Issue 3, Volume 7, 2014

INDOOR CRANE
Issue 3, Volume 7, 2014
Mengatasi
Sakit Kepala
I ssue 3 , Volume 7 , 2 0 1 4
The Directorate of Occupational Health and Safety, Turkey visited
NIOSH on 28 January 2014. The delegates were Mr Sedat Yenidunya,
Head of Department and and Mr Yetkin Uysar, Industrial Engineer for
the Directorate General of Occupational Health and Safety; and Mr
Nihat Negri, expert from the Occupational Health and Safety in the
Occupational Health and Safety Centre. The delegates were
accompanied by Ir Saiful Azhar Mohd Said, the Director of Major
Hazard Division of the Department of Occupational Safety and
Health (DOSH), Malaysia.
This visit was met with the interest from the Turkish delegates on our
initiatives in harmonizing the practice of OSH in Malaysia. It was also
with the interest to learn how our organization functions as a limited
by guarantee company in providing training, consultation, research
and development and also in carrying out information dissemination
activities.
Through this visit, it is hoped that these delegates gets a clear picture
on the methodology practiced in relation to OSH in consultation; and
also to understand the standards being used by NIOSH in research
activities. With that as well, through NIOSH, we represent Malaysia in
the practice of OSH through the highest regard of measurement by
world standard. Apart from that, this visit has served as a platform for
the exchange of ideas and point of views on OSH at a global scale.
Through this mutual understanding, it has opened up the possibility of
a collaboration between Malaysia and Turkey in the occupational
safety and health line. And to start off, NIOSH has invited the Turkish
Directorate to appoint a speaker for the next 17th Conference and
Exhibition on Occupational Safety and Health (COSH) come August
2014.
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TERDAPAT tips bagi mengatasi dan jugak mengurangkan
sakit migrain ini.
sahaja dapat meredakan sakit kepala yang teruk, malah
dipercayai dapat mengelakkan migrain.
Migrain ialah sakit kepala yang paling kerap di alami
seseorang. Penyakit ini biasanya datang dan pergi. Antara
tanda-tanda migrain ialah sakit kepala yang berdenyut
diikuti dengan muntah dan pitam.
Elakkan terkena cahaya terang atau pancaran matahari.
Bagaimanapun migrain tidak didedahkan kepada maut.
Faktor keturunan turut menjadi punca migrain tetapi
penyakit ini boleh dicegah dengan mengelakkan faktor
penyebab seperti:
KETEGANGAN
Keadaan ini terdedah kepada sesiapa sahaja terutamanya
lelaki. Mereka yang tidak bijak mengurus dan mengendali
masalah akan terdedah kepada sakit kepala jenis ini.
Pengambilan Ubat-Ubatan Masalah tertentu untuk
meredakan kesakitan boleh mendedahkan seseorang
kepada sakit kepala. Pengambilan makanan
mengandungi bahan `monosodium glumate atau MSG',
kafein dan alkohol boleh juga menyebabkan sakit kepala.
Berehat di dalam sebuah bilik gelap atau samar-samar
kerana keadaan terang boleh menambahkan lagi sakit
kepala.
Ketulan ais atau air sejuk boleh meredakan sakit kepala.
Ambil sehelai tuala dan bungkus ketulan ais dengan tuala
tersebut. Tekapkan pada mata seketika.
Jika masih tidak reda, cuba guna air suam.
Basahkan tuala dengan air suam dan tekapkan pada
mata selama kira-kira setengah jam.
Fikirkan secara positif. Sebahagian besar sakit kepala
berpunca dapada tekanan dan gangguan perasaan.
PENYAKIT METABOLIK
Kekurangan gula di dalam tubuh, kurang darah, kegagalan
fungsi ginjal dan hati jugak boleh menyebabkan sakit
kepala.
Berehat seketika dengan berbaring. Baring diatas katil
dan pejamkan mata kira-kira setengah jam. Ia bukan
Source info: Berita Harian, Feb 8, 2014,Pg.no. 016
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INTRODUCTION
INSPECTION
Cranes come in all shapes and sizes, perform a multitude of jobs and help
increase productivity — making your job easier. However, using your
crane improperly can cause breakdowns and product damage. It can
also seriously injure you.
Shop cranes should be inspected by the operator at the beginning of
each shift. It’s easy and takes only a few minutes.
This handbook will help you reduce crane accidents and breakdowns in
your workplace. You will learn about inspection and safe operation of
shop- operated power hoist equipment. One of the reasons proper
training is so important is because these cranes often are operated by
workers who are not crane operators by trade.
VISUAL INSPECTION
 Are there any tags on the crane?
• A red DANGER: Do NOT OPERATE tag, means terminate the
inspection and do not operate the crane.
• A certification tag on the hoist or crane says check with your
supervisor or maintenance department if you’re not sure about
the certification.
Most indoor cranes are operated by electricity or compressed air using
wire rope or chain to do the lifting. Once lifted, some loads can be
positioned manually, while other loads will be positioned completely by
the crane. Most shop cranes are operated from the floor, controlled
either by a push-button pendant, pull rope or radio control. Lifting
capacities of cranes vary from 250 pounds to more than 20,000 pounds.

Is there any obvious physical damage? Check for:
• Loose or missing parts
• Missing end stops at each end of a monorail, beam or runway.
These stops prevent the trolley from running off the beam or runway.

Check the hoist chain or wire rope.
• Make sure it is not twisted, kinked or otherwise damaged.
• Make sure that the wire rope is properly seated in its drum and
sheave grooves without any slack or overlapping, and without
laying across groove ridges.

Know the location of the disconnect switch for the hoist or crane. It
should cut power only to the hoist or crane.
Check the areas in which the crane will be operating. Make sure
there are no obstacles or obstructions in the crane’s path.
Some common hoists and cranes are jib cranes, monorails, gantry cranes
and bridge cranes.

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OPERATIONAL TESTS
RIGGING THE LOAD

Operate the crane several feet in each direction it travels:
• Listen for any unusual noises.
• Look for jerky movements.

Check the control station:
• Make sure all buttons are labeled to indicate their function.
• Operate each button to make sure it functions properly and doesn’t stick.
• Make sure that the UP button raises the hook and the DOWN button lowers
the hook. If they, don’t, do not use the hoist. Do not attempt to fix it by
swapping wires in the control station.

Check the upper hoist limit switch by slowly raising the block to trip the
switch.

Lower the hoist block to activate the lower limit switch if the crane is so
equipped, leaving at least one turn of rope on the take-up drum.

Rigging the load involves:
• Determining the weight to be lifted
• Selecting the proper rigging gear
• Using sound practices to secure the load.
DETERMINING LOAD WEIGHT



Check the crane’s lifting capacity. It should be stenciled on both
sides of the hoist.
Determine the weight of the load by checking:
• The manufacturer’s plate attached to it
• Shipping papers it came with
• Any work order
• Design drawings.
Calculate the weight of the load by using a chart for the material
to be lifted.
 If the crane has no lower limit switch, stop the block before it
contacts the floor, leaving at least two turns of rope on the
drum.
 Check the hook. It must have a safety latch that closes the
throat of the hook:
• If the latch is bent, its spring broken or it is otherwise
damaged, the latch must be replaced before the hook can
be used.
• If the latch swings freely across the hook throat, or very nearly
does, then the hook has been stretched and must be
replaced before the hoist can be used.
CAUTION:
NEVER INSTALL A LONGER
LATCH ON A STRETCHED HOOK.
REPLACE THE HOOK.

Newer cranes come equipped with a safety latch hook
designed to operate completely locked closed.

An ANSI warning tag listing many of the above checks
should be located on the control section of the lower
block hook.


Use a dynamometer, preferably one that can be connected to the
hoist.
As a last resort, estimate the weight of the object:
• Compare the load to a similar load with a known weight that you
lifted in the past.
• Get a second estimate from a co-worker.
• Do not exceed 50 percent of the lifting capacity of the crane
when lifting an estimated load.
• Ask your supervisor about the safety regulations for your work area.
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SELECTING PROPER RIGGING GEAR



Select sound rigging gear that is within the safe working load of the
fiber or wire rope being used.
• Most wire rope slings have the safe working load (SWL) scribed on
the end fitting.
• If the SWL is not inscribed on the end fittings, call the manufacturer
or refer to a standards chart for weight load test.
• Fiber slings may have a different label.
• Vertical, choker and basket weight limits are usually sewn on the
inside of the strap.
• If your fiber sling has no SWL label, get a stronger sling that has the
limits inscribed on it.
Inspect wire rope before use.
• Check for evidence of severe kinking, crushing or heat
damage.
• Broken wires are normal on the outside of a strand. But if you
find six or more broken wires within one lay of strand length,
the rope should not be used.
Inspect other fittings to be used.
• Do not use rigging gear with end fittings that are corroded,
cracked, bent or improperly attached.
• If more than one broken wire exists within one lay length of
the end fitting, the sling should not be used.
• Inspect shackles for load-lifting capacity and possible
damage.
• Replace any rope, sling or shackle if you have any doubts
about its fitness for use.
SECURING THE LOAD

Cranes are designed for vertical lifts only. Side-pulling and
in-pulling result in many hoist and crane breakdowns. Such
improper lifting can:
• Bend or break the cable guide
• Jam the wire rope in the hoist housing
• Damage the drum
• Cause the chain or wire rope to break and suddenly
drop the load.

When attaching slings to the load and hoist
hook, pack corners and sharp edges to prevent
cutting or damaging the rope.

Determine the number of slings needed
based on:
• The need to balance the load
• The weight of the load
• Sling angles.

This chart shows how sling angles affect the load
weight put on a sling. As the sling angle decreases, the
weight the sling is holding increases.

When you use more than one sling, or alter the sling angle, a
different stress factor is introduced. This factor varies with the
sling angle and can be checked in a chart provided by your
supervisor. The individual sling load can be calculated to insure
that you do not exceed the SWL. The individual sling load will
always be more than half the weight of the load. Individual sling
loads will differ for basket and choker rigs.

As you can see from the chart on sling angles and loads — the
lower the angle, the higher the load. Be sure your sling angles
always exceed 45 degrees. If your angles are less than 45
degrees, this will put too much tension on the sling, possibly
causing it to fail if the added stress exceeds the SWL.
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LIFTING AND MOVING
FLOOR-OPERATED CRANES AND HOISTS
Lifting and lowering the load can be done safely by paying
attention to what you are doing and by following these simple
safety tips:

When the crane is in position, slowly lower the load, stopping the
hoist block when it is low enough to unhook the slings.

When you’re finished with the crane, raise the block above head
level and place the crane in a designated location.

Jib cranes should be stored against the wall. Use the lower hook
block to swing the boom into place.
SAFETY RULE OF THUMB:
CONDUCT ALL LIFTING OPERATIONS SO THAT
NO ONE WOULD BE INJURED IF THERE WERE AN
EQUIPMENT FAILURE

Make sure that all hands are clear of any potential pinch
points.

For very large loads, make sure that no people are between
the load and a stationary object, because the load could
swing and crush them.

Slowly raise the hoist block to ease slack out of the slings, then
check the load hook to make sure that the slings are fully
seated in its saddle.
CAB-OPERATED CRANES
There may be times when a large capacity cab-operated crane is
needed. You may rig it, but this crane must be operated by a certified
crane operator.
 The operating pointers you’ve read in this handbook still apply, but
now you will have to signal to the crane operator what it is you want
done.

You should use the standard set of hand signals that can be found in
the ANSI B30 standards manual.

Slowly lift the load just a few inches, to minimize any swinging.
Check your rigging job. If you notice slippage, ABORT THE
LIFT!

If everything is okay, lift the load in one smooth motion, high
enough to clear all obstructions. Then push the load to the
desired location.
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SUMMARY
By now, you should know how to inspect the crane, rig the load and safely
move it to its desired location. But simply knowing everything you’re supposed
to do when operating cranes isn’t enough. Knowledge alone won’t prevent
accidents caused by carelessness or inattention, and excuses after the fact
won’t take away the pain of injury or the cost of damaged equipment.
REVIEW
There are several elements of safe crane operation you should be familiar
with.
INSPECTION
 A visual inspection of the crane should include looking for tags, such as
DANGER or other certification tags.
 You should also look for any obvious physical damage, and check the
hoist chain or rope for wear and damage.
OPERATIONAL TEST
 Following the visual inspection, an operational test should be done.
 Operate the crane several feet in each direction.
 Check the control station making sure all buttons function as labelled and
do not stick.
 Insure that the upper hoist limit switch works, and check the hook for
properly functioning safety latch.
IMPORTANT SAFETY PRACTICES

Don’t abuse the controls by jogging them unnecessarily. This only
shortens the life of the hoist or crane.

Don’t use the pendant control station to swing the jib boom in place.

Don’t leave a suspended load unattended.

Don’t pass a load over coworkers or allow anyone to walk
under the load.

Don’t pull a load. You can’t watch the load and see where
you are going.

Don’t allow yourself to be distracted.

Don’t allow unused slings or rope to remain on the hook.
They can inadvertently snag other objects when the crane is
moving.

Don’t leave the hoist block low enough for someone to hit it.

Never operate a radio control transmitter unless you can see
the load and the entire crane.
RIGGING
 In order to rig the load safely, the weight of the load must be determined,
the proper rigging gear selected and the load secured.
 Check wires for SWL inscribed on end fittings.
 If the wire contains six or more broken strands within one lay of strand, do
not use it. If more than one broken strand is found within one lay length of
the end fitting, do not use the sling,
LIFTING AND MOVING
 Don’t forget that cranes are designed for vertical lifts only.
 Before lifting, make sure there is no one between the load and any other
object. Raise the load slowly to take the slack out of the slings. After
checking that everything is secure, lift in one smooth motion clear of all
obstructions.
 When lifting is complete and the load is safely deposited, raise the block
above head level. Jib cranes should be stored against the wall.
Source info: Coastal Safety and Environmental handbook
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I ssue 3 , Volume 7 , 2 0 1 4
Book Description
Publication Date: February 21, 2013 | ISBN-10: 0314608702 |
ISBN-13: 978-0314608703
Occupational Safety and Health Law focuses on general
legal doctrine and practical considerations of the
Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA). It covers the
scope of the act, duties under the act, enforcement,
adjudication, and OSHA-related litigation. You will find
discussions on: Laws and regulations; Enforcement standard;
Duties and rights of employers and employee; Defenses;
Prehearing and hearing procedures and Appellate review.
The volume refers detailed research to the standards index in
OSHA Reporter, (BNA) or Employment Safety and Health
Guide (CCH). Appendixes include: Glossary of abbreviations
and acronyms; Statutes; Act sections of the United States
Code Conversion Tabl; Text of the 1970 OSHA Commission
procedural rules; and Freedom of Information Act regulations
.
Product Details
Product Details
•Paperback: 1118 pages
•Publisher: Thomson West (February 21, 2013)
•Language: English
•ISBN-10: 0314608702
•ISBN-13: 978-0314608703
•Product Dimensions: 9.8 x 6.5 x 1.8 inches
•Shipping Weight: 3 pounds (View shipping rates and
policies)
•Average Customer Review: Be the first to review this item
•Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #2,936,495 in Books (See Top 100
in Books)
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**Book for reference only : More details of this book, please refer NIOSH Library and to
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9
I ssue 3 , Volume 7 , 2 0 1 4
Headline
Publication
Date
Page
Byline / Author
:
:
:
:
:
‘Saya lulusan universiti masyarakat’
Metro Ahad
09/02/2014
48-49
Oleh Aniza Zainudin
10
I ssue 3 , Volume 7 , 2 0 1 4
Headline
: Mati dalam terowong harta karun
Publication
: Kosmo
Date of publication: Feb 4, 2014
Page number
: 01& 03
Byline / Author
: Oleh Muller Asen
11
I ssue 3 , Volume 7 , 2 0 1 4
Headline
: Keperluan sistem kerja selamat pengendali kren
Publication
: Utusan Malaysia
Date of publication: Feb 6, 2014
Page number
: 10
Byline / Author
: Tan Sri Lee Lam Thye
12
I ssue 3 , Volume 7 , 2 0 1 4
Headline
: Lam Thye: Keep construction sites clean
Publication
: New Straits Times
Date of publication: Feb 02, 2014
Page number
: 014
Headline
:
Publication
:
Date of publication:
Page number
:
2 die in treasure hunt
New Straits Times
Feb 04, 2014
019
13
I ssue 3 , Volume 7 , 2 0 1 4
Headline
: Lam Thye syor kerajaan utamakan kesihatan mental
Publication
: Berita Harian
Date of publication: Feb 02, 2014
Page number
: 021
Headline
:
Publication
:
Date of publication:
Page number
:
Address mental health stigma
The Star
Feb 6, 2014
033
14