1 pProcessori Intel ed Intel Processori Intel ed Intel Processori Intel

pProcessori Intel ed IntelIntel-Compatibili: Largerzza dei Data Bus
Processor
Data Bus Width
Register Size
8088
8-bit
16-bit
8086
16-bit
16-bit
286
16-bit
16-bit
386SX
16-bit
32-bit
386DX
32-bit
32-bit
486/AMD-5x86
32-bit
32-bit
Pentium/AMD-K6
64-bit
32-bit
Pentium Pro/Celeron/II/III
64-bit
32-bit
AMD Duron/Athlon/Athlon XP
64-bit
32-bit
Pentium 4
64-bit
32-bit
Itanium
64-bit
64-bit
AMD Athlon 64
64-bit
64-bit
1
2
Processori Intel e Velocità Motherboards
CPU Type
CPU Speed (MHz)
CPU Clock Multiplier
Motherboard Speed (MHz)
Pentium
75
1.5x
50
Pentium
60
1x
60
Pentium
90
1.5x
60
Pentium
120
2x
60
Pentium
150
2.5x
60
Pentium/Pentium Pro
180
3x
60
Pentium
66
1x
66
Pentium
100
1.5x
66
Pentium
133
2x
66
Pentium/Pentium Pro
166
2.5x
66
Pentium/Pentium Pro
200
3x
66
Pentium/Pentium II
233
3.5x
66
Pentium(Mobile)/Pentium II/Celeron
266
4x
66
Pentium II/Celeron
300
4.5x
66
Pentium II/Celeron
333
5x
66
Pentium II/Celeron
366
5.5x
66
Celeron
400
6x
66
Celeron
433
6.5x
66
Celeron
466
7x
66
Celeron
500
7.5x
66
Celeron
533
8x
66
Celeron
566
8.5x
66
Celeron
600
9x
66
Celeron
633
9.5x
66
Celeron
667
10x
66
Celeron
700
10.5x
66
Celeron
733
11x
66
Celeron
766
11.5x
66
Pentium II
350
3.5x
100
Pentium II
400
4x
100
Pentium II/III
450
4.5x
100
Pentium III
500
5x
100
3
Processori Intel e Velocità Motherboards
CPU Type
CPU Speed (MHz)
CPU Clock Multiplier
Motherboard Speed (MHz)
Pentium III
550
5.5x
100
Pentium III
600
6x
100
Pentium III
650
6.5x
100
Pentium III
700
7x
100
Pentium III
750
7.5x
100
Pentium III/Celeron
800
8x
100
Pentium III/Celeron
850
8.5x
100
Pentium III/Celeron
900
9x
100
Pentium III/Celeron
950
9.5x
100
Pentium III/Celeron
1000
10x
100
Pentium III/Celeron
1100
11x
100
Pentium III/Celeron
1200
12x
100
Pentium III/Celeron
1300
13x
100
Pentium III/Celeron
1400
14x
100
Pentium III
533
4x
133
Pentium III
600
4.5x
133
Pentium III
667
5x
133
Pentium III
733
5.5x
133
Pentium III
800
6x
133
Pentium III
866
6.5x
133
Pentium III
933
7x
133
Pentium III
1000
7.5x
133
Pentium III
1066
8x
133
Pentium III
1133
8.5x
133
Pentium III
1200
9x
133
Pentium III
1266
9.5x
133
Pentium III
1333
10x
133
Pentium III
1400
10.5x
133
Pentium 4
1300
3.25x
400
Pentium 4
1400
3.5x
400
Pentium 4
1500
3.75x
400
Pentium 4
1600
4x
400
Pentium 4/Celeron
1700
4.25x
400
Pentium 4
1800
4.5x
400
4
Processori Intel e Velocità Motherboards
CPU Type
CPU Speed (MHz)
CPU Clock Multiplier
Motherboard Speed (MHz)
Pentium 4
1900
4.75x
400
Pentium 4
2000
5x
400
Pentium 4
2200
5.5x
400
Pentium 4
2400
6x
400
Pentium 4
2266
4.25x
533
Pentium 4
2400
4.5x
533
Pentium 4
2500
6.25X
400
Pentium 4
2533
4.75x
533
Pentium 4
2600
6.5x
400
Pentium 4
2660
5x
533
Pentium 4
2800
5.25x
533
Pentium 4
3060
5.75x
533
Pentium 4
3200
4x
800
Pentium 4
3400
4.25x
800
Itanium
733
2.75x
266
Itanium
800
3x
266
Itanium 2
1000
2.5x
400
5
AMD PP-Ratings Versus Actual Chip Speeds in MHz
CPU Type
P-Rating
Actual CPU Speed (MHz)
Clock Multiplier
Motherboard Speed (MHz)
K5
75
75
1.5x
50
K5
90
90
1.5x
60
K5
100
100
1.5x
66
K5
120
90
1.5x
60
K5
133
100
1.5x
66
K5
166
116
1.75x
66
K6
166
166
2.5x
66
K6
200
200
3x
66
K6
233
233
3.5x
66
K6
266
266
4x
66
K6
300
300
4.5x
66
K6-2
233
233
3.5x
66
K6-2
266
266
4x
66
K6-2
300
300
4.5x
66
K6-2
300
300
3x
100
K6-2
333
333
5x
66
K6-2
333
333
3.5x
95
K6-2
350
350
3.5x
100
K6-2
366
366
5.5x
66
K6-2
380
380
4x
95
K6-2
400
400
6x
66
K6-2
400
400
4x
100
K6-2
450
450
4.5x
100
K6-2
475
475
5x
95
K6-2
500
500
5x
100
K6-2
533
533
5.5x
97
K6-2
550
550
5.5x
100
K6-3
400
400
4x
100
K6-3
450
450
4.5x
100
Athlon
500
500
2.5x
200
Athlon
550
550
2.75x
200
Athlon/Duron
600
600
3x
200
6
AMD PP-Ratings Versus Actual Chip Speeds in MHz
CPU Type
P-Rating
Actual CPU Speed (MHz)
Clock Multiplier
Motherboard Speed (MHz)
Athlon/Duron
650
650
3.25x
200
Athlon/Duron
700
700
3.5x
200
Athlon/Duron
750
750
3.75x
200
Athlon/Duron
800
800
4x
200
Athlon/Duron
850
850
4.25x
200
Athlon/Duron
900
900
4.5x
200
Athlon/Duron
950
950
4.75x
200
Athlon/Duron
1000
1000
5x
200
Athlon/Duron
1100
1100
5.5x
200
Athlon/Duron
1200
1200
6x
200
Athlon/Duron
1300
1300
6.5x
200
Athlon/Duron
1400
1400
7x
200
Athlon
1000
1000
3.75x
266
Athlon
1133
1133
4.25x
266
Athlon
1200
1200
4.5x
266
Athlon
1333
1333
5x
266
Athlon
1400
1400
5.25x
266
Athlon XP
1500+
1333
5x
266
Athlon XP
1600+
1400
5.25x
266
Athlon XP
1700+
1466
5.5x
266
Athlon XP
1800+
1533
5.75x
266
Athlon XP
1900+
1600
6x
266
Athlon XP
2000+
1666
6.25x
266
Athlon XP
2100+
1733
6.5x
266
Athlon XP
2200+
1800
6.75x
266
Athlon XP
2400+
2000
7.5x
266
Athlon XP
2500+[*]
1833
5.5x
333
Athlon XP
2600+
2083
6.25x
333
Athlon XP
2600+
2133
8x
266
Athlon XP
2700+
2167
6.5x
333
Athlon XP
2800+[*]
2083
6.25x
333
Athlon XP
2800+
2250
6.75x
333
Athlon XP
3000+[*]
2167
6.5x
333
7
AMD PP-Ratings Versus Actual Chip Speeds in MHz
CPU Type
P-Rating
Athlon XP
3200+[*]
Actual CPU Speed (MHz)
Clock Multiplier
2333
7x
Multiplier (Fixed)
(Fixed)
Motherboard Speed (MHz)
333
Bus Speed
Processor Speed
8x
100MHz
800MHz
8x
103MHz
824MHz
8x
105MHz
840MHz
8x
110MHz
880MHz
8x
112MHz
896MHz
8x
115MHz
920MHz
8x
120MHz
960MHz
8x
124MHz
992MHz
8x
133MHz
1066MHz
Processor
L1 Cache Associativity
L2 Cache Associativity
Associativity
486
Four-way
Not in CPU
Pentium (non-MMX)
Two-way
Not in CPU
Pentium MMX
Four-way
Not in CPU
Pentium Pro/II/III
Four-way
Four-way (off-die)
Pentium III/4
Four-way
Eight-way (on-die)
8
Velocità CPU relativamente alla Cache, RAM, e Motherboard
Motherboard
CPU Type
Pentium
Pentium Pro
Pentium II
AMD K6-2
CPU speed
233MHz
200MHz
450MHz
550MHz
L1 cache speed
4.3ns (233MHz)
5.0ns (200MHz)
2.2ns (450MHz)
1.8ns (550MHz)
L1 cache size
16K
32K
32K
64K
L2 cache type
onboard
on-chip
on-chip
onboard
L2 speed ratio
—
1/1
1/2
—
L2 cache speed
15ns (66MHz)
5ns (200MHz)
4.4ns (225MHz)
10ns (100MHz)
L2 cache size
varies[1]
256KB[2]
512KB
varies[1]
CPU bus speed
66MHz
66MHz
100MHz
100MHz
Memory bus speed
60ns (16MHz)
60ns (16MHz)
10ns (100MHz)
10ns (100MHz)
CPU Type
AMD K6-3
Duron
Athlon
Athlon XP
CPU speed
450MHz
1.3GHz
1.4GHz
2.167GHz
L1 cache speed
2.2ns (450MHz)
0.77ns (1.3GHz)
0.71ns (1.4GHz)
0.46ns (2.167GHz)
L1 cache size
64K
128K
128K
128K
L2 cache type
on-die
on-die
on-die
on-die
L2 speed ratio
1/1
1/1
1/1
1/1
L2 cache speed
2.2ns (450MHz)
0.77ns (1.3GHz)
0.71ns (1.4GHz)
0.46ns (2.167GHz)
L2 cache size
256KB
64KB
256KB
512KB
CPU bus speed
100MHz
200MHz
266MHz
333MHz
Memory bus speed
10ns (100MHz)
5ns (200MHz)
3.8ns (266MHz)
3.0ns (333MHz)
CPU Type
Pentium III
Celeron/370
Celeron/478
Pentium 4
CPU speed
1.4GHz
1.4GHz
2.2GHz
2.53GHz
L1 cache speed
0.71ns (1.4GHz)
0.71ns (1.4GHz)
0.45ns (2.2GHz)
0.39ns (2.53GHz)
L1 cache size
32K
32K
20K
20K
L2 cache type
on-die
on-die
on-die
on-die
L2 speed ratio
1/1
1/1
1/1
1/1
L2 cache speed
0.71ns (1.4GHz)
0.71ns (1.4GHz)
0.45ns (2.2GHz)
0.39ns (2.53GHz)
L2 cache size
512KB
256KB
128KB
512KB
CPU bus speed
133MHz
100MHz
400MHz
533MHz
Memory bus speed
7.5ns (133MHz)
10ns (100MHz)
2.5ns (400MHz)[3]
1.9ns (533MHz)[3]
9
10
Coprocessore Matematico
Processor
Coprocessor
8086
8087
8088
8087
286
287
386SX
387SX
386DX
387DX
486SX
487SX, DX2/OverDrive
487SX
Built-in FPU
486SX2
DX2/OverDrive
486DX
Built-in FPU
486DX2
Built-in FPU
486DX4/5x86
Built-in FPU
Intel Pentium/Pentium MMX
Built-in FPU
Cyrix 6x86/MI/MII
Built-in FPU
AMD K5/K6/Athlon/Duron
Built-in FPU
Pentium II/III/Celeron/Xeon
Built-in FPU
Pentium 4
Built-in FPU
Athlon 64
Built-in FPU
Itanium/Itanium II
Built-in FPU
11
12
13
Processore AMD Athlon XP
PRating
Actual Speed Bus Speed
(MHz)
(MHz)
Multiplier
L2
L2 Speed
Cache
(MHz)
Max.
Max.
Process
Voltage Current (A)
Power (W)
(microns)
Transistors
1500+
1333
266
5x
256KB
1333
1.75V
34A
60.0W
0.18
37.5
1600+
1400
266
5.25x
256KB
1400
1.75V
36A
62.8W
0.18
37.5
1700+
1467
266
5.5x
256KB
1467
1.75V
37A
64.0W
0.18
37.5
1800+
1533
266
5.75x
256KB
1533
1.75V
38A
66.0W
0.18
37.5
1900+
1600
266
6x
256KB
1600
1.75V
39A
68.0W
0.18
37.5
2000+
1667
266
6.25x
256KB
1667
1.75V
40A
70.0W
0.18
37.5
2100+
1733
266
6.5x
256KB
1733
1.75V
41A
72.0W
0.18
37.5
1700+
1467
266
5.5x
256KB
1467
1.5V
33A
49.4W
0.13
37.2
1700+
1467
266
5.5x
256KB
1467
1.6V
37A
59.8W
0.13
37.2
1800+
1533
266
5.75x
256KB
1533
1.5V
34A
51.0W
0.13
37.2
1800+
1533
266
5.75x
256KB
1533
1.6V
37A
59.8W
0.13
37.2
1900+
1600
266
6x
256KB
1600
1.5V
35A
52.5W
0.13
37.2
2000+
1667
266
6.25x
256KB
1667
1.6V
38A
60.3W
0.13
37.2
2000+
1667
266
6.25x
256KB
1667
1.6V
38A
61.3W
0.13
37.2
2100+
1733
266
6.5x
256KB
1733
1.6V
39A
62.1W
0.13
37.2
2100+
1733
266
6.5x
256KB
1733
1.6V
39A
62.1W
0.13
37.2
2200+
1800
266
6.75x
256KB
1800
1.65V
41A
67.9W
0.13
37.2
2200+
1800
266
6.75x
256KB
1800
1.6V
39A
62.8W
0.13
37.2
2400+
2000
266
7.5x
256KB
2000
1.65V
41A
68.3W
0.13
37.2
2500+
1833
333
5.5x
512KB
1833
1.65V
41A
68.3W
0.13
54.3
2600+
2133
266
8x
256KB
2133
1.65V
41A
68.3W
0.13
37.2
2600+
2083
333
6.25x
256KB
2083
1.65V
41A
68.3W
0.13
37.2
2700+
2167
333
6.5x
256KB
2167
1.65V
41A
68.3W
0.13
37.2
2800+
2083
333
6.25x
512KB
2083
1.65V
41A
68.3W
0.13
53.3
3000+
2167
333
6.5x
512KB
2167
1.65V
45A
74.3W
0.13
54.3
14
Comparativa Pentium 4 Bus e Velocità RDRAM
Pentium 4 Processor Bus
Throughput (Processor
DualDual-channel RIMM
DualDual-channel DDR DIMM
Speed
Busx
Busx8)
Throughput
Throughput
400MHz
3200MBps
3200MBps
3200MBps
533MHz
4266MBps
4266MBps
4266MBps
800MHz
6400MBps
6400MBps
6400MBps
15
16
17
Chips SiS North Bridge per Pentium
Pentium 4 Socket 478
Chipset
SiS650
SiS651
SiS645
SiS645DX
SiS648
SiS655
SiS R658
Bus speed
400MHz
400/533MHz
400MHz
400/533MHz
400/533MHz
400/533MHz
400/533MHZ
Supports
No
Yes[*]
No
Yes[*]
Yes[*]
Yes[*]
Yes[*]
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Memory
PC133,
PC100/133,
PC133,
PC133,
DDR200/266/333 DDR266/333,
types
DDR266
DDR200/266/333
DDR200/266
DDR266/333
Parity/ECC
Neither
Neither
Neither
Neither
Maximum
3GB
3GB
3GB
PCI support
2.2
2.2
PCI
33MHz/32-
speed/width
bit
AGP slot
Integrated
hyperthreading
SMP (dual
CPUs)
1066/800MHz
dual-channel
RDRAM
Neither
Neither
Neither
3GB
3GB
4GB
4GB
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
33MHz/32-bit
33MHz/32-bit
33MHz/32-bit
33MHz/32-bit
33MHz/32-bit
33MHz/32-bit
4x
4x
4x
4x
8x
8x
8x
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
South Bridge
SiS961
SiS962
SiS961
SiS961
SiS963
SiS963
SiS963
MuTIOL
533MBps
533MBps
533MBps
533MBps
1GBps
1GBps
1GBps
memory
video
speed
18
Chips SiS Media I/O (South Bridge) per Pentium 4
South Bridge
USB
Number of
Chip
Support
USB Ports
SiS961
1.1
6
ATA Support
33/66/100
Audio
AC'97, 5.1
10/100
HomePNA
IEEEIEEE-
MuTIOL Clock
Ethernet
1.0/2.0
1394
Speed
Yes
Yes
No
266MHz
Yes
Yes
No
266MHz
Yes
Yes
Yes
266MHz
Yes
Yes
No
266MHz
Yes
Yes
Yes
533MHz
Yes
Yes
No
533MHz
channel
SiS961B
1.1
6
33/66/100/133 AC'97, 5.1
channel
SiS962
1.1, 2.0
6
33/66/100/133 AC'97, 5.1
channel
SiS962L
1.1, 2.0
6
33/66/100/133 AC'97, 5.1
channel
SiS963
1.1, 2.0
6
33/66/100/133 AC'97, 5.1
channel
SiS963L
1.1, 2.0
6
33/66/100/133 AC'97, 5.1
channel
19
20
Chipsets VIA per Pentium 4
Chipset
North Bridge
P4X266
P4X266A
P4X266E
P4M266
P4X400
P4X400A
VT8753
VT8753A
VT8753E
VT8751
VT8754
VT8754CE
Bus speeds
400MHz
400MHz
400/533MHz
400MHz
400/533MHz
400/533/800MHz
SMP (dual
No
No
No
No
No
No
Memory
PC100/133,
PC100/133,
DDR200/266
PC100/133,
DDR200/266/333/400 DDR200/266/333/400
types
DDR200/266
DDR200/266
Parity/ECC
Neither
Neither
Neither
Neither
ECC
ECC
Maximum
4GB
4GB
4GB
4GB
32GB
32GB
PCI support
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
PCI
33MHz/32-bit[*]
33MHz/32-bit[*]
33MHz/32-bit[*]
33MHz/32-bit
33MHz/32-bit[*]
33MHz/32-bit[*]
AGP slot
4x
4x
4x
4x
8x
8x
Integrated
No
No
No
S3 Graphics
No
No
VT8235
VT8235
533MBps
533MBps
chip
CPUs)
DDR200/266
memory
speed/width
video
ProSavage8 3D
South Bridge
VT8233,
VT8233,
VT8233,
VT8233,
VT8233C,
VT8233C,
VT8233C,
VT8233C,
VT8233A
VT8233A
VT8233A,
VT8233A
VT8235
V-Link speed 266MBps
266MBps
266MBps
266MBps
Chips VIA South Bridge per Pentium 4
South Bridge
USB
Number of USB
Chip
Support
Ports
VT8233
1.1
6
10/100
ATA Support
33/66/100
Audio
AC'97, 6-
Ethernet
V-Link
HomePNA
Throughput
Yes
Yes
266MBps
Yes
No
266MBps
Yes
No
266MBps
Yes
No
533MBps
channel
VT8233A
1.1
6
33/66/100/133 AC'97, 6channel
VT8233C
1.1
6
33/66/100
AC'97, 6channel
VT8235
2.0
6
33/66/100/133 AC'97, 5.1
channel
21
Larghezza di Banda (in MBps)
MBps) e Comparativa tra Bus e Interfacce
Bus Type
Bus Width (Bits)
Bus Speed (MHz)
Data Cycles per Clock
Bandwidth (MBps)
8-bit ISA (PC/XT)
8
4.77
1/2
2.39
8-bit ISA (AT)
8
8.33
1/2
4.17
LPC bus
4
33
1
16.67
16-bit ISA (AT-Bus)
16
8.33
1/2
8.33
DD Floppy Interface
1
0.25
1
0.03125
HD Floppy Interface
1
0.5
1
0.0625
ED Floppy Interface
1
1
1
0.125
EISA Bus
32
8.33
1
33
VL-Bus
32
33
1
133
MCA-16
16
5
1
10
MCA-32
32
5
1
20
MCA-16 Streaming
16
10
1
20
MCA-32 Streaming
32
10
1
40
MCA-64 Streaming
64
10
1
80
MCA-64 Streaming
64
20
1
160
PC-Card (PCMCIA)
16
10
1
20
CardBus
32
33
1
133
PCI
32
33
1
133
PCI 66MHz
32
66
1
266
PCI 64-bit
64
33
1
266
PCI 66MHz/64-bit
64
66
1
533
PCI-X 66
64
66
1
533
PCI-X 133
64
133
1
1,066
PCI-X 266
64
266
1
2,133
PCI-X 533
64
533
1
4,266
PCI Express 1.0 1-lane
1
2,500
0.8
250
PCI Express 1.0 32-lanes
32
2,500
0.8
8,000
Intel Hub Interface 8-bit
8
66
4
266
Intel Hub Interface 16-bit
16
66
4
533
AMD HyperTransport 2x2
2
200
2
100
22
Larghezza di Banda (in MBps)
MBps) e Comparativa tra Bus e Interfacce
Bus Type
Bus Width (Bits)
Bus Speed (MHz)
Data Cycles per Clock
Bandwidth (MBps)
AMD HyperTransport 4x2
4
200
2
200
AMD HyperTransport 8x2
8
200
2
400
AMD HyperTransport 16x2
16
200
2
800
AMD HyperTransport 32x2
32
200
2
1,600
AMD HyperTransport 2x4
2
400
2
200
AMD HyperTransport 4x4
4
400
2
400
AMD HyperTransport 8x4
8
400
2
800
AMD HyperTransport 16x4
16
400
2
1,600
AMD HyperTransport 32x4
32
400
2
3,200
AMD HyperTransport 2x8
2
800
2
400
AMD HyperTransport 4x8
4
800
2
800
AMD HyperTransport 8x8
8
800
2
1,600
AMD HyperTransport 16x8
16
800
2
3,200
AMD HyperTransport 32x8
32
800
2
6,400
VIA V-Link 4x
8
66
4
266
VIA V-Link 8x
8
66
8
533
SiS MuTIOL
16
133
2
533
SiS MuTIOL 1G
16
266
2
1,066
AGP
32
66
1
266
AGP-2X
32
66
2
533
AGP-4X
32
66
4
1,066
AGP-8X
32
66
8
2,133
ATI A-Link
16
66
2
266
RS-232 Serial
1
0.1152
1/10
0.01152
RS-232 Serial HS
1
0.2304
1/10
0.02304
IEEE-1284 Parallel
8
8.33
1/6
1.38
IEEE-1284 EPP/ECP
8
8.33
1/3
2.77
USB 1.1
1
12
1
1.5
USB 2.0
2
240
1
60
IEEE-1394a S100
1
100
1
12.5
IEEE-1394a S200
1
200
1
25
23
Larghezza di Banda (in MBps)
MBps) e Comparativa tra Bus e Interfacce
Bus Type
Bus Width (Bits)
Bus Speed (MHz)
Data Cycles per Clock
Bandwidth (MBps)
IEEE-1394a S400
1
400
1
50
IEEE-1394b S800
1
800
1
100
IEEE-1394b S1600
1
1600
1
200
ATA PIO-4
16
8.33
1
16.67
ATA-UDMA/33
16
8.33
2
33
ATA-UDMA/66
16
16.67
2
66
ATA-UDMA/100
16
25
2
100
ATA-UDMA/133
16
33
2
133
SATA-150
1
750
2
150
SATA-300
1
1500
2
300
SATA-600
1
3000
2
600
SCSI
8
5
1
5
SCSI Wide
16
5
1
10
SCSI Fast
8
10
1
10
SCSI Fast/Wide
16
10
1
20
SCSI Ultra
8
20
1
20
SCSI Ultra/Wide
16
20
1
40
SCSI Ultra2
8
40
1
40
SCSI Ultra2/Wide
16
40
1
80
SCSI Ultra3 (Ultra160)
16
40
2
160
SCSI Ultra4 (Ultra320)
16
80
2
320
FPM DRAM
64
22
1
177
EDO DRAM
64
33
1
266
PC66 SDRAM DIMM
64
66
1
533
PC100 SDRAM DIMM
64
100
1
800
PC133 SDRAM DIMM
64
133
1
1,066
PC1600 DDR DIMM (DDR200)
64
100
2
1,600
PC2100 DDR DIMM (DDR266)
64
133
2
2,133
PC2400 DDR DIMM (DDR300)
64
150
2
2,400
PC2700 DDR DIMM (DDR333)
64
167
2
2,666
PC3000 DDR DIMM (DDR366)
64
183
2
2,933
24
Larghezza di Banda (in MBps)
MBps) e Comparativa tra Bus e Interfacce
Bus Type
Bus Width (Bits)
Bus Speed (MHz)
Data Cycles per Clock
Bandwidth (MBps)
PC3200 DDR DIMM (DDR400)
64
200
2
3,200
PC3500 DDR (DDR433)
64
216
2
3,466
PC3700 DDR (DDR466)
64
233
2
3,733
PC4000 DDR (DDR500)
64
250
2
4,000
PC4300 DDR (DDR533)
64
267
2
4,266
PC2-3200 DDR2 (DDR2-433)
64
216
2
3,466
PC2-4300 DDR2 (DDR2-466)
64
233
2
3,733
PC2-5400 DDR2 (DDR2-500)
64
250
2
4,000
PC2-6400 DDR2 (DDR2-533)
64
267
2
4,266
RIMM1200 RDRAM (PC600)
16
300
2
1,200
RIMM1400 RDRAM (PC700)
16
350
2
1,400
RIMM1600 RDRAM (PC800)
16
400
2
1,600
RIMM2100 RDRAM (PC1066)
16
533
2
2,133
RIMM2400 RDRAM (PC1200)
16
600
2
2,400
RIMM3200 RDRAM (PC800)
32
400
2
3,200
RIMM4200 RDRAM (PC1066)
32
533
2
4,266
RIMM4800 RDRAM (PC1200)
32
600
2
4,800
RIMM6400 RDRAM (PC800)
64
400
2
6,400
RIMM8500 RDRAM (PC1066)
64
533
2
8,533
RIMM9600 RDRAM (PC1200)
64
600
2
9,600
33MHz 486 FSB
32
33
1
133
66MHz Pentium I/II/III FSB
64
66
1
533
100MHz Pentium I/II/III FSB
64
100
1
800
133MHz Pentium I/II/III FSB
64
133
1
1,066
200MHz Athlon FSB
64
100
2
1,600
266MHz Athlon FSB
64
133
2
2,133
333MHz Athlon FSB
64
167
2
2,666
400MHz Athlon FSB
64
200
2
3,200
533MHz Athlon FSB
64
267
2
4,266
400MHz Pentium 4 FSB
64
100
4
3,200
533MHz Pentium 4 FSB
64
133
4
4,266
25
Larghezza di Banda (in MBps)
MBps) e Comparativa tra Bus e Interfacce
Bus Type
Bus Width (Bits)
Bus Speed (MHz)
Data Cycles per Clock
Bandwidth (MBps)
800MHz Pentium 4 FSB
64
200
4
6,400
266MHz Itanium FSB
64
133
2
2,133
400MHz Itanium 2 FSB
128
100
4
6,400
Tipologie di Bus PCI
PCI Bus Type
Bus Width (Bits)
Bus Speed (MHz)
Data Cycles per Clock
Bandwidth (MBps)
PCI
32
33
1
133
PCI 66MHz
32
66
1
266
PCI 64-bit
64
33
1
266
PCI 66MHz/64-bit
64
66
1
533
PCI-X 64
64
66
1
533
PCI-X 133
64
133
1
1,066
PCI-X 266
64
133
2
2,132
PCI-X 533
64
133
4
4,266
PCI-Express
1
2,500
0.8
250
PCI-Express
32
2,500
0.8
8,000
26
Relazione tra Megahertz (MHz) and Tempi di Ciclo in Nanosecondi (ns)
Clock Speed
Cycle Time
4.77MHz
210ns
6MHz
167ns
8MHz
125ns
10MHz
100ns
12MHz
83ns
16MHz
63ns
20MHz
50ns
25MHz
40ns
33MHz
30ns
40MHz
25ns
50MHz
20ns
60MHz
17ns
66MHz
15ns
75MHz
13ns
80MHz
13ns
100MHz
10ns
120MHz
8.3ns
133MHz
7.5ns
150MHz
6.7ns
166MHz
6.0ns
180MHz
5.6ns
200MHz
5.0ns
225MHz
4.4ns
233MHz
4.3ns
250MHz
4.0ns
266MHz
3.8ns
300MHz
3.3ns
333MHz
3.0ns
350MHz
2.9ns
366MHz
2.7ns
400MHz
2.5ns
433MHz
2.3ns
27
Relazione tra Megahertz (MHz) and Tempi di Ciclo in Nanosecondi (ns)
Clock Speed
Cycle Time
450MHz
2.2ns
466MHz
2.1ns
500MHz
2.0ns
533MHz
1.88ns
550MHz
1.82ns
566MHz
1.77ns
600MHz
1.67ns
633MHz
1.58ns
650MHz
1.54ns
666MHz
1.50ns
700MHz
1.43ns
733MHz
1.36ns
750MHz
1.33ns
766MHz
1.31ns
800MHz
1.25ns
833MHz
1.20ns
850MHz
1.18ns
866MHz
1.15ns
900MHz
1.11ns
933MHz
1.07ns
950MHz
1.05ns
966MHz
1.04ns
1,000MHz
1.00ns
1,100MHz
0.91ns
1,133MHz
0.88ns
1,200MHz
0.83ns
1,300MHz
0.77ns
1,400MHz
0.71ns
1,500MHz
0.67ns
1,600MHz
0.63ns
1,700MHz
0.59ns
1,800MHz
0.56ns
1,900MHz
0.53ns
28
Relazione tra Megahertz (MHz) and Tempi di Ciclo in Nanosecondi (ns)
Clock Speed
Cycle Time
2,000MHz
0.50ns
2,100MHz
0.48ns
2,200MHz
0.45ns
2,300MHz
0.43ns
2,400MHz
0.42ns
2,500MHz
0.40ns
2,600MHz
0.38ns
2,700MHz
0.37ns
2,800MHz
0.36ns
2,900MHz
0.34ns
3,000MHz
0.333ns
3,100MHz
0.323ns
3,200MHz
0.313ns
3,300MHz
0.303ns
3,400MHz
0.294ns
3,500MHz
0.286ns
3,600MHz
0.278ns
3,700MHz
0.270ns
3,800MHz
0.263ns
3,900MHz
0.256ns
4,000MHz
0.250ns
4,100MHz
0.244ns
4,200MHz
0.238ns
4,300MHz
0.233ns
4,400MHz
0.227ns
4,500MHz
0.222ns
4,600MHz
0.217ns
4,700MHz
0.213ns
4,800MHz
0.208ns
4,900MHz
0.204ns
5,000MHz
0.200ns
29
Moduli Memoria DRAM e Bus Standards/Bandwidth
Standards/Bandwidth (Passato, Corrente, e Futuro)
Module
Module
Chip
Clock Speed
Cycles per
Bus Speed
Bus Width
Transfer Rate
Standard
Format
Type
(MHz)
Clock
(MT/s)
(Bytes)
(MBps)
FPM
SIMM
60ns
22
1
22
8
177
EDO
SIMM
60ns
33
1
33
8
266
PC66
SDR DIMM
10ns
66
1
66
8
533
PC100
SDR DIMM
8ns
100
1
100
8
800
PC133
SDR DIMM
7/7.5ns
133
1
133
8
1,066
PC1600
DDR DIMM
DDR200
100
2
200
8
1,600
PC2100
DDR DIMM
DDR266
133
2
266
8
2,133
PC2400
DDR DIMM
DDR300
150
2
300
8
2,400
PC2700
DDR DIMM
DDR333
166
2
333
8
2,667
PC3000
DDR DIMM
DDR366
183
2
366
8
2,933
PC3200
DDR DIMM
DDR400
200
2
400
8
3,200
PC3500
DDR DIMM
DDR433
216
2
433
8
3,466
PC3700
DDR DIMM
DDR466
233
2
466
8
3,733
PC4000
DDR DIMM
DDR500
250
2
500
8
4,000
PC4300
DDR DIMM
DDR533
266
2
533
8
4,266
PC2-3200
DDR2 DIMM
DDR2-
200
2
400
8
3,200
266
2
533
8
4,266
333
2
667
8
5,333
400
2
800
8
6,400
400
PC2-4300
DDR2 DIMM
DDR2533
PC2-5400
DDR2 DIMM
DDR2667
PC2-6400
DDR2 DIMM
DDR2800
RIMM1200
RIMM-16
PC600
300
2
600
2
1,200
RIMM1400
RIMM-16
PC700
350
2
700
2
1,400
RIMM1600
RIMM-16
PC800
400
2
800
2
1,600
RIMM2100
RIMM-16
PC1066
533
2
1,066
2
2,133
RIMM2400
RIMM-16
PC1200
600
2
1,200
2
2,400
RIMM3200
RIMM-32
PC800
400
2
800
4
3,200
RIMM4200
RIMM-32
PC1066
533
2
1,066
4
4,266
RIMM4800
RIMM-32
PC1200
600
2
1,200
4
4,800
RIMM6400
RIMM-64
PC800
400
2
800
8
6,400
RIMM8500
RIMM-64
PC1066
533
2
1,066
8
8,533
30
Moduli Memoria DRAM e Bus Standards/Bandwidth
Standards/Bandwidth (Passato, Corrente, e Futuro)
Module
Module
Chip
Clock Speed
Cycles per
Bus Speed
Bus Width
Transfer Rate
Standard
Format
Type
(MHz)
Clock
(MT/s)
(Bytes)
(MBps)
RIMM9600
RIMM-64
PC1200
600
2
1,200
31
8
9,600
Bus Bandwidth dei Processori
CPU Bus Type
Clock Speed (MHz) Cycles per Clock
Bus Speed (MT/s) Bus
Bus Width (Bytes)
Bandwidth (MBps)
33MHz 486 FSB
33
1
33
4
133
66MHz Pentium I/II/III FSB
66
1
66
8
533
100MHz Pentium I/II/III FSB
100
1
100
8
800
133MHz Pentium I/II/III FSB
133
1
133
8
1,066
200MHz Athlon FSB
100
2
200
8
1,600
266MHz Athlon FSB
133
2
266
8
2,133
333MHz Athlon FSB
166
2
333
8
2,667
400MHz Athlon FSB
200
2
400
8
3,200
400MHz Pentium 4 FSB
100
4
400
8
3,200
533MHz Pentium 4 FSB
133
4
533
8
4,266
800MHz Pentium 4 FSB
200
4
800
8
6,400
32
168/184168/184-Pin DIMM/DDR DIMM (Capacità)
(Capacità)
Capacity
Parity/ECC SIMM
Nonparity SIMM
8MB
1MBx72
1MBx64
16MB
2MBx72
2MBx64
32MB
4MBx72
4MBx64
64MB
8MBx72
8MBx64
128MB
16MBx72
16MBx64
256MB
32MBx72
32MBx64
512MB
64MBx72
64MBx64
1,024MB
128MBx72
128MBx64
240-Pin DDR2 DIMM Capacities
Capacity
Parity/ECC SIMM
Nonparity SIMM
256MB
32MBx72
32MBx64
512MB
64MBx72
64MBx64
1,024MB
128MBx72
128MBx64
184-Pin RIMM Capacities
Capacity
Parity/ECC SIMM
Nonparity SIMM
64MB
32MBx18
32MBx16
128MB
64MBx18
64MBx16
256MB
128MBx18
128MBx16
512MB
256MBx18
256MBx16
1,024MB
512MBx18
512MBx16
33
34
35
36
ATA Standards
Standard
Timeframe
PIO
DMA
UDMA
Modes
Modes
Modes
Speed[1]
Features
ATA-1
1986–1994
0–2
0
—
8.33
Drives support up to 136.9GB; BIOS issues not addressed
ATA-2
1995–1996
0–4
0–2
—
16.67
Faster PIO modes; CHS/LBA BIOS translation defined up to
8.4GB; PC Card
ATA-3
1996–1997
0–4
0–2
—
16.67
SMART; improved signal integrity; LBA support mandatory;
eliminated single-word DMA modes
ATA-4
1997–1998
0–4
0–2
0–2
33.33
Ultra-DMA modes; BIOS support up to 136.9GB
ATA-5
1998–2000
0–4
0–2
0–4
66.67
Faster UDMA modes; 80-pin cable with auto detection
ATA-6
2000–2001
0–4
0–2
0–5
100.00
100MBps UDMA mode; extended drive and BIOS support up to
144PB
ATA-7
2001–
0–4
0–2
0–6
133.00
133MBps UDMA mode
present
SATA Standards Specifications
Specifications
Serial ATA Type
Bus Width (Bits)
Bus Speed (MHz)
Data Cycles per Clock
Bandwidth (MBps)
SATA-150
1
1500
1
150
SATA-300
1
3000
1
300
SATA-600
1
6000
1
600
37
38
SCSI: Tipi, DataData-Transfer Rates, and Cablaggi
Max.
Max.
Max.
SCSI
SCSI
Marketing
Speed
Clock
Transfer
Speed
Max. No. of
Cable
Length
Length
Length
Standard
Standard
Technology
Term
(MHz)
Width
(MB/s)
Devices[1]
Type
(SE)
(HVD)
(LVD)
SCSI-1
Async
Asynchronous 5
Transfer
8-bit
4
7
A (50-
6M
25M
-
6M
25M
-
6M
25M
-
3M
25M
-
3M
25M
-
3/1.5M[2]
25M
-
3/1.5M[2]
25M
-
-
-
12M[3]
-
-
12M[3]
-
-
12M[3]
-
-
12M[3]
-
-
12M[3
pin)
SCSI-1
Fast-5
Synchronous
5
8-bit
5
7
A (50pin)
SCSI-2
Fast-5/Wide
Wide
5
16-bit
10
15
P (68pin)
SCSI-2
Fast-10
Fast
10
8-bit
10
7
A (50pin)
SCSI-2
Fast-
Fast/Wide
10
16-bit
20
15
10/Wide
SCSI-
Fast-20
pin)
Ultra
20
8-bit
20
7
3/SPI
Fast-
3/SPI
20/Wide
SCSI-
Fast-40
Ultra/Wide
20
16-bit
40
7
Ultra2
40
8-bit
40
7
A (50pin)
SCSI-
Fast-
3/SPI-2
40/Wide
SCSI-
Fast-80DT
3/SPI-3
Ultra2/Wide
40
16-bit
80
15
Fast-160DT
Ultra3
40[4]
16-bit
160
15
Ultra4
Ultra5
P (68pin)
80[4]
16-bit
320
15
(Ultra320)
Fast-320DT
P (68pin)
(Ultra160)
3/SPI-4
3/SPI-5
P (68pin)
3/SPI-2
SCSI-
A (50pin)
SCSI-
SCSI-
P (68-
P (68pin)
160[4]
16-bit
640
(Ultra640)
15
P (68pin)
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
Power Consumption Ratings for PC Devices
Voltage
Devices Powered
+3.3V
Chipsets, DIMMs, PCI/AGP cards, miscellaneous chips
+5V
Disk drive logic, SIMMs, PCI/AGP cards, ISA cards, voltage regulators, miscellaneous chips
+12V
Motors, voltage regulators (high output)
Loose Tolerance
Desired Voltage
Min. (–
(–10%)
Tight Tolerance
Max. (+8%)
Min. (–
(–5%)
Max. (+5%)
+3.3V
2.97V
3.63V
3.135V
3.465V
+/–5.0V
4.5V
5.4V
4.75V
5.25V
+/–12.0V
10.8V
12.9V
11.4V
12.6V
Signal
Power_Good (+5V)
Minimum
3.0V
56
Maximum
6.0V
57
58