HUMAN TRAFFICKING - Ohio State Bar Association
Transcription
HUMAN TRAFFICKING - Ohio State Bar Association
TH E OH IO STATE B AR ASSOCIATION MEMB ER MAG AZI NE V O L . 2 7 , N O. 6 w w w.o h i o ba r.o rg N OV E M B E R /D E C E M B ER 2013 The fight to end HUMAN TRAFFICKING in Ohio Ethics alert: Client data and “the cloud” Finances 101 for new (and soon-to-be) lawyers Soliciting clients by text message: No “lol” matter Why do Ohio attorneys prefer OBLIC to protect their practices and professional reputation? “I’ve been insured with OBLIC for more than 30 years because I trust them. Although OBLIC has reasonable rates,claims free discounts and Ohio Bar College Discounts, price is not the most important consideration for professional liability insurance; the care OBLIC gives its policyholders is. When a former client sued me, OBLIC’s claims people were there for me from beginning to end, helping me defeat a meritless claim. They gave me peace of mind, and that’s why you have insurance. I would trust no one else with my malpractice coverage.” —Thomas E. Bookwalter Baver and Bookwalter Co. L.P.A. Miamisburg Insure your practice with OBLIC to experience why OBLIC protects more Ohio attorneys than any of its competitors, and has for over three decades! Contact OBLIC Today. Owned and endorsed by the Ohio State Bar Association 1 Ohio Lawyer September/October 2013 www.ohiobar.org OhioLawyer Vol. 27 No. 6 Departments 3 | President’s Perspective The importance of civics education to the success of a constitutional democracy. 5 | In Brief U.S. Supreme Court’s favorability edges below 50 percent; millennial workforce, talent crunch among top trends affecting legal profession; Chief Justice O’Connor wants to hear from you. Features 6| 12 | Human trafficking in Ohio by Melinda Sykes Haggerty With an estimated 27 million victims worldwide, the epidemic of human trafficking continues to spread to every corner of society, including Ohio, where an aggressive campaign by lawmakers and law enforcement is fighting to end the modern-day slave trade. 20 | Practice Tips The motion in limine as a Trojan horse. Blue skies above? Legal ethics and cloud storage 24 | Foundation News Videos showcase work of 2011 Fellows for youth. by Karen E. Rubin Storing client files and other confidential information in “the cloud” while adhering to ethical rules and guidelines can be tricky—and beneficial—for lawyers practicing law in the digital era. 16 | 19 | Inside OSBA Allowable self-study hours increasing; renew your OSBA membership for 2014; OSBA to begin certifying attorneys as specialists in elder law; Casemaker now includes Casecheck+. Finances 101: Taking control of your financial future by Alana C. Jochum Today’s new lawyers may find themselves struggling under the burden of law school debt and the stresses of an increasingly competitive job market, but there are still important steps they can take to ensure their financial well-being. 22 | Statehouse Connection Ohio LAWPAC: Invest in good government. 26 | Did You Know? Soliciting potential clients by text message is no “lol” matter. 28 | Books & Bytes Review of The Double V: How Wars, Protest, and Harry Truman Desegregated America’s Military, by Rawn James Jr. 30 | Member Benefits Take advantage of OSBA practice tools. 31 | Member News Awards and community involvement of OSBA members. 32 | Sustaining Members OSBA thanks members who have made generous contributions to the organized bar of Ohio. www.ohiobar.org November/December 2013 Ohio Lawyer 1 OhioLawyer Ohio Lawyer is published bimonthly by the Ohio State Bar Association. Ohio Lawyer Staff Editor: Nina Corbut Editorial: Andrew Hartzell, John Hocter OSBA website wins national award Graphic Designer: Andrea Donahue Advertising: Terry Henson Website Editor: Dan Beckley Board of Editors Joseph L. Ludovici, Chair, East Liverpool Kristin Burkett, Newark Thomas L. Guillozet, Versailles Yolanda D. Gwinn, Toledo David A. Hejmanowski, Delaware Paula S. Hicks-Hudson, Toledo John D. Holschuh Jr., Cincinnati Alan J. Lehenbauer, Swanton Kevin P. Murphy, Warren William M. Owens, Coshocton Marquettes D. Robinson, Cleveland Nancy Schuster, Cleveland Stephen L. Smith, New Bremen Brandi M. Stewart, Cincinnati OSBA Officers President: Jonathan Hollingsworth, Dayton President-elect: Martin E. Mohler, Toledo Executive Director: Mary Amos Augsburger Advertising Sales and Editorial Offices Ohio State Bar Association P.O. Box 16562 Columbus, Ohio 43216-6562 (800) 282-6556; (614) 487-2050 Advertising: [email protected] Editorial: [email protected] Printing: Hopkins Printing Editorial Offices Ohio Lawyer (issn 1097-6493) is published bimonthly by the Ohio State Bar Association, P.O. Box 16562, Columbus, Ohio 43216-6562. Phone: (800) 282-6556 or (614) 4872050. Periodicals postage paid at Columbus, Ohio and additional offices. Ten dollars of dues pays your required subscription to Ohio Lawyer. Ohio Lawyer is published as a service to members of the Ohio State Bar Association through their dues and is not available to nonmember attorneys. Governmental agencies and educational and legal research organizations may subscribe annually for $35. Single copies to members and qualified subscribers are $7. ©Copyright 2013 by the Ohio State Bar Association. All rights reserved. Any copying of materials herein, in whole or in part, and by any means, without written permission, is prohibited. Requests for reprint permission should be sent to the Ohio Lawyer editorial offices. Editor reserves the right to reject any advertising submitted for publication. While advertising copy is reviewed, no endorsement of any product or service offered by any advertisement is intended or implied by publication in Ohio Lawyer. Statements or expressions of opinion herein are those of the author and not necessarily those of the Ohio State Bar Association, its officers, staff or the board of editors. Manuscript Submission OSBA members are encouraged to submit manuscripts to the editor for possible publication in Ohio Lawyer. Articles submitted should not exceed 10 typewritten, double-spaced pages. Manuscripts are not purchased, and those submitted become the property of the Ohio State Bar Association. Editorial policies can be obtained by calling (800) 282-6556 or (614) 487-2050 or visiting www.ohiobar.org/editorialpolicy. Ohio State Bar a s s o c i at i o n Postmaster (usps 016-304): Send address changes to Ohio Lawyer, P.O. Box 16562, Columbus, Ohio 43216-6562. est 1880 Photography credits ©Shutterstock.com/Stokkete: Cover, 6 & 7 ©Shutterstock.com/ChameleonsEye: 1 ©Shutterstock.com/Sweetok: 9 ©Shutterstock.com/Oleksiy Mark: 12 ©Shutterstock.com/KZWW: 13-15 ©Shutterstock.com/Alexmillos: 26 Ohio State Bar The Ohio State Bar Association was honored to be among a select number of bar associations nationwide to receive a Luminary Award at the National Association of Bar Executives (NABE) Communications Section Workshop Sept. 25-27, 2013, in Portland, Oregon. The OSBA received the 2013 NABE Luminary Award for its website, www.ohiobar.org, in the “large bar association website” category. The website was recognized for both its design and content. Nina Corbut, OSBA director of publications, accepted on behalf of the association. All of the judges were highly complementary of the website. One commented, “It’s truly an example of what a bar website should be.” “The OSBA website is constantly evolving to meet the needs of our members and the public,” said OSBA President Jonathan Hollingsworth. “We are pleased that our efforts are being recognized, and we congratulate all who work hard to keep our website development ahead of the curve.” NABE Communications Section’s Luminary Awards program was created in 1992 at the Communications Section workshop in Albuquerque and was named for New Mexico’s “luminaria.” Awards are given annually in the following categories: publications, electronic publications, public relations, websites and marketing campaigns. Within each category, awards are given to small, medium and large bar associations. � a s s o c i at i o n est 1880 2 Ohio Lawyer November/December 2013 www.ohiobar.org President’s Perspective The importance of civics education to the success of a constitutional democracy by Jonathan Hollingsworth Most everyone remembers where they were during the tragedy of 9/11. Some of us remember where we were on the day President John F. Kennedy was shot. Others of us remember where we were when Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated. These were all life changing and pivotal moments in our nation’s history. However, do you remember where you were when it was announced that the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was signed? There is a small group of the American population that can answer yes, as it was as critical and life changing to them as all of the other events referenced above. The Voting Rights Act was widely considered landmark civil rights legislation at the time. And now, nearly 50 years later, some of its provisions are the subject of political controversy. In June of this year, the U.S. Supreme Court struck down key elements of the Voting Rights Act by a 5 to 4 vote, thus allowing nine states, mostly in the South, to change the state’s election laws without advance federal approval. However, to understand and appreciate the significance of the Voting Rights Act and the implications of the Shelby County v. Holder decision, one must understand our form of government and what it means to be part of a constitutional democracy.1 In the past, this important information was acquired in school through civics education; today, sadly enough, not so much. If the schools that educate the leaders of tomorrow, i.e., our children, are unwilling or unable to make civics education a part of the core curriculum, how can we expect our children to understand how a representative democracy based on a constitution works? More importantly, how can we expect anyone to live under the Rule of Law if they do not know what that means? Many, including the Center for Civic Education, have repeatedly (and correctly) stated that “the goal of education in civics and government is informed, responsible participation in political life by competent citizens committed to the fundamental values and principles of American constitutional democracy.” Many of our nation’s leaders have recognized that one of the most important purposes of educating the nation’s citizens is www.ohiobar.org to protect and strengthen constitutional democracy. President Ronald Reagan said: Since the founding of this nation, education and democracy have gone hand in hand. The founders believed a nation that governs itself, like ours, must rely upon informed and engaged electorate. Their purpose was not to teach all Americans how to read and write, but to instill the self-evident truths that are the anchors of our political system.2 Is there any doubt that self-government requires citizens who are informed and thoughtful, participate in their communities, are involved in the political process, and possess moral and civic virtues? No doubt whatsoever as generations of leaders, from America’s founding fathers to elected leaders in the 21st century, have understood that these qualities are not automatically transmitted to the next generation—“they must be passed down through schools,” as schools are the guardians of democracy.3 Answers to Annenberg Public Policy Center surveys, elicited from national samples of the U.S. population in the past decade, found that: • Only one-third of Americans could name all three branches of government (one-third couldn’t name any); • Just over a third thought that it was the intention of the Founding Fathers to have each branch hold a lot of power, but the President has the final say; and • Almost a third mistakenly believed that a U.S. Supreme Court ruling could be appealed. The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), commonly referred to as the nation’s report card, issued a report in 2010 on civics and found two thirds of all fourth, eighth and twelfth grade students who took the test failed to score “proficient” in civics. For example, less than half of the eighth graders knew the purpose of the bill of rights. Less than one-third of eighth graders could identify the historical purpose of the Declaration of Independence. Fewer than one in five high school November/December 2013 Ohio Lawyer 3 seniors were able to explain how citizen participation benefits democracy. Only one in 10 had age-appropriate knowledge of the system of checks and balances. Scores on the 2010 NAEP were even lower for low-income and minority students, with black students scoring on average 24 to 30 points lower than their white counterparts. This persistent gap in civics achievement is believed by many to undermine the equality of all citizens. Education, supported by the Supreme Court of Ohio, the Ohio State Bar Association, the Ohio Attorney General’s Office and the American Civil Liberties Union of Ohio Foundation, offers its Mock Trial competition, We the People, Ohio Government in Action and its Law & Citizenship Conference—all aimed at improving civic education in Ohio. But so much more remains to be done. Many believe that research makes clear that students who receive high-quality civics learning are more likely than their counterparts to understand public issues, view political engagement as a means of addressing communal challenges, and participate in civics activities. Civics learning has similarly been shown to promote civics equality. As reported by the Guardian of Democracy: The Civic Mission of Schools, poor, minority, urban or rural students who do receive high-quality civics learning perform considerably higher than their counterparts, demonstrating the possibility of civics learning to fulfill the ideal of civics equality. Let us all heed the words of President Barack Obama and accept the challenge: “The loss of quality civic education from so many of our classrooms has left too many young Americans without the most basic knowledge of who our forefathers are, or the significance of the founding documents, […and] the risks and sacrifices made by previous generations, to ensure that this country survived war and depression; through the great struggles for civil, and social, and worker’s rights. It is up to us, then, to teach them.” � Research also demonstrates that civics learning has been shown to instill young people with the “21st century competencies” that employers value in the new economy. Despite the documented benefits, it is believed that civics learning and democratic engagement are often seen as “add-ons rather than essential parts of the core academic mission” in too many schools and colleges. Additionally, it appears that many elementary and secondary schools are pushing civics aside, focusing more on preparing students for college in the areas of math, English, and science. There are positives. On the national level, programs such as iCivics created by Justice Sandra Day O’Connor are designed to reverse Americans’ declining civic knowledge and participation and to prepare young Americans to become knowledgeable, engaged 21st-century citizens through the use of innovative educational materials. Here in Ohio, the Ohio Center for Law-Related Jonathan Hollingsworth is president of the Ohio State Bar Association. Endnotes 1 570 U.S. 1. 2 See, also, Advancing Civic Learning and Engagement in Democracy: A Road Map and Call to Action, U.S. Department of Education, January 2012. 3 As former Associate Justice Sandra Day O’Connor stated: “Knowledge about our government is not handed down through the gene pool. Every generation has to learn it, and we have some work to do.” See, also, commentary from Guardian of Democracy: The Civic Mission of Schools, Campaign for the Civic Mission of Schools in partnership with the Leonore Annenberg Institute for Civics of the Annenberg Public Policy Center at the University of Pennsylvania; the National Conference on Citizenship; the Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Engagement at Tufts University; and the American Bar Association Division for Public Education. Is your paralegal and/or legal administrator a member of the OSBA? Join now for 2014 and get the rest of 2013 FREE For just $85 per year, paralegals and legal administrators have access to many of the benefits reserved for our attorney members, such as: • • • • • More than 40 committees and sections—including the Paralegals Committee. Discounts for your office. Access to Casemaker. Access to legal news and case law through electronic and print publications. Access to “members-only” areas of the OSBA website. In addition, paralegal and legal administrator members can take up to three live OSBA CLE seminars for free! For more information or to join, visit www.ohiobar.org/join. 4 Ohio Lawyer November/December 2013 www.ohiobar.org In Brief Compiled by Andrew Hartzell U.S. Supreme Court’s favorability edges below 50 percent The U.S. Supreme Court’s favorability rating has edged below 50 percent for the first time in nearly three decades of Pew Research Center polling. Currently, 48 percent have a favorable opinion of the court while 38 percent have an unfavorable opinion. Specialized talent is proving elusive. As law firms and corporate legal departments become more exacting in the expertise they require, demand is increasing for highly skilled talent with industry or practice-area specialization. Litigation and e-discovery are pivotal areas in which legal organizations continue to need targeted expertise. In March, before the court’s end-of-term decisions on same-sex marriage and the Voting Rights Act, 52 percent had a favorable impression of the Supreme Court while 31 percent had an unfavorable opinion. Social media and Gen Y are influencing the legal workplace. The use of social media and collaboration tools has increased ideasharing among legal teams. To entice Millennial workers, law firms are offering open office spaces and work-life balance perks, including flexible scheduling and telecommuting. � —www.roberthalflegal.com The national survey by the Pew Research Center, conducted July 17-21, among 1,480 adults nationwide, finds that African Americans’ views of the court have become much more negative in the aftermath of the court’s decisions. Chief Justice O’Connor wants to hear from you The survey finds that partisan differences in opinions about the Supreme Court—which widened substantially last year after the court’s ruling on the Affordable Care Act—have narrowed since then. Currently, 54 percent of Democrats, 48 percent of Republicans and 47 percent of independents express favorable opinions of the court. During her annual address at the Ohio State Bar Association convention in May, Ohio Supreme Court Chief Justice Maureen O’Connor announced an eight-point plan to strengthen judicial elections, and she invited Ohioans to visit a website to participate in a statewide discussion about the ideas. As was the case in March, conservative Republicans and liberal Democrats have contrasting opinions about the Supreme Court’s ideology. Fifty percent of conservative Republicans say the court is liberal, compared with just 8 percent who say it is conservative (35 percent say it is “middle of the road”). Liberal Democrats are far more likely to say the court is conservative (40 percent) than liberal (19 percent), with 35 percent saying it is middle of the road. � —www.people-press.org Millennial workforce, talent crunch among top trends affecting legal profession Globalization, shifting demographics and increased mobility are influencing the legal field and reshaping its workplace. The Evolving Legal Profession and Emerging Workforce of Tomorrow industry report from Robert Half Legal examines how law firms and corporate legal departments are adapting to these changes to gain a competitive advantage. Among the key trends uncovered in the research: The eight questions posed by the Chief Justice include: 1. Should Ohio change the law so judicial races are no longer listed at the end of the ballot? 2. Should all judicial elections be held in odd-numbered years? 3. Should Ohio centralize and expand its civic education programming and institute a judicial voter guide? 4. Should Ohio eliminate party affiliation on the ballot in judicial primaries? 5. Should Ohio join the other states that have a formal, nonpartisan system for recommending nominees to the governor to fill judicial vacancies? 6. Should appointments to the Ohio Supreme Court require the advice and consent of the Ohio Senate? 7. Should Ohio increase the basic qualifications for serving as a judge? 8. Should Ohio increase the length of judges’ terms? Participate in a statewide discussion about these ideas on the Ohio Courts 2013 website at http://ohiocourts2013.org/. � Mesothelioma The definition of client service is expanding. Legal departments are requiring an enhanced level of service and creative partnerships from their law firms. In addition to flexible fee arrangements, they seek outside counsel with in-depth knowledge of their industry who can serve as trusted business advisers. Globalization is increasing collaboration among law firms. As companies conduct more business on a global scale, they require help from outside counsel to navigate business and legal issues. Law firms are opening international offices or collaborating through legal and multidisciplinary networks to meet this need. www.ohiobar.org Asbestos Related Lung Cancer 1-800-471-3980 www.gpwlaw.com November/December 2013 1030 Fifth Ave Pittsburgh, PA 15219 Ohio Lawyer 5 human trafficking in ohio By Melinda Sykes Haggerty With an estimated 27 million victims worldwide, the epidemic of human trafficking continues to spread to every corner of society, including Ohio, where an aggressive campaign by lawmakers and law enforcement is fighting to end the modern-day slave trade. 6 Ohio Lawyer November/December 2013 www.ohiobar.org www.ohiobar.org November/December 2013 Ohio Lawyer 7 • The recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision or obtaining of a person for labor or services, through the use of force, fraud or coercion for the purpose of subjection to involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage or slavery.4 Today, there are as many as 27 million victims of human trafficking across the globe.1 Though individual states and the federal government define human trafficking differently, human trafficking essentially involves people being forced to engage in sexual activity or labor services for someone else’s profit. Trafficking in the United States involves both foreign and U.S. citizens and occurs in many locations, including brothels, massage parlors, on neighborhood streets, hotels, restaurants, agricultural farms and in domestic service situations in private homes.5 Despite the prevalence of both labor and sex trafficking, it is the sex trafficking of minors that is most often (and passionately) discussed. The federal law provides broad protection for minor sex trafficking victims by not requiring proof of force, fraud or coercion in these cases. The law recognizes that minors are particularly vulnerable to manipulation by traffickers and that they cannot consent to being sexually exploited for money. Wrong. Recent media attention has shined a spotlight on the horrors of human trafficking in the United States. This July, the FBI rescued 105 sex trafficked children in a cross-country sting that targeted pimps who forced these girls into prostitution.2 Minors as young as 12 years old are recruited into prostitution in the United States.3 The sad truth is that the reality of traffickers using lies, manipulation, threats and drugs to force young girls to sell themselves for sex is nothing new. Ohio statutes and cases Ohio has been on the front lines in the battle to combat human trafficking. Attorney General Mike DeWine re-created the Human Trafficking Commission (formerly named the “Trafficking in Persons Study Commission” under Attorney General Cordray) in August 2011 to better understand human trafficking in Ohio and to assist in developing solutions to address human trafficking at the state level. A 2010 Ohio Attorney General Trafficking in Persons Study Commission Report estimated that more than 1,000 minors are sex trafficked in Ohio annually.6 A follow-up study released in 2012 surveyed more than 300 women involved in the sex trade in five Ohio cities and asked when and how they were recruited and surveyed their experiences. The study revealed that 35 percent of these women were sex trafficked as minors, and were most often recruited at some point by a female who was also involved in selling herself or who first acted like a friend.7 The way we view and respond to these girls is novel. There is a growing realization that the women and girls (and sometimes men and boys) engaged in selling themselves are often current or former human trafficking victims who should be given supportive services rather than criminals who should be given jail time. This perspective has spurred increased efforts at both the state and federal levels to rescue and restore human trafficking victims and prosecute criminals who prey on those most vulnerable for their own profit. Those who were sex trafficked as children reported having experienced child abuse and neglect, having a close family member involved in the sex trade, suffering depression, being raped, having difficulty in school and being in proximity of those who bought or sold others for sex.8 The biggest risk factor associated with a child recruited into sex trafficking was having a history of running away from home. Sixty-three percent of those who were sex trafficked as minors reported having run away one or more times before they were trafficked. Federal human trafficking framework: The Trafficking Victims Protection Act The federal Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA), passed in 2000, was the first comprehensive federal law to address human trafficking. The federal law defines “severe forms of trafficking in persons” as: This report, though it only covered five Ohio cities, shows that human trafficking is real in Ohio and warns of the risk factors that professionals need to identify to be able to intervene when a minor is at risk of being sex trafficked.9 The 2008 movie Taken brought much-needed public awareness to this problem in its portrayal of a teenage girl who is abducted on a trip to Paris, drugged and sold for sex across Europe. In the movie, the girl’s retired CIA father ultimately rescues her and returns her home to safety in America. America—where young girls are safe from being drugged, raped and forced to sell sex, right? • Sex trafficking in which a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion, or in which the person induced to perform such an act has not attained 18 years of age; or 8 Ohio Lawyer November/December 2013 In 2005, the scope of the problem in Ohio was illuminated when the FBI sting “Operation Precious Cargo” recovered 151 sex trafficking victims, 78 of whom were from Toledo, and 45 of whom were minors.10 As a result of Operation Precious Cargo, the FBI created the Northwest Ohio Violent Crimes Against Children www.ohiobar.org Task Force in 2006 to investigate child sex trafficking cases in Toledo. This task force has had great success investigating human trafficking in Toledo and securing long sentences for those who sexually exploit children. Most recently, the task force charged a Toledo woman with interstate sex trafficking after she allegedly transported a minor from Ohio to Michigan in December 2009 to engage in commercial sex acts.11 The success of the task force model to investigate and prosecute human trafficking cases led to its replication at the state level in central Ohio. In 2012, Attorney General DeWine announced the creation of the Central Ohio Human Trafficking Task Force. This task force is part of the Attorney General’s Ohio Organized Crime Investigations Commission and is made up primarily of officers from the Columbus Police Department, along with officers from the Ohio Bureau of Criminal Investigation (BCI), the Powell Police Department, U.S. Customs and Immigration Enforcement (ICE), the Ohio State Highway Patrol and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).12 The task force also collaborates with a victim services coordinator from the Salvation Army who specializes in working with human trafficking victims to ensure that victim’s needs are being met, and with local and federal prosecutors to see that these traffickers are brought to justice. Task force investigations already have led to the prosecution of at least five traffickers in the central Ohio area. One case involved four Chillicothe residents who pled guilty to bringing a woman to Columbus and forcing her to have sex with more than a dozen men over a period of a few days.13 Another trafficker the task force investigated was charged with trafficking women by posting online ads advertising sex and withholding drugs from the women until they complied with his demands to have sex with men for money.14 As public awareness of human trafficking grows, law enforcement will receive more tips that will lead to further investigations and prosecutions under the task force model in the future. Legislative efforts in Ohio have spurred awareness of human trafficking in the state and have provided tools to prosecute traffickers and provide much-needed services to victims. Ohio’s first stand-alone human trafficking law became effective in 2011 with the passage of Senate Bill 235, which created the crime of trafficking in persons in the Ohio Revised Code. Trafficking in persons is defined as to knowingly recruit, lure, entice, isolate, harbor, transport, provide, obtain, or maintain, or knowingly attempt to do any of these things, to a person knowing that the person will be either be: 1) Subjected to involuntary servitude (labor trafficking); or 2) Compelled to engage in sexual activity for hire, engage in a performance that is obscene, sexually oriented, or nudity oriented, or be a mode or participant in the production of material that is obscene, sexually oriented, or nudity oriented (sex trafficking).15 The statute explicitly defines compulsion in a trafficking in persons case, as requiring proof that the victim’s will was overcome by “force, fear, duress, or intimidation.”16 In June 2012, the Ohio Legislature passed House Bill 262, Ohio’s Safe Harbor Law, to strengthen the trafficking in persons statute. This new statute raised the penalty for trafficking in persons from a second degree to a first degree felony with a mandatory prison term of 10 to 15 years. www.ohiobar.org Additionally, sex traffickers convicted of trafficking in persons are now required to register as sex offenders.17 Furthermore, the penalty for obstruction of justice in trafficking in persons cases was raised to a second degree felony to discourage traffickers (or those associated with traffickers) from intimidating the victim witnesses to discourage their cooperation in the case.18 Penalties in Ohio law now closely mirror those at the federal level, making state prosecution of these cases a reasonable alternative to federal proceedings. The Safe Harbor Law also provides assistance for human trafficking victims seeking to heal from the trauma of this crime. The law created an abeyance procedure that allows juvenile judges to hold a hearing to determine whether a minor in juvenile court is a human trafficking victim and provides a procedure temporarily to set aside a complaint for a prostitution-related or other offense related to a minor’s human trafficking victimization pending the completion of diversion actions.19 This provision was a compromise in the debate over how best to ensure the safety and wellbeing of minor human trafficking victims. “ As public awareness of human trafficking grows, law enforcement will receive more tips that will lead to further investigations and prosecutions. ” Some states have passed laws that prohibit arresting a minor for prostitution-related offenses on the basis that the arrest further traumatizes the victim. However, the realities of “trauma bonding” in human trafficking cases and the level of control by traffickers over their victims make it likely that a minor victim will return to the abusive trafficker after rescue. The abeyance procedure created by the Safe Harbor Law allows minor human trafficking victims to be held and supervised by the juvenile court until services are provided to address the underlying trauma that often keeps the victim chained to the trafficker long after being rescued. The Safe Harbor Law also contains provisions to assist adult human trafficking victims. Victims of human trafficking now can apply to the court to have their prior solicitation, loitering to engage in solicitation and prostitution records expunged.20 This provision seeks to reverse the damage that has been created by decades of simply arresting the victim for prostitution without investigating whether the victim might have been forced to commit the act. Finally, the law authorizes human trafficking victims to file a civil suit against their traffickers and receive compensatory and punitive damages for harm sustained as a result of their victimization.21 Another major component of the Safe Harbor Law requires law enforcement training and data collection. All peace officers now are required to have training in handling trafficking in persons violations as a part of basic peace officer training.22 The Ohio Attorney General’s Office, through the Ohio Peace Officer’s Training Academy, has woven human trafficking training into the curriculum of the basic peace officer training for new law enforcement officers, and has created a series of online and in-person November/December 2013 Ohio Lawyer 9 training for current law enforcement officers. Since the passage of H.B. 262 last summer, law enforcement officers have taken 35,000 online human trafficking courses. New legislation, training efforts, and increased public awareness have resulted in increased human trafficking investigations and prosecutions across the state. According to data collected by the Ohio Attorney General’s Bureau of Criminal Investigations, local law enforcement agencies report 30 trafficking in persons investigations since last summer.23 The past year has brought the first cases under the state trafficking in persons law and the first conviction. Kevin Donaldson was convicted by a jury verdict in Wood County: he received a 12-year prison sentence. Other defendants have been arrested and charged with trafficking in persons in Knox, Delaware and Franklin counties, and have been convicted by trial or plea of lesser related charges. Trafficking in persons cases are particularly ripe for plea bargaining because human trafficking victims are often too afraid to testify against their traffickers, or the victim is unavailable for trial because of an unresolved drug addiction that began as a coping mechanism to deal with the trafficking victimization. State efforts are leading to the identification of more human trafficking victims and getting stiffer penalties for the traffickers who exploit them. There are many ongoing efforts at the state level further to address human trafficking. House Bill 130, the “End Demand Act,” was developed by the Legal and Legislative Subcommittee of Attorney General DeWine’s Human Trafficking Commission. The bill is being sponsored by Representative Teresa Fedor, the Legal and Legislative Subcommittee chair, and was introduced on April 16, 2013. This legislation will make it easier to target those who recruit minors into sex trafficking by removing the need to prove that the victim was compelled to act. If passed, this law will make the Ohio Trafficking in Persons law resemble the federal TVPA by recognizing that minors are more easily manipulated by traffickers and cannot consent to commercial sexual activity. The bill also targets johns who purchase sex with minors, makes it easier to terminate the parental rights of parents who traffic their children, and provides greater protections for victim witnesses during the trial. The End Demand Act will further assist law enforcement in arresting and prosecuting those who prey upon our most vulnerable. As Ohio continues to make great strides in combatting human trafficking, efforts are underway to better understand labor trafficking in Ohio, to continue to prosecute traffickers and johns, and to build a system of services for the victims who are left broken by these traffickers and in need of restoration and healing. The paradigm shift in seeing human trafficking victims as victims and vigorously going after those who exploit them is having an impact that reaches beyond the criminal justice system to benefit the citizens of our state. � Melinda Sykes Haggerty serves as the Director of Children’s Initiatives for Ohio Attorney General Mike DeWine. In this role, she facilitates the Attorney General’s Human Trafficking Commission and delivers training on human trafficking issues across Ohio. She lives in Columbus and is a graduate of the Ohio State University Michael E. Moritz College of Law. Ohio Lawyer 1 U.S. Dep’t of State, Trafficking in Persons Report 7 (2013). 2 Fed. Bureau of Investigation, Operation Cross Country: Recovering Victims of Child Sex Trafficking, July 29, 2013, www.fbi.gov/news/ stories/2013/july/operation-cross-country-recovering-victims-of-childsex-trafficking. 3 Polaris Project, Street Prostitution, www.polarisproject.org/humantrafficking/sex-trafficking-in-the-us/street-prostitution (last visited Sept. 3, 2013). 4 22 U.S.C. §7102 (2000). 5 U.S. Dep’t of State, Trafficking in Persons Report 381 (2013). 6 Ohio Att’y Gen. Office, Ohio Trafficking in Persons Study Commission 2010 Year End Report 5 (2010). 7 Ohio Att’y Gen. Office, 2012 Domestic Sex Trafficking Report 2 (2012). 8 Ohio Att’y Gen. Office, 2012 Domestic Sex Trafficking Report 2 (2012). 9 Ohio Att’y Gen. Office, 2012 Domestic Sex Trafficking Report 4 (2012). 10 Taryn Mastrean, “Protected Innocence Initiative Part 2: Criminal Provisions Addressing Demand,” Shared Hope International, Nov. 5, 2011 (available at http://sharedhope.org/2011/11/05/protected-innocenceinitiative-part-2-criminal-provisions-addressing-demand/); Jake Grieco, “Human Trafficking Report Released,” The News Record, Jan. 27, 2013 (available at www.newsrecord.org/news/article_dc16127c-68fa-11e296ec-001a4bcf6878.html). 11 Press Release, “U.S. Attorney’s Office Northern District of Ohio, Toledo Woman Charged with Human Trafficking” (Aug.16, 2012) (available at www.justice.gov/usao/ohn/news/2013/16auggint.html). 12 Press Release, “Attorney General DeWine Announces Formation of Central Ohio Human Trafficking Task Force; First Investigation Leads to Indictments, Arrests” (Oct. 4, 2012) (available at www.ohioattorneygeneral.gov/Media/News-Releases/October-2012/Attorney-GeneralDeWine-Announces-Formation-of-Cen). 13 Press Release, “Attorney General DeWine Announces Formation of Central Ohio Human Trafficking Task Force; First Investigation Leads to Indictments, Arrests” (Oct. 4, 2012) (available at www.ohioattorneygeneral.gov/Media/News-Releases/October-2012/Attorney-GeneralDeWine-Announces-Formation-of-Cen). 14 Press Release, “Attorney General DeWine, Prosecutor O’Brien Announce Human Trafficking Indictment” (Oct. 2, 2012) (available at www.ohioattorneygeneral.gov/Media/News-Releases/October-2012/Attorney-General-DeWine-Prosecutor-O-Brien-Announc). 15 R.C. §2905.32. 16 R.C. §2905.32(B). 17 R.C. §2905.32(E); Ohio Rev. Code § 2950.01 18 R.C. §2921.32(C)(6). 19 R.C. §2152.021. 20 R.C. §2953.38. 21 R.C. §2307.51. 22 R.C. §109.73. 23 Ohio Att’y Gen. Office, Local Law Enforcement Human Trafficking Statistics 1 (2013). ATTENTION LITIGATION STAFF Author bio 10 Endnotes November/December 2013 Ohio’s Premier Mediators and Arbitrators now publish their Available Dates Calendars online! www.OhioMediators.org Need a top-rated neutral outside of Ohio? Visit our free roster at www.NADN.org www.ohiobar.org www.ohiobar.org November/December 2013 Ohio Lawyer 11 Blue skies above? Legal ethics and cloud storage By Karen E. Rubin Storing client files and other confidential information in “the cloud” while adhering to ethical rules and guidelines can be tricky—and beneficial—for lawyers practicing law in the digital era. 12 Ohio Lawyer November/December 2013 www.ohiobar.org If you are looking for ways to bring your law office management into the digital age, you might be considering “the cloud.” For instance, using the cloud to store your client data can (at least potentially) increase access to the data, reduce costs and boost efficiency. But there are ethics issues to consider as you make decisions about using the cloud—and there is a new informal advisory opinion from the Ohio State Bar Association’s Professionalism Committee that can help guide Ohio lawyers. First, here is some background. What is the cloud, and how does it work? Cloud computing has been facetiously described as when “stuff’s not on your [own] computer.”1 This is an apt description, because data that is in the cloud is saved and stored on off-site computers, instead of your office computers. A storage system that is in the cloud is administered by a third-party vendor instead of you or your office personnel. When you want to access the stored data, you use the Internet to connect to the vendor’s database, so that “your computer becomes just a way of getting to your stuff.”2 You are probably already using the cloud in your personal digital life. For instance, Web email is a form of cloud storage—providers such as Google store your messages on their servers, and you access your email from your own device by connecting to the Internet. Dropbox and Google Docs are other familiar providers of cloud storage. Cloud computing is more than just storing data in the cloud. For instance, cloud computing also includes “software as a service,” or “SaaS,” in which a vendor hosts software applications and makes them available to customers over the Internet. SaaS can augment or replace individual ownership or licensing of software. “Platform as a Service” or “PaaS” is another aspect of cloud computing. PaaS has been described as “a way to rent hardware, operating systems, storage and network capacity over the Internet.”3 However, there are significant ethics issues to consider when using the cloud in your legal practice, because in many of its variations, this involves turning client confidential information over to the control of a third party. Of course there is risk in relinquishing client data to a third party, even in the nondigital world of bricks and mortar. Storage facilities burn; floods happen; a meteor can destroy a building.4 But perhaps because it involves relatively new technology that is not well-understood by non-experts, cloud storage raises more concern than traditional forms. And indeed, storing data in the cloud is not without some unique risks, including outages resulting from technology glitches and even from bad weather.5 Malicious disruption of the cloud remains a nightmare scenario.6 Ethics committees in more than a dozen jurisdictions have issued opinions on various aspects of cloud computing.7 In July 2013, the OSBA’s Professionalism Committee weighed in with an informal advisory opinion on the subject of storing client data in the cloud.8 The committee concluded that the Ohio Rules of Professional Conduct (ORPC) permit cloud storage, as long as lawyers observe several key rules. First, the opinion points out that Ohio’s lawyer conduct rules are adaptable and able to address new technology. For instance, www.ohiobar.org in 1970, when the now-superseded Ohio Code of Professional Responsibility was enacted, email was not even a glimmer on the horizon. Nonetheless, the former disciplinary rule on client confidentiality was easily found to apply to email and the various ethical duties in handling it.9 Likewise, despite the digital technology involved in storing client data in the cloud, the OSBA Professionalism Committee found that the issues and ethical duties are not significantly different from those arising when lawyers store data the old-fashioned way.10 Therefore, instead of microlegislating specific cloud storage security requirements or practices that would be quickly overtaken by technology advances, the committee expressed the view that with proper guidance lawyers could look to the applicable ethics rules with “specific practices” being left to the lawyer’s exercise of judgment: “Specific practices regarding protection of client property and information have always been left up to individual lawyers’ judgment, and that same approach applies to the use of online data storage.”11 Recently, the American Bar Association adopted amendments to the Model Rules of Professional Conduct that reflect the same approach. As a result of the work of the Commission on Ethics 20/20, the Model Rules and comments were tweaked to acknowledge digital technology, but no specific regulations were adopted. For example, a new comment to Model Rule 5.3, regarding supervising nonlawyers who provide support services, now provides that lawyers may use nonlawyers to help render legal services, including “using an Internet-based service to store client information,” but that the extent of the lawyer’s supervisory obligation as to such providers “will depend upon the circumstances.”12 (The Ohio Supreme Court has not yet adopted any of the revised provisions of the Model Rules.13) The OSBA Professionalism Committee’s opinion identifies four key ethics considerations in the cloud storage of client data: • Competently selecting the vendor; • Preserving confidentiality and safeguarding client property; • Supervising cloud vendors; and • Communicating with the client. The duty of competence under ORPC 1.1 requires a lawyer to exercise the “legal knowledge, skill, thoroughness, and preparation reasonably necessary for the representation.” Selecting an outside vendor for any type of legal support services has been held to require a lawyer to exercise “due diligence as to the qualifications and reputation of those to whom services are outsourced,” as well as due diligence in determining whether the third-party vendor will provide services competently and diligently.14 The committee pointed to several resources that can help lawyers select an appropriate vendor.15 When it comes to selecting a cloud storage vendor, the committee stressed not only the vendor’s reputation and qualifications, but also the importance of reading and understanding the terms-ofservice agreement. The opinion lists the following questions that can frame your approach to the agreement: November/December 2013 Ohio Lawyer 13 • What safeguards does the vendor have to prevent confidentiality breaches? • Does the agreement create a legally enforceable obligation on the vendor’s part to safeguard the confidentiality of the data? • Do the terms of the agreement purport to give “ownership” of the data to the vendor, or is the data merely subject to the vendor’s license? • How may the vendor respond to government or judicial attempts to obtain disclosure of your client data? • What is the vendor’s policy regarding returning your client data at the termination of its relationship with your firm? • What plans and procedures does the vendor have in case of natural disaster, electric power interruption or other catastrophic events? • Where is the server located (particularly if the vendor itself does not actually host the data, and uses a data center located elsewhere)? Is the relationship subject to international law? With respect to data ownership issues, the opinion advised that agreement terms giving the cloud storage vendor “ownership” rights in the stored data would violate ORPC 1.15(a), which requires that client property “be identified as such.”16 The second key ethics concern is the confidentiality of client data stored in the cloud. Under ORPC 1.6(a), a lawyer “shall not reveal information relating to the representation of a client.” Implicit in that duty, the committee opined, is “to maintain the confidentiality of all client data relating to the representation, irrespective of the form of that data.”17 The committee acknowledged that storing client data in the cloud could present the risk of unauthorized disclosure—just as storing a client’s paper files offsite does. In neither case can a lawyer guarantee that client confidentiality will never be breached.18 The issue is analogous to communicating with clients by email: There is a risk that a confidential message can be intercepted, just as there is a risk that postal mail or a telephone communication can be intercepted, or a face-to-face conversation can be overheard. Yet, lawyers are permitted to use any of these methods to communicate with clients, without taking extraordinary precautions such as encrypting their emails.19 Therefore, the committee advised, the duty of confidentiality with respect to cloud storage involves competently selecting a vendor, staying abreast of technology issues affecting data storage and carefully considering whether particularly sensitive client information should be stored in the cloud at all.20 The secret recipe for Coca-Cola, for instance, probably does not belong in the cloud. The third ethics issue connected to cloud storage is the duty to supervise cloud vendors. Rule 5.3(a)-(b) of the ORPC requires that law firms and individual lawyers make reasonable efforts to ensure that the conduct of a nonlawyer employed by the lawyer is “compatible with the professional obligations of the lawyer.” These duties apply whenever lawyers outsource nonlegal support services, which have been defined to include all varieties of “ministerial” services that the lawyer does not provide in-house, and that are nonlegal in nature.21 The extent of vendor supervision, though, is “a matter of professional judgment for an Ohio lawyer,” so long as the lawyer exercises due diligence with respect to the vendor’s qualifications, competence and ability to protect confidentiality.22 As applied to cloud storage, these concepts point again to the lawyer’s judgment, and the necessity of vetting the cloud-storage vendor. Last, the committee advised that the lawyer must use judgment to determine whether circumstances require client consultation before storing the client’s data in the cloud.23 Rule 1.4(a)(2) requires a lawyer to “reasonably consult with the client” about how the client’s objectives are to be accomplished. But in line with other jurisdictions that have considered the issue, the OSBA Professionalism Committee stopped short of recommending such consultation in all circumstances. The committee concluded that whether the lawyer should consult with the client about plans to store the client’s information in the cloud depended on the sensitivity of the data involved. Using the cloud to store client data can benefit you in managing your practice, and the Professionalism Committee’s informal advisory opinion should provide some clear guidance to Ohio lawyers who would like to embrace the digital age. By proceeding with due regard for Ohio’s ethics rules, there are blue skies above. � Author bio Karen E. Rubin is counsel at Thompson Hine LLP. She is a member of the firm’s Conflicts/Ethics Committee and counsels internal and external clients on ethics issues. Karen is vice chair of the OSBA Professionalism Committee, which issued the opinion discussed in this article. Karen is also a vice chair of the Cleveland Metropolitan Bar Association’s Certified Grievance Committee. 14 Ohio Lawyer November/December 2013 www.ohiobar.org Endnotes 1 Formal Op. 2011-200, 1 (Pa. Bar Ass’n. Comm. on Legal Ethics & Prof ’l Respon. 2011) (quoting Quinn Norton, Byte Rights, Maximum PC (Sept. 2010)). 2 Quinn Norton, Byte Rights, Maximum PC (Sept. 2010). For a more detailed description of the process, see J. Strickland, How Cloud Storage Works, http://computer.howstuffworks.com/clouud-computing/cloudstorage1. 3 SearchCloudComputing, Platform as a Service, http://searchcloudcomputing.techtarget.com/definition/Platform-as-a-Service-PaaS. 4 See “Blaze in storage facility destroys belongings,” CBC News (Jan. 9, 2012, 7:56 a.m. ET) (reporting on fire at Toronto storage facility causing total loss of contents), www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/ story/2012/01/09/osler-fire-street.html; See, “Meteorite-caused emergency situation regime over in Chelyabinsk region,” Russia Beyond the Headlines (English version) (Mar. 5, 2013) (describing damage and destruction affecting thousands of buildings when a meteorite blasted above the Chelyabinsk region in Russia on February 15, 2013), http:// tinyurl.com/kzkw8kz. 5 See J. R. Raphael, “The worst cloud outages of 2013 (so far),” InfoWorld (July 1, 2013) (describing, among others, day-long outage at Dropbox in January 2013 caused by never-specified server problem), http://tinyurl.com/lfvlau8; Mikael Ricknäs, “Lighting strike in Dublin downs Amazon, Microsoft clouds,” Computerworld (Aug. 8, 2011, 8:02 a.m. ET) (describing Dublin, Ireland, lightning strike to a transformer servicing data centers, causing cloud services to go offline for several hours), http://tinyurl.com/4ytzghw. 6 Ellen Messmer, “Startup Defense.Net debuts with anti-DDoS service,” InfoWorld (Aug. 6, 2013, 8:20 a.m.) (describing product aimed at stopping denial-of-service attacks against enterprises and cloud service networks), http://tinyurl.com/lpya4zp. 7 See Am. Bar Ass’n, Cloud Ethics Opinions Around the U.S., http:// tinyurl.com/733gyr8. Not yet included on the ABA’s chart summarizing cloud ethics opinions is Florida’s 2013 opinion. See Op. 12-3 (Fla. Bar Prof ’l Ethics Comm. Jan. 25, 2013) (concluding that lawyers may use cloud computing assuming that lawyer researches the service provider, and that lawyers take “reasonable precautions” to ensure confidentiality, adequate security and adequate access to remotely stored information). 8 OSBA Inf. Adv. Op. 2013-03 (July 25, 2013), available at www.ohiobar.org/ForPublic/LegalTools/Documents/OSBAInfAdvOp2013-03. pdf. The Professionalism Committee of the Ohio State Bar Association issues informal, non-binding advisory opinions on the application of the Ohio Rules of Professional Conduct. 9 Id. at 2 (citing Ohio Adv. Op. 99-2 (Ohio Bd. of Comm’rs on Grievances & Disc. Apr. 9, 1999)). 10 Id. at 2. 11 Id. (quoting Adv. Op. 2215, 2 (Wash. St. Br Rules of Prof ’l Cond. Comm. 2012)). 12 Model R. Prof ’l Cond. 5.3 cmt. [3]. 13 See Univ. of Akron Miller-Becker Ctr. for Prof ’l Respon., Navigating the Practice of Law in the Wake of Ethics 20/20 - Globalization, New Technologies, and What It Means to be a Lawyer in these Uncertain Times (Apr. 4-5, 2013) (examining Ethics 20/20’s work and its impact in Ohio and elsewhere), http://tinyurl.com/lblj6q8; Frank E. Quirk, “Lawyer Ethics for the 21st Century,” Ohio Lawyer, Jan. - Feb. 2013, at 19-21 (discussing Ethics 20/20, including possible future impact on ORPC). 14 OSBA Inf. Adv. Op. 2013-03 at 3 (quoting Ohio Adv. Op. 2009-6 (Aug. 14, 2009)). 15 Id. at 3 n. 2. Cited resources include: John Edwards, “How to Pick the Best Cloud,” Law Technology News (June 11, 2013), http://tinyurl.com/k77w2sg; Nicole Black & Matt Spiegel, “Breaking Down Cloud Computing,” ABA Section of Litigation (Feb. 7, 2013), www.ohiobar.org 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 http://tinyurl.com/ksaeww8; Am. Bar Ass’n, “Moving Your Law Practice to the Cloud Safely and Ethically” (Jan. 14, 2013), available at http:// tinyurl.com/kr3s2xw; Am. Bar Ass’n, “Evaluating Cloud-Computing Providers” (YourABA June 2012), http://tinyurl.com/l7b9wfh. See generally, Nick Pournader, “Embracing Technology’s ‘Cloudy’ Frontier,” Law Practice Today (webzine of ABA Law Practice Management Section) (Oct. 2010), http://tinyurl.com/k54f3gh. OSBA Inf. Avd. Op. 2013-03 at 4 n.2, 5. Id. at 4. Id. at 5. See Ohio Adv. Op. 2009-6, 9-10 (Ohio Bd. of Comm’rs on Grievances & Disc. Aug. 14, 2009) (even though communication may be susceptible to interception, no additional security method such as encryption required for e-mail; attorney must use professional judgment in protecting confidentiality). OSBA Inf. Adv. Op. 2013-03 at 5. Ohio Adv. Op. 2009-6 at 3. Id. at 8. OSBA Inf. Adv. Op. 2013-03 at 6. November/December 2013 Ohio Lawyer 15 Finances 101: Taking control of your financial future By Alana C. Jochum 16 Ohio Lawyer November/December 2013 www.ohiobar.org Today’s new lawyers may find themselves struggling under the burden of law school debt and the stresses of an increasingly competitive job market, but there are still important steps they can take to ensure their financial well-being. It is a fact of life: Law students are graduating with more debt than ever before— often layered on top of significant debt from undergrad—and fewer are getting legal jobs right out of school. Most legal jobs do not offer six-figure salaries, or at least not at the beginning. Even if it feels as though every penny is gone before it is earned, sticking your head in the sand about finances as a young lawyer is setting yourself up for disaster. This article is a guide to some of the financial basics to consider immediately on graduating and while establishing your career. It is for all income earners—whether you are in “big law” or getting started as a solo practitioner—and it is a longterm plan. The steps are listed in order of importance, but your plan should consider all of them simultaneously (e.g., focus on paying down credit cards while paying student loans). Even if you cannot contribute more than a few dollars each month toward these goals, the most important step is to start. Planning for the future should not take a back seat, even if your starting salary is low and your student debt is high. Make wise lifestyle choices After pinching pennies through undergrad and law school, it is tempting to want to splurge once you have a paying job. And if you are at a large firm, implicit or explicit pressure can make you feel as though you “need” a nicer car or suit or house to “look the part.” Resist it. Let your good work speak for itself, and take pride in your frugality. You do not need to deprive yourself of all luxuries, but being conscious about your purchases and why you www.ohiobar.org are making them when you do will help your financial well-being and will keep you grounded in a materialism-driven culture. If you do want to treat yourself with something pricey, save for it in advance and purchase it only when you can pay for it out of your savings. Pay off your credit cards Interest can be your friend, or it can be your enemy. If you have a credit card balance at the end of the month, it will hinder all your other financial goals. Average interest rates on credit cards range from 14 percent to 28 percent—a far higher rate than school or mortgage loans, and well-above average earnings in the stock market. Although credit cards can be a valuable tool, until you can—and do—pay off the balance at the end of each month they are holding you back from financial freedom. Eliminating credit card balances should be your top priority. Here are some ways you can do that. • Set up a payment plan. Identify all outstanding credit card balances you have, and pay the highest interestbearing balance off first (while paying at least the minimum amount on all balances you have). You should be paying much more than the minimum payment on this high-rate card—you are trying to eliminate its balance entirely. • Do not add to the balance. Put the credit card in a bowl of water in the freezer to literally “freeze” your spending or cut it up until the balance is paid off. By physically preventing access to the card, you reinforce your commitment to your goal. Use cash for your purchases in the interim to eliminate “pain free” credit card spending. • Once paid off, make your card work for you. Credit cards can help you earn airline miles, cash back, and other valuable rewards. Find a credit card with a low (or preferably no) annual fee, use it for your monthly purchases, and then pay the balance off each month. Consider the UPromise credit card, www. upromise.com, which gives you money back toward your student loans from your everyday purchases. Create an emergency fund This should be a separate account specifically set aside for emergencies—and upgrading to an iPhone 5 is not an emergency. Generally, this fund should have enough money to cover your expenses for three to six months (and some advisers suggest saving even more). Keep these savings liquid in a high-interest savings account, and pledge not to touch them except in true emergencies, such as unexpected repairs to a car, loss of a job or unanticipated medical bills. • Take advantage of online banking. Online banks often offer higher interest rates than traditional banks. Plus, because you can not visit the bank to make a withdrawal, they can reduce your temptation to access the funds while still being liquid enough for an emergency. November/December 2013 Ohio Lawyer 17 • Contribute each month until you make your goal. When you reach your emergency fund savings goal, celebrate! Then, because you are already used to making this monthly payment, put the payment towards a retirement account, student loan debt, or a brokerage account. Build your 401(k) The best way to make interest work for you is by saving early. Your 401(k) is money that you put away now before taxes which cannot be accessed (without paying a penalty) until age 59 ½. Your 401(k) funds can be invested in a variety of stock, bond, and money market plans to grow over the course of your lifetime to help prepare you for retirement. In 2013, the maximum yearly contribution that can be made to a 401(k) is $17,500 (about $730 per pre-tax paycheck on a bimonthly pay cycle). The benefit of funding your 401(k) is that you reduce your overall taxable income while stashing away valuable funds to grow over time. And because the money is automatically taken out from your paycheck before taxes, you will hardly notice it is missing. • Enroll in your employer’s 401(k) plan or open a Solo 401(k) if you are self-employed. Work with your HR representative to set up the account and begin deducting from your paycheck. If you are self-employed, you can open a Solo 401(k) with an asset management company, such as Fidelity or Vanguard. • Take advantage of employer matches. Many companies will match contributions you make to your 401(k) up to 8 percent or more of the maximum $17,500. If your employer matches contributions, at a minimum, contribute an amount that matches this rate. This is free money—even if you cannot contribute the full $17,500 per year, contribute enough to get the free match. Do not make the mistake of passing up this free money, even to pay down student debt! • Deduct the maximum if possible. By contributing as close to the maximum allowable each year, you gain the benefit of those extra years of tax-free compound interest to grow your balance. 18 Ohio Lawyer Tackle student loans intelligently Student loans are “good” debt in that they allowed us all to get the education that is our earning power. But they can seem formidable at first. Try these steps to reduce your balance and anxiety: • Do your homework. See if there is a governmental program that can reduce your debt based on your job and years of service. Check out www. studentaid.ed.gov/repay-loans/forgiveness-cancellation to see if you qualify for one of the many plans now available to cancel some or all of your debt after minimum payments are made. • Strategically pay off your loans. List out each student loan you have and rank them by interest rate. Whichever loan has the highest rate—regardless of the base principal amount—should be the loan you attack first. Pay just the minimum amount on all student loans you have, then pay more on the loan with the highest interest rate with extra cash after you have tackled steps 1-4 above. • Reduce your student loan interest rate. Some loan providers will reduce your interest rate by 0.25 percent or more if you sign up for automatic monthly payments. Call your loan servicer and enroll in their auto-pay program. It is free, and it will also prevent you from accidentally making a late payment, which can rack up fees. Open a brokerage account A brokerage account is an account with an asset management firm (think Fidelity, Charles Schwab, etc.) that allows you to invest that money in the financial markets. By investing in a brokerage account, you can grow your savings through stocks, bonds, and funds while keeping your assets more readily accessible (e.g., no penalty for early withdrawal like with a 401(k)). Specifically, consider an account through an investment firm dedicated to low investor fees, such as Vanguard. Compare rates of various funds by looking at the “expense ratio,” which is the fee you pay for management of the fund. Index funds, which try to track the stock market long-term rather than beat it, usually have much lower expense ratios than do highly managed mutual funds. Also consider ETFs, which can have even lower fees than index funds. Automatic investment November/December 2013 contributions can be set up for your account, and by committing to even a small automatic contribution—say, $10 to $50 per week—you will be amazed at how quickly your investment grows. The above outlines the fundamentals for young lawyers to reduce debt and build wealth. Even if you cannot contribute significantly to each area of the plan, start by setting up the accounts and making small contributions. Create a budget that includes these steps as part of your plan (www.mint.com has great budgeting tools) and stick to it. You do not need the highest salary to reach financial freedom—discipline and dedication to your goals will get you further than most. For more guidance on how to take practical steps now to secure your financial future, try these quick and interesting reads. • Millionaire Teacher: The Nine Rules of Wealth You Should Have Learned in School, Andrew Hallam (2011). • The Millionaire Next Door: The Surprising Secrets of America’s Wealthy, Thomas Stanley & William Danko (1996, 2010). • The 9 Steps to Financial Freedom: Practical and Spiritual Steps So You Can Stop Worrying, Suze Orman (2001). • The Truth About Money, Ric Edelman (1996, 1998, 2000). � Author bio Alana C. Jochum is an associate attorney at Squire Sanders (US) LLP. Her practice focuses on complex civil litigation, including product liability and commercial disputes. She also assists corporations in developing and implementing global compliance programs. www.ohiobar.org Inside OSBA Allowable self-study hours increasing Casemaker now includes Casecheck+ The number of CLE hours you may earn through self-study will increase from 6 to 12 starting on January 1, 2014. To meet the expanding self-study needs of Ohio lawyers, OSBA CLE launched a new Quick Webcast Series, increased our archived online CLE selection and put in place special bundled pricing that significantly reduces costs. Casecheck+ is a negative citator system that rivals Shepards and KeyCite. When you search Casemaker an icon appears next to each case to show whether that case has experienced any negative treatment. A green thumbs-up icon means the case is currently good law while a red thumbs-down icon means that a case has received negative treatment. For the best quality, selection and price, visit us at today at www.ohiobar.org/selfstudy. � To access Casemaker, go to www.ohiobar.org/casemaker. � Renew your OSBA membership for 2014 Thank you for supporting the Ohio State Bar Association this year! As we near the end of 2013 and another busy bar year, we are very excited for what 2014 will bring. We hope we can count on your continued support and participation. Your 2014 OSBA dues statement will be mailed in late November. Watch for more information in your email inbox or visit www.ohiobar.org/dues. Casecheck+ doesn’t stop there. It allows a close examination of the negative treatment itself. With this enhancement, Casemaker now provides you with a quick, easy and free way to be confident the cases you cite are good law. OSBA to begin certifying attorneys as specialists in elder law The Ohio State Bar Association is now accredited by the Supreme Court of Ohio Commission on Certification of Attorneys as Specialists to certify lawyers as specialists in elder law. For complete list of pre-approved CLE or eligibility information, including application deadlines, visit www.ohiobar.org/specialization or call Melissa Quick at (800) 282-6556 or (614)487-4411. � Renew prior to Dec. 31 and enjoy uninterrupted delivery of all your OSBA member benefits. Thank you for your continued support of the Ohio State Bar Association. � Todd Book joins OSBA Portsmouth native Todd Book is the Ohio State Bar Association’s new legislative counsel. Book’s duties include management, coordination and administration of the OSBA legislation and government relations program, through interaction with the Ohio General Assembly, administrative agencies of the state of Ohio and OSBA committees and sections. He will assist OSBA committees and sections in preparing their legislative proposals. Most recently, Book served as economic development director for Scioto County. He was also a partner in the firm of Harcha, Book & Beck, where he focused his practice on probate, estate planning, real estate and general litigation. In addition, he has worked in the Scioto County Prosecutor’s Office as an assistant prosecutor. Book, a former four-term member of the Ohio House of Representatives, was first elected in 2002. He served the 89th House District, which includes all of Scioto County, the western half of Lawrence County and the eastern half of Adams County in Southern Ohio, from 2003-2010. � www.ohiobar.org November/December 2013 Ohio Lawyer 19 Practice Tips The motion in limine as a Trojan horse by Mary Jane Trapp and Daniel T. Cronin It is mere days before trial. You have just received the defendant’s lengthy motion in limine seeking exclusion of all evidence related to your breach of contract claim, based on the statute of frauds. Essentially, the defendant has filed a dispositive motion under the guise of a motion in limine. The motion does not actually list any evidence to exclude; the defendant is actually looking for a judicial determination of a legal issue. Some motions in limine may even go on to seek dismissal. Maybe your opponent does not understand the limited purpose of motions in limine, but this tactic is sometimes employed to: • “Sand-bag” an issue to catch the opposition off-guard; • File a dispositive motion when trial is imminent, after avoiding the early cost of a motion for summary judgment with the hope of settlement; or • Remedy a failure to comprehend an important issue until fully immersed in the case. Since you are at trial’s threshold, how will you respond? While not specified in the civil rules or evidence rules, a motion in limine requests a ruling limiting the introduction of evidence during trial. The trial court’s authority to entertain a motion in limine is found in the court’s inherent authority to control the presentation of evidence.1 A motion in limine’s effect is to temporarily prohibit any reference to the evidence that is the subject of the motion.2 The appropriate use of the motion in limine A motion in limine is used to anticipate and avoid the introduction of prejudicial, irrelevant or inadmissible evidence at trial.3 Advocates may use a motion in limine in two different ways: as the equivalent of a motion to suppress evidence when evidence is neither competent nor proper, 20 Ohio Lawyer and as a means of raising objection to an area of inquiry to prevent prejudicial questions and statements until the admissibility of the questionable evidence can be determined by the court outside the presence of the jury.4 The Trojan horse motion in action However, some attempt to use a motion in limine to dispose of some or all of the opposition’s claims without complying with the rules of practice and procedure. But “a motion in limine cannot properly be used as a vehicle to circumvent the requirements of the Civil Rules.”5 For example, in Vitanza v. First National Supermarkets, Inc., a wrongful discharge case, the defendants filed motions in limine to exclude evidence of emotional distress, claiming plaintiffs were unable to produce any evidence of outrageous conduct or severe emotional distress.6 The court granted these motions and then sua sponte dismissed plaintiffs’ emotional distress claim. On appeal, plaintiffs argued that the court improperly dismissed that claim, since the outrageousness of the conduct was a factual determination that should have been determined by a jury. The appellate court found that the dismissal of the emotional distress claim was improper since there was no pending motion seeking such relief, and probably more importantly, no notice of the intent to dismiss was given to the affected party.7 The court observed that “a motion in limine cannot be used as a substitute for a dispositive motion.”8 While the sufficiency of evidence can be challenged in a variety of other ways, “[i]n no case can a motion in limine be used to exclude evidence based on the argument that the evidence is legally insufficient to support a claim or defense.” 9 Ultimately, the Vitanza court found the error harmless based on the lack of evidence available to support the claim for relief, however, the defendants still bore November/December 2013 the cost of defending the appeal because of the procedural impropriety. Similarly, in Lin v. Gatehouse Construction Company, the trial court granted the dismissal requested via a motion in limine.10 The appellate court reversed, finding that “[e]ven if the court had a proper basis to dismiss these claims, the appropriate vehicle to do so was a motion for dismissal, not a motion in limine. Clearly, an evidentiary motion is not the proper way to dismiss those causes of action not otherwise settled by the parties.”11 While an amendment to the rules of practice and procedure or a local rule banning the use of motions in limine as dispositive motions could potentially be enacted, a new rule would offer no real solution to this problem. It is always going to be left to the judge to determine whether a motion in limine addresses a proper subject (the admissibility of evidence) or whether it is a subterfuge. Instead, advocates should ask the court to look to the substance of a motion over its form.12 Simply put, argue that the motion in limine is being put to an improper use, as was done in Miller v. Miller & Miller Accountants, Inc., for example, where the court determined that the sua sponte grant of a directed verdict based on the tellingly titled “motion in limine to dismiss” was improper since the timing of Civil Rule 50 was not observed.13 Just as the wily Greeks slipped into Troy by hiding inside of a wooden horse, your opponent may try to pass off a belated dispositive motion by calling it a motion in limine. Whether you choose to respond substantively to the arguments raised in the motion, or raise a procedural argument regarding the timing of the motion, do not neglect to argue that a motion in limine is only meant to be a mechanism to preliminarily prohibit certain evidence, and cannot be used as a second attempt to dispose of a key portion of the opposition’s case. � www.ohiobar.org Author bios Endnotes Mary Jane Trapp is of counsel to Thrasher, Dinsmore & Dolan, L.P.A., joining the firm after her service on the Ohio Court of Appeals. Her practice focuses on mediation and arbitration services at the pre-trial, post-trial and appellate stages, appellate consulting services, including trial court record review and case evaluation, brief review and writing, and mock oral arguments, and appellate and trial advocacy in all areas of complex civil and criminal litigation in state and federal courts. Daniel T. Cronin is an associate with Thrasher, Dinsmore & Dolan, L.P.A., where he advises his clients on commercial litigation and corporate matters. 1 See Ohio Evid. R. 611(A); State v. Lundy, 41 Ohio App.3d 163, 165 (1st Dist. 1987). 2 State v. Grubb, 28 Ohio St.3d 199, 201 (1986); State v. Holland, 5th Dist. Stark No. 2011 CA 00104, 2012-Ohio-486, 2012 WL 424960, ¶15; Aerosol Sys., Inc. v. Wells Fargo Alarm Serv., 127 Ohio App. 3d 486, 496 (8th Dist. 1998). 3 Tabitha N.S. v. Zimmerman, 6th Dist. Lucas No. L-06-1252, 2008-Ohio-1639, 2008 WL 901466, ¶ 37; Rinehart v. Toledo Blade Co., 21 Ohio App.3d 274, 278 (3rd Dist. 1985). 4 Nozik v. McDonald, 11th Dist. Lake No. 97-L-235, 1999 WL 454503, *9 (June 25, 1999) (citation omitted); Riverside Methodist Hospital Assoc. of Ohio v. Guthrie, 3 Ohio App.3d 308, 310 (10th Dist. 1982). 5 Bruckner v. Taddie, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 64567, 1994 WL 66455, *3 (Mar. 3, 1994); Krejci v. Halak, 34 Ohio App.3d 1, 4 (8th Dist. 1986). 6 Vitanza v. First Nat’l Supermarkets, Inc., 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 62906, 1993 WL 226576 (June 24, 1993). 7 (Essentially found by the court to be either an Ohio Civil Rule 12(B)(6) or 12(C) dismissal.) 8 Vitanza at *7. 9 See, e.g., Ohio Civil Rules 12(B)(6), 12(C), 56, 50(A), 50(B), or 59; Vitanza at *7. 10 Lin v. Gatehouse Construction Co., 84 Ohio App. 3d 96, 104-05 (8th Dist. 1992). 11Id. 12 City of Cuyahoga Falls v. Federspiel, 9th Dist. Summit No. 12540, 1986 WL 9903, *2 (Sept. 10, 1986) (citation omitted). 13 Miller v. Miller & Miller Accountants, Inc., 5th Dist. Richland No. 99CA18-2, 2000 WL 329814, *2 (Mar. 6, 2000). It’s Monday, the First Day of the Rest of Your Life. Too bad last Friday was the last day to file the Bergstrom motion. Did you know that missing deadlines continues to be one of the most common mistakes leading to malpractice claims? The failure to file a document is the second most common alleged error and the failure to calendar properly was the fifth most common mistake leading to a malpractice claim*. A dual calendaring system which includes a firm or team networked calendar should be used by every member of your firm. At Minnesota Lawyers Mutual we don’t just sell you a policy. We work hard to give you the tools and knowledge necessary to reduce your risk of a malpractice claim. We invite you to give us a call at 800-422-1370 or go online at www.mlmins.com and find out for yourself what we mean when we say, “Protecting your practice is our policy.” * American Bar Association Standing Committee on Lawyers’ Professional Liability. (2008). Profile of Legal Malpractice Claims, 2004-2007. Chicago, IL: Haskins, Paul and Ewins, Kathleen Marie. 800.422.1370 www.ohiobar.org R www.mlmins.com November/December 2013 Life - Ohio Lawyer 2010 Ohio Lawyer 21 Statehouse Connection Ohio LAWPAC: Invest in good government As members of the legal community, we have an important stake in how laws are crafted, drafted and enacted in the Ohio General Assembly. Regardless of your practice area, your ability to serve your clients can be significantly impacted by the action of our state lawmakers. the application of the law as it effects our citizens in their daily lives. OSBA encourages lawyers to seek legislative office and we assist them with contributions for their campaigns. We also assist nonlawyer legislators who share our common goals and objectives as noted above. Fortunately, you have an important voice representing your interests at the Ohio Statehouse. That voice is your Ohio State Bar Association. No other legal professional association is as dedicated to representing the diverse interests of our profession in promoting improvement in the law and advancing the administration of justice. We are acknowledged by local, state and national organizations for our zealous advocacy in preserving and enhancing the Rule of Law. Over the past 35 years, your government relations professionals including Bob Fletcher, Greg Finnerty, Steve Stover, Mary Amos Augsburger and Todd Book have demonstrated exemplary leadership in advancing the legislative program of the Association through collaboration with OSBA committees and sections, diverse professional and trade organizations, and the members of the Ohio General Assembly. The OSBA legislative program is highly respected. Each session achieves a success rate of 90 percent of its legislation proposed and is regularly called upon to assist and facilitate on matters pertaining to the justice system. A significant amount of the law pertaining to corporate, business, probate, domestic relations and real property is the result of the hard work of our committees and sections that develop legislative proposals and submit them for consideration by the Council of Delegates. The Council of Delegates is the OSBA-elected body responsible for vetting proposals from committees and sections to address improvement in the law and administration of justice. Our members appear regularly as witnesses before legislative committees where they share their expertise to assist in the development of the legislative proposals. I can tell you without hesitation that our members are highly regarded, and people listen. An integral part of our legislative efforts in the Ohio General Assembly is OHIO LAWPAC, the OSBA’s political action committee. Administered by a fivemember board of trustees appointed by the OSBA Board of Governors, OHIO LAWPAC provides financial assistance to candidates for the Ohio General Assembly who share the objectives and goals of the Association, those being commitment to the improvement of the law and the administration of justice. OHIO LAWPAC makes contributions only to candidates for the Ohio General Assembly. It does not make contributions to candidates for statewide, local or federal office or for judicial candidates. Contributions are also made to the respective legislative caucuses in a bipartisan manner. As we have noted over the years, lawyerlegislators play a vital role in the legislative process, bringing with them experience in 22 Ohio Lawyer Running for office in the Ohio General Assembly is expensive. Maintaining district offices and communicating with constituents require resources. That is why OHIO LAWPAC tries to assist our friends. Effective OSBA participation in the legislative process depends on your support. Your OSBA dues statement contains a recommended $25 contribution to OHIO LAWPAC. Yes, the Board of Governors recommended an increase from $15 to $25 after all these years. The contribution is purely voluntary and you must add it on to your dues. Only checks (payments) from individuals, partnerships, LPAs, LLCs, and LLPs may be accepted. By law, corporations, not-for-profit corporations and labor unions cannot make contributions to a political action committee. Contributions to OHIO LAWPAC are not deductible for federal income tax purposes. November/December 2013 by William Weisenberg The credit available on the Ohio income tax return does not apply to political action committees. Your support for OHIO LAWPAC is important! Please consider making a contribution when you receive your 2014 dues statement. If you have any questions, please call me direct at (614) 487-4474 or on my cell at (614) 582-7570. Or you can email me at [email protected]. Personal note In September, I notified the OSBA officers and Board of Governors that I will be retiring from full-time employment on June 30, 2014. At that time, I will have celebrated my 70th birthday and 35 years of full-time service with this great association. To say it has been a privilege and honor to work with and for you would be an understatement. There will never be enough time to talk about all the highlights, but more importantly the friendship. However, I will not be leaving completely, as I will be serving in a consultant capacity to our executive director Mary Amos Augsburger, our officers and with special projects. I am not going away that fast! As you all know, my passion is the cause of justice, adequate resources for our courts and the assurance of access to justice for all our citizens. A free and democratic society cannot sustain itself and flourish if justice for all is not pursued and accomplished. Being able to continue this quest in a more normal work schedule is a goal shared by my family, my OSBA colleagues and me. I plan to see you all in the months and years ahead, albeit in a different capacity. Thank you for all you do in the pursuit of justice and thank you for all you have done for me. You have been and will always be an important part of my life; in fact, part of my family. � William K. Weisenberg is the Ohio State Bar Association assistant executive director for public affairs, government relations and diversity initiatives. www.ohiobar.org Has the Affordable Care Act left you confused, frustrated or full of unanswered questions? We can help. Here’s how: For individuals, we can: • Lock an underwritten plan into place with an effective date prior to 1/1/14; • Quote for 1/1/14 and thereafter on and off exchange; • Calculate exchange subsidies for open enrollment period which expires 3/31/14; and • Submit for 2014 business once the federal exchange and individual carrier portals are up and running efficiently. For groups, we can: • Lock an underwritten plan into place with an effective date prior to 1/1/14, and • Calculate, quote and submit for 2014 business once all plan designs and premiums have been approved and listed, and the federal exchange and individual carrier portals are up and running efficiently. You don’t have to do this alone. We can help you make sense of the new marketplace and determine what coverage is the best fit for your specific situation. Don’t leave it up to a website, contact us today! Danna Blackburn & Tammy Thornton The OSBA Insurance Agency, Inc. (614) 572-0616 or (855) 745-9222 We also offer: Disability Life Long-term Care Professional Liability www.ohiobar.org November/December 2013 Ohio Lawyer 23 Foundation News Videos showcase work of 2011 Fellows for youth Going to court is unsettling, especially for youth with exceptional needs. Teaching youth with autism or other developmental disabilities about their legal rights and courtroom procedures is a unique challenge. The Ohio State Bar Foundation’s 2011 Fellows Class accepted that challenge. The OSBF Fellows, working with experts in the field of developmental disabilities, have developed a video series titled O.P.E.N. Court (Orienting young People with Exceptional Needs about Court) to prepare these youth if and when they become involved in the juvenile justice system. Two years of hard—and extremely relevant—work was showcased on Oct. 2, when the videos were premiered in Columbus for an audience of juvenile judges, OSBF Board members, Ohio Department of Education workers, 2011 Class Members, and specialists in the field of developmental disabilities. The videos and supplemental materials are now available on www. osbf.com/opencourt. The verdict is in: This project will make a difference in the lives of many. For additional information about O.P.E.N.Court contact Beth Gillespie at [email protected]. � Henry, a fictional teen with autism who is accused of stealing an iPad from a store, begins the story. The first interactive video addresses Henry’s rights after being accused, while the second and third videos follow Henry to court as he learns about court procedures and appropriate court behavior. Filmed at the Delaware County Juvenile Court, professional actors and volunteers tell Henry’s story. OSBF Class Fellows play supporting roles in this project of three seven-minute videos that can stand alone or be viewed all together. Although these videos can apply to all young people, they target the emotional and practical issues often faced by young people with developmental disabilities. Andie Ryley, an autism specialist who worked with the class, says, “The Fellows have done groundbreaking work. Nothing like these videos exists. They provide a guide for teachers, parents, attorneys, social-service professionals, and court personnel in working with these youth during a stressful situation.” In addition, the Fellows created a video discussion guide, a communication tip sheet, resource links, court-related vocabulary and supplemental graphics to engage caregivers and facilitators in best practices as they protect the rights and responsibilities of these youth during their “day in court.” HONOR. REMEMBER. CELEBRATE. You can give thanks this holiday season with a tribute gift to the OSBF that supports our statewide grants to law-related nonprofits and programs. Tribute gifts are a simple and meaningful way to say “Thank You,” “I Remember” or “Congratulations” in honor of esteemed colleagues, special friends or family. Dedicate your tax-deductible gift today at osbf.net and click “Donate Now” or call (614) 487-4477. IN HONOR OF 24 Fellows Nominations Hon. Stuart A. Friedman Dennis G. Terez Recognize Excellence Extend the Honor Fellows Nominations due December 15 Visit osbf.net/who-we-are/fellows or Contact Beth Gillespie at (614) 487-4474 IN MEMORY OF Ohio Lawyer November/December 2013 Hon. Peggy L. Bryant Heather G. Sowald Diane Hatcher Ohio Association for Court Administrators � *Received July 15, 2013 – Sept.15, 2013 www.ohiobar.org now includes Casemaker, the OSBA’s online legal research service, now includes free access to Casecheck+—a negative citator system that rivals Shepards and KeyCite. Previously available only by subscription, Casecheck+ allows members to quickly determine if a case is still good law. When you search Casemaker, an icon appears next to each case to show whether that case has experienced any negative treatment. A green thumbs-up icon means the case is currently good law while a red thumbs-down icon means that a case has received negative treatment. There is now no need for OSBA members to pay hundreds … even thousands of dollars per month for citator services. Simply access Casemaker; another valuable benefit of membership in the OSBA. www.ohiobar.org/casemaker. www.ohiobar.org November/December 2013 Ohio Lawyer 25 Did You Know? Soliciting potential clients by text message is no “lol” matter by Chuck Ticknor and Nita Hanson The evolution of technology has changed the way attorneys do business, yet the waters have been muddied by debates over proper and ethical uses of that technology in carrying out their responsibilities. However, a recent opinion from the Ohio Supreme Court Board of Grievances and Discipline has offered some clarity on the use of technology, specifically as it relates to the solicitation of clients. In August 2012, an attorney’s teenage daughter was a passenger in a car that hit another from behind. Less than 24 hours later, the teenager received a text message solicitation from a local attorney suggesting she may need his services. Incensed by what was perceived as an improper communication, her parent sought guidance from the board. Recognizing that perhaps the Ohio Professional Conduct Rules lagged behind technology, the board asked for a formal request for an advisory opinion on the issue: May Ohio lawyers use text messages to solicit professional employment from prospective clients? On April 5, 2013, the board issued Advisory Opinion 2013-2, “Direct Contact with Prospective Clients: Text Messages.” The short answer is yes. Lawyers may advertise their services through SMS text messages, which are written and/or electronic communication for purposes of Prof.Cond.R. 7.2(a). The message must comply with Prof.Cond.R. 7.1 and 7.3. The text must not contain a false, misleading or nonverifiable communication about the lawyer or the lawyer’s services. Prof.Cond.R. 7.3 imposes five additional requirements that apply to text message advertising by lawyers: • The text message cannot create a “real-time” interaction similar to an Internet chat room; • The text message may not involve coercion, duress, or harassment, and the lawyer must abide by a person’s request not to receive solicitations; • If the lawyer has a reasonable belief that the prospective client is in need of legal services in a participate matter, the text message must state how the lawyer learned of the need for legal services, include the language “ADVERTISING MATERIAL” OR “ADVERTISEMENT ONLY” at both the beginning and ending of the message, and cannot offer a case evaluation or prediction of the outcome; • If the prospective client is a defendant in a civil case, the lawyer shall verify that the person has been served; and • Text message solicitations sent within 30 days of an accident or disaster must include, in the body of the text message, the entire “Understanding Your Rights” statement contained in Prof.Cond.R. 7.3(e). Text messages are not “real-time” typically The board found that a text message solicitation of a prospective client is not an in-person communication, and although it may be initiated with a cellular phone, would not ordinarily be considered a “live telephone” conversation. The board’s view is that a standard text message is more akin to an email than a chat room communication. Accordingly, a typical text message is not a “real-time” electronic contact. However, lawyers must ensure that the technology used to solicit clients using text messages does not generate a real-time or live conversation. In addition, because most text messages are received on cellular phones, which are often carried on one’s person, lawyers should be sensitive to the fact that a text message may be perceived as more invasive than an email. “Understanding Your Rights” statement The board expressed concern that due to the limited number of characters available in a standard text message (typically 160 characters), including the entire “Understanding Your Rights” statement may cause the message to be split into multiple messages; or worse, fail to transmit in its entirety. The board found that including an Internet link in the message to the statement was not sufficient. Likewise, including a photographic attachment of the statement fails to satisfy Rule 7.3(e). As with any solicitation sent within 30 days of an accident or disaster, it is the lawyer’s 26 Ohio Lawyer November/December 2013 www.ohiobar.org duty to ensure communication of the full statement—not just hit “send” and hope for the best. Three things to consider before soliciting a potential client by text message The board identified three practical considerations for a lawyer who chooses to directly solicit prospective clients using text message. First, the text message should not create a cost to the prospective client. Because not every service plan includes free or unlimited text messaging, and significant cost may be incurred if the recipient is traveling internationally when the text is received, unless the lawyer can verify that a text message solicitation will not result in a cost to the prospective client, the lawyer should use “Free to End User” or similar technology by which the initiator of the message is responsible for the cost of both delivery and receipt. In other words, one should not pay for the privilege of receiving the solicitation. Author bios Chuck Ticknor is a partner in Dinsmore & Shohl’s Litigation Department and serves as the managing partner of the firm’s Columbus office. Ticknor has more than two decades experience representing clients in litigation and dispute resolution matters at the federal, state and local levels. Nita Hanson is a member of Dinsmore & Shohl’s Litigation Department. Hanson has a breadth of knowledge and experience in complex litigation including the formation and implementation of specific strategies in trial in both state and federal courts in Ohio, and around the country. Second, the lawyer should consider the age of the recipient of the text message. Lawyers who obtain phone numbers from police or accident reports should attempt to verify that the numbers do not belong to minors before sending a text message solicitation. Although Prof.Cond.R. 7.3 does not explicitly prohibit the direct solicitation of minors, the board discourages it. The Rules Committee has been asked to consider proposing an amendment to the Rules of Professional Conduct that would address direct contact with prospective clients who are minors. Third, before a lawyer solicits a prospective client using text message, the lawyer should carefully scrutinize the message and delivery mechanism to ensure compliance with all applicable federal and state laws, rules, and regulations pertaining to telemarketing laws. This may include consumer protection rules prohibiting the number of text messages sent by an autodialer to a cellular phone, the federal CAN-SPAM Act and the requirements to abide by the federal “Do Not Call” provisions. Back to the future Based on Advisory Opinion 2013-2, the lawyer who solicited the teenager failed miserably in his ethical obligations. While the message contained a statement that it was a solicitation and identified the lawyer sending the message, the entire “Statement of Your Rights” was not transmitted. And, remember—the text message was sent within 24 hours of the accident. Despite the fact that teen’s age was listed in the box right next to the telephone number, the solicitation was sent to a minor without even seeking the opportunity to communicate with a parent or guardian. The lawyer did not know whether the text would result in a cost to the recipient. But, in all fairness, he may have used “Free to End User” or similar technology. The number where the solicitation text was sent is listed on the federal “Do Not Call List.” The board opined that while text messaging may be a novel approach to client solicitation, their ethical review was actually a straightforward application of the Rules of Professional Conduct. Here’s hoping that most lawyers are making better application of the rules than the one encountered by the attorney’s teenage daughter. � Technology makes eDiscovery possible. People make eDiscovery happen. A major university involved in a high profile case needed to collect data from over 80 webmail and social media accounts on a tight deadline. Other companies said it couldn’t be done. We did it, developing a custom process and application that not only satisfied the court, but saved the university thousands of dollars. DSi continually invests in technology so these kind of realitydefying feats are possible. But our people make it happen. And it’s people – not just corporations or law firms – that we serve. We never forget that. DSicovery.com | 877-797-4771 This article was originally published by the Columbus Bar Association. www.ohiobar.org November/December 2013 Ohio Lawyer 27 Books & Bytes Book review The Double V: How Wars, Protest, and Harry Truman Desegregated America’s Military, by Rawn James Jr. 290 pages. New York, NY: Bloomsbury Press. 2013. Illus. $28.00. Rawn James Jr., a lawyer practicing in the District of Columbia, traces the status of blacks in the American armed forces from colonial days through President Harry Truman’s administration in his book, The Double V: How Wars, Protest, and Harry Truman Desegregated America’s Military. Revolutionary War leader George Washington, a slaveholder himself, worried that “Providing military training to freed black men would lead to an armed slave insurrection.” For decades, the fear of teaching blacks how to fight to defend their country relegated them to serve as stewards, cooks and menial laborers, even for those enlisted with college degrees. During the Great War, when heavy casualties in the French army depleted their ranks, the French were eager to accept black reinforcements from the Americans. U.S. Army General John Pershing admonished the French military, warning them about their use of black troops overseas, “We must prevent the rise of any pronounced degree of intimacy between French officers and black officers … We must not eat with them, must not shake hands or seek to talk or meet with them outside the requirements of military service. We must not commend too highly the black American troops, particularly in the presence of Americans.” The irony of blacks fighting during the Great War for democracy overseas while being denied the very freedoms they fought to achieve in foreign lands were revived during the Second World War. The book’s title, The Double V, refers to the phrase coined during WWII in which “Black Americans and their allies of all races would fight for victory overseas and victory at home.” Harry Truman, as a Missouri Senator, had gained national fame during WWII by investigating war profiteering. His project, dubbed the Truman Committee, “changed Truman’s reputation from that of a political machine’s flack to an official intent on protecting the taxpayers’ dollars by eliminating waste and corruption from government contracts.” The work of the Truman Committee conspicuously omitted studies into the race-based practices of the defense and military industry. The deliberate omission would haunt him during his 1948 bid for the presidency, as Republicans pounced on Truman’s silence on civil rights in an effort to court the Negro vote. James struggles with being able to identify why Truman, with unabashed southern sympathizers in his family and Truman’s own racist comments, took the giant leap of proclaiming an end to a segregated American military. “It is impossible to discern precisely when President Truman decided to desegregate the armed forces, but it may have been on the morning he learned of the blinding of Isaac Woodard.” Woodard, a black WWII 28 Ohio Lawyer November/December 2013 veteran, was beaten and blinded during a bus ride by local South Carolina law enforcement officials. Reports of the vicious, unprovoked attack on Woodward alarmed Truman. James suggests that Truman’s move toward integrating the military ranks was not so much attributed to a spiritual or emotional epiphany, but also a calculated political decision. White House counsel and future Secretary of Defense Clark Clifford, in a prescient late 1947 memorandum to Truman analyzing the upcoming 1948 presidential election, advised the president, “Unless there are now real efforts (as distinguished from mere political gestures which are today thoroughly understood and strongly resented by sophisticated Negro leaders), the Negro bloc which, certainly in Illinois and probably in New York and Ohio, does hold the balance of power, will go Republican.” (Ohio did side with Truman, who beat Republican Thomas Dewey by barely 7,000 votes.) As commander in chief, Truman issued Executive Order 9981 in the summer of 1948 in the midst of his reelection battle. The executive order stated, in part, that “It is hereby declared to be the policy of the President that there shall be equality of treatment and opportunity for all persons in the armed services without regard to race, color, religion, or national origin.” By releasing the presidential edict rather than pushing for federal legislation, Truman was able to circumvent a congressional vote and avoid further alienating Southern Democrats. The Double V is a discomforting, but enlightening, book to read. The countless incidents of racism perpetuated for decades by the U.S. military and political leadership are staggering. The bizarre discussion about the refusal of the military and American Red Cross to allow mixed blood transfusions between the races during wartime is worthy of another book. Interestingly, Truman’s executive order conspicuously omitted any reference to ending gender discrimination in the armed forces. That topic is another book too. � —Bradley S. Le Boeuf Akron Mediation Arbitration Richard B. McQuade Jr. Former United States Judge 419.265.1107 [email protected] www.mcquademediation.com www.ohiobar.org Grab a CLE six-pack today and save big on self-study How can you save $170 with a single click? Take advantage of the OSBA Six-Pack— a bundle of six one-hour courses specifically tailored to Ohio law, with the convenience of stay-at-home seminars and the unmatched quality of OSBA CLE. Maximize your six-hour self-study CLE allowance with an OSBA Six-Pack in one of the following practice areas: • Appellate Practice • Business Law • Criminal Law • Elder Law • Family Law • Labor and Employment Law • Ohio Asset and Legacy Trust Institute • Probate and Estate Planning • Real Property • Trial and Litigation • Family Law • Workers’ Compensation Six hours for just $99 (member price, expires Nov. 15, 2013) For more information or to register, visit www.OhioBar.org/sixpack. www.ohiobar.org November/December 2013 Ohio Lawyer 29 Member Benefits Take advantage of OSBA practice tools According to the American Bar Association’s 2012 Legal Technology Survey Report released in July 2012, 89 percent of attorneys reported using a smartphone for law-related tasks while away from their primary workplace. As for tablets, such as the iPad, 33 percent of lawyers said they used a tablet computer this year for law-related tasks while away from their primary workplace, which is up considerably from just 15 percent in 2011. While this technology might be changing the way you practice, the OSBA also believes it can change the way you interact with your Association. There are two member benefits that the OSBA is particularly excited to offer that cater to both smartphones and tablets—the OSBA Report Online and the OSBA eBook Library. OSBA Report Online and app The OSBA Report Online takes the familiar green book and turns it into a daily or weekly index of Ohio case summaries through a customizable email and mobile-enabled website. The OSBA Report Online is available as a daily or a weekly email—you get to choose which option you prefer. You can even choose which practice areas and courts you want to include. The Report also features breaking OSBA and legal news and the latest job listings from our online career center. Case summaries are 30 Ohio Lawyer November/December 2013 available six to nine weeks sooner than they appear in the print version—a feature that could prove invaluable when preparing for a case. The OSBA Report Online won a 2012 National Association of Bar Executives (NABE) Luminary Award for excellence in electronic publications during the NABE Communications Workshop in Denver, Colo. There is also an OSBA Report mobile app for iPhone and Android devices that offers all of the features of the email and the website, and it is always there on your phone, ready when you are. OSBA CLE eBook Library Another exciting new member benefit is the Ohio State Bar Association eBook Library. OSBA members who have registered for at least one live CLE seminar have access to all of the eBooks in the library, which includes eBooks from all CLE seminars, district meetings and convention seminars. Available formats include pdf, epub (for use with most e-readers) and mobi (for Kindles). The library currently includes more than 220 books and is fully searchable by author, title, contents and practice area. Check out the library at www.ohiobar.org/ebook. To learn more about these member benefits, go to www.ohiobar.org/agooddecision. � www.ohiobar.org Member News Chardon In Memoriam Honorable Tim Grendell, Geauga County Probate/Juvenile Court Judge, has been named to the Legislative Committee of the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges. Kimberly A Kohli, 43 Cincinnati Howard F. Breitholle, 88 Cincinnati Feb. 11, 2013 Jonathan C. Bennie, Barron, Peck, Bennie & Schlemmer Co., LPA, has been selected to receive the Ohio State Bar Foundation Community Service Award for Attorneys 40 & Under. Clayton G. Napier, 66 Hamilton Aug. 14, 2013 David H. Lefton, Barron, Peck, Bennie & Schlemmer Co., LPA, has been elected division secretary of the American Bar Association General Practice, Solo and Small Firm Division. Douglas Dean MacGillivray, 77 Liberty May 11, 2012 Bellefontaine Sept. 9, 2013 � Cleveland Andrew G. Fiorella, Ulmer & Berne LLP, has been elected to board of directors of The Music Settlement. James N. Kline, Ulmer & Berne LLP, has received the OACTA 2013 Frank Seth Hurd Member of the Year Award. Jennifer Stueber, Tucker Ellis LLP, has been elected board chair of Project Learn. Columbus Beatrice Wolper, Emens & Wolper Law Firm, has been selected to receive the International Women’s Forum Award. � x x x www.ohiobar.org November/December 2013 Ohio Lawyer 31 Sustaining Members The following Ohio State Bar Association members have made financial contributions to the Association beyond payment of their annual dues. The OSBA thanks these members and recognizes them as sustaining members for their generous contributions to the organized bar of Ohio. Contributions given by the sustaining members are used to further the goals of the OSBA and to fund programs that help improve the administration of justice in Ohio. All OSBA members owe them a debt of gratitude for their meritorious support of the legal profession. Daniel N. Abraham Columbus Henry D. Acciani Cincinnati Beverly A. Adamczyk Parma Heights James R. Addison Marietta Judge Ronald B. Adrine Cleveland Casimir T. Adulewicz Steubenville William F. Aigler Bellevue Steven W. Albert Shaker Heights David W. Alexander Columbus Charles F. Allbery Dayton Patrick W. Allen Franklin John M. Alton Columbus Sandra J. Anderson Dublin Robert M. Anspach Toledo Jeffrey R. Appelbaum Cleveland James C. Aranda Lancaster Richard M. Arceci Sagamore Hills Randall S. Arndt Columbus Kemper D. Arnold Independence James B. Aronoff Cleveland Stanley P. Aronson Akron Keith A. Ashmus Cleveland Gary W. Auman Dayton Sue N. Averill Kent Gerald J. Babbitt Columbus 32 Ohio Lawyer David F. Bacon Upper Sandusky Jerome R. Bahlmann Columbus Todd H. Bailey Cincinnati Gerald L. Baker Canton Jeffrey S. Bakst Cincinnati David G. Bale Westerville John R. Ball Sandusky Kathleen A. Ballenger Columbus Hugh Barnett Springfield Robert B. Barnett Columbus Joseph J. Barone Westerville Joyce E. Barrett Cleveland John C. Bartram Marion Richard W. Bashein Cleveland William C. Bashein Cleveland Charles H. Bean Saint Clairsville Otto Beatty Jr. Columbus Linden J. Beck Carey Dennis A. Becker Loveland Michael R. Becker Columbus John C. Beeler Columbus Robert J. Behal Bexley James E. Behrens Cleveland Lee E. Belardo Avon David A. Belinky Columbus November/December 2013 Joseph A. Benavidez Lima Mary K. Bender Chardon Franklin S. Bennett Canfield Steven A. Bennett San Antonio, TX James H. Berick Cleveland Bruce D. Bernard Worthington Louis R. Bertrand Ravenna April L. Besl Cincinnati Dianna L. Bessemer Mansfield Valerie J. Best Washington, DC Robert C. Bianchi Seven Hills Pamela K. Billmaier Monclova Dan J. Binau Columbus William R. Biviano Warren R. Jeffrey Bixler Toledo Rodney R. Blake Jr. Huntsville Anna M. Blankemeyer Ottawa David S. Bloomfield Columbus Sally W. Bloomfield Columbus John H. Boggs Toledo Robert W. Boich Columbus Samuel G. Bolotin Toledo Thomas J. Bonasera Columbus William D. Bonezzi Saint Petersburg, FL Sandra E. Booth Columbus Phyllis G. Bossin Cincinnati Richard A. Boucher Dayton Nicholas A. Bourne Youngstown John E. Bowers Circleville Katherine D. Brandt New York, NY Stephen D. Brandt Dayton Dwight D. Brannon Dayton Michael Braunstein New Albany Kenneth A. Bravo South Euclid James M. Brennan Dayton Andrew G. Bresko Canfield Timothy T. Brick Cleveland Douglas M. Bricker Columbus G. Ross Bridgman Columbus Peter J. Brodhead Cleveland Margo E. Broehl Wooster Paula L. Brooks Columbus Richard D. Brooks Columbus Douglas B. Brown Chardon Robert H. Brown Akron Stephen J. Brown Medina William J. Browning Worthington C. Richard Brubaker Novelty Rick L. Brunner Columbus Stephen R. Buchenroth Columbus www.ohiobar.org James T. Buck Fort Mill, SC Daniel J. Buckley Cincinnati Robert W. Buechner Cincinnati Judge Kathleen B. Burke Akron Bruce H. Burkholder Columbus Donald Butler Cleveland Jack C. Butler Powell Thomas P. Butler Punta Gorda, FL John R. Butz Springfield Paul A. Caimi Chagrin Falls J. Philip Calabrese Cleveland John B. Caldwell West Union Hon. James S. Callender Jr. Mentor Donald E. Caravona Cleveland Leonard A. Carlson Columbus John A. Carnahan Columbus Timothy D. Carnahan Cleveland James C. Carpenter Columbus Walter E. Carson Columbia, MD Anna M. Carulas Cleveland Albert D. Cash Cincinnati Samuel G. Casolari Cleveland Robert L. Caspar Dayton Michael A. Catanzaro Springfield W. Jeffrey Cecil Naples, FL Louis A. Chaiten Cleveland James J. Chalfie Cincinnati Howard S. Chapman Bedford Stephen E. Chappelear Columbus Richard A. Chase Toledo www.ohiobar.org Michael J. Cheselka Cleveland Mark R. Chilson Dayton James W. Chin Cleveland Mario C. Ciano Cleveland Alphonse P. Cincione Columbus Michael L. Cioffi Cincinnati Mary J. Clair Willoughby Daniel T. Clancy Westlake Amanda J. Clapp Stow Charles F. Clarke Cleveland Hts. Sandra W. Cleaver Canton John M. Cloud Dayton Shirley A. Cochran Reynoldsburg Leland D. Cole Akron Leo R. Collins Mentor Tim L. Collins Cleveland Brooks A. Compton Dayton Donald M. Compton Kettering Carol A. Contrada Sylvania Charles V. Contrada Sylvania W. Michael Conway Kettering Colleen E. Cook Marietta David R. Cook Fairview Park Thom L. Cooper Centerburg Ronald M. Cooperman Toledo Jon M. Cope Columbus William V. Corban Granville Stuart W. Cordell Ashtabula Joseph G. Corsaro Westlake Richard L. Cory Bucyrus Steven C. Couch Columbus Anthony G. Covatta Cincinnati Jeffrey T. Cox Dayton Ronald D. Cramer Marion Daniel A. Creekmur Columbus F. Ann Crossman Dayton Stuart F. Cubbon Toledo Robert M. Curry Dayton John Czarnecki Toledo *Rudolph A. D’Amico Kettering Richard C. Daley Columbus Daniel P. Daniluk Warren Steven L. Dauterman Cincinnati Robert L. Davis Cincinnati Ronald E. Davis Columbus Steven S. Davis Cleveland William J. Davis East Liverpool J. Michael Debbeler Cincinnati Thomas E. DeBrosse Dayton Ralph T. DeFranco Cleveland Jonathan C. Dehmlow Marietta Gregory D. Delev Cincinnati Michael J. Delligatti Columbus Alexander V. DeMarco Vandalia Robert P. DeMarco Solon Craig Denmead Columbus John R. Dennis Columbus Larry J. Denny Dayton Charles S. DeRousie Lake Oswego, OR Cheryl H. DeVore Dublin Eric R. Dieterich Columbus Edward D. Diller Cincinnati Jon N. Diller Pandora John J. Dixon Youngstown Richard S. Donahey Columbus Peter J. Donahue Dayton John D. Donaldson Mansfield Terrence M. Donnellon Cincinnati Michael D. Dorf Toledo Marshall K. Dosker Covington, KY Ronald W. Dougherty Canton Jon A. Doughty Springfield Hon. Andrew G. Douglas Columbus Sue M. Douglas Cleveland Wolfgang Drescher Sylvania Stanley B. Dritz Columbus Andrew R. Duff Akron Vincent A. Dugan Columbus *Robert M. Duncan Columbus William N. Eachus Gallipolis Sally M. Edwards Williamstown, KY John W. Eilers Cincinnati Gene Elconin Beachwood Rush E. Elliott Canfield William B. Elliott Dayton William W. Emley Sr. Canton Daniel L. England Alliance Robert D. Erney Columbus Herbert Ernst Dayton Charles R. Eshelman Cuyahoga Falls November/December 2013 Ohio Lawyer 33 Bennie E. Espy Columbus Judge D. Dean Evans Gallipolis J. Michael Evans Columbus John K. Everett Columbus Lee C. Falke Dayton Steven R. Fansler West Liberty Elizabeth T. Farrar Columbus John H. Farthing Circleville George H. Faulkner Cleveland Henry L. Fein Galena Judge Richard P. Ferenc Batavia Lester L. Ferguson Xenia Thomas V. Ferrero Massillon John A. Finlay Xenia Jeffery L. Finley Gallipolis Mark F. Fischer Canton Judge Patrick F. Fischer Cincinnati Kenneth J. Fisher Cleveland Lloyd E. Fisher Columbus Barry W. Fissel Toledo Dennis M. Fitzgerald Findlay John A. Flask Richfield Russell N. Flickinger Columbus Mark S. Floyd Beachwood Thomas P. Flynn Bradenton, FL Michael E. Foley Waynesville Judge Patrick J. Foley Dayton Frank H. Foster Reynoldsburg Vincent L. Foulk Sanford, NC Michael J. Frantz Cleveland 34 Ohio Lawyer Debra J. Fredrickson Mc Lean, VA Howard J. Freedman Beachwood William M. Freedman Cincinnati Ronald A. Fresco Columbus Bradley N. Frick Columbus Thomas E. Friedman Columbus William S. Friedman Columbus Zeev Friedman Beachwood Gary L. Froelich Dayton Frank J. Froelke Hamilton Carl B. Fry Columbus Gary F. Frye Marietta Philip J. Fulton Columbus Carmine M. Garofalo Centerville Patrick J. Garry Cincinnati Timothy A. Garry Cincinnati Timothy A. Garry Jr. Hamilton Roger S. Gates Hamilton Michael F. Gehrig Cincinnati Charles F. Geidner Dayton Nelson E. Genshaft Columbus Steven G. Gentry Dublin Nicholas T. George Akron Timothy D. Gerrity Columbus David C. Gibbs Largo, FL Rollyn C. Gibbs Columbus Gregory C. Gibson Kettering Matthew W. Gibson Powell Allan H. Gifford Honolulu, HI James M. Gillette Chardon November/December 2013 Joseph R. Gioffre Cleveland Judge Joseph Giulitto Ravenna Judge George M. Glasser Toledo Richard H. Glazer Cincinnati Elizabeth L. Glick St. Clairsville Mark E. Godbey Cincinnati Douglas N. Godshall North Canton Robert A. Goering Cincinnati Judge Rosemary G. Gold Cleveland Stuart J. Goldberg Toledo Spiros E. Gonakis Euclid Bernard D. Goodman Cleveland N. Victor Goodman Columbus Stanley Goodman Cincinnati James H. Gordon Hilliard Judge Robert H. Gorman Cincinnati John E. Gotherman Columbus Judge Michael R. Goulding Toledo Raymond J. Grabow North Royalton Michael J. Grady Canton William R. Graf Cincinnati Douglas E. Graff Columbus Arthur F. Graham Tiffin Melissa A. Graham-Hurd Akron Anthony W. Greco Columbus David C. Greer Dayton Charles S. Griffith Amelia D. Michael Grodhaus Dublin Andrew S. Grossman Columbus Jeffrey A. Grossman Columbus James R. Gucker Tiffin Thomas L. Guillozet Piqua Dennis E. Gump Dayton Daniel J. Gunsett Columbus George Gusses Toledo Harry L. Haber Solon I. James Hackenberg Painesville Howard J. Haddow Columbus Gloria S. Haffer Cincinnati John F. Hall Fremont John A. Hallbauer Cleveland Paul G. Hallinan Dayton Dennis M. Hanaghan Dayton Robert E. Hanson Columbus Mary K. Hapner Hillsboro R. Chris Harbold Columbus Michael L. Hardy Cleveland David W. Hardymon Columbus Kenneth E. Harris Columbus Judge William D. Hart Kenton John C. Hartranft Columbus David B. Harwood Willard Anthony J. Haueisen Fairlawn Robert J. Haverkamp Gloucester, MA Frank M. Hays Wooster John F. Hayward Toledo Anthony M. Heald Delaware C. Luther Heckman Columbus Holly H. Heer Columbus Jeffrey T. Heintz Akron www.ohiobar.org Charles J. Helbley Brunswick Paul W. Hertrick Medina John V. Heutsche Cleveland Ian A. Heyman Gahanna Ralph E. Heyman Dayton Bryan F. Hickey Greenville, SC John W. Hickey Cleveland Ralph P. Higgins Cleveland Donald J. Hilliker Bellefontaine Richard O. Hilliker Ft. Myers, FL G. Robert Hines Cincinnati Michael A. Hirschfeld Cincinnati Jon Hoffheimer Cincinnati H. Ritchey Hollenbaugh Columbus Edwin J. Hollern Westerville Jonathan Hollingsworth Dayton John D. Holschuh, Jr. Cincinnati Ronald E. Holtman Wooster Harold L. Hom Cleveland Michael T. Honohan Rocky River Douglas E. Hoover Worthington Judge James L. Hoover Ret. Galion Herbert J. Hoppe Rocky River Michael J. Horvitz Cleveland James W. Hostetter Newark Lawrence J. Hotchkiss Columbus James T. Houfek Worthington Barbara J. Howard Cincinnati Roy H. Huffer Circleville Terry V. Hummel Blacklick www.ohiobar.org Jonathan F. Hung Dayton Frederick Hunker Columbus Richard M. Hunt Dayton Bruce A. Hunter Cincinnati Robert R. Hunter Jr. Alliance Rufus B. Hurst Granville Richard B. Igo Columbus Daniel J. Igoe Upper Arlington D. Jeffrey Ireland Dayton Darryl L. Isaacs Louisville, KY Titus Jackman Kent Reginald S. Jackson Jr. Toledo Donald N. Jaffe Cleveland Jeffrey N. James Akron Douglas S. Jauert Wapakoneta Victor M. Javitch Cleveland John T. Jeandrevin Medina James R. Jeffery Toledo Judge Thomas K. Jenkins Ret. Marion Thomas E. (Ted). Jenks Kettering Judge James D. Jensen Toledo John A. Jeren Jr. Youngstown Reed P. Jewett Springfield David L. Johnson Columbus Ronald V. Johnson Cleveland Robert E. Johnston Lancaster John S. Jones Worthington Michael C. Jones Powell Taylor Jones Jr. Dayton Jerry D. Jordan Columbus Jennifer J. Joseph Columbus John J. Joseph Columbus Joseph M. Juergens Springfield Benita A. Kahn Columbus Edward Kancler Twinsburg Marvin L. Karp Cleveland Judge David A. Katz Toledo Richard S. Katz Beachwood David E. Kauffman Columbus Elliot M. Kaufman Cleveland Ronald D. Keener New Lebanon Stephen E. Keister Van Wert George G. Keith Cuyahoga Falls Mark D. Keller Columbus Thomas G. Kelley Cleveland Thomas W. Kendo Dayton Richard M. Kerger Toledo Russell W. Kessler Columbus Richard S. Ketcham Columbus Donald G. Keyser Wheelersburg James A. Kiger Washington Court House David M. King Willoughby Hills James R. Kirkland Dayton Mark M. Kitrick Columbus Richard C. Klein Moreland Hills Donald P. Klekamp Cincinnati Dale W. Klocke Cincinnati Barbara A. Knapic North Canton Scott E. Knox Cincinnati Edward M. Kochalski Columbus John A. Kocher Port Clinton William G. Kohlhepp Cincinnati Gary A. Kohli Oak Harbor Eric T. Kohut Akron Clement Kollin Broadview Heights Thomas P. Kot Tallmadge Mark E. Kouns Pickerington David J. Kovach Independence John R. Koverman Dayton Roy A. Krall Cleveland Leo F. Krebs Dayton Gary P. Kreider Cincinnati Margaret H. Kreiner Cuyahoga Falls Randy J. Kreizenbeck Cleveland Andrew P. Krembs Gates Mills Jacob A. H. Kronenberg Cleveland David P. Kuenzli Findlay Matthew J. Kunsman Newark Kevin F. Kurgis Columbus David A. Kutik Cleveland David G. Lake Cortland William W. Lamkin Columbus Thomas D. Lammers Celina Wallace J. Lanci Cleveland Richard L. Lancione Bellaire Susan M. Lantz Columbus Thomas A. LaPolla Warren Alan L. Lapp Dublin Laurence A. Lasky Dayton Frank A. Lavelle Athens November/December 2013 Ohio Lawyer 35 Richard D. Lawrence Covington, KY Robert B. Laybourne Akron Doloris F. Learmonth Cincinnati Kennedy Legler III Bradenton, FL Harry J. Lehman New Albany Stephen P. Leiby Akron Gerald R. Leipply Cuyahoga Falls Paul W. Leithart Columbus Madeline J. Lepidi-Carino Hudson Frank A. Lettieri Akron Richard L. Levine Columbus Martin H. Lewis Cleveland Robert L. Lilley Logan John M. Liming Defiance David V. C. Lincicome Roxbury, CT Lawrence V. Lindberg Cleveland Thomas K. Lindsey Columbus Ronald G. Linville Columbus Richard A. F. Lipowicz Dayton Charles H. Lizanich Independence Philip A. Lloyd Akron Nancy N. Locke Ashland Webster M. Lonas Canton Christopher A. Lopez Delaware Michael J. Loughman Sheffield Village Richard L. Loveland Columbus Dean S. Lucal Sandusky Joseph L. Ludovici East Liverpool J. Richard Lumpe Columbus Lonnie R. Lutz Toledo 36 Ohio Lawyer *Douglas D. MacGillivray Bellefontaine Judge William W. MacMillan Jr. Dayton Helen M. MacMurray New Albany Blair L. Magaziner Zanesville James A. Magnuson Columbus Daniel M. Maher Columbus Georgia Maistros Stow Lynn N. Major Mayfield Village Stephanie H. Malbasa Cleveland Paul H. Malesick Canton William T. Maloney Toledo Michael J. Manahan Toledo Edward G. Marks Cincinnati Dale E. Markworth Cleveland Francis M. Marley Fostoria David W. Marquis Dayton Richard P. Martin Hudson Carol Seubert Marx Lancaster John J. Mascio Steubenville John J. Masternick Girard Stanley A. Mathews Cincinnati James Maurer Dublin Robert W. Maurer Bowling Green John G. Maxa New Bremen Whitney B. Maxson Cincinnati Patrick F. McCartan Cleveland Dennis M. McCarthy Columbus Robert A. McCarthy Troy Frank A. McClure Cambridge Leon M. McCorkle Dublin November/December 2013 John W. McCormac Worthington Michael P. McCormick Saint Clairsville Mark K. McCown Ironton Christopher C. McCracken Cleveland Donald P. McFadden Cleveland Terrance J. McGonegal Canton John J. McGowan Cleveland Susan S. McGown Akron William J. McGraw Troy John K. McHenry Portsmouth John J. McHugh Sylvania W. Locke Mckenzie Columbus Daniel H. McKinney Cincinnati Keith McNamara Columbus Richard L. McNellie Beachwood Edward J. McTigue Cincinnati Philip McWeeny Toledo Thomas P. Meaney Euclid Michael H. Mearan Portsmouth Stephen G. Meckler Elyria Leonard S. Meranus Cincinnati Judge Michael R. Merz Dayton Donald H. Messinger Cleveland Kenneth H. Messinger-Rapport Cleveland Donald M. Mewhort Toledo Richard F. Meyer Worthington Robert A. Meyer Columbus John E. Meyers Bellevue Karen D. Meyers Cincinnati Richard B. Meyers Chesapeake Earl R. Miller Salem George M. Miller Akron James P. Miller Wilmington Marvin C. Miller Sunbury Paul A. Miller Millersburg Terrance M. Miller Columbus Charles K. Milless Johns Island, SC Ronald H. Mills Rocky River Stephen E. Mindzak Columbus Charles D. Minor Columbus Robert A. Minor Columbus Harvey S. Minton Worthington Martin E. Mohler Toledo Gerald A. Mollica Athens Theodora M. Monegan Cleveland William T. Monroe Cleveland Donald H. Moore Powell Robert S. Moorehead Cambridge Philip R. Moots Columbus Stanley Morganstern Scottsdale, AZ C. Arthur Morrow Newark Gretchen Koehler Mote Columbus Scott R. Mote Columbus Thomas P. Moushey Alliance James S. Mowery Dublin Eric R. Mulford Gallipolis Carl F. Muller Ashtabula John T. Mulligan Cleveland L. Patrick Mulligan Dayton Michael E. Murman Lakewood www.ohiobar.org Linda Strite Murnane Xenia Richard R. Murphey Columbus Timothy E. Murphy Powell Bernard M. Murray Gahanna Douglas S. Musick Independence John P. Muskoff New Albany Bradley A. Myers Columbus Stanley L. Myers Cypress, TX Mark R. Naegel Cincinnati Fritz Neil Shaker Heights John C. Nemeth Columbus Mark M. Nesbit Columbus Jack L. Neuenschwander Piqua John A. Neville Cleveland Dennis R. Newman Columbus Dianne R. Newman Akron Curtis B. Nichols Marietta Bruce I. Nicholson Dayton Robert G. Nickodem Cleveland Heights Suzanne M. Nigro Cleveland Hts. Edward S. Noble Saint Marys Kraig E. Noble Saint Marys C. Edward Noe Cincinnati Jonathan M. Norman Columbus Suzanne Belot Norton Toledo John C. Norwine Cincinnati James R. Office Springboro James R. Ogden Cuyahoga Falls Norman J. Ogilvie Lancaster Laurie E. Ohall Brandon, FL www.ohiobar.org Shaun P. Omen Columbus Timothy M. Opsitnick Cleveland Frederick L. Oremus Athens Jeffrey T. Orndorff Chardon Dan R. Orner West Chester Alvarene N. Owens Dallas, TX Robert G. Palmer Columbus James E. Papp Fairview Park Robert T. Pappas Powell David B. Pariser Columbus Morgan E. Parke Akron Terri L. Parmley Springfield Thomas E. Parrish Cuyahoga Falls Gary L. Pasqualone Geneva W. Andrew Patton Cincinnati Robert C. Paxton Columbus Donald G. Paynter Columbus Robert C. Peelle Wilmington William E. Peelle Wilmington Samuel A. Peppers Columbus Judge Frederick D. Pepple Wapakoneta Paul G. Perantinides Akron Paul E. Perry Cincinnati Geoffrey J. Peters Dublin Georgeann G. Peters Columbus Barbara B. H. Petersen Marblehead Lee Petersen Akron Stephen J. Petras Cleveland John J. Petro Columbus John P. Petzold Mount Pleasant, SC William E. Pfau Youngstown Jerome Phillips Toledo Robert D. Phillips Hudson Judge John S. Pickrel Dayton James R. Pierce Cincinnati Robert N. Pierce Columbus John C. Pierson Akron John B. Pinney Cincinnati Ernest M. Pitt Ashland, KY Marvin S. Platt Akron George N. Plavac Beachwood Thomas G. Pletz Toledo Harry B. Plotnick Cincinnati C. Keith Plummer Cambridge Michael A. Poe Columbus Richard W. Pogue Cleveland William R. Polhamus Hilliard Vincent P. Popp Dayton John A. Poppe Wapakoneta *Samuel H. Porter Columbus Charles C. Postlewaite Columbus Anne M. Prack Columbus Edwin C. Price Cincinnati Milton A. Puckett Columbus Timothy J. Putman Canton Alan T. Radnor Columbus Mark A. Rafidi Canfield Ted L. Ramirez Washington, DC Kathleen Hayes Ransier Columbus Dennis A. Rathburn Columbus Robert H. Rawson Cleveland Frank A. Ray Columbus Frank J. Reed Columbus William J. Rees Columbus Judge Christopher J. Regan Jackson Hon. Richard D. Reinbold Jr. Canton Douglas W. Rennie Cincinnati Clement A. Revetti Andover, MA John L. Reyes Akron Susan L. Rhiel Columbus Paul D. Rice Granville Lawrence H. Richards Poland R. L. Richards Dublin Matthew J. Richardson Columbus Thomas B. Ridgley Columbus Ron L. Rimelspach Sylvania Judge Richard J. Rinebolt Findlay Dana G. Rinehart Columbus William T. Rini Beachwood Stephen C. Roach Toledo Scott M. Robe Athens John F. Robenalt Osprey, FL Carmen V. Roberto Akron James E. Roberts Poland Mark F. Roberts Springfield John B. Robertson Gates Mills Michael L. Robinson Akron Douglas L. Rogers Columbus Nancy H. Rogoff Chagrin Falls Matthew J. Rohrbacher Toledo November/December 2013 Ohio Lawyer 37 Carol Rolf Cleveland G. Drew Rolston Logan J. Andrew Root Xenia Gordon L. Rose Wilmington Jacob I. Rosenbaum Pepper Pike Harold A. Ross North Olmsted Anthony G. Rossi Warren Jerry Rossman New Albany Richard M. Rothfuss Cincinnati Michael J. Rourke Columbus David W. Rowan Cleveland Ronald L. Rowland Columbus Thomas O. Ruby Columbus Randil J. Rudloff Warren Michael A. Rumer Lima C. Allan Runser Van Wert David P. Rupp Archbold James D. Ruppert Franklin Dr. Michael J. Russo Seven Hills Robert A. Rutter Independence Robert P. Rutter Independence Edwin L. Ryan Jr. Dayton Philip P. Ryser Dublin James A. Saad Westerville Michael D. Saad Columbus Tamara S. Sack Cincinnati James P. Salyer Mc Arthur Harvey M. Samuels Columbus Robert M. Sanders Reynoldsburg Thomas R. Sant Columbus 38 Ohio Lawyer David A. Saphire Centerville James L. Sassano Cleveland Timothy W. Sauvain Beachwood Charles R. Saxbe Columbus Lawrence J. Scanlon Akron Thomas J. Scanlon Cleveland David J. Scarpone Steubenville B. Joseph Schaeff Dayton Benjamin Scherner Powell Hans Scherner Columbus Scott W. Schiff Columbus Maria Romanowski Schimer Rootstown Hon. Richard T. Schisler Portsmouth Alfred W. Schneble III Dayton Kenneth J. Schneider Cincinnati Donna J. Schoebel Columbus Alfred E. Schrader Akron Thomas C. Schrader Brecksville Patricia J. Schraff Willoughby Hills Joseph C. Schroeder Ottawa Stephen J. Schuh Cincinnati Allen Schulman Canton John D. Schuman Columbus Richard M. Schwartz Cincinnati Paul A. Scott Columbus James H. Searles Brussels, Belgium Jon M. Sebaly Dayton Kenneth F. Seibel Cincinnati Oliver E. Seikel Cleveland James A. Sennett Beachwood November/December 2013 Stephen R. Serraino Bellevue Michael I. Shapero Beachwood Alan J. Shapiro Shaker Hts. Joseph W. Shea Cincinnati Alan W. Sheppard Columbus James C. Shew Middletown Sam M. Shihab Dublin David P. Shouvlin Columbus Jeffrey B. Shulman Dayton Roger L. Shumaker Cleveland Alex Shumate Columbus David S. Sidor Columbus Thomas J. Sigmund Columbus James D. Sillery Athens William G. Simon Ravenna Jay M. Skolnick Canfield James W. Slater Akron Donald C. Slowik Columbus Bradley C. Smith Dayton J. MacAlpine Smith Bellefontaine Katherine C. Hart Smith Akron Larry A. Smith Dayton Scott E. Smith Columbus Stephen L. Smith New Bremen Stephen K. Snavely Defiance Richard G. Snell Dayton Jill M. Snitcher McQuain Columbus James D. Snively Massillon John A. S. Snoderly Cuyahoga Falls Constance A. Snyder Maumee Daniel M. Snyder Findlay Mary K.C. . Soter Dayton Michael Soto Westerville Beatrice K. Sowald Columbus Heather G. Sowald Columbus Judge George W. Spanagel Cleveland David M. Spears Ironton John M. Spencer Springfield Thomas M. Spetnagel Chillicothe Allen S. Spike Elyria Neil H. Spike Elyria Thomas F. Spinks North Ridgeville Steven M. Spitler Toledo Andrew R. Spriegel Hudson Margaret E. Stanard Cleveland Paul J. Stano Cleveland Ronald C. Stansbury Cleveland Margaret A. Stavick Youngstown Terrence J. Steel Cleveland Melody L. Steely Circleville Stanley R. Stein Columbus John S. Steinhauer Akron Judge John T. Stelzer Bryan James S. Stevenson Columbus Robert C. Stinson Okatie, SC John S. Stith Cincinnati John P. Stockwell Toledo Mark E. Stone Beavercreek Andrew C. Storar Dayton Roger P. Sugarman Columbus www.ohiobar.org Joseph T. Svete Chardon James E. Swaim Dayton Todd S. Swatsler Columbus Gerald H. Swedlow Columbus Robert P. Sweeney Cleveland David L. Swift Naples, FL Curtis J. Sybert Powell Joseph R. Tafelski Toledo Thomas M. Taggart Columbus Thomas P. Taggart Marietta Judge Kevin H. Taylor Van Wert Joseph P. Thacker Toledo Jason E. This New Bremen Duke W. Thomas Columbus Mark A. Thomas Saint Clairsville Warner M. Thomas Jr. Columbus H. Lee Thompson Columbus Nancy C. Thornburgh Miamisburg Roger D. Tibbetts Lakewood Stephen F. Tilson Galion Stuart Tobin Cincinnati Gerald J. Todaro Columbus Louis E. Tosi Toledo Ronald N. Towne Akron Louis E. Tracy West Carrollton J. Robert True Batavia Angelo J. Tsangeos Canton Narcus J. Tsiliacos Worthington Sol Tushman Beachwood Mark A. Tuss Dayton www.ohiobar.org Louis A. Tuzi Northfield Warren L. Udisky Cleveland Judge Thomas A. Unverferth Ottawa Joseph P. Valore Urbana Craig J. Van Horsten Toledo Robert J. Vana Tallmadge Amber L. VanGunten Delta Jane M. Varga Cleveland Christopher E. Veidt Logan Frederick A. Vierow Worthington Jackman S. Vodrey East Liverpool Daniel R. Volkema Columbus Peter F. von Meister Dayton John C. Vorys Columbus William J. Wahoff Columbus Wallace W. Walker Brecksville William R. Walker Athens Hugh E. Wall Dayton Richard H. Wallace Sidney Judge Richard M. Wallar Logan Stephen E. Walters Cleveland John R. Waltman Millersburg Robert F. Ware Cleveland Marc F. Warncke Defiance Linda R. Warner Pomeroy Douglas W. Warnock Delaware Richard S. Wayne Cincinnati James K. Weaner Defiance John W. Weaner Defiance Edward P. Weber Aurora Judge Herman J. Weber Cincinnati Geoffrey E. Webster Columbus Stephen D. Webster Cleveland Donald Weckstein Dayton Robert J. Weiler Columbus Samuel B. Weiner Columbus John C. Weisensell Akron Larry A. Weiser Cleveland Joseph H. Weiss Chesterland Fred Wendel III Chagrin Falls James I. Weprin Dayton Robert W. Werth Columbus Bruce J. Weston Columbus Sandra M. Wetzel Westerville David R. White Scottsdale, AZ Judge Harold F. White Akron Hon. Harry W. White Saint Clairsville Martin F. White Warren Jerry F. Whitmer Akron Donald K. Wick Mount Gilead Robert C. Wiesenmayer Wapakoneta Charles W. Wilburn Circleville James M. Wiles Columbus John W. Wiles Willoughby Grant W. Wilkinson Maumee C. Bruce Williams Salem Vesper C. Williams Toledo Richard L. Williger Akron Paul W. Winks Springfield Christopher S. Winters Westlake Robert N. Wistner J.D. Dublin Dennis L. Wittman Hamilton Richard E. Wolfson Portsmouth Margaret W. Wong Cleveland Dr. Wheaton B. Wood Athens Col. Dale N. Woodling Sarasota, FL William H. Woods Columbus Frank C. Woodside Cincinnati Donald G. Worly Powell R. Douglas Wrightsel Columbus Barbara Friedman Yaksic Beachwood David J. Young Supply, NC Martin M. Young Cincinnati William J. Zabkar Westerville Judge Thomas F. Zachman Ripley A. William Zavarello Akron John W. Zeiger Columbus Richard G. Zellers Canfield Barry H. Zimmer Cincinnati Terry D. Zimmerman Akron Richard V. Zurz Akron * Deceased November/December 2013 Ohio Lawyer 39 CLE Calendar To register or for more information, call (800) 232-7124 or (614) 487-8585 or visit our website at www.ohiobar.org Strategies for Taking Charge of Your Law Practice 6.0 CLE credit hours Registration: 8 a.m. Program: 8:30 a.m. - 4 p.m 11/1 - Cleveland - The Ritz Carlton Health Care Law 6.0 CLE credit hours Registration: 8 a.m. Program: 8:30 a.m. - 4 p.m. 11/1 - Columbus - Ohio State Bar Association Appellate Practice Video 6.0 CLE credit hours//6.0 NLT credit hours Registration: 8 a.m. Program: 8:30 a.m. - 4 p.m. 11/4 - Columbus - Ohio State Bar Association 11/11 - Dayton - Sinclair Conference Center 11/11 - Perrysburg - Hilton Garden Inn 11/18 - Cleveland - The Ritz Carlton Choice of Entity and Tax Reduction Strategies 6.0 CLE credit hours Registration: 8 a.m. Program: 8:30 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. 11/4 - Columbus - Ohio State Bar Association 11/7 - Fairfield - Receptions North Center How to Handle Intense Emotional Situations and Clients 6.0 CLE credit hours//6.0 NLT credit hours Registration: 8 a.m. Program: 8:30 a.m. - 4 p.m. 11/5 - Fairfield - Receptions North Center 11/6 - Columbus - Ohio State Bar Association 11/7 - Cleveland - The Ritz Carlton Online Practice Strategies 3.0 CLE credit hours Registration: 8 a.m. Program: 8:30 a.m. - 11:45 a.m. 11/6 - Cleveland - The Ritz Carlton Presentation Skills for Attorneys 5.0 CLE credit hours Registration: 8 a.m. Program: 8:30 a.m. - 3:30 p.m. 11/7 - Columbus - Ohio State Bar Association 11/8 - Cleveland - The Ritz Carlton Fifth Annual Great Lakes Antitrust Institute 7.5 CLE credit hours Program Day 1: 5 p.m. - 6:30 p.m. Registration Day 2: 8 a.m. Program Day 2: 8:30 a.m. - 4:15 p.m. 11/7 & 8 - Columbus - The Westin Hotel Live Simulcast 40 Ohio Lawyer Building Intelligent Templates, Precedents and Forms Sets for Your Practice 3.0 CLE credit hours (AM) Registration: 8 a.m. Program: 8:30 a.m. - 11:45 a.m. 11/12 - Cleveland, Columbus, Fairfield, Perrysburg Live Simulcast Technology Ethics, Professionalism and Substance Abuse 2.5 CLE credit hours (PM) Registration: 12:30 p.m. Program: 1 p.m. - 3:45 p.m 11/12 - Cleveland, Columbus, Fairfield, Perrysburg Sean Carter, Humorist at Law 6.0 CLE credit hours Registration: 8 a.m. Program: 8:30 a.m. - 4 p.m. 11/13 - Cleveland - The Ritz Carlton 11/14 - Columbus - Ohio State Bar Association 11/15 - Fairfield - Receptions Conference Center North Bankruptcy Fundamentals 6.0 CLE credit hours//6.0 NLT credit hours Registration: 8 a.m. Program: 8:30 a.m. - 4 p.m. 11/14 - Cleveland - The Ritz Carlton Live Simulcast 11/20 - Columbus, Fairfield Fiduciary Income Tax 6.0 CLE credit hours Registration: 8 a.m. Program: 8:30 a.m. - 4 p.m. 11/15 - Cleveland - The Ritz Carlton 11/18 - Columbus - Ohio State Bar Association Live Simulcast The New Negotiation Advantage 6.0 CLE credit hours Registration: 8 a.m. Program: 8:30 a.m. - 4 p.m. 11/19 - Akron, Columbus, Fairfield, Perrysburg Live Simulcast OVI Defense Update 6.25 CLE credit hours Registration: 8 a.m. Program: 8:30 a.m. - 4:15 p.m. 11/21 - Akron, Cleveland, Columbus, Dayton, Fairfield, Perrysburg Live Simulcast November/December 2013 Residential Real Estate Transactions 6.0 CLE credit hours Registration: 8 a.m. Program: 8:30 a.m. - 4 p.m. 11/22 - Cleveland, Columbus, Fairfield, Perrysburg, Steubenville Gain the Edge: Negotiation Strategies for Lawyers 6.0 CLE credit hours Registration: 8 a.m. Program: 8:30 a.m. - 4 p.m. 11/25 - Columbus - Ohio State Bar Association 11/26 - Cleveland - The Ritz Carlton Financial Planning for Lawyers 6.0 CLE credit hours Registration: 8 a.m. Program: 8:30 a.m. - 4 p.m. 11/25 - Fairfield - Receptions Conference Center North 11/26 - Columbus - Ohio State Bar Association Live Simulcast ACTL Ethics, Professionalism and Substance Abuse 2.5 CLE credit hours (AM) Registration: 8 a.m. Program: 8:30 a.m. - 11:15 a.m. 12/2 - Akron, Cleveland, Columbus, Fairfield, Perrysburg, Wooster The Business Attraction Factor: High Impact Growth Strategies 3.0 CLE credit hours (PM) Registration: 12:30 p.m. Program: 1 p.m. - 4 p.m. 12/2 - Columbus - Ohio State Bar Association Live Simulcast Winning Numbers: Accounting and FInance for Lawyers 6.0 CLE credit hours Registration: 8 a.m. Program: 8:30 a.m. - 4 p.m. 12/3 - Akron, Cleveland, Columbus, Fairfield, Perrysburg How to Start A Law Practice Video 6.0 CLE credit hours//6.0 NLT credit hours Registration: 8 a.m. Program: 8:30 a.m. - 4 p.m. 12/4 - Akron, Cleveland, Dayton, Fairfield, Perrysburg Trial Evidence for the Ohio Practitioner 6.0 CLE credit hours//6.0 NLT credit hours Registration: 8 a.m. Program: 8:30 a.m. - 4 p.m. 12/4 - Columbus - Ohio State Bar Association 12/12 - Cleveland - The Ritz Carlton www.ohiobar.org Hundreds of CLE course handbooks. Formatted for computers, iPads, Kindles and all other e-readers. Free for members who take OSBA live CLE. Unlock your access today. www.ohiobar.org/ebook November/December 2013 Ohio Lawyer 41 For the record: constantly expanding, PeopleMap is a driving force in criminal records. Westlaw PeopleMap. Get the facts. Continual enhancement and constant improvement. It’s the only way to stay on top of criminal records. Each year, Westlaw® PeopleMap expands its coverage of jurisdictions, courts, and counties across the country by the hundreds. It’s no wonder we’re trusted to supply more thorough criminal records information than anyone else. To learn more, visit legalsolutions.com/peoplemap or call 1-800-762-5272. © 2013 Thomson Reuters L-387715/10-13 Thomson Reuters and the Kinesis logo are trademarks of Thomson Reuters. 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