All About RMB - BNP Paribas Securities Services
Transcription
All About RMB - BNP Paribas Securities Services
All About RMB Bank and Investor Handbook The bank for a changing world CONTENTS Why invest in China? Macro update RMB payment infrastructure – BNP Paribas clearing capacity 03-04 05 The RMB is an asset class of its own! 06-07 The 2nd largest equity market in the world 08-09 The 3rd largest bond market in the world 10-12 RMB FX market 13 How to invest in China? 1 I am an offshore investor without quota, what options do I have? 15 Offshore products in RMB are fast developing 15-16 Active management solutions 16-17 Derivative solutions 2 Then how can I have access to my own quota? 18 19 Which quota for which market? 19 Which quota for which investor? 20 How to get a quota? 21 3 What can BNP Paribas offer me now that I have my quota? BNP Paribas is a market leader in dealing in RMB onshore bonds 22 22-23 Quota advisory service 23 Asset owner and asset manager custody services 24 4 What extra accesses would I have with an onshore entity? 25 Who are the Chinese regulators? 25 How to set up an onshore entity – FDI policy 25 Examples of products available only onshore 26 Appendix Glossary of useful terms Contact us Please refer to "Glossary of useful terms" for all the acronyms used in this brochure. 28-29 30 November 2013 An overview of the world’s No. 2 economy. Why invest in China? China is now the second largest economy in the world, it has seen its trade clout growing at an average rate of 22% per annum for the last 10 years. The use of RMB has gone from virtually zero to more than 13% of the overall exchanges in trade transactions between China and the rest of the world in the past two years. We expect China trade to double by 2020 and the usage of RMB to continue expanding until it becomes one of three major global currencies. Macro update The size of an economy matters, but Chart 1: Chinese structural reform and marginal returns on investment* improvement in economic efficiency matters even more. From an investment perspective, there is a rising appetite among investors for re-rating stories. In this regard, China's importance in the global market is bound to increase, as it is the only large economy with a structural story unfolding in the coming decades. Investment themes in the Chinese market abound, including structural rebalancing, urbanisation, financial liberalisation and RMB internationalisation, but they have yet to be fully uncovered. 6.00 5.00 Diminishing marginal returns due to growth fatigue new reforms needed Economic reform (started in 1978) raised the marginal returns on investment (MRI) in the early years 4.00 3.00 2.00 Big-bang reforms under Zhu Rongji pushed up MRI 1.00 0.00 60 63 66 69 72 *5-year moving average 75 78 81 84 87 90 93 96 99 02 05 08 11 Sources: Factset, BNP Paribas Investment Partners The Chinese leaders are kick-starting productivity. However, the “reform dividends” have been exhausted during the past a new wave of economic reforms, decade (Chart 1). which are China’s first significant moves since the 1990s when former Macro update chg in GDP per unit chg in inv’t (CNY bio) strategic asset allocation to uncover 7.00 premier Zhu Rongji implemented state sector reform, which led to rising investment efficiency and All About RMB|03 Structural rebalancing in the Chinese economy has been happening since the mid-2000s when income and investment growth trends started shifting from the rich eastern provinces to the poor interior regions (Chart 2 and 3). But these trends have yet to be priced in by the Chinese asset market largely because they happen slowly and are often masked by cyclical fluctuations of the economy. These changing dynamics need to be sustained to ensure successful structural rebalancing. Chart 2: Per capita GDP rebalancing towards the inland 50% 45% 40% Central region Western region 35% 30% 29.0% 1985-9 1990-4 1995-9 2000-4 2005-9 65.0% 60.0% 27.0% 25.0% 55.0% 23.0% 50.0% 21.0% 19.0% 45.0% 17.0% 15.0% 1980-4 Central region (LHS) Western region (LHS) Eastern region (RHS) 31.0% Central region / Western region as a share of total fixed-asset inv’t as a share of the eastern region 55% 2010-2 40.0% 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 Sources: CEIC, BNP Paribas Investment Partners Eastern region share of total fixed-asset inv’t The relative income gap between the inner regions and the eastern region is narrowing, though the absolute gap remains large Chart 3: Investment moving inland Sources: CEIC, BNP Paribas Investment Partners Market is deregulated through RMB internationalisation There are also signs that China’s that is more market-based, the PBoC settlement in RMB in mid-2009. monetary policy framework is has made a step towards improving Today, there is no impediment to changing to support economic capital allocation. settling foreign trade in RMB for any rebalancing. For the first time in its Chinese importers or exporters. The policy history, in mid-2013 the PBoC Internationalising the RMB is an next step to deepen RMB engineered a credit crunch to rein in integral part of Beijing’s new reform internationalisation is to create bad shadow banking activities. strategy, as full RMB convertibility incentives for foreigners to hold and Subtly, this might mark the PBoC’s will force corresponding structural use the RMB for non-trade purposes. policy shift towards using interest changes in the economy. China’s This will involve deeper financial rates as a tool to enforce monetary current account has already been liberalisation, expansion of the policy in order to regain control of made fully convertible since 1999, offshore RMB market and creation of the money supply. By rebalancing but trade has been settled in US RMB-denominated assets for its policy orientation away from a dollars. This began to change when international investment. control-based model towards one China started to allow trade The RMB is going global: from a trade currency to a reserve currency RMB internationalisation is a countries based on their contribution volatility will be high during this mega-trend that will unfold in the to world GDP growth instead of their period. However, market access for coming years. The new reform relative global bond market share. foreigners is also improving, with development will make the Chinese This is a secular shift in global asset steady expansion in foreign system more efficient and liberal, allocation strategy that will benefit investment quotas and creation of opening up more economic Chinese assets as the country’s new vehicles such as Equity Tracked opportunities to the world. Reserve contribution to world GDP growth Funds (ETFs) expected to continue. money, such as investment from will grow over time. This transition period also marks the official institutions (OIs), including China’s economy and its policy asset class of their own, and it should funds, is starting to gain exposure to framework are moving into a provide long-term investors with an China's rising economic clout. Some transition period. This process will opportunity to build positions and OIs are starting to allocate assets to be by no means smooth. Asset price capture the initial wave of re-rating. All About RMB|04 Macro update start of RMB assets becoming an central banks and sovereign wealth RMB payment infrastructure Whilst RMB is now becoming a reserve currency for more and more central banks, one has to remember that the RMB internationalisation process started with trade related transactions. This has allowed China to stabilise prices for imports of commodities, in particular metals and now oil. On the other side of the equation, more and more international buyers are looking at using the RMB for purchasing finished goods out of China. BNP Paribas has set up a RMB clearing capacity for its correspondent banks in both onshore and offshore markets. onshore offshore China Bank A Hong Kong OPB CNAPS China Bank BNP Paribas (China) Ltd Final beneficiary China National Advanced Payment System in China CHATS/RTGS BNP Paribas Hong Kong Clearing House Automated Transfer System RMB RMB Beneficiary in Hong Kong or anywhere in the world For onshore flows, the SWIFT message is converted into clearing system CNAPS format by BNP Paribas (China) Ltd to reach the Chinese bank. For the incoming flows from CNAPS, the payment is converted into SWIFT format to reach the beneficiary bank in Hong Kong. We recommend opening an account with BNP Paribas Hong Kong in order to handle both onshore and offshore RMB payments but direct access to BNP Paribas (China) Ltd is also possible should clients only require payments cross border. BNP Paribas RMB clearing capacity – One account for onshore & offshore payments Correspondent Banking BNP Paribas RMB clearing platform model Links the RMB onshore and offshore hubs, which enables BNP Paribas to offer the ability to optimise payment needs onshore and offshore Beijing Chengdu Tianjin Allows BNP Paribas to offer Nanjing Shanghai Guangzhou Taiwan Hong Kong An easy way to manage your RMB needs Macro update Single All About RMB|05 Aligns RMB clearing functionalities with EUR clearing capabilities Account Documentation Pricing Funding process Direct access to the RMB clearing systems (onshore and offshore) Single point of access for all RMB clearing needs Local customer support in mainland China Using a simplified model With updated regulations, BNP Paribas recommends opening a single account (in Hong Kong) for both onshore and offshore payment requirements Flexibility to open an additional account onshore, for substantial trade related settlement with beneficiaries within China Various investment and global markets activities can be supported through the single account in Hong Kong The RMB is an asset class of its own! By 2017, the RMB should overtake the Japanese Yen as the world’s number three reserve currency. This will happen despite the fact that the RMB is not completely convertible. Moreover, access to the onshore A shares and bond markets is still limited by quotas, the scale and availability of that has indeed increased since the acceleration of RMB internationalisation in 2010. We now estimate that roughly USD 200 billion (CNY 1.2 trillion) of quotas have been set up for access to the onshore markets. As of now any investor in the world can apply for a quota in either USD (QFII) or in RMB (RQFII) in the offshore RMB centres. Some specific agreements are also in place for clearing banks, participating banks and central banks under the “Three Institutions Quota Scheme”. Major reserve currencies & the RMB 62% Share of global official reserves (%) 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 USD EURO JPY GBP CHF RMB (now) RMB (by 2017?) Investing in RMB assets has become a priority for major money managers The Chinese equity and bond markets are widely underrepresented in the global index. This is not because of the scale of these markets, which are already some of the biggest in the world, but mostly because of an access conundrum. Chinese equity and bond markets are amongst the largest and most liquid in the world RMB markets have a low and sometimes even negative correlation to major asset classes Chinese bonds offer an interesting risk return profile for a portfolio (onshore bond markets have yet to see their first default) China’s economic weight is in general underrepresented in the portfolios At the current pace of economic development, China will represent more than 20% of the world’s GDP by 2030 All About RMB|06 The RMB is an asset class of its own! Sources: IMF, BNP Paribas Investment Partners (Asia) There is a strong diversification benefit to include RMB denominated assets in a portfolio 10-year correlation RMB denominated assets with major asset classes, in a USD-based portfolio. China A shares have low correlation with global equities In an Emerging Market allocation, China A shares diversification benefit is high: 0.49 correlation over 10 years Chinese bonds’ correlation with global and emerging markets bonds is low, and even negative with global bonds China Treasuries China Corporate Bonds MSCI China A China H Shares Global Bonds US Treasuries US Corporate Bonds Global Equities US Bonds Emerging Markets Bonds Emerging Markets Equities China Corporate Bonds China Treasuries RMB Assets 1.00 0.87 1.00 -0.20 -0.13 -0.08 -0.01 Global and US Assets 0.17 0.22 0.21 0.21 -0.10 -0.05 -0.12 -0.11 -0.10 -0.08 Emerging Markets 0.01 0.02 -0.06 -0.04 China A Shares 1.00 0.61 0.13 -0.10 0.23 0.35 0.34 0.31 0.49 Source: Bloomberg, BNP Paribas Investment Partners, data as at December 2013 Correlation RMB denominated assets since December 2010 (inception of the offshore bonds indices) China Treasuries China Corporate Bonds Offshore RMB Bonds China A Shares Small Caps A Shares China H Shares China Treasuries China Corporate Bonds Offshore RMB Bonds China A Shares Small Caps A Shares China H Shares 1.00 0.72 0.45 -0.06 -0.16 0.18 1.00 0.54 0.08 0.47 0.39 1.00 0.47 0.39 0.66 1.00 0.90 0.62 1.00 0.43 1.00 Source: Bloomberg, BNP Paribas Investment Partners, data as at December 2013 The RMB is an asset class of its own! Scenario of inclusion of Chinese RMB asset classes in Global Benchmarks MSCI Emerging Markets Index Others 9.7% Inclusion in global indices would drive large amounts of money into China’s onshore markets. Indonesia 2.4% Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) acknowledged that the “Chinese equity landscape has started to change” and “as access barriers fall away, China A‐shares could soon become a viable investment opportunity set for global investors”. China currently represents 2.2% in the MSCI SC World Index, with only H shares included. Should A shares be added, the total exposure would rise to 4.1%. Russia 5.2% For an emerging markets benchmark, China would represent 29.0% with both H shares (15.4%) and A shares (13.6%). Financial Times Stock Exchange (FTSE) did a similar analysis: the weight in the FTSE Emerging Index would rise from the current 19.9% to 30.9%, while for the FTSE Global All Cap Index the weight would increase from 2.0% to 3.4% if A shares were included. When it comes to bonds, global indices companies have yet to release any analysis. But the weight of Chinese bonds in Global Emerging Markets Fixed Income Indices is 0%, which is low considering it is the 3rd largest bond market in the world. All About RMB|07 Malaysia 3.3% Mexico 4.4% India 5.6% South Africa 6.9% Taiwan 9.3% China H 15.4% China A 13.6% Korea 13.0% Brazil 11.3% MSCI ACWI World Index UK 8.2% Japan 7.4% Canada 4.2% Australia 3.2% France 3.0% USA 47.0% Switzerland 3.0% Germany 2.7% China H 2.2% China A 1.9% Korea 1.8% Others 15.2% Source: MSCI, data as at 24th July 2012 The 2nd largest equity market in the world Key points: 30 years of equity market development in China It is now the second largest with USD 6.5 billion in market capitalisation Highly liquid market available to offshore investors only through quota or synthetic solutions Trading at relatively low price earning-multiples (Fall, 2013) Characteristics of the China equity market Ranking 1 2 Market Volume (EOB) Capitalisation USD bio USD bio Country / Exchange United States 24,035 23,285 NYSE Euronext 17,950 13,700 Nasdaq OMX 6,085 9,585 China 7,036 9,107 The China A shares market is mature Portfolio turnover tends to be significantly higher Liquidity varies over time due to market sentiment and monetary conditions Free float is 33%, which is much lower - therefore velocity is much higher in the China market (source: CICC, data as at November 2013) Hong Kong Exchange 3,101 1,331 Shanghai Stock Exchange 2,497 3,785 ‘News flow’- driven market Shenzhen Stock Exchange 1,438 3,991 High retail participation 3 Tokyo Stock Exchange Group 4,543 6,516 Frequent rotation between sectors and themes 4 London Stock Exchange 4,429 2,315 154 new listings in 2012, no new IPO in 2013 so far 5 NYSE Euronext (Europe) 3,584 1,722 6 TMX Group 2,114 1,333 7 Deutsche Boerse 1,936 1,383 Around 2,489 listed shares on the domestic market Source: World Federation of Exchanges, data as at December 2013 Equity markets overview Share Type Definition Availability to Foreign Investors Market Cap (in USD bio) A Listing in Shanghai or Shenzhen bourse, denominated in RMB Yes, but only after acquiring QFII (Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor) License 4,778 B Listing in Shanghai or Shenzhen, denominated in US or HK dollar Yes 106 Listing in Hong Kong, denominated in HK dollar Yes 2,034 Listing in NYSE and NASDAQ denominated in USD dollar Yes 263 Listing in Taiwan, denominated in NT dollar Yes 2 (Finance, Machinery, Pharmacy...) (undervalued sectors) H/Red Chip China Stocks listed in US (Internet, new clean energy ...) Taiwan Stocks (Semicon, LCD...) Source: BNP Paribas Investment Partners, Bloomberg, data as at 1st February 2015 All About RMB|08 The 2nd largest equity market in the world Summary of A,B,H,N and Taiwan shares Industry split - Chinese equity market Dual listing Access to all markets is essential due to the following paradox: The markets are complementary The dual listings provide trading opportunities Dual Listing 86 H Shares 204 There is a significant difference in sector weights between the different types of shares Mispricing/inefficiencies (Source: Wind, January 2015) Offshore & onshore markets provide a different exposure to China Consumer, cyclical 12% Properties & Construction 5% Financial 40% Telecommunications 3% Consumer goods 1% Services 7% Industrial 13% A Shares 2614 Utilities 2% Financial 47% Consumer, Non-cyclical 14% Basic materials12% Utilities 3% Enegery 6% Energy 28% CSI 300 (Shanghai and Shenzhen Listed) Basic materials 7% Hong Kong China Enterprise Index (HK Listed) Source: Bloomberg, August 2013 Source: Bloomberg, August 2013 Investor base - Proportion of institutional/retail investors HKEx participants’ principal trading Financial institution 15.19% Overseas institution 42.2% 15.4% Local retail 17.2% A shares Industrial capital 3.88% A shares are driven by retail H shares Overseas retail Individual 80.93% For A shares, individual investors accounted for 25% of the market capitalisation, and 80% of the trading volume 3.9% On the other hand, industrial capital accounted for over 57% in float market capitalisation for A shares, and has a trading volume of below 4% Local institution 21.3% H shares are driven by institutional investors Source: CICC Equity Research, August 2013 We still favour a moderate economic recovery in China in 2013 and 2014 that should support Chinese stock valuations, which currently appear to be very low in comparison to other countries The MSCI China is undervalued relative to its historical-average PER multiples and is trading at a discount to all major markets in Asia. Outperformance of the Chinese markets versus the rest of Asia should continue All About RMB|09 Source: Bloomberg 1 Ja 3 n 14 13 g Au 12 g b Fe Au 1 12 l1 n Ju Ja 0 11 Ja n l1 10 Estimated Next Twelve Months PE Ju 09 Ja n 09 Ju l 08 Ja n 08 Ju l 07 Ja n 07 Ju l 06 Ja n 06 Ju l Philippines Chile Mexico Colombia Hong Kong Japan Indonesia Malaysia US Taiwan DM India Global Source: Bloomberg, data as at 1st April 2013 LATAM Thailand EUR South Africa Poland Brazil Turkey GEM EM Asia Czech Republic Korea China EMEA E.g.: China’s PE is 9.19 while that of Brazil is 11.25. The difference is 2.05 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Ja n China PE compared to other countries Russia 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 Hungary Difference of the PE (in points) Equity The 2nd Market largest equity market in the world Performance - Trading at low price earning level 5 year historical PE average The 3rd largest bond market in the world Key points: China’s bond market has been developing over twenty years It has reached USD 4.7 trillion, with 23% annual growth in the last ten years The bond market will be used by the Chinese authorities to disintermediate financing and liberalise interest rates Very little credit risk differentiation as onshore market has yet to see its first default China’s bond market - A little bit of history Ministry of Finance (MoF) resumed issuing government bonds Commercial Papers (CPs), Senior and Sub financial bonds (LT2), ABS, Panda bonds Introduction of the exchange bond market and OTC market Collection Notes issued by SMEs Medium-Term Notes (MTNs) Establishment of Interbank bond market Credit Risk Mitigation Instruments CSRC Launched Corporate Bonds PBoC Bills 1981 1988 1992 1993 1994 1995 Qualified foreign central banks RMB clearing banks in HK and Macau Offshore RMB trade settlement banks Allowed to invest directly in inter-bank bond market The start of the Dim Sum market 1997 2002 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 QFII Quota invested in the exchange bond market Interest Rate Swap (IRS) and Hybrid capital (UT2 bonds) QFII allowed to enter inter-bank bond market Private Placement Notes (PPN) bonds for SMEs Resumed ABS Resumed Treasury Bond Futures Scale expansion of QFII and RQFII More bond underwriters Expansion of investment scope for insurance companies Market mechanism development RQFII quota launched to invest in onshore bond market RQFII quotas granted to offshore RMB centers Product innovation As of March 2014, the total amount of bonds outstanding in the interbank bond market stood at CNY 30.0 trillion (USD 4.9 trillion), nearly 53% of China’s GDP in 2014. It is now the third largest bond market in the world after the U.S. and Japan. The Chinese bond market CNY 29.9 trillion CNY trillion 30 +14% 26.2 25 20.7 20 15.7 12.9 10 0 22.4 18.1 15 5 29.9 30.0 8.0 3.7 4.8 9.8 6.0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 YTM Source: Wind, BNP Paribas Government Bonds Policy Bank Bonds Corporate Bonds China bond market breakdown 53% of GDP PBoC Bills Financial Bonds 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 YTM Source: Wind, BNP Paribas All About RMB|10 Equity The 3rdMarket largest bond market in the world Growth of the market - Driven by corporate bonds Three markets: offshore, interbank and exchange listed Offshore Onshore Rate Bonds Onshore Credit Bonds Major bond types by markets Bond Type Market Share Issuing Entities Tenor Market Primary market regulations Dim Sum bonds 1% Any 6m - 30yr Listed offshore Free Free Government bonds 29.2% Ministry of Finance 3m - 50yr Interbank & Exchange The State Council, MoF CSRC, NAFMII Local government bonds 2.7% Local governments 3yr, 5yr Interbank & Exchange MoF CSRC, NAFMII Central bank (PBoC) bills 4.6% PBoC 3m, 6m, 1yr, 3yr Interbank PBoC NAFMII Policy bank financial bonds 29.0% Policy banks, including CDB, ADB, EXIM Bank 6m - 30yr Interbank PBoC NAFMII Commercial paper (CP) 5.5% Non-financial firms 1yr or below Interbank NAFMII NAFMII Medium term noted (MTNs) 11.7% Non-financial firms 3yr, 5yr, 7yr, 10yr Interbank NAFMII NAFMII Financial bonds 5.8% Deposit-taking institutions and other financial firms 2yr - 15yr Interbank & Exchange Company bonds with Warrants CBRC, PBoC NAFMII Convertible Bonds Enterprise bonds 8.1% Unlisted enterprises 3yr - 30yr Interbank & Exchange NDRC CSRC, NAFMII Listed-company bonds 2.4% Listed companies 3yr - 30yr Exchange CSRC CSRC, NAFMII (through the MoF platform) Secondary market regulations Central Bank Bills Mid-term Papers Commercial Papers Policy Bank Bonds Chinese Government Bonds Enterprise Bonds Company bonds Inter-bank Market 96.3% Inter-bank & Exchanges Exchange Market 2.7% Source: Wind, BNP Paribas, March 2013 Onshore versus offshore – Yield analysis For the same issuer, onshore bonds provide higher returns than offshore bonds, but rates are bound to converge with the internationalisation of the Chinese currency. Wide spread between onshore and offshore 7 6 6.0 5.9 6.0 5 3.9 3.6 4 3.2 3 3.1 3.3 3.4 2.1 2.3 2.4 1 2 3 2 6.2 6.1 4.4 4.1 3.9 3.6 3.4 3.0 SHIBOR versus RMB HIBOR Price CNH 4.5 4.3 5.50000 3.8 5.00000 4.91965 4.50000 4.45930 4.00000 1 0 RMB onshore & offshore benchmark rates 6.3 5 7 10 3.50000 Years 3.00000 2.50000 2.00000 Onshore China Government Bonds (CGB) Bonds Onshore AAA Bonds Offshore CGB Bond Offshore Investment Grade Bonds SHIBOR HIBOR 1.50000 1.00000 02 Source: Bloomberg, ChinaBonds, BNP Paribas Investment Partners, 28 January 2014 16 Aug14 02 16 Sep14 01 18 Oct14 02 16 Nov14 02 16 Dec14 04 17 Jan15 03 Source: Reuters The 3rd largest bond market in the world Investor base - Onshore market just opening to the world Policy banks 7% Foreign 2% Others 4% Securities brokers 1% Credit unions 2% Managed funds 10% Insurance companies 9% Commercial banks 67% Investor Type Source: Wind All About RMB|11 Domestic 98% Banks and insurance companies are the dominant players– they are more conservative and tend to buy and hold Foreign investors still represent a very small part of the market players but growing - thanks to increasing quota There are 3 types of trading account, Type A, B, C. Offshore investors qualify for C status China onshore bond market – Base rate and credit spreads Yield curves and market spreads Global Government Yield Curves 6.00 US UK Japan German RMB Bond Credit Spreads China CNH China 9.0% 8.0% 5.00 7.0% Yield (%) 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 6.0% 5.0% AA 4.0% Gov 3.0% AAA 2.0% AA+ 1.0% 0.0% 6M 1Y 2Y 3Y 4Y 5Y 6Y 7Y 8Y 9Y 10Y 12Y 15Y 20Y 25Y 30Y 0 5 10 15 Source: Bloomberg, BNP Paribas Investment Partners, January 2014 20 25 30 Maturity(years) Source: Wind, January 2014 The Government bond curve is relatively flat with little premium for long tenor bonds Central government plays a dominant role in allocating credit in the economy: There is value in the short end of the curve for investors looking at comparable U.S., Euro or Japanese government bonds - There has not been a default in the Chinese onshore bond market - Only firms with high credit ratings can access the corporate bond market. Therefore most issuers have a local AAA rating The stability of the Chinese Yuan in the face of the recent Asian or global crisis plus the relatively high level of risk free government bonds makes it a very appealing product to invest in - Most of the frequent issuers are state backed enterprises. - Some big private sector companies also have access to debt markets Once again access/quota is the issue as the offshore government bond offer is extremely limited in size - The buildup of a proper credit curve pricing is very high on the priority list of the Chinese authorities as credit bonds will have an important role to play in the disintermediation of the economy With its age dependency ratio evolution, China might nevertheless become a major issuer in the global financial markets in the future Returns can reach up to 5% yield for AAA issuer with 5 years maturity Onshore Rating System – Little credit differentiation? Historical Upgrade / Downgrade Downgrade China Bond Market Upgrade Up/Down Ratio Downgrade 1800 1.53 1500 1.09 1200 1.01 1.8 1.5 1.2 0.93 900 0.9 600 0.6 300 0 0.28 0.29 2008 2009 0.3 2010 2011 2012 2013 0.0 Upgrade Up/Down Ratio 37.20 400 40.0 23.86 300 30.0 20.57 20.0 200 100 0 5.53 6.40 10.0 2.79 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 0.0 2013 Source: Bloomberg, BNP Paribas Local Credit Rating Agencies Three major domestic credit rating agencies (over 90% market share). The PBoC serves as the main supervisory authority of the credit rating industry CCXI (中诚信) – established in 1992, a joint venture partner of Moody’s (49% stake) China Lianhe Credit Rating (联合资信) – established in 2000, a joint venture partner of Fitch Ratings (49% stake) Dagong International Credit Rating (大公国际) – established in 1994, has all franchise qualifications in China Since corporate default data is very limited, domestic debt rating cannot sufficiently reflect the full differences in credit quality among various issuers All About RMB|12 Equity The 3rdMarket largest bond market in the world US bond market RMB FX market In FX markets, these three currencies are the same yet different USDCNY onshore Deliverable Spot/Fwd Key Features USDCNY Non Deliverable Fwd (NDF) USDCNH Offshore Deliverable Spot/Fwd It is a deliverable RMB market but in onshore China only Offshore non deliverable RMB market Offshore deliverable RMB market traded outside China Spot and forward are allowed Usually cash settled in USD Spot and forward are allowed Full range of derivative products No spot, only NDF Full range of derivative products Daily trading band +/- 2% of PBoC Fixing Full range of derivative products Fixing Page, Reuters “CNHFIX=” 11:15am Hong Kong time, contributed by 18 banks in HK including BNP Paribas PBoC fixing for NDF/Option, Reuters “SAEC” 9:15am Beijing time Price /USD CNY Spot CNY Fixing CNH Fixing 6.36 6.34 6.32 6.30 6.28 6.2615 6.26 Historical Evolution 6.2564 6.24 6.22 6.20 6.18 6.16 6.14 6.1335 6.12 6.1 6.08 Q2 2012 Q3 2012 Q4 2012 Q1 2013 Q2 2013 Q3 2013 Q4 2013 Q1 2014 Q2 2014 Q3 2014 Spot (30 Jan 2015) Settlement Liquidity Bid/Offer Spread Fixing Page Products Allowed Q1 2015 Source: BNP Paribas, Reuters Market liquidity for forward contracts Onshore RMB Q4 2014 Offshore NDF Offshore CNH 6.1135 Fixing: 6.2609 6.2463 Deliverable Forward Non Deliverable Forward Cash-settled in US$ Deliverable Forward Daily turnover US$18 bio Daily turnover US$4 bio Daily turnover US$10 bio Spot bid / offer 5 pips Up to US$20 mio Spot bid / offer 10 pips Up to US$40 mio Spot bid/ offer 3 pips Up to US$5 mio N/A Published at 9:15am Beijing time Reuters Page “SAEC” Fixed at 11:00am & published at 11:15am Hong Kong time Reuters Page “CNHFIX=” Spot / Forward / Options, structured products Spot / Forward / Options, exotics and structured products Spot / Forward / Options, exotics and structured products Source: BNP Paribas, Reuters RMB appreciation is stable compared to other Asian currencies RMB FX market 156 152 148 144 140 135 133.0786 129.6508 128.7897 128 126.4234 124 121.1618 117.5014 115.7522 108 104 100 99.5350 92 88 84 82.1534 76 72 68 Q1 06 Q2 06 Q3 06 Q4 06 Q1 07 Q2 07 Q3 07 Q4 07 Q1 08 Q2 08 Q3 08 Q4 08 Q1 09 Q2 09 Q3 09 Q4 09 Q1 10 Q2 10 Q3 10 Q4 10 Q1 11 Q2 11 Q3 11 Q4 11 Q1 12 Q2 12 Q3 12 Q4 12 Q1 13 Q2 13 Q3 13 Q4 13 Q1 14 Q2 14 Source: Reuters All About RMB|13 AUD THB IDR PHP KRW MYR JPY SGD CNY A Guide to: How to invest in China? Onshore Foreign Invested Enterprises (FIEs) Offshore Investor Quota Universe (P.22) Without Quota Onshore Products Active Management Solutions (P.16) Offshore Products (P.15) Derivative solutions (P.18) Direct Access Equity Fund Advisory and Custody (P.23-24) Onshore Products Bond Fund Products Deposits Certificate CNH Bond Fund BNP Paribas China RMB Bond Fund Direct Access Primary Secondary H shares, Red chips Large set of solutions not denominated in RMB Mixed BNP Paribas solutions RQFII ETFs QFII ETFs Structured products Warrants (P.18) Flexifund Equity China A (P.16) Bonds Long Duration Equity Funds Liquidity Term and Structured Investment Forex and Money Market Equities Advisory and Custody (P.23-24) Short Duration Direct Access Forex and Money Market Deposits RQFII Bond Fund (P.17) Flexifund Bond RMB (P.17) Flexifund Short Term RMB Government Policy Bank Credit Bonds Money Market Funds Term and Structured Investment (P.26) 99% 99% 99% 99% N/A N/A Market Access N/A N/A N/A 1% 1% 25% 75% 75% N/A 1. Liquidity: availability of getting your investment money back upon request. The scale is from 1 to 3 stars. 1 the lowest, 3 the highest 2. Market Access: how much of the total asset class is available to investors CNH HKD CNY All About RMB|14 How to invest in China? Equities Bonds 1. Without Quota I am an offshore investor without quota, what options do I have? Key points: RMB offshore products are fast developing allowing exposure to a strong and stable currency Investors can access the RMB securities markets through synthetic solutions More and more active management funds are developed from offshore Offshore products in RMB are fast developing In the RMB offshore centres, new products have appeared to answer the needs of local and international investors. They range from CNH deposit solutions, CNH bonds ("Dim Sum", "Formosa"), RMB Real Estate Investment Trust, Warrants and some Equity tracker funds. We expect new products to be developed soon in all offshore RMB centres in the form of certificates, stock listings Significant growth in the CNH market Fixed income CNH Market Yearly Supply CNY bio Number of Issues 800 350 700 300 600 250 500 200 400 150 300 100 200 50 100 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 1,200 2013 2014 0 CNH Bond Outstandings HK CNY Deposit 1,000 Number of Issues New Issue Volume 400 0 CNY bio 900 450 Number of volume I am an offshore investor without quota, what options do I have? and more asset management solutions. CNY1004bio as of December 2014 800 Supplydemand imbalance 600 400 CNY562bio 200 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Source: Bloomberg, BNP Paribas Pool of RMB deposits in Hong Kong totalled CNY 1,004 bio by the end of December 2014. Although investors no longer expect CNY to appreciate considerably and CNY fund growth rate has slowed, insufficient investment products have still led to a significant supply-demand imbalance, which drives the growth in the CNH bond market. CNT deposits in Taiwan have reached CNY 290 bio and will continue to grow as Taiwanese retail switches more and more investments towards RMB. All About RMB|15 Offshore CNH bond market - Investor base Recent CNH transactions investor distribution Other Europe 2% 11% Other 5% Institutions & Pension 11% Asset/ Fund Managers 35% Investor Base Singapore 14% - Global FI Investors - Corporates - Private Banks - Fund Manger - similar investor base for HKD and other Asian local currency bonds Private Banks 20% Source: BNP Paribas Banks 29% HK/ China 73% Since 2010, BNP Paribas has systematically been ranked as a top 3 underwriter in the CNH bond Source: Bloomberg market Offshore RMB equities – the next frontier Singapore, Hong Kong, London and the other offshore centres are all looking at RMB stock listings as a new way to diversify investor portfolios. We expect significant changes in this space in 2014 Active management solutions BNP Paribas Investment Partners BNP Paribas Investment Partners has developed several funds that use our QFII and RQFII quotas to provide access to offshore investors. These solutions are managed by our Chinese market specialists. Traditional approach: Flexifund Equity China “A” BNP Paribas Investment Partners launched its China A shares strategy in 2004, and Flexifund Equity China A was one of the first China A shares funds in the market The strategy is based on a bottom up fundamental approach focusing on the long-term appreciation of listed companies. The portfolio manager explores driving forces behind share prices and identifies the difference between market price and intrinsic value BNP Paribas Investment Partners is one of the largest managers for international investors, with USD 1.35 bio of assets managed by a dedicated equity team for QFII (Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors)* Risk HIGH RISK Return Liquidity Market Access 75% * Data as at September 2013 All About RMB|16 Equity management Active Market solutions A large team of more than 15 analysts is based in Shanghai to identify investment ideas benefiting from quality growth, often overlooked by market participants Innovative approach: Flexifund Equity China “A” Fund of Funds* Flexifund Equity China A Fund of Funds provides innovative access to a selection of the best in breed Chinese onshore equity managers As the Chinese market can be relatively volatile, this fund of funds structure can be an option for enhancing diversification, maintaining low volatility and targeting relative outperformance in any market conditions BNP Paribas Investment Partners’ investment process is managed by experts in both fund selection and operational due diligence and so offers a high quality, innovative way to invest in onshore Chinese equities Risk Return Liquidity HIGH RISK Market Access 75% *To be launched soon Invest in onshore Chinese bonds via BNP Paribas Investment Partners’ QFII funds We have been managing a QFII fixed income strategy since 2007, when the first QFII fixed income fund, Flexifund Short Term RMB, was launched. This is a bond fund with most of its assets invested in money market instruments, Chinese government bonds, both denominated in RMB, with an average maturity of less than 12 months In 2010, we launched Flexifund Bond RMB to offer exposure to Chinese corporate and government bonds (up to 80% in corporate and not less than 20% in government). All the bonds are of high quality, with a minimum credit rating of AA-. Current yield to maturity is 5.12% for an average maturity of 2.49 years (data as at September 2013) All our bond portfolios are designed to offer stability, liquidity and profitability. The investment process we have developed includes a credit analysis scorecard and a structured idea generation framework to generate alpha when investing in Chinese fixed income markets Risk Return Liquidity MEDIUM RISK Market Access 99% Invest in onshore Chinese bonds via BNP Paribas Investment Partners’ Joint Venture’s RQFII funds Equity management Active Market solutions Since December 2011, BNP Paribas Investment Partners’ joint venture is offering RQFII bond funds, allowing the general public to invest in the onshore bond market The broad Fixed Income market is part of the investment universe of the strategy, which includes the inter-bank bond market and the exchange traded bond market Our RQFII strategy leverages the long experience we have with QFII and allows investors to deal on a daily basis Risk MEDIUM RISK All About RMB|17 Return Liquidity Market Access 99% Derivative solutions Global Equities and Commodity Derivatives BNP Paribas Global Equities & Commodity Derivatives (GECD) provides a wealth of offshore RMB equity products for investors. From listed warrants to structured derivative instruments BNP Paribas GECD offers: Award winning 1 listed warrants in RMB Equity derivatives products leveraging on our dedicated research and strategy teams’ capacity Liquidity for QFII ETFs and is top 3 2 market maker for iShares FTSE A50 China QFII ETF (2823.HK) Liquidity for RQFII ETFs 1 Source: 2 Based 2013 RMB Business Outstanding Award by Metro Broadcast and Wen Wei Po on YTD market share. Source: Bloomberg , data as at 8th November 2013 How do QFII ETFs & RQFII ETFs work? QFII ETFs QFII ETFs can either use the fund manager’s own QFII quota to buy the A shares, or (more commonly) access the A shares market via A shares linked market access products (MAP) issued by 3rd parties These ETFs are mostly listed in Hong Kong Fund manager accesses A shares through MAP Investor QFII ETFs Indirect access to A Shares market via a 3rd party MAP issuer Direct access to A Shares market Fund manager uses own QFII quota RQFII ETFs The equity RQFII ETFs Asset Under Management (AUM) has grown to $4.8bn across 7 ETFs* (see below list) These ETFs are all listed in Hong Kong in HKD & CNH Each of the below ETFs currently make provision for 10% capital gain tax by withholding *Source: Bloomberg, data as at 8th November 2013 Name RQFII ETFs RQFII ETFs Benchmark CSOP FTSE CHINA A50 ETF FTSE A50 ChinaAMC CSI 300 IDX ETF CSI300 ChinaAMC CES China A80 Index ETF CES China A80 E Fund CSI100 A share ETF CSI100 E Fund CES China 120 Index ETF CES China 120 Harvest MSCI China A IDX MSCI China A Harvest MSCI China A 50 Index ETF MSCI China A 50 A Shares market Currency BBG code HKD 2822 HK CNY 82822 HK HKD 3188 HK CNY HKD 83188 HK 3180 HK CNY 83180 HK HKD 3100 HK CNY 83100 HK HKD 3120 HK CNY 83120 HK HKD 3118 HK CNY 83118 HK HKD 3136 HK CNY 83136 HK All About RMB|18 Equity Market Derivative solutions Investor 2. Quota Process Then how can I have access to my own quota? Foreign investors need to apply for quotas before investing in the Chinese mainland. There are three types of quotas currently available to different types of investors: QFII (Qualified Foreign Institutional Investment) RQFII (RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investment), and three institutions quota (Foreign Central Banks, RMB Clearing Banks in Hong Kong and Macau, Offshore RMB Trade Settlement Banks). Which quota for which market? Equityhow Then Market can I have access to my own quota? Each quota type provides a different channel to the Chinese securities market. While QFII were initially designed for access to Chinese equities, the other quotas have been more organised around bond products. There is nevertheless more and more convergence between RQFII and QFII to provide a fully-fledged offer covering bonds and equities .The exception is the three institutions quota, which was designed to provide exclusive access to Chinese bonds for banks and central banks which already have RMB liquidity offshore through deposits or cross currency swap lines. Foreign Investors Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (QFII) RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (RQFII) Foreign Central Banks, RMB Clearing Banks in HK and Macau Offshore RMB Trade Settlement Banks Market Type Exchange markets: CNY 0.7 trillion bonds (2.7% of total Chinese bond market) and CNY 3.2 trillion stocks Trading System Custodian Settlement Regulator Shanghai / Shenzhen Stock Exchange CSDCC CSRC * Subject to relevant licence Interbank bond market: CNY 28.7 trillion bonds (96.3% of total Chinese bond market) CCDC CFETS PBoC, NDRC and MoF SHCH Source: BNP Paribas All About RMB|19 Which quota for which investor? Foreign Fund/Asset Management Banks Three Institutions Quota QFII RQFII Restrictions For Foreign Central Banks, RMB Clearing Banks and Offshore RMB Trade Settlement Banks Any offshore investor For financial institutions in offshore RMB centres: Hong Kong, Taiwan*, London*, Singapore* etc Definition Three institutions quota is the quota for specially approved institutions by PBoC. Only access granted is interbank bond market (PBoC) QFII stands for Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor. Issued in 2002, it allows foreign investors to invest in domestic securities market (CSRC/SAFE) RQFII stands for Renminbi Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor. The programme was launched in December 2011 and the original amount was CNY 20 bio (today CNY 500 bio) (CSRC/SAFE/PBoC) Currency CNY USD CNY Number of investors Over 60 qualified investors 262 financial institutions (as at 01/2015) 27 HK units of Chinese funds & security firms (as at 2013) Quota Estimated: CNY 250 bio $68bio Allocated out of $150 bio total quota Initial: CNY 20 bio (12/2011) Investment Category Fixed income products in interbank bond market * details still to be defined Source: BNP Paribas Onshore equity, warrant, bonds, stock index futures in exchange market & security funds, and fixed income products in interbank bond market 80%: onshore fixed income products <20%: onshore equity & funds HK units of Chinese commercial banks, Insurance firms and financial institutions registered or having major operations in HK RQFII in Taiwan (Rules & regulations to be defined) RQFII in London RQFII in Singapore Additional: Additional: Additional: Additional: CNY 80 bio CNY 50 bio CNY 200 bio CNY 100 bio (15/10/ (04/2012) (11/2012) (01/2013) 2013) Additional: CNY 50 bio (22/10/ 2013) Onshore equity, warrant, bonds, stock index futures in exchange Onshore A shares ETFs market & security listed in HK funds, and exchange fixed income products in interbank bond market Usage objective not specified Usage objective not specified Several quota options are available in the offshore centres, BNP Paribas can advise on the right process for you Usage objective not specified All About RMB|20 Equity Market Which quota for which investor? Securities Firms Insurance Companies Central Banks How to get a quota? QFII & RQFII application and approval process Foreign Investor Step 1 Entrust a domestic securities company to handle its domestic exchange securities transaction activities Step 2 Entrust a commercial bank as cash custodian to manage assets. If foreign investor wants to invest in interbank bond market, it must entrust a commercial bank that is qualified for both custodian and clearing settlement (in this case, needs to apply to PBoC) Step 3 Rejected CSRC sends a written notice to applicant Approval based on opinion from SAFE (CSRC) Application for QFII / RQFII through custodian (CSRC, SAFE) Approved CSRC issues a securities investment license Step 4 Approved Safe issues a Forex certificate(QFII) or a Registration certificate (RQFII) Application for investment quota through custodian (SAFE) RQFII Rejected SAFE sends a written notice to applicant QFII Step 5 Special RMB account (each type of investment requires an individual special RMB account) Account Opening (Custodian bank) Forex Account (QFII only) Exchange bond market Exchange stock market Interbank bond market Institutions specially approved by PBoC Foreign Central Banks RMB Clearing Banks in HK and Macau Step 1 Offshore RMB Trade Settlement Banks Step 2 Application to PBoC Approved PBoC issues a securities investment license and approves investment quota Foreign Central Banks can entrust PBoC directly as settlement agency Entrust a qualified agency in interbank bond market (46 qualified banks) Rejected PBoC sends a written notice to applicant Open Special RMB Account EquitytoMarket How get a quota? Step 3 Step 4 CCDC Type C Account Special RMB account SHCH Indirect Settlement Member Account CFETS CFETS Settlement Account BNP Paribas Group can assist you in your application for quota, timeline for approval varies All About RMB|21 Bond Investment Source: BNP Paribas 3. Quota Universe What can BNP Paribas offer me now that I have my quota? Key points: BNP Paribas (China) Ltd is a major bond trading house in the Chinese onshore market We are able to explain what happens in the bond market following international standards providing credit analysis and strategic views For investors who have obtained their quota, we can arrange full service including advisory, execution and custody through our Investment Solutions platform Fixed income BNP Paribas is a market leader in RMB onshore bonds dealing ChinaBond.com.cn 中國債券信息網 China Bond Trading Volume Ranking 2009 2010 2013 BNP Paribas among foreign banks 2 1 3 2 5 BNP Paribas among all types of dealers 20 11 16 15 18 3. BNP Paribas (China) Ltd confirms and inputs trade details into CFETS 1. Trade execution between BNP Paribas (China) Ltd and client BNP Paribas (China) Ltd Offshore Client 4. Once CFETS ticket is generated and matched, settlement bank will conduct settlement for client CFETS 2. Client sends trade details to its settlement bank 2011 2012 Qualified Settlement Bank CCDC 3. Settlement bank confirms trade CFETS on behalf of clients All About RMB|22 Equitycan What Market BNP Paribas offer me now that I have my quota? At BNP Paribas (China) Ltd, we not only speak the language, we also understand the onshore bond specificities and the market dynamics in China. Our unique credit and rates platform allows maximum access to bond research and trade ideas. We have the right experience, size and portfolio to match international standards in quality of service, while interfacing seamlessly with any Chinese underwriter or dealer. Onshore bond trading capacity Wide-ranging Rates Bonds Inventory MoF Bonds (CGB) PBoC Bonds China Development Bank The Export-Import Bank of China Agricultural Development Bank of China Policy Bank Bond We manage over 80 tradable credit names, one of the strongest foreign bank credit bond trading desks in China The Top 30 corporate bond issues comprised half of all outstanding bonds Dominated by State-owned companies (26 out of Top 30 issuers) Most liquid credit bonds China National Petroleum Corporation China Three Gorges State Grid Corporation of China China Railway Corporation (former Ministry of Railway) Shenhua Group China’s most liquid credit bonds in inventory Top 30 issuers of corporate bonds in the People’s Republic of China (data as at September 2013) Outstanding Amont Issuers 1. China Railway Corporation 2. China National Petroleum 3. State Grid Corporation of China 4. Industrial and Commercial Bank of China 5. Bank of China 6. China Construction Bank 7. Agricultural Bank of China 8. China Petroleum & Chemical 9. Central Huijin Investment 10. Petrochina 11. China Guodian 12. China Minsheng Bank 13. Shenhua Group 14. China Power Investment 15. Bank of Communications 16. Shanghai Pudong Development Bank 17. China Three Gorges Project 18. China Southern Power Grid 19. Industrial Bank 20. China Life 21. China Merchants Bank 22. State-Owned Capital Operation and Management Center of Beijing 23. China Huaneng Group 24. Citic Group 25. Huaneng Power International 26. China Everbright Bank 27. Tianjin Infrastructure Investment Group 28. China Datang 29. Bank of Beijing 30. Aluminum Corporation of China Limited Total Top 30 LCY Corporate Issuers Total LCY Corporate Bonds Top 30 as % of Total LCY Corporate Bonds LCY = Local currency LCY Bonds (CNY billion) LCY Bonds (US$ billion) State-owned Listed Company 827.00 340.00 339.50 230.00 219.90 200.00 150.00 134.70 109.00 107.50 107.10 102.30 92.00 87.90 86.00 79.20 77.50 70.50 68.00 68.00 61.70 58.50 135.11 55.55 55.47 37.58 35.93 32.67 24.51 22.01 17.81 17.56 17.50 16.71 15.03 14.36 14.05 12.94 12.66 11.52 11.11 11.11 10.08 9.56 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes No Transporation Energy Public Utilities Banking Banking Banking Banking Energy Diversified Financial Energy Public Utilities Banking Energy Public Utilities Banking Banking Public Utilities Public Utilities Banking Insurance Banking Diversified Financial 58.20 53.50 53.00 52.70 47.80 45.70 43.50 43.00 4,013.74 8,246.74 49% 9.51 8.74 8.66 8.61 7.81 7.47 7.11 7.03 655.74 1,347.31 49% Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Public Utilities Diversified Financial Public Utilities Banking Capital Goods Public Utilities Banking Raw Materials Type of industry Notes: 1. Data as at end-September 2013. 2. State-owned firms are defined as these in which the government has more than a 50% ownership stake. Source: AsianBondsOnline calculations based on Wind data. Quota advisory service BNP Paribas Investment Partners Equity Quota Market advisory service Ever since the Chinese regulators increased the pace of granting (R)QFII licenses and quota, there is an increasing demand for Investment advisory services for China onshore investments The relatively small size of the majority of newly allotted quotas, combined with the complexity of the onshore market leads the new quota holders towards partnering with an experienced manager to (co) manage the QFII/RQFII portfolio BNP Paribas Investment Partners’ joint venture (海富通基金) can leverage on almost 10 years of QFII management experience when servicing these new investors Around 25% of the total international business (in terms of assets) of the joint venture (海富通基金) today is under investment advisory agreements (excluding delegated management), totalling USD 720 million The advisory services differ in level of discretion depending on the mandate. It varies from advice on stock picking to handling a day-to-day portfolio All About RMB|23 Asset owner and asset manager custody services BNP Paribas Securities Services What is important to you as an asset manager? What is important to you as an asset owner? Capture distribution opportunities and broaden footprint Protect your investments Build a scalable service model from distribution support Evaluate your portfolios to back office operation Monitor your risks Reduce risk and cost Enhance your returns Navigate the changing regulatory environment Implement efficient reporting QDII QFII USD investments Chinese domestic institutional investors who want to invest overseas QDII version 2 (RQDII) CIRC Chinese domestic insurance companies who want to invest overseas Mutual recognition platform Reciprocity agreement between China and HK which permits recognised Hong Kong funds to be marketed in China and recognised China funds to be marketed in Hong Kong (in progress) RQFII RMB investments from HK, Taiwan, Singapore and the UK etc. Other offshore centres Covering all your needs to benefit from QFII and RQFII Schemes Core Asset Servicing Hong Kong and Singapore Trustee Investment Accounting & Fund Administration Local Transfer Agency Full RMB Servicing Open Architecture with Local Custodians in China Dealing Services Derivatives Clearing Fund Dealing Services Servicing in your time zone and your language Client’s choice of China onshore custodian Value Added Services Middle Office Outsourcing Investment Reporting and Performance Cash Management and Foreign Exchange Collateral Management Security Lending and Borrowing 360 Solutions for Asset Owners Robust and flexible QFII suite of services with Asian competitive edge for asset owners Un-matched offering in terms of asset segregation and protection High touch, consultative service approach Servicing in your time zone and your language All About RMB|24 Equity Asset owner Marketand asset manager custody services Investment Compliance Global and Local Clearing and Settlement End-to-end service model for setting up RQFII and QFII funds Enhance distribution reach via BNP Paribas SIF/QIF/Cayman fund service model Global Custody Dealing, Clearing and Custody Services 360 Solutions for Asset Managers 4. Onshore FIEs What extra accesses would I have with an onshore entity? With some further qualification, investors setting up onshore entities will have an easier access to the RMB markets without the constraints of quota. Some products are also only available onshore where the interest rate level tends to be higher than offshore. Bank deposits and structured investment products yield much higher returns than offshore RMB deposits. Nevertheless the onshore regulatory environment can be quite complex to navigate and one must be aware of the constraints of operating under the supervision of the Chinese authorities. Who are the Chinese regulators? Banks (branch, locally incorporated banks); Trusts Insurance / reinsurance companies Security firms and Asset Managers China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) China Insurance Regulatory Commission (CIRC) China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) Industry Regulators The three regulators provide licensing and approve new product launches in the industry What extra access would I have with an onshore entity? People's Bank of China (PBoC) regulates money market, control and licensing of the RMB market Central Bank National Association of Financial Market Institutional Investors (NAFMII) regulates China’s over-the-counter market under PBoC supervision State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) regulates all FX market and administrate FX system How to set up an onshore entity – FDI policy Encouraged & Permitted Foreign Investment Foreign Investment Project Restricted Foreign Investment Project Approval FIE Approval ≥$500 mio State Council MOFCOM $300 mio to $500 mio NDRC MOFCOM <$300 mio Local DRC Local Commerce Authority ≥$100 mio State Council MOFCOM $50 mio to $100 mio NDRC MOFCOM <$50 mio Local DRC Local Commerce Authority Forbidden Foreign Investment All About RMB|25 Source: BNP Paribas Source: BNP Paribas Obtaining government approval General Approval Process of Inbound FDI for joint ventures, WOFE or other corporate structures Foreign Investor Chinese Partner Step 1 Applicant Letter of Intent and Cooperation Agreement (Chinese party to the JV; foreign investor for WOFE) (if applicable) Anti-Monopoly Review (MOFCOM) (if applicable) National Security Review Step 3 (Ministerial Panel) (if applicable) Pre-Approval of Land-Use Rights Opinion on Planned Location Environmental Impact Assessment Approval for the Use of State Assets or State-Owned Land-Use Rights (Land and Resources Dept) (if applicable) Step 2 (Planning Dept) Name Pre-Approval (Environmental Protection Dept) (AICs) (SASAC) (if applicable) Step 5 Step 4 Consultation with Industry Regulator and Qualified Consultation Institution Approval of Project Proposal (DRCs) Step 7 Approval of Related Contracts, Articles of Association, and Formation of FIE (MOFCOM) Step 6 Registration of Enterprise (AICs) Pre-Approval / Licence from Industry Regulator (if applicable) Source: BNP Paribas Fixed Income Onshore products available through BNP Paribas (China) Ltd Time deposits range from 3 months to 5 years Call deposits range from 1 day to 7 days Structured investment products linked to international indices Interest Rate Swap in CNY Cross Currency Swap in CNY FX products in CNY In order to access the securities market onshore, Foreign Invested Enterprises (FIEs) need to obtain qualification from the relevant regulators All About RMB|26 What extra access would I have with an onshore entity? Example of products available only onshore BNP Paribas Investment Partners’ joint venture: Funded in 2003 - one of the first joint ventures in China BNP Paribas Investment Partners For institutional clients A range of 23 Mutual Funds We manage: Active management of equities enterprises’ annuities Passive management of equities segregated accounts Fixed Income national social security fund totalling Money Market Over 100 accounts valued at more than USD 6.5 billion Balanced Solutions More than USD 3.65 billion A large set of investment opportunities provided onshore Equity From Stock Picking to Passive : Focus on quality Solid choices to invest in Chinese Bonds: Broad range of choices to invest in equity : Long Term investment in government and from active to passive corporate bonds, focus on stable returns: 33 investment professionals specialising in Stable Interest Enhanced Strategy equities Medium term investment in government Alpha strategies aim to invest in quality and corporate bonds: Solid Gain Fixed growth companies Example of products available only onshore Fixed Income Money Market Cash Management and AAA Fitch Rated solutions Income Balanced From Flexibility to Income: Strategies vary from flexible asset allocation HFT Liquid Money: the only fund to have a between equity and fixed income to Income AAA Fitch rating, backed by an asset Management strategy (Retirement Income manager “High Standard” (CHN) rated Balanced, Income Growth) All About RMB|27 Appendix Glossary of useful terms Currency Abbreviations Abbreviation Full Name Definition CNH Offshore Chinese Yuan in HK An acronym for offshore deliverable Chinese Yuan traded outside China; Trade settlement process in Hong Kong CNS Offshore Chinese Yuan in Singapore An acronym for offshore deliverable Chinese Yuan traded outside China; Trade settlement process in Singapore CNT Offshore Chinese Yuan in Taiwan An acronym for offshore deliverable Chinese Yuan traded outside China; Trade settlement process in Taiwan CNY Chinese Yuan CNY is the International Organization for Standardization code for the currency RMB Renminbi 人民幣 “Renminbi” is the Chinese pronunciation. Investors Abbreviations Abbreviation Full Name FIE Foreign Invested Enterprise JV Joint Venture WOFE Wholly Owned Foreign Enterprise QFII Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor RQFII RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor Three Types of Institutions Foreign central banks, RMB clearing banks in HK and Macau, Offshore RMB trade settlement banks QDII Qualified Domestic Institutional Investor Onshore RMB Regulators Abbreviation Full Name Definition Implications for Investors CBRC China Banking Regulatory Commission Regulates China’s banking institutions Regulates FIE (Foreign Invested Enterprise) RMB fund raising approval CSRC China Securities Regulatory Commission Regulates China’s securities markets In charge of qualification approval of QFII and RQFII CIRC China Insurance Regulatory Commission CSDCC China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation Manages securities investors accounts Provides custodian/settlement services for QFII investments in exchange bond market CCDC China Central Depository and Clearing Corporation Centralized depository and settlement for the interbank bond market. Manages type C Special RMB account for bond investment In charge of bond transaction settlement for interbank bond market DRC Local Level Development and Reform Commission MOF Ministry of Finance National agency which administers macroeconomic policies and the national annual budget. It also handles fiscal policy, economic regulations and government expenditure for the state Regulates capital investment of RQFII and Three Types of Organizations MOFCOM Ministry of Commerce National executive agency responsible for formulating policy on foreign trade, export and import regulations, foreign direct investments negotiating trade agreement, etc Manages FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) approval in large volume In charge of approval for FIE (Foreign Invested Enterprise) RMB fund raising through issuance of CNH bonds and shareholder loans NAFMII National Association of Financial Market Institutional Investors A self-regulatory organization which regulates China’s over-the-counter market under PBoC supervision In charge of registration for FIE (Foreign Invested Enterprise) RMB fund raising through issuance of CNY bonds NDRC National Development and Reform Commission Studies and formulates policies for economic and social development, maintains the balance of economic development, and guides the restructuring of China's economic system In charge of project approval for FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) in large volume and regulates capital investment of RQFII and Three Types of Organizations Regulates the Chinese Insurance products and services market and maintains legal and stable operations of insurance industry In charge of project approval for Chinese domestic insurance investing overseas All About RMB|28 Glossary of & Terminology useful terms In charge of project approval for foreign direct investment in small volume Onshore RMB Regulators Abbreviation Full Name Definition Implications for Investors PBoC People’s Bank of China Chinese central bank which controls monetary policy and regulates financial institutions in China In charge of RMB internationalisation project In charge of qualification approval of foreign central banks, RMB clearing banks in HK and Macau and offshore RMB trade settlement banks (Three Types of Organizations) Regulates capital investment of RQFII and Three Types of Organizations and Regulates FIE (Foreign Invested Enterprise) RMB fund raising approval SAFE State Administration of Foreign Exchange Regulates foreign exchange administration system and manages the country’s foreign exchange market In charge of quota approval for QFII Regulates FIE (Foreign Invested Enterprise) RMB fund raising approval Regulates FIE FX payments and guarantee SAICs State Administration of Industry and Commerce Ministerial level agency which is responsible for market supervision/regulation and law enforcement through administrative means In charge of registration of FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) enterprises SASAC State-Owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission Performs investors’ responsibilities, supervises and manages the assets of the state-owned enterprises under the supervision of Central Government In charge of approval for FDI (Foreign Direct Investment), use of state assets or state-owned land-use rights SHCH Shanghai Clearing House Provides centralized clearing services for spot and derivatives transactions in RMB and foreign currency as well as RMB cross-border transactions In charge of clearing and settlement interbank bond market Manages registration of indirect settlement member accounts for investors CFETS China Foreign Exchange Trade System A sub-institution of People's Bank of China that supervises interbank lending, bond and FX markets Manages investors' trading account registration and interbank bond and FX transaction Onshore Bond Issuing Entities Abbreviation Full Name Definition CDB China Development Bank A financial institution in China led by a cabinet minister level Governor, under the direct jurisdiction of the State Council. It is one of the three policy banks in China. Its primary responsibility is raising funding for large infrastructure projects. Regulated by People's Bank of China (PBoC) and China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC). ADBC Agricultural Development Bank of China A state-owned agricultural policy bank under the direct administration of the State Council. Its main task is raising funds for agricultural policy businesses. ADBC's business is under the regulation and supervision of the People's Bank of China (PBoC) and China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC). EXIM Bank Export - Import Bank of China One of three policy banks in China chartered to implement the state policies in industry, foreign trade, diplomacy, economy, and provide policy financial support so as to promote the export of Chinese products and services. Regulated by People's Bank of China (PBoC) and China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC). Glossary of useful terms Offshore RMB Actors and Systems Abbreviation Full Name Definition CHATS Clearing House Automated Transfer System A computer-based system established in HK for the electronic processing and settlement of interbank fund transfers. CHATS operates in a RTGS (real time gross settlement) mode between banks in HK and is designed for large value interbank payments. In Hong Kong, cross border/domestic RMB payments are cleared via CHATS HKMA Hong Kong Monetary Authority Maintains currency stability within the framework of the Linked Exchange Rate system, promotes the stability and integrity of the financial system and manages exchange fund RTGS Real Time Gross Settlement Funds transfer systems where transfer of money or securities takes place from one bank to another on a "real time" and on "gross" basis CNAPS China National Advanced Payment System China’s current payment system for nationwide interbank system and for cross boarder RMB payment clearing CIPS China International Payment System China’s future international payment system All About RMB|29 Contact us RMB Competence Centre Julien Martin Head of RMB Competence Centre BNP Paribas Add 62/F, Two IFC, 8 Finance Street, Hong Kong Tel + 852 2909 8811 Email [email protected] BNP Paribas Investment Partners Emmanuelle Wilbrod Investment Specialist – Asian equities BNP Paribas Add 31/F, Three Exchange Square, 8 Connaught Place, Central, Hong Kong Tel + 852 2533 2208 Email [email protected] Global Equities and Commodity Derivatives Hugo Leung Head of Global Equities and Commodity Derivatives (Greater China) BNP Paribas Add 60/F, Two IFC, 8 Finance Street, Hong Kong Tel + 852 2825 1826 Email [email protected] Fixed Income Simon Chiu Head of Institutional Credit Sales Asia BNP Paribas Add 63/F, Two IFC, 8 Finance Street, Hong Kong Tel + 852 2108 5708 Email [email protected] BNP Paribas Securities Services Angely Yip Sales Director - Asset Owners and Asset Managers- North Asia BNP Paribas Add Pccw Tower Taikoo Place, 979 King’s Road Tel + 852 3197 3548 Email [email protected] Connie Mak Head of Relationship Management - North Asia BNP Paribas Add Pccw Tower Taikoo Place, 979 King’s Road, Hong Kong Tel + 852 3197 3376 Email [email protected] Disclaimer This document is CONFIDENTIAL AND FOR DISCUSSION PURPOSES ONLY and does not constitute an offer or a solicitation to engage in any trading strategy, to purchase or sell any financial instruments, or to enter into any transactions, nor shall it form the basis of or be relied upon in connection with any contract or commitment whatsoever. 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All About RMB|30 Glossaryus Contact & Terminology This document makes reference to certain financial instruments (the “Financial Instrument(s)”) authorized and regulated in its/their jurisdiction(s) of incorporation. No action has been taken which would permit the public offering of the Financial Instrument(s) in any other jurisdiction, except as indicated in the most recent prospectus, offering document or any other information material, as applicable, of the relevant Financial Instrument(s) where such action would be required, in particular, in the United States, to US persons (as such term is defined in Regulation S of the United States Securities Act of 1933). Prior to any subscription in a country in which such Financial Instrument(s) is/are registered, investors should verify any legal constraints or restrictions there may be in connection with the subscription, purchase, possession or sale of the Financial Instrument(s). 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