Report Staff Exchange Dr. Daniela Scherz in Stockholm 20-28

Transcription

Report Staff Exchange
Dr. Daniela Scherz in Stockholm 20-28th of April, 2013
at the Cultural Heritage Department of the Stockholm City Museum
Introduction:
One of the main issues of Co2olBricks is the transfer of knowledge between the partners; and to
achieve that goal different ways were chosen. Therefore within the duration period of the project,
work group meetings, workshops, seminars and congresses were organised in every participating
country. For each event a special topic was selected in order to work on the respective project goals.
Another way was the opportunity for all project partners doing a staff exchange in one of the
participating countries. The idea was getting more detailed knowledge of the daily work – especially
dealing with heritage preservation in different fields – when working close together for one week.
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Part-financed by the European Union
(European Regional Development Fund
and European Neighbourhood and
Partnership Instrument)
Saturday 20th
Visit the World Heritage Sites Gamla Stan with Kungliga Slottet and Djurgården with Skansen
Gamla Stan is located in the middle of Stockholm and one of the largest and best preserved medieval city
centers in Europe; this is where Stockholm was founded in 1252. Most buildings are from the 17th and 18th
century and about 3,000 people are living there today. The whole area is under heritage protection.
Kungliga Slottet is as the Royal Palace the official residence of His Majesty the King of Sweden. It is the largest
palace in Europe and offers 600 rooms. The Palace was largely built during the 18th century in the Italian
Baroque style, on the spot where the former “Tre Kronor” castle burned down in 1697. It is open to the public
now and offers five museums.
More information: http://www.visitstockholm.com/en/To-Do/Attractions/gamla-stan and
http://www.visitstockholm.com/en/To-Do/Attractions/the-royal-palace
Skansen consists of the oldest open-air museum in the world and the Stockholm zoo located on the island
Royal Djurgården. On this place it is possible to visit historic Sweden in miniature. Around 150 farmhouses and
dwellings from different parts of the country were disassembled and transported here and all visitors can learn
a lot about the history of Sweden in architecture and urban planning as well as about traditional crafts and
traditions in general. Besides Skansen there are also some others of Stockholm’s main museums on Royal
Djurgården like the famous Vasa Museum or Waldemarsudde where you can find collections of Scandinavian
paintings and sculptures from the period around 1900. Royal Djurgården is also a national Swedish city park
and a mix of parkland and forest with both canal and harbour sides.
More information: http://www.visitstockholm.com/en/To-Do/Attractions/skansen-open-air-museum and
http://www.visitstockholm.com/en/To-Do/Attractions/?t=Djurg%25c3%25a5rden
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Sunday 21st
Visit to Drottningholms slott and the Drottningholms slottsteater
Drottningholm slot is Sweden's best preserved royal palace constructed in the 17th century and the permanent
residence of the royal family since 1981. In 1991 it was the first Swedish attraction put on UNESCO’s list of World
Heritage Sites, together with the Chinese Pavilion, the palace theatre and the grand palace park. The palace was
constructed according to a French prototype by the architect Nicodemus Tessin the Elder and features nowadays
unique salons from the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. The surrounding Baroque Garden was laid out beginning in
1681 according to drawings by Nicodemus Tessin the Younger and went on with different types of garden styles.
Drottningholms slottsteater is located next to the palace and is one of the best preserved 18th century theatre
in Europe, and the only one in the world that is still using the original stage machinery on a regular basis.
More Information: http://www.visitstockholm.com/en/To-Do/Attractions/drottningholm-palace and
http://www.dtm.se/eng
Monday 22nd
Office work in the Stockholm City Museum at the Heritage Department and excursion to Gasverket i Värtan
09:00 – 12:00 Welcoming, introduction and starting office work in the Heritage Department
Venue: Stockholm City Museum, Metro Station: Slussen
The first day at the office started with working in the documentary room and museum on the topic “History of
Stockholm” and went on with visiting a current excavation right outside. The excavation revealed several layers
of the historic Stockholm and the findings include cobblestone streets from the 18th and 16th century, ceramics
and coins so far. The building itself was completed in 1685 and in the 1930s the museum moved in and opened
to the public in 1942. It is the largest municipal museum in Sweden and houses collections which includes
300,000 items of historical interest, 20,000 works of art and 3 million photographs. One of the museum's units is
the Cultural Heritage Department. This is the City of Stockholm's cultural historical authority in relation to city
planning proposals, building conversion, demolitions and other changes to the city's visual appearance.
More information: http://www.stadsmuseum.stockholm.se
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13:00 – 16:30 Visit to Gasverket i Värtan with Per Andersson from the City Development Administration of
Stockholm together with a delegation of Kiinko Real Estate Education (Finnland)
Venue: Gasverket, bus nr 55 direction: Ropsten
The Old Gasworks (Gasverket i Värtan) is crucial to the development of Stockholm Royal Seaport – a new
environmental urban district. Here plans are under way to build about 12,000 new homes and create 35,000 new
jobs. The development will largely take place in areas previously used for port operations and industry. In addition
to new homes and workplaces, the port's operations will be modernised and concentrated on the piers, while
container and oil handling will be moved elsewhere. The project is part of the City's vision of a world-class
Stockholm by 2030, as set out in the Stockholm City Plan - A Walkable City. By 2020 over 6,000 homes will have
been built for 15,000 new residents. The overall objective is a climate-adapted and fossil fuel-free urban district by
2030, in which carbon dioxide emissions are lower than 1.5 tonnes per person per year by 2020.
One important part of the area is the gasworks with around 30 buildings and 29,000 m². The industrial and
urban character of it, which is of major architectural and historic value, is unique in Sweden. After more than
100 years of operation, gas production ceased here in 2011. The City has since taken over it and is currently
trying to transform it from a closed down industry to a living urban environment that the area's architectural
and historical value is retained. In that process also the project Co2olBricks were involved in finding ideas and
aid. Currently one of the gas holders is planned for using a stage for international guest performers, while a
school, a pre-school and the Stockholm Transport Museum will move into other buildings.
More information: http://bygg.stockholm.se/gasverket and http://www.stockholmroyalseaport.com/en/ and
http://www.stockholmroyalseaport.com/en/srs/gaswork-artwork
Tuesday 23rd
Excursion to Hållbara Järva/Sustainable Järva and Stockholm’s City Hall
10:00 – 12:30 Hållbara Järva/Sustainable Järva with Lisa Enarsson from the Environment and Health
Administration of Stockholm together with a delegation of Kiinko Real Estate Education
Venue: Husby & Akalla. Metro station: Husby.
The City of Stockholm has high ambitions with regard to its endeavours to improve the efficiency of energy use
and reduce carbon dioxide emissions in conjunction with the renovation of the existing property stock.
One third of the homes in Sweden were built as a part of the Million Homes Programme in the 1960s and 70s
and more than 200 million Europeans live in similar properties. Often these buildings are in bad condition,
especially regarding the energy consumption, and often the areas have also social problems. To learn about
from good examples a pilot project was chosen – the five-year Sustainable Järva. Main issue was to conduct an
intensive dialogue with residents in seven apartment blocks (350 homes) to find together a way to improve
energy efficiency. The project also includes a broad commitment to invest in sustainable transport, promote and
train cycling, and inform and educate local residents on climate and environmental issues. The Royal Institute of
Technology is monitoring the entire project to evaluate it from a technical and behavioural science perspective
and at the end (in 2014) a manual will present the results of the various construction methods and explain how
different aspects of the project have been carried out.
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More information: http://www.stockholm.se/hallbarajarva
14:00 – 17:00 Energy efficiency and real estate management, Green Building certification and visit to on-going
energy projects, such as City Hall, City Library etc. with Tommy Waldnert from the Real Estate
Administration of Stockholm together with a delegation of Kiinko Real Estate Education
Venue: Real Estate administration & City Hall. Bus stop: City Hall/Stadshuset Bus nr 3, 62
The City Hall is the building of the Municipal Council for the City of Stockholm in Sweden. It stands on the
eastern tip of Kungsholmen Island, located on a very important spot on the waterfront of Stockholm as one of
the town’s landmarks. It is one of Sweden’s foremost examples of “national romanticism” and was inaugurated
on Midsummer’s Eve in 1923, after twelve years of construction overseen by architect Ragnar Östberg. More
than 8 million bricks were used and the City Hall Tower is topped by three golden crowns and rises 106 meters
high. The whole building houses offices and conference rooms as well as ceremonial halls, like the blue hall for
celebrating the Nobel Prize winners, and a luxury restaurant in the basement.
The Real Estate Administration of Stockholm is taking care of the public buildings and has to establish a strategy
for energy efficiency. The aim is till the end of 2015 to cut carbon dioxide emissions by 12.5% and reducing heat
usage in the properties by 30%. The property portfolio included also a big number of protected buildings such as
City Hall. All buildings have to be analysed and classified first from an environmental aspect. Implementing of
energy saving measures, monitoring and training tenants/users are the next steps. The first experiences have
already shown that the chosen way is successful in general. The City Hall for example is mainly concentrating to
improve energy performance on using the Green IT and for example controlling heating, ventilation and lighting
in line with tenant requirements. Another challenge was finding an energy efficient light source that looks
similar to the chandelier bulbs, providing the same clear glass and warm light and emits an adequate amount of
light. By introducing 126 LED lamps the power has already been slashed by 92.5%. With all measures done so far
the City Hall is saving around 20,000 kWh per year.
More information: http://international.stockholm.se/City-Hall/Facts-and-history and
http://www.stockholm.se/OmStockholm/Stadens-klimatarbete
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Wednesday 24th
Excursion to on-going refurbishing projects, protected urban areas and a historic woodland cemetery
09:00-12:00
Visit to on-going refurbishing projects with Daniel Edenborgh together with a delegation of
Kiinko Real Estate Education
Concerning the issues the day before we visited different protected buildings in Södermalm guided by Daniel
Edenborgh from Stadsholmen. This is a city owned real estate and housing company specialised in historical
buildings, and dealing also with all protected buildings concerning building works and monitoring. It owns about
280 pieces of real estate with around 1,650 residential buildings; several of them have the highest heritage
protection.
More information: http://www.stadsholmen.se
13:00 – 17:00 Visiting historic urban areas as Östermalm, Skeppsholmen and Kastellholmen
Skeppsholmen and Kastellholmen are part of the many islands of Stockholm. Positioned strategically at the
Baltic Sea entrance to Stockholm, it has traditionally been the location of several military buildings. Today at
Skeppsholmen the military presence is low and several museums can be found there instead, such as the
Museum of Modern Art, or the architectural museum.
Kastellholmen has a small castle, Kastellet, which was built by Fredrik Blom in in 1848, with a round tower made
of red brick walls and a 20 meter high stair tower.
Östermalm is a district in the north of Skeppsholmen and associated among many things with the exclusive
residential quarters such as Strandvägen. One of the famous historic buildings is the Market Hall called
Östermalmshallen, built in 1888, in only 6 month as a perfect combination of a castle and a greenhouse of
impressive dimensions with red brick. First the building was mostly empty. Just after the City of Stockholm
purchased the building in 1914, a bureaucratic finesse – with hygienic arguments as a basis – a “market trade
ban ‘for the lively trade in the square outside made the traders moved in and immediately the business grew
and nowadays it is still well known for selling local produce and fine foods from all over the world.
More information: http://www.visitstockholm.com and http://www.ostermalmshallen.se/en
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18:00 – 20:00 Guided tour with Hanna Gardstedt from the Heritage Department of the Stockholm City
Museum at the Woodland North Burial Ground (Norra Begravningsplatsen) with Solna Kyrka
Venue: Solna kyrkogård, Bus stop: karolinska sjukhuset, Bus nr. 3
In the start of the 19th century the discussion about burring people inside the city walls was rising up. First
reason was that there were no more space any longer on the existing burial grounds and second concerning the
on-going studies of bacteria and disease transmission between humans the inhabitants of the town have to be
protected getting ill. Therefore the Woodland Northern Burial Ground was opened in June 1827. In case of the
long use it shows many different cultural and religious ways burring people readable in the graves and churches.
One of the most famous churches is telling a long history - the medieval Solna Kyrka – built first especially for
defence purposes - a Romanesque fortress church made of stone. It is a round church and the oldest part, the
roundhouse, originates from the late 12th century.
More information: http://www.spottinghistory.com/view/705/solna-church and
http://www.stockholm.se/FamiljOmsorg/Begravning-och-kyrkogardar/Kyrkogardar-ochbegravningsplatser/Stockholms-begravningsplatser1/Norra-begravningsplatsen
Thursday 25th
Office meeting and excursion to protected urban and woodland areas
09:00-12:00
Office meeting at the Cultural Heritage Department
Venue: Stockholm City Museum, Ryssgarden (Slussen)
The main topics of that weekly office meeting were some urban development projects in the suburbs of
Stockholm and the office excursion to Berlin at the end of May. Furthermore a discussion took place about some
different ideas/plans for the new metro line from north to south (passing Gamla Stan). Especially touching the
fragile underground and the needed station buildings are causing a lot of problems in some of the highest
heritage protected areas in the inner part of Stockholm.
More information: http://www.stadsmuseum.stockholm.se/kma.php?sprak=english
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13:00-16:00
Green cultural heritage as a part of a sustainable city with Klara Johansson from the Stockholm
City Museum
Venue: Bandhagen and Trollesundsskogen, Metro station: Bandhagen
Bandhagen is a suburban district in the south of Stockholm with around 5,500 inhabitants living in different
building types, from terraced houses to multi storey dwellings. The urban quartier for workers was growing up
very fast in the 1950th and therefore a new centre around the metro station was built in 1954. Today
urbanisation is grasping that area close to the centre of Stockholm. But all upcoming development plans have to
be discussed with the Heritage Department because some parts are under protection itself and others are
touching the protected skyline of Stockholm or protected woodlands.
More information: http://www.stadsmuseum.stockholm.se/kma.php?kategori=21&sprak=svenska
Friday 26th
Visit to on-going archaeological excavation and Slussen and excursion to protected urban areas
09:00 – 10:00 Visit to on-going archaeological excavation in Gamla stan with Elisabet Wannberg from the
Stockholm City Museum
In one of the on-going excavations in Gamla stan a documentation of the actual discovery – a historical floating
pile foundation from the medieval time – was done together with an photographer. Pile foundations are part of
the construction of buildings. They are used to carry and transfer the load of the structure to the bearing ground
located at some depth below ground surface avoiding shallow soil of low bearing capacity. The main
components of that kind of foundation are the pile cap and the piles. Normally they are made of wood, steel or
concrete. Piles made from these materials are driven, drilled or jacked into the ground and connected to pile
caps. In the early days of civilisation timber piles were driven in to the ground by hand or holes were dug and
filled with sand and stones – as found in that excavation. Steel piles have been used since 1800 and concrete
piles since about 1900.
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10:00 – 12:00 Working on the issue history of multi-storey dwellings at the documentary room and library at
the Stockholm City Museum
13:00 – 15:00 Guided tour about Slussen and the Slussen project with Tomas Örn from the Stockholm City
Museum
In the centuries up to the 17th century the differences in level between the Lake Mälaren with the Baltic Sea
made it increasingly difficult to pass and therefore the first lock was built here in 1642. In the 1860s rail traffic
started crossing the locks and in the ensuing decades more and more wagon and carriage traffic, as well as
pedestrians, crossed the lock between Gamla Stan and the Södermalm suburb. With the arrival of the
automobile the traffic situation was being called "Slussen Misery" and therefore in 1930 a committee was
appointed with the task of solving it. In 1931 a total overhaul of Slussen was funded. Buildings were demolished
and a new lock with a cloverleaf interchange was built. The pedestrian tunnels and walkways were built on three
different levels. The project was praised by Le Corbusier as "the modern era's first large project". But political
plans for reshaping the area began already in the 1970s. A vigorous discussion in Swedish media followed. After
conducting a competition, in May 2009 the city of Stockholm announced that the firm of Norman Foster had
been selected to create a new master plan of the Slussen area. The design of Foster and Partners features two
linked pedestrian bridges and one for traffic. It removes many of the existing roads and creates several new
blocks of buildings in proximity to the waterfront. Nowadays the discussions are going on and the interchange
still exists and the structure, including the pedestrian passageways, continues to deteriorate.
More information: http://bygg.stockholm.se/slussen and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slussen and
http://www.fosterandpartners.com/projects/slussen-masterplan
15:00 – 18:00 Visit to Södermalm and Vitabergsparken with Sofia Kyrka and the historical wooden houses
(listed as National Heritage Buildings) at Mäster Pers gränd and Bergsprängargränd
Södermalm, shortened to "Söder", is a district in central Stockholm located on a large island of the same name.
With a population of around 123,500, it is one of the most densely populated districts of Scandinavia. It is
connected to Gamla Stan to the north by Slussen. Södermalm is first mentioned in 1288. Until the early 17th
century it was mainly a rural, agricultural area. Its first urban areas were planned and built in the middle of the
17th century, comprising a mixture of working class housing, such as the little red cottages of which a few can
still be seen in north-eastern part, and the summer houses and pavilions of wealthier families. During this time,
it was also the location of perhaps the first theatre in Scandinavia, Björngårdsteatern. In the 18th century, the
working-class cottages that clung to Mariaberget, the steep cliffs facing Riddarfjärden, were replaced by the
large buildings that are still present today. It was not until the beginning of the 20th century that urbanisation
grasped the entire width of Södermalm. Also, rather than being known as a slum, it is now known as home of
bohemian, alternative culture and a broad range of cultural amenities.
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More information: www.stigbergetsborgarrum.se and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B6dermalm
Saturday 27th
Visit to the suburbs Vaxholm and Solna with Hagaparken and Stadsbiblioteket in Vasastan
Vaxholm is located in the Stockholm archipelago. The name Vaxholm comes from Vaxholm Castle, which was
constructed in 1549 on an islet with this name on the inlet to Stockholm, for defense purposes, by King Gustav
Vasa. For historical reasons it has always been referred to as a city, despite the small number of inhabitants,
which as of 2010 total was around 5,000.
More information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaxholm and
http://www.vaxholm.se/Resource.phx/plaza/publica/omkommunen/index.htx?aps=omkommunen
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Solna is located north of the Stockholm City Centre. It is the third smallest municipality in Sweden in terms of
area. With few exceptions, Solna's built-up areas have a suburban character, but there are also several large
parks like Hagaparken ("Haga Park"). Hagaparken has historically been favoured by Swedish royalty, especially
Gustav III who founded it and developed it 1780-1797 and by the famous troubadour Carl Michael Bellman.
Within the park are Haga Palace, King Gustav III's Pavilion, the Chinese Pavilion, the Echo Temple, the Turkish
Kiosk, an older castle ruin and several other interesting buildings on the grounds as the peculiar Copper Tents
and the Butterfly House. Since 1922 it also included the Royal Burial Ground of the Swedish Royal family.
More information: http://www.solna.se/turist1 and http://www.visithaga.se/se
Vasastan is a city district of Stockholm, also located north from Gamla stan, and named after King Gustav Vasa in
1885. It was a peripheral part of the city till the early 1880s. The expansion was preceded by a city plan
established in 1879, a slightly more modest edition of the 1866 intentions of city planner Albert Lindhagen, in its
turn largely a continuation north of an original 17th century plan. One of its most famous buildings is the
Stockholms Stadsbiblioteket (Stockholm Public Library). Designed by Swedish architect Gunnar Asplund is it now
one of the city's most notable structures. Discussed by a committee of which Asplund himself was a member
from 1918, a design scheme was proposed in 1922, and the construction began in 1924. Stockholm Public
Library was Sweden's first public library to apply the principle of open shelves where visitors could access books
without the need to ask library staff for assistance, a concept Asplund studied in the United States during the
construction of the library. All furnishings in all rooms were designed for their specific positions and purposes.
Officially opened on 31 March 1928 in the presence of Prince Eugen, due to financial constraints the library was
still missing its west wing which was only added in 1932 to complete the approximately square base around the
rotunda of the main reading room. Stockholm Public Library is one of Asplund's most important works and
illustrates his gradual shift from classicism to functionalism.
More information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasastan,_Stockholm and
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockholm_Public_Library and
https://biblioteket.stockholm.se/en/bibliotek/stadsbiblioteket
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Report Staff Exchange Dr. Daniela Scherz in Stockholm 20-28

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