downloading

Wireless Networking case studies
Merida State, Venezuela and
Galapagos Islands, Ecuador
Examples of wide area wireless data network deployments
n  Additional information available at:
Ermanno Pietrosemoli, “Long-Distance, Low-Cost Wireless
Data Transmission”, International Union of Radio Science
Bulletin, No. 339, December 2011, Ghent.
n 
Ermanno Pietrosemoli, “Wireless Data Transmission in the
Andes: Networking Merida State”, Inet’99, San Francisco, Ca.,
U.S.A,1999. http://www.isoc.org/isoc/conferences/inet/99/
proceedings/4d/4d_1.htm
1
Wireless Data
Network, Mérida,
Venezuela
40 km
65 km
2,4 y 5,8 GHz frequencies
Deployement started in1995
From packet radio to broadband
Repeater Site, 40 km away
Base Station with multisectored antenna at
3450 m altitude overlooking the city of Mérida,
which lies at 1600 m.
Eleven Sectors, 15 degrees, 20 dBi each
Three frequency pairs, 2.1- 2.5 GHz
Installed in 1997
Pietrosemoli
3
City of Merida
Timotes Location
60 degree
Sector antenna
18.92 Km
FUNDACITE LAN
(NOC)
COR Repeater
Mesa Alta
9.15 Km
44.15 Km
34.76 Km
COR El Aguila
Repeater
PA
COR Aguada Norte
FUNDACITE Network
(North)
COR Astronomy
Observatory
FUNDACITE LAN
(NOC)
9.15 Km
PA
5.2 Km
Canagua
COR Aguada Norte
A
64.33 Km
COR Pico Espejo
3.66 Km
PA
PA
COR
Paramo del Motor
PA
MARS: enlace desde
Pico Espejo. 4765 m
A la Hechicera 1800 m
5.8 GHz, 10 Mbps
Mérida Atmospheric
Research Station (MARS)
Joint Venezuelan-German
project:
5.8 GHz, 16 km link
Pico Espejo. 4765 m
to Hechicera 1800 m
Pietrosemoli
6
Galapagos Island Wireless Network
Project Goal
n 
n 
n 
Provide data and voice service to the
Galapago's Islands organisations that are in
charge of protection of the ecosystem in a cost
effective way
Minimise the environmental impact of the
structures to be built
Minimise the power requirements of the
equipment to be deployed
7
Background information
n 
n 
n 
n 
02/26/09
Five islands about 1000 km from the
Ecuadorian mainland
Each island had its own satellite earth station to
connect to the Internet, for which they were
paying thousand dollars per month
Even to go from one island to another
separated a few kilometers the connection had
to be through the very expensive satellite
bandwidth
Electrical energy must be provided by solar or
wind system
8
Some obvious choices
n 
n 
n 
02/26/09
Fiber optics is two expensive for linking the
islands, so wireless is the way to go
Cellular system too expensive and limited in
data handling capability
The choice is then among modified WiFi,
WiMAX or proprietary wireless systems
9
Settlements to be served
n 
n 
n 
n 
n 
02/26/09
Puerto Ayora in Santa Cruz Island
Airport in Baltra Island
Puerto Baquerizo Moreno in San Cristobal
Island
Puerto Villamil in Isabela Island
Port at Floreana Island
10
Galapagos Islands Sites
Settlements to be served
Repeater Sites
Baltra
Santa Cruz
Isabela
Cerro
Cura
Cerro
Croker
Puerto Ayora
San Cristobal
Cerro
El Niño
Puerto Baquerizo
Puerto Villamil
Floreana
Galapagos Islands Broadband Network
Central links
and Peripheral links
79 km
86 km
Cerro Croker-Puerto Villamil
02/26/09