www.esb.ie/ecars

www.esb.ie/ecars
A sustainable future
ESB’s proactive approach to the ecars initiative is rooted in its corporate strategy.
Sustainability is a central element of this strategy and specific targets are set out in the
ESB Strategic Framework 2020, including:
· 30% reduction in CO2 by 2012
· 50% reduction in CO2 by 2020
· Net carbon neutral by 2035
ESB considers that strong commitment is vital to ensure adoption of ecars in Ireland,
and ESB will continue to collaborate with stakeholders including the Irish Government,
motor industry and other key players to ensure its success.
CONTENTS
I.. ECARS IN IRELAND............................................................................... 2
2..ESB - CHARGE POINT INFRASTRUCTURE ROLL OUT........... 7
3..SMART ECONOMICS FOR BUSINESS.......................................... 13
4.. GOING ELECTRIC - CONSUMER BENEFITS ............................. 18
5..ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ........................................................... 20
1
1. ECARS IN IRELAND
Leading the charge:
Ireland’s electric opportunity
“ESB, along with key partners, is already well along the road
to making ecar driving in
Ireland an everyday reality.”
2
It is the Irish Government’s policy that, by 2020, every tenth car on Irish roads will
be fully powered by electricity. A 10% uptake within the next decade represents
a fundamental change in how we consider transport and consume energy. ESB,
along with key partners, is already well along the road to making electric car (ecar)
driving in Ireland an everyday reality.
Ireland is leading the charge with a nationwide introduction of electric transport
and ecars to offer an efficient, sustainable and clean alternative to fossil-based fuels.
Ireland’s reputation as a leading advocate of technology, research and innovation
provides a fantastic opportunity for the country to take a global leadership role.
Ireland and ecars:
a natural fit
Ireland has many natural advantages, making it an ideal location for the successful
adoption of ecars:
• Short distances between urban centres and a mild climate particularly suited
to battery performance.
• An island nation that has the capability of generating high levels of renewable power, with strategically planned increases over the coming years.
• Commitment from the Irish Government to support the ecars initiative.
• A single service provider operating a unified distribution network across the
country, which will streamline the efficiencies of the ecars roll out and ensure safety and consistency.
• Home ownership is high, so it’s easy to install the equipment needed to charge cars efficiently and more cheaply overnight at home.
Widespread adoption will give Ireland the opportunity to become a world leader in
ecars and position it as an ideal test bed for electric transport.
ECARS IN IRELAND
3
Helping to meet our
environmental goals
Ireland faces a massive task to reach agreed levels of emissions.
Our obligations under EU legislation are to reduce greenhouse
gas pollution levels by about nine million tonnes before 2020.
Current projections suggest that there will be a target shortfall of
seven million tonnes. The carbon-based transport sector will need
to be aggressively tackled if we are to bridge the gap. Electricity,
which has zero emissions at point of use, can contribute
significantly to transport energy requirements using ecars.
10% of all cars to be electric by 2020
4
ESB
nationwide infrastructure, trials,
research, stimulation of corporate
and public demand
Key players and
their roles
IDA/Enterprise Ireland
Government
For the ESB ecar roll out to enjoy
maximum success, buy-in and
commitment from all stakeholders
is essential. This also includes the
willingness of industry and consumers
to embrace the opportunities.
Policy has been formulated through
consultation with key stakeholders
including ESB, the Irish government,
key agencies and car manufacturers.
Memoranda of Understanding are
already in place with Renault-Nissan,
Mitsubishi, Toyota and the PeugeotCitroen alliance, while others are
in progress.
assessment of enterprise
prospects and opportunities
that ecars roll out offers
environmental and transport
strategy and stimulus incentives
Consumers
active participation in the
programme when purchasing
next car
SEAI
Key players
and their roles
Green Business
support of sustainable
transport and ecars,
responsible for
grant submissions
Universities
ESB ecars is working with
Smarter Travel Workplaces and
various organisations to promote
and trial ecars as part of a
company’s fleet
partnership with ESB ecars
on research projects at Trinity
College Dublin, University
College Dublin, University
College Cork, University
of Limerick and Dublin
Institute of Technology
Motor Industry
commitment to the early supply
of ecars for purchase
ECARS IN IRELAND
5
Timeline: 31-12-2011
1,500
2,000
30
PUBLIC
CHARGE POINTS
HOME
CHARGE POINTS
FAST
CHARGE POINTS
Standard Charge
Fast Charge
6
2. ESB - CHARGE POINT
INFRASTRUCTURE ROLL OUT
The roll out of critical
infrastructure
ESB ecars is responsible for implementing the charging
infrastructure for ecars across Ireland. The system will have open
accessibility for all energy supply companies and all types of ecars.
Public charge points have been introduced in public areas,
alongside the initial roll out of domestic charge points in private
homes across Ireland.
Fast Charge points will be the quickest way to charge ecars.
These will be installed on all inter-urban routes nationwide.
Fast Chargers will be capable of recharging a battery to 80%
capacity in under 25 minutes.
ESB – CHARGE POINT INFRASTRUCTURE ROLL OUT
7
1. HOME CHARGING
6-8
HOURS
8
2. PUBLIC CHARGING
2-6
HOURS
3. FAST CHARGING
Types of charging
1. Home Charging 6-8 hours*
Through a home charge point, you can fully
charge your ecar overnight from your domestic
electricity supply.
2. Public Charging 2-6 hours*
A network of publicly accessible charge points,
in on-street locations, shopping centres, car
parks etc, available nationwide.
3. Fast Charging 20-25 minutes*
Fast charge points will be located at service
stations and roadside cafés to cater for those
on longer journeys. An 80% full charge can be
achieved in 20-25 minutes.
20-25
MINUTES
*Due to different types and battery sizes of electric cars, these times may vary.
ESB – CHARGE POINT INFRASTRUCTURE ROLL OUT
9
ecar charging
payment systems
PROPOSED PUBLIC CHARGE PAYMENT SYSTEM
Revenue
ESB ecars is developing the IT and
communications systems to support the
nationwide infrastructure. This overview
of the ecar industry model in the chart to
the right shows the complexity and range
of systems, applications and services
that need to be developed.
Tariffs
e-charging
IT systems
Data
Aggregation
Near Real Time
TSO &
DSO
Virtual
Metering Data
Virtual
Meter Data
Mgmt
Energy Suppliers
Batch
AMI = Advanced Metering Infrastructure
DUoS = Distribution Use of System charges
Wholesale Costs
Meter Data
Services
Distribution Contraint
2.5/3G Mobile
Network
Real Time
CP Control
Systems
Virtual Spinning Reserve
Web 2.0 &
Mobile
Device Apps
DUoS
DUoS Costs
Charge Point
Mgt. System
TSO = Transmission System Operator
DSO = Distribution System Operator
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Supplier
Summarisation
Module
Home AMI Meter
Checking your
account and
making payments
An online account will enable ecar
drivers to access public charge points.
Your charge point access card will allow
you to log into your account, choose your
electricity supplier and prepay €10 or
€15 using your debit or credit card. You
can now charge at any public charge
point. You can also check your balance,
top up at any time and see what the best
tariff is for you. It is an open, competitive
system whereby you can change energy
supplier at any time with no penalty.
Energy
Tariffs
Account
Consumption
Internet
Charge Point
Payments System
Wholesale Market
Mobile applications:
connected as never before
Applications are being developed every day that add exciting
new functionality to how we think about driving our cars.
Your mobile phone opens up a range of superb functions when
charging your ecar. It’s fun as well as functional, slightly different
but certainly not difficult. The ecar excitement is just beginning.
Just imagine the possibilities. How about setting your ecar to
warm up on a frosty morning minutes before you get in?
Wouldn’t it be handy to get an SMS from your car when it’s fully
charged? You could’ve pre-booked that very charge point earlier
in the day through your phone. With mobile apps, the potential
is limitless!
Putting the fun in function: your ecar,
mobile phone and the charge point
network are connected as never before
to a world of exciting new possibilities.
ESB – CHARGE POINT INFRASTRUCTURE ROLL OUT
11
ESB ecar trials and research projects:
ecar Ireland trial
The introduction of any new technology calls for extensive trials and research. ESB ecars is involved in a
number of ecar pilot projects which are underway to analyse the charging infrastructure and collect data on
ongoing consumer behaviour and trends. One such example is the two-year ecar trial being conducted by
ESB ecars in conjunction with Trinity College Dublin.
Initially, Mitsubishi i-MiEV ecars are being trialled by participants, including residential and corporate
customers, throughout Ireland. Other ecar variants of well known brands will be added to the trial over time.
The customer behaviour and attitudes research by TCD will be vital in understanding how people choose to
use their ecars.
ESB ecars is also involved in several other trials across Europe. These include:
ENEVATE
EPRI
MERGE
The European Network on Electric Vehicles
and Transferring Expertise is a project
involving eight EU countries. Partners,
including ESB and DIT’s Department of
Transport Engineering, are working to
accelerate the market for electric vehicles
across north western Europe.
ESB Networks and The Electric Power
Research Institute (EPRI) have formed an
alliance to demonstrate key innovations in
the Smart Grid strategy, and ecars field trials
will link directly into the project. EPRI is an
independent, non-profit company performing
R&D and demonstration in the electricity
sector for the public benefit.
The Mobile Energy Resources in Grids of
Electricity project will examine the impact
of ecars on electricity grid infrastructure
and on existing power generation and grid
infrastructure planning.
Find out more at www.nweurope.eu
For more information on EPRI
see www.epri.com
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For more information see
www.ev-merge.eu
3. SMART ECONOMICS FOR BUSINESS
Sustainability:
the road forward for business
Every business is exposed to natural, political and market forces which have a huge effect on the cost and
availability of energy. Sustainability is a critical area of development not just for energy providers such as
ESB but for all enterprise interested in promoting a positive green agenda in the workplace.
e-mobility also provides an opportunity to jettison old habits for more socially responsible, cost-effective
behaviour. This is why ESB ecars is working with Smarter Travel Workplaces, a programme from the
National Transport Authority to help large employers set up more environmentally sustainable commuting
and business travel practices.
SMART ECONOMICS FOR BUSINESS
13
COMPARING THE COST
Type
Unit cost
Petrol car
€1.45/litre
Diesel car
€1.20/litre
ecar
€0.08/kWh
Per km cost
10.78 cent
5.65 cent
1.20 cent
Based on February 2011 calculations
The changing nature of commercial fleets
The move to e-mobility naturally includes commercial fleets. Current emissions of CO2 in the
Irish transport sector account for approximately 13 million tonnes annually. A huge proportion
of this is associated with the fleet of commercial vehicles on our roads, numbered at 400,000.
An ecars fleet?
Sound commercial sense
Any company that runs commercial vehicles stands to gain on
several levels by adopting an e-fleet strategy. From corporate
responsibility to bottom-line savings, it simply makes sense.
Choices and styles of vehicles are increasingly available.
With each passing quarter, the reasons to join the e-volution
grow stronger.
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ESB ecars is leading by example. We’re committed to the
sustainability model because of the need to reduce carbon
emissions and long-term concerns over future fuel supplies.
Almost all of ESB’s 2,500+ commercial vehicles use biofuels
and we have 50 electric vehicles which have been added to
the fleet, phasing out increasing numbers of petrol and diesel
equivalents each year.
Some of the
benefits:
• Accelerated capital allowance scheme permitting write-off of capital
investment within one year
(More information at www.SEAI.ie)
• Government incentive of a e5,000
grant per vehicle and zero VRT
• Significantly lower running and maintenance costs
• Openly competitive market of
energy suppliers
• Reduction in company carbon footprint
• Significantly reduced noise pollution
SMART ECONOMICS FOR BUSINESS
15
ecar initiatives: the road is just beginning
ecar sharing
etaxis
ecar rental
Electric buses
ecar sharing increases the usage rate
of each car and is economically very
attractive. It also reduces the number
of vehicles on the street and lowers
emissions. ESB ecars is developing
a car sharing pilot scheme.
etaxis would eliminate the Irish taxi
fleet’s CO2 emissions and reduce fuel
and maintenance costs. ESB ecars has
advanced plans to develop an etaxi pilot
scheme in Dublin city.
Renting provides customers with a unique
and enjoyable driving experience, and
is an ideal way to try before buying. ESB
ecars is currently working with car rental
companies to further this initiative.
Regular buses are among the worst CO2
offenders, constantly stopping, starting
and emitting major levels of fumes.
A Dublin trial is underway. ESB ecars is
working with the transport sector to run
more nationwide.
ECAR SHARING
16
etaxis
ECAR RENTAL
ebuses
Enterprise opportunities
ecars epitomise many of the opportunities based on how
energy production is changing. New jobs will be generated
in the immediate set-up of the recharging infrastructure
and related services. Technology development, design,
manufacture, maintenance and operation of infrastructure
will mean many more.
The supporting IT and communications systems will require
both Irish and international companies to get involved in its
design and support services.
If you want to know more, e-mail us at [email protected]
On safety considerations alone, there will be many issues
relating to standards in hardware, communication and metering
as well as grid and ecar interaction and compatibility, which will
offer opportunities to businesses across a wide spectrum.
SMART ECONOMICS FOR BUSINESS
17
4. GOING ELECTRIC –
CONSUMER BENEFITS
What consumers want
• Clear savings in running costs
• Convenience of charging at home overnight
• Nationwide network of charge points
• Choice of energy supplier and competitive tariff offerings
• Major environmental kickback
• Full 24-hour customer care through AA Ireland
• Increasing variety of ecars to suit every lifestyle
ecars reflect a growing desire on the part of consumers to
maintain a responsible lifestyle. Manufacturers have made
substantial investments to deliver cars that are environmentally
responsible yet still deliver the comfort and performance that
consumers are accustomed to.
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PETROL VERSUS ECAR
THE 10-YEAR COST COMPARISON
40
Because of their relative newness, ecars have a higher purchase price than
conventional cars at the moment. However, several factors push the costs down.
These include a zero rate of VRT, a purchase grant of e5,000 and lower road
tax, plus dramatically lower fuel costs. Driving an ecar costs just 1-2 cent per km
compared to 10 cent per km for conventional petrol cars. What’s more, because of
the lack of moving parts, servicing an ecar will cost a lot less than a conventional car.
35
30
cent/km
Save in the short term
AND the long term
25
20
An incredible driving experience
15
10
Amongst all the superlatives about fuel consumption, green credentials and
aspirational attitude, it’s easy to forget another extremely persuasive aspect about
an ecar: what it’s like to drive.
5
0
Equivalent Petrol Car
Maintenance
Road Tax
Insurance
ecar (Nissan Leaf)
Fuel
Capex
The Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) is an accurate
reflection of the real cost of owning a car. It includes
the price of the car and recurring fuel, insurance,
service and maintenance costs etc.
That too is a genuinely superlative experience. Test drivers speak with amazement
about the smoothness of the experience. It is totally unlike driving a petrol or diesel
car. Comments on the silence of the ‘engine’ are followed quickly by surprise at the
fact that ecars are capable of conventional car speed, acceleration and power.
There is no need for gearboxes and the amount of moving parts is drastically
reduced. This results in the smoothness. Even the subtle gear changes of an
automatic diesel engine are absent. Rarely does something that feels so good come
with the added benefits of costing much less to run than normal, and doing the planet
a good turn at the same time.
GOING ELECTRIC – CONSUMER BENEFITS
19
5. Environmental Benefits
Motorised road transport causes a large percentage of Ireland’s CO2 emissions. ecars offer a real
opportunity to reduce both our carbon footprint and noise pollution, as well as improve air quality.
The future’s right here.
Renewable generation
Emissions from burning fossil fuels are one of the main contributors to global warming. Due to mandatory EU targets and
the national government strategy to reduce CO2 emissions, the electricity industry, especially in Ireland, is moving away
from fossil fuels to renewable resources such as wind. Ireland is identified as one of the locations with the richest wind
and ocean energy resources.
Wind capacity in the Irish electricity system has grown significantly over the last few years and will continue to grow
in the coming decades. The Irish government has set a target of 42% of all electricity to be generated from renewable
sources by 2020. This is the most ambitious renewable target in Europe.
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IRELAND’S INVESTMENT IN WIND
Renewable resources equals
green motoring
6000
5000
4600 MW
4000
3000
3000 MW
Night time
demand
2000
1000
0
ecar energy is stored in a battery which is recharged by
connecting to an electricity supply. Although ecars themselves
have zero exhaust pipe emissions, CO2 can result from the
method of electricity generation. As renewable sources generate
increasing amounts of our electricity, and other technologies
such as carbon capture and storage are applied to remaining
fossil fuel generation, electricity emissions will reduce to virtually
zero and carbon-neutral driving will become a reality.
1400 MW
2010
2012
2020
• ecars expected to charge largely at night time when
there is excess wind
• ecars to be charged by renewable generation
Environmental Benefits
21
Generation-to-Wheel emissions
How green are ecars today?
To really understand the environmental impact of ecars, we need
to examine ‘generation-to-wheel’ CO2 emissions. Generation-towheel CO2 emissions are zero if the electricity used to charge
the car originates only from renewable energy such as wind.
Thus electric cars provide an opportunity to reduce CO2 in the
transport sector through the electricity system. The illustration
shows that even with the current mix of electricity generation
today, ecars cause less than half the emissions of a conventional
car, eg 70 grams of CO2 for an ecar compared with 150 grams
for a conventional car.
ecars are also more energy efficient than a conventional car.
A standard car with an internal combustion engine wastes 80%
or more of its fuel’s energy content through heat loss. ecars on
the other hand are far more efficient, even accounting for all
stages of energy conversion.
22
Energy management
At night, during low demand periods, excess wind power can lead to the energy that’s generated being curtailed.
Unless there is additional demand or a storage system at these low demand periods, the curtailed electricity is
lost forever. ecars present an opportunity to utilise the excess capacity by storing the energy in car batteries.
The stored energy in turn is used for transport, hence displacing fossil fuels such as diesel and petrol.
Therefore the benefits go beyond transportation as the electricity grid is also poised to gain from better
utilisation of renewable energy and more effective energy management.
With the advancement of the smart grid system, ecars in the future will also act as ‘standby mini generators’
by sending back power to the grid during peak periods. In large numbers, this will remove the need to install
extra and costly peaking power plants.
Environmental Benefits
23
ecars: a genuine difference
At every level, the ecars programme offers something that is genuinely different.
From a reduction in emissions to an improved air quality index to the greater
economic benefits at countrywide levels, we have outlined those differences here
in some detail.
These descriptions of the ecar are important, but they only achieve their full
potential when added to the actual experience of driving this new method of
transport. We’ve talked the talk, but only by driving the drive will you experience
just what a radical departure is now underway in the daily lives of road users.
[email protected]
www.esb.ie/ecars
www.facebook.com/ESBecars
Join us in leading the charge.
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www.esb.ie/ecars