Untitled - Go Erzurum

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HISTORY AND CULTURE ENTHUSIASTS WHO LOVE
TO EXPLORE; GATE TO ANATOLIA IS WAITING FOR
YOU. MYSTERIES OF HISTORY AND CULTURE ARE
ON THIS PLATEAU.
Contents
Culture and Creative Tourism
2-3
Erzurum Castle, Clock Tower,
Pasinler Castle, Oltu Castle, İspir Castle
4-5
Erzurum Bastions, Double Minaret Madrasa, Yakutiye Madrasa, Ulu Mosque
6-7
Murat Pasha Mosque, Gürcükapı Mosque, Kurşunlu Mosque, Narmanlı Mosque,
İbrahim Pasha Mosque, Caferiye Mosque
8-9
Lala Pasha Mosque, Aslan Pasha Social Complex, Tuğrul Shah Mosque,
Abdurrahman Gazi Hz. Mausoleum, Üç Kümbetler (Three Mausolea), Ebu İshak
Kazeruni Mausoleum, Cimcime Sultan Mausoleum, Rüstempasha Caravanserai
10 - 11
Erzurum Archeology Museum, Congress Building, Atatürk's House, Öşvank
Church, Çobandede Bridge, Haho Church (Stone Mosque)
12 - 13
Textile Industry, Oltu Stone Dressing, Saddlery, Bar, Javelin
14 - 15
Erzurum Map of Culture and Creative Tourism
16 - 18
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CULTURE AND CREATIVE TOURISM
Erzurum, built at the feet of Palandöken Mountain Range, had been
the economical and political center of the neighborhood throughout
its history of 6000 years. In Erzurum which is one of the oldest
settlement centers of Anatolia, many remnants belonging to
Persians, Romans, Byzantines, Seljuks and Ottomans have survived
until today. Beside historical artifacts, Erzurum draws attention with
traditional folk dances, handicrafts which are continually produced
and local flavors.
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ERZURUM CASTLE
Erzurum Castle comprises of an inner
castle which provides security of the
city and keeps guarding soldiers and an
outer castle where the public is settled.
The inner castle part succeeded to reach today. First construction of Erzurum
Castle reaches back until Urartu Civilization of 900 B.C. The castle existing
today is a work-of-art for Theodosius,
the Byzantine Emperor. Saltukoğulları
built up the “Castle Mescid” and a minaret here in 12th century. Süleyman the
Magnificent and II. Mahmut repaired the
castle thoroughly. The minaret inside
the castle was turned into a “Clock
Tower” in 1848.
CLOCK TOWER
It is one of the oldest and noble Turkish
constructions of Erzurum. It was made
built by “İnanç Yabgu Alp Tuğrul Beg
Ebü'l Muzaffer Gazi bin Ebü'l Kasım”
titeled "Şemsü'l- Müluk ve'l-ümem" from
Saltuklular in the middle of 12th century.
Clock Tower is adjacent to the northern
side of the western wall of the inner
castle standing today. Upper side of the
minaret was demolished at the
beginning of the 16th century and it was
began to be used as a "Clock Tower" by
adding a clock and as a watch-tower as
well first in 1848 and then in 1881.
PASİNLER CASTLE
It is in the center of the town Pasinler. It was
built by Hasan Bey, the son of Hacı Toğay,
who was an İlhanlı Amir in 1339. Gate and
walls of the inner castle which were made
of dimension stone and rubble stone could
survive. First introduction of the castle to
Turks was by "Pasinler Battle" between
Seljuks and Byzantines in 1048.
OLTU CASTLE
The castle found on a hill near Oltu Streamlet in the center of the town Oltu was
made built by the Urartian in 4 B.C. The
inner castle found on natural rocks and
named “Ehmedek” today stands in front
of us with all magnificence. On the northeastern edge of the castle, over a steep
and a high bastion, there is a chapel
remaining on the base level.
İSPİR CASTLE
It is located on an escarpment bordering
Çoruh River on the west and the south in
the town İspir. The first construction of
İspir Castle reaches back to the Urartians.
The surviving castle was built in the period of İlhanlılar in the 13th century. There is
a mescid which has remained from the
Saltukians inside the castle.
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ERZURUM BASTIONS
YAKUTİYE MADRASA
Erzurum bastions are important works-of-art carrying bitter memories of the
19th century. Bastions were established on 21 strategic points of the city against
dangers from the east during the regression period of the Ottoman Empire.
Especially Aziziye and Mescidiye Bastions played a crucial role in the OttomanRussian War named "93 Harbi" between 1877-1878. The defense of Aziziye
had been a stage to bravery of the public and enabled the city to be rescued
from invasion. The public of Erzurum arrange a marching to the bastions in
anniversaries of the defense and memorialize their heroes each year.
The work-of-art which was made
built by Hoca Yakut Gazani in 1310
in İlhanlılar period is the biggest of
the madrasas with a covered yard in
Anatolia. The madrasa forms a great
view with a balanced architecture,
large motive ornamentations,
its crown gate protruding to the
outside of the facade, with a sunken
arch and carvings. Date leaves,
leopard and eagle figures are major
symbols of the Middle Asian Turks.
6 cradle vaulted rooms stand in line
facing one another on both sides of
the yard. Additionally one can reach
to the minaret from the room on the
right corner. Its geometrical motives
and minaret adorned with ceramics
draw attention. Yahudiye Madrasa
have served as Museum of İslamic
Works-of-Art and Ethnography
since 1994.
ULU MOSQUE
DOUBLE MINARET MADRASA
Double Minaret Madrasa built at the end of the 13th century is one of the most
important, remaining works-of-art of the Seljukian Civilization and a symbol
of Erzurum as well. Ornamentations found particularly at the crown gate of
the madrasa display the depth and the aesthetics perspective of Seljukian
stone decoration. Palmet and rumi motives and two-headed eagle, the symbol
of Seljukians, and tree of life figures draw attention. Half minarets which are
mentioned in legends and the mosque's ceramics are charming. Double Minaret
Madrasa is one of the most important madrasas of its time. The mausoleum on
the south of the yard is titled as the biggest mausoleum of that period.
Ulu Mosque, one of the oldest and the
most prominent mosques in Erzurum,
was made built by Nasreddin Aslan
Mehmet, a Saltukian Amir in 1179. The
rectangular shaped mosque reflects the
architectural perspective of the Seljuks
with its thick stone columns, swallow
cupola, mihrab and minaret. There
are 40 columns inside the mosque
illuminated with 28 windows. The
mosque has five doors, two on the east
and three on the north.
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MURAT PASHA MOSQUE
It was made built by Kuyucu Murat Pasha in 1573. The hamam
next to the construction forms a social complex together
with Ana Hatun Mausoleum and Ahmediye Madrasa. The
dome, squinches and arches of the mosque are ornamented
with flower and leaf motives in European style by painting on
plaster in the 19th century. Original wooden door, mimber and
window lids are of the best illustrations of Ottoman woodwork.
GÜRCÜKAPI MOSQUE
It was made built by Zakreci Ali Ağa who served in Erzurum
in 1608. It is known with the name Ali Ağa Mosque. The
square shaped prayer place is covered with a central dome
fitting on squinches on sides.
KURŞUNLU MOSQUE
Kurşunlu Mosque which was made built by Şeyhülislâm
Feyzullah Efendi in 1701 is among the work-of-art
belonging to the Ottoman period. The square planned
construction made of stone is covered with a dome
fitting on six drums. Wooden minbar of the construction
is one of the best samples of Turkish woodwork.
NARMANLI MOSQUE
It is situated on the east of Double Minaret Madrasa in
Tebriz Kapı neighborhood. The work-of-art was made built
by Narmanlı Hacı Yusuf in 1738 according to a four row
inscription on the door. Narmanlı Mosque has one big dome
and five small domes on sides. The mosque made of straight
dimension stones draws attention with its craftsmanship.
İBRAHİM PASHA MOSQUE
It was made built by İbrahim Ethem Pasha, Erzurum
governor in 1748. The square planned mosque with a
single dome was made of white color marble stone. The
narthex in front of the mosque has three domes with
four columns linked together with arches. Mihrab of the
mosque is of marble.
CAFERİYE MOSQUE
It was made built by Hacı Cafer, the son of Ebubekir, in
1645. Three domes which open to the forth and to sides,
are carried by four columns and hidden within the inclined
ground were revealed during restorations in 2006 in front
of the construction. The inner area is covered by a single
dome fitting on squinches on sides.
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LALAPASHA MOSQUE
ÜÇ KÜMBETLER (THREE MAUSOLEA)
It was made built by Lala Mustafa Pasha, Erzurum governor,
in 1562. It is the first mosque built in Erzurum during the
Ottoman period. The architecture of the work-of-art belongs
to Architect Sinan. The inscriptions on windows of the mosque
illuminating the inner side are of unique calligraphy samples.
Inside the narthex, there is a firman dated 1670, narrating that
4. Mehmed brought tax exemption to the public.
Üç Kümbetler is among the best mausolea in Anatolia.
The biggest of these mausolea which is supposed to be
built in the late 12th century and belong to Emir Saltuk.
Animal relievo on this one are zodiac figures of Middle
Eastern Turks. The other two mausolea are the 14th
century works-of-art.
ASLAN PASHA SOCIAL COMPLEX
It is found in the town center of Oltu. It was made built by
Arslan Mehmed Pasha, the safeguard of Kars from Çıldır
Atabeks, in 1664. The social complex was established
involving a mosque, madrasa, han, hamam and a palace.
TUĞRUL SHAH MOSQUE
It is found in town center of İspir. It was built for Melik Tuğrul
Shah in 1225 when Saltukoğulları were bound to Konya
Seljuk’s. The harim section of the mosque draw attention
with wooden pillars, a wooden ceiling and a swallow cupola.
EBU İSHAK KAZERUNİ MAUSOLEUM
It belongs to Ebu İshak Hazretleri of the biggest Islamic
philosopher. Construction date of the mausoleum on
the fortification wall bounding the inner castle to Double
Minaret Madrasa is not exactly known.
CİMCİME SULTAN MAUSOLEUM
The tomb known to belong to a woman named Firuze
was built in the 14th century. The body of the bastion
with a round base was designed in accordance with
the base.
ABDURRAHMAN GAZİ HZ. MAUSOLEUM
RÜSTEM PASHA CARAVANSERAI
Hier lies Abdurrahman Gazi Hz., a sahabe (companion),
who served as flag-bearer for Hz. Muhammed'in (s.a.v).
The mausoleum was made built by Ayşe Hanım who was
the wife of Yusuf Ziya Pasha, Erzurum governor, in 1796
and a mosque was added next to it.
It was made built by Rüstem Pasha, the grand vizier
of Süleyman the Magnificent, in 1561. The construction
is one of the most beautiful Ottoman caravanserai
samples. This work-of-art named Taşhan currently serves
as a production and a sales place of Oltu stone artisans.
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ERZURUM ARCHEOLOGICAL MUSEUM
ÖŞVANK CHURCH
The museum which was in service first in Yahudiye Madrasa in
1944 and later in Double Minaret Madrasa in 1947 began to serve
in its current building in 1968. The museum includes a II thousand
B.C. Trans-Kafkas Culture Hall, an Urartu Hall and an Armenian
Extermination Hall. In the exhibition hall of the museum, informative
pieces in various matters such as cultural development, production,
life style, art, believes and traditions of communities who used to
exist in the neighborhood are being displayed.
It is in Çamlıyamaç Village in the
town Uzundere. It was made built
by Magistras Bagrat in 973 during
the time of Gürcü Bagratlı Dynasty.
Öşvank Church, interesting with
its colorful stone adornments and
relief figures, is one of the leading
religious constructions of the 10th
century. The work-of-art included a
hamam, bedroom, baptistery, priest
houses, kitchen and a library.
ÇOBANDERE BRIDGE
CONGRESS BUILDING
The construction which was aimed to be İdadi Mektebi (high school) in 1867 is the
main symbol of War of Independence history. Erzurum Congress assembled in this
building in leadership of Atatürk in 23 July 1919. Foundations of Turkish Republic
were laid during this congress addressing Unity of the Nation. The building Congress
Hall of which was turned into a museum today serves as a High School for Fine Arts.
It is found on the north side of and 15 km away from
Pasinler on Erzurum-Horasan Highway. The bridge
found on the historical Silk Road route was made
built by Salduzlu Emir Çoban Noyin, the vizier of
Gazan Han (1295-1304), an İlhanlı ruler, in 1298. The
construction form and head of bridge design reflect
Seljuck and İlhanlı architectural styles. The bridge built
on the conjunction point of Karga Pazarı and Aras
River has the length of 128 m and the width of 8.5 m.
ATATÜRK'S HOUSE
HAHO CHURCH (STONE MOSQUE)
It was built as a mansion in the 19th century.
Mustafa Kemal Pasha with his companions who
came Erzurum in 3 July 1919 stayed in this house
for 52 days. The construction with two stairs upon
the basement currently serve as a museum.
It is in Bagbaşı Village in the town Tortum. The
construction known as Meryem Ana Church was
made built by III. David, a Bagratlı King, in 1001.
The construction, turned into a mosque in the 19th
century, was named to be Stone Mosque.
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TEXTILE INDUSTRY
In Erzurum named Kalikala meaning Carpet City for a period of time, weaving
has an important place. Erzurum carpet business is recently kept alive by Public
Education Directorate and in Carpet Atelier of Atatürk University, Faculty of Fine
Arts. Ehram is one of the main woven products. Ehram is an outdoor clothing
woven completely in sheep's wool and used by women in one piece as an
outgoing robe. Ehram weaving loom is found in Ilıca Quarter.
SADDLERY
It is an art of making and repairing leather
and buff parts of car harnesses, suits for
mount and pulling animals, saddles. Artisans
who manage this art are called saraç in
Turkish. Today there are only two saraç in the
saddlery in Gürcükapı Quarter in Erzurum.
BAR
Folk dances performed in Erzurum vicinity are called “bar”. Bar means unity and solidarity. Women
and men bars are performed in different ways.
Men bars have 18 categories, while the number is
15 for women. They are performed in special days,
during celebrations and several organizations.
OLTU STONE DRESSING
Oltu stone is a black, solid, bright, polishable and trimmable lignite type with
tinder fractures. Accessories like mouthpiece, rosary, pin, earring, ring and bracelet
are produced from Oltu stone which can be used together with gold and silver.
Oltu stone ateliers are found in Taşhan and in different parts of the city.
JAVELIN
Javelin, based on fighting of mankind using
horses, is accepted as a demonstration of
masculinity. It is a game played by the Turks
since centuries ago. This game combining
movements of horse and man during wars is
played on a javelin square.
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i
m
Sa
et
tre
eS
hç
Ba
St
re
et
St
iz
g
n
Ce
et
Stre
kara
Çay
et
Stre
bül
üm
1. S
Street
Hastaneler
Street
Şelale Evler
Be
y
et
re
St
S
et
re
St
oy
ifs
er
nŞ
ha
Or
Street
gin
Er
fiz
Na
Ka
zım
Ka
rab
ekir
Str
eet
Ge
zS
tree
t
et
tre
zS
vu
Ya
Rı
za
gin
Er
fiz
Na
L
YI
et
tre
iS
m
Ca
Kurtderesi
.
50
et
tre
lS
pe
o
T
iz
ng
Ce
REET
50.YIL ST
Street
mal Gürsel
N
fa
ta
us
M
et
re
St
az
rm
u
D
T
EE
TR
al
İhm
Y
DD
TR EET
KAPI S
BUL
N
A
ST
N
t
ee
et
ERZURUM
MAP OF CULTURE AND
CREATIVE TOURISM
et
tre
nS
yo
as
İst
re
et
tre
›S
lar
an
jm
Lo
et
tre
sS
re
de
en
M
St
Street
Kombina
2
tr
iS
es
er
rtd
u
.K
t
ee
1.
Ya
se
m
in
St
re
et
Çıkmaz
Street
Mumcu Stree
t
St
10
t
Stree
Erz
Yakup PakErz(Cirit)pı
+90 (536) 899 99 20
Ka
incan
apı
nK
St
kim
Str
eet
am S
t
ğlu S
t
şa Str.
Muratpa
Ye
e Stre
et
t
e
nhan
re
Sabu
St
treet
rta S
an e
Street
Yenişehir
Street
Erzurum Culture, Tourism,
Youth and Sport Association
+90 (543) 877 72 07
eet
k Str
erse
na H
Bos
Dr. İspiroğlu
unh
Sab
eet
t Str
Street
Erzurum Foundation of
Development
+90 (442) 233 38 20
Archeological
Museum
Sigo
St
o
Molla
Erzurum Folk kDances-Folk
St
dı
Songs Tourism
Association Street
Fın
ı
ap
+90 (442) 213 74 74
nik
niye
Em
Dedeman Ski Lodge
+90 (442) 317 05 00
Tourism
www.dedeman.com
+90 (442) 235 22 01
www.esadas.com Mecidiye Street Tourinn Palan Hotel
FA
T İH
+90 (442) 317 07 07
SU
Dadaş Tourism
LT
www.palanhotel.com
+90 444 25 00
AN
ME
www.dadasturizm.com.tr
Palandöken Kayak Evi
HM
+90 (442) 317 08 04
ETPalandöken Tourism
AV
E(442)
+90
235
00
54
NU
Kule Hotel
E
palandokenseyahat.com
+90 (442) 319 00 20Erzurum
inca
oğlu
vuş
Ça
Atatürk University Carpet
Business
Training
Center
Murat Pasha
Mosque
+90 (536)
560 19 64
+90 (442) 231 10 01
Ham
Dedeman Palandöken
+90 (442) 316 24 14
www.dedeman.com
Akbulut Saraciye
T STREET
(Saddlery)
CUMHURİYE
+90 (442) 213 25 26
m
O
St
re
et
Havuzbaşı
Xanadu Snow White
PTT
+90 (442) 230 30 30
www.xanaduhotels.com.tr
Erzurum
Governorate
Esadaş
Yakuti
Madra
Dabak Hurşit 2
.
CİOĞLU STRE
ET
DEMİR
TİN
LAHET
RG. SE
Polat Renaissance Hotel
+90 (442) 232 00 10
www.polatturizm.com
netim
Merkez Yö
PTT
Erzurum Bus Terminal
+90 (442) 233 90 90
ACCOMMODATION
eet
Yenişehir Str
Aziziye Parkı
Atatürk
University
St
Metin Çelebi
Atatürk's
House
(Oltu stone
artisan)
Gemalmaz St
+90 (537) 680 31 32
Ha
N
Provincial Directorate of
Erzurum+90 (850)
250and07Tourism
37
Culture
Metropolitan
Tourist Information
www.flypgs.com
Municipality
t
Stree
D ur
sun B e y
Pegasus Airlines
L
BZO
Hacı Ömer Street
NBU
TRA
Ankara
et
u Stre
Mumc
İSTA
ARA
Ara Street
ANK
St
mi
Ca
Onur Airlines
+90 (850) 210 6 687
t
l Stree
www.onurair.com
Cemal Gürse
AD
RELATED CONNECTIONS
eet
Çaykara Str
RO
Kral Hotel
+90 (442) 234 64 00
eet
1. Cami Str
Mehmet Tozoğlu
Cami Street
(Ehram weaver)
+90 (544) 686 95 36
Öğretmenevi
İsmatpaşa St
UM
Meteoroloji
Bölge Müdürlüğü
eet
iÖ
nü
S
Street
Çaykara
ZUR
Orduevi Street
Medam Tourism
+90 (505) 893 53 92
www.medam.com.tr
Lojmanlar Str
Anadolujet
+90 444 2 538
www.anadolujet.com
Overir Tour
+90 (442) 234 65 65
www.overirtur.com
St
1. Ko
ru
tre
et
Hekimoğlu Hotel
+90 (442) 234 30 49
et
ra Stre
Çayka
- ER
Erzurum Airport
+90 (442) 327 28 35
St
Bahçe
Millet
kçu
Stre
Akçay Hotel
et
+90 (442)
235 32 64
Ca
m
Tur 25 Tourism
+90 (442) 235 35 97
www.tur25.com
TRANSPORTATION
Turkish Airlines
+90 444 0 849
www.thy.com.tr
Veli
Str
Street
Hastaneler
Ambulance Short-Call: 112
Police Short-Call: 155
M
ille
tB
ah
çe
2.
Hotel Amiller
St
Millet Bahçe
+90 (442)3. 234
92 17
Oral and Dental
Eş-Dost Tour
Health Center
+90 (442) 235 55 25
Tourist Information
+90 (442) 235 09 25
eet
Esadaş Hotel
treet
hçe S
illet Ba 233 54 25
+90M(442)
Ak-Burak Tour eet
+90 (442) 235 65 16
Museum Directorate
+90 (442) 233 04 14
t.
kS
ne
Ör
PTT
Hotel Polat
Verem
+90 (442) 235
03Savaş
63
Dispanseri
re St
eet
Str
lle
aha
im
Yen
eet
Str
et
re
St
n
pa
Ko
i
m
Sa
GrandımHitit
Ka Hotel
rab
ekir 50 01
+90 (442) 233
Str
Çeşme
St
ızı
rm
Kı
St
Durmazpınar
Tourism
iz
ng
+90 (442)
Ce 233 36 90
Ka
www.durmazpinartur.com
ra
Er
ku
ş
Provincial Directorate of
Culture and Tourism
+90 (442) 235 09 25
re
et
Ka
z
Ge
zS
tree
t
et
re
St
et
re
St
un
Uz
Street
Şelale Evler
uz
av
Y
11 Tour
Rı
+90(442)
za 234 15 15
Be
y
www.11tur.com
St
Street
Hastaneler
et
Stre
inal
Term
Cemal Gürsel Stadyumu
Cemal Gürsel Stadium
lu
Fuar Yo
t
t
tree
3. S
AN
eet
r. Str
lu A
r Yo
Fua
ğ
Ça
eet
Str
Metropolitan Municipality
+90 (442) 233 00 04
www.erzurum.bel.tr
iS
et
Stre
m
Ca
dak
an
lay
ros
an
lay
rba
et
Stre
a
ilgih
B
Ba
tr
nS
tre
rS
nka
Hü
et
Kuşkay Tour
et 234 24 47
+90 (442)
re
St
in
et
re
St
g
Er
Hotel Dilaver
fiz
Na
+90 (442)
235 00 68
et
Stre
kara
Çay
inal
Term
eet
ğ
İNC
e
tr
al S
in
m
Ter
et
T
IL STREE
50. Y
TOURISM
AGENCIES
et
Stre
bül
üm
1. S
RELEVANT FOUNDATIONS
TR EET
KAPI S Governorate
Erzurum
BUL
N
+90
(442)
237 50 00
A
İST
www.erzurum.gov.tr
Ça
Boy
CONTACTS
et
tre
eS
hç
Ba
Som
unoğ
lu Str
eet
al
gin
Er
fiz
Na
IL
T
aS
oc
if H
Ak
tog
Bus T ar
ermin
.Y
50
tre
lS
pe
To
z
i
ng
Ce
fa
ta
us
M
E
RE
ST
O
Erzu
rum A
irport
Road
O
et
Street
t
ee
Str
ğlu
o
n
mu
So
Hav
Airp aalanı
ort
tre
Kurtderesi
lu
iryo
t
e
Stre
20
Erzurum
Tourism
Portal
Y
et
DD
re
www.goerzurum.net
St
az
m
www.Dvurisit-er.net
et
2. H
alit
Pa
şa
St
St
et
tre
›S
lar
an
jm
Lo
Mazi Street
.S
Ku
U
3. Ar
12. Street
10. Street
2.
14
t
ree
Dem
ERZ
2.
et
re
St
et
tre
nS
yo
as
İst
S
si
re
e
rtd
et
tre
sS
re
de
en
M
.
11
t
e
tre
Street
Kombina
.
11
Gülşah Street
et
tre
.S
14
9. Street
et
t
ee
13. Stre
This brochure was printed within the project named "Awareness Project for Erzurum Tourism Products" supported by
Northeast Anatolia Development Agency. The mere responsibility for the content is held by Provincial Culture and
Tourism Directorate and the content does not include the opinion of Northeast Anatolia Development Agency.