Document - Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre

This Talk is Dedicated
to
Dr. Bikash Sinha
on
His 70th Birthday
Land acquired 1968; Project Sanctioned 1969; Beam 1977
Today,
I thrill
In the ecstasy of creation.
I smile,
My eyes glitter
And my blood revels
With effervescent splendour
In the ecstasy of my creation.
-Kazi Nazrul Islam
VEC accelerates ~8 MeV alphas!
June 16, 1977
224cm Variable Energy Cyclotron; Operating Since 1977
Training ground of accelerator & nuclear physicists in the country
Utilisation of K130 Variable Energy Cyclotron
(April 2014 to March 2015)
Beam Availability
4599 hrs
13.50%
18.90%
67.60%
Unplanned Shutdown
1286 hrs
Others - 918 hrs
Significant Events
(April 2014 to March 2015)
• Lowest ever beam of 3.33 MeV singly charged
He+ ion beam transported for doing
experiments in channel#2
Projectiles utilised for experiments
(April 2014 to March 2015)
• Alpha : 28 – 60 MeV
• Proton : 7 – 20 MeV
• Deuteron : 25 MeV
• He+: 3.33 MeV
What did we do with the beam?
(April 2014 to May 2015)
1.80% 5.80%
Nuclear Physics
Isotope Production
Analytical Chemistry
30.50%
47.50%
Radiation Damage
RIB
25.20%
7.90%
6.50%
Radio-Chemistry
Improvements are a Continuous Process!
Fabrication of Deflector Electrode for K130 Cyclotron
Challenges:
Accurate contour and good surface finish
in welded Inconel structure
Water cooling channel is present at the
rear side of the electrode.
Functional surface, cooling channels and
flanges are made from Inconel 600 sheet
2.4 mm thick by forming process.
Computer model
Accuracy achieved:
Better than 0.5 mm
along contour
Roughness achieved:
Better than 0.2 micron
Fabricated component
Welding fixture
Large distortion was
avoided using proper
welding fixtures during
TIG welding.
Design of brazing furnace for fabrication of Dee for K130 Cyclotron
Furnace 3D model
K130
RTC
20
Heat Loss (kW)
Dee
t_in = 75 mm
t_in = 100 mm
t_in = 150 mm
18
16
14
12
10
8
1
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Number of radiation shields
Thermal
Heat loss at steady state with SS304 thermal
Radiation
radiation
shields for different brick insulation
shields
thickness
850
Heaters
Temperature (°C)
 Occasional water leakages from Dee cooling lines
have been observed, which may be due to ageing of the
components
Design and manufacturing of a brazing furnace have
been taken up for brazing of cooling lines on the Dee
skin
 Key design inputs:
 Steady state temperature of 800°C during brazing
Inert atmosphere (e.g. Argon gas) inside furnace
chamber
 Key design results:
 Furnace size ~ 3 m (L) x 2 m (B) x 0.8 m (H)
 Heater power ~ 15 kW
Insulation bricks
 Time to attain 800°C ~ 3.5 hours
Job
2
650
450
Heater power = 15 kW
t_in = 150 mm
250
50
0
Fabrication of outer box of
scaled down furnace chamber
at vendor’s site
0.5
1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
Time (in hours)
Temperature rise of Dee in furnace
chamber after initiation of heating
Heavy ion acceleration programme at
K130 Variable Energy Cyclotron
We plan to provide:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Nitrogen (14) → 5+, 6+
Oxygen (16) → 5+, 6+, 7+
Neon (20) → 6+, 7+
Argon (40) → 11+, 12+, 13+
Ni (58) → 16+ and above
Cu (63) → 17+ and above
Zn (65) → 17+ and above
Design and development of beam line for injection of heavy ion in K-130
Cyclotron
All magnets
of the beam
line fabricated
at
departmental
workshop
 Analyzing
magnet pole
gap accuracy
achieved 50
micron.
K-130 cyclotron heavy ion beam Injection line
Plan to inject Heavy ion beam by Jan-2016
ECR Ion Source
Plasma inside the ion source
Massive Renovation
of
The VEC Buildings
(made in early 70s)
The New Look of VECC
Superconducting Cyclotron
Deficiencies and Corrections
VECC SUPERCONDUCTING CYCLOTRON
 Kbend=520
 Accelerate heavy ion beams
 Energy
 80 MeV/nucleon for light ions
 8 MeV/nucleon for heavy ions
 Radio-frequency system
 9-27 MHz
 80 kV maximum Dee voltage
 Superconducting magnet
 Average magnetic field = 5 Tesla
100 Tonnes magnet iron
12.5 Tonnes cryostat
Superconducting Cyclotron with its Beam Line
Accelerated Neon (Ne 3+) Beam
Spot on Viewer Probe
First Beam Acceleration in the Superconducting Cyclotron at VECC (August 25, 2009)
VECC’s Superconducting Cyclotron Accelerates First Beam!
Beam current profile along radius
Neutron and gamma spectrum from Ne + Al nuclear reaction
K500 SUPERCONDUCTING CYCLOTRON EXTERNAL BEAMLINE LAYOUT
What Needs to be Done and Why!
K500 cyclotron modifications
• Modification of Center region
connector
Model of MSU center
region connector
New C.R Connector
machined and installed at
cyclotron
• Beam detectors near centre region
X-Ray plate
Beam detector within 100 mm radius
X-Ray plate for centre region connector-A
SS-Mesh
Helium Gas Vessel- 60 M3 @ 25 bar
MAWP and 15 kL Liquid Nitrogen Tank
Developments in Accelerator
Technology
• 260 ND x 207 mm long
• ETP Cu + 3 layers of 125µ
Kaptan
•Useful to replace Burle 4648
Tetrode in K-130 Cyclotron RF
to EIMAG 150000
•Economical
•Insulation tested upto 30 KV
(requirement 20 KV)
•Capacitance achieved 10000
pf
•Fault rectification very simple
•Fabrication technique
applicable to any other size of
co-axial capacitor model.
Indigenously Built Dilution
Refrigerator cools down
to < 50mK
IVC Flange
Dilution refrigerator set-up
1K-pot (condenser)
Still
Heat Exchanger
(HeX)
Mixing Chamber
Gas handling system at room
temperature
Dilution insert showing
different components
Different stages of development of cryocooler based HTS magnet for test set-up
Sample Insert
Assembling of coils
Coil testing
Coils integration with
cold head
HTS Sample
test
Assembled magnet
coils (16 no)
Superconducting Magnetic Energy System (SMES)
Tested upto 1 MJ Energy at VECC
MOTIVATION : Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) system based Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR)
is used for improvement of power quality against voltage sag that adversely affects industrial processes and critical
facilities leading to increased downtime and thus inefficient utilization of the systems.
Test set-up of the coil
DVR Principle: A DVR constitutes of a dc-dc chopper
for charging the SMES coil. During a Sag, this coil
works as a source to regulate the input DC voltage to a (Top) coil current (blue) & DC-bus voltage boost.
(Middle & Bottom) Mains voltage (pink), load
voltage source inverter (VSI) and maintains the voltage.
voltages (blue, yellow), sag compensation signal
(green).
Design and Development of Sectored-Toroidal
Superconducting Coil for 4.5 MJ SMES
Under SMES technology development at VEC Centre, design of a 4.5 MJ Sector
Toroidal SMES coil using Rutherford type NbTi Superconducting cable was
done. The sector toroid is optimized with Eight nos. of modular type solenoid
coils in series interconnected which will be used for testing 4.5 MJ SMES System.
Present Status
 Design of a 4.5MJ Sector-Toroidal SMES coil is done and Coil under
fabrication in PSI lab at VECC.
 Magnetic and magneto-structural analysis using 3D FEM has been done.
 Cryostat under design- considering minimum heat load & magnetic forces.
Rutherford type superconductor is chosen to minimize the transient
losses during discharge cycle of the SMES unit.
COILS IN CRYOSTAT
Rare Isotope Beam Frontier
&
ANURIB
Layout of RIB Facility at HR cave and Annex building of VECC
`
` Commissioned & Working
`
Fabricated & tested – ready for commissioning
To be installed shortly.
IH-3
ECRIS
Target Ion Source
```
K130 Vault
ANURIB phase-1
building design
• Accelerator layout
frozen
• Discussions started
with DCS&EM Mumbai
• AERB document
being prepared
First electron beam accelerated to 23 MeV in Sept 2014 at TRIUMF
klystrons
cold box
300 kV supply
ACM2 (not
installed)
23 MeV, 10 microAmp
ACM1
(one 9-cell
cavity)
13 MV/m (cw)
10 MV/m (cw)
E-Linac hall at TRIUMF (Sept 2014)
Electron gun chamber & LEBT line for VECC eLinac has been fabricated in Indian industry
Cathode
Buncher
Gun
Electron gun chamber & LEBT line during vacuum tests; Mar
31 2015
LHe distribution system
for VECC e-Linac
•
•
•
•
LHe plant ordered
Cryogenics lines design finalized
Industry survey done
Procurement process started
RIB annex
HR cave-1
Manir Ahhmed, Sundip Ghosh, Sutripta Sur, Anjan Duttagupta, Manas Mondal, Vaishali Naik
RF system for VECC 10 MeV
e-Linac injector
30 kW IOT
Hemendra Kumar Pandey, Vaishali Naik, Amiya Mitra, V. Vazilov
4K-2K test set-up
being assembled
Testisplan
Helium leak test of nitrogen vessel of cryostat
Elliptical top flange
Elliptical vacuum chamber
4K Phase separator
Radiation Shield
2K phase separator
Prototype heat exchanger(1:5)
59
Collinear Laser Spectroscopy Facility
 The collinear laser spectrometer
beamline is fully operational (tested with
stable ion beam 85Rb+ and 87 Rb+).
The facility
 The beam current is kept ~800pA or
even less to mimic the RIB situation.
CEC
 Charge exchange is accomplished (as
seen with decreasing ion current after CEC
is warmed up) and experiment is being
− n σL
carried out to quantify e
Synchronous photon counting
B Gate
(dark)
Trigger Signal
Recorder
A Gate
(bright)
Laser Beam
Ion Beam
PMT
LENS
Charge
Exchange
Cell Atom Beam
Faraday Cup
Chopper
Photon
A-B
Counter
 The synchronous photon detection
system has been tested in a two photon
decay arm 87Rb 5D5/2→6P3/2→5S1/2 with a
number density of ~ 107/c.c using a room
temperature vapour cell.
 We are working on to resolve 85Rb
hyperfine structure. Initial results are
encouraging but far more improvements
needs to be incorporated to resolve all
small hyperfine components.
Foundation stone of Heerak Jayanti Atithi
Griha laid at Rajarhat campus, April 21, 2015
Foundation stone for new guest house cum hostel building was
laid by Dr. Sekhar Basu, Director Bhabha Atomic Research
Centre at VECC’s Rajarhat campus on April 21st, 2015
Heerak Jayanti Atithi Griha – artist’s impression
Heerak Jayanti Atithi Griha – floor plan
•
• G+5 structure
Ground floor: reception
area, outreach
centre, audio-visual
room, medical
centre, crèche and
canteen/dining halls
• 40 hostel
rooms, 24
guest-rooms
and 8 suites
• Conference
rooms and
recreational
facilities for
students
Centre for Nuclear Theory & Hub for ANURIB: Front View
Centre for Nuclear Theory & Hub for ANURIB : Side View
Podium
Second Floor
Typical Floor Plan: 3rd to 10th
MOU Between VECC, DCSEM, and IUC DAE CSR for the Construction
of IUC Building at Rajarhat, 15. 6. 2015
Genesis
1. We been operating a Regional Radiation Medicine Centre
at Saroj Gupta Cancer Research Centre and Welfare
Home for more than 20 years.
2. We are setting up a Medical Cyclotron to produce PET
and (for the first time in the country) SPECT
isotopes, with plans to produce Tc-99m, as well.
3. We have only one Iodine Therapy bed at RRMC and
adding just one more bed is getting quite difficult, for a
variety of reasons; further expansion to include
teaching/training/research is getting enormously difficult.
Genesis (Contd..)
4. Patients from Eastern India are forced to
travel to Mumbai for treatment and often live
on foot-paths for months waiting for their turn.
5. Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (Hajra)
is opening a 800 bed Cancer Hospital about
500 metres away from our Rajarhat Campus.
6. ANURIB and RIB are likely throw up many
more new and very valuable medical isotopes.
LAYOUT PLAN OF RMC.
ENGG. HALL
EXISTING BOUNDARY WALL
SITE PLAN.
PROPOSED EUIPMENT LAYOUT.
PROPOSED EUIPMENT LAYOUT.
GROUND FLOOR PLAN.
FIRST FLOOR PLAN.
REFERRAL WARD LAYOUT (CASE STUDY)
PROPOSED WARD LAYOUT
SECOND FLOOR PLAN.
Medical Cyclotron: Approaching
Realization!
Medical Cyclotron Project (30 MeV, 500 µA p)
Importance in Atomic Energy Program:
• Material Science R&D on structural materials
for Nuclear Reactor
• R&D on LBE target for ADSS
R&D
Societal Benefit:
Production of SPECT (Ga-67, Tl-201) and PET radio-isotopes
and processing radio-pharmaceuticals used in nuclear
imaging of cancerous tumors.
Cyclotron
PET
Expected Date
of
Completion:
ADSS
SPECT
2015
500 μA proton beam with
15 MeV to 30 MeV energy
Utilization:
1.
2.
3.
PET and SPECT isotopes
R&D Experiments in Material
Sciences & radiochemistry
Experiments on liquid metal target
Hot Cells ( 7 Nos.) for production of
SPECT Radio Pharmaceuticals
Radioisotopes to be Produced
Radioisotope
(T1/2)
Ga-67
(78.3 h)
Nuclear Reaction
68Zn(p,
Target
Quantity per
Run
Proton
Energy
(MeV)
Beam
Current
(µAmp)
Average
Irradiation
Time
2n) 67Ga
1 gr
(98% enriched)
28.5
200 *
9.5 h
Tl-201
(73.5 h)
203Tl(p,
3n) 201Pb
(9.4 h)
(EC/β+)
201Pb
201Tl

1 gr
(98% enriched)
28.5
200 *
9.5 h
In-111
(67.9 h)
112Cd(p,
1 gr
(98% enriched)
28.5
200 *
9.5 h
FDG
(1.8 h)
18O(p,
2 gr
(95% enriched
H218O)
18
40
1–2h
2n) 111In
n) 18F
* Wobbling
Medical Applications
Radioisotope
Half – life
Radiopharmaceutical
Diagnostic use
201Tl
73.5 hrs
[201Tl] Thallous chloride
Myocardial perfusion imaging
67Ga
78.3 hrs
[67Ga] Gallium citrate
Soft tissue tumour imaging
(abscess and infection
imaging)
123I
13.2 hrs
[123I] Sodium iodide
Thyroid uptake & imaging
[123I]
Monoclonal Cancer
antibody
111In
68 hrs
[111In] Peptide
Cancer
18F
110 min
[18F]
Regional glucose metabolism
in brain, heart and tumour
Fluorodeoxyglucose
3Tonne EOT crane
at cyclotron vault
RO plant/DM water plant under installation
Compressed
air, Helium, Nitrogen gas
management system
Medical
cyclotron vault
Trench(-2.5m) for
service lines and
cables
Main magnet piers
Visit of Member Finance, DAE on 17th Nov,2014
Visit of engineers of Danfysik,Denmark on 13th Feb,2015
40 Tonne EOT crane at
loading/unloading bay
Dome above front
lobby of main
building
Compressor
building with chiller
units( 210T x4Nos.)
East side wall of
cyclotron main building
West side of cyclotron
main building
Gas management system shed
( Helium, Nitrogen, Hydrogen)
Blower building for
air ventilation &
exhaust system
Sewage Treatment Plant
Visit of Chief Executive, BRIT along with Engineers from M/s. Danfysik, Denmark
on 27th Nov,2014
Material Science R&D Target Vault
Switching
Magnet
ADSS target
irradiation beam line
2.5m X2.5m cutout for lifting of LBE
target cask
Main Magnet
for Medical
Cyclotron
90° Bending Magnet
5th Beam Line
for ADSS target
development
LBE Target
Collaborations with FAIR & Fermi Lab
Sl.
No.
Major Milestone
1
2
Finalize the design of LB650 Cavity
Fabricate 1-cell LB650 Cavity
Process and test 1-cell LB650 Cavity at
Fermilab
3
Design review of 5-cell LB650 Cavity
4
a) Fabrication of 5-cell LB650 Cavity
b) Processing and Vertical testing of 1
5-cell Cavity
c) Dressing of the above LB650
Cavity
d) Testing of 1 5-Cell Dressed LB650
at Fermilab
a) Fabrication of 1 5-cell LB650 Cavity
b) Processing and Vertical testing of 1
5-cell Cavity
c) Dressing of the above LB650
Cavity
d) Testing of 1 5-Cell Dressed LB650
at Fermilab
5
Qty
Delivery
date by
FNAL
30 Jun 2015
31 Jul 2015
31 Oct 2015
Delivery date
by DAE
Current Status
31 Oct 2015
31 July 2015
31 Oct 2015
As per schedule
As per schedule
As per schedule
31 Jul 2015
31 Dec 2015
As per schedule
1
31 Jul 2016
31 Jan 2017
31 Jul 2017
31 Oct 2017
31 Dec 2016
30 Jun 2017
31 Dec 2017
31 Mar 2018
1
31 July 2017
31 Jan 2018
31 July 2018
31 Oct 2018
30 Sep 2017
31 Mar 2018
30 Sep 2018
31 Dec 2018
After successful
completion of the
above activities
(Sl. No.1,2 & 3),
these activities will
start and are
expected to be
completed on
schedule.
1
• Two niobium half cells and beam
pipes formed.
• Fabrication of various fixtures for
EBW completed.
1-cell Niobium cavity under
fabrication
Half cells of Niobium cavity after
cleaning
• 1st phase of EBW : Equator of two
Nb half cells and Two beam pipes
completed.
• EBW between Iris-to-beam pipes
, and beam pipes-to-NbTi Flange is
scheduled to be completed by 15th
July, 2015.
• Cavity is expected to be delivered to
Fermilab by 31-Jul-2015 (as per our
schedule).
Cavity half cells along with fixtures being put inside
EBW machine (@IUAC) for Equator welding
Machining
of formed
Nb half-cell
on fixture
Mock
assembly
of single
cell Nb
cavity with
welding
fixtures
•
1-cell Niobium cavity under
fabrication
Welding of the equator observed on screen
Half cells of Niobium cavity after
cleaning
Cavity half cells along with fixtures being put inside
EBW machine for Equator welding
• Maximum RF Output Power : 1 Kwatt CW
• Frequency of operation: 5- 30 MHz
• Typical Gain > 45 dB
• Gain Flatness : ± 2 dB
• Mode of operation : Class AB
• Efficiency : 65% at Full Power
• Protection against Over temperature
• Ruggedness: Handles extremely high VSWR
• Air-cooled , Over temperature protection
RF Amplifier
Meas &Testing
MOSFET
Impedance Matching
Directional Coupler
Power Combiners
DC Biasing
Q point analysis
Interlocks
Cooling arrangement
• Dual Directional Coupler
Power 1 KW CW, Directivity >15 dB, Coupling ~40 dB
• Harmonic Rejection Filter
Reflection-less Filter, absorptive in reject band
• Gain Adjustment
Up to 10 dB gain adjustment
• Temperature Sensor
Fail safe over temperature protection at 80o C
• RF Power Combiner
Rated Power 1 KW, High isolation between input(s)
low insertion loss
2x250 W RF Amplifier Module
4: 1 RF Combiner development stage
Air Cooled Heat Sink
Developed at VECC Workshop
25 Watt Driver for SSPA with 0o Splitter
VECC at India based Neutrino Observatory
INO MAGNET
R&D on development of
Magnet Coil in VECC.
Prototype Magnet
QTY – 1 No.
• Amp-Turns = 40,000 AT, 2 coils.
• Layers of Iron Plates = 21,
•Total Iron wt.= 680 Ton
• Magnet Size = 8m x 8m x 2.1m
• 38 Turns in each of 2 coils.
• Total Nos. of Turns= 76 Turns.
• Power Supply= 45V, 700 Amp.
PROTOTYPE MAGNET
(Coming up at IICHEP, Madurai)
H=
2.1m
L= 8m
WATER
COOLING
W= 8m
ICAL MAIN MAGNET,
QTY:- 3 Nos.
ICAL
Magnet
W= 16m
ICAL MAGNETS ,
QTY:- 3 Nos.
(UNDER THE CAVERN)
REQUIREMENT OF EACH
MAGNET :• Amp-Turns = 80,000 AT, 4 coils.
• Nos. of Layers of Iron Plates =
151 Layers.
• Wt. of Iron Plates = 17,000 Ton
• Magnet Size L=16m, W=16m,
H=15m
• 30Turns in each of 4 coils.
• Total Nos. of Turns=120
• Power Supply= 50V, 900 Amp
• Power supply = 4 Nos.
H=
16m
L=
16m
DELOPMENT WORK ON COIL FOR INO MAGNETS –
(For hands on experience)
Prototype Magnet coil joining by silver brazing.
Torch Brazing of 5 Nos. of
water cooled copper
conductors at a gap of
12mm was successfully
done and tested the joints.
Pneumatic Test setup at 6.5 bar.
Hydraulic Test setup at 13 bar.
Fabrication of G-10 spacers for coil anchoring.
Computation, IT & Automation
Development of Network Monitoring System
● Java-based
Graphical
User
Interface for monitoring devices
connected to the network.
● Information
is
collected
via
SNMP.
● Interfaced
with
existing
Packetfence (open-source Network
Access Control system).
Gangotri: Facility for Installation of OS Over Network
● Remote installation of operating
system over network.
● Supports almost all the flavours
of LINUX and Windows.
● Eliminates the use of removable
storage media such as DVD,
CD, Pen Drive etc.
● Based on the technologies such
as PXE and network boot.
Meghraj: A Private Cloud Facility
● Private cloud computing facility to support Infrastructureas-a-Service (IaaS)
● Comprehensive management of virtualization infrastructure
● Enables the use of virtualized resources to host different
applications and services.
● Ensures centralized management, higher utilization of
existing resources, heterogeneous execution environments.
Computing and Networking Infrastructure
● 32-node LINUX-based computing cluster, DRONA,
delivering TPP of 6 TFLOPS
● Itanium processor-based computing server delivering 96
GFLOPS.
● Campus vide high-speed network with ~800 nodes and
aggregate Internet bandwidth of ~1Gbps
● Intra-DAE connectivity, ANUNET, via NKN, leased line
and VSAT.
The PRAFULLA Series of Computing Clusters
PRAFULLA – I
PRAFULLA - II
40 TB SAN STORAGE




14 compute nodes (168 cores)
4 TFLOPS
Intel Xeon CPU @ 3.06GHz
Aggregate memory = 896 GB
 32 compute nodes (768 cores)
 7 TFLOPS
 AMD Opteron CPU@ 2.4 GHz
 Aggregate memory = 2 TB
Development of Automated Library Management System
● Based on KOHA – an Open
Source Software
● Fully
Library
automated
Management
Integrated
Software
(ILMS)
● Alternative to existing commercial
ILMS.
● Automation is done by RFID
based system
● Middleware developed to integrate
KOHA with RFID.
Development of Online Recruitment Portal
● Portal for handling all future recruitments in VECC
● Reduction of administrative workload by automating the
processing of application forms, screening of applications,
issuing call letters and the like.
● Applicants can apply online, download admit card and get
latest information about advertisements.
● Security audit conducted to eliminate vulnerability in the
portal.
Regular IT Services: Operation & Maintenance
●
Email service
●
Web services (homepage) of
o
VECC; and
o
Different constituent groups of VECC.
●
Annapurna: Cloud Storage System.
●
Online submission and management of APAR, IPR and application of
departmental accommodation.
●
Online Ticket Request System (OTRS)
●
Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) for library
●
Database services for e-payment, e-tendering, Administration, Accounts,
Medical, Purchase, Stores, Security, Employee Information Portal etc.
Protection of IT Assets
● Security of IT devices, IT assets and underlying Operating
System.
o In line with the recommendations of the Computer
Information Security Advisory Group (CISAG) of
DAE
● Unified Threat Management (UTM)-based perimeter firewalls.
● Centralized Antivirus and Network Access Control.
● RFID based access controls
● Periodic vigilance of IT assets.
Research on Mobile Robot Localization
•
Monte Carlo localization is a powerful approach for mobile robot localization.
•
Line segment-based representation provide compact and scalable maps of indoor
environments.
•
Monte Carlo localization has rarely been studied on line segment-based maps .
•
Two methods for Monte Carlo localization of mobile robots in indoor environments
on line segment-based maps have been developed.
❖ S. Saha, B. Sarkar, and P.K.Pal, “Monte Carlo-based pose tracking on maps represented
with line segments,” Advances in Robotics, 2nd International Conference of Robotics Society of
India, 2nd to 4th July, 2015, Goa, India (Accepted)
❖ B. Sarkar, S. Saha, P. K. Pal, “A novel method for the computation of importance weights
in Monte Carlo localization on line segment-based maps”, Robotics & Autonomous Systems
(under review)
Improvements in Our Security Systems
X-Ray Baggage Screening System at VECC
X-ray Baggage screening system installed on 24/11/2014 at VECC main gate for
checking baggage of regular employees, contractors employees & visitors.
Tunnel size
: 620mm x 420mm
Load carrying capacity : 165 kg
Resolution
: 40 SWG
Penetration
: 28mm of Steel
X-Ray Generator Anode Voltage : 140 KV
X-Ray Generator Anode Current : 0.7mA
Dose per inspection (max.)
: ˂ 0.25mR
.
Renovation of Boundary Wall
RFID-Based Key Management System
(Developed by VECC and re-engineered in collaboration with Webel Mediatronics Limited, Kolkata)
● Allows
or
restricts,
depending
upon
authorization, an employee to withdraw and
return keys of offices from/to kiosk.
● ID Card based user authentication.
● Touch-screen based user interface.
● Data logging and report generation facility of
key transactions, enhancing security.
● Lessens burden on security personnel.
Improvements in Electrical Systems
3x5KWp GRID TYPE SOLAR POWER PLANT INSTALLED AT VECC
ON 24th APRIL,2015
Producing 250 Watt/Solar
PV modules at STC(1000
W/m2, 250C).
Total 60 Nos. of Modules
installed.
Open circuit volt 30-37
Volts/Module
Short circuit Current 8.7
amp/Module
Saving CO2 production per
KWh=912.39 gram in INDIA.
On an average 16.6 Ton. CO2
saving per year.
2X160 KVA UPS INSTALLED FOR VECC COMPUTER SERVER
ON 2nd JANUARY 2015
Part of the power being used for Superconducting Cyclotron
Regional Radiation Medicine Centre
MONTHLY SCAN APRIL 2014 TO MARCH 2015
Month
April
Total
160
149
97
140
May
94
131
July
135
100
August
134
80
September
130
October
118
60
40
November
135
December
88
January
132
February
149
March
120
1463
20
0
135
134
135
130
132
120
118
120
June
Grand total
131
97
94
88
C.A THYROID 2014-15 IPD & OPD
MONTH IPD OPD
April
04
02
May
06
03
June
07
02
10
10
July
August
08
09
05
9
03
8
9
8
October
10
01
07
08
6
4
November
08
04
3
December
05
05
2
January
09
02
0
February
08
04
March
09
05
TOTAL
84
50
8
7
8
5
6
5
9
7
7
September
9
8
5
4
4
4
3
3
2
5
5
2
2
1
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
And Basic Research
Neutron Detector Array:
Mechanical Structure Completed
No. of cells: 50
Neutron
detector cell
Thin walled
scattering
chamber
Neutron
detector cell
Isotopic dependence of fragment emission yields in
light-heavy ion reaction at low energy
Telescopes
T1
T2
Experimental setup
C+
C at 80 MeV
12C
∆E (Channel
no.)
Experiment
performed using
beams from Pelletron
- Linac facility at
TIFR, Mumbai.
∆E (Channel
no.)
Fragment emission mechanisms have been studied in
reactions
13
12
12
10,11B
7,9Be
6,7Li
α
E (Channel
12C
+
12C
and
13C
C + 12C at 78.5 MeV
12,13C
10,11B
7,9Be
6,7Li
α
E (Channel
+
12C
Energy distributions of Li and Be
isotopes
13C
+
•
Energy distributions of 6Li and 7Li
obtained in 12C +12C reactions
exactly match with those obtained in
13C + 12C reaction except for the
transfer channel states.
•
The energy spectra obtained for
7Be in 12C + 12C and 13C + 12C
are nearly similar.
12C
Large variation observed in the production of 9Be in these two reactions
Angular distributions of isotopes of Li
and Be
dσ/dΩ (mb/sr)
•The angular distributions of
isotopes for both the fragments are
found
to
follow
1/sinΘc.m.
dependence in center of mass
frame.
• This
conjectures
the
characteristics of emission from
completely equilibrated composite
system.
1.0
6Li
12C + 12C
13C + 12C
7Be
0.5
0.5
0.0
1.0
0.0
9Be
7Li
1.0
0.5
0.0
20
0.5
40
60
20
θcm
40
60
0.0
80
Study of Angular momentum dependence of nuclear level
density
NLD is an important ingredient in various theoretical models
used in nuclear physics, astrophysics and technology
I. Enhancement due to
collectivity
ρ ( E * , J ) = ρ int ( E * , J ) K coll ( E * )
Single-particle
contribution to NLD
Total Nuclear Level
Density
Collective
enhancement factor
K coll ( E * ) = K rot ( E * ) K vib ( E * )
Collective motion in nature
II. Fadeout of
enhancement
Experimental
Setup
Neutron detectors
γ Multiplicity
filter
4He
+ 165Ho
169Tm*,
β2 (169Tm) =
0.295
4He
+ 181Ta
185Re*,
4He
+ 181Ta
201Tl*,
β2 (185Re) = 0.221
β2 (201Tl) = -0.044
For Deformed System
it is expected to have
different
collective
enhancement ( Kcoll)
Neutron energy
spectra
Inverse
level
density
k,
vs.
Angular momenta
PHYSICAL REVIEW C 91, 014609 (2015)
The value of k
remains
almost
constant
for
the
4He
+
systems
165Ho, 4He + 181Ta, 4He
+ 181Ta
The present results
for
the
angularmomentum
dependence of the
nuclear level density
(NLD) parameter ˜a
(=A/k), for nuclei with
A ∼ 180 are quite
different from those
obtained in earlier
measurements in the
case of light- and
Orbiting vs. fusion-Fission in Fragment emission from 32S +12C reaction at
220 MeV
T
T
1
2
T3
ΔE (Channel no)
Experiment
performed using
32S ion beam
from BARC-TIFR
pelletron, Mumb
ai
Energy distributions of
different fragments
Experimental Set
up
Angular
distributions
16O
14N
9Be
11B
7Be
12C
10B
E (Channel no)
Fragment emission cross-section
show a/sinθ like variation
Energy distributions are
Gaussian in shape, peak
at Viola systematics
fragments are emitted from fully energy relaxed
First study of isomer using HYRA at IUAC
Target
Beam
HYRA
+ 169Tm  195Bi + 4n at 145
MeV
Projectile
MWPC
30Si
Clover
Si Pad
195Bi
Focal
Plane
Prompt
γ-rays
T1
MWPC (Chn No)
Reaction products
Target
Isomer
ER identified at the
focal plane
T2
New isomers identified in
195Bi
Si (Chn No.)
T11/2 = 1.6 (1) µs
T21/2 = 0.7(1) µs
Delayed γrays
T11/2 = 1.5(1) µs
ER-gated clean
delayed γ-rays
Systematic of high-spin isomers
T1/2 = 3.0 µs
known isomer
reproduced in 193Bi




α and p induced fission on 238U  Fission fragment deposited in catcher foil
Al catcher foil dissolved in solution.
Radio-chemical separation of Iodine
NIM electronics, 16-channel amplifier, VME Data Acquisition
 Isomeric state decay
 Ground state decay
Coincidence setup of four Clover HPGe and
two Low Energy Photon Spectrometer (LEPS)
Singles and coincidence measurements
- gamma rays decaying from ground state
and isomeric state has been confirmed
Soumik Bhattacharya et al.
2nd best poster
Euro School on Exotic Beams, Italy,(2014)
Prompt Spectroscopy above the isomer is being studied in collaboration with GANIL, France
Counts / 10 min
14000
200
16000
Time (min)
400
Time (min)
600
1260 keV ( I)
135I
135
800
12000
6000
4000
2000
1000
135Xe
6x104
T1/2 = 6.59  0.03 Hour
3x104
10000
8000
0
700
800
900
1000
1100
135
1136 KeV ( Xe)
400
134
1131 KeV ( Xe)
135
Xe)
Energy in KeV
1200
Ranabir Banik, HBNI student
Project work with S. Bhattacharyya
595
132 KeV ( Xe)
600 KeV ( Xe)
134
Xe)
132,133,135
132
535 KeV ( Xe)
132,134
Xe)
540 KeV (
135
530 KeV ( Xe)
134
522 KeV ( Xe)
547 KeV (
505 KeV ( Xe)
Xe)
132
132,134
488 KeV (
134
133,135
403 KeV (
Xe)
132,133,135
Xe)
417 KeV (
134,135
Xe)
433 KeV (
135
132
173 KeV ( Xe)
134
188 KeV ( Xe)
132,134
220 KeV
( Xe)
134
234 KeV ( Xe)
132
250 KeV
( Xe)
132,133
Xe)
262 KeV (
132
284 KeV135
( Xe)
288 KeV ( Xe)
459 KeV ( Xe)
1x104
1260 KeV ( Xe)
134
884 KeV ( Xe)
134
847 KeV ( Xe)
300
134
132
600
1072 KeV ( Xe)
360
132
340
200
954 KeV ( Xe)
135
972 KeV ( Xe)
320
134
300
836 KeV ( Xe)
280
100
857 KeV ( Xe)
260
772KeV ( Xe)
800
135
240
134
2x104
132
0
739 KeV ( Xe)
200
136 KeV (
1200
812 KeV ( Xe)
220
3x104
133,134
200
134Xe
706 KeV (
Xe)
132
727 KeV ( Xe)
400
132
1000
667 KeV ( Xe)
T1/2 = 51.04  2.87 min
134
1400
677 KeV ( Xe)
180
134I
134
1600
595 keV (134I)
622 KeV ( Xe)
132
630 KeV ( Xe)
132,135
650 KeV (
Xe)
1800
Counts
Counts / 10 min
Production and Offline Identification of Neutron-rich
Xenon Isotopes near doubly magic 132Sn
 Identification of products following decay half life with
 Clover HPGe and Low Energy Photon Spectrometer (LEPS) detectors
 Fission fragment spectroscopy initiated at VECC for the first time
with high resolution detectors
500
600
1300
Decay Spectroscopy of neutron rich Pm nuclei
using p beam from K = 130 cyclotron
Motivation
 Identification of γ rays and cross
section measurement following
decay half life.
 Low lying level structure of 149,150Sm
from γ−γ coincidence measurement.
 Measurement of β decay end point
energies and identification of β
decaying isomers.
 p + 150Nd @ 8 MeV from K = 130 cyclotron at VECC
 97% enriched electro-deposited 150Nd target on thin Al backing
 Four Clovers (γ ray detection) and Two LEPS (low energy γ rays and
β detection)
 One 50% HPGe detector (decay measurement)
For neutron rich nuclei in A ~ 150 region
 Production is difficult using HI fusion evaporation reaction.
 Low production cross section even with fission reaction using trans-uranium target.
 Proton and Deuteron beams from K = 130 cyclotron: Unique opportunity for
producing medium mass neutron rich nuclei using neutron rich targets
 Possibility to carry out charge particle tagged γ-spectroscopy.
Timing sequence
Designed trap electrodes fabricated at VECC
Workshop with critical tolerance
Increased Signal to
Noise Ratio has been
obtained with Coaxial
Feed-through.
19 pin Electrical and coaxial Vacuum Feed-through
tested down to 77K for several times successfully.
All trap components have
been assembled and tested in
77K.
Ready for commissioning
using liquid helium.
Fission fragments
60 MeV α-particle beam
from RTC, VECC
Fission fragments are detected by large volume solar cell
detector.
X-ray is measured by LEPS Detector (4 segments).
Fission fragments are detected in coincidence with X-ray
and a timing resolution of 250 nsec (FWHM) has been
obtained offline.
 Identified narrow compound nucleus plutonium Kα1
line in coincidence with fission fragments.
 Narrow Kα-1 plutonium X-ray line indicate that ≥80% of
the fission fragments came from a slow fission process of
fission lifetime >10-18 sec.
 Two fission γ-ray lines shown in red and blue curves are
observed and confirmed by GEANT simulation.
T dependence of the level density parameter at different J
Data only at higher temperatures !!!
4He
No data at lower T as well as J gated !!!
(Elab = 28, 35, 42, 50 MeV) + 93Nb  97Tc*
using K -130 Cyclotron
Neutrons were measured by time-of-flight technique to extract the level density parameters
Detectors used : γ- multiplicity filter, liquid organic scintillator
14
Lestone
Shlomo
Mughabghab
Inverse level density parameter (k)
(a) J = 12-15
12
10
8
6
(b) J = 16-20 
12
10
8
6
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
Exp data with microscopic FTBCS calculation
Inverse level density parameter (k)
Exp data with phenomenological calculation
11
10
9
FTBCS1
FTBCS
Exp. data
8
7
(a) J = 12-15 
10
9
8
7
Col 12 vs Col 13
Col 16 vs Col 17
Col 1 vs Col 2
(b) J = 16-20 
6
3.0
Temperature (MeV)
More data are required at low T in different
mass regions to understand the Intriguing
behaviour
0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
Temperature (MeV)
Finite-temperature
BCS1 calculation takes
into
account
the
quasiparticle-number
fluctuations in the
pairing field.
Experimental data
are in good
agreement with the
theoretical
calculations at
higher J but
deviate from all the
calculations at
lower J !!!!!!!!!
Balaram Dey et. al, Phys. Rev. C 91 (2015)
044326
Study of Isospin mixing via the decay of IVGDR
4He
(Elab = 28, 37, 47 MeV) + 27Al  31P* (T = 1/2)
4He
(Elab = 31, 40, 50 MeV) + 28Si  32S* (T = 0)
Both nuclei populated at same excitation energy
32S*
105
Full Mixing
4.6 % mixing
Expt. Data
104
Yield / MeV
E* = 32 MeV
103
102
101
100
10-1
5
10
15
20
Energy (MeV)
25
GDR
p vs n
GDR
parameters
ΓGDR = 7.4
extracted from
31P and used to
SGDR = 1.4
extract
the
a = A/8
mixing in 32S
The best value for Γ ↓> ( Coulomb
spreading width ) was found to be 20
keV at E* = 32 MeV resulting in
isospin mixing of ~ 4.6 % averaged
over the angular momentum range
1-32 
EGDR = 18.5
Preliminary Results !!!
Calculation of spontaneous fission half-life of 240Pu
4D {elongation (Q20), triaxiality (Q22), mass-asymmetry (Q30) and pairing } dynamical
calculation with Density Functional inputs
Dynamic
path
goes
through
Q22=0
from
Static path (minimum potential path)
ground state to 2nd
minima (fission isomer)
After that both dynamic
and static paths are
almost same ending at
asymmetric fission
Time taken ~ 11M cpu
hours
Dynamic path (minimum action path)
Experimental T1/2 is reproduced with the E0
(zero-point energy, the only tuning parameter of
this calculation) ~ 0.97 MeV
Development of a hybrid (dynamical+statistical) model of multifragmentation around the Fermi energy domain:Studied Reaction:- 129Xe+ 119Sn
103
40
10-1
10-1
30
10-5
10-5
103
39 MeV/n
32 MeV/n
50 MeV/n
45 MeV/n
20
10
-1
-1
10
10
 Decay of excited fragments by
statistical evaporation model.
<ZLargest>
 Fragmentation
form
Canonical
Thermodynamical Model (CTM)
Largest Cluster
Charge Distribution
Multiplicity (nz)
 Determination of initial conditions
from dynamical Boltzmann-UehlingUhlenbeck (BUU) Model.
0
30
10-5
0
25
50
0
25
50
10-5
75
40
50
EP (MeV/nucleon)
Atomic Number (z)
Ref: S. Mallik, G.Chaudhuri & S. Das Gupta;
Phys. Rev. C 91, 044614 (2015)
Dotted lines → model
Black Squares → data
Signatures of nuclear liquid gas phase from transport model calculation:AP=120 on AT=120 (Coulomb Switched off)
10-1
10-3
0
101
Ep=25 MeV/n
Liquid
50 100 150 200
Mass Number (a)
10-1
10-3
0
101
Ep=75 MeV/n
Liquid+Gas
50 100 150 200
Mass Number (a)
Ref: S. Mallik, S. Das Gupta & G.Chaudhuri; Phys. Rev. C 91, 034616 (2015)
Multiplicity (na)
Multiplicity (na)
Evidence of phase transition
obtained
first
time
from
dynamical model.
101
Multiplicity (na)
 Studied by transport model
based on Boltzmann-UehlingUhlenbeck (BUU) calculation.
10-1
10-3
0
Ep=150 MeV/n
Gas
50 100 150 200
Mass Number (a)
Theoretical model to estimate yield of n-rich nuclei by actinide photofission
e-linac
e- γ
50 MeV (max)
100 kW
Fission products
separator
Target
238U
RIB
target
W converter
Highlights how far one can march away
from the line of β stability towards the
neutron-rich nuclei using 238 U photofission
Waiting point nuclei in the r-process
path such as 80Zn and 134Sn are produced
with cross sections 2.6 and 0.18
μb, respectively.
Other nuclei in the r-process path such
as 98Kr and 110Zr are produced with
lesser cross sections of 6.7 × 10−2 μb and
1.6 × 10−5 μb, respectively
Maximum cross-section ~ 5 mb can be
obtained for nuclei like 98Y or 134I at the
two asymmetric fission peak with 7 & 9
neutron rich respectively.
Exotic nuclei produced by the photofission of 238U
by bremsstrahlung γ‘s of 13.7 MeV. For Ee = 30
MeV
Debasis Bhowmick, Debasis Atta, D. N. Basu, and Alok Chakrabarti, PRC 91, 044611
(2015)
Stability of the beta-equilibrated dense matter and core-crust transition in neutron stars
Stability of the β-equilibrated dense nuclear matter is analyzed with respect to thermodynamic
stability conditions. Based on the density dependent M3Y effective nucleon-nucleon
interaction, the effects of the nuclear incompressibility on the proton fraction in neutron stars and
the location of the inner edge of their crusts and core-crust transition density and pressure are
investigated. The high-density behavior of symmetric and asymmetric nuclear matter satisfies
the constraints from the observed flow data of heavy-ion collisions. The neutron star properties
studied using β-equilibrated neutron star matter obtained from this effective interaction for a
pure hadronic model agree with the recent observations of the massive compact stars. The
density, pressure and proton fraction at the inner edge separating the liquid core from the solid
crust of neutron stars are determined to be
ρt = 0.0938 fm−3, Pt = 0.5006 MeV fm−3 and xp(t) = 0.0308, respectively.
Mass-radius of Neutron Stars for present
EoS are plotted in red in the figure below:
Relaxation times of dissipative flows
ππ cross-section in medium
•Shear relaxation time
Relaxation time for Bulk viscosity
Relaxation time forThermal conductivity
Sukanya Mitra,Utsab Gangopadhyaya and Sourav Sarkar, Phys. Rev D91 (2015) 094012
S. Chatterjee & P. Tribedy, 2015
G. Sarwar, S. Chatterjee and J. Alam , 2015
Chiral symmetry breaking in presence of high magnetic field
B. Chatterjee et al, 2015
Propagation of heavy quarks through pre-equilibrated gluonic system
Variation of charm quark diffusion coefficient
with momentum at a temperature 510 MeV.
Variation of bottom quark diffusion coefficient
with momentum at a temperature 510 MeV.
Thermal (g): pure gluonic system in thermal equilibrium at a temperature 510 MeV
CYM: Initial conditions from Classical Yang Mills theory
KLN : Initial conditions from KLN formalism
Thermal (q+g): quark gluon plasma
Results may have significant impact on HQ suppression and elliptic flow.
Das, Ruggieri, Mazumder, Greco & Alam
Effects of viscosity on the evolution of fluctuation
An equation has been derived to make connection between fluctuation and viscous
dissipation.
Variation of energy
fluctuation with radial
Coordinate.
G Sarwar & J Alam, 2015.
Drag & diffusion of hadronic matter probed by hidden
charm & charmed baryon
Diffusio
n
Drag
Feynman diagram for
J/psi+vector meson
scattering
Suppression of Lambda_c & D in hadronic medium
Ratio of pT spectra of Lamda_c to D.
Enhancement of Lambda_c to D ratio will reduce
the non-photonic electrons.
Mitra, Ghosh, Das, Sarkar & Alam 2015
Ghosh, Das, Greco, Sarkar & Alam 2014
Centrality dependence of photon v3 !
Chatterjee, Dasgupta, DKS
Heavy ion collisions at the
Future Circular Collider
Thermal photon spectra
Dasgupta, Chatterjee, DKS
Experimental study of 26Al through the 1n pick-up reaction 27Al(d, t)
First experimental results published using Deuteron beam
from VEC
Strip detector telescope – ∆E (55 mm) + E
(1030 mm)+ 2 CsI (Tl) (6cm)
Excitation energy spectrum of 26Al
V. Srivastava et. al. PHYSICAL REVIEW C 91, 054611 (2015)
Counts
Angular distributions for different excited states of 26Al
Material Science
&
Radiation Damage Studies
Nickel nano dots by shadow implantation using
RIB ion-beam facility
14 KeV N2+
8 keV Ni+
Si
1.0µm
Ni dots
Clean and smooth Si(100)
Corrugated Si
Atomic Force Microscopy 3D viewTEM Cross sectional view shows Ni nano dots
Nano channel formation on
Ge(100) by broad 12 keV N+ ion
beams
Nickel ion beam development in
ECR by sputtering and MIVOC
method
500
4.0
58Ni1+
25
Height (nm)
20
15
10
5
2.5
58Ni+
2.0
1.5
60Ni+
1.0
0.5
0
56Fe+
62Ni
200
400
600
800 1000 1200 1400 1600
Width(nm)
Line profile
64
66
400
300
60Ni1+
200
62Ni1+
61Ni
100
1+
+
0.0
0
Atomic Force Micrograph
3.0
Beam current on target
Beam current (nA)
3.5
68
70
72
74
Magnet current (%)
sputtering
76
0
76
77
78
79
Magnet Current (%)
MIVOC
80
Synthesis and characterization of a new class of compounds –
that exhibit possibility of temperature-controlled
diode or transistor devices
Temperature tunable p −n−p conduction switching with a
colossal change in thermo-power (S) has been achieved in a
single compound, AgCuS
S. N. Guin, J. Pan, A. Bhowmik, D. Sanyal, U. V. Waghmare and K. Biswas J. Am. Chem. Soc. (2014) 136 12712
Polarisation & Magnetocapacitance (MC) studies of
Bismuth ferrite (BFO) nanorods
S.K.Bandyopadhyay, Pintu Sen & A.K.Himanshu
Technique: Template assisted sol gel
0.010
BFO_Alumina_500V_1Hz
MC (F/Gauss)
Measured Polarization (µC/cm2)
0.04
0.02
0.00
0.008
0.006
-0.02
0.004
-0.04
0.002
-150
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
Field (kV/cm)
Polarization value is quite high
considering the wt. of Nanorods
(40 microgms in 13.3mg alumina)
0
3000
6000
9000
12000
15000
Magnetic Field (Gauss)
MC (capacitance measured under magnetic
field) is quite appreciable for BFO nanorod.
MC is a measure of magnetoelectric coupling
for this multiferroic material.
Sonochemical synthesis of
δ−ΜnO2 –Graphene
Nanocomposite
TEM
Pintu Sen, S.K. Bandopadhyay, A.K. Himanshu
Graphene
layer
Intensity. (a.u)
XRD (phase identification)
800
δ−MnO2- Graphene
110
400
0
0
211
002
310
20
40
2θ 
degree)
60
80
Transmittance (a.u)
Acoustic cavitation : Generation of micro bubbles
during rarefaction cycle of acoustic wave, which
undergoes violent collapse during the compression
cycle of the acoustic wave producing intense local
heating with high pressure . A novel technique for
nano synthesis.
Acoustic power density used: 460 W/cm2
10 nm
δ−ΜnO2
FTIR (functional group)
80
60
1120
1640
40
518
0
2000
4000
Wavenumber (cm-1)
Supercapacitor developed from
δ−ΜnO2 –Graphene Nanocomposites
Pintu Sen, S.K. Bandopadhyay, A.K. Himanshu
Electrochemical performance of δ−ΜnO2 –Graphene Nanocomposites
b) Impedance studies ( 100 k Hz – 10m Hz)
40
-Z" (ohm)
a) Cyclic Voltammetry at
different scan rate (2-20mV/sec):
Semi rectangular shape suggest
good capacitive behavior
Low Charge Transfer
Rresistance ( m ohm)
favour Pseudo (Redox)
Capacitance
20
0
4
12
Z (ohm)
16
C) Galvanostatic Charging /discharging
0.01
0.4
0.00
20mV/s
15mV/s
10mV/s
5mV/s
2mV/s
-0.01
-0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6
Volt (V)
Volt (V)
i (A/cm2 )
8
0.0
Specific capacitance
~ 355 F/g
-0.4
0
2000
4000
Time (s)
6000
Development of Magnetic Nanotube
Pintu Sen, S.K. Bandopadhyay, A.K. Himanshu
R. Paul and I.Das
Technique: Electrochemical
TEM
Material developed: Gadolinium Oxide (Gd2O3)
A good Refrigerating material
Wall thickness:
~18nm
SEM
cps/eV
2.0
EDAX
(Composition)
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
Au O
Gd
Na
Al
Au
Gd
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
1
2
3
4
keV
5
6
7
8
Dynamics of recovery and recrystallization studies through high
temperature XRD measurements and Differential Scanning Calorimetry
– A comparative study of 50% and 80% cold rolled Copper
12
900
10
Recovery dominated
region
Domain size (Angstroms)
Stored Energy (J/mole)
Stored energy release along {220} at 185o C
8
50% rolled sample
6
Recrystallization
dominated region
4
80% rolled sample
2
0
102
80% rolled sample
50% rolled sample
800
700
600
500
400
300
{220} peak
103
104
200
105
1x104
Time in Secs
-0.200
~25J/mole
50% Rolled
-0.225
DSC (mW/mg)
DSC (mW/mg)
Stored
energy
release –
DSC study
3x104
Time (secs)
-0.30
-0.32
2x104
-0.34
-0.36
-0.38
-0.40
1st run
2nd run
-0.42
80% Rolled
~40 J/mole
-0.250
-0.275
-0.300
1st run
2nd run
-0.325
-0.44
-0.350
200
250
300
Temperature (K)
350
400
200
250
300
Temperature (K)
350
400
Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope
facility at Rajarhat Campus SEM Micrograph
Image using In-Lens detector
Inaugurated on 13-10-2014
Copper Sample
EDX detector
EBSD detector
80% Rolled Copper
Electron Back Scatter Diffraction (EBSD) study on deformed Cu
Band contrast histogram gives an
Using FESEM
50%
qualitative
measure
of
the
sharpness of the EBSD pattern
which in turn depends on the
lattice defect and grain orientation
(stored energy)
Distinct
grains are
still seen.
Narrower
histogram
80%
Elongated
and mostly
oriented
grains with
disturbed
grain
boundary
Broader
histogram
Effect of Proton Irradiation on SuperNi Alloy
(for Strategic Application)
Sample: Ni-42Cr-Mo
Application: Cladding Material for compact reactors with long life time.
Irradiation using : 5 MeV Proton from VEC
(Dose 2x1018 p/cm2 )
NiCr indigenous sample (unirradiated)
Domain size : 950±30 Å Strain :
9x10-4
No change in domain size
NiCr indigenous sample (irradiated)
Domain size : 900±30 Å Strain :
7x10-4
Low irradiation induced dislocation
better Radiation resistant material
Regional Centre BRIT, Kolkata &
VECC Collaboration Work
Production of 22Na by Proton Irradiation
of Natural Neon Gas Target in VECC
Cyclotron
Applications
:
Calibration
source
for
dose
calibrators, detectors, PET cameras and other nuclear
instruments.
Reaction Target
Energy range TTY,
(MeV)
22Ne(p,n)
Natural;
9.22%
15→6
µCi/µAh
0.76
Target : Natural Ne gas 99.99% pure
Gas Pressure :10 Bar
Range of Proton at 10 bar Ne: ~ 400mm
PRODUCTION OF 99mTc IN VECC CYCLOTRON FROM
ENRICHED Mo-100 AND SEPARATION OF 99mTcO4- IAEA Co-ordinated Research Project
• Technetium-99m (99mTc) a well known radioisotope is
widely used in diagnostic nuclear medicine
• It is produced mainly from 99Mo by fission reaction from
five old (40 years) reactors which require frequent
shutdown for maintenance ---- This results the shortage
of Mo-99
• There is a need to explore alternative methods of
producing technetium radioisotopes such as the
production of technetium radioisotopes directly from
conventional medical cyclotrons.
99mTc
is produced in VECC cyclotron
by the following nuclear reaction
Reaction
Target
100Mo(p,2n)
Enriched 100Mo
99.8%
Energy
TTY,
range(MeV) mCi/µAh
18→8
15
Recovery of 99mTc from dissolved irradiated 100Mo target
was achieved by TCM-AUTODOWNA module which is based
on Dowex-HNO3 method. The system is automated and
controlled by user- friendly PC based GUI.
Separation yield : More than
80%
Schematic Process Diagram of TCM-AUTODOWNA
Development of Commercial Autosolex for Production of Tc-99m.
Analytical Chemistry Division,
BARC Activities using VEC
machine
Determination of As in Ground Water by
CPAA using VEC Machine
Levels of As present in ground water in
various places of North 24 parganas
Samp
le No:
Location
North 24
Parganas
Total As
(ppb)
As+3
(ppb)
As+5
(ppb)
1
BaroKhantura
151 ± 8
132 ± 15
64 ± 6
2
Gajna
198 ± 9
95 ± 8
51 ± 6
3
Gaighata
42 ± 5
5
Hatkhola
110 ± 12
7
Petrapole
33 ± 4
(Bangladesh
border)
9
Gobordanga
158 ± 13
Being
determined
Irradiation of liquid sample:
Online
Nuclear reaction utilized:
75As(p, n)75Se
Energy: 18 MeV
Current: 0.5 – 1.0 µA
Irradiation : 20 hrs
Detection limit: ~10 ppb
As+3 is biologically more harmful than As+5 species
Thin Layer Activation (TLA) measurement of surface erosion of D9
Stainless Steel of fuel element of Indian Power Reactor
Counting set up:
HPGe detector
Nd-YAG Laser
D9 Sample chamber
For Laser ablation
Online experiment of Laser ablation of
D9 sample with counting set up using
HPGe detector at L&PTD Lab, BARC
Surface erosion of D9 SS
material during laser ablation
measured by TLA technique
1. Laser parameters used for cleaning of loose contamination were
observed by TLA to cause < 50 nm of base material
2. Minimum 50 nm surface erosion detectable by TLA using accelerator
Determination of elemental concentration by CPAA using proton &
deuteron beam from VEC Machine
Using p-beam of 13 MeV
1. Composition of LixTiyO3
Nuclear reactions used:
7Li(p, n)7Be and 48Ti(p, n)48V
Beam current : ~ 300 nA
Result:
Element
Wt %
Li
10-12
Ti
40-43
Mole ratio of Li:Ti = 2.1 : 1
2. Composition of CuCrZr alloy
Nuclear reaction: 90Zr(p, n)90gNb
52Cr(p,n)52Mn
Beam current : ~ 600 nA
Element Content in ppm
Cr
~ 1000
Zr
~ 200
Cu
Balance
Using d-beam of 9 MeV
Chlorine in high purity materials
Nuclear reaction : 37Cl(d, p) 38mCl
Beam current : ~ 200 nA
Result:
Sample Cl content
(ppm)
Mg
B4C
2350 ± 230
260 ± 20
High Energy Nuclear Physics
Experimental High Energy Physics
Study of Matter Under Extreme Conditions
• STAR Experiment
• Search for QCD Critical
Point
ALICE
STAR
CBM
• ALICE Experiment at LHC:
• LHC Run2 Data taking
starts
• Upgrade: CRU Design
• CBM Experiment at FAIR:
• MUCH TDR approved
• Design and Simulations
• INO Experiment:
• Detector development
• Advanced Detectors and
Electronics
STAR PMD:
Search for Disoriented Chiral Condensate (DCC)
STAR - PMD
Analysis using data from PMD and
FTPC
STAR Collaboration: Phys. Rev. C 91 (2015)3, 034905
ALICE-PMD participates in Run2 of LHC
Starting from 3rd June 2015
Photon Multiplicity Detector (PMD)
Indigenous detector developed at VECC
• 2014 June – 2015 Feb:
Maintenance and recommissioning of PMD
at CERN
• Feb - May 2015: Setup
for LHC Run2
• June 3, 2015: LHC
Run2 starts
Data taking with pp @ 13 TeV
started => New Physics
Photon Multiplicity in pp Collisions at LHC
Deviation from KNO Scaling
Limiting fragmentation
ALICE Collaboration: Eur. Phys. J. C75
Change of Phase in pp Collisions at LHC??
arXiv:1406.5811[hep-ph]
The high multiplicity
proton-proton
collisions at the LHC
exhibits features
resembling heavy-ion
collisions ….
Rise in Effective number of
degrees of freedom as a
function of <pT>
(Temperature) with a
saturation at high
Temperature
Temperature Fluctuations
Hydrodynamic Evolution of heavy-ion collisions
LOCAL
Fluctuation in
temperature
arXiv:1504.04502
ALICE Upgrade
• Design of the Common Readout Unit (CRU):
Cavern
Central
Trigger
Processor
On Detector
Electronics
GBTx
GBTx
Counting Room
Common
Readout
Unit
(CRU )
• Silicon-Tungsten Calorimeter:
NIM A 764 (2014) 24-29
DDL3
Online and
Offline
Computing &
Detector
Control System
Responses of
electrons and pions
Development of Advanced Detectors
• Large GEM chamber built and tested
• Large area Resistive Plate Chambers built and tested
• Multi-gap RPC built
Applications of advanced detectors and electronics
• MRPC: proof-of-principle setup for PET imaging done
• Development of FPGA Emulator for a radiation hard ASIC
completed
• Use of Room Temperature Cyclotron for irradiation of
components
•
Neutron irradiation testing of DC to DC converter
performed
Continuing 24x7 operation of LHC Grid computing
facility with >90% efficiency
A large size (0.8 m x 0.4 m) GEM detector designed and built at
VECC, Tested successfully with X-rays and proton beams (>95% efficiency)
First Real size GEM foil ~80 cm x ~40 cm
Prototype GEM chamber
Outer side view
GEMs 10 cm x 10 cm
Gas - Ar/CO2 – 70/30
70um
Readout plane
256 Pads
8 mm x 3.5 mm
10 ohm Resistors for protection
CBM muon chamber TDR approved by FAIR
inner side
Outer
side view2015)
(January
512 pads 3 mm x 4 mm
Multilayered
Readout PCB
Proton test beam setup
High efficiency at high intensity
• 2.4 m X 1.2 m Bakelite RPC for INO
(Largest Bakelite RPC detector ever built, time resolution ~ 1 nano-sec)
Efficiency ~95%.
Applications:
INO-Iron calorimeter
DUNE (Fermilab-USA) Muon detector
205
Applications
MRPC setup for PET imaging
FPGA Emulator for high speed serializer
MRPC
First MRPC-based PET imaging
Demonstrator: Position resolution of
5mm achieved with Na-22
(PET) source
An FPGA emulator developed
(as a replacement of a radiation
hard ASIC (classified item))
Neutron irradiation testing of DC to DC converter at
VECC K-130 Cyclotron
Fresh Sample
Efficiency (%)
Gamma Irradiated
Sample
No. of Neutrons/ c.m.2
Ta Target
LHC GRID COMPUTING FACILITY @ VECC Kolkata
KOLKATA TIER-2 @ ALICE
 Running 24*7 with >90%
Availability.
 Comprises > 1500 cores of
computing
~ > 11 T
Flops of Computing.
 1Gbps NKN network and
10Gbps internal backbone.
 1 Million ALICE Jobs completed at Kolkata
Tier-2 during lastone year.
 Total 400 TB of storage
 50 VECC Users and 15 Indian universities
using the Tier-3 cluster.
Ongoing expansion
2500 cores of computing, 10Gb network
Connecting with the World at Large
18 VECC Colloquiums held in last one year
Prof. Dhiraj Bora, Director, Institute of Plasma Research, Gandhinagar, ”ITER and
Beyond”, 20.08.2014.
Dr. Sandip Basu, Radiation Medicine Centre, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai,
“Potential Clinical Utility of Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy with 177Lu-DOTATATE:
the societal impact of Atomic Energy Research in India”, 26.08.2014.
Prof. Rajesh Kochhar, Honorary Professor, Mathematics Department, Panjab University,
Chandigarh, President of International astronomical Union Commission 41 on History of
Astronomy and Ex Director, CSIR- National Institute of Science, Technology and
Development Studies, New Delhi, “The Rigveda: Chronology and geography”,
28.08.2014.
Prof. J. V. Yakhmi, Raja Ramanna Fellow, Homi Bhabha National Institute, DAE, Mumbai,
“Towards Autonomous, Self-propelled Active Matter”, 11.09.2014.
Prof. Michel Danino, Guest Professor, Humanities & Social Sciences, IIT Gandhinagar,
“Technology and Science in the Indus – Sarasvati Civilization”, 16.10.2014.
Prof. Kajari Mazumdar,TIFR,
LHC”, 21.10.2014.
Mumbai,
“Pinning
down
the
Higgs
at
Prof. Amos Breskin, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel,
“Detectors of today, tomorrow & after-tomorrow…”, 31.10.2014.
Prof. P. R. Vasudeva Rao, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research,
KALPAKKAM “The Indian Fast Reactor Programme: Current status and
directions”, 05.11.2014.
Prof. Sankar Kumar Nath, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West
Bengal, “Natural Disasters in India with Emphasis on Earthquake Hazard,
Vulnerability and Risk showcasing an integrated scenario for the City of
Kolkata”, 24.11.2014.
Prof. Bisnupriya Basak, Department of Archaeology, Calcutta University,
Kolkata and Shri Sujit Dasgupta, Geological Survey of India, Kolkata,
“Prehistoric Research in Ajodhya hills, Purulia, West Bengal: New light on
past human occupation in the Late Pleistocene, 42-25 ka (thousand years)”,
29.12.2014.
Shri P. S. Parihar, Atomic Minerals Directorate for Exploration and Research
(AMD), Hyderabad, “Exploration for Atomic Minerals”, 08.01.2015.
Dr.
Subrata
Pradhan,
Research, Gandhinagar, Gujrat,
Experiments in Steady State
1)”, 22.01.2015.
Institute
of
Plasma
“Engineering Evolution and First
Superconducting Tokamak (SST-
Prof. Ajit K. Kembhavi, Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and
Astrophysics, Pune, “Precision Measurements in Astronomy”, 27.01.2015.
Prof. Bo Cederwall, KTH, Sweden, “The advanced Gamma Tracking Array –
Status and Outlook”, 23.02.2015.
Prof. Nicolas Schunck, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA ,
“Microscopic Theory of Nuclear Fission”, 25.02.2015.
Dr. Debranjan Sarkar, Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, “3-Stage
Nuclear Power Programme in India”, 11.03.2015.
Dr. D. Thirugnana Murthy, IGCAR, Kalpakkam, “ISO 9001: mandatory
requirements and its implementation for a research institute”, 08.04.2015.
Dr. B. N. Jagatap, BARC, Mumbai, “Basic Research and Technology
Development: Exploring the Complex Relationship”, 06.05.2015.
Symposiums/Schools/Workshops at VECC
CNT Lectures on Hot/Dense Matter 2015
24th February to 6th March, 2015
Frontiers in Gamma Spectroscopy – 2015 (FIG15)
18th February to 20th February, 2015
7th International Conference on Physics &
Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma
2nd February to 6th February, 2015
CNT Winter School on Nuclear Astrophysics
19th January to 31st January, 2015
Meeting of International Advisory
Committee (IAC) for ANURIB
29th November, 2014
Workshop on Science with Rare Ion Beams
SCRIBE – 2014
25th November to 28th November, 2014
Celebration of Women’s Day at VECC
Prof. Bindu A. Bambah
School of Physics and Centre For Women's
Studies
University of Hyderabad
Topic:
Towards GENDER Equality in the Sciences
: A Case Study of Women Scientists in
Universities
Prof. Chitra Mandal
Acting Director, CSIR-IICB
Topic:
A journey for future anticancer therapy
: hope for disease free survival
Prof. Pushpa Misra
Psychoanalyst & Ex Principal, Bethune
College
Topic:
Mental Health: Empowering Women
IVS ZCC Workshop on Vacuum Science and Technology
3rd September to 5th September, 2014
PUBLICATIONS (2014-2015)
Nuclear
Experiments
10%
Material
Science Others
3%
8%
Accelerator
Physics &
Technology
10%
Theory
20%
RIB
10%
High Energy
Experiment
39%
JOURNAL: 142
CONF. PROCEEDINGS: 58
Celebration of Diamond Jubilee Year of DAE
 Theme of the celebration :
“Atoms in the service of nation”.
 Debate competition on
“Nuclear energy is the energy of future”
Lecture session
 Participation of about 400 students
 Interactive session with VECC scientists
Welcome address
Lunch
Registration
Prize distribution
Interactive session
Debate
Visit of Students at VECC and Interaction with Scientists
 Don Bosco School, Bandel and Liluah
 Lady Brabourne College, Kolkata
 Belur Vidyamandir, Belur
 Mankundu High School, Mankundu
 St. Agnes school, Kharagpur
 Raghunathpur High School, Basirhat, West Bengal
 Advance Training Institute, Howrah
 Trainees of Science communications and media practice, Kolkata
 Indian Science News Association, Kolkata
 Berachampa Deulia Uchha Vidyalaya, Barasat West Bengal
Students from Berachampa Deulia Uchcha
Vidyalaya visit VECC on on 24th September, 2014
Visit of Students at VECC and Interaction with Scientists
Mankundu High School
Students of B.Sc (Physics) from
Lady Brabourne College
Students from Don Bosco School
visit VECC on on 10th April, 2015
Outreach talk by Prof. Rolf Heuer, Director General of CERN,
“Breaking the wall of the hidden universe - What the
discovery of the Higgs boson tells us about
Physics, Mankind and the Universe”,
Visits of VECC Scientists
Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama, Satragachi, Murshidabad, September 20, 2014
 Ramakrishna Mission, Narendrapur, West Bengal, May 1, 2015
VECC participated in Exhibitions :
19th National Exhibition Organized by Central Calcutta Science and
Culture Organization for Youth, Sodepur, September 3-7, 2014
Participation of VECC at International Kolkata Book Fair
39th Kolkata Book Fair at Milan Mela Ground, Kolkata
Meeting various students, researchers and common people
Meeting press and electronic media along with DAE persons
Participation of VECC at Indian Science Congress, Mumbai
 102nd Indian Science Congress, at University of Mumbai
 Participation in “Pride of India” Expo along with DAE
Career Opportunity in DAE: Glimpses from the Seminars in
Bihar, West Bengal, and Odisha
DAE Group Achievement
Award
44th NATIONAL SAFETY WEEK
CELLEBRATION March 2-4, 2015
• THEME:
“Construction
Safety &
Occupational
Health”.
• Safety Quiz,
Slogan, Safety
Poster, Essay
competition
Shri G. Gouthaman, Chairman, BARC Safety Council attended
the inaugural function as Chief Guest on 2nd March,2015
Rescue operation by
Fire Staff during Fire
Safety Week
observation- April 1417,2015
Fire
fighting competition by VECC Fire Squad
Fire fighting competition among fire squads of VECC
Members
Physical Sciences
1. 29 (students) + 14 (scientific officers) are doing Ph. D. now.
2. 8 (students) +3 (officers) have received Ph. D. in physical sciences
during the last one year.
3. There are 8 Post-doctoral Fellows.
Engineering Sciences
1. 11 candidates are doing and 12 have completed M. Tech.
2. 14 candidates are doing Ph. D. in Engineering Sciences.
About 170 students from 71 Institutes work(ed) as summer/winter/vacation
interns.
DAE Excellence in Science, Engineering & Technology
Award – 2013
Dr. Saila Bhattacharya -
Group Achievement Award
Shri Gautam Pal
-
Group Achievement Award
Dr. Gopal Mukherjee
-
Scientific & Technical
Excellence Award
Dr. Deepak Pandit
Shri A. K. Chowdhury
-
Young Scientist Award
Meritorious Service Award
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Dr. Tapan Kumar Nayak: Elected, Fellow of National Academy of Sciences, India.
Dr. Prithwish Tribedi: Forbes India Achiever, “Just-30 Club”
Santu Manna: 2nd Best Poster Award, DAE Symposium on Nuclear Physics.
Soumik Bhattacharya: 2nd Best Poster Award, Euro-school on Exotic Beams.
Dr. Debasis Banerjee: Best Poster Award, National Symposium on Radiochemistry.
Dr. Tapan Kumar Nayak and Dr. D. K. Srivastava: Elected as Members of
Editorial Board, Pramana
Dr. Dirtha Sanyal: Outstanding Reviewer, Chemical Physics Letters.
Dr. D. K. Srivastava: delivered Sir C. V. Raman Memorial Lecture of Indian
Physics Association
Dr. D. K. Srivastava: elected President, Indian Physical Society
Dr. Y. P. Viyogi: awarded Tirhut Sahitya Samman by Mithila Sanskritik Parishad.
Dr. Amit Roy: awarded Eminent Scientist Award of Indian Nuclear Society.
We are in love with our little campus!
व�
ृ हं ता हतो त्व�रत, व�
ृ ो र��त र��तः
Call of the City :Jackals of VECC !
From Foundation Day Lecture, 2014
शर् ृण्व �वश्व अम ृतस् पत
ु ्र
(Oh the Children of Immortality, Listen if you please ..)
Trapped in a Metropolis: The
Jackals of Salt Lake
ds
The Statesman, January 26, 2015
Citizen Jackal
Saumik Bag,
Mint, May 23, 2015
Vibrant Basic Research
Path Breaking Developments
Devoted Employees
Brilliant Students
Societal Awareness
Wide Recognitions
Collaborations Across the World
Sufficient Funds
Several Dream Projects
Fullest Support from DAE
Great Future Ahead…..
What Else Can One Ask for?