Community Consultation - Kitigan Zibi Anishinabeg
Transcription
Community Consultation - Kitigan Zibi Anishinabeg
May 2007 Community Consultation Kitigan Zibi Anishinabeg Consultation On November 18, 2004, the Supreme Court of Canada rendered two decisions concerning the obligation of consultation of First Nations and the duty to accommodate their interest. In Taku River Tlingit First Nation v. Tulsequa Chief Mine Project, [2004] S.C.C. 74 and Haida Nation v. British Columbia [2004] S.C.C. 73, the Supreme Court of Canada declared that the Crown has a duty to consult and accommodate in cases where Aboriginal title and rights have not VETO: been proved in court. The obligation of consultation and having the the duty to accommodate are vote which based on the protection of ancestral right specified will stop in section 35(1) of the a decision. Constitution Act of 1982. When does the government have to consult us? Canada and Quebec have a constitutional duty to consult and accommodate First Nations before taking actions that may affect First Nation interests. This includes: modification or adoption of legislation, policy-making, planning processes, modification or adoption of resource allocation regimes and the approval of specific projects of resource allocations. Basically, the government must consult with us because it will impact us socially, economically or culturally. Furthermore, in Haida, the court found that the province had a duty to consult with First Nation at the strategic planning stage. First Nations must be involved in the decision-making at the higher level where fundamental resource allocations are made. An example of this would be to not only have a say where and how the trees will be cut, but have a say in the total volume cut over an area. • The duty to consult always requires meaningful good faith consultation and willingness on the part of the Crown and to be able to adapt to changes in information gathered during the process [Taku River, Haida]. • The aboriginal group is also required to act in good faith, and must outline their claims with clarity. [Haida] • Where consultation is meaningful, there is no ultimate duty to reach agreement. Rather, accommodation requires aboriginal concerns be balanced reasonably with potential impacts on those concerns and with competing societal concerns. [Taku River] Therefore, First Nations do not have veto power when it comes to decision making in the process. What is the government required to do? This duty requires that Canada and Quebec: 1) act in good faith and ensure an effective process throughout; 2) provide First Nations with information regarding the action contemplated; 3) listen to the First Nation’s concerns; 4) incorporate those concerns into the decision-making process; and 5) take steps to accommodate the affected Aboriginal interests made clear through the consultation process. Table of Contents Forestry...............................................................................2 Lands With Wildlife Protection Status..............9 Wildlife Harvesting. .................................................. 13 Wildlife Management Tools.................................. 15 Generating Dams........................................................ 19 Source: AFNQL SDI Consultation Protocol. — www.iddpnql.ca Forestry The Québec government is responsible for managing, protecting and developing the public forests in a sustainable manner. It has adopted both the Forest Act and the Regulation respecting standards of forest management for forests in the domain of the State (RSFM) to better organize and structure the many forest management activities carried out in the public forests and specifically on our traditional territory, mainly by the forestry industry. Under the terms of the Forest Act, the Minister of Natural Resources and Wildlife can issue a timber supply and forest management agreement (TSFM), to a company or processing mill owner, granting the company the right to harvest a certain volume of timber of a certain species in a given area, known as a forest management unit (FMU). The TSFM holder must manage the forest in such a way as to ensure long-term use of the forest which includes harvesting, recreational activities, maintaining landscapes and other potential natural resource developments in the long term. One of the TSFM holder’s Definition obligations is to prepare forest management plans in line with the Minister’s specifications, taking into account the needs and concerns of other forest users, of which the Kitigan Zibi community is one. All the agreement holders in a given management unit must contribute to the preparation of the plan for that unit. If they are unable to reach a consensus, they must nevertheless submit a draft plan. The forest planning mechanism for public forests consists of the general forest management plan (GFMP) and the five year forest management program. Agreement holders are responsible for preparing and implementing both the plan and the program. The Ministry oversees all activities. The General Forest Management Plan (GFMP) The GFMP is divided into five main sections: • • • • • A profile of the FMU (description and statistical data); A review of past forest management activities in the area; The results of the allowable annual cut calculation; The general management strategy retained for the FMU; The five-year management program. All forestry information from Ministry of Natural Resource. Website: www.mrn.gouv.qc.ca/english/home.jsp 2 Community Consultation • Forestry Common Area (in french: Aire Commune): In Quebec’s public forests, area on which one or several holders of a Timber Supply and Forest Management Agreement are authorized to harvest the wood from a particular specie or species group, and where they must, in exchange, carry out silvicultural work. Hectare: a metric unit area, 100 m by 100 m or 2.471 acres. Cubic metre (m3 or m^3): a measure of volume of wood 1m by 1m by 1m. Forest Management Unit (FMU): an area of forest managed as a unit of harvesting and other renewable resources. Timber Supply and Forest Management Agreement (in french: contrat d’approvisionnement et d’amenagement forestier (CAAF): In Quebec, a contract that entitles its holder to obtain each year, on the forest land described in the agreement, a forest management permit to harvest a volume of round timber of one or more species to supply his wood processing plant, on condition that he/she carries out silvicultural treatments to attain the annual yield indicated in the agreement for each area intended for forest production. Regulation respecting standards of forest management for forests in the domain of the State (RSFM) The RSFM, prepared by the Ministries responsible for wildlife and the environment, contains a number of rules and regulations aimed at promoting the regeneration of the forest and the protection of water, wildlife, plant and soil resources. The RSFM also ensures that forestry work is harmonized with other activities that occur in the forest. Among other things, it requires protective strips of forest to be left standing along watercourses, and establishes the maximum size of logging areas. It contains nearly 400 standards, all of which are designed to protect the forests and their components. Any companies which break any of the standards are subject to penalties and fines. Table 1: Estimated area of Kitigan Zibi’s Traditional Territory and Annual allowable cut on Traditional Territory, as determined by Ministry of Natural Resources Chief Forester in 2006. (in cubic metres) Common Area 34-04 61-01 61-02 64-01 64-02 64-03 71-01 71-04 71-20 71-21 72-01 72-02 72-03 73-01 73-02 74-01 74-02 Total Area (hectares) 41 47 371 195 254 335 101 260 165 42 104 18 275 434 69 34 264 462 396 345 072 214 090 870 699 173 067 019 393 212 791 200 350 All Tree Species (m^3) 2 750 617 8 73 48 342 234 214 399 100 350 224 50 152 16 227 426 491 26 080 680 041 488 090 825 200 220 620 725 100 500 870 604 511 645 428 3 387 627 Community Consultation • Forestry 3 Table 2: Annual allowable harvest of coniferous on Kitigan Zibi’s Traditional Territory 2006 (in cubic metres) Common Area 34-04 61-01 61-02 64-01 64-02 64-03 71-01 71-04 71-20 71-21 72-01 72-02 72-03 73-01 73-02 74-01 74-02 Total SEPM 5 11 26 133 26 110 85 11 94 28 3 14 2 88 102 236 10 680 200 922 698 480 867 200 920 080 400 440 900 640 084 720 640 654 Cedar 993 525 11 4 3 23 1 11 1 2 3 7 400 117 905 000 907 600 400 500 000 200 100 853 800 - Hemlock 3 300 147 5 700 41 1 500 10 700 2 000 - 71 782 White & Red Pine 7 8 2 91 1 71 80 15 46 12 23 388 800 88 847 400 239 600 000 600 700 704 800 900 670 340 348 Table 3: Annual allowable harvest of deciduous on Kitigan Zibi’s Traditional Territory 2006 (in cubic metres) Common Area 34-04 61-01 61-02 64-01 64-02 64-03 71-01 71-04 71-20 71-21 72-01 72-02 72-03 73-01 73-02 74-01 74-02 Total Poplars 7 3 46 16 17 57 30 39 60 2 13 1 23 102 79 5 980 574 087 910 593 000 400 140 325 460 600 130 460 791 705 702 Paper Birch 507 857 4 6 25 6 31 45 1 34 1 1 4 55 38 124 6 100 132 704 800 746 600 900 100 800 400 000 400 578 200 800 157 Yellow Birch 388 417 9 5 38 24 22 30 3 10 3 3 11 1 16 15 15 500 897 782 800 751 900 300 400 000 100 700 200 113 600 900 876 Maples 213 819 * Others – includes such species as Beech, Basswood, Elm, Cherry, Ash etc. 4 Community Consultation • Forestry 2 400 7 100 352 6 945 30 900 2 483 12 300 20 200 18 300 18 600 12 400 29 900 3 200 642 24 700 500 52 657 519 190 974 29 4 71 110 23 53 30 71 30 25 65 6 24 87 21 2 300 812 521 100 199 000 100 500 900 600 600 300 169 900 200 318 *Others Stumpage Every forest company or individual who harvests timber from public forests or privately owned forest land must pay a fee to the provincial government, this is referred to as stumpage. This fee is based on the value of the timber as it stands uncut in the woods. The fee is also dependent of the quality of the wood and its location in one of the 161 zones which cover public forests. It is also adjusted four times a year to stay within market prices of finished products. A portion of this fee is used to pay for silviculture work on the harvested sites. Jack pine $9.10/m3 to $20.10/m3 Fir, Spruce, Tamarack $3.85/m3 to $15.15/m3 White pine $18.00/m3 to $34.10/m3 Red pine $5.70/m3 to $29.70/m3 Hemlock, Cedar $2.35/m3 to $3.20/m3 Oak, Butternut $6.35/m3 to $73.65/m3 Yellow Birch, Ash, Basswood, Elm $4.95/m3 to $73.65/m3 White birch $4.50/m3 to $73.65/m3 Sugar maple $2.35/m3 to $75.90/m3 Poplar $1.95/m3 to $4.50/m3 Community Consultation • Forestry 5 List of Forest Companies Harvesting on KZ Traditional Territory 6 Community Consultation • Forestry Community Consultation • Forestry 7 Mills located on Kitigan Zibi Traditional Territory (see Map 2) Map reference No. & Name Location Class (in m3) Product 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 Gracefield 50 001 - 100 000 Maniwaki 50 001 - 100 000 Bois-Franc 25 001 - 50 000 Maniwaki 500 001 - 6000 000 Messines 2 001 - 5 000 Déléage 3 001 - 5 000 Bouchette 5 001 - 10 000 Low 2 001 - 5 000 L’Ange-Gardien 2 001 - 5 000 L’Ange-Gardien 2 001 - 5 000 Papineauville 25 001 - 50 000 Gatineau 200 001 - 300 000 Bois-Franc 800 001 - 900 000 Grand-Remous 30 001 - 400 000 Denholm 50 001 - 100 000 Namur 25 001 - 50 000 Denholm 5 001 - 10 000 Thurso 5 001 - 10 000 Ripon 25 001 - 50 000 Gatineau 25 001 - 50 000 Saint-André-Avellin 2 001 - 5 000 Bristol 2001 - 5 000 Waltham 5 001 - 10 000 Gatineau 600 001 - 700 000 Thurso 800 001 - 900 000 Gatineau 700 001 - 800 000 Low 50 001 - 100 000 Thurso 200 001 - 300 000 Portage-du-Fort 800 001 - 900 000 Litchfield 25 001 - 50 000 Rapides-des-Joachims 100 001 - 150 000 Mansfield-et-Pontefract 150 001 - 200 000 Mansfield-et-Pontefract 100 001 - 150 000 Mansfield-et-Pontefract 25 001 - 50 000 Clarendon 50 001 - 100 000 Rivière-Rouge 15 001 - 25 000 Lac-Saguay 2 001 - 5 000 Ferme-Neuve 10 001 - 15 000 Lac-des-Écorces 5 001 - 10 000 Sainte-Anne-du-Lac 2 001 - 5 000 Sainte-Anne-du-Lac 150 001 - 200 000 Rivière-Rouge 25 001 - 50 000 Mont-Laurier 100 001 - 150 000 Mont-Laurier 100 001 - 150 000 Mont-Laurier 2 001 - 5 000 Kiamika 10 001 - 15 000 Mont-Laurier 50 001 - 100 000 Mont-Laurier 200 001 - 300 000 Ferme-Neuve 400 001 - 500 000 Rivière-Rouge 100 001 - 150 000 Notre-Dame-de-Pontmain 50 001 - 100 000 Labelle 50 001 - 100 000 La Minerve 25 001 - 50 000 sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill biomass electricity particle board sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill poles sawmill sawmill sawmill pulp & paper pulp & paper pulp & paper sawmill sawmill pulp & paper sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill shingles poles sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill veneer particle board sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill sawmill 8 La Compagnie Commonwealth Plywood ltée (Northfield) Lauzon - Ressources forestières inc. 9119 -1080 Québec inc. Bowater Produits forestiers du Canada inc. (Maniwaki) 9118- 1578 Québec inc. (Scierie Messines) François Tremblay (Scierie François Tremblay - Déléage) 2738- 5384 Québec inc. Garry Picard Gilles Chartrand (Scierie du Lièvre) 3275809 Canada inc. (Maison de billots Americana - Sciage) Lauzon Bois énergétique recycle inc. (Papineauville) Bowater Produits forestiers du Canada inc. (Gatineau - Cogénération) Louisiana-Pacific Canada Ltd. (Bois-Franc) Domtar inc. (Grand Remous) La Compagnie Commonwealth Plywood ltée (Deholm) Forespect inc. 9156-8386 Québec inc. (Les Entreprises Marokel) 9067-6727 Québec inc. Robert Ribeyron ltée Stella-Jones inc. (Masson-Angers - Poteaux) Les Entreprises forestières Gauthier SNC Logs End inc. Sechoirs Waltham inc. Papier Masson ltée FPS Canada iinc. Bowater Produits forestiers du Canada inc. (Gatineau - Pâtes et papiers) La Compagnie Commonwealth Plywood ltée (Low) Lauzon - Planchers de bois exclusifs inc. Emballages Smurfit-Stone Canada inc. (Portage-du-Fort - Pâtes et papiers) Produits forestiers du Pontiac inc. La Compagnie Commonwealth Plywood ltée (Rapides-des-Joachims) Tember Industries inc. (Mansfield-et-Pontefract - Bois résineux) Tember Industries inc. (Mansfield-et-Pontefract - Bois feuillus) Scierie Lefebvre & Pharand inc. Industries Maibec inc. (Clarendon) Bois K.M.S. (GMI) ltée (L’Annonciation) Coopérative forestière des Hautes-Laurentides Les Exploitations J.Y.B. Papineau inc. 9143-5206 Québec inc. (Scierier du Lac) Scierie Ste-Anne-du-Lac inc. Les Bois feuillus de la Lièvre inc. 152599 Canada inc. (Les Produits forestiers laurentiens enr.) La Compagnie Commonwealth Plywood ltée (Mont-Laurier) Les Produits forestiers Bellerive-Ka’N’ Enda inc. (Mont-Laurier - Sciage) La Commission scolaire Pierre-Neveu (Mont-Laurier - C.F.P.) C. Meilleur & Fils inc. Les Produits forestiers Bellerive-Ka’N’ Enda inc. (Mont-Laurier - Deroulage) Uniboard Canada inc. (Mont-Laurier) Max Meilleur & Fils ltée Henri Radermaker & Fils ltée Scierie Bondu inc. La Compagnie Commonwealth Plywood ltée (Labelle) Les Produits forestiers B.&B. inc. Community Consultation • Forestry Lands With Wildlife Protection Status Numerous portions of public land located on traditional territory have received a legal status following the natural resources protection objectives. These different legal statuses are under both the federal and/or provincial government’s authority. Wildlife Preserve A wildlife preserve is an area that is set aside from development and recreational purposes in order to protect wildlife and their habitats. They are established to protect rare species, provide sanctuary for species that are important for hunting and tourism or to protect wildlife. Wildlife preserve is under provincial responsibility but their management is given to the SEPAQ. Within the traditional land Overlap the traditional land • • Papineau-Labelle (Total area=1628 km²) LaVérendrye (Total area=13 615 km² with 2475 km² within Traditional Territory) On the boundaries of the traditional land • Rouge-Mattawin (Total area=1394 km²) Website: www.canadianencyclopedia.ca Ecological Reserves An ecological reserve is an area set aside to preserve and protect ecosystems, plant and animal species, rare species and habitats. They are principally used for educational purposes and scientific research. Within the traditional land • • • • • • Rolland Germain (1 370 ha) Louis-Zéphirin-Rousseau (5 ha) Père-Louis-Marie (315 ha) Érablière-du-Trente-et-un-Milles (606 ha) André-Michaux (450 ha) André-Linteau (100 ha) • • • • • • De-l’Aigle-à-tête-Blanche James-Little Ruisseau-de-l’Indien Forêt-la-Blanche Tapani Rivière-Rouge (267 ha) (204 ha) (324 ha) (1 952 ha) (17 ha) (313 ha) Website: www.env.gov.bc.ca/bcparks/eco_reserve/ecoresrv/ecoresrv.html Community Consultation • Lands With Wildlife Protection Status 9 Outfitter Establishments A person who commercially provides lodging and services that are related to hunting and fishing activities is considered an outfitter. When an outfitter has exclusive rights on a territory, only the clients of that outfitter can practice hunting and fishing activities. To obtain exclusive rights, the outfitter must sign a lease with the government of Quebec and the lease is valid for nine years. An outfitter without exclusive rights is one that offers lodging as well as hunting and fishing activities on public and private land. However, other hunters and fisherman have a right to practice their activities on public land even if an outfitter offers services on that territory. When the outfitter offers lodging on public land they need to hold a valid lease to operate a commercial resort from the Quebec government. Within the traditional land Overlap the traditional land • On the boundaries of the traditional land • • • 34 exclusives rights 69 non exclusives rights 4 exclusive rights 3 exclusive rights Website: www.mrnf.gouv.qc.ca/english/territory/index.jsp Outfitters With Exclusive Rights (Located on Traditional Land) • • • • • • • • • • • • Air Melançon inc. Auberge du Lac de l’Indienne Chalet du Lac McGillivray Club de chasse et pêche lac O’Sullivan Club de chasse et pêche Stramond Club Lac Brûlé Domaine du Lac Bryson Le Domaine Shannon inc. Pavillon Richer inc. Pavillon Wapus inc. Pourvoirie Domina Gravelle Pourvoirie du Lac Doolittle • • • • • • • • • • • Pourvoirie Roger Fortier inc. Pourvoirie Triple R inc. (Triple “R” Outfitters inc.) Territoire de pêche et de chasse Poirier inc. Air Mont-Laurier (1985) inc. Auberge de la Gatineau enr. Club de chasse et pêche Wapoos Sibi inc. Club Notawissi 2006 inc. Domaine Lounan Domaine Vanier La Pourvoirie Menjo La Réserve Boismenu inc. • • • • • • • • • • • Pourvoirie Baroux inc. Pourvoirie Club Rossignol inc. Pourvoirie Club Scott Pourvoirie des 100 Lacs Sud 2005 inc. Pourvoirie du Club Gatineau Pourvoirie du Lac Beauregard inc. Pourvoirie du lac Berval Pourvoirie du Lac Marie enr. Pourvoirie Jodoin Pourvoirie Mekoos Pourvoirie Mitchinamecus The Costs Per Year (to be an outfitter with exclusive rights) • For • For hunting rights $16.99/ km² + taxes fishing rights $16.99/ km² + taxes • For trapping rights $1.53/ km² + taxes $246.85 no taxes • Permit So, for a 100 km² area it cost per year $1 699 (for fishing) + $1 699 (for hunting) + $153 (for trapping) + $246.85 = $3 797.85 10 Community Consultation • Lands With Wildlife Protection Status Provincial Park A provincial park is an area set aside to protect a system of representative and special landscapes and features. The park offers outdoor recreational activities (including controlled sport fishing), tourism and environmental education. It is also protected from all commercial resource extraction. Provincial parks are under provincial responsibility but the management is given to the Société des Etablissements de Plein Air du Québec (SEPAQ). Within the traditional land Overlap the traditional land • • Plaisance (28,3 km²) None On the boundaries of the traditional land • Mont-Tremblant (1510 km²) Website : www.mddep.gouv.qc.ca/parcs/cadre/loi-en.htm ZEC A Zone d’Exploitation Contrôlée (ZEC) is a controlled harvesting zone; they were set up in 1978 to take over for private clubs. ZECS are managed by non-profit organizations; they are managed and administered by volunteers. These organizations are responsible for the management as well as the wildlife conservation within the ZECS. Some objectives of a ZEC are wildlife conservation and to enable people to have access to wildlife. ZECS are under provincial responsibility. Within the traditional land Overlap the traditional land • • • • • • • ZEC Pontiac (1204 km²) ZEC Bras Coupé-Désert (1205 km²) ZEC Saint-Patrice (1348 km²) ZEC Rapides des Joachims (932 km²) ZEC Petawaga (1186 km²) ZEC Lesueur (776 km²) ZEC Mitchinamecus (843 km² but 420 km² within Traditional Territory) On the boundaries of the traditional land • ZEC Dumoine (1502 km² but 0 km² inside) Website: www.zecquebec.com/english/zec.jsp Community Consultation • Lands With Wildlife Protection Status 11 Community Wildlife Area In Quebec, a community wildlife area is a body of water in which the management of sport fishing is entrusted to a non-profit corporation through a leasing arrangement with the Minister of Natural Ressource and Wildlife. The nonprofit corporation, made up of community representatives, is mandated to improve the quality of sport fishing. In this way, the agency retains its role as manager of the resource; for example, it continues to determine the species that can be fished, the quotas for each species and the authorized fishing gear. The non-profit corporation issues fishing licences and sets fees. The agency can use the income generated to protect the resource or improve habitat. The decision to establish a community wildlife area is never imposed by the government. Instead, users must advise the agency of their interest in establishing such an area and demonstrate their willingness to become actively involved in managing and protecting the resource. The result is an increased feeling of responsibility by users towards the resource, which is likely to lead to changes in behaviour, particularly decreased poaching, one of the possible reasons for the decline of some fish populations. Since 1996, this form of fisheries management has been used in four Quebec regions: Lac SaintJean, Lac Saint-Pierre and the areas around the Baskatong and Gouin reservoirs. Within the traditional land Overlap the traditional land • • Baskatong 302.4 km² none Website: www.slv2000.qc.ca/bibliotheque/lefleuve/vol13no1/zip_a.htm 12 Community Consultation • Lands With Wildlife Protection Status On the boundaries of the traditional land • none Wildlife Harvesting Big game (moose, white tailed deer, black bear and caribou) annual harvesting is summarized under provincial legislation. For a nonnative hunter it is an obligation to present their catch to a registration control spot. During registration, the animal is sexed and aged and the shooting location is recorded on the Quebec map. Small game (grouse, snowshoe hare) harvesting is summarized only on structured territories (ZEC, Wildlife reserve and Exclusive right outfitters’ territories). Harvesting of fur bearing animals is summarized only on trap lines. The total harvest can also be established following the number of pelts sold each year. Fish harvesting is summarized only on structured territories (ZEC, Wildlife reserve, Provincial Parks, Community Wildlife Area and Exclusive rights outfitter’s territories). Table 1: Estimated Big game harvesting on Kitigan Zibi Traditional Territory from data published by provincial government following obligatory registration of big game. *This data does not include First Nation harvesting. Annual harvesting on Kitigan Zibi Anishinabeg Traditional Territory (average since year 2000) Adult Male Adult Female Young 10 957 4 339 2 045 17 341 Moose 3 344 1 485 773 5 602 Black Bear 1 508 747 226 2 481 Caribou 0 0 0 0 White Tailed Deer Total Community Consultation • Wildlife Harvesting 13 Table 2: Fur-bearing animal harvesting on Kitigan Zibi’s Traditional Territory as estimated using data published by provincial government. *This data may not include all First Nation harvesting. Annual harvesting on Kitigan Zibi Anishinabeg Traditional Territory Number of pelts sold Gross value in CAN $ Royalties1 in CAN $ (average since year 2000) (average since year 2000) (year 2006) Beaver 12 624 329 217 12 683 Marten 5 989 301 246 11 554 Muskrat 5 313 22 086 561 Fisher 1 566 76 398 3214 Raccoon 1 370 21 030 822 Mink 1 304 23 789 991 Red fox 1 226 47 846 1 410 Otter 1 150 125 203 5 550 Canada Lynx 255 34 349 1 584 Coyote 194 6 323 324 Black Bear 162 15 655 253 75 8 163 387 31 228 pelts/year 1 011 305 $/year 39 333 $/year Wolf Total 1. Royalties: Royalties are fees on each pelt received and is collected on behalf of the Provincial Government. Website: www.nafa.ca/page.asp?trapper/shipping/cdn_royalties.asp 14 Community Consultation • Wildlife Harvesting Wildlife Management Tools (Fishing, hunting or trapping) Wildlife management is based on periodic animal density estimations (the population size and density can be counted using various sampling methods or by estimating the number of recorded harvests). Depending on the tendency of the animal population densities, wildlife managers can adjust harvesting pressures by; • Changing harvesting season (date and length) • Establishing quotas (on species or/and on area) • Zoning • • Establishing the size, the age class and sex of animal allowed Controlling the types of arms, fishing tools or traps • Closing an area or species Management tool Examples Effect on the activity Effect on wildlife population Season length Decreasing season for moose hunting Decrease harvesting pressure Increasing density Date of beginning of walleye fishing season Avoid fishing on spawning ground Zoning Trap line Control of harvesting pressure Maintaining density Age and sex of animal allowed Some years female moose are protected against hunting Decreasing pressure on female Increasing recruitment and density Quota per person 5 ruffed grouse per person/day Control of harvesting pressure Avoid over harvesting Quota per zone 980 speckled trout per year on Cameronian Lake, Zec Pontiac Control of harvesting pressure Avoid over harvesting of a species on a precise area Protection of spawning fish and increasing recruitment Community Consultation • Wildlife Management Tools 15 (continued) Management tool Examples Effect on the activity Effect on wildlife population Control the types of arms, fishing tools or traps Moose hunting is allowed only for bow hunters in zone 11 east Control of harvesting pressure Avoid over harvesting of a species on a precise area Size of capture Minimum length of 50 cm for lake trout on 31 Mile lake Control of harvesting pressure on spawning fish Increasing recruitment Closing an area or species No trapping of Lynx on UGAF22 in 2006 Stop harvesting Avoid over harvesting of weak population until recovery of normal density Surveys & Management Tools Surveys methods Aerial surveys Tendency of hunting success • Aerial surveys Tendency of hunting success • • • Tendency of hunting success • White Tailed deer • Moose • Black bear Management tools • Length of hunting season Quota and zoning • Sex and age of allowed animal • Length of hunting season Quota and zoning • Sex and age of allowed animal • • Fur bearing animals 16 •Tendency of trapping success for each species Community Consultation • Wildlife Management Tools • • Length of hunting season Quota and zoning Length of trapping season Quota and zoning Roles & Responsibilities of Governments Canada Marine fish (salt water) • Quota Crustaceans and mollusks • Quota Province of Quebec (sport or commercial) (sport or commercial) • Surveys • Studies • Protection against poaching • Habitat Protection • Permits • Fresh water studies water population surveys • Habitat Protection • Permits • Fresh • Surveys • Studies • Protection • Habitat Marine mammals (seals and whales) against poaching Protection • Quota • Permits • Surveys • Studies • Protection against poaching against whales watching activities human harassment • Habitat Protection • Protection Fresh water fish • Quota for sea fishing for sea fishing • Permit for sea fishing • Habitat Protection • Quota Big game (moose, caribou, whitetail deer, black bear, wild turkey, polar bear) • Surveys • Quota • Quota and studies on federal lands • Habitat Protection (sport or commercial)/inland fisheries (sport or commercial) • Surveys • Studies • Protection against poaching • Season length • Permits • Permit • Surveys • Studies • Protection • Season Small Game (ruffed grouse, snowshoe hare, etc.) • Surveys • Habitat and studies on federal lands Protection against poaching length • Quota • Permit • Surveys • Studies • Habitat • Season protection length Community Consultation • Wildlife Management Tools 17 (continued) Canada • Quota Amphibians (green frog, bull frog, leopard frog) Migrating birds (ducks, geese, woodcock) Province of Quebec • Permit • Protection • Quota • Permit • Habitat against poaching protection • Habitat protection • Surveys • Studies • Habitat protection against poaching • Season length • Protection Fur animals • Survey and studies on federal lands • Quota • Permit • Surveys • Studies • Trap line • Protection • Season Species at risk • Status CAN protection • Studies • Surveys • Protection against poaching • Recovery Plans • Status Others species • Status • Status 18 • Habitat CAN against poaching ex : loon • Protection Community Consultation • Wildlife Management Tools against poaching length QC protection • Studies • Surveys • Protection against poaching • Recovery Plans • Habitat QC • Protection against poaching Generating Dams Major Power Generating Dams Located on Kitigan Zibi Anishinabeg’s Traditional Territory Map reference No Name of Dam or Generating Station Location-River Maximum Daily Generating Power (Megawatts) Year of Construction 0 Des Joachims Ottawa 429 1950 1 Bryson Ottawa 61 1925 2 Chenaux Ottawa 140 1950 3 Chats Falls/Chutes des Chats Ottawa 267 1931 4 Chaudière Ottawa 15 5 Centrale de Hull Ottawa 12 1913 6 Centrale Joey-Tanenbaum Coulonge 17 1994 7 Rapides des Cèdres (Poisson Blanc Reservoir) Lièvre 5 n/a 8 High Falls Lièvre 95 1929 9 Chute Dufferin Lièvre 38 1957 10 Masson Lièvre 119 1929 11 Centrale de Daniel-Larocque Lièvre 2.4 1912 12 Centrale W.R. Beatty (Waltham) Noire 12 1950 13 Mercier (Baskatong Reservoir) Gatineau 50.5 1927 14 Paugan (Low, Québec) Gatineau 202 1928 15 Chelsea Gatineau 153 1927 16 Rapides Farmers Gatineau 100 1927 17 Centrale de Hull 2 Gatineau 27.28 1920 1891 (Stn. #2) 1900 (Stn. #4) Total: 1 744.9 There are also two dams (non power generating) located on the Lièvre watershed that are within Kitigan Zibi Anishinabeg’s territory: • • Kiamika Mitchinamecus Watt (W): A watt is a unit of measurement for Power. ex. A one hundred watt light bulb will consume one hundred watts of power when turned on. If the light bulb was left on for 3 hrs, it would consume a total of 300 watt-hours. Watts measure instantaneous power while watt-hours measure total energy consumed over a period of time.2 Megawatt (MW): Is a unit for measuring power and is equal to one million watts. 2. Utili Point Issue Alert, What is a megawatt. Bob Bellemare. Website: www.utilipoint.com/issuealert/print.asp?id=1728 Community Consultation • Generating Dams 19 Notes Printing: Anishinabe Printing — www.anishprint.ca 20 Community Consultation • Notes