Anastasiia Ivanova Olga Kotelnikova Alina
Transcription
Anastasiia Ivanova Olga Kotelnikova Alina
Team: Anastasiia Ivanova Olga Kotelnikova Alina Luchinina Tatiana Rubtsova Current strategy of Ryazan Capital Bank does not support the goal of maximizing return on equity Financial results Maximize ROE Revenue 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Return on Equity, 2012, % 16% 7% Top 3, average Customers Market share Customer Satisfaction Tier I, average Financial Health RCB …customer survey has shown low customer satisfaction with bank operations 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 2009 RCB revenue growth Operating Efficiency Tier II, average 1% Although RCB revenue constantly grew at a higher pace comparing to market… 2008 Internal Processes 12% RCB’s current strategy of growth led to far lower profitability in comparison with competitors 2010 2011 Bank service revenue growth Operating margin is steadily recovering… RUR, mln …while share of provisions for NPL has grown sharply during last 5 years RUR, mln IT excellence Employee Performance Learning & Growth Workforce Knowledge Sources: Market Line database Absence of trainings and career perspectives has led to high staff turnover… …While because o high staff turnover, employees are unqulified 2 Current strategy of Ryazan Capital Bank does not support the goal of maximizing return on equity Financial results Maximize ROE Revenue Costs 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Return on Equity, 2012, % 16% 7% Top 3, average Customers Tier I, average RCB …customer survey has shown low customer satisfaction with bank operations 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 2008 2009 RCB revenue growth Operating Efficiency Tier II, average 1% Although RCB revenue constantly grew at a higher pace comparing to market… Market share Customer Satisfaction Internal Processes 12% RCB’s current strategy of growth led to far lower profitability in comparison with competitors Financial Health 2010 2011 Bank service revenue growth Operating margin is steadily recovering… RUR, mln …while share of provisions for NPL has grown sharply during last 5 years RUR, mln IT excellence Employee Performance Learning & Growth Workforce Knowledge Sources: Market Line database Absence of trainings and career perspectives has led to high staff turnover… …While because o high staff turnover, employees are unqulified 3 Optimal solution out of several strategic options is focus on low risk borrowers. Macroeconomic conditions suggest the target market is corporate business Strategic options of the bank depend on the range of products it offers and the borrowers it targets Low Risk Narrow Quality of borrowers Risk “The selected” Targeting high risk borrowers is unsustainable, as increase in risk leads to high provisions and NPL growth. High “Risky special” Market Broad “All the trustworthy” “Everyone welcome” RCB needs to focus on specific market segment and target borrowers with high creditworthiness. Covering broad market is difficult, as resources are limited. Taking into consideration macroeconomic conditions, one should target the corporate business – the base for future growth Oil prices will fall USD/barrel Government (budget) income will decrease Ruble is going to weaken RUR/USD Costs of import will rise, increasing costs of production Both corporate and retail crediting will fall. We need to finance business: if it has financial resources, it will be able to grow and pay its employees more. Then population’s consumption will rise. GDP growth will decrease Real income of population will decrease Inflation will rise Political risks make situation worse. Long-term forecast is around 2%. Source: EIU Economic and Commodity Forecast, December 2013, RBC, Agency of Economics Forecasting Nominal income will increase, but with slower pace 4 New strategy involves two steps: developing SME business and cross-selling retail products to SME employees RCB’s strategy is sustainable profitable growth as a regional bank by supporting SMEs and their staff in increasing their wealth “Growing together with clients!” 2014 - 2015 2016 - 2018 Product portfolio • Corporate business Developing SME segment actively Providing individual solutions to large companies Maintaining SME business growth Providing individual solutions to large companies • Retail business Optimizing existing loan portfolio Increasing non-interest income Going digital Growing retail business actively by using strong links with employees of SMEs (cross-selling) Growth Supporting growth by gradual geographical expansion to key regions Operational efficiency Investing in staff, modernization of offices & IT system Improving cost efficiency Financial health Restoring financial stability Improving risk management Increasing capital to finance active development of retail business 5 In corporate business, RCB should focus on small and medium enterprises, as they will develop and be the growth driver of the market SME segment is developing faster than large clients business, but RCB underperforms in both of them SMEs have big potential for development in Russia Loans to large companies Russia +21% bn RUR RCB +58% 1,0 35.000 30.248 28.406 30.000 0,5 19.089 25.000 20.658 5 8 7 6 2009 2010 2011 2012 0,0 0 Loans to SMEs +75% Russia +130% RCB bn RUR 6.943 1,0 4.705 0,5 3.015 0,0 7.000 6.000 5.000 4.000 6.056 1 2 2 2 2009 2010 2011 2012 0 Entrepreneurship climate in Russia is improving (Doing Business 2014 Rating) 92 111 RCB needs to focus on SME segment offering both short and long term loans on competitive conditions (see example in Appendix 1). By 2018 SME loans should account for 75% of corporate loan portfolio. These clients will form the customer base for further development in retail. RCB should continue to work with large corporate clients on individual basis. Sources: RCB, Central Bank of Russia, Sberbank, SME Bank, Opora Rossiyi 6 In retail portfolio, RCB should focus on perspective mortgage and credit cards market and decrease share of stagnating car loans Light commercial vehicles market stagnates that diminishes growth of car loans 4 USD, bn 50% 50% 11% 2 -69% 0 2008 2009 Credit sales 2010 Cash sales 2011 100% 50% 0% -50% -100% 2012 Credit sale growth RCB possesses unbalanced retail loan portfolio, comparing to peers from Tier I and Tier II, and should rebalance it 120% 100% 5% 3% 2% 80% 44% Mortgage market in Russia is unsaturated that gives high potential to develop 63% 60% Mortgage loans, % GDP 93% 40% 50% 20% 28% 0% RCB Car loans 2% Tier I Personal loans 5% Mortgages Tier II Credit cards Non-mortgage loans, % GDP Credit card market has the highest potential among consumer loans RUR, bn 4000 CAGR = 32% 3000 2000 1000 0 205,8 2008 671,3 367,8 227,6 192,9 2009 2010 2011 2012 Credit cards Other personal loans 837,4 RCB’ s portfolio consists mostly on car loans that makes it vulnerable to shrinking of this market; RCB ignores other possibilities to attract borrowers, such as growing markets of mortgages and credit cards, that may lead to opportunities loss. 2013 Sources: Alfa Bank Annual Report 2012, EY Automotive Survey 2013, Central Bank Reports, Tinkoff Credit System Report 2013 7 RCB needs to look for new financing opportunities to cover the gap between loans and deposits, as deposit market is projected to slow down Loans at RCB portfolio has been growing faster than deposits, resulting in unavailability to cover issued loans RUR, mln 35 2,546 30 Market deposits 3,000 RCB deposits 20 +143% 2,000 1,277 15 13.434 1,500 1,084 0,849 10 11.061 1,000 9.250 0,500 5 0 0,000 2008Y +39% 2,500 1,910 25 Moreover, RCB deposit portfolio growth is far beyond market growth 2009Y Loans 2010Y Deposits 2011Y 5.524 2012Y Deposits/Loans Because of current license revocation of several banks, extremely low trust level to commercial banks will decrease even more 6.999 18 2008 16 2009 19 2010 24 2011 25 2012 RCB deposit rates are lower than average in the market, meaning attracting less customers “Do you trust Russian financial institutions?” RCB Tier II Tier I Interest rate, % 4,0% 5,0% 6,0% 7,0% 8,0% 9,0% 10,0% To attract new deposits RCB should: Adjust deposit rates to those of the competitors; Sell bank warranties on the security of the deposits; Introduce new products: Investment deposits / “income cards” Sources: Central Bank Reports, National Agency of Financial Research survey 8 RCB should partner with asset management company to introduce open-end mutual funds in its product portfolio to create new income channel Growing trend in open-end mutual funds’ net assets value and net inflow shows their future potential % of Tier 2 banks offering investment services NAV 120 Net inflow 95 100 75 80 60 Nevertheless, few Tier 2 banks offer investment products like mutual funds to their clients 113 83 87 Mutual funds 20 None 10 38% 0 47 13% Brokerage 25% -10 40 20 -20 0 -30 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 63% Depositary *Sum may not equal 100%, as some banks offer several services Moreover, among various investment products mutual funds are crucial to retain customers in the long run Acting as a mutual funds agent, RCB can create new profit sources and extend its customer base Effective time period of investing, years Introduction of open-end mutual funds in bank’s product portfolio will lead to the following advantages: •Additional income from asset management company’s commission •Customer attraction and retention •Opportunities for cross-selling: - investment deposits - loans secured by mutual funds shares Current accounts 0-1 Deposits Mutual funds Pension insurance 0,5-2 2 - 10 > 10 Sources: eXceeding eXpectations analysis, investfunds.ru, Absolut bank annual report 9 Geographical expansion should continue to support growth, but market potential for both corporate and retail segments should be taken into account The key regions for RCB in terms of assets and income are Ryazan, Moscow and Vologda 27% 31% However, there are other regions with big potential for both corporate and retail segments Moscow Average income, th. RUR St. Petersburg 49.000 Vologda 29.000 10% 8% Arkhangelsk 14% 13% Tver 27.000 Rostov 26.000 Ryazan 25.000 Krasnodar 24.000 4% 5% 4% 26% 2% 2% 6% Weighted assets 4% 5% 4% 25% 3% 2% 6% Nizhny Novgorod Yaroslavl Operating Income RCB should: •Increase its operations in high potential regions – Moscow and St. Petersburg •Expand to high potential regions – Kazan, Samara, Ufa, Perm •Keep operations in low potential regions significant for RCB - Vologda •Leave low potential regions that do not contribute much to the portfolio – Tver and Yaroslavl Sources: Expert Rating Agency, Rosstat Moscow Moscow region Murmansk 28.000 Samara Arkhangelsk 23.000 Kazan Perm Belgorod Nizhny Novgorod Makhachkala Krasnodar Kaluga Ufa 22.000 21.000 20.000 Petrozavodsk 19.000 18.000 St. Peterburg Syktyvkar Vologda Ryazan 17.000 Yaroslavl Rostov Tver 16.000 15.000 0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 5,5 6,0 15,5 Investment attractiveness (Expert Rating) 10 RCB should reconsider sales channels budgeting, as well as clients perception of dayto-day operations to implement offered strategy successfully Sales channels structure should be reconsidered in order to support new product portfolio… 120% Product Sales share Products …that will lead to new budget structure split by channels Product Sales Channels 100% 80% Corporate products 55% 66,09% Retail products 33,70% 10% 30% 35% 20% 30%5% 25% 5% 10% 25% 15% 25%10% 60% 0,21% 5% Branches 5% 80% 80% Cross-sell 5% Call-center 10% 5% 10% 0% Internet 25% 8% 6% 7% 40% 20% Investment products 40% 50% 8% 18% 29% 8,43% 0% DSA Costs 2012 DSA Internet Costs 2018 Call-center Cross-sell Branches Value gap analysis of bank operations by clients has shown that the most critical area is staff performance, while other areas also require attention points* Internet banking Mobile banking Branches Staff performance 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 User-friendliness Product portfolio available Product portfolio available Design Common Image RCB Waiting time Staff attentiveness Staff expertise Tier II *points for Tier II banks were assigned according to banki.ru survey, while points for RCB were assigned according to information given 11 RCB should invest and create opportunities for operations excellence Because sellers are main drivers of revenue, it is necessary to analyze ratios for sellers in different offices Income/seller Motivation system of sellers should be based both on base salary in accordance to the region and on KPI Employee compensation Opex/seller 60,00 50,00 40,00 30,00 20,00 10,00 0,00 (KPI achieved- KPI planned) * $ Base salary Salary in banks, rosstat 2012 Total system of remuneration should be reconsidered and be balanced in all the branches Branches with high ratios should share their experience IT system as an important part of operations excellence should be analyzed Internet and mobile banking Poor system structure Investment into technology superiority Database Absence of centralized database Investment into advanced database Automated banking system Only manual process Investment into ABS Yaroslavl N.Novgorod Krasnodar Ryazan Rostov Tver Arkhangelsk Vologda St.Petersburg Moscow 45770 28512 15846 33757 21022 28887 31252 18506 34158 31287 0 KPI for sellers and tellers New accounts per seller New accounts per tellers Existing current accounts per operations employee Customers per employee 20000 40000 60000 Customer attrition rate RCB should introduce new IT system and plan its expense according to the benchmark with other banks OPEX IT IT share in OPEX 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 12 To meet capital requirements, RCB should establish proper risk management system From 2014 Central Bank introduces new capital requirements according to Basel III Capital Car loans Risk-weighted assets Common Equity Tier 1 Limit – 5% Tier 1 Capital Limit – 5,5%, from 2015Y – 6% Total Capital Limit –10% Tier 1&2 RCB Tier 1&2 Personal loans RCB Interest rate, % At the same time high risk leads to an increase in NPL and high provisions Provisions, bn RUR In RCB high borrowers’ risk is compensated by high interest rates in comparison with Tier 1 & 2 banks High interest rates lead to higher credit risk capital requirements and raise risk-weighted assets, while high provisions reduce residual earnings being part of capital +71% Capital Risk-weighted assets 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 RCB should install proper risk-management based on scoring system and reduce risk premium to lower interest rates in order to attract high-end customers and create sound loan portfolio 13 Proposed measures will be implemented during the next two years and will increase operating profit by 9 times by 2018 Most actions will be implemented within next 2 years 2013 Actions 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 ABS introduction Centralized database Front- and back office programs Mobile banking applications (IOS, Android) Internet banking for retail and corporate clients Branch rebranding Current situation analysis New design creation and implementation Staff motivation program New motivation system Trainings & learning Risk management system Revision of current credit risk policy New policy based on new requirements Product portfolio optimization New regions expansion 14 Implementation of proposed initiatives will improve key financial indicators significantly and generate 3,74 bn RUR NPV At the same time net interest margin will rise by 26% Financial ratios ROE and ROA will increase by 2018 ROE 7,4% ROA 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Operating profit is gradually increasing as well, while the efficiency ratio is declining Efficiency ratio 9X 81% 2 86% 87% 80% 2,9 72% 67% 100% 55% 50% 1 2013 6,2% 6,4% 7,2% 5,3% 5,9% 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Proposed initiatives will lead to positive NPV generation of 3,74 bn RUR till 2018 Operating profit, bn RUR 3 5,7% 1,4% 1,0% 0,7% 2012 Net interest margin +26,2% 0,3 0 0% 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Assumptions: 1. Initial investments will consist of automated banking system embedding and branch rebranding and will account for 0,078 bn RUR 2. WACC = 12% NPV 3,74 billion RUR till 2018 15 The project was prepared by team Tatiana Rubtsova High Quality Education Diverse Experience Multiple Victories Alina Luchinina Anastasia Ivanova Olga Kotelnikova [email protected] 8 906 279 4249 [email protected] 8 904 633 6445 [email protected] 8 965 059 8749 [email protected] 8 911 818 7829 Graduate School of Management, SPbSU Master in Corporate Finance Exchange semester in EmLyon Business School (France) Exchange semester in Turku University of Applied Sciences (Finland) Graduate School of Management, SPbSU Master in Corporate Finance/ CEMS MIM Graduate School of Management, SPbSU Master in Corporate Finance/ CEMS MIM Graduate School of Management, SPbSU Master in Corporate Finance/ CEMS MIM Exchange semester in Erasmus University, Rotterdam School of Management (Netherlands) Exchange semester in Louvain School of Management (Belgium) Exchange semester in Copenhagen Business School (Denmark) Handle Group – financial analyst Internships: Colgate-Palmolive – Finance Department Oodji Company – Finance Department Rosno Allianz – corporate clients Consulting project for Ahlers Internships: Deloitte – consulting Strategy&Operations, Maersk Line - Finance Department UniCreditBank Consulting project for Sberbank of Russia EVLI Corporate Finance – analyst (M&A) Internships: TransCreditBank– crediting large corporate clients Consulting project for Indesit Internships: Colgate-Palmolive - Finance Department Consulting company “Alt” Consulting project for Indesit Winner: Changellenge Cup SPb 2013 Scientific Conference “State Order” and “Social Advertising” 2nd place: Changellenge Cup Russia 2013 Winner: Changellenge Cup SPb 2013 KPMG International Case Competition 2013 Saint-Petersburg Stage 2nd place: Changellenge Cup Russia 2013 Winner: Changellenge Cup SPb 2013 KPMG International Case Competition 2013 Saint-Petersburg Stage 2nd place: •Changellenge Cup Russia 2013 Winner: Changellenge Cup SPb 2013, Changellenge Cup Technical 2013, KPMG International Case Competition 2013 Saint-Petersburg Stage 2nd place: Changellenge Cup Russia 2013 16 Appendix 1. Key products’ description Retail Product Mortgage Car loan Loan amount 750,000 – 30,000,000 100,000 – 4,000,000 RUR Loan duration 2 years – 25 years Commission SME Consumer loan Credit card Short-term Long-term 50,000 – 1,000,000 RUR (10,000,000 RUR with collateral) 10,000 – 100,000 RUR 150,000 – 15,000,000 RUR 300,000 – 150,000,000 RUR 6 month – 5 years From 3 month to five years Up to 6 month Up to 1 year 1 year – 5 years None None None None None None Application review time Three days Two days One day One hour Two days One week Initial payment 10% 15% n/a n/a n/a n/a Interest rate 10,5%- 14% 11,5%-15% 17%-22,5% 20%-30% From 12,75% From 13,25% 17 Appendix 2. Forecast of the loan portfolio structure 2013-2018 Retail loans Car loans % of Total Personal loans % of Total 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 0 3,71 12,13 18,93 19,24 18,75 17,22 14,41 10,18 4,59 0% 85% 90% 93% 79% 65% 51% 38% 24% 10% 1,71 0,67 1,3 1,49 2,50 3,80 5,41 7,32 9,44 11,47 100% 15% 10% 7% 10% 13% 16% 19% 22% 25% Mortgage - - - - 2,44 5,76 10,06 15,34 21,41 27,52 % of Total - - - - 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% Credit cards - - - - 0,24 0,48 0,78 1,15 1,57 2,29 % of Total - - - - 1% 2% 2% 3% 4% 5% Total retail 1,71 Growth % Total loans 21% 4,38 13,43 20,42 24,38 28,79 33,53 38,35 42,81 45,86 156% 207% 52% 19% 18% 16% 14% 12% 7% 30% 61% 70% 63% 57% 50% 43% 37% 30% Corporate loans 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 SME loans 1,3 1,81 1,61 2,27 3,81 7,13 14,88 26,95 45,75 80,26 % of Total 0,20 0,18 0,19 0,26 0,32 0,40 0,48 0,56 0,65 0,75 Large loans 5,32 8,45 7,03 6,43 8,1 10,6 15,9 20,8 25,1 26,8 % of Total 0,80 0,82 0,81 0,74 0,68 0,60 0,52 0,44 0,35 0,25 Total corporate 6,63 10,26 8,64 8,7 11,92 17,76 30,81 47,74 70,82 107,01 55% -16% 1% 37% 49% 73% 55% 48% 51% 79% 70% 39% 30% 31% 35% 46% 54% 61% 70% 8,34 14,64 22,07 29,12 38,44 50,74 66,98 88,41 116,70 152,87 76% 51% 32% 32% 32% 32% 32% 32% 31% Growth % Total loans Total loans Growth 18 Appendix 3. Forecast of the funding sources 2013-2018 Funding 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Deposits 15,83 18,7 23,94 24,72 33,4 45,1 60,7 81,6 109,5 146,8 % of Total 0,94 0,88 0,87 0,70 0,73 0,77 0,80 0,83 0,87 0,9 1 2,56 3,44 10,67 12,2 13,8 15,3 16,4 16,9 16,3 0,06 0,12 0,13 0,30 0,27 0,23 0,20 0,17 0,13 0,1 16,83 21,26 27,38 35,39 45,7 58,9 76,0 98,0 126,4 163,1 26% 29% 29% 29% 29% 29% 29% 29% 29% Other funding % of Total Total funding Growth 19 Appendix 4. Interest rates conditions for loans and deposits. Forecast for noninterest income from mutual funds Interest rates loans Car loans 13,25% Personal loans 19,75% Mortgage 12,25% Credit cards 25% SME loans 14% Large 8,3% Interest rate deposits 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 7,25% 7,50% 8% 8,25% 8,50% 9% 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 21 21 21 21 21 21 6 8 10 13 16 20 № of people attracted per year 1512 2016 2520 3276 4032 5040 № of people left 302,4 403,2 504 655,2 806,4 1008 Net amount of people 1210 1613 2016 2621 3226 4032 6048000 9676800 14112000 20966400 29030400 40320000 90720 145152 211680 314496 435456 604800 Discount (2%) 120960 193536 282240 419328 580608 806400 Basic Remuneration (3%) 181440 290304 423360 628992 870912 1209600 Total remuneration, bn RUB 0,0004 0,0006 0,0009 0,0014 0,0019 0,0026 Deposits Mutual funds № of branches № of people attracted per month per branch Net asset value Premium (1,5%) 20 Appendix 5. Forecast of interest and non-interest income and expenses 2013-2018 2009 0,323 0,00 Total retail Car loans 0,99 0,18 17% 0,82 34% 1,62 1,054 0,20 12% 0,86 5% 2,85 1,103 0,29 47% 0,82 -5% 4,17 1,20 0,53 85% 0,67 -18% 4,61 2014 4,06 2,49 -3% 0,75 52% 0,71 136% 0,12 97% 1,88 1,00 87% 0,88 31% 5,94 0,52 0,57 0,91 0,80 4% 0,11 125% 1,14 0,22 57% 0,31 0,92 1,29 1,13 41% 0,16 48% 1,94 0,43 95% 0,33 1,51 1,86 1,30 15% 0,56 246% 2,69 1,17 172% 0,68 1,52 3,06 2,42 87% 0,64 14% 1,93 0,35 43% 0,19 1,58 3,95 3,38 40% 0,73 14% 2,37 0,40 35% 0,18 1,97 5,10 4,86 44% 0,81 11% 3,46 0,55 32% 0,20 2,91 6,58 6,73 39% 0,87 7% 4,82 0,70 30% 0,19 4,12 8,48 9,31 38% 0,90 3% 6,60 0,85 28% 0,19 5,75 10,94 12,84 38% 0,87 -3% 9,70 1,10 25% 0,17 8,60 0,095 0,087 0,182 0,117 0,181 0,3 0,019 -0,053 -0,034 0,034 -0,118 -0,08 0,036 -0,086 -0,05 0,039 -0,039 0 0,043 -0,033 0,01 0,046 0,004 0,05 0,051 -0,011 0,04 0,057 0,043 0,1 % growth Personal loans 2010 0,62 0,53 - 0,32 % growth 0,10 -70% 2011 1,792 1,62 207% 0,17 82% 2012 3,063 2,84 75% 0,22 29% 2013 3,40 2,55 -10% 0,49 121% 0,30 Mortgage % growth - % growth - Credit cards 0,06 Total corporate SME loans 0,764 0,15 % growth Large companies 0,61 % growth Total loan income 1,09 Interest expense (bn RUR) Deposits 0,82 0,77 % growth Other funding 0,05 % growth NII before provisioning Provision expense % growth % operating income NII Net fee and commision income Other non-interest income Total non-interest income 0,71 0,14 2015 4,78 2,28 -8% 1,07 42% 1,23 75% 0,20 63% 3,40 2,08 109% 1,31 50% 8,18 2016 5,52 1,91 -16% 1,45 35% 1,88 52% 0,29 47% 5,49 3,77 81% 1,72 31% 11,01 2017 6,23 1,35 -29% 1,86 29% 2,62 40% 0,39 36% 8,47 6,41 70% 2,07 21% 14,70 2018 6,82 0,61 -55% 2,26 21% 3,37 29% 0,57 46% 13,44 11,24 75% 2,21 7% 20,26 21 Appendix 6. Forecast of operating income, operating expense and net income 20132018 Operating income (bn RUR) 0,27 OPEX (bn RUR) 0,71 1,31 1,73 1,87 2,19 2,81 3,62 4,59 6,37 164% 83% 32% 8% 17% 28% 29% 27% 39% 0,848 1,219 1,408 1,61 1,90 2,24 2,61 3,10 3,49 56% 44% 16% 15% 18% 18% 17% 19% 13% 0,525 0,696 0,741 0,82 0,96 1,14 1,36 1,62 1,80 68% 33% 6% 10% 18% 19% 19% 19% 19% 57% 62% 57% 53% 50% 51% 51% 52% 52% 52% 0,018 0,014 0,025 0,049 0,05 0,10 0,12 0,15 0,20 0,25 -22% 79% 96% 2% 2% 3% 3% 5% 5% 6% 6% 7% 0,07 0,09 0,15 0,19 0,28 0,35 4% 4,7% 6,7% 7,3% 9% 10% 0,544 Employee remuneration 0,312 % growth % of OPEX Advertising % growth % of OPEX 3% IT % of OPEX (based on benchmark) Other 0,214 0,309 0,498 0,618 0,68 0,75 0,82 0,90 1,00 1,09 44% 61% 24% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 39% 36% 41% 44% 42% 39% 37% 35% 32% 31% -0,27 -0,13 0,09 0,32 0,25 0,29 0,57 1,02 1,50 2,88 Income tax 0,20 0,20 0,20 0,20 0,20 0,20 0,20 Net income 0,26 0,20 0,24 0,46 0,81 1,20 2,30 % growth % of OPEX Operating profit (bn RUR) 22