Leica LIDAR Solutions ALS70 Product Line Overview

Transcription

Leica LIDAR Solutions
ALS70 Product Line Overview
28 April 2011
ALS70_Overview_110428.ppt
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Content
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What is LIDAR?
What is ALS70?
For customers considering upgrade from ALS60
For customers considering competing sensors
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Elements of a generic LIDAR system
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Generic LIDAR: hardware
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Generic LIDAR: workflow to get “points on the ground”
Where was the
system when the
laser fired?
GNSS
IMU
Where was the
laser pointed
when it fired?
Scan Angle
Encoding
Laser
Fires pulse
Optics
Collects
sample of
laser output
and return
reflection
Filter
Detector
Range
counting
electronics
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How far is it to the
ground?
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Location of
point on the
ground
Generic LIDAR: the point cloud
Not a raster
Represents XYZ points measured
Can be more than one point per
outbound laser shot
Typically color coded by

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Elevation
Return number
Intensity
Class
Flight line
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What is ALS70?
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Trends in airborne LIDAR capabilities (1)
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
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2010
2008
2006
2004
2002
2000
0
1998
o
Scan Product
( -Hz @ 40 FOV)
 LIDAR systems historically double
point measurement rate (i.e., pulse
rate) roughly every 2 years
 Recent product introductions (up
to 500 kHz measurement rate) are
on that trajectory
 Until recently, scan rates have not
kept up with advances in pulse
rate, limiting the swath over which
evenly-spaced (along-track versus
cross-track) point patterns could
be generated
Trends in airborne LIDAR capabilities (2)
 Combination of high measurement
rate and high scan rate in latest
systems results in ability to scan
reasonable swath at high point
density
 Fusion of return-signal intensity
data with elevation data in highpoint-density point clouds provide
interesting possibilities
 Intensity and location are both part
of each point in the point cloud
 A “true ortho” results automatically
 ~20 cm spatial resolution is readily
achieved
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What is ALS70?
 A family of airborne LIDAR systems
 Covers the full competitive range at all levels
 ALS70-CM “City Mapper”: high point density at entry-level pricing
 ALS70-HP “High Performance”: high point density with greater flying height
 ALS70-HA “High Altitude”: single-output system for high-altitude applications
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ALS70 major components (ALS70-CM / ALS70-HP shown)
LS70-LP Laser Scanner (shown)
or
LS70-HA Laser Scanner
SC70 System Controller
or
SC70-CM System Controller
LC60 Laser Controller
MM70 Mass Memory
OC50 Pilot Display
GI40 Guidance Indicator
OC52 Operator Display
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ALS70 system configurations
System Controller
SC70-CM
Scanner
SC70
LS70-HA
ALS70-HA
LS70-LP
ALS70-CM ALS70-HP
5000 m AGL
SPiA &
MPiA
3500 m AGL
SPiA
2500 m AGL
MPiA
1600 m AGL
SPiA &
MPiA
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ALS70 system configurations
System Controller
SC70-CM
Scanner
SC70
LS70-HA
ALS70-HA
LS70-LP
ALS70-CM ALS70-HP
5000 m AGL
SPiA &
MPiA
3500 m AGL
SPiA
2500 m AGL
SPiA &
MPiA
1600 m AGL
SPiA &
MPiA
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ALS70 - capabilities
 Intensity image, 11 Mar 2011, 2300 m AGL, 40 deg FOV (sine), 25 Hz scan
rate, 119 kHz pulse rate (MPiA), installed on PAV80 mount, 2 points/m2 (~70
cm post spacing)
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ALS70 - capabilities
 Fused class/intensity image, September 2010, 1000 m AGL, 40 deg FOV
(sine), 25 Hz scan rate, 500 kHz pulse rate (MPiA), ~10 points/m2, 870 m
swath
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Major new technologies in ALS70
 Point Density Multiplier – doubling productivity
 New range counting circuitry
 Low electronic “overhead”, allowing pulse rates closer to the “speed of light”
limit for given flying height (all models)
 25% reduction in number of PCBs
 Dual-output scanner (ALS70-CM and ALS70-HP only) doubles effective pulse rate
and scan rate
 Single laser
 Single galvanometer scanner
 Single receiver optics
 Laser output split into two beams (slight forward and slight rearward look
angle)
 Dual receivers
 Autoscan feature monitors flying height and speed over round and adjusts
scan rate to help to keep scan patterns out-of-phase with one another (see
separate ppt for details)
 Multiple scan patterns (sine, triangle and raster) for greater flexibility in point pattern
on ground
 Increased receiver bandwidth and dynamic range, for better detection of small and/or
low-reflectivity surfaces (e.g., power lines, fresh asphalt)
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Single-path scanning limits along-track spacing
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Dual-output scanning doubles scan rate, pulse rate
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SPiA technology limits pulse rate
5
3
1
4
2
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MPiA technology allows doubling of pulse rate
1
2
3
2
3
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5
4
4
5
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Multiple scan patterns for maximum flexibility
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ALS70 family – additional features
 Laser features consistent pulse shape over wide range of pulse rates for high
range accuracy/low range jitter
 High-accuracy scan angle encoder preserves planimetric accuracy as altitude
increases
 Powerful galvanometer scanner
 Allows use of large-aperture optics
 Scans fast at any given FOV, allowing:
 Small along-track spacing in fixed wing aircraft
 Balanced along-track and cross-track (very important when using high
pulse rates and/or higher-speed aircraft)
 Allows widest available FOV and greatest roll compensation range
 3 AUX sensor ports for connection of additional devices
 e.g., RCD30, infrared imagers, hyperspectral, etc.
 Provides 1 PPS pulse, trigger output, MEP inputs, LAN connections
 Limited power available (unfiltered 28 VDC)
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ALS70 family – mounting configurations (ALS70-CM/HP shown)
ALS with / without
RCD, low profile
ALS only
ALS with / without
RCD, Dart pod
ALS with / without
RCD on PAV80
In cabin
In pod
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ALS70 real-time digital camera enhances editing
 Real-time imagery to check for
clouds / haze in line of sight
 JPEG images recorded at preset
interval for post flight terrain /
cover verification
 Images time-indexed and contain
all georeferencing data
 Leica LCam Viewer software
allows easy image look-up
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Real-time coverage verification: easy tracking of progress
 Feature provided in parallel
TracGUI software running on
OC5x
 Loads project site outline file
and/or flight line file (*.shp
format)
 Records real-time aircraft
location and orientation
 Creates projection of swath at
the ground using real-time ALS
Post Processor core algorithm
 Records each swath for export
(*_1.las format)
 Swath files can be re-loaded for
use on subsequent days
 5 updates per second
 Variety of auto/manual
zoom/pan functions
 Similar “coverage estimator”
feature built into FCMS Module
Sensor Control ALS
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ALS70 family – RCD30 typical mounting
Integral mounting for CC31
CH6x Camera Head
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ALS70 Workflow
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ALS70 workflow: planning to point cloud under one roof
Planning
Collection
Ground Processing
FPES
AeroPlan70
FCMS
IPAS TC
IPAS CO
IPAS BST
ALSpp
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ALS70 workflow
Planning
Collection
Processing
Ground
Operations
GPS
IPAS TC
record DGPS base
station data
FPES / AeroPlan70
mode
altitude
scan rate
FOV
flight speed
flight lines
flight height
DGNSS
processing
•point cloud generation
•output formatting – LDI, LAS, ASCII
•projection - WGS 84, UTM, state plane, Swiss, TW 97, usersupplied
•datum (state plane only) - NGVD 29, NAVD 88
IPAS TC
trajectory
processing
position
and
attitude
file
ALS, FCMS
Airborne
Operations
record position and
attitude data
•GPS
•IMU
record scanner data
•range
•scan angle
•intensity
•timing info
Attune
TerraScan
laser boresite
calibration
“LAS” file
IPAS TC
TerraModeller
real-time
nav file
extract
position
and
attitude
data
•tiling
•coverage verification
•outlier removal
•bare earth
•thinning
•catenary generation
•TIN/contour
•control report
*.SCN raw
scanner files
deliverables
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MicroStation
Mission
Planning
ALS Post Processor
ALS70 workflow (additional MFC workflow items in amber)
Planning
Collection
Processing
Ground
Operations
GPS
IPAS TC
record DGPS base
station data
FPES / AeroPlan70
ALS Post Processor
DNSS
processing
IPAS TC
trajectory
processing
position
and
attitude
file
ALS, FCMS, RCD
Airborne
Operations
mode
altitude
scan rate
FOV
flight speed
flight lines
flight height
lens FL
shutter speed
frame rate
record position and
attitude data
•GPS
•IMU
•event marks
record scanner data
•range
•scan angle
•intensity
•timing info
record camera data
•photo ID file
•raw frames
Attune
TerraScan
laser boresite
calibration
•tiling
•coverage verification
•outlier removal
•bare earth
•thinning
•catenary generation
“LAS” file
IPAS TC
TerraModeller
real-time
nav file
extract
position
and
attitude
data
•TIN/contour
•control report
*.SCN raw
scanner files
IPAS BST
IPAS CO
FramePro
calculate
exterior
orientations
EO file
LPS
camera
boresight,
orthophoto
generation
deliverables
orthophotos
Bayer
conversion
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MicroStation
Mission
Planning
•point cloud generation
•output formatting – LDI, LAS, ASCII
•projection - WGS 84, UTM, state plane, Swiss, TW 97, usersupplied
•datum (state plane only) - NGVD 29, NAVD 88
ALS70 versus ALS60
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For those considering ALS60-CM to ALS70-CM upgrade
 Scan Rates
 ALS70 sine rate ~2.0x ALS60 sine
rates
 New triangle scan pattern ~1.4x - 1.6x
ALS60 sine rates
 New raster scan pattern ~0.8x ALS60
sine rates
More productivity 
Better along-track spacing 
 Pulse rates
 ALS70-CM pulse rates 2.5x that of
ALS60-CM
 ALS70-CM has MPiA capability (not
available in ALS60-CM)
 ALS70-CM carries 500 kHz
o
performance to 1107 m AGL @ 40
FOV
 ALS70-CM max AGL 1600 m versus 1000
m AGL for ALS60-CM
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For those considering ALS60 to ALS70-HP upgrade
 Scan Rates
 ALS70 sine rate ~2.0x ALS60 sine
rates
ALS60 sine rates
sine rates
 Pulse rates
 ALS70-HP pulse rates 2.5x that of
ALS60
 ALS70-HP carries 500 kHz
o
FOV
 ALS70-HP SPiA pulse rate higher than
ALS60 MPiA pulse rates up to 3500 m
AGL
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For those considering ALS60 to ALS70-HA upgrade
 Scan Rates
 ALS70-HA sine rate similar to ALS60
sine rates
ALS60 sine rates
sine rates
 Pulse rates
 ALS70-HA pulse rates 2.5x that of
ALS60
 ALS70-HA carries 500 kHz
o
FOV
 ALS70-HA SPiA pulse rate higher than
ALS60 MPiA pulse rates up to 3500 m
AGL
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Upgrading from ALS60 to ALS70
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ALS70 versus competing sensors
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For those considering ALS70-CM and other systems
 Scan rates
 ALS70-CM sine rates ~2x – 3x ALTM
Orion C200
 ALS70-CM triangle rates ~2x ALTM
Orion C200
 ALS70-CM raster rates similar to
ALTM Orion C200
 ALS70-CM sine rates same as LMSQ680i at small FOV; slow LMS-Q680i
pulse rates make it nearly impossible
to utilize fast scan rate
 Primary competitors
 LMS-Q680i
 ALTM Orion C200
 Pulse rates
 ALS70-CM 2x – 3x higher effective
pulse rates than either ALTM Orion
C200 or LMS-Q680i
 Flying height
 Significantly higher than ALTM Orion
C200
 Fully upgradeable to ALS70-HP!!!
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For those considering ALS70-HP and other systems
 Scan rates
 ALS70-HP sine rates faster than ALTM
Pegasus HD400, ALTM Gemini and ALTM
Orion M200
 ALS70-HP triangle rates similar to ALTM
Pegasus HD400, ~1.4x ALTM Gemini, ~2x
ALTM Orion M200
 ALS70-HP raster rates similar to ALTM
Gemini, ALTM Orion M200
 ALS70-HP sine rates same as LMS-Q680i
at small FOV; slow LMS-Q680i pulse rates
make it nearly impossible to utilize fast scan
rate
 ALTM Orion M200
 ALTM Gemini
 ALTM Pegasus HD400
 Pulse rates
 ALS70-HP in SPiA has higher pulse rates
and max AGL than even ALTM Pegasus
HD400
 ALS70-HP in MPiA has ~2x pulse rate of
ALTM Pegasus HD400
 ALS70-HP pulse rates exceed that of other
competitors by even greater margin
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For those considering ALS70-HA and other systems
 Scan rates
 ALS70-HA sine rates faster than ALTM
Gemini and ALTM Orion M200 over
most FOVs
 ALS70-HA triangle rates similar to
ALTM Orion M200
 ALS70-HA raster pattern not available
on ALTM Pegasus HD400, ALTM
Gemini or ALTM Orion M200
 Raster scan pattern is ideal for the
larger post spacing typical for highAGL acquisition
 ALTM Orion M200
 ALTM Gemini
 ALTM Pegasus HD400
 Pulse rates
 ALS70-HA in MPiA has higher pulse
rates and max AGL than ALTM
Pegasus HD400 above 1000 m AGL
and ALTM Gemini at all altitudes
 ALS70-HA in SPiA has higher pulse
rate than ALTM Orion M200
 Max AGL greater than all competitors
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Thank you!
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Appendix 1 – 12-bit intensity versus ALS70-HP
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Using 8 bit intensity + AGC + laser output control
 Fixed-gain system
 must be designed for full-scale (e.g., 12 bit) output @ min AGL
 Looses 2 bits of full-scale intensity reading with each doubling of altitude
 ALS operates differently
 8-bit output @ min AGL and minimum laser output
 Laser output increases from 1% to 100% as altitude increases
 AGC increases amplification as altitude increases beyond point where laser is at 100%
 Once AGC is at max gain, full-scale intensity reading will decrease with increasing altitude
 It’s all about getting the right 8 bits, rather than any 12 bits
Laser Output Range
1%
100%
Add’l
AGC
Gain
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Appendix 2 – Accuracy plots
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AeroPlan70 error estimates (40 FOV, 5 cm GPS error) – ALS70-CM
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AeroPlan70 error estimates (40 FOV, 5 cm GPS error) – ALS70-HP
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AeroPlan70 error estimates (40 FOV, 5 cm GPS error) – ALS70-HA
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Leica LIDAR Solutions ALS70 Product Line Overview

Transcription

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