UNITS 5–6 car_et co_ton c_cling cu_board cu_tains gla_s ic_

UNITS 5–6
COMMUNICATIVE AIMS
LEARNING HOW TO …
1 Talk about what has and hasn’t
happened
2 Talk about experiences
3 Talk about achievements and
important events
4 Describe a sequence of past events
5 Talk about past habits and states
6 Talk about inventions
TOPICS AND VOCABULARY
A
Countries
They didn’t use to ha
ve electric light.
Phrases with go, learn and ride
Sport
Geographical features
Disability
Recycling
Household items
Materials
Inventions
Phrases with do and make
1 Match four of the communicative aims (1–6) with
the pictures (A–D).
2
Complete the words and put them into categories.
Sport
Materials
Household items
car_et co_ton c_cling
cu_board cu_tains gla_s
ic_ ho_key m_tal mirr_r
plas_ic p_per r_nning sai_ing
sa_cepan s_iing su_fing
va_uum cle_ner wo_l
B
ed the USA yet.
They haven’t reach
3
2.15 Listen to extracts 1–3 from Units 5
and 6. Match them with A–C below.
A An extract from an autobiography
B A description of an invention
C Information about a new sport
60
9780230408494_units 5-6.indd 60
23/09/2011 10:30
4 Play What kind of person?
Work in pairs and make notes describing four other
students under these headings.
What kind of person?
Colour
Day of the week
Month of the year
Place
Clothes
Household item
C
Food
ed by da Vinci in 1478,
The car, which was sketch
ork.
ckw
clo
by
s
run
Animal
Take turns to read out your descriptions to another
group. Can they guess who the people are?
D
This person is red. She is Monday. June. And a beach.
She is a pair of blue jeans. A phone. Pizza. And a cat.
Ruth had planned
to go to university
, but instead
she left school an
d started her ow
n business.
ve
Belioe
r
it
not!
Who is the world’s greatest inventor?
Many people think that Thomas Edison
registered the most inventions – he had
over 1,000 patents, including the light bulb.
But Dr Yoshiro Nakamatsu from Tokyo has
3,200 patents, including the floppy disk!
Although he’s 78, he’s still going strong, so
that number will probably increase.
61
9780230408494_units 5-6.indd 61
23/09/2011 10:31
51
CHALLENGES
Has she learnt first aid yet?
Talking about what has and hasn’t happened
Present perfect with just, already, yet
1 OPENER
Look at 10 things to do before you’re 20.
Tick the things that you have already done.
LISTENING
2
Listen to Lisa and Steve.
Write L (Lisa) and S (Steve) for
the things they’ve already done.
2.16
10 things to do
before you’re 20
1 Go to a gig
2 Learn first aid
3 Perform in a play
4 Ride a horse
5 Write a poem
ends
6 Go camping with fri
party
y
da
7 Organise a birth
8 Go skiing
9 Learn to drive
10 Hold a baby
3 SPEAKING
Check your answers to exercise 2.
A Has Lisa been to a gig yet?
B Yes, she’s already been to lots of gigs.
B Has she learnt first aid yet?
A No, she hasn’t done that yet.
Now ask another student questions
about 10 things to do before you’re 20
and note down the answers.
4 WRITING
Write sentences about the student you
interviewed in exercise 3.
Pedro hasn’t been to a gig yet, but he’s
already learnt first aid.
Extension
62
9780230408494_units 5-6.indd 62
23/09/2011 10:31
UNIT
5 READING
5
7 VOCABULARY
Read the newspaper report, and look at the route
of the journey. How many countries have McGregor
and Boorman been to so far?
2.17
Long Way Round
Actors Ewan McGregor and Charley Boorman have just
arrived in Kazakhstan on a 20,000-mile motorcycle trip.
The pair are on their way round the world – they’ve
already travelled across Europe, but they haven’t
completed a quarter of their journey yet.
McGregor (famous for films such as Star Wars)
and Boorman are spending more than three months
travelling on motorbikes from
Route of the
London through Europe, Asia,
Canada and the USA. It’s a
journey
long and challenging journey
14 April – Belgium
– fortunately they haven’t had
15 April – Germany
16 April – Czech Republic any accidents yet.
19 April – Slovakia
McGregor and Boorman
21 April – Ukraine
are making a film about the
27 April – Russia
trip and are highlighting the
1 May – Kazakhstan
work of UNICEF. They’ve
16 May – Russia
already visited the Chernobyl
19 May – Mongolia
Children’s Project in Ukraine,
2 June – Russia
and they’re going to call in at
1 July – USA (Alaska)
a youth centre in Kazakhstan.
8 July – Canada
They are also planning to visit
17 July – USA
a project which helps street
29 July – New York City
children in Mongolia.
Complete the word maps with these words and phrases.
a bicycle camping on holiday a horse
an instrument a language first aid
a motorbike skiing to drive to a gig
GO
LEARN
RIDE
8 PRONUNCIATION
2.18
Listen and repeat.
/eə/ where
//eɪ/ way
bear pair
dare stare
hair their
bay
day
hey
pay
stay
they
Now listen and write the words you hear.
9 WRITING
Write a list of ten things you’d like to do in the future.
Then exchange lists with another student. Write
sentences about the things on your partner’s list that
you’ve already done and haven’t done yet.
Meet a famous person Travel round the world
Appear on television
I’ve already met a famous person – I’ve just met Ewan
McGregor!
Extension
6 AFTER READING
It’s 1st May. Look at the route of the journey and ask and
answer questions about McGregor and Boorman’s trip.
LANGUAGE WORKOUT
Complete.
A Have they been to Germany yet?
B Yes, they’ve already been to Germany.
1 go to Germany?
2 reach Alaska?
3 go to Russia
4 cross Mongolia?
5 travel through Ukraine?
6 arrive in Canada?
Make three more true statements about McGregor and
Boorman’s journey so far, using just, already or yet.
A They’ve just left Russia.
B They’ve already been to Belgium.
A They haven’t visited the street children project yet.
Your response How would you like to travel round
the world – on a motorbike or bicycle, on foot, by car, by
boat or by plane? Who would you like to go with?
Answers and Practice
Language File page 117
63
9780230408494_units 5-6.indd 63
23/09/2011 10:31
52
CHALLENGES
Have you ever wondered …?
Talking about experiences
Present perfect with ever and never
Present perfect and past simple
1 OPENER
Look at the photos and describe
what the people are doing.
2 READING
Read the text and match the
extreme sports with the photos.
Then listen and check.
2.19
B
A
Zorbing
Zorbing – or sphereing – started in New
Zealand in the mid-1990s. What’s it like?
It’s like bungee jumping, it’s like floating,
it’s like going on a roller coaster, and it’s
unlike anything you’ve ever done before!
Imagine being inside a giant bouncy
beach ball rolling down a steep hill at up
to 50km an hour. You’re strapped into the
two-metre sphere and pushed over the top
of a hill.
‘I didn’t have a clue what was going
on,’ says someone who has tried it. ‘I saw
colours whizzing by: blue sky, green grass,
blue sky, green grass, and I could hear
myself laughing uncontrollably.’
Have you ever wondered what it’s like
inside a washing machine? Well, try HydroSphereing, where you roll down the hill in
a sphere containing 30 litres of water!
Kite surfing
Kite surfing started in France in the 1980s
and has recently become very popular
worldwide. You use a small surfboard and
a large kite on 30-metre lines. The kite
pulls you through the water and you can
steer with the lines. You can just speed
through the water, or you can do jumps as
high as a house. ‘I’ve never had so much
fun,’ says a kite-surfer. ‘It’s much more
exciting than water-skiing behind a boat.’
C
Para-skiing
Have you ever wanted to ski off a
mountain and fly? If you like skiing and
paragliding, then this is the sport for you,
because it combines skiing and flying!
The way to do it is to ski straight
down the hill with the parachute wing
behind you. Then let the parachute come
up in the air behind you and whoosh!
Suddenly you’re flying.
D
Free running
This sport is also known as parkour in
France, where it began, and there are lots
of videos of it on the Web. It involves free
running through the city, climbing walls,
crossing roofs and jumping from building
to building. ‘It’s about getting from point
A to point B in the most efficient way,’ a
free-runner explains. ‘It’s not just about
exercise – it’s about finding new ways to
do things and new ways of looking at life.
I’ve never done anything like it before.’
64
9780230408494_units 5-6.indd 64
23/09/2011 10:31
UNIT
3 AFTER READING
7 Make a word map for sport. Use words from this
Answer the questions.
lesson, and add other words you know.
Which sport(s) …
1 gives you a new view of a city?
2 is like going on a roller coaster?
3 is more enjoyable than water-skiing?
4 makes you look at things differently?
5 do you do on water?
6 makes you laugh so much that you can’t stop?
7 needs no equipment?
8 came from France?
9 use the wind?
para-skiing
In which sport do you …
10 do nothing?
11 start very high up?
12 steer with lines?
4 PRONUNCIATION
Listen and repeat the compound nouns. Mark the
main stress.
2.20
bungee jumping ice hockey kite surfing
paragliding roller coaster water-skiing
5 SPEAKING
Ask other students questions and complete the chart.
When
What it was like?
Go on a roller coaster
Try bungee jumping
Go water-skiing
Play ice hockey
Go sailing
Do aerobics
Win a race
Ride a motorbike
A
B
A
B
WATER
AIR
SPORT
LAND
8 SPEAKING
would you most and least like to try? Why/Why not?
Name
water-skiing
football
Your response Which of these extreme sports
Activity
5
Ask each other questions using Have you ever
wanted to …? and these phrases.
change your name move to another town
live in another country visit … meet …
learn to … try …
A
B
A
B
Have you ever wanted to change your name?
No, I haven’t.
Why not?
Because I’m happy with it!
9 WRITING
Write a paragraph about five things you’ve always
wanted to do but have never done. Say why you’ve
never done them.
LANGUAGE WORKOUT
Complete.
Have you ever been on a rollercoaster?
Yes, I have.
When did you do it and what was it like?
I did it on holiday last year. I was really scared on the
ride, but I felt great afterwards.
Compare your chart with three other students.
Extension
6 WRITING
How many of the activities in exercise 5 have you
tried? Write a paragraph saying what you have tried,
when, and what it was like.
Answers and Practice
Language File pages 117–118
65
9780230408494_units 5-6.indd 65
23/09/2011 10:32
53
CHALLENGES
We’ve been friends ever since we met
Talking about achievements and important events
Present perfect with for and since
1 OPENER
Look at the photo of Usain
Bolt. How is he feeling?
What has he done?
2 READING
Read the text and match
six of these headings with
quotations 1–6.
2.21
Something I’d like to change
What I do at a race
Drugs
The future
Someone I rely on
Winning
Charity work
Usain
Bolt:
9.58
Usain Bolt was born in Trelawney,
Jamaica in August 1986. At the 2008
Olympics® in Beijing he won three gold
medals (100 metres, 200 metres and
4x100 metres relay). He set a new world
record in each event. In 2009 at the World
Championships in Berlin he set new world
records in both the 100 metres (9.58
seconds) and 200 metres (19.19 seconds). In
his autobiography, Usain Bolt: 9.58, he talks
about his life.
1
66
‘I’ve won hundreds of medals since I was
at school. It’s special when you win your
first one, but after a while the novelty wears
off. It’s not the piece of metal that matters,
it’s the achievement itself. I don’t need to
see the medals to know I won, and I don’t
have to show them to anyone to prove it.
Everybody knows.’
9780230408494_units 5-6.indd 66
2
‘My best friend in the world is still NJ, or
Nugent Walker Junior. We’ve been friends
ever since we met on the first day at primary
school and I can’t remember ever falling out
with him. We hit it off straight away and
now he’s my personal assistant, someone I
can turn to at any time of day or night, who
is always, always there for me.’
3
‘I don’t worry about who I’m racing against
or what’s going to happen. I just go out
there, entertain the crowd and win.’
4
‘I’d like to cut out the habit of looking
around me as I run, because I know it
would improve my times. It’s a bad habit
I’ve had since high school.’
5
‘My fame gives me an opportunity to
help those who are less fortunate and
assist other charitable agencies. I’ve been
involved in a number of projects including
work in the health, education, community
development and sports sectors.’
6
‘My attitude to drugs has always been to
stay away from them. I tried a cigarette
when I was 13 years old, but I’ve never
touched one since. I’ve had to do drug
tests for years – I had my first drug test in
Miami just before I was 17. I’m tested after
every race, and every day I have to tell the
authorities where I’m going to be in case
they want to do a test.’
23/09/2011 10:32
UNIT
3 AFTER READING
Match the questions with the
answers. There are two wrong
answers.
5
6 SPEAKING
Make questions and interview another student. Note down the answers.
1 How many medals did Usain
Bolt win at the 2008 Olympics®?
2 How many medals has he won
since he was at school?
3 How long has he known his
personal assistant?
4 Why would he like to get rid of a
bad habit?
5 What does being famous give
him a chance to do?
6 What happens to him after every
race?
a
b
c
d
e
For three years.
So he could run faster.
He’s tested for drugs.
More than a hundred.
Since they were at primary
school.
f Help people who are less lucky
than him.
g Travel around the world.
h Three.
Your response What do you
admire about Usain Bolt? What
does it take to be a successful
athlete? What problems can fame
and success cause?
4 VOCABULARY
Complete with the correct
preposition: about, at, in, to, with.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
be
the Olympic® Games
show something
someone
worry
something
fall out
someone
be involved
something
be
a class
be
school
live
a house
5 PRONUNCIATION
Mark the stressed syllable.
How long/you/be/at this school?
A How long have you been at this school?
B For three years./Since September 2010.
When/you/get/to school today?
A When did you get to school today?
B At eight o’clock.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
How long/we/have/this coursebook?
When/you/start/learning English?
Who/you/know/the longest in this class? When/you/first/meet/them?
Which friend/you/have/the longest? How long/you/be/friends?
What’s your favourite band? When/you/first/hear/them?
What’s your favourite sport? How long/you/play/it?
How long/you/live/in this town?
How long/you/live/in the same house or flat?
What colour are your favourite shoes? When/you/get/them?
Has your family got any pets? How long/you/have/them?
Now tell another student about the most interesting answers.
Extension
7 WRITING
Look at questions 3–10 in exercise 6 again. Write a paragraph about
yourself answering some of the questions.
LANGUAGE WORKOUT
Complete.
achievement attitude
authorities community
development entertain
fortunate novelty
opportunity primary
Now listen and check. Repeat
the words.
2.22
Answers and Practice
Language File pages 117–118
67
9780230408494_units 5-6.indd 67
23/09/2011 10:32
54
CHALLENGES
Integrated Skills
Describing personal experiences
1 OPENER
How much do you know about
Peru? Do the quiz: choose A or B.
1 Peru is on the … coast of South
America.
A Atlantic B Pacific
2 Its capital is …
A Lima
B Santiago
3 It shares a border with …
A Bolivia B Paraguay
4 The Andes … runs through Peru.
A river
B mountain range
5 The … built Machu Picchu.
A Aztecs
B Incas
READING
2 Students Julie and Simon
are backpacking round South
America. Read and complete
Julie’s blog with phrases a–f.
a and rises to over 4,000 metres in
some places
b which tastes a bit like beef
c it was the capital of the Inca
empire
d it’s 3,809 metres above sea level
e for a hot shower and a rest
before dinner
f on the edge of the mountain
Now listen and check. Which
words in the phrases helped you
to complete the text?
2.23
We’ve been busy since we arrived in Peru from Ecuador a week ago!
It’s our fourth country so far. First we took a bus from Lima, the
capital, to Cuzco (24 hours!). Somewhere on the journey I lost my
watch, but it wasn’t valuable, so it didn’t really matter. Cuzco is a
beautiful old town surrounded by the Andes mountains – 1 .
We spent a night in a hostel, and the next morning we started to
walk the Inca trail to the city of Machu Picchu. The trail is often very
steep 2 , so lots of people suffer from altitude sickness. I’ve been
lucky because I haven’t felt ill, but Simon has had a bad headache for
a couple of days.
The trek along the Inca trail took four days and it was exhausting.
But it was well worth it. On the last day, we got up at 4am to reach
Machu Picchu in time for sunrise. When we got there, the city was
invisible because it was covered in cloud. But suddenly the cloud
lifted, and there was Machu Picchu 3 . It was magic!
We spent several hours wandering round the site – what an
incredible place! Then back to Cuzco by bus and train 4 . We’ve
had some interesting food in Peru. I’ve already tried llama, 5 .
A local speciality in Cuzco is roast guinea pig, but I couldn’t face it!
Tomorrow we’re going to Lake Titicaca, on the border between Peru
and Bolivia. It’s the largest freshwater lake in South America and one
of the highest in the world – 6 . The weather has been great – let’s
hope it stays that way.
68
9780230408494_units 5-6.indd 68
23/09/2011 10:32
UNIT
3 Find the highlighted words in the text which mean:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
LEARNER
INDEPENDENCE
9 Self assessment: Look back over this
cheap hotel n
height n
walking in a relaxed way v
path through the countryside n
rising quickly adj
very tiring adj
worth a lot of money adj
something you can’t see adj
unit, think about what you’ve learnt
and make a list.
Information I’ve found out more about
South America.
Grammar I’ve learnt how to use
‘already’ and ‘yet’ with the present
perfect.
Vocabulary I’ve learnt new words for
sports.
4 Linking words: so and because.
Find examples of so and because in the text. Then complete these rules.
We use
We use
to talk about reason or cause.
to talk about consequence or result.
If there are any areas where you have
problems, look back at the lesson
again and refer to the Language File.
Now complete these sentences with so or because.
1
2
3
4
5
They were tired
the bus journey took 24 hours.
Cuzco is surrounded by mountains,
it gets very cold at night.
We got up early
we wanted to see the sunrise.
Lots of people visit Machu Picchu
it’s very beautiful.
I haven’t got much money,
I can’t go on holiday this year.
10 Word creation: Make nouns ending
in -ity from these adjectives and
complete the sentences.
active electric national popular
possible real responsible special
5 LISTENING
Listen to Julie and Simon talking to Rod, an American backpacker in
Cuzco. Follow their route on the map and number the countries in the
order they’re visiting them.
2.24
1 Seafood is a
in this restaurant.
2 Reading is my favourite leisure
.
3 There’s a
of rainstorms later
today.
4 The
of backpacking holidays
has grown recently.
5 Where are you from? What’s your
?
6 Parents have a
to look after
their children.
7 If we turn off the lights, we’ll save
.
8 Snowboarding looks difficult, but in
it’s quite easy.
VENEZUELA
COLOMBIA
ECUADOR
SPEAKING
PERU
BRAZIL
6 Look at your answers to
exercise 5. Use the map and
tell each other which countries
Julie and Simon have already
visited, and which countries
CHILE
they haven’t visited yet.
7 Plan a backpacking trip with
another student. Choose a
country or group of countries,
and decide which places
you want to visit. Plan your
itinerary.
11
URUGUAY
ARGENTINA
8 GUIDED WRITING
Imagine you are on the road! Write a blog about the
backpacking trip you planned in exercise 7. Use the text
in exercise 2 to help you and include this information.
●
●
●
●
●
●
5
Where are you now?
Where is it exactly, and what’s it like?
How did you get there?
Where have you already been?
What have you done?
Where are you going next?
2.25 Phrasebook: Find these
useful expressions in Unit 5. Then
listen and repeat.
I didn’t have a clue.
Have you ever wondered
what it’s like?
I’ve never had so much fun.
I’ve never done anything
like it before.
It didn’t really matter.
It was well worth it.
It was magic!
What an incredible place!
I couldn’t face it.
Let’s hope it stays that way.
Now write a five-line dialogue using
three or more of the expressions.
69
9780230408494_units 5-6.indd 69
23/09/2011 10:32
5
CHALLENGES
Inspiration
EXTRA!
LANGUAGE LINKS
Try to write eleven English words for colours. Then
read The Language of Colours.
SKETCH The Interview
2.26
Read and listen.
WOMAN
MAN
WOMAN
THE LANGUAGE OF COLOURS
English, like most languages, has
eleven words to describe colours:
white, black, red, green, yellow, blue,
brown, purple, pink, orange and grey.
However, the Japanese word
awo can mean green, blue or pale
depending on what it is used to
describe (for example, vegetables, sea,
clouds).
In Hanunóo, a language which is
spoken by 7,000 people on the island
of Mondoro in the Philippines, there
are just four words for colours: black,
white, red and green. The Native
American language Navaho uses the
same word for blue and green, but
has two words for black: one for the
black of darkness, and one for the
black of objects like coal.
Dani, a language spoken in Papua
New Guinea, has only two words for
colours: one is for ‘cool’ colours, like
black, green and blue, and the other
is for ‘warm’ colours, including white,
red and yellow.
MAN
WOMAN
MAN
WOMAN
MAN
WOMAN
MAN
WOMAN
MAN
WOMAN
MAN
WOMAN
MAN
WOMAN
MAN
WOMAN
MAN
WOMAN
Find out what these colours are. Which two are
colours of the rainbow?
beige khaki indigo maroon turquoise violet
Are you ready?
Yes, sorry. Right. Er. Now. Which job have you
applied for?
Deep-sea diver.
And what experience have you got of diving?
Well, none, really, but I …
I’m sorry. Let me ask you again. Have you ever been
underwater?
Oh yes, lots of times.
I see. So you have dived.
No, I haven’t. Not in
the sea, that is.
Then where have
you dived?
Do I have to
answer that?
Come on. Answer
the question! Where
have you dived if you
haven’t dived in the
sea?
You’ve already asked me that.
I know I have! And what’s the answer?
In the bath at home.
That’s not deep-sea diving!
I know. But you see – there’s a problem. I can’t swim.
So why have you applied for a job as a deep-sea
diver?
Why? Because it’s very well paid and there’s lots of
foreign travel.
Well paid! Travel! Stop wasting my time and get out!
You’ve failed to get the job! The interview is over.
No, I’m sorry, but you’re the one who has failed. We
were looking for a good interviewer and you were
terrible. Goodbye. Next!
Now act out the sketch in pairs.
Game Help!
●
●
●
●
Work in small groups.
One group member is a tourist on holiday in a country
where he/she doesn’t speak the language. The other
members are people who live in that country.
The tourist has a problem and needs help. But because
the tourist doesn’t speak the language he/she has to
mime the problem. The other group members try to
guess what the problem is.
The group member who guesses the problem
becomes the tourist, and the game is played again.
70
9780230408494_units 5-6.indd 70
05/10/2011 17:34
UNIT
EXTENSION
REVISION
Look at 10 things to do before you’re 20
on page 62. Use your answers to exercise 2 to
write eight sentences about Lisa and Steve.
LESSON 1
Lisa’s already been to lots of gigs. She hasn’t
learnt first aid yet.
Look at exercise 8 on page 65. Write six
sentences about the student you interviewed.
LESSON 2
Helena has never wanted to change her name
because she likes it.
LESSON 3
5
Write five sentences using these
phrases.
last four days last Wednesday I got up
a couple of minutes summer
She’s only been here for a couple of minutes.
I haven’t felt well since I got up.
LESSON 1
Look at exercise 5 on page 63. Imagine it
is 17 July. Write eight questions about McGregor and
Boorman’s trip using verbs from the text in the present
perfect and yet. Answer the questions using just, yet, or
already.
Have they been to the Czech Republic yet?
Yes, they’ve already been there.
LESSON 2
Look at the chart you completed in exercise 5
on page 65 and write a paragraph about the students
you interviewed.
Kris and Stephanie haven’t been water-skiing, but Nadia
has. She went water-skiing when she was on holiday in
Spain last summer.
LESSON 3
Look at exercise 2 on page 66. Imagine
you are interviewing Usain Bolt. Choose some of the
questions 4–10 in exercise 4 and write his answers.
YOUR CHOICE!
CONSTRUCTION Present perfect or past simple?
ACTION Make yourself look good!
Complete with the present perfect or past simple of the verbs.
●
Zorbing is quite a new sport and many people 1 (not try) it yet.
Dwane van der Sluis and Andrew Akers 2 (invent) zorbing in
New Zealand in the 1990s. The inventors 3 (want) to design a
ball so that people could ‘walk’ on water, but it 4 (not work)
very well. Then they 5 (try) rolling it down a hill with great
success. Now zorbing centres 6 (open) around the world and
soon everyone will know someone who 7 (try) the sport.
‘Once you 8 (have) a go, you want to do it again and again,’ a
teenage zorber said.
●
●
●
●
REFLECTION Present perfect
Choose the correct rule.
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
We use for to refer to
A a period of time.
B a point in time.
We use since to refer to
A a period of time.
B a point in time.
We use the present perfect with just to talk about things that
A happened a long time ago. B happened very recently.
We use the present perfect with already to talk about things
that
A have happened.
B haven’t happened.
B negative statements.
We use never in
A affirmative statements.
B negative statements.
Student B repeats the sentence and adds to it.
I’ve been to India and China.
Student C repeats Student B’s sentence and
adds to it.
I’ve been to India, China and Egypt.
Student D repeats Student C’s sentence and
adds to it.
I’ve been to India, China, Egypt and Antarctica.
INTERACTION The present I’ve always
wanted
●
●
●
We use the present perfect with yet to talk about things that
A we expect to happen.
B have happened recently.
We usually use ever in
A questions.
Work in groups of four. Use these verbs: go,
kiss, meet, see, talk, win.
Student A makes a sentence using one of
the verbs in the present perfect.
I’ve been to India.
●
Work in a small group.
We are given presents on our birthdays
and at other times of the year. Imagine it’s
one of those days and you can choose the
present.
What present have you always wanted but
never got? It could be a thing, or an event,
or a skill you’d like to have, or something
you’d like for someone else.
Take turns to tell each other about the
present you’ve always wanted and why it
has been such an important wish.
71
9780230408494_units 5-6.indd 71
23/09/2011 10:32
5 Culture
TOURISM
A
Wait until the
guys back home
see this!
B
Do you think we
should give them
money?
Great! I wanted to
get a picture of the
Masai jump dance!
Tourism: who gets the money?
Many tourists believe that much of the money they spend on a holiday
to a poor country benefits the local community. But how much of the
cost of this kind of holiday really goes to the country you visit?
Let’s take a family in Europe who go on holiday somewhere in Africa.
Some of their money goes to the travel agent who sells the holiday,
and to the tour company that organises it. More money goes to the
European airline that flies the family there and back. The resort is
owned by a European company. The manager and top staff at the resort
are European, and most of their salary is paid into banks back home.
The tourists travel from the airport to their hotel in an imported coach
and the hotel furniture is all made in Europe. The waiters, cooks and
cleaners are local, but they don’t earn very much money. And the food
and drink which they serve is almost all imported.
As a rule, less than a third of the money paid for this kind of
holiday goes to the country which is visited.
C
How tourism can help developing countries
So is it always wrong to visit poor countries as a tourist? Not at all
– it depends on the kind of holiday you take. Responsible tourists
use their visit to learn about the culture and language of the country
they are in. They interact with the locals and ask questions – rather
than believing that they know all the answers! They travel by public
transport and eat the local food. The souvenirs they buy are locallymade, not imported. And everyone benefits. The responsible tourist
has a great holiday and the money that is spent stays in the country.
D
The good news about tourism
Tourism is big business in Europe and provides at least 10 million jobs
across the continent. Spending by tourists is vital for the economies
of many European countries, providing a high percentage of their
income. Croatia gets 25.5% of its income from tourism, Malta 23%
and Greece 17.2%. Tourism is also important for Spain (17.2%) and
Switzerland (12.6%).
E
MING
THE TOURISTS ARE CO
Zephaniah
Benjamin
Tell them to be careful
an earful
If they’re not give them
ing
com
are
The tourists
.
ing
com
are
The tourists
nightly
They may want to party
be tidy
But tell them they must
ing
The tourists are com
The tourists are coming.
we’ve planted
They must respect what
for granted
us
e
They should not tak
ing
com
are
The tourists
.
ing
com
are
The tourists
at they preach
They should practise wh
r beach
When they’re lying on ou
to play.
The tourists are coming
ny
Because our land is sun
y
ne
mo
ir
the
h
wit
They come here
ing
com
are
ts
The touris
The tourists are coming.
72
9780230408494_units 5-6.indd 72
23/09/2011 10:34
Culture
3 LISTENING
2.28
Listen and choose the correct answer.
Are tourists destroying the
famous places they visit?
Let’s look at some well-known tourist
sites around the world and see what’s
happening.
Machu Picchu
This Inca site in Peru receives about 100,000/
1,000,000 visitors a year. There are so many
tourists that you can only walk along the Inca
Trail to the site if you are in a group/on your own.
Angkor Wat
More and more tourists come to Cambodia to
visit the Angkor Archaeological Park. One way
of reducing/increasing numbers is to have
two prices for entry: Cambodians go free but
foreigners pay $10/$20 for a day ticket.
Pompeii
The Roman town is one of the best-known
sites in the world but it is also one of the
ones which is in most danger. In 1981,
86,300/863,000 visitors came to see what
life was like in Roman times, but now the
numbers have increased to two/ten million
people a year.
Taj Mahal
1 READING
2.27
Read texts A, B, C, D and E and answer the questions.
1 Which text(s):
● gives advice on responsible tourism?
● tells local people and tourists how to behave?
● gives facts and figures about money and tourism?
● shows the attitudes of tourists to local people?
2 In general, how much of the money that tourists spend on a
holiday to a poor country benefits the local community?
3 In The Tourists Are Coming the poet tells the tourists to do four
things. What are they?
4 In your opinion, how valuable is the income from tourism to your
country? What can people do to increase it?
5 Have any of the texts made you change your ideas about tourism?
6 What do you think the Masai’s attitude to tourists and tourism is?
The Taj Mahal is the most popular
tourist site in India – every year it has
300,000/3,000,000 visitors – and you are
never alone there. One plan is to close the
Taj Mahal completely and only let visitors look
at it from a distance.
4 MINI-PROJECT
Responsible tourism
Discuss these topics with another
student. Use the texts in this lesson to
help you.
●
●
2 VOCABULARY
Match these words with their definitions.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
resort n
benefit v
community n
respect v
salary n
staff n
import v
preach v
9780230408494_units 5-6.indd 73
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
tell people what to do
show you think something is important
place where people go for a holiday
people who work for a business or organisation
bring into a country from abroad
what you earn each month from a job
group of people who live in a place
help
Ways in which tourism could become
more responsible: money, jobs, respect
for the environment and local people.
Problems which more responsible
tourism could face: numbers of
people, accommodation, travelling to
and from remote places.
Work together and write two
paragraphs giving your views on
responsible tourism. Read your work
carefully and correct any mistakes.
Then compare your report with other
students.
73
26/01/2012 16:14