CAPTAIN DAVE`S - Newport

CAPTAIN DAVE’S
RACE TO KNOWLEDGE
{GEOGRAPHY & HISTORY}
We’re excited to be sailing in seas that flow along the
most interesting GEOGRAPHY in the world. Just as the
ocean tells us stories, so do the mountains, coves, and
islands of the ATLANTIC “CUP” COAST. As we explore
water and land and how they INTERACT, we gain respect
for the world around us. As we learn about the HISTORY
of the land, we gain respect for those who explored
before us.
The Atlantic Cup crew needs your help to understand the lands
we will sail past. Come onboard!
MAPS ARE FUN!
Get out your pencil (or pen, if you are confident)! Answer
the questions and then mark the locations on the map.
1.
The race starts in Charleston.
Which state is Charleston in?
We finish the first leg in New York City.
2. Which state is that city in?
Can you name the nearby barrier island?
3. How many states are between these two?
Can you name them?
When the race finishes in Newport, what state will
4. we be in? Why is this state unique in the United States?
Where was America’s first permanent English colony?
5. Do you know what year it was founded?
HINT: It was 13 years before the Pilgrims landed.
Where is the Graveyard of the Atlantic?
6. Why do they call it that?
Where does the Gulf Stream flow?
7.
Which way is north on the map?
Which way is east?
Atlantic Cup - May 2014
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CAPTAIN DAVE’S
RACE TO KNOWLEDGE
{GEOGRAPHY & HISTORY}
Cape Hatteras Lighthouse
Lighthouses are important tools for sailors. We rely
on them to show us where dangerous waters or
hazards are. The lighthouse at Cape Hatteras is
one of the most famous ones. It marks the 12-­mile
long sandbar called Diamond Shoals that lies just
off the eastern coast of the United States.
During the Civil War, the lighthouse served as a
lookout post for the Confederate Army. When
the Confederates were driven back, they
removed the lighting system so the Union soldiers
would not be able to use the lighthouse.
two great ocean currents meet at
Q: Which
Q:
Cape Hatteras? What geographic feature
does that create?
Cape Hatteras is America’s tallest lighthouse.
How tall is it? How far does its light shine?
were some famous PIRATES who sailed up and down this coast.
Q: There
Can you name the most well-­known pirate? HINT: He was known for his
beard.
Q: Do you think pirates buried their treasures near where we are going?
Where would you look for buried treasures?
One of the most memorable times in the Atlantic
Cup race is when we sail into New York Harbor
and see the Statue of Liberty. What a thrill!
Atlantic Cup -­ May 2014
Q:
How many people live in the Metropolitan area of New
York City?
Q:
TRUE or FALSE? New York City is the largest city in the
United States.
Q:
Do you have any idea how many languages are
spoken by the many people living in New York?
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CAPTAIN DAVE’S
RACE TO KNOWLEDGE
{GLOSSARY}
As we begin our Expedition, there are a lot of words that may
be new to you. No matter how you follow the Atlantic Cup,
we want you to understand the terms you are seeing and
hearing. Below are a list of common words the Atlantic Cup
teams need to know when sailing.
The Atlantic Cup crew wants you to be word smart. Come onboard!
-AArid Desert
Alternator
Amazon
Very dry climate or desert area that gets very little rain.
A piece of equipment that is attached to and run by the engine onboard
the boat to generate electricity to rechargethe batteries, which provide
electricity for lights and navigation.
The largest river in the world, which runs thru the heart of Brazil and empties
into the Atlantic Ocean.
-BBaja Peninsula
Boat Lines
Breeding Grounds
A finger of land that extends southward from near the California and Mexico
border and separates the Gulf of California or Sea of Cortez from the Pacific
Ocean.
Refers to the design of a boat and the shape of the hull. For instance, someone
might say, “The boat has very nice lines.” Meaning it has a very pleasing look to
her design.
A particular area in the wilderness where animals have their babies.
-CCactus and Brush
Types of plants you would find in an arid desert environment. These are plants
that do not require much water to stay alive.
Captain
The person in charge of a sailing ship, just as you hear someone referred to as
the Captain of an airplane, sports team, or police department. These are the
leaders of an effort or organization.
Class 40 Racing
Sailboat
Coffee Grinder
Competitor
Atlantic Cup - May 2014
A specific design of a racing sailboat such as Bodacious Dream. The boat is
40-feet-long, has certain restrictions to its width, height, weight and sail area.
A particular type of winch on a boat to handle heavy loads on lines. It looks like
bicycle pedals you operate with your hands and arms.
A member of a team or an individual person who is playing in a game or sport.
“Tom is a competitor in the sail boat race.”
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CAPTAIN DAVE’S
RACE TO KNOWLEDGE
{GLOSSARY}
Continent
A large mass of land you would see on a globe or map of the world. North
America, South America, Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia, and Antarctica are all
continents.
-­D-­
Dehydrated
Something that has less water in it that is intended. A person can be dehydrated
because they have not drunk enough water. Dehydrated food, like dried fruit or
beef jerky, is dried on purpose to preserve it.
-­E-­
Environment
The world around us. Environment is a word used to describe the area and
space in which we live or function.
Expedition
A trip that involves some exploration and investigation of interesting areas.
Exploration
To look carefully at and discover new and interesting things.
-­F-­
Fahrenheit
Freeze Dried
A measure of temperature. Celsius is the metric measurement.
Term used to describe food that has been dried out (dehydrated) for preserva-­
tion. It does not weigh as much and does not need to be refrigerated, so it is
perfect to take onboard the sailboat. We rehydrate it by adding water, which
turns it back into edible food.
-­G-­
Galley
Gargantuan
Geology
Great Lakes
The kitchen of a boat.
Really big!
The makeup of rocks, mountains and earth.
There are five major lakes in the north central part of the United States that are
tied together. These are considered the Great Lakes: Lake Superior, Lake Michi-­
gan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie, and Lake Ontario.
-­H-­
Head
History
Hobie Cat
The bathroom on a boat.
The documentation or record of what happened in the past.
The name for a type of sailing boat. It has two long, narrow hulls and sails
very fast.
-­L-­
Lake Michigan
Atlantic Cup -­ May 2014
One of the Great Lakes and the lake Dave Rearick learned to sail on.
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CAPTAIN DAVE’S
RACE TO KNOWLEDGE
{GLOSSARY}
Lines
Loads/Forces
On a boat, lines refer to the ropes on the boat. Sometimes, a boat’s lines refers
to her design.
When something is hard to pull or push. The power of a hard pull is called the
load. The power of a hard push is called the force.
-­M-­
Maritime
Migration
Refers to things that deal with boats and water.
The seasonal movement of animals in the winter from cold weather to warmer
weather, or in summer from warmth to cooler climates.
-­N-­
Navigation
The work involved in finding your way where you want to go. When you get off
the bus and walk down the road to your house, you are navigating the road to
your house.
-­P-­
Peninsula
Population
Pulling Boat
A strip of land that is bordered by water on three sides. Baja California is a
peninsula and Florida is, too. They can be big or small.
The people who live in a particular area.
A boat that was used for catching whales in the 1800s. It is open and uses oars
to move it.
-­R-­
Route
This would be the same as a path, or road, or sidewalk. “He took the route past
the store to get home.
-­S-­
Satellite
Communication:
Talking on a phone that sends a signal up to a satellite and back down to earth.
Schooner
A type of boat used a long time ago to move lumber and coal across the water.
Siblings
Brothers and sisters.
Sol Fish
A very interesting and odd fish. It looks like a round saucer with two fins to help it
move. It is often seen laying on the surface of the water soaking up the sun.
Single Handed Sailing
Spine
Atlantic Cup -­ May 2014
Sailing a boat by yourself.
The main, center support of your back. Sometimes the word is used to refer to a
line of mountains that run down the center of a peninsula.
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CAPTAIN DAVE’S
RACE TO KNOWLEDGE
{GLOSSARY}
Sunfish
A small boat that sails with just one or two kids. It has a triangular sail.
-­W-­
Winches
Parts of a Sailboat
Atlantic Cup -­ May 2014
A piece of equipment we use to pull in lines that have heavy loads. You put a
handle in the center of the winch to turn it. It uses gears to make the winch turn
and pull in the line.
http://gulfportyachtclub.webs.com/PartsoftheBoat.jpg
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CAPTAIN DAVE’S
RACE TO KNOWLEDGE
{MATH}
Almost without knowing, we use MATH in so many ways in our daily lives. We
use it to FIGURE out if we have enough money to pay for things at the store
or to DECIDE what time we have to leave home to get to soccer practice
on time. Onboard Bodacious Dream, we use math to keep TRACK of where
we are, where we’re headed, and when we’ll get there. And, we use it to
CALCULATE if we have enough food, cookies, and water onboard. All these
things are important to help us travel safely from one harbor to another.
The Atlantic Cup crew needs your help to navigate from one
place to another. Come onboard!
The Atlantic Cup teams will travel thru the water at 7 miles per hour. We want
to travel non-stop to New York City, which is 642 miles north of where we’ll
begin the race in Charleston, South Carolina. Here are the questions we have
to ask before we leave. Can you help us find the answers?
Q:
How many HOURS will it take us to get to New York City?
__________ ÷ __________ = __________ hours
Q:
How many DAYS will that be?
__________ ÷ __________ = __________ days
If we leave at 2:00 in the afternoon on Saturday, May
11th when will we arrive in New York City?
Q:
Q:
What DAY will we arrive?
_______________________________________
What TIME will we arrive? ________________ a.m. or p.m.?
We plan to leave New York City on Saturday, May 18th at 2:00 p.m.
The trip to Newport, Rhode Island is 231 miles. Remember we are
sailing at 7 miles per hour. When will we get to Newport?
Q:
What DAY will we arrive?
____________________________________________
Q:
What TIME will we arrive? ________________ a.m. or p.m.?
Q:
How LONG did it actually take
us and how FAST did we sail?
LEG
MILES
Charleston to New York
New York to Newport
Atlantic Cup - May 2014
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HOURS
÷
÷
MILES PER HOUR
=
=
CAPTAIN DAVE’S
RACE TO KNOWLEDGE
{MATH}
The Atlantic Cup has TWO offshore legs — Charleston to New York and New
York to Newport — and several inshore races — in Newport.
Q:
How many miles will the Atlantic Cup teams race OFFSHORE?
_________ + _________ = _________ miles
Q:
How many DAYS will we be offshore?
__________ + __________ = __________ days
This time there will be just two crewmembers during
the two off-­ shore races. We will work in 4 hour shifts
we call “watches.”
Q:
How many WATCHES are there in a DAY?
__________ ÷ __________ = __________ watches
Q:
If watches start when we leave Charleston at
2:00 in the afternoon, tell us what TIME each
watch will begin.
WATCH
And now, for the most IMPORTANT calcu-­
lation of the trip: I like Chocolate Chip
cookies because I’m allergic to peanuts.
I only eat two cookies a day so I won’t
gain weight.
How many COOKIES will I need to have
onboard for the trip?
_______________
If there are 28 cookies in a package, AND
I was nice enough to share them with my
co-­skipper, how many cookies could we
each eat every day if we had one pack-­
age onboard?
_______________
START TIME
BONUS QUESTIONS!
1
A KNOT is a nautical mile figured out to 6000
feet to work with the latitude and longitude
system of navigation. A STATUTE MILE is 5280
feet and is used to measure distance on land.
Q:
Q:
Q:
Atlantic Cup -­ May 2014
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How many miles per hour is 7 knots of
boat speed?
How many offshore miles will we sail
(distances are in nautical miles)?
How many miles would that be by car?
CAPTAIN DAVE’S
RACE TO KNOWLEDGE
{ENVIRONMENT}
Environment is the word we use to describe the WEATHER — air, rain, winds
— or the LIVING CONDITIONS in an area. It’s important to understand the
environment so we can learn how to PROTECT it. It’s also important to
know WHAT TO EXPECT from the environmental conditions so we will be
prepared to make good DECISIONS. On this Expedition, we’ll be exploring
the Atlantic “Cup” coast, including the Gulf Stream and the Barrier Islands.
It’s okay to ask an older brother or sister, teacher or adult guide to help
you figure out the answers to these questions.
The Atlantic Cup crew needs your help to understand the Atlantic
coastal environment. Come onboard!
Q:
The GULF STREAM is a powerful, warm, and swift Atlantic
Ocean current that originates at the tip of Florida and
follows the eastern coastlines of the United States and
Newfoundland before crossing the Atlantic Ocean.
Q:
How FAST does the Gulf Stream move?
Q:
__________
If we just floated in the Gulf Stream for 10 hours, how far
would we travel with the current at 4 miles?
__________ × __________ = __________ miles
Barrier islands are narrow, long, islands of sand or sediment that parallel the coastline. Some
barrier islands extend for 100 miles. The islands are separated from the mainland by a shallow
SOUND, BAY or LAGOON. These islands are often found in chains along the coast. Tidal INLETS
separate one island from another, such as in the Outer Banks of North Carolina.
Q: What makes up a barrier island?
Atlantic Cup - May 2014
Sand
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Rocks
Dirt
Lava
CAPTAIN DAVE’S
RACE TO KNOWLEDGE
{ENVIRONMENT}
Barrier islands have very important functions
along the coastline.
Q:
Can you name two of them?
1
2
Q:
If you lived on a barrier island, how might the weather and the environment be different than what
you would experience if you lived on the mainland?
Q:
What types of ANIMALS might you find in a salt
marsh? Can you name these?
A
D
B
E
C
F
Q:
What organisms are the smallest ones in the food chain?
Q:
What do they eat?
BONUS QUESTIONS!
Q:
Which barrier island is the world’s longest?
Q:
Which barrier island is the largest in the United States?
Q:
Which barrier island is home to many wild ponies?
Atlantic Cup -­ May 2014
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CAPTAIN DAVE’S
RACE TO KNOWLEDGE
{WILDLIFE}
All sorts of animals, fish and wildlife live in the oceans. We hope to see
some of these and will need your help to identify them. We’ll share with
you the amazing animals, fish and wildlife we see on the trip. You can test
your memory... what interesting facts can you remember from our stories?
The Atlantic Cup crew needs help to identify the various creatures we will see. Come onboard!
We expect to see different kinds of sea
mammals like whales, dolphins, and
seals along with birds, fish, turtles, and
other interesting animals. Here are
some of the whales we may see.
Draw a line from the picture to the correct description.
Blue Whale: The biggest whale has a broad, flat head
and a long, tapered body that ends in wide, triangular
flukes. Its tongue weighs as much as an elephant and its
heart as much as your car, but it can swim as fast as 20
miles per hour!
Humpback Whale: The most often seen whale has long
flippers that have knobs on the leading edge, and butterfly-shaped tail flukes. It is known for its magical songs, a
sequence of moans, howls, cries, and other noises. And it
can live for 95 years!
Fin Whale: A tight tall blow distinguishes this whale. Others
usually have a bushy spout. They are the second largest
whale, often 90 feet long, and have unusual coloring —
the right side of their jaw is white, the left is black. Very fast
swimmers, they are called the “greyhound of the sea.”
Sperm Whale: Like Moby Dick, this whale has a massive
head and prominent forehead, and flukes that are broad
and triangular, resembling a ginkgo-leaf. Its brain is the
largest of any animal and its tail can be 16 feet from tip to
tip. It can hold its breath for 90 minutes!
Orca Whale: This “killer whale” earned its name because
it tries to tip pieces of ice and dump seals and penguins
into the water. There are more orcas than any other
animal on earth (except humans). They can be 30 feet
long with a 6-foot tall fin.
Atlantic Cup - May 2014
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CAPTAIN DAVE’S
RACE TO KNOWLEDGE
{WILDLIFE}
Man-­of-­War: This really interesting creature
lives in the warm gulf stream waters.
Although it looks like a jellyfish, it is actually
several organisms working together. The
top part is a gas-­filled bladder (or bubble)
that floats on the water. It looks sort of like
an old warship at full sail... or a plastic
bottle, which is why the Man-­of-­War’s
nickname is “bluebottle.” Dangling below
this floating bubble are very long tentacles
– 30 feet to as long as 165 feet. The tenta-­
cles are poisonous, and their sting kills fish.
They won’t kill us, but we still don’t want to
get very close to them! Seeing these in the
water means we are in the gulf stream.
Atlantic Cup -­ May 2014
Mahi Mahi (Dorado): These fish have a strange
shape with a very broad head, but they are amaz-­
ingly colorful! They often look for food that hides or
lives in and around large clumps of sargassum
seaweed drifting in the Gulf Stream.
Bottle Nose Dolphin: Elongated upper and lower jaws
form their snout, which gives the animal its common
name. The real, functional, nose is the blowhole on
top of its head just like the larger whales. These
animals are very smart and fun to watch. You see
them in aquariums doing tricks and stunts, but we
believe they are one of the most advanced and
intelligent animals on the earth. They use a clicking
sound as a locator, much like sonar. They send out a
click and wait to hear the echo in return to determine
the location of other fish and objects. They also use
other sounds and whistles to communicate with each
other. They love to follow and jump in the wakes of
boats, and always bring a happy smile to sailors.
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CAPTAIN DAVE’S
RACE TO KNOWLEDGE
{WILDLIFE}
Sargassum Seaweed: Often called “gulfweed,” floating seaweed provides nutrients
and life for small ecosystems of fish and marine organisms. It harbors smaller fish,
which attracts the larger ones. The moving tide of the ocean causes this free float-­
ing seagrass to collect in a “tide line” on the water surface where currents meet up
with faster or slower moving water. You can see this in the picture on the right;; lines
can stretch for miles, and help us find currents and fish. The Atlantic Cup teams will
sail along the western edge of what is known as the Sargasso Sea, which covers a
large portion of the middle Atlantic Ocean. The seaweed is named for this sea.
Q:
What kinds of creatures live in the Sargassum?
Mahi mahi
Sea turtles
Lizards
Mermaids
Shrimp-­like creatures
Q:
Q:
What characteristics do you think make the Sargassum Fish
(in the picture to the left) fit in with the Sargassum seaweed?
What purpose do the small white balls in Sargassum serve?
a. To decorate the seaweed
b. To help it float
Atlantic Cup -­ May 2014
Dolphins
Sea slugs
Birds
Mice
Crabs
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c. To provide food for fish
d. To hold it together