Wollongong City State Emergency Service

Transcription

Wollongong City State Emergency Service
ABOUT OUR SUMMARY CARDS
Introduction
These summary cards were inspired by the cards that come with the blue book/folder given out at the end of
WKH7HDP/HDGHU¶VZRUNVKRS. One of our members came back from the workshop and decided to make up a
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also wanted to be able to give them to all our members ± not just those that have been fortunate enough to
have DWWHQGHGD7HDP/HDGHU¶VZRUNVKRS
After much searching we finally tracked down a supplier who makes a document wallet with 20 clear plastic
sleeves WRILWWKHFDUGVOLNHDVPDOO³9XHH7XHH´IRUDURXQG&RQWDFWXVLI\RX¶GOLNHWRRUGHUVRPH± send
an email to [email protected]
Over time the number of cards has grown and we have plans to develop more in the future. A lot of effort has
gone into producing them and WKHUH¶VDORWRIXVHIXOLQIRUPDWLRQFRQWDLQHGLQWKHPVRZH¶UHKDSS\WRVKDUH
them with other Units so that they too can benefit from this work.
Be sure to check the Table of Contents to see which cards have been added or updated recently!
Feedback
We¶GDSSUHFLDWH\RXUIHHGEDFNso please send us an email at [email protected]
with any corrections, suggestions etc. That way we can keep improving them for the benefit of all SES
members.
Acknowledgment
Much of the material for these cards has been sourced from our Training Resource Kits and the Australian
Emergency Management Manual Series from Emergency Management Australia. We acknowledge these
publications as the source, particularly for much of the artwork. We also acknowledge the NSW Rural Fire
Service (RFS) as the source for the material in card 4.2
Disclaimer
The information contained in these summary cards is not meant to be a substitute for training, and untrained or
unqualified members should not use the material in these cards without the supervision of a suitably qualified
person. Also, whilst all care has been taken in compiling these cards it is possible that they may contain
technical inaccuracies or typographic errors.
In no event shall Wollongong City SES be liable for any damages arising from the use of information contained
within these cards.
Summary Cards - Developed by Wollongong City SES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1
1.1 General Rescue - Acronyms
1.0
Feb-07 3
2
1.2 INSARAG Marking Systems
1.0
Feb-07 3
1.3 Generators & Lighting
1.0
Feb-07 3
1.4 Collapse Patterns (1) - 5 most common
1.0
Feb-07 3
5
1.5 Collapse Patterns (2) - Further 6
1.0
Feb-07 3
6
1.6 Ladders
2.0
Nov-07 3
7
1.7 Improvised Rescue Techniques - Part 1
1.0
Oct-07 3
8
1.8 Improvised Rescue Techniques - Part 2
1.0
Oct-07 3
9
2.1 First Aid (1/2)
2.0
Jan-08
10
2.2 First Aid (2/2)
2.0
Jan-08
11
2.3 30 Second Triage
1.0
Feb-07 3
12
2.4 Bleeding & Shock
1.0
Oct-08
13
2.5 Respiratory Conditions
1.0
Oct-08
14
2.6 Medical Emergencies - 1 of 2
1.0
Oct-08
15 2 First Aid
2.7 Medical Emergencies - 2 of 2 & Cardiac Co 1.0
Oct-08
16
2.8 Spinal Injuries & Burns
1.0
Oct-08
17
2.9 Fractures & Associated Injuries
1.0
Oct-08
3
4
1 General Rescue
2.1 Head Injuries
1.0
Oct-08
19
2.11 Chest, Abdomen & Pelvis Injuries
1.0
Oct-08
20
2.12 Environmental Emergencies
1.0
Oct-08
21
2.13 Poisons, Bites & Stings
1.0
Oct-08
22
3.1 Casualty Handling - Without equipment
1.0
Feb-07 3
23
3.2 Casualty Handling - Stretchers (1)
2.0
Oct-07 3
24 3 Casualty Handling
3.3 Casualty Handling - Stretchers (2)
1.0
Feb-07 3
25
3.4 SKED Stretcher - Contents
1.0
Feb-07
26
3.5 SKED Stretcher - Rigging for Vertical Lift
1.0
Feb-07
27 4 Fire Fighting
4.1 Fire Extinguishers
1.0
Feb-07 3
28
4.2 Bush Fire Awareness
1.0
Nov-07
29
5.1 Ropes and Slings
1.0
Feb-07 3
30
5.2 Synthetic Fibre Rope & Cord
1.0
Feb-07 3
5.3 Knots - Natural Fibre Rope
2.0
Nov-07 3
5.4 Knots - Synthetic Fibre Rope
2.0
Nov-07 3 3 3
3
1.0 Nov-07 3 3 3
1.0 Feb-07
3
1.0 Feb-07 3
3
2.0 Nov-08
3
2.0 Oct-07 3
3
2.0 Nov-07 3
6.2 Anchors - General
37
6.3 Anchors - Minimum Sizes
6.4 Anchors - Constructed
38
6.5 Highlines & Cableways
39 7 Hauling and Lowering
7.1 Mechanical Advantage
40
8.1 Rescue Frames (1)
Page 1 of 3
N/A
(FWC) 4WD
TL
(TLC)
(OCE) COM
LS
(LSC)
Feb-07 3
1.0
6.1 Rigging and equipment
Anchors and Rigging
(MRC) MR
3
5.5 Lashings
36 6
(MSC) MTS
3
34
35
FA
3
3
33
1.0
(BCC) FBR
CS
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
18
Ropes, Knots &
31 5
Lashings
32
(FAC)
Date
VR
Ver.
(CSC)
Title
(VRC)
No.
(SDC) SWD
Category
(GRC) GR
Applicable TRK
Feb-07 3
Print Date: 18/11/2008
TABLE OF CONTENTS
41 8 Rescue Frames
8.2 Rescue Frames (2)
2.0
Nov-07 3
42
8.3 Rescue Frames (3) - Larkin Frame & Tripo 1.0
Oct-07 3
43
9.1 Shoring (1) - Raking Shore
1.0
Feb-07 3
44
9.2 Shoring (2) - Flying Shore
1.0
Feb-07 3
9 Shoring and Stabilising
9.3 Shoring (3) - Dead Shore
1.0
Feb-07 3
46
9.4 Shoring (4) - Crib Shore
1.0
Feb-07 3
47
10.1 Chainsaw - 1 of 2
1.0
Jul-08
48 10 Chainsaws
10.2 Chainsaw - 2 of 2
1.0
Jul-08
49
10.3 Chainsaw Kits - Contents
2.0
Jul-08
50
11.1 Pumps
51
11.2 Beaufort's Wind Scale
52
11.3 Sandbagging - 1 of 2
53
11.4 Sandbagging - 2 of 2
45
11.7 Nailguns - Operation
57
11.8 EWPs - 1 of 2
58
11.9 EWPs - 2 of 2
59
12.1 Risk Management - Take 5
1.0
Feb-07
12.2 Risk Management - Risk Matrix
1.0
Feb-07
12.3 Hazard Identification - Roof Job
1.0
Jan-08
60
61
12
Safety Risk
Management
11.5 Sandbagging Machine
11.6 Nailguns - Safety and Preparation
62
12.4 Hazard Identification - Tree Job
1.0
Jan-08
63 13 Team Leader
13.1 Callout Procedure
1.0
Aug-07
64
14.1 Radio Operations (1)
1.0
Nov-07
14.2 Radio Operations (2)
1.0
Nov-07
65
14
Communications
Equipment
N/A
(FWC) 4WD
TL
(TLC)
(OCE) COM
LS
(LSC)
(MRC) MR
(MSC) MTS
FA
(BCC) FBR
3
3
3
56
Storm and Water
54 11
Damage
55
Feb-07
Nov-08
CS
3
3
3
1.0 Nov-08
3
1.0 Nov-08
3
1.0 Nov-08
3
1.0 Nov-08 3 3
1.0 Nov-08 3 3
1.0 Nov-08
3
1.0 Nov-08
3
1.0
1.0
(FAC)
Date
VR
Ver.
(CSC)
Title
(VRC)
No.
(SDC) SWD
Category
(GRC) GR
Applicable TRK
3 3
3 3
3
3
3
3 3
3 3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
Map Reading & Nav
Land Search
Operations
66
18.1 Flood Boat Safety
1.0
Mar-08
67
18.2 Flood Boat Safety Equipment
1.0
Mar-08
68
18.3 Pre-Departure Checklist
1.0
Mar-08
69 18 Flood Boat
18.4 Pre-Launch Checklist
1.0
Mar-08
70
18.5 Post-Recovery Checklist
1.0
Mar-08
71
18.6 Navigation Markers
1.0
Mar-08
72
18.7 Cardinal Markers
1.0
Mar-08
73
19.1 Storm and Flood Callouts
1.0
Nov-08
19.2 Local Area Searches
1.0
Nov-08
19.3 Remote Area Searches
1.0
Nov-08
19.4 Bush Fire Support Callouts
1.0
Nov-08
74
75
76
19
Checklists
Page 2 of 3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
77
20.1 4WD - Preparing to Drive
1.0
Nov-08
78
20.2 4WD - Driving Techniques
1.0
Nov-08
79
20.3 4WD - Stall Recovery - 3 Methods
1.0
Nov-08
20.4 4WD - Vehicle Recovery
1.0
Nov-08
81
20.5 4WD - Winching Methods and MA
1.0
Nov-08
82
20.6 4WD - Winching Methods and MA
1.0
Nov-08
80
20
4WD Operations
Page 3 of 3
3
3
3
3
3
3
N/A
(FWC) 4WD
TL
(TLC)
(OCE) COM
LS
(LSC)
(MRC) MR
(MSC) MTS
FA
(BCC) FBR
CS
(FAC)
Date
VR
Ver.
(CSC)
Title
(VRC)
No.
(SDC) SWD
Category
(GRC) GR
Applicable TRK
Haul & Lower
Anchors and
Rigging
Ropes, Knots
& Lashings
Fire Fighting
Casualty
Handling
First Aid
General
Rescue
Category
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
4.1
4.2
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
7.1
No.
Title
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.1
1.0
1.0
2.0
2.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.0
2.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.0
2.0
Ver.
Feb-07
Feb-07
Feb-07
Feb-07
Feb-07
Apr-08
Oct-07
Oct-07
Jan-08
Jan-08
Feb-07
Oct-08
Oct-08
Oct-08
Oct-08
Oct-08
Oct-08
Oct-08
Oct-08
Oct-08
Oct-08
Feb-07
Oct-07
Feb-07
Feb-07
Feb-07
Feb-07
Nov-07
Feb-07
Feb-07
Nov-07
Nov-07
Feb-07
Feb-07
Nov-07
Feb-07
Feb-07
Nov-08
Oct-07
V1.0
L–1
D–2
V
L–1
D–2
L–1
D–2
V
V
L–1
D–2
Team Finished
(All victims
Removed)
Or
Team Finished
(Deceased not
removed)
Live Casualties
Extricated
Number of Live
and Deceased
Suspected Victim
Direction
#
DECEASED
REMOVED
Circle when
Finished
PERSONS UNACCOUNTED FOR
LOCATION OF OTHER VICTIMS
TEAM
TIME/DATE OF START
TIME/DATE OF END
Developed by Wollongong City SES
# LIVE
VICTIMS
REMOVED
G or NG
(Go or No Go)
HAZARD INFORMATION
Structure Assessment
Victim Location
V
V
V
Building Sectors
1.2
Preliminary Identification
Potential Victim
Location
Date
0.0
General Rescue - Acronyms
INSARAG Marking Systems
Generators & Lighting
Collapse Patterns (1) - 5 most common
Collapse Patterns (2) - Further 6
Ladders
Improvised Rescue Techniques - Part 1
Improvised Rescue Techniques - Part 2
First Aid (1/2)
First Aid (2/2)
30 Second Triage
Bleeding & Shock
Respiratory Conditions
Medical Emergencies - 1 of 2
Medical Emergencies - 2 of 2 & Cardiac
Spinal Injuries & Burns
Fractures & Associated Injuries
Head Injuries
Chest, Abdomen & Pelvis Injuries
Environmental Emergencies
Poisons, Bites & Stings
Casualty Handling - Without equipment
Casualty Handling - Stretchers (1)
Casualty Handling - Stretchers (2)
SKED Stretcher - Contents
SKED Stretcher - Rigging for Vertical Lift
Fire Extinguishers
Bush Fire Awareness
Ropes and Slings
Synthetic Fibre Rope & Cord
Knots - Natural Fibre Rope
Knots - Synthetic Fibre Rope
Lashings
Rigging and equipment
Anchors - General
Anchors - Minimum Sizes
Anchors - Constructed
Highlines & Cableways
Mechanical Advantage
INSARAG Marking Systems
V Nov 2008
1
2
3
4
1
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15 2
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24 3
25
26
27
4
28
29
30
31 5
32
33
34
35
36 6
37
38
39 7
Page 1 of 3
Table of Contents - Nov 2008
Shoring and
Stabilising
Rescue
Frames
Safety Risk
Management
V Nov 2008
19 Checklists
18 Flood Boat
13 Team Leader
Comms
14
Equipment
12
Storm & Water
11
Damage
10 Chainsaws
9
8
Category
8.1
8.2
8.3
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
10.1
10.2
10.3
11.1
11.2
11.3
11.4
11.5
11.6
11.7
11.8
11.9
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
13.1
14.1
14.2
18.1
18.2
18.3
18.4
18.5
18.6
18.7
19.1
19.2
19.3
19.4
No.
Title
=
1000 W

1A =
Total capacity of appliances
Being used (i.e. lights)
1000 mA
Check sump oil and fuel level
Fuel is on
Choke is on
Electric start switch is on
Pull starter rope and guide return
Turn choke off
Switch off when finished
Keep Generators Dry.
Monitor electrical equipment.
Keep fire extinguishers near generators during operation.
Do not re-fuel the generator while it is running.
Consider exhaust fumes when positioning generators.
Date
Apr-08
Nov-07
Oct-07
Feb-07
Feb-07
Feb-07
Feb-07
Jul-08
Jul-08
Jul-08
Feb-07
Nov-08
Nov-08
Nov-08
Nov-08
Nov-08
Nov-08
Nov-08
Nov-08
Feb-07
Feb-07
Jan-08
Jan-08
Aug-07
Nov-07
Nov-07
Apr-08
Apr-08
Apr-08
Apr-08
Apr-08
Apr-08
Apr-08
Nov-08
Nov-08
Nov-08
Nov-08
1.3
V1.0
x Halogen lights – Allow to cool down after operation.
x Electrical Leads – Must be tested and tagged regularly.
x ELCB/RCDs (Earth leakage circuit breakers) – Should be installed
at the generator end of the leads.
Lighting
x
x
x
x
x
Safety
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Typical Starting Procedure
Generator
Capacity
Capacity
1 kW
Power (W) = Volts (V) x Amps (A)
Power
2.1
2.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
Ver.
0.0
Rescue Frames (1)
Rescue Frames (2)
Rescue Frames (3) - Larkin Frame &
Shoring (1) - Raking Shore
Shoring (2) - Flying Shore
Shoring (3) - Dead Shore
Shoring (4) - Crib Shore
Chainsaw – 1 of 2
Chainsaw – 2 of 2
Chainsaw Kits - Contents
Pumps
Beaufort’s Wind Scale
Sandbagging – 1 of 2
Sandbagging Machine
Nailguns – Safety and Preparation
Nailguns - Operation
EWPs – 1 of 2
EWPs – 2 of 2
Risk Management - Take 5
Risk Management - Risk Matrix
Hazard Identification - Roof Job
Hazard Identification - Tree Job
Callout Procedure
Radio Operations (1)
Flood Boat Safety
Flood Boat Safety Equipment
Pre-Departure Checklist
Pre-Launch Checklist
Post-Recovery Checklist
Navigation Markers
Cardinal Markers
Storm and Flood Callouts
Local Area Searches
Remote Area Searches
Bush Fire Support Callouts
Generators & Lighting
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
Page 2 of 3
No.
20.1
20.2
20.3
20.4
20.5
20.6
Title
Lean over
Date
Nov-08
Nov-08
Nov-08
Nov-08
Nov-08
Nov-08
1.4
V1.0
Wall made of masonry, bricks
or blocks collapses at a 90o
angle covering the ground with the wall for a distance of the height
of the wall.
Angle Wall
Floor above ground level becomes
dislodged from one side of the
structure and falls to the level below.
Lean to floor
Wooden frame building
collapses to one side.
Wall made of bricks
or blocks falls with
the top portion of
the wall falling
inwards and the
bottom portion of
the wall falls
outwards.
Inward or Outward
5 most common
Wall made of bricks or
blocks falls like a curtain,
i.e. drops straight downward.
Curtain fall wall
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
Ver.
0.0
4WD - Preparing to Drive
4WD - Driving Techniques
4WD - Stall Recovery - 3 Methods
4WD - Vehicle Recovery
4WD - Winching Methods and MA
4WD - Winching Methods and MA
Collapse Patterns –
V Nov 2008
77
78
79
4WD
20
80
Operations
81
82
Category
Page 3 of 3
Situation
Mission
Execution
Administration
Command
Floor or ceiling falls flat downwards.
Pancake Floor (Horizontal)
V1.0
1.
2.
3.
Structure Movement
Visual Clues
Audible Clues
Signs of Secondary Collapse
There is an initial failure of a
single primary support member.
A chain reaction of failures
continues in a downward
movement.
A piece of floor, ceiling
or wall falls landing on a
stationary structure and
leaves a large segment
hanging over an open area.
Secondary
Progressive
A floor or ceiling gives way in
the centre and falls
to the floor below.
1.5
Cantilever
A floor or ceiling gives way
in the centre resulting in the
opposite of the " V " type
collapse pattern.
‘V’
further 6
Collapse Patterns –
Inverted ‘A’
Locate
Access
Stabilise
Transport
Reconnaissance & Survey
Elimination of Utilities
Primary Surface Search & Rescue
Exploration of all Voids & Spaces
Access by Selected Debris Removal
Terminate by General Debris Control
R
E
P
E
A
T
L
A
S
T
Search and Rescue
Continuous
Accurate
Rapid
Thorough
Clear Surface Casualties
Rescue Lightly Trapped
Explore Likely Survival Points
Selected Debris Removal
Total Debris Clearance
C
A
R
T
C
R
E
S
T
V1.0
1.1
What has happened
What the task is
How the Task is to be accomplished
What support will be provided and how
Control, Coordination, Communications
Task
Casualties
Hazards
Access/Exits
Resources available
Damage- extent
Stages of Rescue
T
C
H
A
R
D
Reconnaissance
S
M
E
A
C
Briefing and Debriefing
General Rescue – Acronyms
x
x
x
x
x
V2.0
Name
Age/Date of Birth
Sex
What happened?
When did it happen?
Current medical treatment?
Medication?
Allergies?
Bystanders’ information
Next of kin
x
x
x
x
x
Pulse
60-100 beats/min
Breathing
12-20 breaths/min
Skin Temperature
Conscious state
Symptoms/Complaints
Casualty History
x
x
x
x
x
For an
average adult
Compression Type
Approx. Depth
Two Hands
4-5 cm
Heel of Hand
2-3 cm
Index and Middle Finger
1-2 cm
(Check and note time every 15 mins)
Vital Signs
Age Group
Adult
Child (1-8)
Infant (0-1)
2.2
100 compressions / minute
2 compressions / second
Head
Three
Rescuers
Casualty down a ladder
Ratio: 30 compressions : 2 breaths
Rate:
CPR
First Aid
V2.1
Foot
Securing
Single
Rescuer
Two
Rescuers
Position at 75 degrees
Extend 1 m above target
Check for overhead wires
Extension Ladders Overlaps:
o
3 rung small ladder
o
5 rungs large ladder
Putting Up
x
x
x
x
NFR: Bowline
SFR: Figure of Eight Loop
Use round turns around anchor.
Weight of casualty will determine the number of round turns.
Pay out rope hand over hand.
Consider using a second anchor as a back up.
V1.0
V1.0
2.3
STOP 1 short blast
HAUL 2 short blasts
LOWER 1 long blast
Whistle Signals
Four-Point Suspension
- Horizontal
- Keep Stretcher Level
x These are IMPROVISED methods.
x If possible, use a stretcher bridle
and a friction device to control the
load instead of these methods.
Important
Two-Point Suspension
- Vertical
- Stretcher goes down feet first
x Attach guide lines to head and foot of stretcher (Refer to card 3.3).
x Ensure casualty is safely and securely lashed.
x Consider using an anchor back up for each lowering line (round
turns or mechanical friction device).
Two-Point and Four-Point Suspensions
x
x
x
x
Improvised Single Point Lower
Improvised Safety
Line Knots
Safety lines required when working
above 2m or within 2m from an edge
Height Safety
30 Second Triage
Setting Up
1.7
Improvised Rescue
Techniques – Single/Two/Four Point lower
NO
1.6
M
P
R
Ladders
YES
Are They
Breathing?
YES
Mental State
Perfusion
Respiration
Open the
Airway
YES
YES
Are they able
to answer
basic
questions?
Colour
returns in
less than 2
seconds?
Breathing
is less
than 30
bpm?
YES
Did they
start
breathing?
NO
NO
NO
NO
YELLOW
RED
BLACK
Keep the Stretcher Horizontal!
V1.0
V1.0
SWOLLEN THROAT TISSUES
Dial 000
Difficult/noisy breathing,
Conscious: Sit them up, cold compress
swallowing, speaking,
to throat
drooling cyanosis
Unconscious: CPR
CHOKING
Wheezing, noisy/
Reassurance, encourage coughing, 5
laboured breathing,
sharp blows in the middle of the back.
coughing, cyanosis
Place infants/children on lap
TOTAL AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION
Dial 000
Unable to
DRABCD
breathe/cry/cough,
Adults: 5 chest thrusts. Alternate b/w 5
agitated (can’t breathe),
back blows and 5 chest thrusts.
unconsciousness
Children: Place across thigh, head down
HYPERVENTILATION
Dial 000
Rapid/deep/difficult breathing, Encourage to breath normally,
anxiety, flushed face, tingling
monitor and record vital signs
ASTHMA ATTACK
Dial 000
Wheezing, coughing, difficulty Sit up, 4 puffs of Asthma reliever,
breathing, rapid breathing, pale repeat after 4 minutes if no relief
and sweaty, unable to speak
ALWAYS REASSURE THE CASUALTY AND MONITOR VITAL SIGNS
EXTERNAL BLEEDING
Visible Bleeding,
Direct pressure, elevate, pad and
swelling/discolouration, shock bandage, rest, treat for shock.
UNCONTROLLED BLEEDING
Dial 000
Use when all
5 cm wide bandage over single bone,
methods of stopping sufficient pressure to stop bleeding, mark
blood loss have
forehead with ‘T’, record time on casualty,
failed or for traumatic release after 30 minutes, reapply if still
amputations
bleeding uncontrollably
IMPALED OBJECT
Dial 000
Do not remove Control bleeding, stabilize object, treat for shock
AMPUTATED PART
Dial 000
Treat the Casualty: control bleeding, treat for shock
casualty Severed part: Do not wash. Place in clean sealed plastic
first
bag, place bag in cold water, keep with casualty
NOSE BLEED
Direct pressure for 10 minutes, head slightly forwards,
cold compress to back of neck
INTERNAL BLEEDING
Dial 000
Swelling and discolouration, guarding, Direct pressure, cold
rigidity, shock
compress, treat for shock
SHOCK
Dial 000
Faintness, anxiety, pale/cold/sweaty
Lay down and elevate
skin, rapid weak pulse, breathlessness, legs, control bleeding,
thirst, nausea, rapid breathing
keep warm, nil by mouth
2.5
Respiratory Conditions
V2.0
Do not move if suspected spinal injury
9. Back Deformity, swelling, bleeding.
circulation, bruising, check limb power simultaneously.
8. Arms and Hands Deformity, pain, bleeding/
bruising, check limb power simultaneously.
5. Abdomen Swelling/bruising, rigidity/tenderness, pain.
6. Pelvis Spring hips, tenderness, pain, incontinence.
7. Legs and Feet Deformity, pain, bleeding/ circulation,
breathing, squeeze rib cage.
3. Collarbones Swelling/deformities, pain.
4. Chest Swelling/deformities, bleeding, pain, observe
windpipe.
2. Neck Deformities/swelling, pain, feeling, bleeding,
pupils, swelling, bruising, mouth, skin temperature.
1. Head Wounds, pain, fluids, bleeding, deformities,
2.1
Signs & Symptoms / Treatment
2.4
– Take 5
– If unconscious call 000
– Check and clear
– 2 initial breaths if not breathing
– Commence CPR
– If available
Secondary Assessment
Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Compressions
Defibrillation
Primary Assessment
First Aid
Bleeding & Shock
Position the ladder in as flat an angle as possible.
Foot the ladder and, if possible, lash the head.
Shore or prop the ladder mid-span with at least two people.
Feed the stretcher out of the opening feet first.
Climb halfway up the ladder to help guide the stretcher down.
Consider guidelines at the foot of the stretcher for lateral stability.
Slide the stretcher down the ladder.
V1.0
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Ladder Slide
Place the ladder vertically against the wall.
Lift and support the stretcher 250mm above opening.
Lash the foot of the stretcher to the ladder
Foot and, if possible, lash the bottom of the ladder.
Pass the stretcher out by hand until the weight
is supported by the guidelines.
x Walk the ladder back controlling the lower.
x Ensure that sideways stability is applied to the ladder.
x
x
x
x
x
Ladder Hinge
DESIGN CONSTRAINTS
THESE TECHNIQUES ARE IMPROVISED AND USE A LADDER OUTSIDE ITS
x Ensure the casualty is safely and securely lashed.
x Attach lowering lines to the head of the stretcher.
x Consider using an anchor back up for each lowering line (round
turns or mechanical friction device).
x If the ladder is extended to reach the opening, lash the overlap.
Height and Ladder Safety
1.8
Improvised Rescue
Techniques – Ladder Hinge / Ladder Slide
V1.0
Dial 000
Temporary unconsciousness, DRABC, immobilize neck, control
loss of memory,
bleeding. If bleeding from ear,
nausea/vomiting, headache, position with ear down. If conscious,
blurred vision, dizziness
lay down and raise head 10o
FRACTURED SKULL
Dial 000
Skull deformity, head wound, drowsy, lack of
As above
coordination, bleeding into eyes, bruising around
eyes, bleeding/clear fluid from nose/ears, changes
in size/shape/reaction of pupils
TOOTH AND GUM INJURIES
Bleeding, pain, Sit casualty down with head tilted forward, gauze
broken teeth
swab in tooth socket and casualty to bite on it.
Place the tooth in milk
EYE INJURIES
Dial 000
Pain, bleeding/
Foreign Bodies. Check for foreign bodies, flush
watering, eyelid with clean water (or eyewash), cover with pad.
spasms,
Penetrating Injuries. Stabilise object, place
redness, burning drink cup over eye, cover good eye, lay down
sensation,
Chemical Burns. Flush eyes with running water
inability to open for at least 20 minutes
EAR INJURIES
Dial 000
Bleeding or
Bleeding. Place pad over ear, position casualty
foreign bodies injured side down
Foreign Body. Flood with tepid water
JAW INJURIES
Dial 000
Pain, bleeding, deformity, dribbling, Maintain open airway,
unable to open mouth, swelling
casualty to support their jaw
SPINAL INJURY AS WELL
CONCUSSION
WHENEVER THERE IS A HEAD INJURY YOU MUST SUSPECT A POSSIBLE
2.10
Head Injuries
V1.0
FAINTING
Pale/cold/clammy skin, slow weak
Conscious. Lie down and
pulse, yawning, light-headedness Æ elevate legs.
unconsciousness
Unconscious. Side Position
STROKE
Dial 000
Sudden severe headache, face flushed
DRABC
warm or ashen grey, slow breathing,
Conscious. Lie down,
unequal pupils, weakness on one side,
raise head 30o.
Unconscious. Place
unconsciousness, blurred vision, slurred
speech, loss of bowel/bladder control, facial on affected side.
droop/salivary drool.
SEIZURES
Dial 000
Aura, collapse, spasmodic
During. Protect casualty from
movements, loss of bladder/
injury, protect head
bowel control, cyanosis, dilated After. Check airway and
slow reacting pupils,
breathing, side position, cover
drowsiness afterwards
casualty.
Make comfortable,
treat for shock, nil by
mouth
V1.0
FLAIL CHEST
Deformity, pain, difficulty breathing,
bruising, tenderness, cyanosis,
shock.
SUCKING CHEST WOUND
Dial 000
Pain, difficulty breathing, obvious
Sit up leaning to injured side,
chest wound, coughing up blood, air airtight dressing sealed with
sucked in and out of chest cavity,
tape on three sides – bottom
shock
open, treat for shock
ABDOMINAL INJURY (AND EXPOSED BOWEL)
Dial 000
Pain, guarding,
Conscious. Half sitting position, knees raised
bleeding, rigidity, and supported. Control bleeding
nausea, exposed Unconscious. Cover exposed bowel with moist
bowel, shock
non-stick dressing. Control bleeding
PELVIC INJURY
Dial 000
Pain, guarding, wish Casualty in comfortable position, control
to urinate, shock
bleeding, support fractured area
FEMALE GENITALS
Dial 000
Pain, bleeding,
Lay casualty on their back with legs raised,
rigidity, shock
control bleeding
MALE GENITALS
Dial 000
Pain, nausea,
Lay casualty on their back with knees slightly
swelling, guarding
bent, cold compress to affected area
Dial 000
Casualty in comfortable
position, keep arm on injured
side against rib cage
Dial 000
As above
FRACTURED RIBS
Local pain, bruising, tenderness,
difficulty breathing, deformity.
2.11
Chest, Abdomen & Pelvis
Injuries
V1.0
ANGINA
Chest pain on exertion, shortness of breath, light Rest, assist with
headedness, pale sweaty skin
medication
HEART ATTACK
Dial 000
Sudden crushing chest pain, shortness of breath, Rest
pale cold sweaty skin, rapid/weak/irregular pulse,
fear, anxiety, nausea or vomiting.
CARDIAC ARREST
Dial 000
Heart stops beating, no pulse, no breathing,
DRABCD
pale/grey/cyanosed
Cardiac Conditions
FEBRILE CONVULSIONS
Flushed hot skin, eyes During. Place on the floor, turn on the
rolled back, stiff/floppy, side, do not restrain.
convulsions
After. Remove clothing, rest on their side
ANAPHYLAXIS
Dial 000
Swelling of throat, wheezing,
Lie down, cold compress to throat
itching, metallic taste in mouth, Inject Epi-pen®, if available.
cramps and nausea, collapse,
DRABCD
unconscious.
Dial 000
DRABC
Conscious. Give
sugary drink.
Unconscious. Side
position
2.7
DIABETIC EPISODE
Hypoglycaemia: Rapid/weak pulse,
cold/clammy/sweaty skin, muscular
weakness, confusion, trembling, hunger
pangs, convulsions, unconsciousness.
Hyperglycaemia: Deep/rapid breathing,
red/dry/flushed face, thirsty, needs to
urinate, confusion (resemble drunkenness),
sickly sweet breath, unconsciousness.
ABDOMINAL
Pain, nausea, vomiting, raised temperature,
abdominal rigidity, diarrhea, shock
Medical Emergencies – 2 of 2
2.6
Medical Emergencies – 1 of 2
2.8
V1.0
HEAT SYNCOPE
Pale, cold, clammy skin, slow, weak Lay on side, remove excess
pulse, light-headed, unconscious
clothing, cool by fanning
HEAT CRAMPS
Pale, clammy skin, cramping
Rest in shade, stretch affected
pains in affected area, nausea muscle, ice pack, sips of water
HEAT EXHAUSTION
Dial 000
Pale, cold, clammy skin. Rapid, weak
Lay down on a cool place,
pulse and breathing, profuse sweating, loosen and remove excess
thirst, nausea, vomiting, constant
clothing, cool by fanning,
headache, cramps, dilated pupils.
sips of cool water.
HEAT STROKE
Dial 000
Dry, red hot skin, rapid weak
Place in cool spot, remove
pulse, pupils constricted, stopped clothing and cool, treat for shock,
sweating, irrational, headache,
apply cold packs to neck,
vomiting, collapse and seizures
armpits, groin, behind knees
MILD HYPOTHERMIA
Shivering, cold skin, poor
Remove wet clothing, rewarm
coordination, slow thinking,
slowly, put on dry, warm clothing.
slurred speech
Give hot, sweet drinks.
MODERATE HYPOTHERMIA
Most shivering stopped, confusion, memory loss,
As above plus:
muscle tightness, slow pulse and breathing
Do not rub skin
SEVERE HYPOTHERMIA
Dial 000
As above + pupils fixed & dilated, no As above + rewarm gently with
shivering, irregular pulse & breathing, warm water bottles to neck,
gradual loss of consciousness
armpits, groin, behind knees.
FROSTBITE
Dial 000
Numbness of affected part, Remove clothing restricting circulation,
skin is wax-like, lack of
place affected part in hot water for 15movement and circulation,
60 minutes, treat for shock, cover part
pain when rewarming
with dry, sterile and bulky dressing.
2.12
Environmental Emergencies
V1.0
Dial 000
DRABCD
Burns.
Flush area with clean water for 20 minutes,
remove rings and jewelry, cover area with damp
dressing and follow with a dry dressing.
Chemical Burns.
Avoid contact with chemical or contaminated
material, flush area with clean water for 20
minutes, remove contaminated clothing. Refer to
MSDS or ring 131 126.
Electrical Burns
Ensure power source is off before approaching.
BURNS
Red, blistering,
white or
blackened
skin. Straw
coloured liquid
oozing, pain,
shock,
breathing
difficulties,
altered
consciousness
Burns
SPINAL INJURIES
Dial 000
Pain, weakness of extremities,
Conscious. Do not move,
numbness or tingling, loss of
treat for shock.
feeling, wounds, priapism, loss of
Unconscious. DRABC, head
control of bladder and bowel
support, keep warm.
Spinal Injuries
2.9
V1.0
POISONING: DRABCD, 000. DIAL 131 126
Dial 000
SNAKES
Dial 000
Fang marks, headache, nausea, vomit, abdominal pain, Apply
blood in urine, blurred vision, difficult to swallow & speak, PIT, start
limb paralysis, swollen glands, sweating, stop breathing resus.
FUNNEL WEB AND MOUSE SPIDER
Dial 000
Tingling around mouth, muscular spasm, weakness,
Apply PIT,
pain at site, sweating and salivating, confusion, coma start resus.
BOX JELLY FISH
Dial 000
Immediate and sever burning pain, multiple Pour vinegar, cold
whip wheals, restlessness, irrational
packs. Do not apply
behaviour, nausea and vomiting, collapse
PIT. Start resus.
BLUE RINGED OCTOPUS, CONE SHELL
Dial 000
Numbness & tingling around the mouth, blood & no
Apply PIT,
pain at site, weakness, leading to respiratory arrest.
start resus.
REDBACK SPIDER
Dial 000
Intense pain, profuse sweating, swollen glands, Apply ice. Do not
nausea, vomiting, rapid pulse, weak muscles
apply PIT
OTHER SPIDERS, SCORPIONS AND CENTIPEDES
Pain, red lump,
Ice compress. In case of allergic reaction
headache, nausea
start resus. Apply PIT.
TICKS
Irritation, lethargy, muscle weakness, Pull out tick by the head with
double vision, unsteady gait
tweezers, apply antiseptic.
BEES, WASPS AND ANTS
Dial 000
Painful, red swelling, allergic Remove bee sting, ice compress. In
symptoms, itchy rash, facial case of allergic reaction start resus.
swelling, difficulty breathing. Apply PIT. Epi-pen
STONEFISH, STINGRAY
Pain and Swelling, grey/blue Place part in warm water, or apply a
skin, irrational behaviour
cold compress. Do not apply PIT
2.13
Poisons, Bites & Stings
V1.0
Immobilise at joint above and below site of
fracture, elevate, tie off on uninjured side, check
for circulation
Collarbone Elevated arm sling
Upper Arm Collar and cuff sling
Forearm Splint, roll bandage under hand, sling
Lower Leg Use padding, position bandages
before tying off. Fig 8 at feet, above and below
break, above knees
Thigh Fig 8 at feet, above & below, 2 on lower leg.
Knee Fig 8 at knee, Splint under whole leg, fig 8 at
ankle, above and below break, elevate
Hip Fig 8 around feet, broad bandage above
knees, pad on both sides
DISLOCATIONS
Dial 000
Pain, inability to move, deformity,
Rest and support, cold
tenderness, swelling, discolouration
pack, immobilize
BRUISES, SPRAINS, STRAINS
Pain, swelling, R Rest.
bleeding into
I Ice. Cool for 20 minutes every 2 hours
tissue
C Compression. Roller elastic bandage for 2 hours
E Elevation.
CRUSH INJURIES
Dial 000
Remove crushing force as soon as possible Treat for shock
FRACTURES
Pain,
tenderness,
loss of power,
swelling,
bleeding and
shock,
crepitus, open
wounds,
discolouration,
shortening of
limb, deformity
Fractures – & Associated Injuries
3. Firefighter’s Crawl
2. Pick-a-back Carry
5. Fore and Aft Method
3. Three-handed Seat
V1.0
Leg
Injury
Developed By Wollongong City SES
3.5
SKED Stretcher (2)
Rigging for Vertical Lift
Injured
Side
4. Four-handed Seat
2. Two-handed Seat
1. Two-Rescuer Human Crutch
Two-Rescuer Techniques
V1.0
Without Equipment
1. Single Rescuer Human Crutch
Single Rescuer Techniques
3.1
V2.0
V1.0
3. Clothing Lift (3)
3. Side Position Blanketing
Stretchers (1)
3.2
4.1
4. Webbing bands/tape Lift (5)
2. Blanket Lift (4-6)
1. Four-Rescuer
Lift (4)
Loading
2. Double-Blanket Method
1. Single Blanket Method
Blanketing
Casualty Handling –
Fire Extinguisher Selection Chart
Casualty Handling –
Fire Triangles
Stretchers (2)
3.3
Spot
Fires
underwear/socks
(no synthetics)
x Cotton/wollen
L Lookout (for danger)
A Awareness (of hazards)
C Communications (Sitreps)
E Escape Routes (from fire)
S Safety Zones (to escape to)
V1.0
Always
x Move to bare, clean or burnt ground. In a Vehicle
x Remove fuel containers.
x Ensure PPE is complete.
x Close windows and
x Send out an 'Emergency' priority
doors.
radio call.
x Turn headlights, hazards
On Foot
and beacons on.
x Shelter in a depression
x Lie as low as possible
x Do NOT run away uphill or through
x Cover crew with 100%
the flames.
woollen blankets
Fire Overrun
Head
Fingers
Flanks/Sides
Situational Awareness
Unburnt
Pocket
x Neck flaps
x Goggles
x Face / Neck protection
PPE on the Fire Ground
x Overalls
x Gloves
x Helmets
Rear or
Heel
Point of
Origin
x Fire (smoke, radiant heat, overrun).
x Surroundings (falling branches, rolling
logs, burning buildings, power lines).
x Within yourself (heat stress,
exhaustion, fatigue, dehydration).
x Other Personnel (moving vehicles,
chainsaws).
x Firefighting Activities (water bombing,
back burning).
Risks on the Fireground
Structure of a bush fire
4.2
Figure of
8 Loops
Bush Fire Awareness
V1.0
Basket Stretcher
Improvised
Bush Stretcher
Guide Lines
Feet First
x Calls: Prepare to X, X, Stop
Head Above Feet
x Vertical: Secure Head
Over Water: PFD and No Lashings
Narrow Openings: Halve an Extension Ladder
Stable Side
Position
Basket Stretcher
Folding Stretcher
x
x
x
x
Moving
Folding Stretcher
Start: Clove Hitch Finish: Round Turn two half hitches
Use: Natural fibre rope, Synthetic fibre rope or Tape
Lashing
Casualty Handling
–
Knot
64
113
Bend
64
113
D2
2/3 x D2
2/3 x SWL
2/3 x SWL
1/2 x SWL
V1.0
D
SWL
MBF
=
=
=
=
=
=
100/13 x D2
1/20 x D2
MBF / 8
8 x D2
2/3 x SWL
10 x Drope
Rope/Chain Diameter (mm)
Safe Working Load (kg)
Minimum Breaking Force
SWL (kg)
=
MBF (tonne) =
SWL (tonne) =
(Single leg vertical lift)
Chain Slings:
Wire Rope Slings:
Slings
Steel Wire Rope
SWL (kg)
Bent Wire Rope
SWL (kg)
Smallest D to wrap rope around
5.1
Sharps
48
85
Steel Wire Rope (For Fibre Core Steel Wire Rope)
Whipping
Used
96
170
New
144
256
Diameter
12 (mm)
16 (mm)
SWL
(kg)
(kg)
SWL (kg)
SWL (kg)
SWL (kg)
SWL (kg)
SWL (kg)
New Rope
Used Rope
Knots in Rope
Circular Object
Sharp Edge
=
=
=
=
=
Ropes and Slings
Natural Fibre Rope
3.4
Developed By Wollongong City SES
SKED Stretcher
Backpack Carrying Case
Horizontal Lift Slings
Vertical Lift Sling –10m x 9mm Static
Rescue Lifeline
Large Steel Screwgate Karabiner
Tow Strap
Removable Webbing Handles
V1.0
1
1
4
1
1
2
1
Kit Contents
SKED Stretcher (1)
Minimum Diameter 11 mm
Static Kernmantel Construction
Minimum Rated Strength 3000 kg
100% polyamide
Max 3% elongation at 80kg load
Max 20% elongation at 375 kg load
Min 20% elongation at 3000 kg load
Sheath slippage of not more than 40 mm
11
13
16
3000
3600
4500
MBF
(kg)
700-750
1000-1200
1200-1500
1600-1800
4
5
6
People
(90 kg each)
1
1
2
2
V1.0
6.1
Sit Harness
Improvised Harnesses
Chest Harness
2 Wraps
3 Wraps
3mm less than rope
400 kg
120 kg
120 kg
Personal use
6 mm
Rescue load
8 mm
Minimum Cord Diameter
(Minimum Requirements)
Prusik Loops
SWL
SWL
SWL
SWL = 250 kg
MBL
MBL
MBL
2000 kg
600 kg
600 kg
MBL = 2000 kg
(Also Cord and Rescue Rope)
Hardware = 5
General
Ascenders
X-loaded krabs
Hardware
Tape
Software
Software = 8
Safety Factors
AS4142.3
Compliant
5.2
375
450
562
SWL
(kg)
90
125
150
200
Rigging and Equipment
V1.0
Karabiner Cross-loading:
(Safe loads on system)
0o < D < 60o Æ OK
60o < D < 90o Æ Up to 280 kg
90o < D < 120o Æ Up to 140 kg
D > 120o Æ DANGER
Principle of IYT Loading
Rope
Cord
Diameter
(mm)
6
7
8
9
Rated Strength and Safe Working Load
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Criteria for Synthetic Fibre Rescue Rope
Synthetic Fibre Rope & Cord
Fisherman’s Bend
Four-legged sling
6.2
onto karabiner
attached to
tape sling
around
anchor
Sling on a
vertical Anchor
V1.0
x Should be as short as possible, double or quad if necessary.
Tape slings
Minimum Tail: 75 mm SFR Knots OK for NFR (Not Vice-versa)
Unlocked
Locked
Descender Descender
x Ask another team member to check your system
before using it.
x Look for the strongest possible anchor.
x Try to select anchors that will be as low as possible
and in line with the direction of pull.
x Protect ropes and slings from abrasion and damage.
x Ensure that the gate of the anchor karabiner is
closed, locked and orientated downwards and
outwards if possible.
ALWAYS
When using descenders ensure safety
gates are properly located and secured.
Round turn two half hitches
Tensionless hitch
Round turn two half hitches
Munter Hitch
Goldtail or Whaletail
Anchor Safety
x
x
x
x
x
Adjustable Anchor Attachments
x Anchors can be natural, improvised or constructed.
x Simplest and quickest improvised anchor is to use a vehicle.
Try to use chassis, avoid towbar and bullbar.
x If using trees as anchors protect the trunk to prevent ring barking.
Anchors – General
Safety line
To haul/lower
equipment
Chair Knot
V2.0
Portuguese Bowline
Rope to Becket
of pulley
Bowline
Guideline to stretcher
Non-slip Anchor
Safety line
NF Lines to Tarps
Buntline Hitch
.
5.3
Join two ropes
In Improvised chest harness
(Not for life loads)
Anchoring Lines
Synthetic Lines to Tarps
Double sheet bend
Stretcher Lashing
Starts and Finish Lashing
Clove Hitch
For lifting spars
Start of diagonal lashing
Requires half hitch for safety
Timber Hitch
Half Hitch
Knots – Natural Fibre Rope

V1.0
(Attach Low)
(1m x 1m x 0.5m)
Tree Trunk Diameter > 150 mm
Rock Volume > 0.5 m3
Rocks and Trees:
Size > 75 mm wide and deep
Length/Width < 20
(Anchor Close to Supports)
Beams and Columns:
200 kg/inch
1 x 10 mm
1 x 14 mm or 2 x 10 mm
Area > 300 mm2
Rule of Thumb for a 6 mm Fillet Weld:
(Factor of safety = 5)
Welds:
Loaded in Tension:
Loaded in Shear:
Bolt Diameter:
Steel Plate Thickness:
5 mm
Dist from plate to edge of hole: 12 mm
Direct Karabiner Attachment:
11 x 11 mm or
10 x 12 mm or 13 mm
Diameter Loaded in Shear: 10 mm
Size for Tension Member:
Structural Steel:
6.3
(Italian Friction Hitch)
Anchor knot around a
karabiner
Belay Anchor
Anchors – Minimum Sizes
V2.0
Joins rescue rope of equal
or unequal diameter
Double Fisherman’s Knot
Anchor Knot
Stretcher Lashing
Round Turn two half Hitches
Forms loop along rope
3 way load
Munter Hitch
Non-slip knot
Anchoring knot
Attachment knot
Stopper Knot
Loop used as
safety line
Alpine Butterfly
Figure of Eight on the bight
Anchor Knot
Anchor Point: 8 x D rope
Tensionless Hitch
5.4
Figure of Eight
Stopper knot
Thumb Knot
Knots – Synthetic Fibre Rope
Minimum Tail: 75 mm SFR Knots OK for NFR (Not Vice-versa)
(Two poles parallel)
Start: Clove hitch around one pole
Turns: 8 around both poles upwards
Frapping: 3 around lashing
Finish: Clove hitch on opposite pole
Ledger:
2 and 1
Log-and-Picket Holdfast
V1.0
Pickets 400-500 mm apart
Second row 1m behind first
6.4
3, 2 and 1
1 and 1
Buried Holdfast
Loading:
- Loads up to 2 tonnes
- 1.5m x 25mm mild steel picket = 350 kg
Picket Lashing:
- Lash using 12mm NFR
- Lash at 90 deg to pickets
- Start: Clove hitch at head
- 4 turns higher at head
- frapping turns
- Finish: Clove hitch
Ground Plate Holdfast
x
x
Placement
- 90 deg to line of pull (away from the load)
- 2/3 of length in the ground
- At least 750 mm apart
Picket Holdfast
x
5.5
Horizontal
Anchors - Constructed
V1.0
Vertical
Start: Clove hitch around outside pole
Turns: 8 figure of eights upwards
Frapping: 3 around lashing on L side
Frapping: 3 around lashing on R side
Finish: Clove hitch on opposite pole
Standard:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Figure of Eight (Three poles for a tripod)
1.
2.
3.
4.
(Two poles at an angle)
Start: Timber hitch horizontally
Turns: 4 Vertical
Turns: 4 Horizontal
Finish: Clove hitch on ledger
Round
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
(Two poles at right angles)
Use 12 mm NFR
Start: Clove hitch on standard below ledger
Turns: 4 Up Around Standard Inwards
Finish: Clove hitch on ledger
Diagonal
1.
2.
3.
4.
Square
Lashings
6.5
d
(@ 5% sag: Tension = 5 x Load)
=
=
=
=
IE: TANDEM PRUSIK BELAY LOAD
RELEASING HITCH
8.3
V1.0
on the inside of the frame.
- Ensure the hinge pipe is at right angles
to the rear guy.
- Secure the feet to avoid rotation or movement :
x Drill two small holes into the rock to seat the feet rock spikes, or
x Tie the foot with redirect pulley forward to a solid object, or
x Rig a counter balance weight (bag full of rocks) over the edge back
to the foot with the redirect pulley, or
x In soft ground use soft ground feet and secure with pickets.
(Only the side with the redirect pulley needs securing).
- Joining pins to point down with the bails
Larkin Frame Safety
x SWL 400kg
Weight: 40kg
x Reach out from edge:
Full size - 2.5m Half size - 1.2m
x Fails safe (Moves away from Edge).
Edge management system
Anti-splay
System
Weight: 26kg
Max Leg Spread 2.6m
Assemble away from edge.
Adjust individual leg height to suit terrain.
Ensure anti-splay system is in place.
If Possible, bolt or peg feet for stability.
Ensure direction of haul is in line with a leg.
Larkin Frame
-
Tripod Safety
x SWL 350kg
x Max Height 3.0m
Anti-twist
Line
(optional)
Load Line
Guide Line
x Use a 3:1 Z-Rig to tension.
x Use a releasable safety B
Access to shafts or Pits
Tripod & Larkin Frame
SRTE Standard Tripod
Span
Line
Rigging
Plate
Cableways
Anti-twist
Line
(optional)
Travelling
Rig
Travelling Rig
To Rescuer
and Casualty
Abseil
Line
Tension, kg
Load, kg
Span, m
Sag, m
Rescue Frames (3)
V2.0
To 3:1 Z-Rig with
releasable safety
Cableway
Load 180 kg (Rescuer + Cas + Gear)
Rope SWL Min Sag Sag for Span (m)
Dia (kg) Allowed 100 50
25
16 562
8%
8
4
2
13 450 10 %
10
5
3
11 375 12 %
12
6
3
Example
T
W
L
s
Tension on Rope for 5% Sag:
T5% = W x L
4xs
Spanline SWL / 50
Max. Load / 10
Haul and Hold 50 kg
lesser of
x Maximum Tension - up to rope SWL or
x Minimum Sag - at least 5% sag
Tensioning Criteria:
Assume 1 Hauler can:
Max. number of
haulers to tension
the spanline
x Always tension the spanline when it is loaded with the maximum
load it will handle.
Tensioning the Spanline
Highlines & Cableways
5 to 1
3 to 1
Ԝ
ԝ
Ԟ
ԟ
4
5
6
Prevents Vertical Wall from Falling
3
9.1
Max
Raker
Wall-Plate Sole-Plate
Strut
Height (m)
(mm)
(mm)
(mm)
(mm)
4.5
100 x 100 240 x 50
240 x 75
100 x 50
6.0
125 x 125 240 x 75
240 x 75
100 x 50
7.5
150 x 150 240 x 75
240 x 75 150 x 100
Recommended Sizes
Install Wall-Plate. Pack behind it if required.
Position Raker. 30o at the head and 60o at the foot.
Nail a Cleat where it meets the Raker.
Position the Sole-Plate at right angles to the Raker. Excavate or build
up as required.
Nail a Cleat to the Sole-Plate. Leave 50mm for wedges.
Tighten Raker using the wedges. Or cut a recess and use a lever.
Secure the end of the Sole-Plate with a stake or spike.
Fix Strut to Raker and Wall-Plate.
V1.0
8
2
Ԙ
ԙ
Ԛ
ԛ
7
1
Raking Shore
7.1
6 to 1
3 to 1 bolt on
Shoring (1) – Raking Shore
Assume 1 Hauler can:
x Haul and Hold 50 kg
x Continuously Haul 20 kg
V2.0
Z - Rig Lowering
Z - Rig Hauling
4 to 1
2 to 1
Mechanical Advantage
Lower or raise casualties from structure
1 m horizontal projection
Pulley lashed 300 mm from end
Lashing using rope or tape
Casualty out feet first
(Lower or raise casualties from structure)
(1)
V2.1
Head: 500 mm long
500mm from top
Lashing: Square
Guy Anchors: 4
Shallow hole for butt
Max luff < 1/3 x height
Initial luff < 1/5 x height
9.2
6
5
8
2
Set job the out on the ground first.
Nail Cleats for horizontal beam to Wall-plates. Allow space for wedges.
Nail Cleats for Struts to Wall-plate.
Set the Struts at 45o to horizontal beam.
Measure the length of the Straining Pieces. Allow space for Wedges.
Hold the Wall-plates in position and pack behind them if required.
Place the Horizontal beam with Straining pieces on centre Cleats.
Tighten Wedges between the shore and the Wall-plate.
Place struts in position and tighten Wedges.
7
9
Braces damaged wall against sound wall
3
4
V1.0
Maximum Span Distance: 7.5m
Recommended Intervals: 2.5 to 3.5
Max
Horizontal Wall-Plate
Strut
height (m) Beam (mm)
(mm)
(mm)
3.0
150 x 100
175 x 50 100 x 100
4.5
150 x 150
175 x 50 100 x 100
6.0
150 x 150
240 x 50 100 x 100
Recommended Sizes
Ԙ
ԙ
Ԛ
ԛ
Ԝ
ԝ
Ԟ
ԟ
Ԡ
Flying Shore
8.1
Shoring (2) – Flying Shore
x
x
x
x
x
x
Standing Derrick
Common Features of Rescue Frames:
x Lashing: 12 mm NF
x Guys:
16 mm NF or 11mm SR
Top: clove hitch (if halving a rope) or
round turn 2 half hitches.
Bottom: round turn 2 half hitches.
Distance to Frame: 2 x Height.
x Sling: Lashing protected, as short as possible.
x Redirect loadline at the base.
x
x
x
x
x
Jib
Rescue Frames
V2.0
Figure of eight
Distance = ½
height
x Lashing 1m from head
x Reverse centre pole
x Cross outer poles under
middle pole
x Secure poles (tape,
rope, timber)
x Butt
x Lashing:
Tripod
ԝ
Ԝ
Ԙ
ԙ
Ԛ
ԛ
3
5
4
1
6
2
Carries vertical load of wall or floor
9.3
V1.0
1. Secure Wooden Base Plates if required.
2. Set up level in position
3. Locate centrally under load and support
(Load square to the base and head)
4. Use the screw to expand it
Vertical, Horizontal or Diagonal Position
Acrow Props
Lay Sole-piece in position on a solid foundation.
Hold the Head-piece in position.
Cut ends of Vertical Shores square.
Place the Vertical Shores upright between the Sole and Head-piece.
Shorter length = Greater load-carrying capacity.
Secure the Vertical shores with Wedges between the Shores and the
Sole-piece. Tighten wedges simultaneously. Don’t drive wedges too
tightly to avoid a lifting effect.
Nail Struts diagonally to Head-piece, Vertical Shores and Sole-piece.
Dead Shore
8.2
Lashing: Round
Guy Anchors: 2
Fore guy to rear pole
Rear guy to front pole
Butt Distance = 1/3
height of pole
Secure poles (tape, rope,
timber)
Max luff < 1/3 x height
Initial luff < 1/5 x height
(2)
Shoring (3) – Dead Shore
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
‘A’ Frame
Rescue Frames
Timber Supported
(mm)
Weight
100 x 100
12 t
100 x 100
24 t
150 x 150
30 t
150 x 150
60 t
150 x 150
576 t
Connects existing voids
V1.0
Level
Pump is located within the fluid.
Switch
Restricted size and power sources.
Good to use inside buildings.
Level switch provides automatic cut-out
when the water reaches a minimum level.
x Level switch must be free-floating in the
water for the pump to operate.
x Be aware of lead placement if electrically powered.
x
x
x
x
V1.0
12+ Hurricane
118+
(64+)
103 -117
(53 - 63)
9
Submersible Pumps
Violent
Storm
76 - 87
(41 - 47)
Strong
Gale
8
11
63 - 75
(34 - 40)
Gale
7
88 - 102
(48 - 55)
51 - 62
(28 - 33)
Near
Gale
6
x Pump is isolated from the fluid.
x Restricted portability and toxic fumes
from power sources.
x Move a large volume of water in a short
period of time.
x Pump must be primed prior to pumping.
Storm
40 - 50
(22-27)
Strong
Breeze
5
10
30 - 39
(17 - 21)
Fresh
Breeze
Centrifugal Surface Pumps
20 - 29
(11 - 16)
Moderate
Breeze
Gentle
Breeze
4
12 - 19
(7 - 10)
Light
Breeze
2
Maximum pump head capacity: maximum vertical distance
between the pump and the water outflow point.
7 – 11
(4 - 6)
Light Air
km/h
(knots)
0
1–6
(1 - 3)
1
Title
Calm
0
Description
On Land
At Sea
Smoke rises vertically Sea like a mirror.
Wind felt on face.
Ripples without crests.
Leaves rustle.
Small wavelets. Crests of
Wind felt on face.
glassy appearance, not
Leaves rustle. Flags
breaking.
Flap.
Leaves and small
Large wavelets. Crests begin
twigs in constant
to break; scattered whitecaps.
motion. Flags
extended.
Raises dust and loose
paper. Small
Small waves.
branches are moved.
Small trees in leaf
Moderate longer waves. Some
begin to sway.
foam and spray.
Large branches in
motion. Wires whistle. Large waveswith foam crests
and some spray.
Umbrellas used with
difficulty.
Whole trees in
Sea heaps up and foam
motion. Effort needed
begins to streak.
walking against wind.
Twigs break off trees. Moderately high waves with
Progress generally
breaking crests forming
impeded.
spindrift. Streaks of foam.
High waves. With dense foam.
Slight structural
Wave crests start to roll over.
damage.
Considerable spray.
Seldom experienced
Very high waves. The sea
inland. Trees
surface is white and there is
uprooted.
considerable tumbling.
Considerable
Visibility is reduced.
structural damage.
Widespread structural
Exceptionally high waves.
damage.
Huge waves. Air is filled with
Considerable and
foam and spray. Sea
widespread damage
completely white with driving
to structures.
spray. Visibility greatly
reduced.
11.2
Beaufort Wind Scale
V1.0
Tension
V1.0
x A wall 1m high by 10m long requires six rows above ground and
one below and takes about 1200 sandbags.
x 1 metric tonne of sand fills about 50 sandbags (2/3 full).
x Four people take one hour to fill by hand and lay about 60
sandbags.
x The general public can help to fill and lay sandbags. They must
be briefed, supervised and equipped with PPE (ie: gloves).
x For large-scale operations, use a sandbagging machine.
Planning considerations
x The face must be sloped, with the
base set on firm ground.
x The ratio of height to width must
be 4:1.
x The maximum height is 1.5m.
x Key into the ground one sandbag
Waterproofing a Sandbag Wall
deep and two wide.
x Thread plastic sheeting through the
layers, not on the outside wall.
Sandbag Wall
x Use proper techniques when lifting
and carrying sandbags.
x Sand becomes heavier when wet.
x Wear work gloves and avoid
contact with eyes and mouth.
x Use rubber gloves if in contact with
storm water.
Typical Sandbag Wall
Safety
11.3
Compression
V1.0
Bottom Bind
Bind Relationships (Tension and Compression)
Top Bind
Visual inspection - Clean machine.
Chain Oil and fuel levels correct.
Chain brake operates.
Throttle trigger and STOP button works.
Chain bar mounted correctly.
Chain tensioned correctly.
Chain Sharp.
Guide bar in good condition.
Chain catcher in good condition.
Pre-start checks
x Stop the engine before refueling.
x Do not start the saw at the place of refueling.
Refueling:
To prevent it:
x Do not cut with the bar nose.
x Be aware of the location of the guide bar nose at all times.
x Cut at high engine speed.
x Do not cut above shoulder height.
Can occur when:
x The upper quadrant of the bar is
used to cut or
x The chain at the nose of the guide
bar is pinched during cutting.
Kickback
Danger
Zone
5 Clean machine.
5 Sharpen chain.
5 Chain lubrication.
5 Working chain brake.
Kickback
Post-Finishing checks
10.2
Post start check
Chainsaw – 2 of 2
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
x Use two hands when cutting.
x Cut uphill or to the side of the target.
x Do not stand in front of the saw when cutting.
Cutting:
x Stop the chainsaw for longer distances.
3
11.1
x Ear muffs/protection
x Chaps
x Gloves (optional)
10.1
Transporting: x Engage the brake when moving short distances.
1m3 = 1000 L = 1000 kg of water
Pump Capacity
V=LxBxH
Water Volume
Pumps
V1.0
Signals:
One Pull – Stop/OK
Two Pulls – Advance
Three Pulls – Retreat/Come out
Continuous Pull – Distress
x To be used as a last resort.
x From the lowest possible level.
x All rescuers must wear lifelines.
Tunneling
Softwood vs. Hardwood
x Softwood is lighter than hardwood.
x Softwood gives advanced warning of material failure.
x Hardwood is stronger.
Crib
Points
2x2
3x3
2x2
3x3
8x8
Recommended Sizes
Chainsaw Safety
Angled Cribbing:
x Maximum Height: 1 x footprint
Helmet
Overalls
Visor
Safety Glasses
Chainsaw PPE
Chainsaw – 1 of 2
x
x
x
x
Supports load from below
9.4
x Do not place hands between cribbing and load.
x Do not stack blocks more than two high in the
same direction.
x Maximum Height: 3 x footprint.
x Overlap corners by width of timber.
Crib Shore
Shoring (4) – Crib Shore
2 2.5 L x Bar Oil
1 6.0 L x 2-stroke mixed fuel
1 1.0 L x 2-stroke Oil
: 1
OR
1.0 L : 30 mL
4.85 L : 150 mL (5.0 L mix )
5.8 L : 180 mL (6.0 L mix)
Maintenance Check List
1 Chainsaw + Bar cover
1 Miniboss + Bar cover
3 Spare bars
(1 x large, 2 x small)
5 Spare chains
(2 x large, 3 x small)
1 Hatchet
1 Tool Kit
3 Wedges
1 Rag
Tool Kit Contents
Cable tied the box
V1.0
Laying a Corner
x A tamped sandbag is about 150mm high, 250mm wide and
500mm long.
x A standard sandbag, properly filled, weighs around 18 kilograms.
x Sandbags should be 1/2 to 2/3 full.
x Lay the bags in horizontal courses of headers and stretchers.
x Start and finish the wall with headers.
x Stagger joints in adjacent courses.
x Do not place necks or side seams on the outer face of the wall
x Tie the necks for transport only. Untie and flatten the necks under
the next sandbag
x After each bag is laid, beat it into shape with a pick handle or
similar.
Laying bags
11.4
V2.0
IF THE KIT IS INCOMPLETE TAG IT WITH A
WARNING TAG AND TELL YOUR TEAM LEADER
5
Have You?…
1 Combination Tool
2 File guide + file + handle 5 Cleaned the chainsaw
(1 x 3/16”, 1 x 5/32”)
5 Sharpened the chain
6 Spare Round Files
5 Started the chainsaw
(3 x 3/16”, 3 x 5/32”)
5 Replaced the bar cover
2 Flat Files
5 Topped up fuel and oil
1 Depth Gauge
5 Checked the tool kit roll
1 Cleaning Brush
5 Checked the chainsaw box
1 Tree Spike / mini vice
33
Fuel Mix Ratio
Oil & Fuel (Stored Separately)
10.3
Chainsaw Box Contents
Chainsaw Kits – Contents
RIGHT
V1.0
THIS SECTION IS UNDER DEVELOPMENT
Estimating the Weight of a Tree
1 Long, 2 Short Blasts
STOP
1 Short Blast
LEFT
DOWN
UP
1 Long, 1 Short Blast
1 Long Blast
2 Short Blasts
11.9
Hand and Whistle Signals
EWPs – 2 of 2
V1.0
x Hopper capacity - 1.36 m3 per hopper.
x Dimensions - 2.6m H x 2.4m W x 1.2m D.
x Each hopper has individual controls.
Dual Hopper Unit
x Hopper capacity - 1.15 cubic metre.
x Dimensions - 2.6m H x 1.8m W x 1.2m D.
Single Hopper unit
x Manual control - foot pedal operates the feeder chute.
x Automatic control - set the electric timer, depress the foot pedal
control and feeder will cut out at the selected time. It will not
operate until the pedal is depressed again.
Operation
Work Surface Suitability
V1.0
Minor – No First Aid Treatment
Moderate – First Aid on the job
Major – Medical Treatment
Severe – Extensive Injuries
Catastrophic – Death
Consequences
4. Engineering
5. Administration
6. PPE
Rare – Possible but not expected
circumstances
Unlikely – Only in unusual
sometimes (less than half the time)
Possible – Might be expected
(more than half the time)
Likely – Expected occasionally
most circumstances
Almost Certain – Expected in
Likelihood
Risk Descriptors
1. Elimination
2. Substitution
3. Isolation
Risk Management – Risk Matrix 12.2
V1.0
Remove the fuel cell and the battery from the tool.
Ensure the fuel cell has sealed properly and is not leaking.
Clean and dry tool with a soft cloth.
Check the tension of all nuts and bolts.
After Use
1.
2.
3.
4.
H = Critical. Stop Work until something is done. Plan controls for
immediate implementation.
M = Moderate. Set time scales for action as soon as practicable.
L = Low Risk. Manage by routine procedures and monitor.
V1.0
Nail Gun with
lanyard
attached to
harness
x The area below the work surface must be clear of people.
x Use only on timber free from dust or metal shards.
x Do not nail at the end of timber pieces or on defects in the
timber.
x Consider using a hammer if the work surface is no suitable.
Hierarchy of Controls
Function of the likelihood and the consequences of that
hazard causing harm.
Risk
11.7
1. Load the battery first.
2. Load the fuel cell. Remember to check the expiration date.
3. Load the Fasteners (Nails) last. DO NOT depress the trigger
while loading fasteners.
4. Do a test fire on a suitable piece of wood on the ground prior to
commencing operation.
Operation
Nail Guns – Operation
Risk Level
Anything that has the potential to cause injury or illness to a
person and damage to property and/or the environment.
Types of Hazards: Physical, Health and Psychological.
12.1
Hazard
Hazard and Risk
The reasonable and practicable care taken to avoid
foreseeable harm to others from acts or omissions.
Duty of Care
Risk Management – Take 5
x Carry the tool with the trigger
depressed.
x Point the nose at yourself or
others and keep hands clear
of nose piece at all times.
x Depress the pressure foot
with your hand.
x Assume the tool is empty.
x At least 5m away from other
people.
x In a secure position to
control the recoil effect.
x In a ventilated area away
from flammable materials.
x With a lanyard attachment
from the tool to your harness
when at heights.
V1.0
Never
11.6
Always Work…
x The operator and
anyone near the
gun must always
wear eye and ear
protection.
PPE
1. Tool is clean and
there are no visual
signs of damage.
2. Lanyard is
securely attached.
3. Pressure foot is
operational.
4. The follower is
sliding freely.
x Fills a variety of sizes of
bags.
x Fast filling, 6 seconds
per 15kg bag based on
river sand.
x Generator powered for
remote use.
x Do not tow while
loaded.
x Power supply - 240V, 10 amp.
x Bagged materials include potting media, sand, gravel, stones,
woodchip, scoria, stock feed etc.
Nail Guns – Safety and Preparation
Pre-Operation Checks
11.5
General Specifications
Sandbagging Machine
Potential load weights and reach distances.
Access to the area.
Road condition and width.
Safety of the team, the public and vehicles.
Overhead clearance, including power lines near the site.
Slope.
Ability to maneuver around the site.
Clearing activities to take place before the EWP is set up.
11.8
V1.0
A FORMAL RISK ASSESSMENT
THIS CHECKLIST DOES NOT REPLACE
5 Is it an asbestos roof?
5 Is the roof safe to work on?
5 Is it safe to do the job in the current weather
conditions?
5 Is the area around the vehicle safe?
5 Does equipment need to be accessed from the
road?
5 Will lighting be required?
5 Will RSK anchors need to be constructed?
5 Are there overhead hazards?
5 Can the ladder be lashed?
5 Can workers connect to safety lines on the
ground?
5 Will the roof be wet/slippery/uneven?
5 Are there electrical cables exposed on the roof?
5 Could there be sharps in the gutters?
5 Is anyone standing in the path of falling objects?
12.3
Hazard Identification –
Roof Job
V1.0
x Assign a single point of contact with the EWP or crane operator.
x The EWP or crane operator is always in charge of their
equipment. Listen to their advice as they understand the
limitations of the equipment.
x If working on a roof, attached to a EWP, tell the operator NOT to
move the platform while anyone is working on the roof.
Important
x Remove branches from high trees using handsaws or
chainsaws.
x Access roofs without placing extra weight on the structure that
can cause further damage and compromise operator safety.
x Survey damage from heights;
x Gain a height advantage where a ladder is impractical or
dangerous.
x Fit tarpaulins to roofs where access is difficult or roof safety
systems are difficult to establish.
Uses of EWPs
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Considerations when ordering EWPs
EWP = Elevated Work Platform
EWPs –1 of 2
12.4
Minimum crew
V1.0
Power lines
Capacity
Safe Working Distance
Up to 132 KV
3 metres
Up to 330 KV
6 metres
Over 330 KV
8 metres
Pan Pan - Urgency message that indicates a boat or person is
in trouble but not in immediate danger.
Mayday - Request for immediate assistance in an imminent,
life-threatening emergency.
Distress Calls
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x Debris (trees, dead animals,
building materials)
x Power lines
x Muddy water, bridges
x Sewage
x Currents
x Waves.
Fences
Sewerage
Overhead lines
Animals
Submerged buildings
Vehicles
Trees
Uncharted and changing depths
Flooded land area
Flooded waterways
Flood Hazards
x Two qualified people must be in the flood boat when in operation.
x The coxswain must have the kill switch lanyard attached to them
at all times when the motor is running.
x Do not exceed the legal capacity of the boat unless it is an
emergency where not acting may cause loss of life.
18.1
Flood Boat Safety
V1.0
A FORMAL RISK ASSESSMENT
THIS CHECKLIST DOES NOT REPLACE
5 Is there roof damage? Refer to 12.3
5 Is it safe to do the job in the current weather
conditions?
5 Are there power lines down?
5 Is the area around the vehicle safe?
5 Does equipment need to be accessed from the
road?
5 Will lighting be required?
5 Does the tree need securing?
5 Are there other services affected/at risk?
5 Will a chainsaw be required?
5 Will a polesaw be required?
5 Are there overhead hazards?
5 Is the chainsaw/polesaw operator competent and
wearing correct PPE?
5 Is the rest of the team wearing correct PPE?
5 Is the size of the pieces cut safe to handle?
Hazard Identification –
Tree Job
Do a risk assessment and Take 5.
Notify arrival on site – Radio Sitrep and estimated time#.
Fill out pink sheet.
Notify departure from site – Radio completion and next job#.
Ensure vehicle has enough fuel.
Notify SOs team has returned to LHQ – Radio in (Ring DO or page
SOs with team returned and No. of jobs complete).
Fill out Team Leader form and Injuries form (if required).
Return radios, batteries and phone to charge.
Return completed paperwork (include fuel receipts and white RFAs
for jobs not completed) to OpCen (Ops Officer pigeon hole).
Re-stock the vehicle.
Write down unresolved vehicle issues on the vehicle board.
message.
first transmission.
Anchor, chain and line
Bailing bucket and lanyard
Fire extinguisher
First aid kit
Navigation lights
(for night operations)
5
5
5
5
5
5
Blankets
Blunt-ended knife
Boat hook
Bolt cutters
Compass and/or GPS
Flares or EPIRB
Maps and charts
V1.0
5 Basket stretcher
5 Body recovery kit
Mooring lines
Signalling mirror
Small bolt cutters
Throw bag/rope
Tow bridle
‘V’ sheet
Water
5 Shade cloth
5 Tarpaulin
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
Oars or paddles
PFDs (type 1)
Radio
Spare parts kit
Waterproof Torch
Tools
Equipment for Special Jobs
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
Recommended Safety Equipment
5
5
5
5
5
Mobile Phones
Zero
One (wun)
Two (too)
Three (thuh ree)
Four (for wer)
Five (fi yiv)
Six
Seven (se ven)
Eight (ate)
Nine (niner)
V1.0
5 Trailer coupling on tow bar, locked down fully,
safety clip in place.
5 Safety chains shackled and secured to towbar.
5 Brake override latch open (if brakes are fitted).
5 Handbrake off.
5 Lights connected and tested.
5 Jockey wheel stowed.
5 Spare wheel and wheel changing kit carried.
Trailer
(Prepare for launch)
5 Motor trimmed up.
5 Key in ignition.
5 Kill switch lanyard fitted
to the ON position.
18.4
V1.0
5 Radio check with base conducted.
5 Departure report conducted (with task details, crew
on board, est. return time, est. SITREP time, etc)
Communications
(Prepare for starting)
5 Tank breather opened.
5 Fuel lines connected.
5 Fuel bulb primed.
5 Battery switched on.
Motor
Trailer
Tie-downs/safety chains removed.
Engine stand removed.
Safety shackle loosened (but do not remove).
Bungs in place and secure.
Bow line attached to the front of the boat.
Mooring lines prepared (if needed).
5 Light bar removed (if needed).
5 Override latch for reversing engaged.
5
5
5
5
5
5
Boat
Sierra
Tango
Uniform
Victor
Whisky
X-ray
Yankee
Zulu
14.2
Pre-Launch Checklist
V1.0
x For private or confidential
information.
x When there is no radio
communications to the location.
x Avoid using whilst driving.
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
Figures
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
SIMPLEX
Juliet
Kilo
Lima
Mike
November
Oscar
Papa
Quebec
Romeo
x Simplex (Direct) sends signals
directly from one radio to another.
x Duplex (Repeater) sends signals
from radio to radio via a remote
automatic relay device.
x When on a GRN channel reply
before the tail finishes.
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
5 Ignition key and kill switch lanyard on board and in
a secure place.
5 Motor in the travel position (motor support fitted).
5 Battery charged.
5 Enough fuel and oil for the job (fuel mix ratio 50:1).
All equipment stowed and/or tied down.
Safety equipment complete and stowed correctly.
Specialist job equipment (as required) on board,
Boat tied down to trailer.
Safety chains secure.
Bungs on board.
Alpha
Bravo
Charlie
Delta
Echo
Foxtrot
Golf
Hotel
India
Simplex vs. Duplex
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
Phonetic Alphabet
Motor
5
5
5
5
5
5
Boat
Compulsory Safety Equipment
18.3
Clear or (loud and clear)
Readable
Readable with noise
Unreadable
V1.0
x
x
x
x
Radio check. Ask for a radio check in your
Radio Checks and Readability
NEVER use
"OVER AND OUT"
Please wait. No other station to
transmit unless urgent.
STANDBY UNLESS URGENT -
back. Others may transmit.
SITREP - What is your situation?
STANDBY - Please wait. I will call
Pre-Departure Checklist
understood.
SAY AGAIN - Repeat the
ROGER (OR COPY) - Message
Keep
It
Short and
Simple
KISS
phonetically
FIGURES - Figures to follow.
LOCATION - What is your
location?
MESSAGE - Message is to be
written down.
OVER - When calling, an answer
is required.
OUT - End of exchange, no
answer is required.
Brevity
Accuracy
Speed
Simplicity
BASS
14.1
I SPELL - I will spell the following
Prowords
Rhythm
Speed
Volume
Pitch
RSVP
Floodboat Safety Equipment 18.2
V1.0
DO = Duty Officer, LHQ = Local Headquarters, OpCen = Operations Centre,
RFA = Request for Assistance, SOs = Senior Officers, TL = Team Leader.
¿ If OpCen is not open, alternative procedure to follow is in brackets.
# Only when OpCen is open.
5.
6.
2.
3.
4.
1.
Returning to LHQ
1.
2.
3.
After each Job
1.
2.
13.1
Fill out vehicle list and hand over to OpCen¿ (Ops Officer pigeon
hole).
Procure Radios, Vehicle Phones and Batteries.
Obtain vehicle folder and RFA Details from OpCen (DO or TL).
Ensure vehicle is stocked and operational, check vehicle board.
Notify SOs team is attending RFAs – Radio out (Ring DO or page
SOs).
On the job
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
Before Leaving LHQ
Team Leader – Callout Procedure
5
5
5
5
Insect repellent
Sunglasses
Personal first aid kit
Gaiters
V1.0
5 Ensure that the clothes worn under the overalls
are suitable to the current weather conditions.
Additional Information
5 Pocket knife
5 Backup torch
5 Spare batteries,
globes
5 Sunscreen
Recommended
V1.0
5 Hand-held radio +
spare battery
5 Mobile phone
5 Satellite phone
5 10m x 8mm (min)
static rope
5 Strobe & flares
5 Tent (1 per two
members)
5 Stove & fuel (1 per
two members)
5 Map case, compass,
GPS
Required Team Equipment
19.4
Thermals
Spare clothes
Food for 48-hours
Water – minimum 2L
Head torch
Whistle
5 Rucksack –
minimum 50 litres
5 Sleeping Bag
5 Sleeping Mat
5 Appropriate
bushwalking clothing
5 Wet weather gear
5 Overalls
5 Walking boots (not
sneakers) or GP
boots
5 Torch (preferably
head-mounted)
5 Wet-weather gear
5 Notebook and pen
5
5
5
5
5
5
Required Personal Equipment
Required
5 Water bottle (and
water – minimum 1L)
5 Snack food
5 Whistle
5 Lightweight safety
glasses
5 SES Wide-brimmed
hat or baseball cap
for Remote Area Search callouts
Checklist – Personal Equipment
x Coloured Yellow
x White lights at
night
x Yellow flashing lights
x Pass any side
x Keep can shaped (port)
on your left going upstream
x Keep cone shaped (starboard)
on your right going upstream. Navigation at Night
Isolated Danger
Special Marks
Keep GREEN
on your RIGHT
when going
upstream
x Green Cone
shaped
x Flashing
Green Light
V1.0
18.6
Starboard Hand Markers
x Red Can
shaped
x Flashing
Red Light
Keep RED
on your LEFT
when going
upstream
Port Hand Markers
Navigation Markers
for Local Area Search callouts
19.2
V1.0
Fuel tank breather closed.
Fuel lines disconnected.
Battery switched off.
Motor in travel position (motor support fitted).
Ignition key and kill switch lanyard on board and in
a secure place.
Motor
5 Trailer coupling on tow bar, locked down fully,
safety clip in place.
5 Safety chains/shackles secured to towbar.
5 Lights connected and tested.
5 Brake override latch open (if brakes are fitted).
5
5
5
5
5
18.5
Tie-downs/safety chains fitted.
Engine stand fitted.
Safety shackle and winch cable in place.
Winch handle stowed.
Bungs removed or scuppers opened.
All ropes and equipment stowed and/or tied down.
Trailer
5
5
5
5
5
5
Boat
Post-Recovery Checklist
ÄÄÄ
ÄÄÄÄÄÄ——
Pass on
Southern
Side
South
ÄÄÄ
E
East
Pocket knife
Snack food
Backup torch
Spare batteries &
globe
5 Sunscreen
5 Tea towel or
Triangular bandage
for mouth/nose
covering
V1.0
5 Wear only natural fibre clothing (i.e. cotton, wool)
under the overalls – Do not wear synthetic
materials unless they are fire retardant.
5 Remove all jewellery that is in contact with the
skin.
Additional Information
5
5
5
5
Recommended
5 Overalls
5 Issued GP boots
5 Helmet with neck
guard attached
5 Debris gloves
5 Torch
ÄÄÄ
19.4
5 Dust mask
5 Sealing safety
goggles (not
glasses)
5 Notebook and pen
5 Water bottle
for Bush Fire Support callouts
Required
ÄÄÄ
Pass on
Eastern
Side
18.7
ÄÄÄÄÄÄ——
S
N
V1.0
W
ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
Directional Terms
ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
Pass on
Western
side
West
North
Pass on
Northern
side
ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
Cardinal Markers
Cardinal Markers
Wet-weather gear
Safety glasses
Notebook and pen
Ear Plugs
Backpack to carry
V1.0
x Snatch recovery
x Winch recovery
x High-lift jack and packing
Under bonnet
Under body
External and operational check
Internal check
Vehicle accessories
Recovery equipment
Secure all loads
Recovery methods
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
20.1
Weather
Maps and navigation aids (GPS)
Food & water
Reporting departure and estimated time of return
Specific equipment to complete the job
Vehicle Readiness
x
x
x
x
x
Trip Planning
x Attitude
x Driving responsible/safely
x Phobias/disabilities
Human factors
19.1
Chalk
Sunscreen
Whistle
Re-sealable plastic
bags
5 Tinted Safety
Glasses
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4WD – Preparing to Drive
V1.0
Pocket knife
Water bottle
Snack food
Backup torch
Spare batteries &
globe
5 Roll of electrical tape
5
5
5
5
5
Recommended
5 Overalls
5 Issued GP boots
5 Helmet with chin
strap
5 Debris gloves
5 Torch
Required
for Storm and Flood callouts
V1.0
Joining Snatch straps
Rolled Newspaper or Similar
Snatch block used to assist lead vehicle
Double snatch block pulls giving a 3:1 pulling ratio
20.6
4WD – Winching Methods and MA
V1.0
Drop tire pressures to 20psi for soft sand.
Select 4WD and the appropriate gear for the hazard.
Maintain momentum.
Smooth progressive steering, no sharp turns.
Smooth progressive throttle/brake control (no wheel spin or lock
up's).
x If you get stuck, try reversing straight over the tracks you have
just made, or rocking the vehicle backwards and forwards to try
to regain traction.
x Never drive across a sand dune, always straight up and down.
x
x
x
x
x
Driving in sand
Walk the intended route (Check the depth) prior to driving in.
Select 4WD and the appropriate gear for the hazard.
Once in the water/ mud, maintain momentum, DON'T stop.
Create a bow wave.
Remember to consider your entry and exit angles.
Remove seat belts for deep flowing water.
Dry brakes after exiting water/mud.
Driving in water/mud
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
20.3
Control the stall (DON'T touch the clutch pedal).
Hold your foot firmly on the brake pedal.
Turn the ignition off and then apply the handbrake.
Select 1st gear using the clutch.
Start the vehicle.
Conduct a normal handbrake hill start.
V1.0
Select reverse gear using the clutch momentarily.
Release the handbrake.
Load the weight of the vehicle onto Reverse gear by 'very slowly'
easing your foot off the brake pedal.
x Once the vehicle is being held on the Reverse gear, start the engine.
x Slowly drive the vehicle back to a safe position.
x
x
x
x
x
x
Steep ascent - reverse downhill
x
x
x
x
x
x
Steep ascent - continue uphill
Select 1st gear using the clutch momentarily.
Release the handbrake.
Load the weight of the vehicle onto first gear by 'very slowly' easing
your foot off the brake pedal.
x Start the Vehicle and drive down the slope. Apply the brakes to
control descent.
x
x
x
x
x
x
Select 4WD and the appropriate gear for hazard.
Speed - appropriate to conditions.
Tackle hazard as square on as possible.
DON'T touch the clutch pedal whilst traversing steep terrain.
Keep a steady pace and avoid wheel spin and slip.
x
x
x
x
x
ALWAYS TAKE 5 BEFORE PROCEEDING
4WD – Stall Recovery – 3 Methods
Steep descent - continue downhill
20.2
Driving on loose, rough or steep surfaces
ALWAYS TAKE 5 BEFORE PROCEEDING
4WD – Driving Techniques
D shackles, Bow shackles, (min 2)
Winch extension strap
Snatch block
Tree protector
Snatch strap
High lift jack
Tirfor or vehicle winch
V1.0
20.4
Buried anchors – good sand recovery method
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Recovery equipment
4WD – Vehicle Recovery
V1.0
20.5
Single snatch block pulls giving a 2:1 pulling ratio
Using tree and tree trunk protector and another vehicle
Single line pulls
4WD – Winching Methods and MA