Laguna de Bay Watershed Rehabilitation Project-1
Transcription
Laguna de Bay Watershed Rehabilitation Project-1
UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 Laguna de Bay Watershed Rehabilitation Project-1 LAGUNA LAKE DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) Once amendments or new simplified methodologies have been approved this document needs to be updated CONTENTS A. General description of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity B. Application of a baseline and monitoring methodology C. Estimation the net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks D. Environmental impacts of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity E. Socio-economic impacts of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity F. Stakeholders’ comments Annexes Annex 1: Contact information on participants in the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity Annex 2: Information regarding public funding This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 SECTION A. General description of the small-scale A/R CDM project activity A.1. Title of the small-scale A/R CDM project activity: Title: Laguna de Bay Community Watershed Rehabilitation Project -1 Version: No. 4 Date of the document: 27 July 2007 A.2. Description of the small-scale A/R CDM project activity: The Laguna de Bay Community Watershed Rehabilitation project falls in the LULUCF smallscale project category of the CDM, having less than 8 ktCO2-e per year of GHG benefits and focusing on poor watershed communities in the Philippines. The objective of the project is to implement a set of small-scale community-based watershed rehabilitation projects in the Laguna de Bay watershed, which is inhabited by more than 10 million people and is heavily degraded with only five percent of the watershed covered by forest. Erosion in the watershed is contributing to a rapid rate of sedimentation in Laguna Lake, one of the largest freshwater lakes in Southeast Asia, and land degradation has contributed to several severe landslides over the last five years. This PDD describes the reforestation project in the Caliraya-Lumot subwatershed, which is located in the Laguna de Bay Watershed. The project involves reforestation activities in the upland areas in order to increase forest cover, and reduce erosion. Project sites are primarily grasslands and shrublands. Laguna de Bay watershed is a priority watershed for environmental sustainability goals because it contains 13 percent of the population of the Philippines and has been subject to increasing environmental pressures such as deforestation over the past several decades. Specifically, the watershed was originally covered by dense equatorial forest. Between the mid 1940s and mid 1980s, forest cover decreased from about 53 percent to 8 percent, and is now estimated to be less than 5 percent1. The initial deforestation in the watershed happened as a result of logging in the 1970s. Since that time the threats to the area which have kept most of the watershed non-forest have been from the growing peri-urban area of Manila and the demand for natural resources both for subsistence by poor families and for sale to the growing population in the watershed. Currently, the watershed contains many grasslands, brush lands and abandoned agricultural areas that have less than 10 percent tree cover. Many of these areas are expected to remain as non-forest area as they have for decades due to a combination of social pressures (i.e., charcoal making, grazing, timber collection for fuelwood, poles and other uses; and slash and burn agriculture) and environmental conditions (existence of pervasive grass and other species). Through watershed rehabilitation activities, the Laguna de Bay Community Watershed Rehabilitation Project will promote the sustainable use of natural resources in the watershed and will facilitate long-term improvement in local livelihoods. In addition to providing additional income for the local communities, the interventions through project activities will contribute to the following watershed benefits that will contribute to sustainable development: reduced sedimentation in rivers and lakes; reduced flooding and landslides; increased groundwater recharge and reduced topsoil erosion. The project will further contribute to sustainable development in the watershed by building the capacity of 1 Laguna Lake Environment Monitor, A Report to the Stakeholder of the Laguna de Bay Region. 2005, LLDA. This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 private groups, local governments, River Councils and communities to implement reforestation activities and providing a replicable example of a reforestation project under the CDM. A.3. Project participants: The following participants are involved in the Project: Name of Party involved (*) ((host) indicates a host party) Private and/or public entity(ies) project participants (as applicable) Republic of the Philippines (host) Laguna Lake Development Authority National Power Corporation CBK Power Company IBRD as Trustee of Biocarbon Fund Government of Canada Kindly indicate if the Party involved wishes to be considered as project participant (Yes/No) No No No Yes (*) In accordance with the CDM A/R modalities and procedures, at the time of making the CDM-SSC-AR-PDD public at the stage of validation, a Party involved may or may not have provided its approval. At the time of requesting registration, the approval by the Party(ies) involved is required. (See Annex 1 for the list of project participants and their contact information.) Laguna Lake Development Authority: The Laguna Lake Development Authority is a governmentowned and controlled corporation mandated to promote and accelerate the development and balanced growth of the Laguna de Bay Region with due regard for environmental management. The project is located in the Laguna de Bay Region. National Power Corporation: The National Power Corporation (NPC) is a government owned stock corporation mandated to construct power plants and transmission lines in the country. NPC has jurisdiction, authority and control over watershed reservation areas supporting power generating plants and properties including the Caliraya-Lumot watershed where the project is located. CBK Power Company: CBK Power Company owns three power plants (Caliraya, Botocan and Kalayaan) that sell their power output to the National Power Corporation. The Caliraya-Lumot Watershed where the project is located is the watershed for the Caliraya power plant. BioCarbon Fund: The BioCarbon Fund is a public/private initiative that was established in May 2004 as a trust fund administered by the World Bank. The fund is piloting projects in developing countries, as well as in countries with economies in transition, that sequester and conserve carbon in forest and agroecosystems. Tranche One of the BioCarbon Fund was closed to further participation on August 31, 2005 with total contributions amounting to US$53.8 million. Tranche two opened in September 2005. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) is the trustee for the Biocarbon Fund. This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 A.4. Technical description of the small-scale A/R CDM project activity: A.4.1. Location of the small-scale A/R CDM project activity: Reforestation activities under the project will be located in the Laguna de Bay watershed which is south and east of Manila on the island of Luzon. The Laguna de Bay is one of the largest lakes in Southeast Asia and one of the most vital inland bodies of water in the Philippines. The total surface area of this lake is around 900 km2. It is surrounded by 24 sub-watersheds which have an aggregate area of 2,920 km2 encompassing the whole Provinces of Laguna and Rizal, portions of Metropolitan Manila and the Provinces of Cavite, Batangas and Quezon. These sub-watersheds are traversed by more than 100 streams that drain their waters towards the Laguna Lake. The specific area of the project is in the Caliraya-Lumot Watershed (CLW) is located about 105 km southeast of Metro Manila and is approximately situated between 121029’59.15” to 121036’58.75” longitude and 14o22’4.16” to 14o12’58.54” latitude. It covers 10 barangays of three municipalities of Laguna, namely: Barangays Caliraya and Lewin in Lumban, Barangays Bukal, Cansuso, Inao-awan, East Talaongan, West Talaongan, Lumot and Paowin in Cavinti; and Barangay San Antonio in Kalayaan. CLW reservation has an area of 10,700 hectares. The details of the sites are shown below: Caliraya-Lumot Watershed Reservation Site 1 Area (hectares) 40 Specific Location Sitio Pulo’t-Bae, Brgy San Antonio, Municipality of Kalayaan, Laguna Site 1 Photos Site 2 100 Total 140 Sitio Magalolon, Brgy San Antonio, Municipality of Kalayaan, Laguna Site 2 Photos This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 A.4.1.1. Host Party(ies): The Republic of the Philippines A.4.1.2. Region/State/Province etc.: Southern Tagalog Region or Region IV/ Province of Laguna , Philippines A.4.1.3. City/Town/Community etc: Site number 1 2 Project area Caliraya-Lumot reforestation Caliraya-Lumot reforestation Province Municipality Barangay Laguna Kalayaan San Antonio Laguna Kalayaan San Antonio A.4.1.4. Detail of geographical location and project boundary, including information allowing the unique identification(s) of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity(ies): The detailed geographical locations are indicated in Figure 1 & 2 below and the specific project boundaries are shown in the Table 1: Figure 1. The location of the Laguna de Bay Region and Caliraya-Lumot Watershed This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 Figure 2: Location of project sites in Caliraya-Lumot Watershed * Forest Non-Forest NPC jurisdiction boundary * Used the 1987 and 2003 SPOT Images This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 Table 1. Detailed Project Boundaries Site Watershed Area (ha) 1 Caliraya-Lumot 40 2 Caliraya-Lumot 100 Coordinates Longitude (E, degree) 344951.49 345155.69 345392.93 345796.60 345807.22 345768.27 345459.03 345067.16 344939.69 343011.492 344016.910 344180.952 344329.119 344535.495 344683.662 344583.120 344350.286 343429.534 Land cover description Latitude (N, degree) 1585172.30 1585191.19 1584930.34 1584912.63 1584742.67 1584559.72 1584511.32 1584527.85 1584835.91 1583236.090 1584146.258 1584236.217 1584289.134 1584162.133 1583992.800 1583844.633 1583601.216 1582839.214 Grasslanda Grassland a Grasslands are generally distinguished from ”forest” as ecosystems having a tree canopy cover of less than a certain threshold, which varies from region to region. (In the Philippines the threshold is 10% tree canopy cover to be considered as forest.) Shrublands with high portion of perennial woody biomass may be considered as a type of grassland. (Reference: 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Chapter 6,p.6.5. A.4.1.5. A description of items on present environmental conditions of the area, which include information on climate, soils, main watershed, ecosystems, and the possible presence of rare or endangered species and their habitats: The Laguna de Bay watershed is characterized by heavy rains from June to October and a dry season lasting from November to April. Average annual rainfall is 4000 mm per year and temperature ranges from 10oC to 37oC with an average of 25oC. The watershed does not experience severe droughts or frost but commonly is subject to flooding during the rainy months. While the biodiversity of the Laguna de Bay watershed has been severely reduced due to continued deforestation and land use changes, it is still considered to have important biodiversity value as there are some endangered species in its range2. Nonetheless, the project sites which consist of degraded grasslands and shrublands are not considered important to the conservation of these species. 2 LLDA. Laguna de Bay Environment Monitor 2005. A Report to the Stakeholder of the Laguna de Bay Region. This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 Environmental Conditions of the Project Area3: 1. Topography and Drainage The Caliraya-Lumot Watershed (CLW) has a relatively flat to moderately sloping to rolling terrain and majority of the area (8,943.80 hectares or 55%) has an elevation of between 300 and 400 masl. Specifically, the general slope of the project sites is moderately sloping to slightly steep (18-30%). The area has a good drainage system suitable for the establishment of the Pilot Reforestation Project. There are two rivers situated within the project area. These are the Bae and San Antonio rivers. 2. Geology and Soils Based on the Land-use Development Plan for CLW, the area has two soil series, namely the Luisiana Series and undifferentiated mountain soils. The undifferentiated mountain soils cover about 12,377.34 ha or 76% of the whole area. The soil in the area is acidic with a pH value ranging from 4.1 to 5.3. It also has low levels of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K). On the other hand, the organic matter content is acceptable and the Bulk Density of the soil has good porosity. The 1998 data on soil erosion indicates that majority of the area has a slight to moderate erosion. 3. Hydrology A total of 22 streams with a total length of 79 km are found within the watershed reservation. Five tributary rivers and streams directly empty into the Caliraya Lake. The largest of these is the Cayabatoc River in the northeastern region. Cayabatoc River is fed by the Bay River from the northeast and by the Nalba River in the northwest. Based on the hydrologic records of the reservoir, the average inflow from its 12 tributary rivers and streams is around 40 cm. 4. Climate The Caliraya-Lumot watershed is classified under Type II climatic condition which is characterized by short or indistinct dry season and pronounced maximum rainfall from October to December. Average annual rainfall is approximately 4000 mm while annual potential evapotranspiration (PET) is estimated at 1554.2 mm and temperature ranges from 10oC to 37.1oC with an average of 24.6oC. The average humidity is recorded at 89% with a mean annual vapor pressure of 2.72 kPa and an average wind speed of 2.0m/s-1 for the whole year. 3NAPOCOR and ENFOR. 1998.Caliraya-Lumot Watershed: Land Use Development Plan. Volume 2 This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 5. Ecosystems Based on most recent data, the land uses in CLW in 1998 were classified into secondary forest, coconut groves, open grassland, brushland, built-up areas with patches of agriculture and coconut groves, agriculture, old growth forest, and real property development. The secondary forests were mostly found in the northeastern part of the watershed and a small patch was located in Holon in Barangay Paowin. There are 200 known tree species in the area, seven of which belong to the family Dipterocarpaceae. The non-dipterocarpaceae species commonly found in the area include Dillinea philippinensis, Litsea peroteti, Sandoricum koetjape, Canarium asperum, Macaranga bicoor, etc. 6. Land Use and Land Cover The Caliraya-Lumot watershed area is dominated by non-forest areas including a mix of seasonal slash and burn shrubland and grasslands. The more inaccessible areas contain secondary and degraded forest. Coconuts intercropped with other perennials, mainly fruit trees like Sandoricum koetjape, Artocarpus heterophyllus and Mangifera indica are also found. Areas where land use is considered as agriculture include mainly annuals. Rice, cassava and sweet potato are the major crops raised. Around the Caliraya and Lumot lakeshore there are built up areas with some patches of coconut groves and agricultural crops. These areas are mainly residential in nature with few small commercial establishments. The areas devoted to real property development are those with big recreational resort developments. They are concentrated around the Caliraya Lake. The project sites are found in the slash and burn shrubland and grassland areas in the watershed. The pictures below were taken during field visits in April 2007 showing the evidences of land use practices in the watershed. (see Box No. 1 for the summary of field interview). Slash and Burn Activity Charcoal Production Poles gathering This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 A.4.2. Species and varieties selected: Multi-cropping activities will be done in the 40 ha site while in the 100 ha site a mixed plantation type of forest will be established. Project Location Site 1 Site 2 Total Area (hectares) 40 100 140 Silvicultural Treatment Multi-cropping Mixed- Plantation Selection of tree species for reforestation activities under the project is based on the following criteria: • Tree growth rate (fast growing or slow growing species) • Habitat of the species (endemic and introduced species for several decades with no invasive characteristics) • Botanical description (growth characteristic, genotype, etc) • Environmental preferences and tolerance limits (adaptability to local environmental conditions, e.g. drought resistant) • Stakeholder opinion (determined during community interview) Fast growing and endemic tree species, which are adapted to the local environmental conditions, constitute the species that will be grown in the project sites. The selected tree species are listed in the table below. Estimation of the amount of the carbon sequestered due to the project activity will be based on these species. Site Area Species number (hectares) 40 1 Forest trees: Bitaog (Calophyllum inophyllum); Narra (Pterocarpus indicus); Marang (Litsea perrotteti), Batino (Alstonia macrophylla), Acacia Auriculiformes and Malapapaya (Polyscias nodosa) Fruit bearing trees: Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) and Santol (Sandoricum koetjape) Buffer strip species: Kakawate (Gliricidia sepium) Kamachile (Pithecellobium dulce), Kawayan Tinik (Bambusa blumeana), Kawayang Kiling (Bambusa vulgaris), Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) 100 2 Forest trees: Bitaog (Calophyllum inophyllum); Narra (Pterocarpus indicus); Marang (Litsea perrotteti), Batino (Alstonia macrophylla), Acacia Auriculiformes and Malapapaya (Polyscias nodosa) Buffer strip species: Kakawate (Gliricidia sepium), Kamachile (Pithecellobium dulce), Kawayan Tinik (Bambusa blumeana), Kawayang Kiling (Bambusa vulgaris), Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 A.4.3. Specification of the greenhouse gases (GHG) whose emissions will be part of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: Negligible greenhouse gas emissions are expected (e.g., N2O) from fertilizer use during the first few years. As per the “Revised Simplified Baseline and Monitoring Methodologies for Selected SmallScale Afforestation and Reforestation Project Activities under the Clean Development Mechanism” (ARAMS0001/Version 03), these emissions will not be accounted for. The project will contribute primarily to the removal of CO2 from the atmosphere from which CERs will be generated. There could also be reduction in the emission of other GHGs such as N2O and CH4 because of reduced burning of the project area. Only the removal of CO2 by sink will be considered in estimating emission reductions due to proposed project activity. A.4.4 Carbon pools selected: The major carbon pools in afforestation and reforestation projects are: above-ground biomass, below-ground biomass, litter, dead wood, and soil organic carbon. As per the methodology ARAMS0001/Version 03, only above-ground biomass and below-ground biomass are considered as carbon pools in the proposed project. Dead wood, litter and soil organic carbon will not be measured. A.4.5 Assessment of the eligibility of the land: Land eligibility is established using the “Procedures to Define Eligibility of Lands for Afforestation and Reforestation Project Activities” approved by the CDM Executive Board (22 March 2007).4 The land is currently non-forest: 2003 SPOT satellite imagery5 and field visits in April 2007 indicted the project areas are under the thresholds for forest (see figure 2 and 3; and photos in A.4.1). Both imagery data and field visits confirmed that Site 2 is almost entirely grassland while Site 1 is more of a mix of grasses and woody perennials. The land has been non-forest since January 1, 1990: Satellite spot imagery in 1987 showed that these areas are under the threshold for forest (see Figure 2). Field interviews concerning land use history confirmed that the project sites were originally deforested between the 1960s and 1980s. Since that time Site 1 has been under pressures from kaingin practices (slash and burn cultivation), charcoal making and wood gathering. In Site 2 interviews (Box No. 1) indicated that similar practices were once undertaken, however, pervasive grasses and weeds have established themselves which combined with the poor soil conditions limit the regeneration of perennial woody matter and trees to insignificant levels. Continuation of current land use would not exceed forest thresholds: Field visits, interviews and surveys from local groups confirmed that existing social pressures (slash and burn-kaingin, charcoal production and pole gathering) in Site 1 and environmental conditions in Site 2 will prevent these areas from regenerating to forest without the project activity (see Box No. 1 and Items A.4.1 & A.4.1.5 no.6). 4 http://cdm.unfccc.int/EB/Meetings/022/eb22_repan16.pdf. 5 The 2003 SPOT is the most recent Image photo of the project area This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 Box. No. 1 . SUMMARY OF FIELD INTERVIEWS Site 1: A total of 25 people from the nearby communities of Sitio Bae, Sitio Waloy and Sitio Pulot Bae, in Barangay San Antoinio, Kalayaan, Laguna were interviewed by LLDA and NPC staff. Eleven of these people have been residing in the area since before 1990 (1979-1987). Twenty two of the people stated they relied on pole gathering, kaingin or charcoal making as at least one of their sources of income. All of them indicated that the project site had been deforested before 1990. Reasons cited were illegal logging and kaingin. 14 of the respondents said in the future no regeneration would occur due to existing pressures. The others indicated regeneration of shrubs, grasses and small trees would occur but kaingin and cutting of trees would prevent further growth. Site 2: A total of six people from Sitio Magalolon living on an island near the project site were interviewed by LLDA and NPC staff. All of these six have been residing there since before 1990 (1976-1987). Of these 3 of them stated kaingin and pole gathering as their source of income. All of them indicated the project site was deforested before 1990 due to tree cutting and kaingin. All also indicated that they did not expect the project site to grow back and cited kaingin as the reason. After site investigation it was determined that while people may occasionally gather poles in the area and at one time did kaingin, accessibility of the site and the pervasive weeds and grasses at the site indicates that the area is now not very productive in this regard. Thus ecological conditions are cited as the main reason for it remaining non-forest into the future. This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 Figure 3. Caliraya-Lumot Watershed Proposed Reforestation Sites The definition of ‘Forest’ used in the analysis was a tree crown cover that is more than 10% of stocking level and a minimum tree height of 5 meters at maturity in situ, while ‘non-forest’ is less than the ‘forest’ definition. This definition was calibrated using ground-truthed data from the Caliraya-Lumot Watershed. This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 A.4.6 : A description of legal title to the land, current land tenure and land use and rights of access to the sequestered carbon: Site Watershed Name of property Owner / Owned since when? Is owner a Project participant? 1&2 CalirayaLumot reforestation Caliraya-Lumot Reservation-Parcel 9 National Power Corporation; owned since June 26, 1969 by virtue of Proclamation No. 5736 Yes # of People living inside project sites and current land use 0 inhabitants. Carbon pools included in legal title No Idle Grassland; kaingin (slash and burn cultivation); charcoal making. The Caliraya-Lumot Reservation project is titled under the Parcel Land No. 9, owned by the National Power Corporation. The NPC has managed and controlled the Parcel Land No. 9 since June 26, 1969 by virtue of Proclamation No. 573. This was followed by another law that was executed on July 16, 1987, Executive Order No. 224—whereby the Philippine Government vested to NPC the complete jurisdiction, control and regulation over the watershed areas and reservations surrounding its power generating plants and properties. Based on the Memorandum of Agreement (MOA), NPC together with LLDA and CBK Power Company, have the rights of access to the sequestered carbon. Since the project sites are uninhabited, the tenure rights of local communities are not an issue. A.4.7 : Type(s) of small-scale A/R CDM project activity: The projects fall under the category of small scale reforestation activities on grasslands. A.4.8 : Technology to be employed by the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: Reforestation will be undertaken using methods common in the Philippines. These include development of a nursery for seedlings using seeds from a certified supplier; site preparation using strip brushing, ring weeding or spot clearing; staking, hole digging and planting using spacing appropriate to the species. The species chosen are those that are resistant to diseases and adapted to the local conditions. A buffer of fast growing species will be used as a fire and wind break. During the first few years, maintenance will include strip and ring weeding, mulch application, replanting and fertilization. Pest control will largely focus on preventive measures under an Integrated Pest Management approach with minimal use of pesticides and only when necessary. In the Philippines the common technology employed on reforestation projects starts from seed collection or seed sourcing. This seed collection activity is immediately followed by the sowing of seeds. When the nurse plants matured, the plants are transported and transplanted in the planting area. 6 Proclamation No.573 S 1969 states that the Calariya-Lumot River Forest Reserve is set as permanent forest reserve subject to private rights. This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 Maintenance and protection activities are done until the sapling stage of the various tree species. A detailed discussion of the methods used is as follows: Nursery description and operation A semi-concrete nursery with a floor area of about 500 square meters will be established within the project site. Planting materials will be procured either as seeds or seedlings. Seeds will be raised using the standard nursery activities. Site Preparation Site preparation prior to outplanting shall be a combination of strip brushing, ring weeding/spot clearing or any other method/strategy depending on species suitability. If strip brushing is to be used, planting strips measuring at least 1 meter wide along the contour shall be cultivated, followed by removal/exposure of roots and rhizomes, leaving approximately 2 meter wide uncultivated strips between the cultivated strips. Number of planting strips depends on the configuration of the plantation. Staking and Hole Digging Staking shall be done following the 2m x 3m and 5m x 5m spacing for forest and fruit trees, respectively. Stakes should be at least 1 meter in height so it can be easily located during hole digging and planting. Locally available materials can be used as stakes. A clearance of 2 inches around the seedlings should be considered in determining the hole size to fit the seedlings into the hole. The hole depth depends on the size of the bag. It should have a clearance of 2 inches around the pot and 3 inches from the base to determine the hole depth. Seed Collection A total of 249,600 seedlings (including 20% mortality) shall be produced or /procured to meet the requirements of the 140 ha area. Activities will include purchase of seeds from certified seed producers and also produced on-site following the standard nursery operations. Detailed seedling requirements and spacing to be used in the reforestation project sites are shown in the table below. Implementation Stages 1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year Project Area (hectares) CLW (40 ha) 20 ha- Fruit Trees 20 ha- Forest Trees CLW (50 ha) CLW (50 ha) TOTAL Space between seedlings (+ 20% allowance for mortality) 5m x 5m 2m x 3m 49,600 9,600 40,000 2m x 3m 2m x 3m No. of Seedlings Required 100,000 100,000 249,600 This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 Formula used in the computation of seedling production requirements is shown below for demonstration purposes: Number of seedlings per hectare = 10,000sq.m / space between plants(sq.m.) Spacing to be used for: forest trees = 2m x 3m fruit trees = 5m x 5m Number of seedlings per Project Area = No of seedlings per hectare X Project Area Total number of seedlings (has.) = Number of seedlings per Project Area + 20% Mortality rate of the Number of seedlings per project area Seedling Transport Seedlings shall be carefully transported to the planting site from the nursery. To avoid damage/injury during transport, containers such as sacks, baskets (kaing), wooden boxes, etc. shall be used. Prior to seedling transport, seedlings may not be watered for more firm attachment of roots to the soil. Planting Planting shall be done at the start of the rainy season. A planting distance of 2m x 3m for the forest trees and 5m x 5m for the fruit bearing trees shall be followed. In putting the seedling into the planting hole, care will be undertaken to avoid breaking the earthball while removing the plastic container. The hole is then filled with soil and firmed up to prevent the seedling from lodging. Maintenance and Protection 1. Strip weeding/cultivation, mulching and fertilization Strip weeding and cultivation shall be done approximately 50 cm radius around the seedling, to remove weeds and loosen the soil. Mulch is to be applied also about 50 cm radius around the seedling with thickness of about 10 cm. Mulch shall be removed prior to ring weeding then replaced after each ring weeding. 2. Replanting and fertilization Replanting shall be undertaken if survival rate is less than 95% and shall be conducted on the next planting season. Inventory shall be done one month after out planting to determine the survival rate before replanting is executed. Inorganic fertilizer (complete: 14-14-14) shall be applied at the rate of 10 to 20 grams per seedling. This shall be applied by mixing thoroughly with the soil used to fill up the holes or side dressed in drills at about 10 to 15 cm distance around the base of the seedling. This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 3. Pest Control Preventive measures shall be conducted through pruning of infected branches, removal of infected trees, thinning and other methods to avoid the spread of pests and diseases. Pesticide and fungicide can be applied on recommended amount depending on the severity of infection. 4. Protection From Illegal Human Activities The reforestation site shall be protected from illegal human activities such as cutting of the planted trees, incendiarism (burning) and squatting/occupancy through the employment of the following watershed protection activities/strategies: 4.1 Conduct of Patrol – Regular and/or periodic patrol of the site and its adjacent areas shall be conducted by NPC forest guards. This is essential not only for timely detection but also as a deterrent and quick-response to any illegal activities. Patrols shall be conducted even during odd hours of the day or weekends, and holidays, when violators may expect that no forest officers will be around to apprehend them. 4.2 Information, Education and Communication (IEC) – Conduct of IEC especially in the planting site and vicinities shall be undertaken. The main purpose of this program is to create and enhance awareness among the watershed residents the relevance of protecting and conserving the plantation site and the watershed as a whole. IEC will impart the vision, objectives and program components of the reforestation project and the watershed in general. 4.3 Formation of multi-sectoral team - The team composed of representatives from NPC, LGUs, DENR and the communities. The team shall assume the bulk of the responsibility in patrolling the project site against illegal occupation or intruders from the outside. Appropriate deputation appointments shall be prepared for the members of the team. Each member shall undergo basic training on forest policies pertaining to watershed conservation and protection. Relevant municipal ordinances shall be included. 4.4 Alternative Livelihoods – To lessen, if not totally eliminate, the dependence of the nearby communities on forest resources, alternative livelihood activities which are not forest-based shall be sought and offered to the nearby residents. Livelihood training shall also be provided to these residents. In addition, residents close to the project site can benefit from the proposed reforestation project through the harvests from the planted fruit trees. Residents can enjoy the harvest from trees such as grafted rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) and santol (Sandoricum koetjape) as early as 5 years after establishing the plantation. Prior to this This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 period, residents may be employed as laborers during the planting of the site up to the 3 year maintenance required to establish tree crops. Moreover, agricultural crops can be intercropped in between rows of the established plantations after the trees have reached desired stable growth. Intercropping will provide an added source of income to nearby residents. Crops such as cassava (Manihot utilissima), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), pineapple (Ananas comosus) and other crops maybe planted in the area along with some medium fruit trees such as citrus (Citrus nobilis) and coffee (coffea Arabica). 4.5 Fireline/Firebreak and Perimeter Fence Construction – A five (5) meter wide fireline/firebreak shall be constructed around the perimeter of the plantation site to protect the area from fire. This shall be reinforced with a perimeter fence (barbed wires) to protect the area from stray animals and deter encroachment. Billboards/signboards shall likewise be installed around the area to warn off possible violators. A combination of trees, shrubs, bamboo and vines maybe planted in the reforestation area to serve as fire and wind breaks as well as buffer strips to reduce soil erosion. Among the recommended species include Kakawate (Gliricidia sepium), Kamachile (Pithecellobium dulce), Kawayan Tinik (Bambusa blumeana), Kawayang Kiling (Bambusa vulgaris), Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) and others. Fireline may also be constructed as an alternative measure to guard against forest fires. 5. Silvicultural Treatment For better growth and development of the trees, various silvicultural treatments could be undertaken. Among them, for example, is the pruning of trees to remove unwanted branches in order to achieve and maintain a desired shape or form. Pruning improves the structural strength of the trees and helps minimize damage by strong winds. Light pruning shall be done before the rainy season; however, infected or damaged branches should be pruned immediately at any time. A.4.9 : Approach for addressing non-permanence: Non-permanence will be addressed through the issuance of tCERs. A.4.10 : Duration of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity/ Crediting period: A.4.10.1 : Starting date of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity and of the (first) crediting period, including justification: Planting will begin in Site 1 in September 2007. A.4.10.2 : Expected operational lifetime of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 The planting will be undertaken over the first 3 years with intensive maintenance over the following 4 years after planting. Arrangements for maintenance of the trees will be made for at least 30 years. However, trees can have a longer life span and are expected to stay in the project sites for at least 60 years. A.4.10.3 : Choice of crediting period and related information: Renewable crediting period. A.4.10.3 : Renewable crediting period, if selected: 20 years x 3 A.4.10.3 : Starting date of the first crediting period: 15/09/07 A.4.10.3 : Length of the first crediting period: 20 years. A.4.10.3 : Fixed crediting period, if selected: not applicable A.4.10.3 : Starting date: not applicable A.4.10.3 : Length: not applicable This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 A.4.11 : Brief explanation of how the net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks are achieved by the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity, including why these would not occur in the absence of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity, taking into account national and /or sectoral policies and circumstances: Anthropogenic GHG emission reductions are to be achieved by the proposed project activities through tree planting activities in grassland and brushland areas of the watershed that have been nonforest areas since before 1990. These areas will remain deforested in the baseline due to barriers associated (a) with local ecological conditions (e.g., degraded soil; pervasive opportunistic grass/weed species preventing regeneration of trees) and (b) with social conditions – most significantly demographic pressures, slash and burn cultivation, charcoal making, and gathering of firewood and poles (see section B.3.1 for details). The area to be reforested under the project consists of 140 hectares distributed into two sites. Both project sites are located in Brgy San Antonio, Kalayaan, Laguna. Site 1 has 40 hectares located in Sitio Pulo’t Bae while the 100 hectares for Site 2 are in Sitio Magalolon. These sites are under the jurisdiction and management of the National Power Corporation. Site 1: Recent field visits confirmed that there are no people or households living inside Site 1. However, there are nearby communities close to the Caliraya Lake which have easy access to the site. Many people in these communities are partially dependent on the proposed project area for their source of living (e.g., charcoal making, wood gathering and kaingin). Due to difficulties in taking legal action, it is not current practice to attempt to prevent these poor communities from undertaking these activities mentioned above. Trees reaching maturity can thus not be expected to take place in Site 1 in the absence of the project. Site 2: Recent field visits confirmed that there are no people living inside Site 2. There is relatively very little encroachment in Site 2, due to its inaccessibility. The closest community to the site is at least a half a kilometer away and is located in a small island separate from the project site. Site 2 is accessible to them mainly by small boats. Occasionally, a few carabaos graze inside the site.7 However as there are very few trees activities such as kaingin, pole gathering and charcoal making is insignificant. In the absence of the project, natural regeneration of forest will be limited due to the ecological conditions of the area. Degraded soil conditions are allowing mainly grasses and weeds to grow pervasively and preventing forest from being established. The net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks are estimated at 2,811 tCO2e per year over 20 year period. 7 Field interviews confirmed that one or two carabaos are occasionally grazed in project Site 2 because of the difficulty in accessing the area. This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 A.4.11.1 Estimated net anthropogenic removals by sinks over the chosen crediting period: The chosen crediting period is 20 years, from 2007 through 2027. Emission reductions shown in the table below are estimated (see C.2 for detailed estimates). Years Annual estimation of net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks in tonnes of CO2e 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 853 2985 2985 2985 2985 2985 2985 2985 2985 2985 2985 2985 2985 2985 2925 2899 2686 2686 2686 2686 Total estimated net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks over 10 years (July 2007-May 2017) (tonnes of CO2e) 27,718 Total estimated net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks over 20 years (July 2007-May 2027) (tonnes of CO2e) 56,226 Total no. of crediting years Annual average over the crediting period of estimated net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks (tonnes of CO2e/yr) 20 x 3 2811 A.4.12. Public funding of the small-scale A/R CDM project activity: None of the sources of funding for the projects and Carbon Finance provided through the Biocarbon Fund, have resulted in the diversion of official development assistance and they are separate from and not counted towards the financial obligations of Parties included in Annex I of the Kyoto Protocol. A.4.12.1. Confirmation that the small-scale A/R CDM project activity is not a debundled component of a larger project activity: The proposed project is not a debundled component of large project activities because within the last 2 years there is not a registered small-scale CDM project activity or an application to register another small-scale CDM project activity with the same project proponents, in the same project category and technology/measure within 1 km of the project boundaries of the projects. (Based on Annex C of Decision 21/CP.8). This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 SECTION B. Application of a baseline methodology: B.1. Title and reference of the approved baseline methodology applied to the small-scale A/R CDM project activity: The project will use the UNFCCC approved methodology entitled “Revised Simplified Baseline and Monitoring Methodologies for Selected Small-Scale Afforestation and Reforestation Project Activities under the Clean Development Mechanism” (AR-AMS0001/Version 03). B.2 Justification of the choice of the methodology in Appendix B of the CDM simplified modalities and procedures for small-scale A/R project and its applicability to the proposed smallscale A/R CDM project activity: The project activities can use the “Revised Simplified Baseline and Monitoring Methodologies for Selected Small-Scale Afforestation and Reforestation Project Activities under the Clean Development Mechanism” because: • The project will generate less than 8,000 tonnes of CO2e per year and therefore is considered a small-scale A/R project. • The project activities will comprise reforestation of land parcels that have been non-forest since 1990. • Reforestation activities under the proposed project will be conducted over grasslands. • None of the grasslands will be ploughed before plantation. B.3 Application of the baseline methodology to the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: B.3.1. Description of how the actual net GHG removals by sinks are increased above below those that would have occurred in the absence of the registered small-scale A/R CDM project activity: In projecting the baseline net GHG removals by sinks, the following approach specified in the approved methodology is used: According to Dec.14/CP.10: “If project participants can provide relevant information that indicates that, in the absence of the small-scale afforestation or reforestation project activity under the CDM, no significant changes in the carbon stocks within the project boundary would have occurred, they shall assess the existing carbon stocks prior to the implementation of the project activity. The existing carbon stocks shall be considered as the baseline and shall be assumed to be constant throughout the crediting period.” Baseline For this project the existing carbon stocks are considered as the baseline and shall be assumed to be constant throughout the crediting period. Areas to be reforested have been historically covered with grasses and shrubs at least since 1990. Owing to the social pressures and ecological conditions, the project sites are expected to regenerate only at a level considered insignificant under the CDM8. 8 Following the GPG-LULUCF(2004) recommendations, a change of more than 10% of the original carbon stock (or GHG removals) is defined as “significant”. Any change less than or equal to 10% is considered as insignificant. These areas have been deforested at least since 1990 and many since the 1970s or earlier and currently have a forest cover of less than 10%. This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 The baseline information for the two reforestation sites under the project are summarized as follows: • Both Sites 1 and 2 had been non-forest since between 1960s and 1980s. • Satellite imagery data taken in 1987 and 2003 showed that land use category in Sites 1 and 2 was non-forest to non-forest. Field visits in 2007 confirmed that both sites are grasslands. Site 1 is generally grassland with some woody perennials; whereas Site 2 is completely covered with grasses and weeds. • Natural regeneration of the project sites had been hindered due to: Site 1: As mentioned earlier, recent field visits confirmed that the area is uninhabited. However, there are communities located close to the site and people are dependent on the general area for their source of livelihood (e.g., charcoal making, wood gathering and kaingin). Consequently, encroachment into the project site takes place to carry out these activities. Site 2: Site 2 is almost completely grasslands and as a result an insignificant amount of the economic activities taking place in Site 1 are found in Site 2. Encroachment into Site 2 is very limited because of its poor accessibility. The closest community to the site is about 60 meters away and is located in an island separate from the project site. Thus access to the site is mainly by small boats. In the absence of the project, natural regeneration of trees in Site 2 will be limited due to poor ecological conditions. Project Scenario The project will cover reforestation activities in the Caliraya-Lumot watershed, including 40 ha for multi-cropping type of reforestation and 100 ha of mixed plantation. Why the baseline net GHG removals by sinks scenario would likely be lower than the actual net GHG removals by sink in the project scenario? The project activity will involve the human induced reforestation of grassland areas in the watershed. The baseline net GHG removals by sinks is expected to be below that of the human-induced reforestation activity because the carbon stocks of reforested areas (under the project scenario) would be higher than that of the existing grasses, shrubs and small woody perennials (under the baseline scenario). This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 B.3.2. Detailed baseline information, including the date of completion of the baseline study and the name of person(s)/entity(ies) determining the baseline: In applying the baseline, the existing carbon stocks (above-ground biomass and below-ground biomass) in the project sites prior to the implementation of the project activity will be assessed and shall be considered as the baseline and assumed to be constant throughout the crediting period. Thus for the proposed project, the baseline net greenhouse gas removals by sinks were estimated using the following formula: B(t) = B(o) = Σ(BA(o) + BB(o)) * A Where: B(t) BA(o) BB(o) A = carbon stocks in the living biomass pools within the project boundary at time t in the absence of the project activity (t C) = existing carbon stocks in above-ground biomass (t C/ha) = existing carbon stocks in below-ground biomass (t C/ha) = project activity area (ha) For above-ground biomass BA(0) is calculated as follows: B = M * 0.5 = (Mgrass(0) + Mwoody(0)) * 0.5 A(o) where: M(o) Mgrass (0) Mwoody (0) 0.5 (o) = existing above-ground biomass (t dm/ha) = existing above-ground biomass in grasses on grasslands (t dm/ha) = existing above-ground woody biomass of woody perennials (t dm/ha) = carbon fraction of dry matter (t C/t dry matter)- IPCC default The values used and their sources are shown in the table below. For below-ground biomass B is calculated as follows: B(o) B = M * R * 0.5 = (Mgrass(0) * Rgrass + Mwoody(0) * Rwoody) * 0.5 B(o) where: M R Rgrass Rwoody 0.5 (0) (o) = existing above-ground biomass (t dm/ha) = root to shoot ratio (dimensionless) = root to shoot ratio for grassland (dimensionless) = root to shoot ratio of woody perennials = carbon fraction of dry matter (t C/t dm) The values used and their sources are shown in the table below. This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 Table 1. Assumptions used in the baseline analysis Item Amount Definition Source/Reference Mgrass (0) 17.15a Mwoody (0) 72.8a Above-ground biomass in grasses at base year before start of project (tonnes dry matter/ha) Above-ground woody biomass of woody perennials ( t dm/ha) Based on actual measurements in grassland and brushland areas in Pantabangan watershed also in Luzon Island, Philippines.. Lasco, R.D. et al. 2005. “Carbon Budgets of Terrestrial Ecosystems in the PantabanganCarranglan Watershed.” AIACC Working Paper NO. 10. Third World Academy of Sciences and UNEP. Conversion factor 0.45 Factor to convert tonnes of biomass (dry matter) to ton C. Carbon content of biomass is estimated at 45% based on many studies in the Philippines. Lasco, R.D. and F.B. Pulhin. 2003. “Philippine Forest Ecosystems and Climate Change: Carbon Stocks, Rate of Sequestration and the Kyoto Protocol.” Annals of Tropical Research (in press). Rgrass 1.6 Root to shoot ratio Rwoody 0.42 Root to shoot ratio Default value for tropical/ subtropical grassland from Table 3.4.3 IPCC GPG for LULUCF. a For Site 1, M(0) is estimated as the average of Mgrass (0) and Mwoody(0) because based on the field visits it was found that the 40 ha project site is approximately half grassland and half small woody perennials. For Site 2, M(0) is equal to Mgrass(0) because it is almost entirely grassland. The foregoing quantification will establish the baseline conditions prior to the start of the project activity. It will be applied to each project site to account strictly for existing differences in land use types, if any. In the absence of the project activity, the existing carbon stocks in these areas are expected to remain unchanged over the crediting period. Date of completing the final draft of this baseline section: 28/06/07 Name of person/entity determining the baseline: John Morton, and Adelaida Schwab, World Bank. [email protected] Not project participants. This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 B. 4. : Application of monitoring methodology and plan to the small-scale A/R CDM project activity A. Ex post estimation of the baseline net GHG removals by sinks In accordance with paragraph 6 of Appendix B to decision 14/CP.10, no monitoring of the baseline is necessary. For this project, in accordance with decision14/CP.10, it is assumed that the baseline will be constant throughout the crediting period, and equal to the values estimated based on the set formulae shown in B.3.2. B. Ex post estimation of the actual net GHG removals by sinks Actual net GHG removals by sinks during a monitoring period shall be estimated as follows: The planted areas will be measured and monitored using on-site visits, analysis of cadastral information and satellite imagery. Carbon stocks shall be estimated through stratified random sampling procedures and based on the following equations: P(t) = Σ(PA(t) i + PB(t) i) * Ai i where: P(t) = carbon stocks within the project boundary at time t achieved by the project activity (t C) PA(t) i = carbon stocks in above-ground biomass at time t of stratum i achieved by the project activity during the monitoring interval (t C/ha) PB(t) i = carbon stocks in below-ground biomass at time t of stratum i achieved by the project activity during the monitoring interval (t C/ha) Ai i = project activity area of stratum i (ha) = stratum i The calculations shown below will be performed for each stratum. For above-ground biomass PA(t) is calculated per stratum i as follows: PA(t) = E(t)* 0.5 where: PA(t) = carbon stocks in above-ground biomass at time t achieved by the project activity during the monitoring interval (t C/ha) E(t) = estimate of above-ground biomass at time t achieved by the project activity (t dm/ha) 0.5 = carbon fraction of dry matter (t C/t dm) ---IPCC default value E(t) shall be estimated using a sampling procedure: Step 1: A statistically sound sampling procedure will be designed according to the standard methods described in section 4.3.3.4 of the IPCC good practice guidance for LULUCF. If areas are affected by fires and pests additional strata will be considered. The number, type and size of permanent plots will be designed to allow a precision for monitoring to not be larger than ± 10 per cent, at a 95 per cent confidence level for the mean; This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 Step 2: Permanent plots will be established, marked and the location documented as part of the first monitoring report; Step 3: The diameter at breast height (DBH) or DBH and tree height (H) will be monitored and included in the monitoring reports; Step 4: The above-ground biomass (AGB) will be estimated using biomass expansion factors and stem volume (option 2 of paragraph 42 (d) of the SSC-AR Methodology) as follows: E(t) = SV * BEF * WD where: E (t) SV WD BEF = estimate of above-ground biomass at time t achieved by the project activity (t dm/ha) = stem volume (m3/ha) = basic wood density (t dm/m3) = biomass expansion factor (over bark) from stem volume to total volume (dimensionless) Values for SV shall be estimated from the field measurements (DBH, H) in permanent plots, converted to volume data per tree using national tree volume equations for each species9 and then extrapolated to hectare values. Documented local values or national defaults10 for BEF and WD will be used for those trees species for which they are available, otherwise values will be obtained from table 3A.1.9 (list of trees under Tropical Asia) and table 3A.1.10 (list of trees under tropical climate, broadleaf trees) of the IPCC GPG for LULUCF. For below-ground biomass PB(t) shall be estimated for each stratum i as follows: PB(t) = E(t) * R * 0.5 where: PB(t) R 0.5 = carbon stocks in below-ground biomass at time t achieved by the project activity during the monitoring interval (t C/ha) = root to shoot ratio (dimensionless) = carbon fraction of dry matter (t C/t dm) ---IPCC default value. Documented national values for R would be used for those species for which it is available. Otherwise the values will be obtained from table 3A.1.8 of IPCC GPG for LULUCF. If root to shoot ratios for the species concerned are not available, the allometric equation developed by Cairns et al. (1997) will be used.11 Alternatively, a more representative equation taken from the IPCC good practice guidance for LULUCF, Table 4.A.4 may be used: 9 The equations to be used can be found in: “Development and Management of Forest Plantations”. Ecosystems Research and Development Bureau, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Los Banos, Laguna Philippines, 1998. 10 Documented values from the Forest Products Research and Development Institute in Laguna, Philippines will be used. Cairns, M.A., S. Brown, E.H. Helmer, G.A. Baumgardner (1997). Root biomass allocation in the world’s upland forests. Oecologia (1):1–11. 11 This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 PB(t) = exp(–1.085 + 0.9256 * ln E(t)) * 0.5 where: PB(t) E(t) 0.5 = carbon stocks in below-ground biomass at time t achieved by the project activity during the monitoring interval (t C/ha) = estimate of above-ground biomass at time t achieved by the project activity (t dm/ha) = carbon fraction of dry matter (t C/t dm) IPCC default value. C. Ex post estimation of leakage If applicable, the methodology requires the monitoring of the following indicators in order to estimate leakage ex post: (a) Percentage of families/households of the community involved in or affected by the project activity displaced due to the implementation of the project activity; (b) Percentage of total production of the main produce (for example meat or corn) within the project boundary displaced due to the project activity. (c) The time-average number of grazing animals per ha within the project boundary that is displaced due to the project activity divided by the average grazing capacity of land for the area, expressed as percentage. If the value of these indicators for a specific monitoring period is lower than 10 percent, then L(t) = 0 where: L(t) = Leakage attributable to the project activity within the project boundary at time t (t C) If the value of one of these indicators is higher than 10 per cent then the project will consider leakage in its calculations according to Section IV.C of the “Revised Simplified Baseline and Monitoring Methodologies for Selected Small-Scale Afforestation and Reforestation Project Activities under the Clean Development Mechanism.” That is, L(t) = P(t) * 0.15 Leakage is equal to 15 percent of the actual net GHG removals by sinks. For this project, leakage emissions are equal to zero (see Section B.4.1.2 ) and no monitoring of leakage over the crediting period is needed. Project participants do not consider that the use of fertilizers related to the project activity would be significant, and thus leakage of N2O emissions is not included in the estimation. This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 D. Ex post estimation of the net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks Net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks is estimated as the actual net greenhouse gas removals by sinks minus the baseline net greenhouse gas removals by sinks minus leakage. The tCERs at th e year of verification tv are calculated as follows: tCER(tv) = 44/12 * (P(tv) – B(tv) – L(tv)) Since in this project the changes in carbon stock in the baseline are considered to be zero, then B(tv) = B(t=0). L(tv) = 0.15 * P(tv) only if the value of one of the leakage monitoring indicators is higher than 10 per cent and less than or equal to 50 per cent. If this condition is not met, then leakage is zero; i.e., L(tv) = 0. where: tCER(tv) = tCERs emitted at year of verification tv (t CO2) P(tv) = carbon stocks in the living biomass pools within the project boundary at year of verification tv under project scenario (t C) B(tv) = carbon stock in the living biomass pools within the project boundary at year of verification tv that would have occurred in the absence of the project activity (t C) L(tv) = leakage attributable to the project activity within the project boundary at year of verification (t C) tv = year of verification 44/12 = conversion factor from t C to t CO2 equivalent (t CO2/t C) This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 B.4.1. Data to be monitored: Monitoring of the actual net GHG removals by sinks and leakage: B.4.1.1. Actual net GHG removals by sinks data: Data Source Data Unit Measured (M) Recordin Proportio Calculate n of data g d(C) or Frequenc to be monitored y Estimated (E) How will the data be archived? (electronic or Paper) Comment LatField Long surveys, satellite (see imagery and Table GPS. 1) (M) 5years 100% of Electronic, Project location sample paper are determined plots using field listed in surveys, satellite Annex 5. imagery and GPS. 2 Size of areas where project Field Ha activity has been surveys, implemented: satellite imagery and 40 ha GPS. Site 1 (M) 5years 100% of Electronic, See Item A.4.1.4 paper for more detailed sample information plots listed in Annex 5. 1 Project location: CalirayaLumot Watershed 100 ha Site 2 3 Location of permanent sample plots Project maps and project design lat-long (see Annex 5) Size of 5 years sample plot (M) (400 sq m) 4 Diameter at breast height (1.30m). Measurement to be done for each sample plot. Permanent plot Cm ( M) 5 Height (Measurement to be done for each sample plot). Permanent plot M ( M) 100% of Electronic, Plot location is sample paper registered with plots GPS and marked listed in on the map .See Annex 5. the exact location of each sample plot .below. 5 years Each tree Electronic, Measure diameter in the paper at breast height sample (DBH) for each plot tree that falls within the sample plot and conforms to size limits 5 years Each tree Electronic, Measure height in the paper (H) for each tree sample that falls within plot the sample plot and conforms to size limits This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 Permanent Tonnes 6 Basic Wood Density plot (Measurement to be done for of dry each sample plot). matter per m3 fresh volume (E) 7 Total CO2 ( C) Project Activity TCO2e once 3 samples Electronic, per tree paper from base, middle and top of the stem of tree individual s 5 years All Electronic, Based on data project paper collected from all data plots and carbon pools Location of Permanent Sample Plots Sample Plot Longitude No. (E-degree) Site 1 –Sitio Pulot Bae 1 345047.5 345044.7 345064.6 345067.6 2 345177.3 345181.4 345200.9 345197.1 3 345717.6 345719.2 345699.1 345697.7 4 345350.0 345367.1 345377.3 345360.2 Site 2- Sitio Magalolon 5 344501.5 344492.8 344511.2 344520.1 6 344179.5 344196.6 344207.1 344190.0 Latitude (N-degree) 1584978.5 1584998.4 1585001.1 1584981.1 1584618.1 1584637.8 1584633.2 1584613.6 1584797.0 1584776.9 1584774.9 1584794.9 1584881.4 1584891.9 1584874.7 1584863.6 1584050.2 1584068.2 1584076.8 1584058.8 1583983.2 1583993.5 1583976.3 1583965.9 Sample Plot No. Longitude (E-degree) Site 2-Sitio Magalolon 7 343836.6 343819.7 343830.9 343847.9 8 343349.5 343335.7 343352.2 343365.2 9 343629.2 343619.9 343638.2 343647.3 10 343721.9 343701.9 343701.9 343937.8 11 343919.6 343910.9 343928.6 12 343500.9 343485.8 343471.4 343485.9 Latitude (N-degree) 1583707.5 1583718.3 1583735.1 1583723.9 1583286.9 1583302.7 1583314.4 1583299.0 1583057.5 1583075.4 1583084.8 1583066.4 1583380.4 1583380.4 1583400.4 1583436.9 1583428.5 1583446.7 1583454.8 1583451.5 1583438.3 1583452.2 1583466.1 This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 B.4.1.2. Data for treatment of leakage (if applicable): Based on the field visits it was confirmed that no people or households are living inside the project sites. There are nearby communities to site 1 composed of 90 families. Most of them are dependent on resources found both inside and outside the project site for means of livelihood – including kaingin or slash and burn cultivation, charcoal making and wood gathering for fuel and poles. No grazing of animals is reported in Site 1. There are 110 families living in Sitio Magalolon where Site 2 is located. However, they are residing in a small island in the nearby lake such that their access to the project site is possible mainly with the use of small boats (locally known as ‘bangka’). Site 2 is mostly covered with grasses and some weeds, and so is the general area surrounding the site. Therefore, the economic activities taking place in Site 1 are not occurring in Site 2. Meanwhile, grazing of carabaos takes place in Site 2, but only occasionally and in very small number12. Accessibility of the site and the fact that only grasses are present in the area may have limited encroachment in Site 2. Based on the foregoing observations, it is evident that no leakage is associated with the project activity as: • There are no people living inside the boundary of project Site 1 and Site 2. While there are households who are engaged in pole gathering for charcoal making and small-scale kaingin cultivation inside Site 1 as source of income, their activities are not confined solely within the project boundary. They also carry out these activities outside the boundary of Site 1, in the same manner as the many other households in their community who do charcoal making and kaingin in various parts of the watershed. In the case of Site 2, there are neither people nor important economic activities to be displaced due to the project activity. • The proposed reforestation project is a very small-scale activity in relation to the size of the Caliraya-Lumot Watershed. The 140 ha to be reforested under the project constitute less than 2 percent (1.3%) of the total CLW reservation area. On this basis alone, it is clear that leakage due to project activity will be negligible. B.4.1.2.1. If applicable, please describe the data and information that will be collected in order to monitor leakage of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM activity No monitoring of leakage will be done. B.4.2. Quantitative explanation of how quality control (QC) and quality assurance (QA) procedures are undertaken: In accordance with the IPCC GPG for LULUCF (p.4.111), monitoring should include provisions for quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) which would be implemented through a QA/QC plan. For this project activity, a QA/QC plan with standard operating procedures (SOPs) will be followed and include: 12 Site visits confirmed two carabao grazing on the 100 ha site. This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 1. Procedures to ensure reliable field measurements: (a) Field team members will be made fully aware of all procedures and the importance of collecting data as accurately as possible. (b) Field teams will install test plots in the field and measure all pertinent components using SOPs to estimate measurement errors. (c) The documentation will list all names of the field team and the project leader will certify that the team is trained (d) New staff will be adequately trained. Furthermore, as indicated in the approved methodology, monitoring will also include specific procedures for data collection, measurement verification, and data maintenance. The key aspects of these procedures are discussed below. 2. Procedures to verify field data collection: Every sample plot will be re-measured to compare measurements against the original measurements keeping the following targets in mind: (a) Missed or extra trees: no error within the plot (b) Tree species or groups: no error (c) DBH<+/-0.5 cm or 3 % whichever is greater. (d) Height < +10/ and -20% At the end of field work 10-20 percent of the plots will be rechecked in this manner. Field data collected at this stage will be compared with the original data. Any errors found will be corrected and recorded. Errors will be expressed as a percentage of all plots that have been rechecked to provide an estimate of the measurement error. 3. Procedures to verify data entry and analysis Collected data will be entered into the data analysis spreadsheets. To minimize/avoid making errors in this process, field data and laboratory data will be crosschecked. If necessary, internal tests will be incorporated into the spreadsheets to ensure that the data are realistic. All personnel involved in measuring and analyzing data will communicate regularly to detect and to resolve any apparent inconsistency prior to completion of the final analysis of the monitoring data. If problems with the monitoring plot data cannot be resolved, the plot will be excluded from the analysis. 4. Data maintenance and storage Due to the long-term nature of A/R project activities under the CDM, data archiving (maintenance and storage) is an important component of the monitoring plan. As seen from Sections B.4.1.1 and B.4.1.2, data archiving can take several forms. Copies of all data to be collected and monitored will be provided to each project participant. The following will be stored in a dedicated and safe place in LLDA, NPC, and LGU offices: (1) Copies (electronic and/or paper) of all field data, data analyses, and models; estimates of the changes in carbon stocks and corresponding calculations and models used; (2) Any geographical information system (GIS) products; (3) Copies of the measuring and monitoring reports. This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 Electronic copies of the data and the report will be updated periodically to ensure compatibility with current software applications. B.4.3. Please describe briefly the operational and management structure(s) that the project operator will implement in order to monitor actual GHG removals by sinks by the proposed smallscale A/R CDM project activity: The project will develop an operation and maintenance plan, which will be the responsibility of NPC, and CBK to implement and to be monitored and quality checked by the LLDA (Laguna Lake Development Authority), who will act as an intermediary providing technical and financial support to A/R project activities. The operation and maintenance plan will cover a host of activities – from seed collection, cultivation of seedlings and routine maintenance of the reforestation sites to field data collection, verification and archiving. Implementation and management of these activities will be carried out under the responsibility of the project proponents. LLDA will monitor the process by which project activities are carried out to ensure that they are done in accordance with the operation and maintenance plan. B.4.4. Name of person/entity determining the monitoring methodology: John Morton and Adelaida Schwab, World Bank. [email protected] Not project participants. This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 SECTION C. Estimation of net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks: C.1. Formulae used: The emission reductions associated with the project activities are estimated according to the UNFCCC approved methodology entitled “Revised Simplified Baseline and Monitoring Methodologies for Selected Small-Scale Afforestation and Reforestation Project Activities Under the Clean Development Mechanism” ( AR-AMS0001/Version3). C.1.1. Description of formulae used for estimation of the actual GHG removals by sinks due to the project activity Actual net GHG removals by sinks consider only the changes in carbon pools for the project scenario. The stocks of carbon for the project scenario at the starting date of the project activity (t=0)13 is the same as the baseline stocks of carbon at the starting date of the project (t=0). (For this project, it will be equal to the baseline carbon stocks (B(0) as specified in Section B.3.2). Therefore, N(t=0) = B(t=0) For all other years, the carbon stocks within the project boundary at time “t”, N(t) shall be calculated as follows: N(t) = Σ(NA(t) + NB(t) ) * A i Where: N(t) = total carbon stocks in biomass at time t under the project scenario (t C/ha) NA(t) = carbon stocks in above-ground biomass at time t under the project scenario (t C/ha) NB(t) = carbon stocks in below-ground biomass at time t under the project scenario (t C/ha) A = project activity area (ha) For above-ground biomass NA(t) is calculated per stratum i as follows: NA(t) = T(t) * 0.5 Where: NA(t) = carbon stocks in above-ground biomass at time t under the project scenario (t C/ha) T(t) : Above-ground biomass at time “t” for the project scenario (tonnes of dry matter/ha) 0.5: factor to convert tonnes of biomass (dry matter) to tonnes of carbon —IPCC default 13 The starting date of the project should be considered to be the point in time when the land is prepared for the initiation of the afforestation or reforestation project activity. In accordance with paragraph 23 of the modalities and procedures for afforestation and reforestation project activities under the CDM, the crediting period shall begin at the start of the afforestation or reforestation project activity under the CDM. This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 T(t) was determined using literature values based on actual measurements in the Philippines as shown in the table below. T(t) = SV(t) * BEF * WD Where: T(t) = above-ground biomass at time t under the project scenario (t dm/ha) SV(t) = stem volume at time t for the project scenario (m3 /ha) BEF = biomass expansion factor (over bark) from stem volume to total volume (dimensionless) WD = basic wood density (t dm/m3) Values for SV(t) shall be obtained from national sources (such as standard yield tables). Documented local values or national default values for BEF should be used. If such values are not available, IPCC default values should be obtained from IPCC GPG for LULUCF Table 3A.1.10. Documented local values or national default values for WD should be used. In the absence of these values, IPCC default values should be obtained from Table 3A.1.9 of the IPCC GPG for LULUCF. For below-ground biomass NB(t) = T(t) * R * 0.5 Where: NB(t) T(t) R = carbon stocks in below-ground biomass at time t under the project scenario (t C/ha) = above-ground biomass at time t under the project scenario (t dm/ha) = Root to shoot ratio (dimensionless) Documented national values for R should be used. If national values are not available, IPCC default values will be obtained from IPCC GPG for LULUCF Table 3A.1.8. The values used in the analysis are shown in the table below: Table 2. Assumption used in the project analysis Item Amount Definition T(t) Conversion factor R Reforestation: Yr 1-15 9.1 Yr 16-20 8.19 0.45 0.42 Biomass accumulation rates (t dm/ha) Carbon fraction of dry matter (t C/t dm) Root to shoot ratio Source/Reference Lasco , 2005; Brown et al., 1986a Lasco and Pulhin, 2003b Default value for secondary tropical/subtropical forest from Table 3A.1.8 of the IPCC GPG for LULUCF. a Lasco, R.D. et al. 2005. “Carbon Budgets of Terrestrial Ecosystems in the Pantabangan-Carranglan Watershed.” AIACC Working Paper No. 10, Third World Academy of Sciences and UNEP; Brown et al. 1986. “Biomass of tropical tree plantations and its implications for the global carbon budget.” Canadian Journal of Forest Research 16:390-394. Biomass accumulation rates are not available for individual project species. These is the best available and most local data. b Lasco, R.D. and F.B. Pulhin. 2003. “Philippine forest ecosystems and climate change: Carbon stocks, rate of sequestration and the Kyoto Protocol.” Annals of Tropical Research. 25(2), 37-51. This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 C.1.2. Description of formulae used to estimate leakage due to the project activity, where required, for the applicable project category in appendix B of the simplified modalities and procedures for small-scale A/R CDM project activities under CDM: No leakage calculation is required (see B.4.1.2). Therefore, L(t) = 0 where: L(t) = Leakage attributable to the project activity within the project boundary at time t (t C) C.1.3. Description of formulae used to estimate net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks, for the applicable project category in appendix B of the simplified modalities and procedures for smallscale A/R CDM project activities under CDM: The net anthropogenic greenhouse gas removals by sinks is the actual net GHG removals by sinks minus the baseline net GHG removals by sinks minus leakage ; i.e., Net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks for year t = (N(t) - B(t) - L(t)) * 44/12 Because in this project the baseline stocks of carbon are constant over the crediting period, then B(t) = B(t=0). C.2. Estimate of the actual net GHG removal by sinks Actual net GHG removals by sinks (tCO2-e) over 20 year crediting period Caliraya-Lumot Sites (ha) Site 1 (40 ha) Site 2 (100 ha) Total Above ground Below ground Total 14,620 30,756 45,376 9,669 16,257 25,926 24,289 47,014 71,303 This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 Detailed calculation for the two project sites are shown below: Actual Net GHG removals by sinks for Site 1-40hectares Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 Actual Net GHG removals by sinks for Site 2- 100 hectares Above Ground Biomass Below Ground Biomass Total carbon stock Above Ground Biomass Below Ground Biomass Total carbon stock Na (tonnes C) Nb (tonnes C) Nt (tonnes C) Na (tonnes C) Nb (tonnes C) Nt (tonnes C) 809.64 973.44 1137.24 1301.04 1464.84 1628.64 1792.44 1956.24 2120.04 2283.84 2447.64 2611.44 2775.24 2939.04 3102.84 3250.26 3397.68 3545.10 3692.52 3839.94 3987.36 4134.78 4282.20 1295.42 1364.22 1433.02 1501.81 1570.61 1639.40 1708.20 1777.00 1845.79 1914.59 1983.38 2052.18 2120.98 2189.77 2258.57 2327.36 2389.28 2451.20 2513.11 2575.03 2636.95 2698.86 2760.78 2105.06 2337.66 2570.26 2802.85 3035.45 3268.04 3500.64 3733.24 3965.83 4198.43 4431.02 4663.62 4896.22 5128.81 5361.41 5577.62 5786.96 5996.30 6205.63 6414.97 6624.31 6833.64 7042.98 771.75 1181 1591 2000 2410 2819 3229 3638 4048 4457 4867 5276 5686 6095 6505 6914 7283 7651 8020 8388 8757 9126 9494 1234.80 1406.79 1578.78 1750.77 1922.76 2094.75 2266.74 2438.73 2610.72 2782.71 2954.7 3126.69 3298.68 3470.67 3642.66 3814.65 3969.441 4124.232 4279.023 4433.814 4588.605 4743.396 4898.187 2006.55 2588.04 3169.53 3751.02 4332.51 4914.00 5495.49 6076.98 6658.47 7239.96 7821.45 8402.94 8984.43 9565.92 10147.41 10728.90 11252.24 11775.58 12298.92 12822.26 13345.61 13868.95 14392.29 C.3. Estimate of the baseline net GHG removals by sinks: Baseline net GHG removals by sinks (tCO2-e) over 20 year crediting period Caliraya-Lumot Sites (ha) Site 1 (40) Site 2 (100 ha) Total Above ground Below ground Total 2,970 2,831 5,801 4,748 4,528 9,276 7,718 7,359 15,077 This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 Detailed calculation for the two project sites are shown below: Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 Baseline Net GHG removals by sinks for Site 1- 40 hectares Above Below Total Ground Ground Carbon Biomass Biomass Stock Baseline Net GHG removals by sinks for Site 2 – 100 hectares Above Ground Biomass Below Ground Biomass Total Carbon Stock Ba (tonnes C) Bb (tonnes C) Bt (tonnes C) Ba (tonnes C) Bb (tonnes C) Bt (tonnes C) 810 810 810 810 810 810 810 810 810 810 810 810 810 810 810 810 810 810 810 810 810 810 810 1,295 1,295 1,295 1,295 1,295 1,295 1,295 1,295 1,295 1,295 1,295 1,295 1,295 1,295 1,295 1,295 1,295 1,295 1,295 1,295 1,295 1,295 1,295 2,105 2,105 2,105 2,105 2,105 2,105 2,105 2,105 2,105 2,105 2,105 2,105 2,105 2,105 2,105 2,105 2,105 2,105 2,105 2,105 2,105 2,105 2,105 772 772 772 772 772 772 772 772 772 772 772 772 772 772 772 772 772 772 772 772 772 772 772 1,235 1,235 1,235 1,235 1,235 1,235 1,235 1,235 1,235 1,235 1,235 1,235 1,235 1,235 1,235 1,235 1,235 1,235 1,235 1,235 1,235 1,235 1,235 2,007 2,007 2,007 2,007 2,007 2,007 2,007 2,007 2,007 2,007 2,007 2,007 2,007 2,007 2,007 2,007 2,007 2,007 2,007 2,007 2,007 2,007 2,007 This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 C.4. Estimated leakage: Leakage is zero. C.5. The sum of C.2. minus C.3 minus C.4 representing the net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: Net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks (tCO2-e) over 20 year crediting period Caliraya-Lumot Sites (ha) Site 1 (40 ha) Site 2 (100 ha) Total Above ground Below ground Total 11,650 27,925 39,575 4,921 11,729 16,650 16,571 39,654 56,225 C.6. Table providing values when applying formulae above: Net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks (tCO2-e) over 20 year crediting period Year Estimation of baseline net GHG removals by sinks (tonnes CO2-e) 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 15,077 15,077 15,077 15,077 15,077 15,077 15,077 15,077 15,077 15,077 15,077 15,077 15,077 15,077 15,077 15,077 15,077 15,077 15,077 15,077 Estimation of actual net GHG removals by sinks (tonnes of CO2e) 15,930 18,913 21,899 24,884 27,869 30,854 33,838 36,823 39,808 42,793 45,779 48,764 51,749 54,733 57,658 60,558 63,244 65,931 68,618 71,304 Estimation of leakage (tonnes of CO2-e) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Estimation of net anthropogenic GHG removals by sinks (tonnes of CO2-e) 853 3,836 6,822 9,807 12,792 15,777 18,761 21,746 24,731 27,716 30,702 33,687 36,672 39,656 42,581 45,481 48,167 50,854 53,541 56,227 This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 SECTION D. Environmental impacts of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: D.1. If any negative impact is considered significant by the project participants or the host Party, a statement that project participants have undertaken an environmental impact assessment, in accordance with the procedures required by the host party, including conclusions and all references to support documentation: The project will have largely positive environmental impacts. The benefits of reforestation range from reduced flooding to improved groundwater recharge. Vegetative cover reduces surface run-off and erosion by reducing the erosive impact of rainfall, increased soil aggregation by the roots and increase in the soil fertility by increasing its organic matter content. Reducing erosion in the uplands will ultimately reduce soil deposition, which leads to reduced riverbed siltation. Minor negative impacts can be mitigated or minimized. These include risks of fires, disease, invasive species and pesticide and chemical fertilizer use. Risks of disease and invasive species have been mitigated through choice of species. Risks of fires have been reduced through construction of firebreaks. Chemical fertilizers are expected to be used, but its use will be minimized through planning. Pest management will be undertaken through preventative measures (e.g., maintaining healthy trees, proper pruning, removal of diseased branches), with the use of pesticides only if necessary and only on affected areas. SECTION E. Socio economic impacts of the proposed small-scale A/R CDM project activity: E.1. If any negative impact is considered significant by the project participants or the host Party, a statement that project participants have undertaken a socioeconomic impact assessment, in accordance with the procedures required by the host party, including conclusions and all references to support documentation: The project will not involve land acquisition, resettlement or displacement of economic activities to significant degree. SECTION F. Stakeholders’ comments: F.1. Brief description of how comments by local stakeholders have been invited and compiled: During the development of project proposal, a community participatory approach was employed allowing stakeholders to make suggestions and voice out their priorities and concerns. Stakeholders were collectively represented comprised of the private sector, municipal and village governments, NGOs, fisherfolks, farmers, etc. LLDA, NPC and CBK addressed the comments and issues that were raised during the series of community meetings and information campaigns held. Records of the minutes of meetings are available and filed in the LLDA main office. F.2. Summary of the comments received: Because stakeholders participated in the development of the project from the onset, they were agreeable to the project proposal and are willing to participate in the project activities. This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 F.3. Report on how due account was taken of any comments received: Since comments raised were all positive and stakeholders signified their support to the project, no changes in project activity were needed. This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 Annex 1 CONTACT INFORMATION ON PARTICIPANTS IN THE SMALL-SCALE A/R CDM PROJECT ACTIVITY Organization: Street/P.O Box: Building: City: State/Region: Postfix/ZIP: Country: Contact person: Telephone: FAX: E-Mail: URL: Represented by: Title: Salutation: Last Name: Middle Name: First Name: Department: Mobile: Direct FAX: Direct tel: Personal E-Mail: Organization: Street/P.O Box: Building: City: State/Region: Postfix/ZIP: Country: Contact person: Telephone: FAX: E-Mail: URL: Represented by: Title: Salutation: Last Name: Middle Name: Laguna Lake Development Authority (LLDA) Shaw Boulevard Rizal Provincial Capital Compound Pasig City Philippines Ms. Dolora N. Nepomuceno 632 637-9748 [email protected] www.llda.gov.ph Dolora Nepomuceno Assistant General Manager Ms Nepomuceno Dolora [email protected] National Power Corporation Quezon Avenue, Corner Agham Rd. NPC Building Quezon City Philippines Ms. Emmanuel A. Umali 632 925-4375 [email protected] www.napocor.gov.ph Emmanuel A. Umali Department Manager Mr Umali Ang This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 First Name: Department: Mobile: Direct FAX: Direct tel: Personal E-Mail: Emmanuel Watershed Management Division +639209283632 +632 925 4375 +632 925 4375 [email protected] Organization: Street/P.O Box: Building: City: State/Region: Postfix/ZIP: Country: Contact person: Telephone: FAX: E-Mail: URL: CBK Power Company Limited (PCL) Brgy San Juan Represented by: Title: Salutation: Last Name: Middle Name: First Name: Department: Mobile: Direct FAX: Direct tel: Personal E-Mail: Organization: Street/P.O Box: Building: City: State/Region: Postfix/ZIP: Country: Contact person: Telephone: FAX: E-Mail: URL: Represented by: Title: Kalayaan, Laguna Philippines Ms. Humbelina S. Castro [email protected] www.cbkpower.com.ph Humbelina S. Castro Vice-President Ms Castro S Humbelina +639 178358436 049-557-0113 [email protected] World Bank Carbon Finance Unit 1818 H Street NW MC Washington DC 20433 USA 1202 473 9189 1202 522 7432 [email protected] www.carbonfinance.org Joelle Chassard Manager, Carbon Finance This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 Salutation: Last Name: Middle Name: First Name: Department: Mobile: Direct FAX: Direct tel: Personal E-Mail: Organization: Street/P.O Box: Building: City: State/Region: Postfix/ZIP: Country: Contact person: Telephone: FAX: E-Mail: URL: Represented by: Title: Salutation: Last Name: Middle Name: First Name: Department: Mobile: Direct FAX: Direct tel: Personal E-Mail: Ms. Chassard Joelle ENVCF Canada’s CDM and JI Office 125 Sussex Drive Ottawa Ontario KIA OG2 Canada Tara Preston (1-613)992-9657/(1-613)944-3039 (1-613)944-0064 [email protected] [email protected] Tara Preston Acting Deputy Director Preston Tara Climate Change Division (1-613)944-0064/(1-613)944-0064 (1-613)992-9657/(1-613)944-3039 [email protected] This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font. UNFCCC/CCNUCC ____________________________________________________________________________________ CDM – Executive Board PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR SMALL-SCALE AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CDM-SSC-AR-PDD) - Version 01 Annex 2 INFORMATION REGARDING PUBLIC FUNDING Carbon finance will be provided through the Biocarbon Fund. The project will not result in the diversion of official development assistance and is separate from and is not counted towards the financial obligations of Parties included in Annex I of the Kyoto Protocol. This template shall not be altered. It shall be completed without modifying/adding headings or logo, format or font.