Killyleagh Conservation Area (March 1993)

IdI CONSERVATION
KILLYLEAGH 1'I
AREA
KILLYLEAGH CONSERVATION
AREA
1.0 I N T R O D U C T I O N
2.0 BOUNDARY O F CONSERVATION AREA
3.0
NEED FOR DESIGNATION
4.0 T H E DESIGNATION
DESIGNATION
DOCUMENT
5.0 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
6.0 TOWNSCAPE
7 . 0 DESIGN G U I D E L I N E S
8 . 0 APPENDICES
DIVISIONAL PLANNlNG OFFICE
RATHKELTAIR HOUSE MARKET STREET DOWNPATRICK APRIL 1993
-
r
i
l
1
- - -.
: l:
-
-
INTRODUCTION
1.0 INTRODUCTION
T
he modern town of Killy1eagPn is a
product: of the Ulster Plantation of
the 17th century although there is
evidencc of earlier settlement by both
the Normans and the Uaels. This small
County Down town, rich ha histofy, is
the proud p s ~ e s o
~f ~anr e
heritage which c d d ~ ~ a t es-cularIy
s
in KUylagh Castle. Set amongst
rullhg drumlins at the edge of
Straagford Lough, the 6uilt
environment
combines
beautifully with
the natural
landscape to
create a quite
unique sease
of p l a a
The P
(NI) Order 1991 provides
the basis far the protection of the
m i n c e ' s heritage of buildings of
spacial architectural interest sad for the
designation of whole areas of s b d a r
intemt the ewer or appearance of
which it is desirable to preserve or
enhance.
The historic importance aad quality of
the towxirape of Killyleagh warrants
the action af the Department of the
Environment for Northcm Ireland in
designating much of the town as a
Co~~~emtion
Area uader the
terms of
Article 50 of
the Phming
W11 -er
LW. BOUNDARY OF THE CONSERVATION AREA 2.0 BOUNDARY O F THE
CONSERVATION AREA
T
hetnwnofKillyIeaghIsan
expression in t h e and space of
the convergence of a unique
combhation of demapts buildings,
streets, %paces
and hdscape. The
geographical extent of the
Consemadon Area b a r e f l d o m of
the intmdationship betweem these
elements of townscape rather than 51
fgcus on the qualities of irpdividual
buildings or groups of buildings.
The boundguy encloses therefore not
only the wrigiial Jacobean town a d
Castle,but d o the Harbour area and
Dibncy River valley and C
s
w
l additions
such as Plantation S W and the
complex of nineteenth century mill
blaiIdings on the samherrz margin of
the town,
The historic core of Killyleagh is
composed of pleast~ntlyenclosed
Georgian and Victorian terraces which
display much orighd detailing such as
fanlights, coach arch-, quoins, whed
windows and original stonework. Nigh
Surctt. CatheStreet and Fderick
Street, m well as contahhg the bulk
of the t&s
Eisted buildings. provide
rewarding internal vistas and external
views. Elsewhere, as in Cmss S-,
change of scale and building hine
provide visual interest w&t key corner
sit- offer opportunities far
e n h a n v t and impmvement.
T h e Harbour area is included as an
acknowlegement of the qualities
inherent in its location. Regeneration
and enhancerntnt is vital if the tourist
and d o l l a l potential of this area
i s to be fully exploited.
The Wbncy Wver v d k y encloses the
town to the north providing a natural
boundary to the C a d o n &ea.
Clearly visible from Shrigte~rRoacP and
Cumber Road it contributes
~ i ~ c a f l t to
l ythe landscape and
s&g
of the
t m .
D
esignation should assist urban
regeneration by:
(a) Providing a W e w o r k for tbe
protection of the t m m t s heritage
and guiding dweIopers to ensure
that, future change rmpeas the
character of the C o ~ t i o n
Area(b) Encouraging a sense of pride
amdng property ownem in the
historic core of Killyleagh and
pfovidiug an opportunity to
dwelop the individual character of
tfie Conservation h a with
potential for i n m d visitor
attraction and resulting btnefits to
trade and employment in the area.
(c] Providing a focus for civic pride h
the history and architectaral
heritage of their town.
(d) Providing an opportunity for
enbaacement of the Comemation
Area fofl~fwingdes&pudon.
Making available grant-aid from
the Dqpm%mcint1eComemation
Area m d Environmed
Improvement funds for
imprmements to property and
public spaces in the Conservation
Area.
N
Born District Council
otice is hedven that the
24 Strangf0l-d Road
Department of the Environment
DOWWATRICK
CM) in pursuance: of powers a n f e d
upon it by Article 50 of the Planning
BT36 6SR
(NI) Under 1993 has designated the
lkk 03% 614331
area outlined on the accompanying
Dlvisidnal Plannin&Office
map as a Conservation Area bdng an
&use
area of specid architectural i m ~ ~ c Rathkeltair
e
Market Street
or histolic interest the m a e r of
Downpatrick
which it is desirable to p m e or
m30 6EA
enhpine A map of the designated ama
'RI: 03% 612211
has been aepO8Ited at the District
Coutleil Offices in Downpattick aad
the Divisional Planning Offme in
Dawnpl3uick at the a d m m indicated
-
below:
THE
OESEGNAf
L
DEVELOPMENT
5.0 HISTORICAL
DEVELOPMENT
S
ituated on the western shorn of
Svaagford h g h five miles north
east of Dawnpatrick, the town of
Kiliykagh was a port of some
eminence priar to the conquest of
Ireland by the Anglo-Normans. A
remote n d a w of the present town is
believed to have becn formed by the
M a s A r t W (anglicised to -1
who possessed extensive territory h
East Down. Upon the conquest of the
maritime parts of Ulster, Sir J o b de
Cowey appears to hawe retarded
K1Uyleagh as a place of some
importance and around 1177AD
adopted it as the site of one of his
W e s and principal stttlements. In the
early 17th ccntslry the manor and
district of KiWIeagh wert graated by
Jam- KI to Sir Jarnes Hamilton who
mtorod and comidd1y enlarged the
castle which he made his principal
Teaideace. The present form of
Killyleagb dates from this time. In 1425
it had ninety houses laid out in
cruciform fashion and by the 1830's
there were two hundred and swen
houses, arranged in two nearly parallel
streets intersected by a longer one.This
is the street layout whlch remains the
basis of the settlement today.
The town grim steadily anand as the
17th and 18th cenrurlcs pmgresd.
Killyleaj&, which had originally
becn a village of farmers
d u s t e d round the Castle for
protection, became a market
centre This reflected the
hicreased product3Vity of
thc farming community
which, by then. was able to
grow more than it
needed, W much so that
k 1725, the 4
1
b
m
Corporation gave a
tenement for the
erection of a market
bouge. 'ib stu this
susplu&tbe groarth
of the port was
encouraged since
transport and
communication over land was difficult.
Cottage industry based upon handloom Linen adso pro~ptmd.
l':
With the 19th cxmtury came
manufacturing industry, although in
1833 the Corporation Comtnissionenr
Report stated that "the town was
impraving but s t i l l extremely limit;ed in
extent and populationn:'At the same
time, however, cotton manufacnuing
was being carried out on an aaonsive
scale in nearby Shrigley* large s3x storey
mills having bem ~ l i 8 h . d
there to
take advantage of the water supply
ffom the Dibney Rivu. The track of
the porr cansistcd principally ia the
errport of whtat, barley, oats,
b u * ~ U p and cotton goods; and the
import of rotton wool, coal, iron, salt
and gmeral ~
C
I TheCharbour
~
was described as well shcltmcd and
acc#sible to vesssla drawing not more
than ten feet of we* and the quay
and basin were completed in 1833.
Them wue also exwmive qudc8 of
b d t and ~ I a ydate from wbich were
talten 'the whole of the stancs of
which the town is built:
The construction of the Killyleagh flax
s p i d g mill in 1852 signalled the
arrival of manufacturing industry in
the town itself. Between 1831-71. the
population of the town in-ed
by
55Wo and the proportion engaged in
agricuhuxe contipacd to f
a
By the late 19th century the growth of
BeIfast had undermined the role of the
town as a market town and port. At
the same time KillyIeagh's importance
as an indastrid and service centre for
the nmomding district increased. In
1900 the Killyleagh and Shrigley mills
employed 1500 people and the town
bad finally ceased to be the residence
of farnnets.
Prosperity continued into the early
20th century without affecting the
physical structure of the town
significantly? but by P931 with the
closure of the Shrigley mill, economic
decline was setting ih. S h e the
Second World War the town has grown
far beyond its original coflnts, with
the construction of several new housing
estates on the outskirts.
IPbday KiUyieagh functions as a small
maaufmring town and local service
centre for the surrounding sum1 area
and with the establishment of two
yacht clubs and a sailing centrc in the
vicinity, it has become aa important
yachting centre, The population of the
t m now stands at m u a d 2300 and
with available housing h d there is the
passibility of wesl more dcvelolpment.
If the chatacter and integrity of the
town are to be protected in the face of
further change, camfuf management
and sensitive guidance will be required.
6
TOWNSCAPE
I'
6.0 TOWNSCAPE
E'
m1
T
he btautifad natural setting of
Killyleagh, its layout and the
buildings of its historic core have
combined with the passing years to
produce zt twvnscape rich in interest
and diversity. Tht Castle on the hill at
the head of the town with its high
conical turrets rising through the trecs;
the roofs and chimney stacks of the
surromding huddle of domestic
buildings, warthousts and shedq
punctuated by church towers and
spires, the internal vistas and external
views afforded by the intimate layout
of the streets; the harbour at the foot
of the hill with its v i m across
Smgford Lnugh to the low sibouette
of &a Apds peninsula; these are the
qualities of Killyleagh which make its
designation as a Camervation Area
appropriate.
the Dibney Vaky, Cross St-.
PIantation Street/CastIe Lane, Church
Hi15 Irish Street, Shore Street and the
Harbour area. These streets and spaces
mwtitnte the historic care of the town
and a brief description of each will
hopefulIy provide a clcarer picture of
the dbt51dve and unique char*
of
Killylcagh.
Tht Cansewation Arca covers the
Castle area, High Street, Fraderick
The Castle Ama
Killyleagh Castle is an outstanding
landmark of architectnral and
historical significance whose present
appearance owes much to the
Victorian era. It can be seen not only
from the t m where the vim, though
framed by the surrounding streets, are
somewhat Limited, but also from the
countryside to the north, west and
south where clearly mmmanding the
bill it stands silhouetted against the
sky. Within the tuwn it towers over
High Street and Frederick Street. T h e
Iarge open space dividing it from the
Georgian dweUings of these strocss is
an important townscape element and
the nearest there is in Killyleagh to a
Street. Catheriae S t m . Conber Road,
t o m square
HIGH STREET, CATHERINE
STREET,CROSS STREET
This is the mmrewcial core of the
town wen though many residential
properties- are located here Tbgcther,
the sftectS within the area contain thc
bulk of tbe town's shops, offices and
other businesse& Here d s o are to be
f m m ~tie majority of a listed a d
supplome~tarylisted bullwhich
give this part of K i U y h g h its air of
WatJqraltr and charm.
High Street is essentially a street af
changing levels and Georgian buildings
with the bonus of vistas at either end,
It degcends from the Castk t d s
Catb%rincStrtet g%ntlyat first, then
more steeply, reveabg a
roof
line and a M e s t y of roof pitch= in
the process. Fmns it, there is a pIeaamt
view th.rough Shore Saeet to the Laugh
a d the A& ~ U I O heyand,
S
whilst
from the -011~
of the -E
100king
north wcst the Castle provides a superb
visual Sm3p. It is a a m which fimts
retained the itimucy ~f d o m d c scale
and % a pleasing mWum of ,-S
offices, public hmms rrnd dwellings.
I,.-. The old buildings of which it i s almost
entirely comgosed, offer a two and
three stoney irregularity of height. mof
line and roof pitch often fouad in
older settlements and all but a fcw
have slated roofs, with the ridges
&g
parallel to the street. Moreover
is conhim s c v d listed buildings the
most g a b l e of which are located on
the no&m side of the street, ie the
Dufferin Anas public hoWmtaufant,
and the adjoining Ulster Baak. Casz
iron railings enching bWdings in
upper Wgh Street provide a graceful
formality reminisoeat of Georgirta
terraces in more urban settings. On the
southern side, particukrly noteworthy
is No 18, a two storey dwelling and
shop with l!ecm#ised cfolorwrry and
M J t i d shop front, the twa uses
visua1ly integrated by a unified
painting sciwxne.
For the
m m
part. Upper Nigh Street
contains the larger buildiags many of
which were originally buih as
architectural units and w h i a have
since been subdidded. The change of
geru betweea larger and smaUer
bltiLdings is not abmpt and the general
pattern of streemape. as reflected in
basic a r c h i k c t d rhythms, remains
unified and a M w e . Many bailwhilst not W, have retained original
window openings, dazing bars, sbap
f*nts and fanlighted doorways and
these contribute handsomely to the
character of the atre&. Particularly
plmsbg arc Nos 26-30. (a eproup of
two d w d h g s and a shop) and,
providing a strong visual stop to the
terrace, Nos 48-50.
Catherhe Stteet, the malrr north-south
axis of Killyleagh, is, like Wigh S
a street of mixbd c~mmercidand
residential development, It channels
and generates traffic and gives pasem
by their first impression of the town.
The approach fFom Downpatrick b a d
from them the street rises gently to the
junction with High Street and Shore
Strcet. Beyond, the tall trees of Gocaan
Lodge provide it with a r m t d sense
ofmc1osu1.e.Vimgd from the opposite
direction, enclosure is again provided
by the stand of trees at the base of the
drumlin. Catherhe street k an
amalgam of two and three storey
buildings, predominantly the former,
and it contains a number of amellent
liMd bvildingh Hem m* Ulae
arche punctuate facades and the
orighal stone paving
at thcie
mtrance6 give texture md variety to the
footpaths. Desedng of special
mention is the group of listed buildings
betNos 2 and 8 and the attractive
2nd Pftsbykrian Church. No 8, a well
maintained three storey Gcorgiaa
dwtd n s all of its o r i e a l
feature and contributes simcatltly
and positively ra dawnscape quality.
I
m
-*
The dramatic change in roof hdght
betwacn No 8 and the remaining two
storey building8 signals a return to the
dwellings of shopkeepers and m-tbafls.
Nowadays a jumble af mrmpemid and
residential properties, it is fortunate
that amongst the rnany changes which
they have undergofle, their scale, at
leas, survives whilst frontages are a
mixture cf traditional and modem. On
the western side of the street, Nos 3, 5
and 7 combine well in scale md style
witb. the much grander No 9. ExternaI
refurbishment of these baildings would
h a w a major h p a a on strmscapa
Catherine Street is rounded off by the
tall, white painted rendered frontage of
the flax mill. Formerly a four storey
building it has now been reduced to
two; its red brick chimneyr once visibh
from twenty miles away, rivalled the
chunch spire far dominance of the
skyline below the Castle but the
modreplacement has none of its
predecessor's charm.
I
Cross Strtat is a predominantly
commercial street of two storey
buildings. On the eastern side between
Church Hill and Shore Street there are
attractive and colourful public houses
and shops which have retained original
windows and door cases, The main
interest, though, is provided by the
scale of the buildings, and by the way
in which they gently step down the
slope to the Dibney River valley.
Beyond the jundion with Frederick
Street and Church Hill there is a mix
of dwellings asld commercial premises
and autbuildings. Tbe trees which
overhang the road beyond the Usted
Cross Street Bridge, provide enclosure
to the street. Egress frwm the town is
via tbc high brick d of Oacean
LQdge and the lower stone retaining
wall of a high tree-topped
embankment. Viewed from the north,
enclosure is provided by the change in
building line between Cross S t m and
Cathetine Street.
The Dibney Vdlq
The Dibney Valley* on the northern
outskirts of the town, rum parallel to
Shrigley Road a d Freddck Street
before turning south behind Church
Hill to enter the laugh at the junction
of Shore St~eotand Bridge S t m t .
With its steeply sloping banks and
wide vaPley fioor, it is a major
landscape feature which contributes
-cmtly
to the sotring of the rmn.
M c u l a r l y impartant are the vicws
fmm Cross Street Bridge and the view
of the Castle from the valIey floor,
b i d e the pPrmying fields. The area
between Riverdale Manse and Cross
Street Bridge is particularly well
enclosed by stands of trees and steep
valley sides.
l
Frederick Street was once a pleasant
n m w street enclosed by the Castle at
one end and with a view of the church
of Saint John the Evangelist h the
opposite direction, It wed to contain a
mixture of stone warehouses and late
Geargian houses, two small g ~ u p os f
which remain on opposite sides at the
Castle end of the street. It was
redmeloped in the 2970's however and
the new housing consists of a rvvw of
dwellings set back a comiderable
distaacc from the origiaal building lint
in a serrated pattern, exposing the
gmble end of Dufferin lkmcc beyond.
They are unsympathetic to the
chamcm of the historic core in almost
every respect and the original enclosure
of Frederick Street with the Castle as
its visual stop, has b m lost. On the
opposite side of the street the public
car park enclosed only by a Iow
remiming wall exposes the backs of the
buildings In High Street. "Lb the north
of the car park, in a small landscaped
open spacq a wall phqut
commemorates the association of
Frederick Street with Sir Wans Sloaae.
physician. and benefactor of the British
Muscum whose home, which was built
in 1637, u d to &and opposite.
Church H
i
l
l is a pleasant street of two
s t o w dweElings many of them
constructed by the Nonrherpl Ireland
Housing Executive with much
sensitivity for the charractcr of the
historic core The old and new
dwellings marry well and they step
nicely up the hill to the listed parish
church of St John the Bvmgebt
which, beauWdly sited amidst a grove
of mature trees* overlooks the town
and Stmngford Lough. Views of the
church from F d e r I c k Street and from
the Castle Square are patticularly
imporrapt elements h townscape T h e
former Rectory nearby* suffoundbd by
high gardmwab aodtrew, isalso
listed and is an important feature
because of the prominence on Church
Hill. The plaque on the Rectory wall
cammemoratCS Rcv, Dr. Edward
Hincks (1792-1866), an expert on
Egyptian and Meaopotamism
civiltsations and credited with being the
f m to discover the pmper method of
deciphering Egyptian hiemglyphs.
Castle h e , Plantation S t m t
Castle Lant which has no ftontage
deveaopment, descends steeply from the
top of High Street to the junction with
P1anmtion Street. It consists of a stone
wall Wed road with one narrow
footpath. T h e view towards the listed
F b t Presbyterian Church at the
bottom of the ]Lane b one of a
peaceful, pleasant walkway enclosed on
both sides by walls, hedges and mature
trees,
Plantation Street connects Castle Isme
and Cathesine Street. It % a namm
street with narrow footpaths and a
number of stone-built two s t o w mill
workers houses. Howwer, dominating
the street and ruoPSng almost its entire
length, is the hi&, grqr-pIastered wall
of the mill which spoils the outlaok of
the houses opposite and the amenity of
the strret in gened. krtmately it is
interrupted by a lower stone wall which
abuts the
M, affordhq a pleasant
view of the listed First Presbyterian
Church. Set amidst a large churchyard
with an attractive sideways view of the
Castle, the Church is surrounded by
high stone 4 s on three sides. The
little oak tree. embedded in the
Phtation Sseet wall of the church
yard is a novel feature of visual
interest.
Irish Stmt. wide, rznobWve and
predominantly residential, descends
l
I
town and harbour. It is a street of new
term- dmllings and churches with an
unidtmpted view of Straagford
Lough and the Ardsl Peninsula. The
new houses are traditional in style and
SW
nicely down the slope. Vlewed
froan the harbour they frame the high
d brick wall of the flax mill which
encloses the western end of the street.
St Wary's Catholic Church, a listed
building, now functions as the
paroch'ial hall having
repIaccd by
a new church of modern design which
stands beside it,
Shore Stneet m d the Harbour Ama
Shore Sweet falls gently towards the:
harbour turning slowly to meet Bridge
Street whem the Dibney R i m enters
the Lough. It is a predominantly
residcntid street of two storey
d w m n g which dm3Ce.d the incline u,
the harbour unfolding a pleasantly
lmgular pattern of roof pitcbes and
heights. Among the dwellings are a
number of interesting and attractive
groups the most notable ofwhich are,
Nas 20-30,a Victorian terrace; Nos
3234, both listed; Nos 80-102 t a b g
the curye of the street gramfully and
quite similar In appearance to Nos
32-34. The former Methodist Church,
werloaking the harbout, provides good
punctuation to the adjacent terrace
houses. TBe old gasworks building at
the end of the Snow derelict, has
potential for re-use
Housing i-emewal is also much in
evidence both h Share Street and
round the corner in Seaview. The new
houses ane attractive and have been
consuvcted with due regard for the
historic cbmcter of the town. The
3nFl development on the northern side
of Shore Street is particularly good
whilst at Seaview the striking
h q p h r i t y of roofline is a major
component of sheetscapc. From
Seaview the view of tltc treesurrounded parish churcb on top of
Church Hill provides an impressive
backdrop to Shore Street and the
outlook to the Laugh and beyond is
splendid,
through gaps between the terraces
C
i%
%~'WfWW*;:
:
F%.
& .. -
New development, particularly
insertions ipto existing terraces, should
replicate the scale, proportion,
materials and detailing of the existing
buildings and should include such
important elements as chimney stacks
and pots. Height should generally be
two s t o w and the 'm' of new
buildings should be designed doqg the
same principles as the s t d frontage.
Alterations and extensions to existing
buildings should be subordinate to the
character a d form of the parent
building and should respect the s d
and character d adjoining
developments.
The Dqmtment will expct phming
applications to accurately illustrate the
rehtianship of proposed dcvelopme~t
to adjoining properties.
Windows and Window Opnings
The traditional solid masonry walls of
which the older buildings are
constmcted relied on stone or timber
htols or a combination of the two for
the formation of openings. This
imposed a limit on the width of the
window which is g a e d l y s~mewhgt
less than its height. Only occasionally
were these principles varied aud more
elaborate arched openings introduced
or Large balks of timber inserted to
achieve greater spans.
The vertical sliding timber sash fitted
p e r f a y into these proportions in a
mriaty of ways. Each sash was usually
divided into three horizontally).and onc
or two d c a l l y , with variations to
include 'horns' on the bottom sash,
found in later examples. Glazing bus
were omitted as larger sizes of glass
became more readily available.
Common U, all such sliding sashes was
she use of a paint finish and the
set*
of the frames some 100 mm
back from the external face of the
wall. The framepp sat on top of deep
stone tills, without stwlcd cads and
laicrally painted.
The load bearing charaderistics of
rubble stonework f a v o d large masses
of wa3L with relativdy small windows.
Opening were U n d up horizontally
and yertTcally and were of the m e
width, though OcSasionaRy they were!
allowxi to Wminislh in
towads
the erwes. These rhythms and the ratio
of solid to void should be t.Rspected in
d
J .eXremions and heftions.
The carred d e r d i q at the surrounds
and reweds of windows
M
aisa
important. Much use is made in the
fleishc9 of both the
town of mu@
dry and wet variety; plain bands were
often uaeid to decorate and trim
window aad door opfmbms aad the
enhancement such devices provide
should be considered where
appropriate.
Dormer windows are not chmactekistic
of the tom except in the case of a
small number of the later Victorian
dwellham. GEendy, dormer winclaws
will nut be permitted except where
dear historic p d e n c e can be
demonstrated- Roof Iights must be
appropriate in materials and design.
Doom and Dmr Openings
The use of elaborate1y carved
varnished mahogany doors is not
appropriate to the small terraced
houses of the town. Simple painted
doors, four panel in the smaller
houses, six panel ia %he Iarger, will
generally be more suitable,
The large coach arch doors which have
been retained in some p d s e s
invariably have arched heads and stone
trim to meals and wheel guards. AU
doors should be tongued, grooved and
v-jointed.
Wall F i n i s h
A variety of pfaster or rubble istone
finishes is available to the builder, but
bfick will gmeraJly not be suitable as
a material except in the case of
dtemtiops and repair8 to the biter
Victorian d
~ (whete~it h used
s to
trim window and door speaiPgs and to
Form chimney stacks), and in industrial
premises. Where appropriate,secondhand bricks or sconservation
bricks laid in appropriate mortars may
be required.
Suitable plaster fmishes include: coarse
and fme textwed wet dash, self-
finished ar painW, dry dash using
local aggregates (not white spar chips);
wood float flaisbed 'blwked out:
plain or painted; and smooth, heavily
moulded witb rustification and quoins,
pl& or painted, A variety of mortat'
mixes can be used but lime should
always be a major component.
Stone is gen-y
m d a m rabble wrlc
with broad joints bedded in a eoawz
graded s a n d - h e mortar. Ribbon
pointing in hard cement
should
be avoided and cut stone copinp (not
pmsast concrete) should be \uusd where
needed.
Roclfs
All roofs should pitch away from the
street fronuagcc8 at angles that arc
srimilartOthelangtofangie%seenin
the rmfm of nejshbouring bail-.
Fljst roofs will g e n d y not be
appwprjate.
Nahlral stone s t e is the most
appropriate roofins material in
conjunction with lead flashings and
vallgrs together with simple tmmotta
riles or lead mIls for ridga.
are an important
feature of all m f s and should be
located so as to centre on the ridge of
€he roof. A range of interpretations Is
available with * c Victorian buildings
favowing imported blue
and yellow brick with
decorated t e m t t a pots.
Other designs employ
moulded phtenmfk and
the selection of r
dtable type will
require care.
Modern
bricb and
pots should
be avoided.
Chimney stacks
Birnwuter
7
Goods
Gutters
and
downpipes should
be in traditional
cast metal designs
to match the
Yarl* of existing
half-round,modded
and ogee 9ections.
Plastic ;gutters and
dmpipes should be
avoided.
S~O&IYJR~S
and C O ~ Z ~ ~ I Y : # C I [
m?ra&es
Where the traditional shopfront
it should be retained
rather than replaced. Whilst diversity
wilt not be tiikcuuragad, mphcment
shopfronts must respect the
arrangement of existing openings in the
e x t m d walis, especially where these
are clearly of some mtiquity or
incorporate features of architectural
survives hta-
significance
State
The owmU h e w of shopfronts
should be waf"med to thc @oun$ floor
and finish wll below the flbst floor
window &Us. The width should be no
mare than that of one hause and
where adjoiatng property has bten
inwfpbrated to form a large unit, the
shopfbnt should not "spt.lead'"aacrorut
the two onits; the width shauld alaro be
less than the width of the house in
ader to alIm for a satisfactory
junction with adjoining shopfronts and
to pmvids room for rainwater p i p .
&scias
F
h should be in rrcolle with the
upper storeys and adjoining buildings.
should reflect the ceiling heights witbin
the building itself, and should not rise
above the level of f m flour windowsTbey should be suitably d d e d to
withstand d e r i n g aad wpportRd or
enclosed where appropriate with detallis
such as corbels, scrolls ancl consolea.
Illumination can be successfdy
d e v a d by uhtg m
concealed by pelmets and
other acredng devices
which rnay be
~~~~
incorpora& hto DOOm should be in paintad th~bbermd
incorporate glass and appropriate door
faschs.
fWnitwe such as knockars, I e t w boxes
and handles made of brass, bnmze or
cast iron. Where recessed into a lobby,
floors and aeiliogs should incorporate
appropriate decorative dlss and
ornamental plaster or woodwork.
Modona automatic opening doors wilP
not normally be suitable.
windows
Windows should be suitably framed h
painted timber. Only in exceptional
circumstances will large areas of
individual glass be appmpriatc.
Pivisions may be pmvided by suitable
moulded mullions or transums. Glass
m y be etched to fcrrm sigas.
Phfh
Plin~sphouldbeprovl&dso~
d.nzJnpIsnatcarrieddowarn-und
h e 1 and, whew hard durabI~fM&m
lule nae&ad madam tihg and m d s
should be ayokid
ZhwoWdn ORd lcoiour
Xb maiatain bi&cmicd veracity, the
choice of calour or p h u x d flnhhea
ta be x e s t d m d and therefore
dark Q r bd&t pigin~~d
be
avoided The p h i n g of one smrey in
different (3010~frorrl andha
l i ! a d y detmes &lom the 0Vg.all
appeamnoe of 4 buiwllg and shcnlld
;
be waI&
m m m mcd GdIk
ConrPi-m&&kmto
folding Wber panelled shutters ar
h
shutrers. EKmmd mLttt
shutters should be added if tst .air
practrc#bk where necea~saryfheg
#h&
have barn 00-ed
h the
fita& wlth guidm inamporated ia
window frames ancl &add be
perforated suad cob& ta coamm
crcaddy tb an o y d d m m sefrcmc
A-@
ThditiOnal re&mctak1lefabric
am to be c n m g a d . Pixed awaIags
are not appropriate
Advertisement aid Shop Signs
The most appropriate form of signage
on shopfronts and gables is the
v a d i t l o d hand painted sign. The
infarmation on the fascia pohouid state
only the m e , trade and stteet number
of the shop and shodd not be
cluttered with product advertisements
ar duplication of information.
Intmdly iM.rYminrited f d aims and
the ilpumbation of signs using
projeet@g back-lighting are seldom
appropriate. Hand painted and raised
lettering dgns may bc ilIramimted by
dbcreetly sitad wash-down lighting
A s a general rule, advertising signs will
not be permitted above ground fluor
level unless related to the use of upper
floors. In such cases signs should be
h& painted. Oe upper floors black.
white or gold letapplied directly
to window pnes h e f f d v e .
Projecting sigm rnay be acceptabk at
fascia level and S&,
well desigmed
hanging or bracket signs: may be
acccptabb at $ 7 1floor level. Such
sigas should be inurninatecl by
unobtrusive e ~ t m m lighting.
l
Stem and Railings
There are a number of instances where
are m t c d from the pubZic
footpath by private areas and care
should be takm in the Layout and
design of thew sprsts,
R d i a g arc to be seen in a variety of
forms in the towe together with
supportInedwarfwaltswandin
some czms, pavings- Rmewezl and
r~pl-er~ts of thme various d a c t s
must m s p c t e s t a b ~ c dtFadidons such
astheusaof\1~t0ughtandcastirw
and not &Id steel. Steps should be in
stone, preferably Moufne -tc
and
p
a
w abould be in stone settar tu match.
APPENDICES
-
Comwnafion A m Grant
A P P E N D I X A
Under the Plafinine (M) Order 1992
F I N A N C I A L A N D O T H E R the Department of the Environment
ASSISTANCE Various types of adstance may be
available for schemes within the
Conservation Area:
Historlr Buildings OIfPt
Under the Planning (M)Order 1991
$he Department of the Environment
(NI)may give financid assistance
towards the coats of repiairs or
maintenance of buildings which have
been listed as W
i
n
g of special
architectural or historic interest. There
is no fixed rate of grant and each case
i s considered on its merits.
cjtcumatances thc Executive may
&O
grant aid repairs.
Such grants do not
(NI) m a y grant d d e q m d t u r e relating necessarily exclude either Historic
to works to either Listed or non-listed Buildings Grant or Conservation Area
OrW. Any application for
Buildings tfLat promote the
Improvement, Goaverdon or Repair
preserration or dkancement of the
Grant in respect of a Listed Building
character or appt%irmcsof a
will automatically be considered for
Conservation Area.
Further details may be obtabcd from:
Town and Country Planning Service
Depamnent of the Environment
Rathkeltair House
Market Street
I30WNPATRICK
ET30 6EA
Tel: 03% 612211
Historic Buildings Grant. Sbihrly,
m y application for Impruvemcat,
Conversion or Repair Grant in respect
of a building (other than a LIsted
Building) within a Cansmation A m
will autom~ticallybe considered for
Conservation Area Grant.
Further detaiIs may be obtained from:
Nartbern f n b d Housing Executive
South-mt -pal
O m ~
Court street
Further details may be obtained from:
Environment Service
Department of the Environment
5-33 Hill Street
BELFAST
BT1 2LA
Tel: 0232 235000
certain conditions. In certain
Improvement, Csmwmatioa and
Repair Gmnts
Uadw the H o W g (NI)Oxder 1983
the Northern Irtlaad Homing
Executive may grant aid the cost of
improvemenit and convefsion up to
ocrtain maximum amounts, subject to
Newtownasds
m 2 3 3NX
Tkk 0247 820600
Open Space Gnmt
The acquisition and laying out of Land
as informal. public open space by
District Councils may be grant aided
by the Departmat of the Enviroament
(NI).Orants up CQ 75% may be made
under Section 16 of the Lacal
a o v m - t A C ~(NU 1966.
Further details may be obtained as
follows:
(for urban areas ody:)
Physical Development Branch
Londonderry House
21 Chichester Street
BELFAST
BT1 4JB Tcl: 0232 244477
(far areas outside urban boundaries:)
Environment Service
Department of the Environment (HI)
C a l v m House
23 Castle Pkce
BELFAST
BTf 1FY
*l:
0232 230560
Playing Fkld Grant
The provision of facilities for
recreational, social, physical aad
cultural activities by D
istrict Councils
may be grant aided by the D e p m e n t
of Education under the Recreation and
Youth Service (NI) Order 1986.
The Hearth Revofvlqg F m d
The Fund Is wholly conecxned with the
rehabilitation of Listed Buildings and
houses in Conservation Areas and
maintains a revolving F u n d for their
Further details may be obtained from:
Further details may be obtained frarn:
Sport, Recreation and Community
Facilities Branch
Department of Education
Rathgael House
Woo Road.
BANGOR
BT19 2PR
TeZ: 0247 270077
T h e Hearth Revolving Fund
I 8 t A Suanmillis Road,
acquisition and rehabilitation. An
ACE Scheme is operated by &e Fund.
BELFAST
B D 5DU
Tel: 0232 381623
Camewatlon Volrrnteers (NI)
A charitable t m , the Conservation
Volunteers undertake a wide varicty of
countryside enhancement and accees
works, including tree planting, fencing
surd hedging, drystone W
and
footpath construction. The
organisation maintains its own tree
nursery, and work is d e d aut for
both public and private clients
(possibly with grant aid from other
sources). A small. charge may be d
e
$or work d e d out. The
Consenatiod Volunteers also act as
ansultants and undertake liaison with
schools in regard to practical projects
within school grouads.
Further d a d s may be obtained from:
Conservation Volunteers
The Pavilion
Cherryvale Playing Fields
RavenhiU
Rd.
BELFAST
BT6 OBZ
Tel: 0232 645169
A d a n for Gr,1)5mmn& JZmploment
(ACE)
The Training and Employment Agency
of the Department of Economic
Dwetopment provides a programme of
ffmmcial support for the creation of
employment through locally sponsored
scheme set up to undertake specific
projects that are of benefit to the
community at large. A higb proportion
cf such projects are concerned with
environmental improvements and
sponsors may be charitable or
v0lunW-y org~satioes,local
authorities or publc and private
companies. A number of building
restoration projects make use of this
programme* Projects may be approved
by Northe~~l
Ireland 1000.
Further d & d s may be obtained from:
Thc Training and Employment Agency
Department of Economic Development
Gopununity ProjGcts ~ ~ a n c h
Clarendon House 9-21.Adelaide Street,
BELFAST ET2 %NR
Tcl: 0232 244300
EaCerprh Ulster
A training-oriented employment
creation programme based upon
comraunity-based projects of an
enviropmentaI, recreational, social,
cultural or tourism nature. Projects
include the creation of publie parka
&g. Ballymoney, Ballyclare) and
riverside walks and the emcsaal
refurbishment of public bddiags.
Materids are provided or pdd for by
the client, who m a y be 8 public or
voluntary s d o r body (eg. National
Trust).
Further details may be obtained from:
Enterpsise Ulster
Armagh H o w
Ormeau Avcnue
BELFAST ET2 8HB
Tel: 0232 234393
9andllHighStreet Pts-1834.
o~
- - -.- ?krc~-storcvhouse and s h with coachway,
APPENDIX 0 LISTED BUILDINGS KUl~kaghCnatlefad~W
-Iy
17th
four a d five aorcy
mtle h 3-nlal
swle -red
enlarged mid 19th century.
gmd
18 High Stoeet
-1834mo-st~re
h-~
and shop
with GeoMan windows, later changes.
IPre-1834. Threestorey house with
painted brick upper w d . Georgian
windows, Ciwd doorway.
Oru
goh'a*
1878. Arched gateway with turrret tower
in casteL1ated boundary wall of Castle.
'Dgfterin
Arms'
nnt Resby-tcdm Cb-h,
Plantatlon
Shwet
About 1830. Sarn Church with
UQd R o a d boaadarg
basement and shawiag Georgian
influence. rdJhp,33 lFIfsh Street
Possibhy Enid-L9th oentury. TWO-storey
house and bank with basement
as a bank May 1918.
S
7 Catherlne Street aad fmPt
b
o
m -W
Pre 1834. Wo-storey houses with
basements. Some Geotgian influence
9 Catherime Street
nnd €rant boaadprg
-W
PPe 1834. 'ho-storey house with shop
and ccach way showing some Georgian
features.
sEEm&ton Arms' Bar, 2 Cdherine
Street
Pre-f 834. Thrcwmrey building.
Showing some Georgian influence
4 & 6 Cathedue Straet
PZP 1834. WO-storeybuilding
rnilI workers' cott-S.
1 Caihdue Street
Pre-1834. lko-storey house with ecrrner
shop.
comprising a house aad shop.
8 catherhe strect
Pre-1834. Three-storey Georgbn house
Second - m a n
3 m a e r i n e SCreet and Smmt boundary
Cbpcc:b m d
tncloslng milhgs, Catherhe SQ'ett
1ge0
dassical styh
rallinPs
with GCYMc features.
-1834.
'fkro-storey house apd shop
with Georgian windows.
Former St Ildary's RC Cbmcjh and
-gss
Irfsh street
Pre 1834 Church in Gothic style.
Extended and porch added mid-19th
century.
tPsma Memodal G m Chamber*
-ChPrchgord Built amund the mid-19te c;mtury. Small Gothic building with walla of dark stone rubble and stone slab roof. 32 & 34 Shorn Street
About mid-19th ~e-~lhuy.
l k r ~mstorey house, later subdivided into two
h o w , with walls of rough dressed
whinstone nibble.
Cram Street Bridge
Possib1y mid-19th century. Stone mad
bridge over river with two segmental
arches, ca13 cutwater and wrought iron
Tbe M o r y aed m g s
Po~sibly1812. W O - S G
~eO
o&m
~ ~ The Gmeam (Goceaa Lodge)
Pr&l834. Tko-smrcy R&sency ~tyle
house with bacmmt. Painted walls.
ciewrative eaves and fascia.
house with bmment.
gllUglEPgh hrhth Cbmh, chnrcb mu
1640 Crucifam church in Gothic style
with k
S
1 tower and steeple Restorad
1812. Extrendcd to the east around the
mid-19th centuryury
Fatmace CWe Screen, farIab Chpreh,
Cbllrch E m
Possibly 1812. Decorative iron coach
gates with wings, 0x1 low wall.
balustrade.
alverdale Hopse
Suggest mid-19th century. Ttvo-artorey
Georgian style house Formerly a
manss
IIl1Immu Charch ratns, hpndarg wall
and Marp's St114 Hfnoli%m GrPvsgard
Ruins af EL 15th cmtury church
standing in a walled graveyad, entered
by a stone stile
m1
h
BIBLIOGRAPHY ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I
a
T f i e ~tparrmentwishes to thank:
Dcmn D i c t Council and the Historic
Buildings Council for their support in
Savage-Awstrong, G E BaIErzds of
the designation of the Cornervation
Down. London,Longmns G m and
Area.
I
Cq 1901.
Ordnance S w a y (NI) for permission
to nZprodu6e maps.
Mr N Smyth for access to his extensive
collection,of photographs.
Mr R Kinkea& Department of the
Environment for NI, Graphics Unit.
Bachelors Walk, Pomdown for the
coIour photography.
I11mtrations on f'roat ower and page 6
by W
&
Robinson.
Other illustrations by Averill
Buchanm.
Basmt, O H,County Dcnvrr. One
I3undr;Rd Y m A g a A Guide arzd
Dirrecfory
1886.
-
Rowan. A. K5CIyIeegh Caorie, CO
Down, Counray L&, Mcrrrch D, 197a
Uawloe. H C . Ki@IieuggA CmIIe, Co
Down. UMer J o u d of An:RatoIogy,
mird San'&- Vol2. 1939.
U l s r Architwmal Heritage Society
(C E B Brat) Historic Buildings*
Oroups of Buildings, Areas of
AroMtectumI Imporfaace in the lbwm
and Villages of East Down
1973.
A n d when amid those gmnd old woods
I sit and shut my
M y kart will t m e f back again 7h when? my Mary lies= I'II think I see the little stile Wlrerrr we sat, side &Y &et
And the springing corn and bright May mom, When first you we= my brick -
from 'mM h Emi-t'
by Lady n y f f h c1850
Price £3.00