norwegian defence and security industries association

Transcription

1/2014
RETURUKE22
Kr 48,INTERPRESS NORGE
N orwegian D efence and
S ecurity I ndustries A ssociation
CONTENTS
Contents:
Editor-in-Chief:
M.Sc. Bjørn Domaas Josefsen
CORRUPTION AND
ANTI-CORRUPTION
In Norway, the Kongsberg Group is under investigation for
corruptionin connection with a contract with Rumania towards
the end of the 1990’s. As of today, a single person has been
charged, but the matter is still under investigation, and the scope
of the matterhas yet to be determined.
Kongsberg, like many other major defence suppliers, has
duringrecent years done a great deal to combat corruption and
unethical behaviours, both internally and in its relations with subcontractors. Kongsberg’s system for ethichs and anti-corruption
has in fact been used as a basis by other businesses, both in
Norwayand internationally, when these are developing their own
systems for the same purpose. It is therefore quite an embarrassment to Kongsberg that the company has now become the subject
of an investigation.
The struggle against corruption and unethical business
practiceshas been stepped up in a big way in most parts of
the world. Laws have become stricter and tighter, police and
prose
cution have become more active, and both purchasers
and providershave made major efforts towards the development of routines and systems to uncover corruption in their own
organisations.
In parallel, active work has been done to achange the attitudes
towards corruption in both public and private enterprises. And
these attitudes have changed markedly over recent years. Actions
or relations that were until recently regarded as ‘par for the
course’ in international business, have in the current climate become unthinkable.
Healthier attitudes and higher consciousness regarding
businessethics means that people will be more aware of how
business is conducted today, while many will take a critical look at
actions taken during years in the not so distant past.
And when organisations and businesses are starting to look
back upon ‘old cases’ with fresh eyes and attitudes, chances are
that suspicious or illegal dealings may be brought to light.
These matters, even while discovered in hindsight, must of
course be taken as seriously as if they were happening today.
It is a paradox, however, that the businesses who over
recentyears have worked with the greatest seriousness on anticorruptionmeasures, and have developed the best attitudes and
the most effective systems to maintain a high level of business
ethics, may also be the ones that uncover the highest number of
previous mistakes.
While businesses and organisation with a less vigilant attitude
and less effective systems to counter corruption and bad ethics,
are more likely to bury their earlier questionable dealings forever.
For businesses like Kongsberg, who bring their suspicions
on earlier misdeeds out into the open, the consequences may be
severe. These companies are penalised judicially, while also taking
severe punishment in terms of market position and reputation.
But still, the uncovering of old mistakes shows that the work on
ethics and anti-corruption yields results. It should be hoped that
this work will bring even greater rewards in the long term.
GRIPEN
2
Gripen for Brazil
6
New Logistic Ship
8
Camp Supply Group
10 NASAMS contract with Oman
FSi
11 NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY
INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION
BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE,
INDUSTRY AND TRADE
17 Kongsbeg to support Polish
minehunter vesselprogramme
19 Nammo – Finland partnership
22 Three candidates for Danish Artillery System
3M
26 Broad spectrum of products
28 Invisible film offers bomb protection
F-35
29 Still troubled but also on the roll
32 Norway out of Archer
Coverphoto: Gripen close-up
The Swedish fighter aircraft Gripen
is heading for an exciting year with
possible sales to both Brazil and
Switzerland.
Photo: Katsuhiko Tokunaga
MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2014
3
GRIPEN
GRIPEN FOR BRAZIL
Gripen has edged out both the French Rafale and the US Super
Hornet, winning the contract to supply Brazil´s Air Force with
36 new multirole fighter aircraft. Now the negotiation process
regarding contract details and a comprehensive industrial cooperation package has started, and signing of final contract is
scheduled before the end of this year.
S
aab edged out French and US rivals to
win a multi-billion-dollar contract to
supply Brazil’s air force with 36 new fighter
jets, Defence Minister Celso Amorim said.
Saab’s Gripen NG was in compe
titionwith the Rafale made by France’s
DassaultCompany and US aviation giant
Boeing’s F/A-18 fighter for the longdeferredFX-2 air force replacement
program. Next to the Indian MMRCA
(Medium Multi-role Combat Aircraft)
competition, the BrazilianFX-2 program
has been regarded as the most important
fighter aircraft procurement competition of
the decade.
Going on for more than 10 years,
the FX-2 program aims to replace the
ageingMirage 2000 fleet of the Brazilian
air force. The importance of the contract
in the international fighter aircraft market
is not only in regards of the 36 unit as of
today. Marked analysts expect this merely
to be a first buy, and some commentators
estimate a likely total number of up to 100
air craft, assuming the Brazilian air force
likes what they are getting.
But besides the numbers of aircraft,
from a business strategy point of view, a
Brazil contract is recognised as a bridgehead
into the entire Latin American fighter market.
When announcing the winner of
the contract, the Brazilian Defence Minister
A key requirement for the
sale was technology transfers so that the planes can
be assembled in Brazil.
This will be of great benefit
to Brazilian industry, and
particularly Embraer –
Brazil´s top aircraft manufacturer – will be closely
involved in the industrial
co-operation with Sweden.
Saab and Embraer have
been working together for
many years. The Saab
ERIEYE airborne radar
mounted on the Embraer
145 aircraft is not only
operated by the Brazilian
air force, but has also been
a success in the export
market. Photo: Saab
4
put the actual value of the contract, earlier
estimated at $5 billion, at $4.5 billion since
Saab offered the cheapest price.
Amorim said the Gripen NG, a
state-of-the-art, multi-role fighter, got the
nod based on performance, assurances of
full technology transfer and overall costs.
The offer presented to the Brazilian
Government by Saab includes the Gripen
NG aircraft, sub-systems for Gripen NG,
an extensive technology transfer package,
a financing package as well as long term bilateralcollaboration between the Brazilian
and Swedish Governments.
Negotiations with Saab is scheduled
to take 10-12 months, with the signing of
the contract expected at the end of next
year and delivery of the first aircraft 48
months later.
The Swedish aircraft, which for
years has been the preferred alternative
by the Brazilian air force, is capable of
performingan extensive range of air-toair, air-to-surface and reconnaissance missions. The air force states that the new
fighter aircraftis needed to maintain an
adequateair defence, as their 12 Mirage
2000 jets now are being retired.
Gripen will meet the Air Force
operationalneeds for the coming 30 years,
an Air Force spokesman stated.
GRIPEN
Gripen for Brazil. The Brazilian government
has announced Gripen NG as the winner of the
contract for delivery of 36 fighters for the Brazilian
Air Force
Photo: Gripen International/ K.Tokunaga
REFERENDUM IN SWITZERLAND
In August 2012, the plan to order 22 Gripen
E was confirmed by both the Swedish
and Swiss authorities. The aircraft are
expected to be delivered from 2018 to 2021
at a fixed price of CHF 3.126 billion
($3.27 billion). While awaiting their new
aircraft, Switzerland will lease 11 Gripen
C/D from 2016 to 2020, to train Swiss pilots
and allow the retirement of the old Swiss
Air Force F-5 fighters.
T he contract has been approved by Swiss
political authorities, but a final decision
will not be made until a national referendum is held on the order on May 18th
this year. So far, a poll on the question in
September last year shows that approximate 60% of the voters are against buying
fighter aircraft at all. But the recent event
of a hijacked Etiopian Airline jet being
forced to land on Geneva airport, may
have changed the public opinion regarding
new fighter aircraft.
D
espite an early warning, the Swiss
Air Force was unable to respond as the
hijacked airliner entered Swiss airspace.
Instead the airliner was intercepted by
Italian Eurofighters and French Mirage
2000s.
A
fter the incident a Swiss air force
spokesman stated that the Swiss air force
has insufficient fighters, insufficient budgets and insufficient staff. The humiliation
did not become less when international
press put out that the hijacking incident
occurred at 0600 in the morning, while the
Swiss air force bases do not open until
0800.
5
GRIPEN
MARKET
While Saab receives good
news from Brazil, the company still awaits a referendum
in Switzerland on May 18th
this year, to seal the procurement of 22 Gripen E aircraft
now under development for
the Swedish Air Force and
possible export customers.
I
f both the Swiss and the Brazilian contract
are finalised, Saab has to work on a
three-way development plan encompassing Swedish, Brazilian and Swiss industry.
But even if this may be challenging
for Saab, it is also regarded as a golden opportunity for Gripen in the export market.
Conclusion of the deals with Switzerland
and Brazil would give the Gripen E program critical mass and enhance the aircraft’s position in further export contests.
Today Gripen are working towards
several countries.
Sea Gripen. There
is also the chance that
a maritime version of
the Gripen could meet
Brazilian Navy requirements to equip an aircraft carrier sometime
in the future.
Saab has already carried out early design
work on a possible Sea
Gripen offering for the
export market.
Ill. Gripen
International
Denmark has a fighter program in
progress, and it is expected that the candidates will be Gripen, Eurofighter, F-35 Joint
Strike Fighter and F-18 Super Hornet.
The Slovak republic and Sweden
have had initial discussions regarding
Gripen, but it is far too early to say what
this will lead to, and if the Slovak republic
will lease or buy aircraft.
Representatives from the Bulgarian ministry of Defence visited Sweden last
year and had a closer look at Gripen.
Among the current Gripen
customers, the Check Republic has for ten
years been leasing 14 Gripen C/D. This
lease period comes to an end in 2015,
but a new leasing contract is ready for the
governmentsto sign.
In 2003 Hungary signed a 10-year
lease contract for 14 Gripen C/D with an
optionto purchase the aircraft at the end of
the lease period. In 2012 that the lease period
was extended until 2026, and according to
the contract, the Gripen fighters will be the
property of the Hungarian Air force when the
lease period comes to an end.
Thailand has bought 12 Gripen
C/D from Sweden, and the last six fighters
were delivered in 2013.
South Africa has bought 26 Gripen
C/D, and the fighters are operational in the
South African Air Force.
NEW LOGISTIC SHIP
Art impression
of the new Norwegian Logistic
Vessel refueling a
Fridtjof Nansen
class frigate.
Ill. Norwegian
Navy
THE LOGISTICS SHIP
PASSES ITS FIRST MILESTONE
Work on the 26,260 ton logistics vessel for the Norwegian Navy
at the Daewoo Shipyards in South Korea turns its first corner in
April 2014, with the completion of the Basic Design phase. The
job was done by the British company BMT of Bath. This is the
first time that the Navy builds a ship in the Far East.
Text: Tor Husby
The largest ever
With an overall length of 181 meters and
rom the spring, the production will a beam of 26 meters, the ship will be the
transition to the phase designated largestin Navy history, at some five times the
Detail Design, which will be done under size of the frigates. It will have an operating
the direction of the Korean shipyard. The range of 10,000 nautical miles at a cruising
detail design phase will have a durationof speed of 16 knots. The maximum speed is
one year, and will determine most aspects 18 knots. When the new era is launched
of the ship. From this summer on, two after 2017, the ship will provide the Navy
representativesof the FLO – the Defence with an operational ability across the seven
Logistics Organisation – will be following seas, by providing supplies of fuel to two
the building process on-site at the yard. frigates at the same time, as well as replaceThe Detail Design phase concludes ment crews. The new frigates will in one
with the hauling of the keel in April stroke achieve a much greater action range,
2015, accordingto the Project Manager, with increased firepower and stamina. The
Commander Christian Irgens.
latter is estimatedto 30 days between calls
The contract amount is some 1.3 to port. The frigates have until now been
billion NOK (170 MEUR), and the agree- required to call in to port for fuelling every
ment calls for offset purchases in the 5-6 days.
amount of 100 percent. At this time, only
The freight capacity of the logistics
a few Norwegian sub-deliveries have been vessel will be 7000 tons of bunkers oil and
agreed to. Among the few is the bridge, 300 tons of helicopter fuel, 40 units of 20
production of which is contracted to L-3 foot containers and 200 tons of ammuniValmarine in Drammen.
tion. For its own protection, the ship will
Wãrtsila in Finland is contracted to be armed with four Sea Protector 12.7 mm
supply the propulsion machinery, which machine guns.
will be a hybrid solution of electrical and
The new Navy giant will be
diesel power.
equipped with two NH90 helicopters and
–The Navy will interfere as little hangars with maintenance functions. On
as possible with Daewoo’s choices of co- board, there will be a hospital with capacity
operatingpartners for sub-deliveries, says for 48 patients. The ship will have two surIrgens.
gical teams. The total crew supplement will
be 43 persons, and the bunk capacity will
be a total of just under 120 men. The Navy
F
8
currently operates two logistics vessels – the
KNM “Valkyrien” and the KNM “Trym” –
which will form the basis for the new vessel.
According to the latest revision,
planning is for sea launch in February
2016, delivery to the Navy in October
2016, for entry into operational service
one year later.
2nd round in 2012
The building of the logistics ship was delayed for about a year, because it became
necessary to hold a second round of competitive bids. The first short list, ready in
December 2011, featured Bergen Group,
the German P & S Werften and Hyundai.
The offers that came in were too expensive,
however, and the result was that the entire bidding contest was cancelled in May
2012. The following July, a new contest
was announced; a step back was made to
include the original eleven pre-qualified
shipyards, requirements were lowered, and
the upper financial framework was set at
1.3 billion NOK.
–We took away the requirement of
a roll-on, roll-off deck, introduced some
‘should have’ features such as the logistics
ship s hould be able to carry more fuel,
should have more space for containers on
deck, and should have space for two helicopters. Briefly told, there were fewer military and more civilian requirements, said
Commander Irgens.
In January 2013, a new evaluation
of the shipyards was held. At the time,
some five or six yards were still in the running. Some had dropped out, others had
gone under, such as the German P&S
Werften. The end result was that Daewoo
pulled the longest straw in the final bidding round.
CAMP SUPPLY GROUP
5-STAR QUALITY CAMPS
The four Norwegian companies of CSI, Norlense, GIAX, and
HRO, joined forces in 2012 under the umbrella organisation
of Camp Supply Group. For many years, all these companies
have been working individually along several lines versus the
Armed Forces in Norway and NATO.
Text and photo: Tor Husby
A
t the start of the co-operation last year,
the four had a combined defencerelated turnover of nearly 400 MNOK
(44 MEUR), and a staff of 277 employees.
When major projects come along, they
will pool their resources to become a total provider of services at a high level of
quality. Military purchasing organisations
are increasingly looking for the “One Stop
Shop”. It is practical and economical for
them to have as few businesses to relate to
as possible, in terms of purchasing, service,
transport, customs, etc.
Stronger together
And on the other side of the table, each
company gets stronger when they are
togetherin a complex delivery than
standingon their own. All four companies have several years’ standing as defence
contractors in Norway, and all have frame
agreements with NATO. The tents supplied
by Norlense and GIAX, for example, have
been developed in close co-operation with
the Armed Forces, who are looking for inEngineering
Manager Kjell Plassen
and Executive Project
Manager Karianne
Andersen. The CSI
office is practically
situated on the Torp
Airfield.
novation and specific products. Networked
co-operation in Norway is also necessary
to meet the competition from the major
players in other countries.
stylishlydressed in a well-appointed office
and pointing to urgent issues to be handled by subordinates is not this manager’s
style when the going gets tough. Instead,
he switches from civvies to fatigues and
enters the arena himself. The company
motto is ‘service anywhere, anytime within
48 hours’. And with offices practically on
the runway at Torp International Airport,
the distance to the planes is manageable
indeed.
Specialised
CSI specialises in containers for kitchens,
sanitary units, washrooms, water and trash
handling and special containers. And lots
A small story will illustrate their
more besides. Partly manufactured in
will to make the extra effort:
Norway, partly made in China, for a broad
Three days before Christmas 2004, Harald range of climates and temperature zones.
Andersen, owner and CEO of Camp Supply Maintenance, on the other hand, is always
International, was queried by the Defence done in Norway. Kitchen containers have
whether the field kitchen that CSI had been supplied to SFOR and KFOR in the
delivered to the Camp Invictia in Kabul Balkans, and to ISAF in Afghanistan.
in Afghanistan, could be ready as early as
Executive
Project
Manager
Christmas Eve. Everyone in the camp just KarianneAndersen i CSI acknowledges
HAD to have the traditional pork ribs that that the market is very much subject to
particular evening. Andersen poked some change at these times.
key assistants, and was airborne in a matter
- But NATO and the Norwegian
of hours. Arriving in the camp, they rolled Defence is still demanding precisely what
up their sleeves and went to work, and as we are selling. Soldiers must eat and rest
the 5PM bell tolled on the magic evening, somewhere, and must have effective sanithe ribs with all attendant trimmings were tary facilities at hand. Whet the group
on the table.
provides, is on an entirely different level
I recount the episode as an illus- of quality than what used to prevail in the
tration that the top dog of the CSI doesn’t market. Our kitchen containers are deshrink back from taking on demanding signed to match the standards of a five star
manual tasks in awkward locations at hotel. A high standard on this point is no
the most uncomfortable of times. Sitting wasteful luxury, but a basic necessity. Food
poisoning is a clear and present danger,
and can knock out entire units for days.
Norwegian ISAF units have fortunately
been spared of accidents like this, after
the standard of food and kitchens was improved tremendously. High comfort is also
offered in sleeping, sanitary and living containers, as well as containers for freezing
and cooling, offices and overnight visitors.
While the purchase price may be higher,
the lifetime costs will be less. The containers have a design life of at least 20 years. As
much as possible of the equipment shall be
able to withstand being moved again and
again, without being damaged, she emphasises.
Inventions
CSI is also proud to have developed containers with solar cell panels mounted on
the roof. The invention cuts energy use
by 80 percent. A further improvement is
vacuum lavatories that reduces water consumption to just a pint per flush, vs. over a
10
CAMP SUPPLY GROUP
gallon before. A 450 gallon water bladder
in the roof provides heated water all of its
own. These inventions are worth pure gold
in desert areas.
The company teaches the Defence
to perform the simpler service tasks on
its own. Any operations requiring skilled
labour is carried out by CSI’s professional
service engineers. Employees are continuously stationed in Afghanistan almost all
the time.
Last year, CSI received a surprise
addition to its customer group when the
Russian Defence placed an order for four
complete camps with partial deliveries for
two more. All the units are in place in the
Russian Artillery’s biggest exercise area between Volgograd (ex-Stalingrad) and Astrakhan near the Caspian Sea. The main
contractor was the German Roeder HTS
Höcker.
- The export order is a typical
exampleto show that customers are looking for total solutions. But we did receive
some unusual requests for the kitchen
container– such as cooking pots that
could prepare 300 litres of tea, or soup, for
example, Karianne Andersen notes with a
smile.
Technically advanced
military tents
While containers for all kinds of use are
the speciality field of CSI, the special field
of collaborator GIAX is tents in advanced
designs and sophisticated materials. The
common trait of the two companies is the
premium quality, which was initiated by
the Defence. Thermal solutions have been
developed, consisting of multi-layered
sheets with air pockets in between. The
tents are sufficiently strong to allow persons to walk across their roofs. Lamps,
lights and cabling are integrated in the
tents. Following the first sale of this type of
tent to the Defence in 2005, 650 units have
been supplied to defence units in Norway,
Denmark, Sweden and Austria, along with
an additional 140 connection tents. These
can be connected to the containers of CSI
with simple attachments.
- When we connect to the kitchen
containers, we have no problem serving
500 soldiers in one seating, says Engineering Manager Kjell Plassen.
The tents can be extended as required – for example in a star configuration, as far as the need indicates. The company populates them with all the desired
inventory. The functions are just as flexible.
GIAX tents can be found all over, from the
Arctic to desert areas. Kjell Plassen notes
that the tents that were sent to Camp Nidaros were meant to stay there for two years.
But they are still standing, having been
nearly sand-blown. The commander of the
Norwegian ISAF force, Col. Svein Harthor
Andersen, gave the GIAX tents official recognition for their high quality.
When a new camp is erected, sanitary tents are the first to go up. They are
followed by the quickly inflatable tents of
Norlense. In just a few minutes, these are
inflated by high-pressure air. As a given,
they can also be connected to the GIAX
tents that are erected in the next building
phase, in a process that takes just a few
hours. Norlense has incidentally received
an order for delivery of a field hospital to
Singapore.
HRO is the fourth wheel on the
wagon, having specialised in road transport, special transport and storage services
for the Defence. From the autumn, more
than 800 containers will be freighted from
Afghanistan back to the Armed Forces
storage units at Eggemoen and Hensmoen;
a shipment valued at several billion NOK.
Like their CSG partners, HRO also maintains a crew in Afghanistan.
11
NASAMS
NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION ( FSI )
NASAMS CONTRACT WITH
OMAN BREAKS ALL RECORDS
Kongsberg: A single contract valued at 3.7 BNOK (435 MEUR)
is not small potatoes, even for a defence industry company
with roots dating back for 200 years. But never before has
the Kongsberg Group landed such a serious fish as was
accomplishedby Kongsberg Defence Systems, when the sale
of NASAMS air defence systems to Oman was a fact in January
2014. Kongsberg Defence Systems is a subcontractor to
Raytheonof the USA, which has the main contract for 1,2 bn
USD (7.32 BNOK).
Text and photo: Tor Husby
O
man buys the world’s best selling air
defence system in order to protect
cities, airports and other vital infrastructure
elements against cruise missiles, fighterbombers and other low-flying threats. The
choice was made following an extensive
international bidding competition. Oman
will receive the NASAMS system over a
periodof four years, followed by two years’
support. The air defence system is the
latestversion of NASAMS II. The system is
subject to continuous development.
–The system undergoes constant
evolution. NASAMS must comprise solutions that can deal with future threats, says
Eirik Lie, Executive Vice President for Integrated Defence Systems.
Kongsberg Defence Systems is
charged with command and control, as
well as missile launchers (where each can
fire six missiles), communications solutions, and training and education, while
Raytheon among other things provides
the radar systems of the Sentinel MPQ-64
type. Raytheon also holds the role of systems integrator. The missiles are standard
AMRAAM version, and are delivered by the
US Government.
ary 2005, has been under a permanent
NASAMSumbrella for 24 hours a day,
speaks volumes of the value and capacity of the Norwegian-developed system.
When President Barack Obama accepted
the Nobel Peace Prize in Oslo in 2009,
the Air Force similarly held a NASAMS
umbrellaover him and his entourage.
By purchasing the advanced air defence system, Oman joins the ever-growing
ranks of nations that have made the same
choice: Norway, Finland, Greece, Nederland,
Poland, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, and the USA.
Effort with a long view
–This is the first time in history that Norwegian defence industry lands a contract
of this size outside Europe. Really, the
deal is something of a quantum leap. The
export contract to Oman is the result of
Norwegian long-term investments from
the early 1990’s, where not just the Kongsberg Group, but also the Air Force and the
Defence Research Establishment FFI col-
Eirik Lie (rear) and Kyrre Lohne. Photo: Tor Husby
laborated on the development of new solutions. The Air Force needed air defence
systems that would accommodate Norwegian topography. Satisfactory solutions to
this were found using NASAMS, and were
soon in hot demand by other countries.
Altogether, the Kongsberg Group has exported NASAMS to a value of more than 13
bn NOK (1.5 bn EUR), says Kyrre Lohne,
Vice President for Strategic Communication with Kongsberg Defence Systems.
One upshot of the Oman contract
is that Kongsberg is outsourcing industry
contracts of considerable magnitude to
small and medium businesses, not just in
Norway, but also in foreign countries. Another effect is that the company will need
to increase its staff by 50 to 100 new employees over the next few years. Today, the
concern staff amounts to approx. 7500
men and women, some 300 of whom are
working on NASAMS. More contracts are
to be expected in the air defence segment
over the years ahead.
Unique Air Image
NASAMS (National Advanced Surface to
Air Missile Systems) provides the defence
with a unique air image in the course of
milliseconds, and has proven its capacity
and mobility through exercises in Norway
and abroad over a period of many years. The
unique features of the air defencesystem
include the network structure, which can
cover a large geographicalarea, and the
flexibility with regard to the numberof
launchers that can be connected. The fact
that Washington, ever since the inauguration of President George W. Bush in Janu-
12
Test firing with NASAMS at Andøya test range. Photo: FMS
N o r w e g i a n D e f e n c e a nd S e c u r i t y
I nd u s t r i e s A ss o c i at i o n ( F S i )
THE LEADING ASSOCIATION IN NORWAY ADVOCATING THE INTERESTS OF ITS SECTOR, AND THE PRIMARY
INTERLOCUTOR FOR THE GOVERNMENT IN MATTERS OF IMPORTANCE TO THE INDUSTRY. AFFILIATED WITH THE
CONFEDERATION OF NORWEGIAN ENTERPRISE (NHO) AND REPRESENTING MORE THAN 100 COMPANIES
Lederen har ordet:
EKSPORTKONTROLL – FORUTSIGBARHET EN
FORUTSETNING FOR KONKURRANSEEVNE
Stortinget har akkurat avsluttet behandlingen av meldingen om eksport av forsvarsmateriell i 2012. Det er betryggende at det hersker bred politisk enighet i Stortinget
om at praktiseringen av eksportkontrollen skal videreføres uten endringer. Det sikrer norsk forsvarsindustri stabile og forutsigbare rammebetingelser som gjør det mulig
å satse langsiktig i det internasjonale forsvarsmarkedet i
trygg forvissning om at så lenge bedriftene innretter seg
etter etablert praksis vil nødvendige lisenser bli innvilget.
For norsk forsvarsindustri er det
helt avgjørende at det ikke skapes
tvil om hvordan norske myndigheter vil praktisere eksportkontrollregimet. I internasjonal sammenheng er norsk forsvarsindustri en
liten aktør som er helt avhengig av
et tett og forpliktende samarbeid
med andre lands industri for å
kunne hevde oss i en stadig mer
krevende konkurranse.
Internasjonal forsvarsindustri
er i endring. Et fremtredende
trekk er at det etableres noen få
store systemleverandører som
er i stand til å utvikle og levere
tunge komplekse våpensystemer
og -plattformer. De aller fleste
av disse hører hjemme i de store
europeiske landene eller i USA.
Et annet fremtredende trekk er at
disse aktørene i mye større omfang enn tidligere benytter underleverandører, også for leveranser
av kritiske delsystemer og komponenter som er helt avgjørende
for at det komplette systemet skal
fungere som forutsatt.
Tidligere var det gjerne slik
at systemleverandørene hadde
all kritisk kompetanse i egen organisasjon. Dersom det allikevel
var behov for å gå til under
leverandører var det ikke uvanlig
at det ble etablert to alternative
leverandører for å ivareta leve
ransesikkerheten. Slik er det ikke
lenger. Fordi utviklingskostnadene
har økt betydelig, volumet av anskaffelsene har blitt redusert, bud-
P.O. Box 5250 Majorstuen,
NO- 0303 Oslo. NORWAY
sjettene er mindre og kompetanse
er et knapphetsgode i forsvars
industrien, er det ikke lengre mulig å gjennomføre store forsvars
materiellprosjekter med et sett av
overlappende underleverandører
av kritiske delsystemer og komponenter.
Utvikling av nytt forsvars
materiell tar gjerne ti år eller mer
og kostnadene er ofte mange milliarder kroner. Derfor blir stadig
flere prosjekter gjennomført som
flernasjonale prosjekter der industrien i de landene som finansierer utviklingen samarbeider.
Som regel er det en leverandør,
hjemmehørende i ett land som er
ansvarlig for å sluttmontere og
levere det ferdige produktet. Det
betyr selvsagt også at eksport av
det ferdige produktet må følge
eksportkontrollregimet i nasjonen
der ferdigstillelsen skjer.
Det sier seg selv at dersom
norsk forsvarsindustri i fremtiden
skal få anledning til å delta i store
flernasjonale forsvarsmateriellprosjekter, så må vi akseptere at
våre leveranser av delsystemer
og komponenter ikke begrenser
Tel: + 47 23 08 80 00
Telefax: + 47 23 08 80 18
muligheten til å eksportere det ferdige produktet. Hvis ikke vil norsk
industri bli utelukket fra å delta i
slike prosjekter. Andre nasjoners
industri vil ikke akseptere å involvere partnere der det hersker tvil
om hvorvidt myndighetene vil sikre
stabile og forutsigbare ramme
betingelser for eksport. Norsk
industri må være en troverdig og
pålitelig partner og leverandør i
flernasjonale samarbeid, som ofte
har tidshorisont på tretti år eller
mer fra utvikling starter til materiellet avhendes. Hvis ikke, vil det
meste av norsk forsvarsindustri
måtte legge ned sin virksomhet
fordi det ikke lenger er økonomisk
grunnlag for bransjen til å opprettholde aktiviteten og investere
i ny teknologi, kunnskap og industriutvikling. Da kan vi heller
ikke opp
rettholde et nasjonalt
kompe
tansemiljø som Forsvaret
trenger, og som skaper attraktive, lønnsomme og utfordrende
arbeidsplasser i høyteknologiske
bedrifter over hele landet.
Heldigvis har et bredt politisk
flertall på Stortinget forstått dette.
E-mail:[email protected]
Internet: www.fsi.no
13
NEW EU DIRECTIVE;
NEW RULES FOR PROCUREMENT
In January, the FSi hosted a seminar on the new procurement regulations
for the Defence sector. The new regulations are a direct result of the new
EU Directive on Defence Procurement, which has now entered into force.
M
r. Are Thengs from the matters and judicial cases will
Ministry of Defence
, be greater. At the same time,
sectionfor joint judicial the directive may have opened
services, opened his address by up for a greated degree of comgiving an overview of the new petition for the contracts, said
regulations and the procedures Thengs in conclusion.
that now apply, and which have
Rolf Axel Berg from the
been adapted to the terms of the Ministry of Defence presented
new Directive.
the new procurement regula–The new EU directive en- tions for the Defence (Nytt Antails that even defence and na- skaffelsesReglement for Forsvational security procurements ret – New ARF), which entered
are now to be subject to open into force on the 1st of January
competitive bidding from sup- 2014. Berg started by emphasispliers in the EU/EEA area. But ing that the new ARF is an inthe Article 123 of the EEA ternal use set of instructions on
Agreement will still provide how the procurement activities
scope for the parties to exercise of the Defence are to be conoptions to manage and protect ducted.
the security interests of their
–What we are seeing so far is
country, Thengs explained. that the new directive demands
However, there is currently a a high level of compliance and
shortage of legal sources that cautiousness by the procurelaborate on the understanding ing authorities, Berg explained,
of Article 123.
adding that as time provides
Thengs also gave a review more experience and fuller legal
of experiences shared from sources on how the new EEA
other countries where the new Directive is to be implemented
EU Directivehas already been in practice, there will probably
appliedfor some time.
be a need for further revisions
–What we see is that of the ARF.
the procurement process is
Mr. Åge Skøelv from the
becomingmore important, and Norwegian Defence Research Esthat the incidence of complaint tablisment (FFI) reported that all
From the left, Åge
Skøelv, Rolf Axel
Berg and Are Thengs.
Photo:
MilitærTeknikk
14
the EU countries are currently at
work with efforts to give favour
to and to stimulate their own
defence industry. Skøelv was
able to illustrate his points using
quite specific figures. Despite
the fact that many of the larger
EU countries have put quite a
significant number of contracts
up for open bidding according
to the stipulations of the directive, the result has still been that
less than a single percent of the
total contract values have ended
up with a supplier from another
EU country. The remainder has
been assigned to the nations’
own defence industries.
At the same time, the directive favours the major nations
in different manners. The EU
directive does not apply to the
development of all-new types
of materiel. And this new materiel will be exempt from the
directive for the entire life span
of the materiel in question. An
example of this may be the
NH 90 helicopters, which in
all likelihood can be regarded
as a new type of materiel, and
will therefore be exempt from
the directive’s regulations on
open competition for procure-
ments in the EEA region. The
favour angle comes in through
the fact that development projects of this magnitude can only
be pushed through by the biggest economies in the European
Union. Smaller nations like
Norway can at the best of times
only hope to play a part as subcontractor.
–If you look at Norway, you
will see that the Norwegian Defence buys only a third of its
material from its own national
industry. From this angle, you
might say that Norway even
today is compliant with the intentions of the directive, Skøelv
remarked pointedly.
In times ahead, it will be important that the defence market
in the entire EU/EEA region as a
whole will live up to the intentions on open competition and
equal opportunity. In that case,
Norwegian defence industry
will win competitive contracts,
and this will compensate for the
disappearance of offset buying.
–But if it turns out that it
will be difficult to abide with
the intentions of the EU directive, to provide a “Level playing
field” in the defence acquisitions market, the consequences
to the Norwegian defence industry will be felt. –And thus
far, there is little to indicate that
the intentions of the EU directive will be complied with in all
the EU countries. But we will
be monitoring the development
closely, Skøelv concluded.
PROGRAMME CONFERENCE
ON INI AND AIR SYSTEMS
The first Program Conference, on INI and Air Systems, was held on
the 13th of January. It attracted a total of 100 participants from 35
companies.
A
Norwegian P-3 Orion reconnaissance plane has
taken part in the pirate chase
in the Bay of Aden and along
the African east coast. Captain
Trond-Are Lillejord from the
333 Squadron took part in these
operations, and was able to report on the Norwegian contribution to the war on piracy.
The Norwegian Orion plane
was stationed on the Seychelles
Islands, and had the ocean areas
south of the Bay of Aden as its
operational field of responsibility. The main task of the Orion
plane was to register ships and
traffic in the area, and take pictures of vessels of interest. The
pictures were then analysed to
determine whether an innocuous-looking fishing boat was really just this, or whether it was a
boat equipped for acts of piracy.
This information was passed on
along with the pictures to allied
navy ships in the area.
–Our Orion planes proved
themselves very well suited to
this assignment. In particular,
our ability to take pictures at
night showed itself as very valuable, Lillejord explained.
The pirate boats are generally open boats, loaded up with
barrels of provisions such as
fuel, water and food. The pirates may stay at sea for periods
of maybe three to four weeks.
When the pirates manage to
hijack a ship, the regular pirate
crewmembers take home some
500 USD. All in all, ransom payments of some 125 million USD
have been paid to pirates along
the east coast of Africa over recent years. Of this amount, only
pocket change goes to the individual pirate crews. Indications
are that the greater share goes to
the Islamic guerrilla group AlShabaab.
Frequent Attacks in
the Cyber Domain
Senior advisor Jon-Arne Nyland from the Ministry of Defence gave a rundown
on the materiel projects currently in the works. Photo: MilitærTeknikk
Major General Odd Egil Pedersen is the new commander of
CYFOR, which stands for Cyber
Defence, and gave a presentation of the tasks and challenges
posed to CYFOR.
–We are today seeing an
ever-increasing incidence of
threats in the cyber domain,
Pedersen explained, while emphasising that even though the
criminal element is a serious
challenge, it is the governmentsupported players that pose the
most menacing threat. –And
the worst scenario is that these
players can manage to sabotage
or disrupt critical processes,
which in its turn can cause
physical destruction.
–Defending oneself against
attacks from these players entails not least to gain a full understanding of the situation in
the cyber domain, which can be
extremely difficult. But it is of
fundamental importance in order to make the correct and not
least timely decisions, Pedersen
underscored.
New Government,
while most things
remain as they were
John Arne Nyland from the
Ministry of Defence made his
approach the change of government, and the attendant signals
that have been discussed in the
various media.
–There has been a lot of
speculation on the possibility of
a re-match on a number of matters, given the fact that we now
have a new Minister of Defence.
In our interpretation of things,
the new political management
for now wishes to review the
basis for the decisions made by
the last government, and only
in extreme cases will any major revisions to these decisions
15
be considered a possibility. And
the major projects, such as the
F-35 procurement, remain unchanged, emphasised Nyland.
Nyland presented various
projects currently in the works
on the air side, and mentioned
among other things that the
F-16 aircraft will be retained
as a first line fighter plane for
many years to come. How many
fuselages that will be upgraded
to the top level has still not been
clarified.
Nyland mentioned that
many of the Norwegian air
warning radars, placed on
mountain tops along our coast,
are rapidly approaching the end
of their useful life span, and
work is in progress to uprate
or replace these. –It is our hope
that deliveries of new systems
can start as early as 2018, explained Nyland.
Nyland also mentioned in
closing a new tactical transport
helicopter, while emphasizing
that the time frame for this will
be well into the future.
16
Captain Trond-Are Lillejord from the 333 Squadron and Major General Odd Egil Pedersen, newly appointed commander
of CYFOR. Photo: MilitærTeknikk
BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE
– B u ll e t i n B o a r d
for
250 military logistic vehicles
for France
D e f e n c e , I nd u s t ry
a nd
Trade –
Ammunition Market 2013 – 2023
Global conflicts, territorial
The largest portion of this
disputesand insurgencies will spending will, despite high fisdrive growth in the military am- cal deficits and the planned
munition market over the next pullout from Afghanistan, be acdecade, despite Western mili- counted for by North America;
tary withdrawal from combat the limitations on US spending
zones in the Middle East
brought about by the decreasing
Global spending on mili- strategic relevance of direct intary ammunition is set to re- fantry conflicts will see the gap
main relatively constant over between the North American
the next ten years, according to and Asia-Pacific ammunition
new market study (ASDReports. markets close however, with Incom) – The Global Military Am- dia, China, Australia and South
munition Market 2013-2023 – Korea all predicted to spend sigwhich forecasts market growth nificantly on ammunition in the
Kongsberg to support Polish
at a annual growth rate of next decade.
2.21%, primarily driven by the
This will take the market’s
minehunter vessel programme
sustained demand of existing value from US$6.1 billion in
Remontowa
Shipbuilding navigation and payload data conflicts, territorial disputes, 2013 to US$7.6 billion by 2023.
has awarded a subcontract to quality to a depth of 1,000m, and insurgencies.
Kongsberg Maritime to pro- 3,000m or 4,500m, depending
vide the Hugin 1000 MR au- on configuration.
tonomous underwater vehicle
“The HUGIN 1000 MR AUV Terma ceases contract
(AUV) in support of the Polish can detect, classify and identify
Navy’s minehunter class vessel mines in a single mission.”For Denmark-based aerospace, de- issueda summons against the
programme.
synchronised and simultaneous fense and security group Terma PolishMinistry of National
Under the contract, Kongs- operation, the underwater sys- has ceased the $30m contract Defence.”Terma defense and
berg will deliver the AUV and tem can accommodate several with Polish Armaments Inspec- security senior vice-president
associated underwater com- different types of high-perfor- torate (IU), the Ministry of Na- Steen Lynenskjold said the legal
munications and positioning mance survey sensors.
tional Defence of Poland.
action has been considered very
equipment for mine counterIn addition to enabling inteThe terminated contract thoroughly and is regarded as a
measures (MCM) applications. gration of alternative sensors for scope included the supply of last resort by the company.
Specifically designed for geophysical, search and inspec- aircraft survivability equipment
Lynenskjold said, “We have
MCM operations, the HUGIN tion purposes as per the require- for the Polish helicopters of the never previously experienced
1000 MR AUV can detect, clas- ments, the Hugin can be used Mi-17 and Mi-24 types.
a customer’s refusal to receive
sify and identify mines in a sin- for MCM, rapid environmental
As a result of contract termi- an Aircraft Survivability Equipgle mission.
assessment (REA)/ battlespace nation, Terma has issued a sum- ment despite the fact that
Kongsberg will also deliver access, and intelligence, surveil- mons against the Polish Minis- Terma’ssolutions are installed
the HiPAP underwater commu- lance and reconnaissance (ISR) try of National Defence.
on 2,000+ aircraft platforms in
nication and positioning system missions.
Terma had been contracted 20 countries around the globe.
to provide ultra short base line
Other applications for the by IU to equip 22 Polish heli“IU has not been willing
(USBL) updates and underwa- Hugin system include offshore copters of the Mi-17 and Mi-24 to accept the commonly used
ter data communication with oil and gas geophysical survey, types with aircraft survivability de-facto standard to such tests
the HUGIN 1000, or other un- inspection of pipelines and equipment in June 2010.
based on the extensive experiderwater vehicles, as part of the underwater engineering strucThe
dispute
between ence Terma has with similar
contract.
tures, environmental monitor- Termaand IU related to con- deliveriesto allied partners.”
Currently in service with ing, hydrography and marine tractual matters, as the firm
Terma has provided airseveral navies including the research.
and IU interpretthe contrac- craft survivability equipment
Royal Norwegian Navy, the
Remontowa serves as the tual requirementon false alarms for 20 different fighter aircrafts,
Finnish Navy and the Italian prime contractor for developing very differently, according to the transportaircrafts and helicopNavy, in addition to commercial and delivering the new minehu- company.
ter platforms in 20 Nato councompanies, the AUS can con- nter class vessels for the Polish
“As a result of con- tries and Nato collaborative
duct high-speed surveys with Navy.
tract termination, Terma has countries.
The Division of General Armaments (DGA) of the French Ministry of Defence placed an order
for 250 logistic military trucks
with the Iveco (CNH industrial Group) and Soframe (Lohr
group) consortium. This batch
forms part of the French «Porteurs Polyvalents Terrestres»
(PPT) Programme. Delivery of
the batch will start in 2016.
The order includes two variants: a logistic vehicle and a
recovery vehicle. Both vehicles
share the same chassis with 4
axle 8 wheel drive (8x8), ensuring on and off road mobility in
all climatic conditions (for example on snow covered mountain roads).
19
Iranian upgrades C-130 Hercules Mobile Medical Shelters
aircraft
Smiths Detection has received a logical threats. They provide a
The Iranian maintenance and
logistics experts have repaired
and overhauled the Islamic
Republic of Iran’s Air Force
(IRIAF) C-130 Hercules tactical
transport aircraft.
Carried out at the Martyr
Major General Abbas Doran 7th
Base, located in the western city
of Shiraz, Iran, the overhauling
operations took 23,000 man/
hours of professional work, Fars
News Agency reports.
The aircraft has joined the
Iranian Air Force fleet following
completion of its maiden flight
test.
Iran currently uses C-130E,
C-130H and 1 RC-130 aircraft
for troop and cargo transport
operations.
The Iranian experts have
also successfully overhauled
two mirage F-1 fighter jets at
Shahid Nasser Habibi air base
in north-eastern Iran, following
45,000 man/hours of work in
August 2013.
Iran also revealed in June
last year that its experts were
also upgrading different aircraft
types, including the strategic
Mig-29 and F-5 fighter jets, according to the news agency.
13 Percent Fuel Savings on
T56 Engine
Rolls-Royce has completed
assemblyand ground testing
of the first enhanced T56 engine for the National Oceanic
Atmospheric
Administration
(NOAA) WP-3D aircraft, demonstrating fuel use reduction
over 13 per cent.
NOAA’s “Hurricane Hunters” will be the first aircraft to
fly the Rolls-Royce T56 engine
enhancement, known as the
Series 3.5. While C-130 flight
tests and engine ground tests
have shown significant improvement over requirements,
the Series 3.5 package requirements call for a 7.9 per cent fuel
reduction.
Rolls-Royce and the US Air
Force (USAF) have also started
planning discussions for the
introduction of the Series 3.5
into its fleet of C-130s. Initial
funding of $15.7 million for the
engine enhancement package
was approved by Congress last
month, launching the technology insertion for the USAF, Air
Force Reserve and Air National
Guard fleets.
In addition to reduced fuel
consumption, the enhancement
package allows T56 engines to
operate at significantly lower
20
turbine temperatures, extending parts life and improving reliability by 22 percent.
The P-3 Series 3.5 flight
test and qualification program,
supported by Lockheed Martin, is planned to be completed
later this year. The first fully
equipped NOAA WP-3D aircraft with Series 3.5 enhancements is expected to enter service beginning in early 2015.
The engine enhancement
package is in the final stages
of completing all requirements
for US Air Force qualification
on the C-130 and recently received FAA certification for the
commercial version of the T56
engine. Deliveries of the new
engine enhancement packages
to the Air Force are expected to
begin in 2016.
The T56 Series 3.5 engine
enhancement can be installed
as part of a conventional engine
overhaul, and does not require
any aircraft or engine control
system modifications. In addition to USAF and NOAA, international operators of C-130 and
P-3 aircraft are also considering
incorporating the T56 engine
enhancement into their fleets.
$42 million follow-on production order from the US Department of the Army for Chemical
Biological Protective Shelters
(CBPS) to equip the National
Guard.
CBPS systems are mobile
medical shelters - designed to
military specifications - highly
resistant to chemical and bio-
chemical/biological agent free
environment in which to administer healthcare without the
need for protective clothing and
act as a safe haven for patients.
CBPS systems are manufactured
at Smiths Detection’s U.S. headquarters in Edgewood, Maryland.
Germany cuts order for
Eurofighter jets
Germany’s defence ministry is
planning to reduce its order for
Eurofighter jets from 180 to 143.
National news agency DPA
quoted “government sources” as
saying that the ministry’s number two, Stephane Beemelmans,
had informed parliament’s defence committee about the decision.
The reduction had already
been decided in late 2011 by the
then defence minister Thomas
de Maziere, the report said.
Out of the total order, more
than 100 jets worth around 14
billion euros ($19.2 billion)
have already been delivered.
The defence ministry and manufacturer Eurofighter Jagdflugzeug GmbH did not comment
on the report.
Beemelmans was fired from
his post as secretary of state
over a series of procurement
problems, including of a scan-
German Eurofighter dal-tainted drone project, by
new Defence Minister Ursula
von der Leyen.
Defence Committee chairman Hans-Peter Bartels meanwhile said Germany should
further cut its Eurofighter fleet,
according to business daily
Handelsblatt.
“We should reduce the Euro
Fighter fleet to 108 machines,
that’s enough,” he said.
The Eurofighter consortium, Europe’s largest defence
programme, is in fierce competition with other fighter-jet
makers such as Lockheed Martin, Boeing and Dassault Aviation.
Industry players and analysts voiced little surprise over
the reduced German order of
Eurofighters, a joint project of
the Airbus Group, BAE Systems
and Italian defence group Finmeccanica.
Photo: Eurofighter
Bergen Group wins maintenance
and service contract
The Norwegian Defence Logistics Organisation (FLO) has
awarded a framework agreement to Bergen Group Services
for maintenance and service
work related to MTU engines in
the Norwegian Armed Forces.
Under
the
four-year
Nkr60m ($11m) framework
agreement, Bergen Group will
provide maintenance and service on the propulsion engines
of a variety of naval vessels and
combat vehicles.
The agreement also includes
maintenance for engines on
the Navy’s Skjold-class coastal
corvettes, minesweeper vessels
and frigates, as well as Combat
Leopard vehicles.
Norwegian Navy Skjold-class corvettes
Photo: Norwegian Navy /
Forsvarets mediesenter
P-8 for Australia
The Australian Government
has approved the acquisition of
eight P-8A Poseidon maritime
surveillance aircraft, worth approximately A$4bn ($3.6bn),
including support facilities, to
boost The Royal Australia Air
Force’ (RAAF) maritime surveillance capabilities.
All the eight aircraft are
scheduled to be fully operational by 2021 while the first aircraft is expected to be delivered
to Australia in 2017.
An option for a further four
aircraft has also been approved
by the government subject to
the results of the defence white
paper review.
RAAF will deploy the aircraft to replace the AP-3C Orion aircraft, which have been in
service for more than 40 years
Indian Navy´s P-8I Poseidon as well as to monitor maritime
approachesand patrol more
than 2.5 million square kilometres of marine jurisdiction.
The P-8A is a potent and
highly versatile aircraft that can
also support missions including search and rescue, antisubmarine and maritime strike
missions using torpedoes and
Harpoon missiles.
The P-8A is a long-range
anti-submarine warfare, antisurface warfare, intelligence,
surveillance and reconnaissance
aircraft designed to ensure maximum interoperability in the future battle space.
Capable of conducting
broad-area maritime and littoral
operations, the aircraft is based
on Boeing’s Next-Generation
737-800 platform.
Photo: Indian Navy
Nammo – Finland partnership
Nammo has signed a partnership agreement with the Finnish Ministry of Defense. The
agreement covers security of
supply and a long term partnership within the area of ammunition and propellants.
This agreement is related to
the recent acquisition by Nammo
Lapua Oy of the propellant plant
in Vihtavuori, which is today
named Nammo Vihtavuori Oy.
Nammo Vihtavuori Oy has
been and continues to be an important supplier of propellants
for Nammo’s civil and military
products.
“Patria owns 50% of the
Nammo Group. Finland has always been one of the most important home markets for Nammo. This partnership agreement
will strengthen our position and
responsibility towards the Finnish Defense Forces even more
than before. We are really looking forward to a long lasting and
fruitful cooperation, says Edgar
Fossheim, President & CEO of
the Nammo Group.”
General Dynamics wins
$13bn military vehicle
deal from Saudi Arabia
General Dynamics Land Systems-Canada (GDLS) has won a
$13bn contract from the Saudi
Arabia Government to build
and deliver military and civilian
light-armoured vehicles, marking Canada’s largest advanced
manufacturing export win.
The
14-year
contract,
which involves the manufacturing and delivery of heavyarmoured fighting vehicles,
ancillary equipment, training
and support services, is valued
at $10bn, but it could reach
$13bn if all available options
are exercised.
The Saudi Arabia Government has been purchasing light,
fast and off-road manoeuvrable
A New Zeeland army’s LAV III. armoured vehicles from different firms since 2009.
GDLS is behind the development of light-armoured vehicle three (LAV III), which is
used by the Canadian army in
Afghanistan, in addition to similar Stryker armoured vehicles
for the US army.
The latest contract for GDLS
would boost the US weapons
maker, who has been hit with
drop in revenues amid declining US army spending on weaponry.
Recently, the defence firm
has been hit by Canada’s cancellation of a $2bn deal for the
procurement of 108 heavy armoured personnel carriers.
Photo: New Zeeland Army
21
New Zealand selects Penguin
KONGSBERG has signed a contract with the New Zealand Defence Force for the delivery of
Penguin Mk 2 Mod 7 anti-ship
missiles and associated equipment.
The missiles will be deployed
on the Royal New Zealand Navy
new Kaman SH-2G Super Seasprite maritime helicopters.
This contract strongly confirms the Penguin missile’s position as the leading missile
within its segment. The contract
is for a limited number of missiles, however it is considered
an important upgrade of New
Zealand’s navy,” says Pål Bratlie,
EVP Kongsberg Defence Systems.
RUAG and Patria team up for
F/A-18 support
An Industry Teaming Agreement has been signed between
Finland’s Patria Aviation and
Switzerland’s RUAG Aviation.
The two companies are collaborating to deliver life cycle support for the F/A-18 fleets of the
Finnish and Swiss air forces, as
well as those of other prospective customers.
The Finnish Ministry of Defence and the Swiss Department
of Defence, Civil Protection and
Sports have agreed to study the
impacts of the worldwide F/A18 sundown programmes that
will progressively affect the
Finnish and Swiss fleets. The
Industry Teaming Agreement
supports the Finn-Swiss F/A-18
joint Life Cycle planning, which
aims to improve cost efficiency
in future sustainment as well as
information exchange between
the two countries and their respective industries.
Chinook and Apache contracts
this year?
Kaman SH-2G Super Seasprite.
Photo: US Navy
Saab contract to Ruag
Saab awards Ruag in Emmen
LU a contract worth 68 million
francs for the development and
production of pylons for Gripen
E. 15.5 million francs of this
contract are effective immediately.
Ruag has agreed to fulfil a
fifth of the contract in collaboration with small and medium
size subcontractors from the
French and Italian speaking regions of Switzerland.
The pylons are important
and significant structural parts
of Gripen E and act as mounts
for weapons, reconnaissance
pods and external fuel tanks.
They have been ordered to
feature in the 22 Gripen E for
Switzerland and 60 Gripen E
for Sweden.
Saab reserves the right to
award the actual large-scale
production for all Gripen E for
Sweden and Switzerland to an
other party than Ruag, depend-
22
ing on the result of the Gripen E
referendum.
The sale of Gripen E to
Switzerland – conditional on
the outcome of the referendum
in May – is contingent on Saab
delivering an industrial cooperation programme with Swiss
industry, valued at 2.2 billion
francs. By the end of 2013 Saab
had already arranged for business in Switzerland, valued at
over 300 million francs with
125 companies and has ten
years time to fulfil its remaining obligation. armasuisse, the
Swiss defence procurement
agency has so far analysed and
accepted 250 million francs as
offset transactions and is investigating the remaining.
The suppliers of Gripen E
weapons have an additional
offset obligation of 300 million
francs, making the total industrial programme for Switzerland
worth 2.5 billion francs.
Boeing is anticipating contract
awards for 15 CH-47F Chinook
heavy-lift helicopters and 22 AH64E Apache combat helicopters
from India by later this year.
Currently in last signature
routing with the Ministry of
Defence for both the planned
procurements, India submitted
final offers for acquiring Apache
and Chinook in 2009 and 2010
respectively and the company
has also held the prices for both
helicopters since then.
Boeing Vertical Lift vicepresident and general manager
Leanne Caret said: “We expect
that the contract award for the
Chinook will come in the first
half of the year, and the award
for the Apache in the second
half of the year.”
“We expect that the contract award for the Chinook
AH-64E Apache combat helicopter will come in the first half of the
year.””We really have taken on
an affordability measure being
able to give that back to the customer.”
Boeing is also working on
further developments for the
AH-64 programme, which
claims to incorporate more
technologies.
India has recently allocated about $36.3bn in defence
spending for 2014-2015, up
10%, with $14.93bn being allotted for weapon and equipment purchases during the next
fiscal year.
Of the overall fund diverted
for defence, about $1.16bn is
anticipated to be used for procuring Boeing AH-64-D Apache
helicopters, and about $833m
will be spent for Chinook
heavy-lift helicopters.
Photo: MilitærTeknikk
New vessel for the Arctic
The Danish Navy is building a new ship for operations
in the Northern Atlantic region. The ship is to be built
at Karstensens Skibsværft A/S,
and will carry a price tag of
half a billion DKK, or 65 million EUR.
The vessel will be 72 meters long, with a beam of 14.6
meters, and a draught of some
5 meters. The ship will have a
crew complement of 18 to 20
persons.
The ship will be equipped
with a variety of sensors for
monitoring the air space, in
addition to sonar systems for
sea floor measurements. Furthermore, the ship will get an
advanced firing control systems for its 76 mm cannon.
Formation flight of five A400M Photo: Airbus
Germany’s first A400M aircraft
Saab and Kalyani Group team up
for Indian Army air defence projects
Saab has entered into a strategic
alliance with India’s high-technology multinational Kalyani
Group to address critical Indian
Army air defence projects.
The agreement will initially
focus on the army’s very short
range air defence (VSHORAD)
and short-range surface-to-air
missiles (SRSAM) programmes.
Saab president and CEO
Hakan Bushke said that the
company has made a long-term
commitment to India and is
keen to support the country’s
efforts to create an indigenous
defence industry.
Saab is offering a system
based on its Robotsystem (RBS)
70 new generation (NG) missile system for the VSHORAD
project. An upgraded version
of RBS 70 man-portable air-defence system (MANPADS), RBS
70 NG, is designed to deliver a
highly accurate, man-portable
system with 24/7 all-target ca-
Ashok Leyland´s Super Stallion 8x8 pability that is immune to countermeasures.
For the SRSAM requirement, the company is offering
a unique combination of its
BAMSE advanced ground-based
air defence missile system and
Giraffe agile multi-beam (AMB)
3D surveillance radar, command and control system.
Saab, Ashok Leyland join
forces for Indian Army’s SRSAM
programme
Saab has also partnered with
India-based transport specialist
Ashok Leyland to compete for
the Indian Army’s short range
surface to air missile (SRSAM)
air defence programme.
The solution offered for the
SRSAM requirement combines
the Saab BAMSE missile system with Ashok Leyland’s Super
Stallion 8x8, a high-mobility
vehicle capable of operating in
all types of terrain under all
weather conditions.
Photo: Ashok Leyland
Airbus Defence and Space has
started final assembly of the
German Air Force’s (Luftwaffe)
first A400M Atlas next-generation military transport aircraft.
The assembly of the aircraft, designated MSN18, commenced with the arrival of all
major structures, including
fuselage at the company’s final
assembly line (FAL) in Seville,
Spain.
Around 60 A400M nextgeneration airlifters were initially ordered by Germany in
November 2010, but the number was later reduced to 53,
including seven options, due to
budgetary constraints.
In addition to this, Germany expressed plans to sell 13 of
the aircraft it has committed to
purchase from Airbus to foreign
customers in a bid to further reduce the programme costs.
Apart from Germany, the
A400M aircraft has also been
ordered by the air forces of Belgium, France, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Spain, Turkey and the UK.
Delivery of the first aircraft
to the German Air Force is
scheduled to take place in November 2014.
Big order from Norway placed
with DOCKSTAVARVET
DOCKSTAVARVET has entered
into a contract with the Norwegian Defence Logistics Organisation, FLO, for the supply of two
Search, Rescue and Service Vessels with options for one further
vessel as well as future supplies
of spare parts and maintenance.
The total order value including
options can go as high as 100
MSEK (just under 10 MEUR).
The term of delivery for the basic order is a total of 19 months.
The boats will carry the
yard’s designation of IC 20 M,
will have a length of 20 meters,
and are built entirely from aluminium. They will be equipped
with waterjet propulsion systems from MJP, and two MTU
main engines of some 1200 kW
each, and with extensive electrics and electronics installa-
tions. The FLO has posed high
demands to performance, load
capacity and seaworthiness.
“We have in the past supplied
20 units of Stridsbåt 90 N to
the Norwegian Navy, and built
a vast number of very fast patrol
boats of the IC 16 M type for
export to other countries, and
we believe that it is our documented experience and reliable
delivery performance which has
swayed the decision in our favour”, says the shipyard’s Chairman of the Board, K-A Sundin.
The yard has also recently
signed a contract for a newbuilding for The Swedish
Maritime Administration – Sjöfartsverket – and in total, the
shipyard has a very satisfactory
order reserve through the summer of 2015.
23
Berget AS 9100 certified for
Aerospace production
On the 6th of January 2014,
Berget was certified and approved according to AS9100C .
–We have completed this
certification based on our faith
in the aerospace market over
the next years to come, says
General Manager for Berget AS,
Mr. Arnstein Frøymyr.
Berget AS is a manufacturer
of fine mechanics components.
The company is located in
Notodden, Telemark, approximately 110 km south-west of
Oslo. The company has 48
employees, and is a contractor
for high quality/high precision
mechanics. The customer list
includes names like Kongsberg
Defence and Aerospace as well
as GKN.
–We realise that the major
share of the Norwegian defence
budget will go to the F-35 procurement, which is the reason
why we feel it is prudent to
secure a position in the aerospace market. The certification
also gives us good opportunities within the civilian air traffic market, says Frøymyr, adding that there is an increasing
tendency for customers even
outside the aerospace market
to look for certifications of this
kind.
The Ministry of Defence has
contributed some support to
the certification process. As per
today, less than 10 businesses in
Norway hold this certification.
24
Saab has signed a contract comprising missile components
amounting to approx SEK 437
million. Deliveries will take
place during 2015-2017.
Saab is a significant supplier
of high-performing and costeffective missile systems and
components for air, land and
naval operations. The strong
product portfolio includes air
defence system RBS 70, and the
latest generation RBS 70 NG,
NLAW anti-tank system and
RBS15 anti-ship missile system.
Furthermore, Saab also participates in a number of multinational cooperation missile development programmes.
The industry’s nature is such
that depending on circumstances concerning the product and
customer, information regarding the customer will not be announced.
IMP engages Josi Tech to find
offset partners
General Manager Arnstein
Frøymyr of Berget AS. The business has now been certified with a
view to targeting customers in the
aerospace market.
Photo: MilitærTeknikk
Three candidates
for Danish Artillery System
There are now three candidates
remaining in the running for the
role of upcoming supplier of artillery systems for the Danish
Defence.
In the beginning there were
four, which have now been
pared down to three. In the
competitive contest for becoming the next supplier of artillery
systems, one of the potential
suppliers has been excluded
from the contest, for reasons of
failing to meet with the minimum requirements of the Defence.
The non-conforming candidate is the artillery system from
the American BAE Systems
Land & Armaments, which cannot fulfil the minimum require-
Order for missile components
ments defined for the invitation
to tender.
This ITT called for the four
pre-qualified candidates to submit an introductory offer by the
end of November 2013. These
submissions have led to a negotiating process with the remaining candidates, which are Nexter with the CAESAR system,
Elbit Systems with the Atmos
system, and Samsung with K9
Thunder.
A contract signing is expected towards the end of 2014.
The contract will cover
a number of 9 to 21 artillery
systems, to become the replacement for the howitzers of
the M109 type, dating back to
1965.
Canadian company IMP Aerospace & Defence Ltd has completed a major contract upgrading Norwegian P-3 Orion
surveillance aircraft.
This has raised a offset purchase obligation on the part of
the Canadian business vis-à-vis
Norway in the region of 300-350
million NOK (approximately 40
mill EUR). IMP has now engaged Norwegian Josi Tech to
coordinate the company’s offset
activities towards Norway and
Norwegian industry.
Josi Tech is a Norwegian
company based in Oslo, representing a number of foreign
businesses in Norway.
–Our job is to come up with
possible Norwegian industry
partners, and to be a kind of
“match maker” between IMP
and the Norwegian companies,
says Siri Andresen at Josi Tech.
–Hopefully we can find some
interesting areas of industrial
co-operation, to the long term
benefit of both Norwegian and
Canadian industry.
CANSEC 2014
–One of our main tasks this
spring will be to coordinate
Norwegian Industry participation at CANSEC 2014, Siri Andresen continues.
CANSEC is Canada’s foremost defence trade show, and
will take place in Ottawa on the
28th to 29th of May this year.
The trade show is organized
by the Canadian Association of
Defence and Security Industries
(CADSI), a defence business association representing more than
1000 member companies.
–We hope that we can gather
a group of Norwegian defence
companies to participate at
CANSEC, as a part of the IMP
offset activities here in Norway,
Andresen says in conclusion.
Norwegian P-3 Orion surveillance aircraft. The recent upgrading of the
Norwegian P-3 Orion fleet has raised an offset purchase obligation of approximately 300-350 million NOK. Photo: Peder Torp Mathisen/FMS
JSM development contract
KONGSBERG has today signed
a bridging-phase contract leading to phase 3 with Norwegian
Defence Logistics Organization
(NDLO) for further development of the JSM (Joint Strike
Missile). The contract is valued
at NOK 480 million.
The JSM development phase
2 has been finalized and to ensure competence and progress
between JSM phase 2 and phase
3, the Norwegian Armed Forces
have signed a bridging phase
contract prior to parliamentary
proceedings and approval of the
entire JSM development phase 3.
In phase 2 of the project the
missile underwent detailed design and a successful integration
check for the F-35 as well as for
the F-16 and the F-18. In phase
three the missile will be completed and ready for serial production, and there will also be produced several units that will be
tested from fighter jets in several
practical exercises. The JSM is the
only long-range sea and landtarget missile that can be carried
internally in the F-35 and thus
ensuring the aircrafts low-signature (stealth) capabilities. After a
successful phase 3 KONGSBERG
will be ready to receive orders
and start serial production.
Danish MLRS vehicles
sold to Finland
The Defence Materiel Service
(Forsvarets Materieltjeneste) has
sold the Danish Multiple Launch
Rocket Systems (MLRS) vehicles
to the Finnish Defence.
Forsvarets Materieltjeneste
has entered into an agreement
with the Finnish Defence, for the
sale of Denmark’s fleet of Multiple
Launch Rocket Systems (MLRS).
The agreement covers the sale of
twelve rocket launchers, which is
the entire complement of MLRS
systems in the Danish Defence.
At the present time, Defence
spokespeople say the agreement
for the HLRS sale has a value of
a two-digit number of millions of
DKK.
Test firing with a U.S. MLRS
system. The Danish Defence
procuredits total of 12 MLRS
systemsin 1998, along with some
300 rockets. The decision to phase
out the systemswas made in 2005.
Denmarkhas never utilised the
systems in connection with international operations. Photo: US Army
Afghan National Army receives
additional Mi-17V-5 helicopters
Afghan Mi-17V-5 multi-mission helicopters in flight The Afghan National Army
(ANA) has taken delivery of the
second batch of Mil Mi-17V-5
military-transport helicopters
from Russia.
The six helicopters were
delivered by Kazan Helicopter
Plant under a contract signed
between state-arm-exporter Rosoboronexport and the US government in 2013, for supply of
a total of 30 helicopters to ANA
this year.
Around 39 Mi-17V-5 helicopters have been delivered to
date, under a $367.5m contract
signed between the US Army
Forces Command and Rosoboronexport in May 2011, and an
additional agreement concluded with the US under an option
to the main contract.
A total of 63 Mi-17V-5s
Photo: U.S. Air Force
worth $1.333bn are scheduled to be handed over to Afghan National Army within the
framework of joint efforts to
combat international terrorism.
Capable of transporting up
to 36 passengers or 4t of cargo,
the helicopter features a loading ramp instead of clam-shell
doors, an additional door and a
new dolphin nose.
The helicopters are primarily intended to enhance the Afghan national security forces’
capabilities for conducting urban warfare and special units
operations against Taliban insurgents.
Remaining helicopters under the contract are scheduled
to be delivered through the year
in batches comprising six helicopters each.
25
Corruption charges levied
against Kongsberg
Russia plans for new military
command in Arctic
The Norwegian National Authority for Investigation and
Prosecution
of
Economic
and Environmental Crime
(ØKOKRIM) has taken out
charges against KONGSBERG
with allegations of corruption
The charge is related to allegations of corruption (cf.
Norwegian penal code §276a,
cf. §276b, cf. §48a) related to
deliveries of communication
equipment to Rumania from
1999 to 2008. The deliveries to
Rumania have consisted of several partial contracts with a total
contract value of some 1.4 billion NOK, or 160 million EUR.
The main parts of the deliveries
have been communications gear
for border control and the police.
KONGSBERG was informed
about the charges today, and the
Chairman of the Board has been
informed.
KONGSBERG will cooperate closely with Økokrim and
other relevant authorities to
clarify all the facts in relation to
the charges.
Russia is planning to create a
new strategic military command
in the Arctic by the end of 2014,
to defend its interests in the region.
An undisclosed source in
Russia’s General Staff was quoted by RIA Novosti as saying
that, “The new command will
comprise the Northern Fleet,
Arctic warfare brigades, air force
and air defence units as well as
additional administrative structures.”
The Northern Fleet-Unified
Strategic Command will take
the responsibility of protecting Russia’s Arctic shipping
and fishing, oil and gas fields
on the Arctic shelf, along with
country’s national borders in the
north.
In December 2013, Russia
President Vladimir Putin ordered the military to increase its
presence in the Arctic and complete the military infrastructure
development in the region in
2014.
“The military has started the deployment of aero-
space defense units in the
Arctic.”According to the Aerospace Defense Forces commander Alexander Golovko, the
military has started the deployment of aerospace defense units
in the Arctic and also construction of warning missile radar in
extreme north of Russia.
The Defense Ministry is also
planning to re-open airfields
and ports on the New Siberian
Islands and Franz Josef Land archipelago.
In addition to this, the ministry intends to re-open around
seven airstrips on the Arctic
Circle’s continental part, which
were mothballed in 1993.
Arctic territories, which
hold vast untapped oil and gas
reserves, are the centre of disputes between the US, Russia,
Canada, Norway and Denmark.
The countries believe that
the rising temperatures in the
region will lead to a reduction
in sea ice, which is expected to
provide easy access to energy
reserves.
The systems, along with
other equipment, are expected
to be used to protect Brazil’s
strategic infrastructure, and the
major sporting events the country will host in future, including
the 2014 FIFA World Cup, and
the 2016 Summer Olympics in
Rio de Janeiro.
Originally designed and
manufactured by Saab Bo-
fors Dynamics, the RBS 70 is a
man-portable air-defense system (MANPADS) designed for
anti-aircraft warfare and for
protection of mobile units in all
climate zones, with little to no
support from other forces.
The basic RBS 70 comprises
a tripod firing stand, optical
sight and the missile in a launch
container, which can be operated independently in stand-alone
mode or can be configured with
several firing units linked with
a surveillance radar to form an
anti-aircraft battery.
Saab has also developed an
upgraded version of the system,
called RBS 70 NG, which is designed to deliver a highly accurate, man-portable system with
24/7 all-target capability that is
immune to countermeasures.
Initial deliveries under the
contract are scheduled to take
place this year.
CEO Walter Qvam explained that the company
launched an internal investigation into the matter in the
spring of 2012, based on rumours circulating in the company. The company used PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) as
independent external reviewers
of the matter. In conjunction
with PwC, the matter was provisionally closed in the autumn of
2013, as no sufficient grounds
were found to proceed further
with the matter.
The matter has now found
its way to ØKOKRIM, which in
its turn has filed charges against
an as yet unnamed person from
the Kongsberg Group. CEO
Qvam says, however, that the
person in question is not a part
of the corporate executive management group.
To
secure
evidence,
ØKOKRIM has performed significant seizures of documents
and other material from the
company.
Brazilian army orders Robot 70
Saab has been awarded a contract to supply the Robotsystem
(RBS) 70 very short range air
defence system (VSHORAD) to
the Brazilian Army.
Valued
at
SEK80m
($12.3m), the contract covers
delivery of an undisclosed number of RBS 70 man-portable
Test firing with RBS 70 26
launchers, Mk II type missiles
and associated equipment.
Specific equipment to be
supplied includes simulators,
night vision equipment, a test
set, maintenance tools, spares
and associated equipment, as
well as training for the weapon’s
operators and maintainers.
Photo: Saab
CARL-GUSTAF;
Standard Issue
for US Army
Carl-Gustaf has been chosen
by the U.S. Department of the
Army to be a Program of Record within the U.S. Army. This
means that the shoulder fired
weapon system, with a long service record with the U.S. Special
Operations Forces, will now become standard issue to the U.S.
Army’s Light Infantry units.
The Carl-Gustaf system will
provide the U.S. Army with a
capability that units using disposable shoulder fired munitions currently lack. This system has been a key component
of the U.S. Special Operations
Forces for over twenty years.
“The fact that the U.S. Army
has now elected to designate
Carl-Gustaf (M3 MAAWS in the
U.S.) as a Program of Record,
thereby enabling it to be broadly
fielded to its light Infantry units
speaks for itself. The Carl-Gustaf
has repeatedly proven itself in
U.S. Special Operations Forces firing Carl-Gustaf in Iraq
the world’s most demanding environments as a versatile, powerful tool for the infantry soldier”,
says Jonas Hjelm, President of
Saab North America.
As true multi-role, manportable shoulder-fired weapon, the Carl-Gustaf weapon system is currently in use in more
than 40 countries worldwide.
The highly modern system has
a long and successful history,
Photo: US Armed Forces / Christopher Perez
and it has been continuously
modernized to adapt to the users’ ever changing needs.
Anticipating future operational needs, Saab is constantly
working to make a great system even better. A new, lighter
weight, version of the Carl-Gustaf is currently under development.
Furthermore, advances are
also being made to the Carl-Gus-
taf ammunition family with the
recent release of the new 655 CS
(Confined Space) High explosive
anti-tank (HEAT) round. This is
the first in a new generation of
munitions for the Carl-Gustaf
designed to reduce back blast.
This will allow soldiers to safely
employ the weapon in confined
spaces, minimizing the hazardous effects of traditional shoulder fired munitions.
27
3M
3M: A CORPORATION WITH A
BROAD SPECTRUM OF PRODUCTS
Say 3M, and most people’s
thoughts will spring to the
yellow Post-it® note pads
adorning office desk and
kitchen tables everywhere.
But 3M is the source of
a massivearray of highly
diverseproducts; the company is also a major supplier
to the defence industry, to
Norway as well as worldwide.
T
he 3M Company, formerly known
as the Minnesota Mining and Manu
facturingCompany, is an American multinational conglomerate corporation based
in St. Paul, Minnesota. 3M headquarters
are in the St. Paul suburb of Maplewood,
Minnesota.
With $30 billion in sales, 3M
employs 88,000 people worldwide and
produces more than 55,000 products,
including: adhesives, abrasives, laminates,
passive fire protection, dental products,
electronic materials, medical products, carcareproducts (sun films, polish, wax, car
shampoo, treatment for the exterior, interior and the under chassis rust protection),
electronic circuits, and optical films. 3M
has operations in more than 65 countries
28
Military vehicles covered in plastic film: The plastic film reduces wear on the painted surfaces, and
many countries use this type of film on vehicles, planes and helicopters in Afghanistan, where airborne sand
and dust cause extraordinary wear on all exposed surfaces.
including 29 international companies with
manufacturing operations and 35 companies with laboratories. 3M products are
available for purchase through distributors
and retailers in more than 196 countries,
and online directly from the company.
Major Defence Supplier
In the defence sphere, 3M provides prod-
ucts within the areas of health and medical services, protective and safety gear and
equipment, as well as a variety of protective
foils. Furthermore, the company provides
a range of grinding and cutting products
that are found in huge numbers in military
workshops all over the world.
For many years, 3M has been a
provider of various protective gear prod-
3M
also provides safety goggles for civilian as
well as military use.
Films for promotion and
protection
3M is also a major supplier of medical equipment, among other things of various types of bandages and
field dressings. In addition to deliveries to the individual countries’ medical units, the company also provides
deliveries to the NATO supply system.
ucts like face masks, goggles etc. 3M has
acquired a controlling interest in the Swedish hearing protection manufacturer Peltor.
Peltor has since its start-up in 1950 been
a close collaborating partner to the Swedish Defence, and over the years, headsets
from Peltor has been sold to defence organisations in a number of countries, Norway among them. Hardly a single soldier
at a military shooting range in Norway or
Swedenhas avoided close contact with 3M
Peltor hearing defenders.
Today, however, these units offer
far more than simply passive protection
against noise. 3M provides a range of headset solutions that could include built-in
communication systems.
Under the protective heading, 3M
Most people will have observed promotional markings and images on cars and
aircraft, for example the famous Scandinavians depicted on the tail fin of the planes
of the airline Norwegian Air Shuttle. These
are attached to the vehicle or aircraft as a
film from 3M.
But a similar technology is used by
many countries’ defence to protect their
vehicles against abnormal wear and tear. A
case in point is Afghanistan, where materiel
has been subject to extreme wear due to
flying sand and dust in the air, and where
many countries have been using plastic
foils on their vehicles to protect the painted
surfaces underneath. But not just vehicles
have been protected in this manner. Aircraft
and helicopters have also been equipped
with a protective film to reduce wear. In
some cases, even rotor blades on helicopters have been covered with 3M films to
protect them from extraordinary wear in
the sandy environment of Afghanistan.
For defence vehicles, the use of
these types of film offers a number of other
opportunities. When changing the camouflage colours and patterns on the vehicles,
for instance from summer to winter camouflage, or in connection with foreign missions or UN missions, this can be accomplished by applying plastic films with the
desired appearance on the surfaces of the
vehicle. Returning the vehicle to its original colour then becomes merely a matter
of peeling off the tape.
29
3M
INVISIBLE FILM OFFERS
BOMB PROTECTION
Explosion test of window film. The nearest
window is covered with
3M film. The glass is held
back and people (“white
dummy heads”) inside
are protected from glass
slivers. The window to the
right is a regular window
without the 3M film, and
the exsplosion makes glass
slivers fly like projectiles. Photo: 3M
The attaching of a simple, invisible plastic film to the inside of
exposed widows will help prevent shards of glass from flying
through the room when a bomb goes off in the street outside.
The foil or film is envisioned as used in public or government
as well as private buildings to offer added protection in the
face of terror attacks.
A
lmost every day, the news brings us
gruesome images and horror stories
from bomb actions around the globe. As
often as not, these are bombs placed in
streets or built-up areas, to ensure the
highest possible amount of damage and
injury to people in the streets and the surrounding buildings.
The images from these kinds of
actionsoften depict buildings where every
window has been impacted. Much of the
damage from these bombs is inflicted upon
the people inside the buildings, where
glass slivers from broken windows fly like
projectiles through the rooms inside. It has
actually been determined that up to 90
percent of the injuries to personnel inside
a building outside of which a bomb is set
off, can be ascribed to damages from flying
glass. And one thing is the bigger slivers
that cut up whatever they hit. These larger
splinters can be removed and extracted
through surgery. But even worse is the
damage from the microscopic glass splinters that enter a body, penetrate the blood
vessels and are carried around in these.
They are extremely difficult to locate and
30
remove surgically, while continuing to inflict damage and pain for a long time after
penetration into the body.
There is, however, a simple and inexpensive solution that reduces the risk of
glass-related injuries in an explosion to a
minimum. The attaching of a special, invisible plastic film to the inside of exposed
widows will help hold broken shards of
glass back from flying through the room in
the event of a bomb going off outside the
building. The window will still be broken
per se, but the amount of splintering in
the room on the inside will be reduced to
virtuallyzero. This will reduce the amount
of injuries to the personnel inside.
Typical application areas for the film
will be all kinds of buildings regarded as a
possible target for terrorist attacks, such as
public and government buildings, embassies and office complexes in exposed areas,
housing complexes and the like. One particular advantage of the film is that it can
easily be attached to the inside glass areas
with no outside indication of its presence.
Attaching the film will also not change the
architectural impression or appearanceof
After the explosion. The glass is broken, but
held back by the 3M film. Special attention should
also be made to glass surfaces inside the building
as ie. Office walls. Usuall the type of glass used for
this purpose is less resistant to breakage and as the
pressure waves from a detonnation hit a building it
can have a more devestating result than that of the
glass on the front og the building.
Photo: 3M
the building. The film also allows just a
minimum of resistance to light ingression,
so that the people inside the building will
not have to suffer a reduction in light or
visibility outside.
F-35
F-35: STILL TROUBLED
BUT ALSO ON THE ROLL
MilitærTeknikk visited Lockheed Martin’s facility in Fort
Worth, Texas, where the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter is rolling
of the assembly line. It is in production but it still has some
major unsolved issues.
By Andreas Krog
journalists do not collide with cars with
aircraft parts.
uring World War Two this enormous
At three-story high assembly stabuilding was housing an assembly line tions Lockheed Martin’s engineers work
for B-29 bomber aircraft. Today the 1725 steadily on assembling aircraft for the U.S.
meters long building in the western part of Air Force , Navy and Marine Corps as well
Fort Worth in Texas is home to Lockheed as to countries such as Australia and Italy.
Martin’s F-35 Joint Strike Fighter assembly The assembly line has seven stations at the
line, which MilitærTeknikk visited in moment. But a major expansion is underNovemberlast year.
way and when the project reaches the full
In a small golf cart with factory production rate in 2018, the plan is to have
chief Kevin McCormick as a driver and 12 mating stations.
avidly telling us about the assembly line,
The engineers barely see us rolling
we roll down the long roads in the by in the golf cart. We are just another delefactory. Stop signs ensure that golf carts with gation of politicians, journalists or business
D
Every Wednesday the aircraft are moved to the next station on the assembly line in the 1700 meter long factory. people getting the big sales tour around the
factory. Eight countries, including Denmark
and Norway, have been partners in the
huge project since 1997. Norway selected
the F-35 in 2008. But not all partner countries have decided to procure the plane, and
Lockheed Martin is also working hard on
selling the plane in other countries. Tours
for foreign visitors is therefore an almost
daily event at the factory.
Four years of negotiations
Kevin McCormick stops the golf cart at a
carefully selected assembly station. Here
we can see one of the components that
the Danish weapons manufacturer Terma
produces to be fitted on the aircraft. This
is tangible proof that the plane is creating Danish jobs. But as long as Denmark
haven’t decided that the F-35 shall become
the country’s future combat aircraft, Terma
Photo: Lockheed Martin
31
F-35
will only be producing parts for the low
rate initial production phases. Denmark
needs to buy the plane for the Danish
industry to be sub-suppliers when the
aircraft goes into full production in 2019.
It took Norway more than four
years to negotiate the final contract for
Norway’s 56 F-35 aircrafts. The big
hurdle was securing the Norwegian defense
industry a feasible amount of work on the
F-35 project.
Train tracks in the ceiling are used to
move the aircraft to new assembly stations.
Every Wednesday night is moving time
until the aircraft finally reaches the end
of the assembly hall. The aircraft is then
checked with laser beams in a special
room to make sure everything is installed
correctly.
Up to five days of painting
Designed in from the beginning
After an engine test in front of the assembly
hall, the aircraft is rolled into the nearby
painting hangar. It actually consists of eight
smaller hangars inside the hangar; four on
each side. In the first three on the left side
technicians make the plane ready for painting. Cockpit windows, antennas and sensors are being masked before the plane is
rolled into one of the two fully automatic
paint facilities at the end. Three robots
work on giving the aircraft the necessary
primer and paint. This is a job that takes
up to five days for a single airplane. An extraction system on the back wall keeps flies
and other impurities away.
When the robots have done their
work, people take over again and add
squadron markings and tail decorations.
After the factory tour, director Dave Scott
from Lockheed Martin gives us a thorough
run through of the F-35 project and the
difference between that and legacy combat
aircrafts.
“Advanced stealth capabilities must
be designed into the aircraft from the beginning. You can’t suddenly change the
edges on an F-16 to be aligned so that
the plane can deflect radar detection just
as good as the F-35 can,” says Dave Scott,
director for F-35 International Customer
Engagement at Lockheed Martin.
The F-35 is not 100 percent invisible, but it is a lot less visible than legacy
aircrafts like the F-16 and the F-18. Internal weapon bays, embedded antennas,
nozzles designed especially with focus on
reducing the radar signature and a special
“air superiority grey” color scheme are just
some of the features aimed at making the
F-35 as stealthy as possible.
Tough work still ahead
The F-35’s software consists of over 8.6
million lines of code. In comparison the
F-22 had 2,2 million lines of code and the
F-16 had a little over one million lines of
code.
Pentagon’s director for operational
test and evaluation, Michael Gilmore, and
the American Government’s Accountability
Office, often warns that a lot of software
code still needs to be written and that most
of the tough work is still ahead.
Dave Scott admits that they still
have some coding to do. But not as
much and not as critical as the outside
evaluators say.
“We are flying with 88 percent
of the software and have coded over 96
percent so far. The software development
will be completed in the beginning of
2017,” assures Dave Scott.
Total different price
The outside evaluators estimate the
average unit procurement cost for the F-35
to be well over 100 million US Dollars for
the low rate initial production aircrafts
being produced at the moment. Dave
Scott doesn’t question this estimate, but
he promises that the price will be a totally
different one when the aircraft goes into
full production in 2019.
“I can guarantee that the flyaway
cost including engine in 2018 will be
75 million 2012-US Dollars, equal to 85
million Dollars in 2018,” says Dave Scott.
32
F-35
HELMET BACK ON TRACK
The development of the F-35’s advanced helmet is now on
track after some major glitches. A parallel development of a
traditional helmet has been stopped.
By Andreas Krog
T
he helmet is one of the F -35 aircraft’s
major innovations. The images from
the six cameras on the outside of the aircraft are merged into one image and allows
the pilot to see 360 degrees around the aircraft as well as down through the floor and
behind the plane.
“More than 100 pilots have flown
with the helmet and they have all been very
pleased with it. It really is “freaky” to see all
around, underneath and behind the plane,”
says Lockheed Martin test pilot Billie Flynn to
MilitærTeknikk when we visit him in a hangar
next to the assembly line in Fort Worth.
Billie Flynn is standing in front
of a F-35 test aircraft with his helmet in
his hand. The Canadian former F-18 and
Eurofighter pilot is very kind and open to
the group of journalists. But he will not let
anyone touch his helmet. It is too valuable
for that. No matter how many F-35 planes
our countries intend to procure.
Excessive heat
Later we have the possibility to get a small
taste of the helmet’s features when we visit a special F-35 simulator. Seated in the
simulator we try a simplified version of the
helmet and sense how we can look through
the floor and around the landscape, as we
fly the F-35 simulator.
The helmet is being developed by
the sub-contractors Rockwell Collins and
Elbit Systems. It has previously posed
problems, following a delay of the image if
the pilot moved his head too fast, and there
has been some vibration and excessive heat
from the helmet’s advanced electronics.
In 2011 Pentagon identified the
helmet design as one of the F-35 program’s
major problem areas. Lockheed Martin
therefore gave primary subcontractor BAE
Systems the task of developing a traditional helmet parallel to the development of
the new helmet. The results from the new
third generation helmet have convinced
the F-35 Joint Program Office that Rockwell Collins and Elbit Systems are on the
right track. Therefore the funding for the
development of the traditional helmet was
stopped in the autumn of last year. Roughly $60 million has been spent for BAE to
develop its helmet.
Confidence in the helmet’s
performance
The third generation helmet will be introduced as part of the low-rate initial
production lot 7 in 2016. It will come
with “improved night vision camera, new
liquid-crystal displays (LCD), automated
alignment and software improvements,”
according to the Joint Program Office.
“The government’s decision to proceed exclusively with the principal helmet
is indicative of their confidence in the helmet’s performance and the successful resolution of previously identified technical
challenges,” said Lorraine Martin, Lockheed’s vice president and general manager
of the F-35 program, in a company statement last year.
33
ARCHER
NORWAY
OUT OF
ARCHER
The Norwegian Government,
on the recommendation of the
Norwegian Armed Forces, has
decided to terminate the part
of the Archer co-operation
which concerns the cannons
in particular. The Archer cooperation between Norway
and Sweden was started in
2007.
–T
he Norwegian Government has
concluded that the artillery system
Archer will not be able to fulfil the requirements of the Norwegian Defence within the
time frame that is at our disposal, and this
is the reason why we are withdrawing from
the contract, says Minister of Defence, Ms
Ine Marie Eriksen Søreide.
Søreide further underscores that
the Norwegian Defence sees a need to
renew its artillery, following the Army’s
change of operational concept towards
becomingmore mobile and working faster.
There has been, and there still remains, a
goal of procuring materiel through multinational co-operation.
–There are two main reasons
why the Norwegian Defence chose to
recommendto the Government a withdrawal from the Archerproject, says Lt. Col.
Bent-Ivan Myhre, as the spokesman for the
NorwegianDefence Commander-in-Chief.
–Firstly, we cannot foresee that
Archerwill be able to fulfil the Norwegian
Army’s requirements of its new artillery.
ISSN 0806–6159
Publisher/Utgiver:
Norsk Militærteknisk Forlag
Prinsens gate 22, N-0157 OSLO
Administration/Administrasjon:
Castra AS
Org.nr. NO 971 161 531 MVA
34
Archer trails in Norway. The main components of the system include a fully automated 155 mm/L52 gun
howitzer mounted on a modified 6×6 chassis of the Volvo A30D, all-terrain articulated hauler. According
to independent analysts, one of the Norwegian army´s requirements that the gun did not fulfil was sufficient
on-target precision when fired on automatic. But this has not been confirmed. Photo: FMS
Secondly, shipments of Archer systems
have been considerably delayed.
Myhre declines to go into specifics
regarding which technical requirements
cannot be met by Archer. This is out of
consideration to the supplier.
The Norwegian side also empha
sises that it is the part of the agreement
that concerns the cannons specifically that
has now been terminated. Norway will
continueits co-operation with Sweden regarding systems such as the artillery localisation radar (ARTHUR), the firing control
system (ODIN) and ammunition.
With regard to the Norwegian
artilleryof the future, Myhre continues to
say that a thorough evaluation of different
alternativesneeds to be made. For the time
being, the current artillery systems can be
kept in operation until about 2020.
In response, the Swedish FMV
(Swedish Defence Materiel Administration)
claims that Archer offers equal or better
performance vs. competitors at a lower
price, and has found the balance it needs
between protection and weight. Sweden’s
FMV also announces it will pursuethe
acquisitionon its own.
The FMV goes on to say that the
co-operation with Norway has not been in
vain. Sweden and Norway have shared the
actual development costs for the artillery
system, which has saved the Swedish state
several hundred millions of kroner. On the
other hand, there will be fewer systems
among which to spread the operational
costs in the future.
The first Archer systems have already
been supplied to the Swedish Defence, and
the FMV is in a position to formally complete
the procurement on its own.
It has been pointed out from
severalsources that Sweden might demand
compensation for breach of contract on
the part of Norway, but whether this will
happenhas yet to be determined.
From the Norwegian side, it is held
that the Norwegian defence will now initiate a dialogue with its Swedish partners
regarding the onward process.
Editor-in-Chief/Ansvarlig redaktør:
Marketing Director/Markedsansvarlig:
M.Sc./Siv.ing. Bjørn Domaas Josefsen Knut Berg
E-mail: [email protected]
Editorial Office/Redaksjon:
Prinsens gate 22, N-0157 OSLO
Tlf.
(+47) 22 41 60 77
Fax. (+47) 22 41 60 11
Denmark; Andreas Krog,
Advertising Office/Annonser:
Prinsens gate 22,
N-0157 OSLO
Tlf.
(+47) 22 41 60 41
Fax.
(+47) 22 41 60 11
Subscriptions/
Abonnementservice:
Tlf.
(+47) 22 41 60 77
Fax.
(+47) 22 41 60 11
Design/layout:
Molvik Grafisk AS
Printed by/Trykkeri:
PRINFO UNIQUE Larvik
Returadresse:
MilitærTeknikk,
Prinsens gate 22,
N-0157 OSLO
Norway

norwegian defence and security industries association

Transcription

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