAL AV
10-
11-
80
25
28-34
117
22
64
106-112
130
42
51
71
24
27
50
16-22
8-
66
62-
80
79
163
47-49
76
60-
78
162
84
64
89
56
52-54
150
88
160
156
182
180
178
176
76
11
51
50
58
81
16
21
7-9
50
134-
91
85
46
42
74
75
125-127
49
136
22
94
113
45
47
79
38 40
35
20
25
76 1/2
158 160
143
43
Tompkins Street/Main Street
45
18
44
46
25
11
83
77
36
72
73
1
148
146
70
18
23
24-26
68
41
TT AVE
ST
60
19
22
111
29
17
111
Resources Historic District
94-96
58
45
24-26
12
10
8
36
50
M
109-
48
132
Delaware Lackawanna & Western Railroad
106-110
29
27
73
42
46
MAIN ST
T
S
JA
13-15
27
105
107-
100-104
1-5
21 19 17
23
10
31
E
16
107
HYA
15-19
33
T
14
42
63 65
39
91-93
7
140
71
3
22
66
16
21
124
82
80
41
17-19
103
16
S
23
29
40
25
41
2
144
5
46
121
71
67
25
9-11
9
39
BARTLE
ER
12
63 65
37
99-101
35
18
78
74
38
8
9
44
57
ST
PENDLETON
LV
6-8
45
88
22
96-98
20
37
51
17
CEDAR ST
CA
58
60
62
94
21
13
79
36
37
21
25
40
54
42
55
92
49
73
14
24
26
28
30
32
14
52
26-28
103
Historic District Expansion
20-
33
34
37
58-60
24
22
20
16
89
34
2
14-
87
9
PROSPECT TER
32
12-
51-53 810
55
72-74
55
Historic District
54
83-85
41
53
30
17-19
43-49
50
27,29
HILL ST
81
32
35 39
41
44-46
11 13 15
9
7
5
35
12
31
37
39
30
31
21-27
15
24
33-37-
29
13-
37-39
49
8741-43
11
138
128
6
67
14
17
118 120 122116
114
112
108
99
38
53
33
77
25
49
29
Broadway Avenue
38
40-42
76-78
27
9-11
4
41-43
35
59-71
33
35
39
41
43
47
49
53
95
19
32
37
34
E
CLAYTON AV
55
93
40
12
76
20
2
126
180
15
24 26
AVE
CENTRAL
36
24
12
57
22
4
13
7
15
19
82
VENETTE ST
70
16-
6
37
6-8
7
8
20
64
165
10
31
60
17-29
14
35
9
15
161
10 1/2
4
34
12-
8
39-41
40
100
90
10
31-33
110
106
102-104
97
25-27
11
16
38
29
16
65
9
84
70
49
7
10
36
33
14
78
45
47
49
22
59
15
59-61-65
Historic District
51
88
86
34
31
27
10
64
91
41
9
64
2
44
4
COURT ST
West Court Street
68
32
96
29
94
92
82
87-89
19
18
33
14
26
34
36
38
40
54
53
17
13-15
13
31
13
15
11
28
9-19
21
41
96
47
29
15
22-24-26
22
24
ORCHARD ST
16
56
41
40-42
80
30-32
27
13
26-28
5
11-13
14
9
17-19
16
50
31
27-33
7-9
10-12
9
7
14
14
58
7
2
3-5
16-18
15
12
6-8
5
26
79
1
2-4-
11
13
21
21-23
3
12
16
10
53
25
15
11
17
15
13
11
9
13
10
3
7
11
8
19
1
5
3
16
20-22
24-26
28
8
66
30
39
70 1/2
33
62
60
28
37
47
18
60
94
28
6
7
4
20
18
16
14
10
8
22
62-64
4
5
4
7
11
1-3
2
3
9
2
43-45
58
56
76 78
35
21
2-22
30-36
38
72
29
24
26
28
25
23
17
18
62
38
29
53
55
57
61
63
73
3-5
16
27
22
16
54
52
50
11
10
36
22
33
ELM ST
31-
1-2
98
23
14-
17-23
51
21
24
24
18
34
23
31
9
8
53
30-32
21
7
44
50-52
20
100-102
55
51-
6
59
49
47
26
7
65
67
71-
P
GEORGE ST
40
38
13-
V
B
104
23
20-22
23
25
27
29
38-40-42
54
64
116
A
R
106
5
4
26
1
19
25-27
31
26
10-
IN
S FRANKL
17-19
Y
W
A
D
O
28
22
27-29
26
66
68
114
112
63
42
3-5
24
ST
21
76 74 72 70
82
IN
E
20
25-27
20-22
84
15
108-110
A
26
25
24
80
86-88-90
31
33
W COURT ST
25
23
23
14
16-18
24
26
18
19
18
22
21
22
13-15
19
22
28-30
9
21
23
46-48
20
19
18
9
35
11
20-22
21
20
12
14
17
18
20
19
15
14
15
9
20
1-3
65-67
46
28
23
13
20
16
60
61-63
21
19
17
12
13
OAKLIN DR
GHNIOGA RIVER
EAST BRANCH TIOU
14
17
13
4
50
9
7
9
1
15
13
9
5
3
11
DR
17
7
16
16
21-23
11
12
13
6 1/2
18-A,B
7
25 27
29
26
15
24
39
37
35
14
PEACEFUL
16
13
12
15
11
9
8
58-60
13
11
17
15
17
31
29
12
58
10
ST
E GARFIELD
22
22
21
33
23
56
8
9
E
REDWOOD AV
9-11
13
14
14
10
12
47
49
51
53
55
57
76 1/2
97-101
19
14
5
3
34
16
27
24
13
15
30
28
13-15
17
GARFIELD ST
10
18
54
22
25
22
18
10
RIVER ST
12
11
14
13-15
12
9
19
10
15
11
9-11
13
15
91
24 26
20
16
14
8
54
14
18
7
52
9-11
ST
10
7
12
7
11
5
10
12
94 92
96
98
6
7
17
7
85-87
16
11
12
10 1/2
83
81
62-64-66
GREENBUSH
8
10
11
10
8
59-61
65 63
PLEASANT ST
6
5
8
7-9
8
7
AVE
8
3
10
5
AVE
6
E
ATKINS AV
GLENN ST
4
8
3
1
2
1
205
4
ELLWOOD
207
209
7-9
3
6
5
E
FORREST AV
4
6
8
4
3
195
203
6
E
MELVIN AV
214
5
12
10-
46
10-12
25
20-20 1/2
39
43-45-47
FRANKLIN
2
6
1
67
71
73
2
117
141
14
18
37
15
19
8
6
9
11
14
21-23
5-7
4
6-8
74
72
12
19
18
2
97
93-95
19
19-1/2
18
9
10
17
16
8
19
8
15
14
101
89
13
32-34
17
C
13
12
99
12
12
6
106
108
119-121
139-
78-80
6
17-19-21
21
1-33
19-
T
N
LI
82
76
8
113
111
109
107
101 1/2
E
V
A
N
O
4
PL
N CHURCH
CHURCH ST
2
191-193
6
4
1
189
E
204
3-5
23
16
26-28
HASKELL PL
183
187
202
206
3
177
2
4
2
4
BELLROSE
212
198
149
157
159
1
171
75
77
79
81
83
83-
127
137
10
12
16
90
88
4
5
16
10
105
103
6
17
5
DIO WAY
169175
179-181
147
153 151
18
13
18
22-24
27
15
87
120-122
125
131
135
20
100
123
133
145
194
AV
208
174
155
196
3
210
168
85-
89
91
6
124,126
18
50
LINCOLN AVE
93,95
128
52
54
56
22
30
HTS
5
190
192
176
178
58
60
STEVENSON ST
NS
KI
AT
2
180
62
36
38
40
26
20
29
6
92-94
8
9
10-12
23-25
32
6-8
5
10
8
14
27
22
24
AVE
GROTON
188
64
66
68
78
146
E
TOWNLEY AV
N
3988
184 182
148
1
132
136 134
138
140
158
160
72 70
74
76
80
86 82-84
88
90
92
94
96
17
MONROE
23
186
152
162
166
26 1/2
30 1/226
32
28-
19
34
7
9
15-1713
21 19
27
31 29
33
37 35
31-A,B
41
45
47
51
25
26
63
22
GRAHAM AVE
21
3996
172
65
67
92 1/2
15
112
164
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
AVE
MAPLE
17
8
4
3
2
75 71-73 69
77
79
81
87 85 83
91
89-89 1/2
93
95
97
99
105 103 101
19
41-43
40
4
6-8
42
50
107
78-
1
18
26 1/2
39
52
30
20
24 22
28 26
District
16
15
14
3
4
9
8
41
37
33
A DR
3
3
5
4000
5
4
31
64
66
32
34
28
24
23-25
10
6
70
72
74
76
44
46
48
24
31
30
45
10
16 14
29
7
6
4
21
REGIN
5
4
170
8
8
7
5
13
10
7
12
10
9
3
CIRCLE DR
9
78
30-
4
33
34
33
32
47
6
38
34
49
44
Historic
115
102
13
27
25
23
10-12
13
11
9
7
5
3
1
ST
N FRANKLIN
4004
6
10
12
14
14
12
80
17
19
21
9
26
10
1
5
31
ST
16
14
3
8
35
68
5
27
29
31
5
7
9
11
13
15
48
35
12
20
3
4
100
13
29
11
98
96
6
51-53
AVE
JEWETT
31-33
9
ST
CLEVELAND
129
ST
9
16
12
11
6-8
11
16
37
40
55
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
9.5-13 20
36
22
35
Street
30
127
117-119
12
14
125
38
34
30-32
28
26
24
22
8
14
12
10
8
6
4
133 1/2
104
14
137 1/2
133
131
EXCELSIOR
10
13
14
13
18
18
10
42
15
Church
24
112
44
1-9
POMEROY ST
9
11
15
16
15
11-13
1
2
4
17
18
17
15
20
20
74
7
39
2837
37
15
110
108
106
31
38-40
6
122
7
11
16
16
100,104
36
19
4
ST
10
19
17
22
22
9
14
26
North
32
39-41
18
114
15
17
15
13
137,141
CRANDALL
18
14
7
19
20
11
84
92 88-9086
94
46
67
16
28
30
32
34-34 1/2
58
4
20
26
39
57
33
35
28-30
41-43
36
43
60
13
15
17
21
25
29
31
37
41
38
47
45
9
40-42-44
130
HUBBARD ST
5
22
24
41
49
48
64-66
4-10
149
145-147
126
116
ST
4010
21
12
13
24
21
26
24
98 96
100
106 104 102
26
69
12
PL
PENDLETON
14
23
21
6
16
1-3
140
124
13
ST
24
8
23
22
20
27-29
28
50
20
M
18
17
N
12
22
20
18
16
14
9
11
3
22
47
ES
ED
15
20
O
T
12
4016
6
32
49
17
17-19
22
19
G
10
7
25
26
23
24
IN
PARK
WESTFIELD
10
4
5
8
28
25
25
21-23
N CHURCH ST
8
26
24
85-99
30
30
HAMLIN ST
4-6
7
5
3
4
3
10
32-34
29
12
31
WOODRUFF ST
9
6
8
1
2
1
31
30
27
27
LEBANON DR
2
1
2
83
36
117-119
29
HELEN AVE
WOODLAND AVE
189
141
143-147
101-103
109
115
33
32
17
55
24-26
57
21
49
34
SH
A
157
163
165
29
15
11
59-63
43
50
61-63-65
69
13
T ST
191
197
31
149
153
171 169 167
73 71
18
34
137
161 159
177 175 173
183 181 179
187-
193-
36 129
127
31
135
37
42
9
26
39
35
51
76
9
26
28
30
32
45
47
49
51
61
116
16
ON ST
7
11
54
43
113
MADIS
13
Historic District
44
43
144
146
152
15
3-5-7
21
53
23
ST
156
158
48
114
126
42
17
56
58
60
122
38
SH
BU
160
164
128
130
36
32
N
EE
148
154-
166
170
45
19
27-29
23-25
R
162
78 76
86 84 80-82
88
90
46
46
50
52
45
140
142
21
Madison/Jewett
69
70
62-64
68 66
70
72
74
49
50
51
23
34
38
40
42
71
134
49
50
30
26
24
25
CHARLES ST
172
176 174
138 136
27
138
136
134
60-62
34
146
144
75-77
73
53
47
48
48
29
73
49
46
78
32
100
54
30
6
9-11
33
56-58
26
22
18
14
10
52
50
4
1
GRANT ST
74-76
48
44
8
10
13-15
31
G
45
UR A
VE
29 1/2
GRACE ST
180 178
43
46
79
80
154
5
3
40
HALBER
186 184 182
44
31
14
155
35
17 1/2
Historic District
5-7
51
45
29
83
77
72
41
16
20
22
21
33
52
53
42
35
18
24
31
37
81
34
55
52-54
43
LIBERTY AVE
192 190 188
194
22
20
16-18
14
12
10
8
4
39
42
31
54
55
47
SUMMIT ST
2
1
3
27
25
23
21
17-19
13
9-11
7
5
3
1
21
23
25
40
39
85
78-80
53 1/2
39
32 30
83
58
56
37
38
36
ARTH
43 41
88
86
30-32
57
56
57
87
88 1/2
D
29
82-84
92
59
58
33
35
C
RY
28
60
LOVERS LN
61
59
40
5
7
9
35-37
62
63
61
44
46
93
EK
RE
19
17-
North Main/East Main
26
34-
40
11
9
7
5
3
15
13
W
36
64
31
34
33
34
31
26
11
13
15
17
29
32
29
27
60
32
23-25
24-26
42
20
85
86
18
16
ST
AI
M
E
14
12
10
6
4
N
2
4
6
19
29-31
64
63
27
36
2
ST
25
28
27
65
95
E
K
24
4
E ST
COWANC
27
196
27
1
3
6
Y
26
25
30
5
8
28
30
7
RO
26
25
66
66
R
E
B
23
20
ST
9
10
M
M
ON
AV
S
E
R
2
67
28
9
N
88
4
42 1/2
44 1/2
15
17
19
8
90-92
28
26
4-14
11
5
87
94
AVE
RIVERVIEW
40-42-44
39
2
89
3
99
21
11
91
96
6
19
12
40
102
8
7
2
14
16
13
4
98
9
20
18
16
12
7-9
93
100
101
14
SALISBURY
RO
CO
18
4
65
68
22
C
11
12
1129
6
O
67
23
69
20
68
104
71
20
6-8-10
4
PL
G
RE
G
24
23
70
106
73
157
17
6
E
54
10-12
43
15
8
89 1/2
95
AV
11
19
10
5-7
97-103
10
56
1
20
16-18
14
NORTH ST
E
13
22
21
69
19
12
9
107
114
12
13-15
105
14
11-13
21
G
C
15
24
19
71
17
107-109
108
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
16
11014
N
4
12
18
15-19
105
16
W
4
2
109
118
18
O
67
69
8-10
23
20
16
6
111
ST
25
24
22
8-12
113
N
17
9-11-13
7
1
11
N
A
16
1
8
18
111
BR
18
AI
120
20
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
38
M
122
50
52
E ROUTE 81
RA
19-21
3
M
17
70
112
17
18
71
11
15
N ST
VAN HOESE
15
16
N
124
113
26-28
20-22
3
115
27
18
12-14
13
29
16
8-10
1
126
115
114
117
121.5
5
2
58
8
G
15
16
15
72
73
15
23
130 128
7
9
119
121-
116-118
5
5-7
123
134
132
3
125
127
136
19
21
9
122
120
1
33
13
14
42
72
37
39
27
29
31
11
E
14
ST
74
73
9
R
2
ER
E
MILDRED AV
D
75
76-76 1/2
75
13
14
13
77
11
12
PARKER AVE
4
U
14
15
9
10
11
E
FLORAL AV
10
7-9
12
10
T
6
LA
9-11
YONG ST
1
3
41
71
76
77
78
10
76 1/2
80
79
17
5
11
28
24
20
19
15
R
ST
5
8
79
82
79 1/2
7
8
8
81
6
5
6
6
7
S
10-12
7
8
7
T
5
2
LA
78
6
5
6-8
5
9-11
13
24
22
21
6
3
D
4
G
7
3-5
8
23 19-21 15
25
3
INTERSTAT
RICKARD ST
6
O
U
4
3
6
80
81
4
3
UT ST
D
4
83
84
83
4
82
85
86-88
85
2
1
3
4
73
75
1
1
2
2
29- 27
31
35
37
39
41
43
45
49
51
87
2-A
101
8
53
JOY ST
77-79
83
85
87
2
84
61
CHESTN
89
91
95
97
63
65
69
71
23
13
17
A
47
89
81
2
19
W
W MAIN ST
106
15
15
3
5
21
21
26
7
7
2
3
23
31
25
139
126
1
5
65
25
32
O
76
78
48
4
35
17
133-135
4
37-39
27
8
30
32
IV
27
9-11
34
46
20
30
10
8
6
3
35
4
L
98
90
92
94
129
50
62
66 64
2
3640
38
46 44 42
48
52
54
56
58
68
70
72
14
4
61
31-33
IL
2
74
5
3
4
131
59
42
10,12
29
ST
3
80
84 82
86
6
7
4
6
45
47
49
51
53
2-2
ER
W
7
9
11
6
1
100
104
112
5-7
4
7
5
29
31
35
HARRISON ST
1
5
3
102
108-
7
6
8
9
33-
7
5
40
14
2-2
E
PEARNE AV
17
5
8
2-4
8
41 39 37
43
55
41
26
24
22
20
18
14
12
10
8
10
57
6
3
2-1
28
19
11
9
9
7
43
2 1/2
43-45
EUCLID AVE
16
7
R
25
23
21
19
15-17
13
11
9
7
5
3
N
2
9
7-9
6
10
11
G
A
SO
MO
GE
6
9
12
H
N
IO
M
ED
2
DR
NT
10
10
12
13
U
G
1
21
E
ALVENA AV
K
8
11
ST
18
11
11
12
14
23
22
20
46
AVE
8
13
4148
13
16
14
15
IO
26
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
42
44
C
14
13
17
14
16
151
145-147
LOOPE ST
4
BANKS ST
12-
3
15
GLYNDON AVE
10-
25
16
15
18
27
10
15
T
25
15
19
21
23
25
H
8-10
4-6
2
29
28
14
41
32
34
36
Y
31
30
11
S
53
38
12
57
Y P
KW
SA
E
17
6
19
18
1
3
5
7
9
11
17
16
17
18
PL
STOCKTON
15
13
185
A
N
C
FAYWOOD AVE
157
153
27
29
160
6
8
10
12
14
13
31
BR
35
24
18
20
20
37
39
47
49
51
53
63
65-67-69
73
75
21
19
17
14
77-79
20
8
BE
LL
RO
81
91
93
97
16
18
20
24
3
39
30
18
63
193-197
NN
ED
ST
5
3
37
32
10
12
38
190-192
KE
159
ST
33
35
161
13
59
13
EA
39
MILLER ST
5
23
22
57
10
EV
U
WO
SE
7
21
11
E A
V
OD
11
41
43
45
FIFTH AVE
12
42
12
19
28
EVERGREEN
WADSWORTH
9
44
46
50
52-A 52
54
56
58
68 66 64 62
70
COPELAND
10
74
76
78-80
82
30
32
10
12
14
E
E
AV
E
13
84-86
88
94-96 92
98
34
36
38
42 40-B 40
16
18
22-24 20
26
C
R
EW
VI
GE
RI
D
7
2
16
15
4
37
28
E
51
16
8
188
ST
8
78-82
84
86
34
P
14
4-2
36-40
T
N
11
6
5
88
90
92
94
96
98
17
32
36
38
42
44
46
50
52
56
58
60
62
64
66
68
CIR
OD
WO
K
AR
194
41
38
15
2
R
6
35
26
8
D
4
199
196
15
43
40
R
4
3
74
76
E
R
AV
20
45
42
O
4155
E
WHEELER AV
19
44
D
2
17
4
3
4
47
165-167
162-166
6
287-288
46
163
8
49
48
E
E
9
51
6
FR
6
22
2
50
169
165 1/2
O
15
4
83
17
19
53
171
47
49
51
55 53
57
61
63
65
67
69
71
81
168
3
5-7
9
11
13
15
52
T
21
87
89
91
DR
HIL
3
ELIZABETH ST
97
10
8
6
4
55-57
173-175
T
2
R
ST D
LCRE
5
25
O
8
14
4
4
LEON AVE
SNYDER
93
6
7
5
3
1
WILSON PL
8
6
54
HOMER AVE
33
10
33
HI
1
3
5
11
13
56
6
O
13
11
E
LOCUST AV
7
9
46
48
198
172-174
13
24
LN
8
179-183
CIR
HARMONY
17
19
12
17
O
203
36
21
1
KW
9
19-21
10
8
6
4
2
PA
R
200
17
15
22
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
205
7
W
49
20
29
22
COLONY DR
31
CHERRY LN
23
3
207
202
22
23
PA
RK
185
2
5
60
14
7
5
209
1
3
47
32,34
27
20
15
RY
187
25
25
13
11
9
CK
O
178
16
24
RY
210
189
45
18
211
1
N
27
O
3
5
7
9
18
10
8
6
4
2
30
28
26
23
25
16
14
12
HI
20
213
IDE DR
CK
SHERIDAN DR
41-43
15
29
MORNINGS
212
39
37
21
214
2
4
6
8
10
22
35
33
31
19
17
13
9
240
5
110
107
August 2014
3708
NR Listed
NR Eligible Architectural and/or Historic Significance
Contributing Building
Contributing Building Diminished Integrity
Not NR Eligible and Not Likely to Achieve Eligibility
Not NR Eligible due to Age Only
500
0
500
Feet
BEROARCHITECTUREPLLC
ARCHITECTURESUSTAINABILITYPRESERVATION
Thirty Two Winthrop Street, Rochester, New York 14607
585-262-2035 (phone) • 585-262-2054 (fax) • [email protected] (email)
RÉSUMÉ: KATHERINE EGGERS COMEAU
Accreditation
Qualified 36 CFR 61, History & Architectural History, Federal Register Vol. 48, No. 190.
Professional Experience
Bero Architecture PLLC, Rochester, New York, Architectural Historian (2010-present).
The Landmark Society of Western New York, Rochester, New York (2001-2010). Director of
Preservation Services (2008-2010), Advocacy Coordinator (2007-2008), Preservation Advisor (20012007).
Robinson & Associates, Washington, D.C., Architectural Historian (1998-2001).
Education
Master of Science in Historic Preservation. University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (1998).
Bachelor of Arts, magna cum laude with distinction in the Humanities major. Yale University, New
Haven, CT (1995).
Professional Organizations
Board Member, National Association for Olmsted Parks
Society of Architectural Historians
The National Trust for Historic Preservation (Forum Member)
Preservation Action
The Landmark Society of Western New York
Lectures and Seminars
“125 Years of Rochester’s Park System.”
•
Highland Park Conservancy Annual Meeting, April 2014
•
Rochester Public Library, Rochester’s Rich History series, March 2014.
“Rochester’s Olmsted Legacy.”
•
Greece Historical Society, Greece, New York, February 2003.
•
Perinton Historical Society, Perinton, New York, September 2003.
•
Highlands at Pittsford, August 2008.
BA906.KECResume.15614.doc
Katherine Eggers Comeau Résumé
•
Allyn’s Creek Garden Club, Rochester, New York, January 2012.
•
Highland Park Conservancy, Rochester, New York, March 2012.
•
Burroughs Audubon Society, Rochester, New York, April 2012.
“A Planner, an Architectural Historian, and a Landscape Architect Walk Into a Park: Three Views on
Landscape Documentation.”
• APA/ASLA Upstate Chapter Conference, Utica, NY, September 2011.
• Landmark Society of Western New York Annual Conference, April 2012.
“Landmarks of the Future: Preserving Resources of the Recent Past.”
•
Historic Pittsford, Pittsford, NY, April 2008
•
American Planning Association Upstate Chapter, annual conference, Henrietta, NY,
October 2008
•
Greece Historical Society, Greece, NY, May 2010
•
Geneva Historical Society, Geneva, NY, November 2010
•
Victor Historical Society, Victor, NY, August 2013
“The Greenest Building is the One that’s Already Built.”
•
Monroe Community College, Brighton, New York, September 2008.
•
Monroe County Association of Villages, keynote speaker, annual banquet, January 2009.
“Funding Your Historic Preservation Projects: The Truth about Grants, Loans, and Tax Credits.”
Landmark Society of Western New York Annual Conference, Medina, New York, April 2009.
“Local Level Advocacy: A Candid Discussion with Leaders in the Field,” panelist. National Trust
for Historic Preservation Annual Conference, Nashville, Tennessee, October 2009.
Selected Project Experience
NATIONAL REGISTER NOMINATIONS
Project Name & Location
Description
Client
Community of True Inspiration
Residence
National Register Nomination
West Seneca Historical
Society
South Wedge Historic District
(~400 buildings)
National Register District
Nomination
South Wedge Planning
Committee
Hamburg Main Street Historic
District (81 buildings)
Nomination
Village of Hamburg
Warsaw Downtown Historic
District (41 buildings)
Nomination
Warsaw Historical Society
Payjack Chevrolet, Medina, NY
Hartway Motors
2
Central Trust Building, Rochester,
NY
Riverview Rochester LLC
B’Nai Israel Temple, Olean, NY
B’Nai Israel Congregation
Seneca Park, Rochester, NY*
National Register nomination
of Frederick Law Olmsteddesigned city park
Landmark Society
Municipal Park System of
Rochester, NY*
Documentation and National
Register Multiple Property
Documentation
Landmark Society
Bacon-Merchant-Moss House,
Lockport, NY
Lockport City Historian
Chase-Crowley-Keep House,
Lockport, NY
Chase-Hubbard-Williams House,
Lockport, NY
Peter D. Walter House, Lockport,
NY
Plan of the City of Washington,
D.C.**
Amendments to the National
Register nomination and
National Historic Landmark
nomination
City of Washington, D.C.
HISTORIC RESOURCE SURVEYS
Description
Client
Cultural Resource Surveys, Town
of Brighton, New York
Ongoing survey work,
individual properties as needed
Town of Brighton
Village of Fairport, Monroe
County, NY
Reconnaissance-Level Survey,
Village-wide
Village of Fairport
City of Cortland, Cortland Count,
NY
City-wide reconnaissancelevel survey
Cortland Downtown
Partnership
Hamburg Main Street Historic
Resource Survey, Village of
Hamburg, NY
Two-phase survey of
approximately 60 buildings
Village of Hamburg
South Wedge Historic Resource
Survey, Rochester, NY
Historic Resource Survey,
500+ buildings
South Wedge Planning
Committee
3
Rochester Historic Parks
Inventory*
Detailed inventory and
National Register eligibility
evaluation of 61 city parks.
Honor Award of Excellence,
Upstate NY Chapter, ASLA.
City of Rochester; LSWNY
was subcontractor to Bayer
Associates, Landscape
Architects.
Villages of Albion, Spencerport,
Holley*
Historic resource surveys
Western Erie Canal Heritage
Corridor Planning
Commission
DESIGN GUIDELINES
Description
Client
Village of Pittsford Post-War
Design Guidelines*
Style guide and design
guidelines for post-WWII
residential architecture
Village of Pittsford
Architectural and
Preservation Review Board
City of Rochester Preservation
Board Design Guidelines*
Design guidelines for review
of applications
City of Rochester
OTHER
Description
Client
Kronenberg Building, Hamburg,
New York
Tax Credit application
Tzetzo Companies
Cornell Law School Expansion
Historic Resource Report and
Evaluation
Cornell University
Seven Bridges, Means Restriction
Project, Cornell University
Evaluation
Cornell University
Central Trust Building, 44
Exchange Boulevard, Rochester,
New York
Tax Credit application
Riverview Rochester LLC
Computing and Information
Science Building, Cornell
University
Evaluation
Cornell University
1794-1812 East Avenue,
Rochester, New York
Mitigation Documentation
Wegmans Food Markets
Jane A. Delano Home, Ithaca, NY
Mitigation Documentation
Trowbridge & Wolf
* The Landmark Society of Western New York
4

Cortland Historic Resources Survey

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