Generalized Geologic Map for Land-Use Planning: Hancock County

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The 775 employees of Century Aluminum, just downriver from Hawesville off Ky. 271,
can produce up to 244,000 metric tons of aluminum a year. Aerial photo (2004) by the
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Farm Services Administration, National Agricultural
Imagery Program.
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References Cited
Carey, D.I., and Stickney, J.F., 2001, Ground-water resources of Hancock County, Kentucky:
Kentucky Geological Survey Open-File Report OF-01-46, 17 p.
Cox, F.R., Jr., 1974, Soil survey of Daviess and Hancock Counties, Kentucky: U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, 108 p.
Harbin, H., 2002, Spatial database of the Fordsville quadrangle, Kentucky: Kentucky Geological
Survey, ser. 12, Digitally Vectorized Geologic Quadrangle Data DVGQ-295. Adapted from
Bergendahl, M.H., and Smith, A.E., 1964, Geology of the Fordsville quadrangle, Kentucky:
U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map GQ-295, scale 1:24,000.
Hawkins, S.J., and Venard, E.A., 2002, Spatial database of the Tell City quadrangle,
Kentucky-Indiana: Kentucky Geological Survey, ser. 12, Digitally Vectorized Geologic
Quadrangle Data DVGQ-356. Adapted from Spencer, F.D., 1964, Geology of the Tell City
quadrangle, Kentucky-Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map GQ-356, scale
1:24,000.
Solis, M.P., 2002, Spatial database of the Glen Dean quadrangle, Breckinridge and Hancock
Counties, Kentucky: Kentucky Geological Survey, ser. 12, Digitally Vectorized Geologic
Quadrangle Data DVGQ-836. Adapted from Goudarzi, G.H., 1970, Geologic map of the Glen
Dean quadrangle, Breckinridge and Hancock Counties, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey
Geologic Quadrangle Map GQ-836, scale 1:24,000.
Solis, M.P., and Venard, E.A., 2002a, Spatial database of the Cloverport quadrangle,
Kentucky-Indiana, and the Kentucky part of the Cannelton quadrangle: Kentucky Geological
Survey, ser. 12, Digitally Vectorized Geologic Quadrangle Data DVGQ-273. Adapted from
Bergendahl, M.H., 1965, Geology of the Cloverport quadrangle, Kentucky-Indiana, and the
Kentucky part of the Cannelton quadrangle: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map
GQ-273, scale 1:24,000.
Solis, M.P., and Venard, E.A., 2002b, Spatial database of the Maceo quadrangle, Daviess and
Hancock Counties, Kentucky: Kentucky Geological Survey, ser. 12, Digitally Vectorized
Geologic Quadrangle Data DVGQ-570. Adapted from Calvert, R.H., 1966, Geologic map of
the Maceo quadrangle, Daviess and Hancock Counties, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey
Geologic Quadrangle Map GQ-570, scale 1:24,000.
Solis, M.P., and Venard, E.A., 2002c, Spatial database of the Pellville quadrangle, Kentucky:
Kentucky Geological Survey, ser. 12, Digitally Vectorized Geologic Quadrangle Data DVGQ-284.
Adapted from Spencer, F.D., 1963, Geology of the Pellville quadrangle, Kentucky: U.S. Geological
Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map GQ-284, scale 1:24,000.
Solis, M.P., and Venard, E.A., 2002d, Spatial database of the Rockport and Lewisport
quadrangles, Kentucky: Kentucky Geological Survey, ser. 12, Digitally Vectorized Geologic
Quadrangle Data DVGQ-315. Adapted from Spencer, F.D., 1964, Geology of the Rockport and
Lewisport quadrangles, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map
GQ-315, scale 1:24,000.
Solis, M.P., and Venard, E.A., 2002e, Spatial database of the Whitesville quadrangle, Kentucky:
Kentucky Geological Survey, ser. 12, Digitally Vectorized Geologic Quadrangle Data DVGQ-419.
Adapted from Calvert, R.H., 1965, Geology of the Whitesville quadrangle, Kentucky: U.S.
Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map GQ-419, scale 1:24,000.
The stream erosion pictured here is a result of the 1997 flood that swept the
area. Many corridors sustained damage and were costly to restore. Funding
was provided by the Emergency Watershed Protection Fund through the
Federal Emergency Management Agency to assist in the restoration process.
Photograph courtesy of Rick Burbridge, Hancock County District Conservationist.
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Patesville
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Weberstown
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Corner
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Additional Planning Resources
Listed below are Web sites for several agencies and organizations that may be of assistance with
landuse planning issues in Hancock County:
www.hancockcounty-ky.com/—Hancock County
ces.ca.uky.edu/hancock/—University of Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service
www.gradd.org/—Green River Area Development District
www.thinkkentucky.com/edis/cmnty/cw045/—Kentucky Economic Development Information System
www.uky.edu/KentuckyAtlas/21091.html—Kentucky Atlas and Gazetteer
quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/21/21091.html—U.S. Census data
kgsweb.uky.edu/download/kgsplanning.htm—Planning information from the Kentucky Geological Survey
2 181
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600
Repairing the floodwall in Hawesville. The wall was breached by floodwaters
of the Ohio River in 1997. Flat, low-lying areas associated with unit 1 (see
table) are subject to flooding. Photograph courtesy of Diane Perkins,
Hancock County Extension Agent for Agriculture and Natural Resources.
700
500
600
U%
500
500
600
500
500
500
400
500
500
Driskell
Branch
500
ek
Cre
ord
ckf
600
500
500
500
500
400
500
500
500
500
600
400
400
400
400
Bla
600
Moderate limitations. Possibility
of thin soils and
rock excavation.
-
X
X
#
00
# # 6
U%
500
X
eek
ord Cr
Severe limitations.
Moderate limitations. Highly
variable amount
of rock and earth
excavation.
#
600
Blackf
Slight limitations.
Reservoir might
leak where rocks
are fractured.**
Severe limitations.
Moderate limitations. Highly
variable amount
of rock and earth
excavation.
#
600
600
X
U%
600
Slight limitations.
Slight limitations.
Reservoir might
leak where rocks
are fractured.**
Severe limitations.
South Hancock
Elementary
Y
LAND USES
Septic tank disposal system—A septic tank disposal system consists of a septic tank and a filter field. The filter field
is a subsurface tile system laid in such a way that effluent from the septic tank is distributed with reasonable uniformity
into the soil.
Residences—Ratings are made for residences with and without basements because the degree of limitation is
dependent upon ease and required depth of excavation. For example, excavation in limestone has greater limitation
than excavation in shale for a house with a basement.
Highways and streets—Refers to paved roads in which cuts and fills are made in hilly topography, and considerable
work is done preparing subgrades and bases before the surface is applied.
Access roads—These are low-cost roads, driveways, etc., usually surfaced with crushed stone or a thin layer of
blacktop. A minimum of cuts and fills are made, little work is done preparing a subgrade, and generally only a thin
base is used. The degree of limitation is based on year-around use and would be less severe if not used during the
winter and early spring. Some types of recreation areas would not be used during these seasons.
Light industry and malls—Ratings are based on developments having structures or equivalent load limit requirements of
three stories or less, and large paved areas for parking lots. Structures with greater load limit requirements would normally
need footings in solid rock, and the rock would need to be core drilled to determine presence of caverns, cracks, etc.
Intensive recreation—Athletic fields, stadiums, etc.
Extensive recreation—Camp sites, picnic areas, parks, etc.
Reservoir areas—The floor of the area where the water is impounded. Ratings are based on the permeability of the rock.
Reservoir embankments—The rocks are rated on limitations for embankment material.
Underground utilities—Included in this group are sanitary sewers, storm sewers, water mains, and other pipes that require
fairly deep trenches.
Slight to moderate limitations.
Slight limitations.
Reservoir might
leak where rocks
are fractured.**
"69
!
#
500
FOUNDATION AND EXCAVATION
The terms "earth" and "rock" excavation are used in the engineering sense; earth can be excavated by hand tools,
whereas rock requires heavy equipment or blasting to remove. The term "rippable" means excavation with a
ripper attachment on a bulldozer.
LIMITATIONS
Slight—A slight limitation is one that commonly requires some corrective measure but can be overcome without a great deal
of difficulty or expense.
Moderate—A moderate limitation is one that can normally be overcome but the difficulty and expense are great enough that
completing the project is commonly a question of feasibility.
Severe—A severe limitation is one that is difficult to overcome and commonly is not feasible because of the expense involved.
Slight to moderate limitations.
500
& Floral
V
500
PLANNING TABLE DEFINITIONS
600
*This unit may be overlain by loess.
**Coal beds and underclays should not be used for foundations or reservoir embankments because of the
presence of expanding pyrite in coal and underclays and the weakness of underclay when it becomes wet.
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Dukes
600
600
Moderate to
severe limitations.
Steep to moderate slopes.
Severe limitations.
Rock excavation.
&
V
Creek
600
Minor limitations.
Rock excavation.
Steep slopes
along major drainages. Swelling
clays may be
present.
600
Y
Minor limitations.
Rock excavation.
Steep slopes
along major drainages. Swelling
clays may be
present.
Moderate limitations. Rock excavation; locally,
upper few feet may
be rippable. Steep
slopes along major
drainages.
Severe limitations.
Leaky reservoir
rock; locally,
conditions may
be suitable.
X
U%
600
600
Moderate to
severe limitations.
Steep to moderate slopes.
700
Goering
& U%
V
600
Y
Severe limitations.
Rock excavation;
locally, upper few
feet may be rippable.
Steep to moderate
slopes. Swelling clays
may be present.**
Slight limitations,
depending on
topography.
Severe limitations.
Leaky rock.
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#######
#
U%
U%
500
U%
1265
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÷
500
Moderate limitations. Rock
excavation.
Steep to moderate slopes.
Swelling clays
may be present.
Y
Severe limitations.
Rock excavation;
locally, upper few
feet may be rippable.
Swelling clays may
be present. Steep
to moderate
slopes.**
Moderate limitations. Rock excavation; locally,
upper few feet may
be rippable. Steep
slopes along major
drainages. Swelling
clays may be
present.
Refer to soil report
(Cox, 1974).
#
Severe limitations.
Steep slopes.
U%
600
600
Severe to moderate
limitations. Rock excavation; locally,
upper few feet may
be rippable.
Steep to moderate
slopes.**
Refer to soil report
(Cox, 1974).
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V
U%
500
Y
Moderate limitations. Rock
excavation.
Steep slopes.
Refer to soil report
(Cox, 1974).
U%
U%
600
#
y
Cane
Little
500
Severe limitations.
Rock excavation;
locally, upper few
feet may be rippable.
Underclay susceptible to slumping;
steep slopes.**
Refer to soil report
(Cox, 1974).
500
#
#
500 #
Y
Severe to moderate
limitations. Rock excavation; locally,
upper few feet may
be rippable.
Steep slopes.**
Underground
Utilities
U%
Skillman
600
700
#
600
Slight limitations.
Local drainage
problems from
seeps or springs;
sinks common.
Reservoir
Embankments
U%
U%
600
600
500
500
Slight to moderate
limitations. Rock excavation; locally,
upper few feet may
be rippable. Sinks
common; local
drainage problems.
Reservoir
Areas
U% U% U%
600
Y
YY Y
Moderate to
severe limitations,
depending on
topography.
Severe to moderate
limitations. Rock excavation; locally,
upper few feet may
be rippable. Sinks
common; drainage
required.
Extensive
Recreation
U%
U%
600
500
Y
Slight to moderate
limitations, depending on topography.
Rock excavation; locally, upper few feet
may be rippable.
Sinks common; local
drainage problems.
Severe limitations.
Rock excavation;
locally, upper few
feet may be rippable. Steep
slopes.**
Refer to soil report
(Cox, 1974).
500
500
#
600
Severe limitations.
Fair to good founThin soils and imdation material.
Difficult excavation.** permeable rock.
Refer to soil report Refer to soil report
(Cox, 1974).
(Cox, 1974).
Intensive
Recreation
X X
600
500
5. Limestone
and shale
Severe limitations.
Fair to good founThin soils and imdation material.
Difficult excavation.** permeable rock.
Refer to soil report
(Cox, 1974).
Light Industry
and Malls
Access Roads
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U%
U%
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÷
500
U%
60
500
600
#
500
600
Severe limitation.
Impermeable rock.
Locally fast drainage
through fractures;
danger of groundwater contamination.
Refer to soil report
(Cox, 1974).
Highways and
Streets
#
U%
500
Refer to soil report
(Cox, 1974).
Residence with
Basement
/(
500
U%
Y Y
YY
Septic Tank
Disposal System
500
Chambers
500
Planning Guidance by Rock Unit Type
Severe limitations.
3. Shale, siltstone, Fair to good founThin soils and imdation material.
sandstone,
limestone, coal, Difficult excavation.** permeable rock.
and underclay.*
4. Sandstone,
shale, and
limestone
6 Miles
X
YY
2. Limestone
Fair to good foundation material.
Easily excavated.
Excellent foundation material.
Difficult to excavate.
3
600
1. Alluvium
Foundation and
Excavation
U%
U%
YY600Y
Y
Rock Unit
U%
U%
Muddy Branch
500
600
600
U%
U% U%
YY
3
U%
500
600
#
1 inch equals 3/4 mile
600
Y
2 181
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Cree
Caney
500
400
500
The Bob Cummings Lincoln Trail Bridge is the only bridge crossing the Ohio
River in Hancock County, making it a vital part of the county's economy. Photograph courtesy of Rick Burbridge, Hancock County District Conservationist.
Scale = 1:48,000
0
Y
Y
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400
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400
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X
600
500
500
500
X
Y
Y
Y
600
500
U%
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U%
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YYYY YYY Y
Y
YY
Y
Y
500
400
500
500
400
500
400
Indiana
U%U%
500
500
1389U%
Daviess County
U%
500
500
600
500
Y
500
500
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Cr
400
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ut
Bla
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400
500
500
Y
ø
÷
400
400U%
U%
600
U%
U%
500
1389
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÷
0
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HAWESVILLE
Lead Creek
50
500
U%
U%
400U%
500
600
500
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500
500
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400
Groundwater Availability
The alluvium along the Ohio River is the best source of
groundwater in the county. Nearly all drilled wells less than
150 feet deep in the alluvium are adequate for domestic use.
Most wells yield more than 50 gallons per minute; some
wells yield as much as 750 gallons per minute. In the
northern three-quarters of Hancock County, most wells less
than 300 feet deep that penetrate sandstone are adequate
for a domestic supply. In the southern quarter of the county,
only a few wells yield enough water for a domestic supply.
Generally, groundwater is hard to very hard, and iron and salt
may be present in objectionable amounts. Often in deep wells,
groundwater becomes too mineralized to use. For more information on groundwater resources in the county, see Carey
and Stickney (2001).
The 1600-foot Cannelton Locks and Dam spans the Ohio River. Completed
in the 1960's, the structure creates a 114-mile-long lake that stretches from
Hancock County to Louisville. The lake is used for various recreational activities such as boating and picnicking. Photograph courtesy of Rick Burbridge,
Hancock County District Conservationist.
500
1847
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÷
500
500
500
400
U%
500
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!
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50U%0
Flooding
0
500
500
500
20-foot elevation contour interval
500
h
"334
!
400
Y
s Branc
400
500
Butcher
U%
%
U% U
U%
500
U%U%
U%
U% 40
500
500
The River
U%
400 U%
Hancock
High
400
500
500
U%
"661
!
Domestic
Industrial
Monitoring
Public
500
U%U%
U%
U% U% U%U%
U%
500
U%
500
U%
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Hancock
Middle
500
500
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--
500
500
B
500
reek
Little Yellow C
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#
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# U% ###
#
400
#
400
U%
-
North Hancock
Elementary
400
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V
500
500
#
500
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For Planning Use Only
This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform
land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic
bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties
of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered
on a site-to-site basis. At any site, it is important to understand the characteristics of both
the soils and the underlying rock. For further assistance, contact the Kentucky Geological
Survey, Western Regional Office, 1401 Corporate Drive, Henderson, KY 42420, phone
270.827.3414 or 827.3404. For more information, and to make custom maps of your local
area, visit our Land-Use Planning Internet Mapping Web Site at
kgsmap.uky.edu/website/kyluplan/viewer.htm.
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%%
U%U% U%
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500
500
rk
w Creek Fo
North Yello
500
Y Y
#
WaitmanV
&
U%
500
Projected fault
Gas well
Oil well
Oil or oil and gas well
Enhanced recovery well
Mine adit
U%
ek Fork
YY
#
#
#
400
U%
500
U%
U%
U% U%
400
YYY
400
/(
U%
500
Y
U%
1957
ø
÷
U%
South Yellow Cre
U%
500
500
U%60
Water wells
U%
500
"
!
400
334
& Adair
V
400
400
U% U%
U%
UU
%% U% U%
500
500
#
#
U%
500
U%
400
400
Concealed fault
Fault
L
U%
1ø
605
÷
U%
LEWISPORT
Corporate boundary
Watershed divide
#
"
!
334
U% U%
U%U%U%
Water
Wetlands
X
U%
IO
H
O
EXPLANATION
School
U%
U%
U%U%
U%
500
Agriculture is a major land use in Hancock County. According to the Kentucky
Agricultural Statistics Service, 19,197 acres (16 percent) of the 120,940 acres
available were planted in corn, soybeans, and tobacco in 2002-2003.
Photograph courtesy of Diane Perkins, Hancock County Extension Agent for
Agriculture and Natural Resources.
U%
Geologic Hazards
The most prominent geologic hazard for Hancock County is flooding. Areas underlain
by alluvium, unit 1 on the map, are often subject to flooding. Urban development often
exacerbates flooding, and therefore potential flooding should always be considered in
urban development plans. Areas of steep-walled drainage, such as that formed in terrain
underlain by unit 3, are conducive to flash flooding, especially in developed areas. Flood
information is available from the Kentucky Division of Water, Flood Plain Management
Branch, www.water.ky.gov/floods/.
None of the faults that occur in Hancock County are considered to be active; however,
the proximity of active seismic zones such as the New Madrid, Wabash, or East
Tennessee do call for precautions to be taken for earthquake damage mitigation. The
presence of thick alluvium, which normally has a high groundwater table, should also
be treated with special concern because of the possibility of augmented shaking and
liquefaction during a strong earthquake. In addition, alluvium often contains high
amounts of clay minerals, which can give soil a high shrink/swell capacity.
Steep slopes are present, especially along streams in areas underlain by unit 3, throughout the county. Steep slopes can develop soil creep and landslides if not properly
treated during development. Proper engineering techniques should be followed when
developing on hillsides, and care should be taken not to affect property above and
below a development site on a hillside.
Several underground coal mines are in Hancock County. The locations of known mine
workings and shafts are shown on the map. Precautions need to be taken when developing over old mined areas because of the possibility of mine subsidence. Mine subsidence insurance is available in Kentucky.
Surface coal mine areas are prone to settling after reclamation, which may affect
structural foundations and roads. Surface mine areas also lack soil structure, which
inhibits the growth of vegetation during summer months. Abandoned deep and surface
mine boundaries shown on the map are approximate and do not represent all the mining
that has occurred in the county.
Soil piping is the phenomenon whereby subsurface tunnels or pipelike cavities are
formed by water moving through the soil. Piping may occur in various soil types, but
particularly in alluvium and loess. The only way to treat soil piping is to fill the holes
with rock or soil to keep the holes from enlarging and to divert drainage from the area.
Acknowledgments
Geology adapted from Harbin (2002), Hawkins and Venard (2002), Solis (2002), and Solis and
Venard (2002a-e). Thanks to Diane Perkins, Hancock County Extension Agent for Agriculture
and Natural Resources, and Rick Burbridge, Hancock County District Conservationist, for
their assistance and photographs.
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The topography of Hancock County ranges from flat, broad lowlands to very
steep-sloped uplands. The elevation ranges from about 380 feet above mean
sea level at the river to about 830 feet in the uplands. Photograph courtesy
of Rick Burbridge, Hancock County District Conservationist.
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Series XII, 2005
E. Glynn Beck, David A.Williams, and Daniel I. Carey
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The Land
-
Generalized Geologic Map
for
Land-Use Planning:
Hancock County, Kentucky
400
Kentucky Geological Survey
James C. Cobb, State Geologist and Director
UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
Copyright 2005 by the University of Kentucky,
Kentucky Geological Survey
For information on obtaining copies
of this map and other Kentucky
Geological Survey maps and
publications call:
Public Information Center
859.257.3896
877.778.7827 (toll free)
View the KGS World Wide Web
site at:
www.uky.edu/kgs