Programme of Events - The British School of Brussels
Transcription
Programme of Events - The British School of Brussels
Programme of Events (All event numbers listed on pages 9 & 10) Thursday 8:30 – 8:45 Warm up for all Teams Competition Pool and Warm up Pool Lanes to be assigned 8:45 – 9:00 Sprint Warm up All teams, Competition Pool Only (No Lane Assignment) SESSION 1 Heats for Events 1-20 9:10 12:30 LUNCH BREAK 13:30 Warm up for FINALISTS only Competition pool only 14:00 SESSION 2 Finals – Events 1-8 Awards Presentation Events 1-4 Finals – Events 9-12 Awards Presentation Events 5-8 Finals – Events 13-16 Awards Presentation Events 9-12 Finals – Events 17-20 Awards Presentation Events 13-20 16:00 Buses depart …. Friday 8:30 – 8:45 Warm up for all Teams Competition Pool and Warm up Pool Lanes to be assigned 8:45 – 9:00 Sprint Warm up All teams, Competition Pool Only (No Lane Assignment) 9:10 SESSION 3 Heats for Events 21-36 12:00 LUNCH BREAK 13:00 Warm up for FINALISTS only Competition pool only 13:30 SESSION 4 Finals – Events 21-28 Awards Presentation Events 21-24 Finals – Events 29-32 Awards Presentation Events 25-28 Finals – Events 33-36 Awards Presentation Events 29-36 15:00 Senior Recognition Walk 15:15 Closing Ceremonies and Team Awards 16:00 Buses depart … Welcome to the 2013 ISST Swimming Championships Dear Swimmers , It gives us great pleasure to welcome you to this year’s ISST Swimming Championships in Brussels. Over these two days you will enjoy the fun and camaraderie of being part of a team, representing your schools at the highest level. In team sports we find support, encouragement and a sense of community. However, swimming is also a sport where you are, ultimately, alone in your lane, aiming for your personal best, too - and you have to find your own motivation. As you approach this tournament, it may be for you the culmination of many weeks and months of training: everyone wants to do as well as they can. Of course not everyone can win a medal, but everyone can set themselves a personal goal, which inspires them to give their best - and everyone’s best will also add to their team’s success. May we wish you a competition full of enthusiasm and energy, and an experience that becomes a highlight of your swimming year. Good luck! Kevin Bartlett & Sue Woodroofe ISB & BSB Principals Host Schools Information The British School of Brussels Leuvensesteenweg 19 3080 Leuven Belgium International School of Brussels Kattenberg 19 1170 Brussels Belgium 0032 (0)2 766 0430 0032 (0)2 661 4211 www.britishschool.be http://www.isb.be 3 ISST Statement of Sportsmanship The purpose of the International Schools Sports Tournament is to provide a venue for athletes from the member schools to compete in an environment that is safe, challenging, professional and educational. Each athlete is given the opportunity to demonstrate her/his best athletic ability while maintaining a spirit of respect and co-operation with fellow athletes from various international backgrounds. Each event involves students and adults in their different roles these include the athletes, coaches, sports officials and spectators. All those involved in the event are expected to uphold the same spirit of respect and co-operation. This spirit is demonstrated by fair play among athletes, positive encouragement from coaches, impartial judgments from officials and respectful enthusiasm from spectators. The behaviour of the adults is crucial to the successful educational aspect of the tournament. The adults act as models for our athletes. Therefore profanity, deliberately making noises that distract and interfere with the performance of a competing athlete, the condemnation of coaches or officials, or any behaviour that is disrespectful or grading to the ISST standard of sportsmanship, jeopardizes the purposes of the ISST organisation and, most of all, jeopardises the quality of the experience for the athletes. As the event ensues, we ask that all of our parents, coaches, officials and athletes keep this vision of our purpose in mind. ISST Regulations for Students These regulations shall be followed by all students participating in tournaments and other athletic events organised by the International Schools Sports Tournament (ISST) Any student who participates in an ISST event agrees, by signing below, to obey the regulations. 1. Students shall obey all instructions given them by their host parents and their coaches as if these instructions were given to them by their own parents. This applies to all activities irrespective of location undertaken during the period of the tournament or competition. 2. Smoking, any other use of tobacco, the drinking of alcohol and the use of drugs are not permitted. 3. Housing arrangements made by the responsible official of the host school may not be changed. 4. Students must be in the home of the host parent by the curfew hour set by the school. Students in Grade 7 & 8 or Year 8 & 9 are not allowed out of the host's care unless chaperoned by the host parent and/or the coach. (This applies for all the days of the visit). 5. Neither host families nor students may negotiate changes to the ISST Regulations for Students with respect to curfew, housing arrangements, the use of tobacco, alcohol or drugs or any other rules or provisions set forth by the host school. 6. These regulations apply to all students: both those from the host school and those visiting throughout the competition's duration and, for visiting students, apply also during the journey to and from the site of the event. 7. Violation of these regulations will be reported to the responsible ISST Official and to the student's Head Teacher. The offending student will be removed from the tournament and from the host family home, and will either be placed under the direct supervision of his/her coach or sent home. 4 The Venue Sportoase is one of the major centres of sport in the city of Leuven. Besides the 8lane 25m pool it has three other pools for training and recreational purposes. There is a large sports hall for indoor sports, often featuring division 1 basketball games, bowling facilities, a climbing wall and other ancillary services. The ’Stella’ room which is located on the first floor has been put at the disposition of the 2013 ISST Swimming Championships and this is the area where swimmers may consume their pack lunches. A detailed floor plan of Sportoase may be found on the back cover. Lunch for coaches and officials will be provided in the ‘Artois’ room. We trust you will enjoy the venue and help us in keeping it clean. Numbers to Keep Handy Tournament Director - Shilo Dormehl 0031 498 861 937 Bus Coordinator - Henri Rammand 0032 235 66 350 Mercure Leuven - Coaches Hotel 0032 163 17 622 Sportoase Sport Complex 0032 167 40 740 I.S.B. - Jason Baseden 0032 477 76 1707 B.S.B - Richard Maclear 0032 498 86 1937 Emergency Numbers in Belgium 101 from Landlines 112 from GSMs Departure Schedule Friday Frankfurt 16:30 Philipssite ASH and BSN 16:30 Philipssite ASP 19:43 Brussels Midi ASL 19:52 Brussels Midi Cobham 19:52 Brussels Midi Hillingdon 19:52 Brussels Midi Saturday CAC 15:00 Zaventurn Airport Zurich 18:40 Zaventurn Airport 5 ACS Cobham Cougars Jack Boyle Camilla Loyning Victoria Odfjell Tetsushiro Suzuki Noah Browne Nicole Maurer Kyle Peterson Joey Talbot Hailey Bye Alex Maurer Finley Quinn Juan Terpollili Chris Daliere Georgina Myers William Robinson Esme Trahair Victor Lindoso Lucy Nehring Anusha Sonphalia Nene Yamasaki Coaches: Jan Carr, Carmen Georgescu-Spiers, Kelly Stokes American School of the Hague Trojans Noga Arad Maria Figueroa Paul McKenzie Julia Santiago Laura Cremer Anton Fourie Helen Nie Rebecka Sterri Hugo Duphorn Kristiann Koris Selina Nie Nils Vanwezer Ivan Ellero Oliver Maddock Antoine Paletta Peter Vogtlander Caio Ellero Mark McKenzie Pauline Sandor Amarenske Vogtlander Coaches: Jennifer Keyte, Lillian Vermeulen, Raya Arad, Guy van Polanen American School in London Eagles Tara Advaney Katie Dillon Olivia Halsted Sophie Rittenhouse Gabe Salitan-Alvarez Omar Elmasry Charlie Hennessy Jack Rozen Sissel Anderson Megan Gass Jonah Larson Andrew Stracener JD Costello Emmanuelle Gers Eliza Moyle Josey Troyer Riley Craig Emily Gossett Kailum Rinaldi Anna Young Coaches: Rod Anderson, Lindsey Schubert, Mara Bodis-Wollner American School of Paris Rebels Giulia Casella Katherine Krueger Ayesha Mutiara Sam Timmerman Clio Dinan Alex Laloum Domenico Potorti Tara Toppazzini Octave Duclos Hugo Laloum Axel Streit Sterre Vester Nadine El Taraboulsi Alison Mai Tracy Tang ShanilWijesinghe Joaquin Jerez Adam McMahon Dylan Thissen Beatriz Zepeda-Almazan Coaches: Sylvain Hervieux, Joseph Scanlon, Cathy McLaury 6 The British School of Brussels Dolphins Tayler Alliston Gregor James Maja Shannon Libby Ward Emily Budd Minseo Kim Griffiin Sharry Joshua Worsfield Euan Campbell Connor Pearce Victoria Simpson Karel De Paepe Rian Cook Scott Pearce Elliot Sodermann Sophie de Ville de Goyet Annie Hudson Rhiannon Pritchard Jacob Ward Stephanie Van Doninck Coaches: Selma Demirav, Sharon Keland British School of The Netherlands Megan Albon Robert Humphries Bernard Rivard Samuel Us Lara Clucas Toby Katerbau Ties Siebinga Megan Wainwright Jack Davies Lucy Kirkwood Daniel Standing Marina Welsh Kassidy Dawn Emma Pears David Tickner Richard Wilson Nic Rivard Elisabeth Rivard Millie Sparrow Maaike Brown Coaches: Pete Davies, Clare Harris Cairo American College Screaming Eagles Leila Alkhayat Richel Hodder Mariam Camilla Rechchad Taymour Sheta Aly Abdel Baky L’abri Keevy Seif Said Ali El Tawil Omar El Assir Timothy (Timmy) Khalifa Olivia Seneshen Lara Zaki Dorien Butter Farida Osman Hussein El-Shafei Sherif Zaki Lily Hodder Victor Lunar Quintero Youssef El-Sheikh Taya Zaki Coaches: Sayed Hassan, Char Webb Frankfurt International School Warriors Georgina Asmus-Bentley Mayuko Kamata Anna Carolina Moesrdorf Tobias Ruysen Emily Bly David Lee Karl Nielsen Laura Ruysen Katie Chapman Henrietta Macaulay Jessie Nielsen Hannah Schmidt Paige Fochtman Katerina Majetic Ashley Norton Johanna Henriksson Sakura Miyamoto Sebastian Ramos Melo Coaches: Kenneth Macaulay, Alexandra Macaulay 7 International School of Brussels Raiders Penelope Ainsworth Cédric Dondeyne-Gastaldello Kim Joon-Ho Stefan Lewis Jashiel Alamo Skye Fairley-Vogt Madison Jordan Giuseppe Mammino Claire d’Attoma Melissa Faucher Nathan Kellerhols Jasmin Rostran Balint Boros Max Herberg Ryuji Kobayashi Kate Stanley Jennifer Brownell Isabel Hesse Daizo Kobayashi Kate Trudeau Coaches: Nikki Lescrauwaet Monique-Vreugdenhil, Karl Vogt Munich International School Wildcats Leah Argus Abel Archundia Espinosa Marina Levochkina Julia Muehler Julia Baines Chiara Höppner Peter May Germaine Palfrey Fallon Daniels Lachlan Hore John McGrath Melissa Sinanovic Alexanndra Ellis Elise Hore Megan Miller Axel Steinmann Coaches: Heiko Horn, Mariette Horn St John’s International School Lions Claudia Barnett Miguel Cohnen Ryan Moore Kristoffer Seegert Benjamin Beardsley Dennis Fricke Katerina Nordgaard Haley Sinicropi Samantha Bello Grace Gardiner Alexandre Raskin Maximilian Steiner Paloma Noriega Burrill Alexander Hyldmar Helene Seegert Marysia Szarzynska Bruno Campos Soraya Kezelmann Josefine Seegert Alexandra Yazbeck Coaches: Laura Bailey, Anastasia Psaltopoulos Zurich International School Lions Ramzy Ali Luca Del Fabbro Yannick Machate Charles Whittaker-Curry Samuel Anderson Victoria Francois Isabel Niggli Danielle Wood Daniel Bensason Lothar Heimbach Erik Nilsson Anastasia Zakharova Fynn Brinkmann Lauren Isherwood Chloe Rasquinet Serina Zalkowitz Sylvia Capizzi Serina Karkhanis James Ryan Josh Zalkowitz Coaches: Jessie Myndio, Tyler Frohlich 8 Event # THURSDAY EVENTS 1 Junior Girls 200m Free 2 Junior Boys 200m Free 3 Varsity Girls 200m Free 4 Varsity Boys 200m Free 5 Junior Girls 100m Breaststroke 6 Junior Boys 100m Breaststroke 7 Varsity Girls 100m Breaststroke 8 Varsity Boys 100m Breaststroke 9 Junior Girls 100m Butterfly 10 Junior Boys 100m Butterfly 11 Varsity Girls 100m Butterfly 12 Varsity Boys 100m Butterfly 13 Junior Girls 50m Free 14 Junior Boys 50m Free 15 Varsity Girls 50m Free 16 Varsity Boys 50m Free 17 Junior Girls 200m Medley Relay 18 Junior Boys 200m Medley Relay 19 Varsity Girls 200m Medley Relay 20 Varsity Boys 200m Medley Relay 9 Event # FRIDAY EVENTS 21 Junior Girls 100m Free 22 Junior Boys 100m Free 23 Varsity Girls 100m Free 24 Varsity Boys 100m Free 25 Junior Girls 100m Backstroke 26 Junior Boys 100m Backstroke 27 Varsity Girls 100m Backstroke 28 Varsity Boys 100m Backstroke 29 Junior Girls 200m Ind. Medley 30 Junior Boys 200m Ind. Medley 31 Varsity Girls 200m Ind. Medley 32 Varsity Boys 200m Ind. Medley 33 Junior Girls 200m Free Relay 34 Junior Boys 200m Free Relay 35 Varsity Girls 200m Free Relay 36 Varsity Boys 200m Free Relay 10 Previous ISST Swimming Champions Year JV Girls JV Boys Varsity Girls 1985 ISB ISB ISB ISB - 1986 ISB ISB ISB ISB - 1987 CAC ISB ASL ISB - 1988 ISB ASL ASL ISB - 1989 STJ EUR ASL ISB - 1990 ISB CAC ASL ISB - 1991 ISB BSB ASL ISB - 1992 EUR BSB ISB CAC ISB 1993 CAC ASL ASL CAC ASL 1994 CAC ASL ISB ISB ASL 1995 CAC BSB ISB ISB CAC 1996 CAC BSB ZUR ISB ZUR 1997 CAC HIL ASL CAC CAC 1998 CAC CAC ASL HIL CAC 1999 ASL CAC CAC CAC CAC 2000 CAC CAC CAC CAC CAC 2001 CAC CAC CAC - CAC 2002 CAC CAC CAC CAC CAC 2003 CAC CAC ASL CAC CAC 2004 CAC COB CAC COB CAC 2005 CAC BSB BSB COB ISB/COB 2006 ISB BSN ISB COB CAC 2007 ISB CAC COB COB CAC 2008 ISB CAC COB COB CAC 2009 CAC CAC CAC BSN CAC 2010 CAC ASH CAC CAC CAC 2011 CAC CAC CAC BSN CAC 2012 BSN CAC BSN COB CAC 11 Varsity Boys Combined Previous Championship Records Cairo American College 16 Junior Boys Swimming Championships Cairo American College 12 British School of Brussels 5 International School of Brussels 8 International School of Brussels 3 St. John’s International School 1 American School in London 3 European School 1 European School 1 ACS Hillingdon International School 1 American School in London 1 ACS Cobham International School 1 British School in The Netherlands 1 British School in The Netherlands 1 American School of The Hague 1 Junior Girls Swimming Championships Varsity Girls Swimming Championships Varsity Boys Swimming Championships American School in London Cairo 9 International School of Brussels 10 American College 8 International School of Brussels 6 Cairo American College 8 ACS Cobham International School 2 ACS Cobham International School 6 Zurich International School 1 British School in The Netherlands 2 British School of Brussels 1 British School in The Netherlands 1 ACS Hillingdon 1 Combined Boys/Girls Swimming Championships Cairo American College 16 American School in London 2 International School of Brussels 2 ACS Cobham International School 1 Zurich International School 1 Event Scoring Placing 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Individual Events 9 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Relay Events 18 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 12 Short History of Leuven Leuven is very proud of both its past and its heritage, and rightly so. There is so much to see and to do in and around Leuven that one visit is simply not enough. Although the first references to the town can be traced back as far as the 9th century and in spite of its strategic location on the river Dyle, it was not until around the 11th-12th century that Leuven began to develop as an important trading centre within the Duchy of Brabant. It was at this time that its first town wall, churches, monasteries and abbeys were built. The town's once flourishing cloth trade had fallen into decline by the 14th century, but a new golden age dawned with the 15th century. The university was founded, various industrial concerns flourished and the main market square with its fine Gothic town hall was laid out. Its finely sculpted Town Hall and Saint Peter's church with its magnificent interior which is hung with the famous 'Last Supper' by Thierry Bouts, are fine examples of flamboyant Gothic architecture at its best. Dating from the same period are the Cloth Hall, 't Sestich House and many churches, including St Gertrude's with its magnificent choir stalls . Other architectural styles are not quite so much in evidence, but they can still be found. The Romanesque Gate, the Saint Lambert's church and the remains of the first town walls are still clearly in evidence. The 13th century beguinage complex has cobbled streets and fascinating 17th century houses. The Baroque style abounds in Leuven, from St Michael's church and the interior of the St John the Baptist's church to the unrivalled stucco of the Park Abbey. Both the Park Abbey and the Arenberg Castle are exciting mixtures of architectural styles. The town still owes much of its character to the numerous university college buildings dating from the 16th and 17th centuries, many of which were renovated in the 18th century. The Van Dale College is pure Renaissance style and the College of the Falcon, Pope's College and the Arras College are neo-classical style. Vlierbeek Abbey is a fine example of this trend. The building of paved roads, the canal in the 18th century and the expansion of the brewery created a great impetus for trade and population growth. Unfortunately, this prosperity came to a sudden end under the reign of Joseph II when the French invaded. The most significant development for Leuven in the 19th century was the building of the railway station and the construction of Bondgenotenlaan leading to it. The two World Wars in the 20th century destroyed much of Leuven and a great deal of the reconstruction work lasted well into the nineteen-sixties. Leuven has developed into a well-equipped, modern town with a thriving service industry economy and with a good balance of old and new buildings combining to offer a well- designed infrastructure to suit the demands of today's modern town with a rich tradition. On January 1st January 1995, Leuven became the capital of the province Flemish Brabant. The former province of Brabant was split into Flemish and Walloon Brabant and the metropolitan region of Brussels. This articles appears with the kind permission of the Commune of Leuven who hold the copyright. More information about Leuven can be found at www.leuven.be/toerisme. 13 Special thanks to… All the host families from the British School of Brussels and The International School of Brussels, without whom this tournament just couldn’t happen. Jason Basedon - Athletics Director at ISB Richard Maclear - Sports Administrator at BSB Shilo Dormehl - Meet Director Evelyn Simpson - Hosting Coordinator at BSB Jan Menten - Head Judge Annelies Vroman - Leuven Sportdienst Jan Willems - Sportoase Philipsite Shirley Brown - ISB Philip Hesse - ISB Laura Von Wullerstorff - ISB BSB Dolphins Swimming Club Erik Oerke - Program All helpers and volunteers from ISB and BSB Please remember... 1. 2. 3. If a swimmer gets out of the water before the last swimmer in the race finishes he/ she will be disqualified. No swimmer is allowed to swim back in their lane before their race is finished as this will interfere with other swimmers. To do so will result in a disqualification. Swimmers wishing to withdraw from a finals race and who do not register with the clerk or meet organizer during the warm-ups preceding the finals will not be allowed to swim in any other final for that day. The next swimmer from qualifying heats will then be eligible for the final. An injured swimmer will not be allowed to compete for the remainder of the day. For your safety and convenience 1. No shoes are allowed in the pool area. This includes the changing rooms, pool and adjacent corridors. Please ensure that you remove your shoes on entering this area. 2. Similarly, please ensure that you have shoes on when you leave the pool area (eg: to go to the ‘Stella’ room or Cafeteria). 3. 4. The 25m pool has been reserved for the ISST Swimming Championships. There are other pools in the complex which are for the use of the general public. ISST swimmers are asked NOT to enter these areas. Eating is strictly prohibited in the pool area. Swimmers have the ‘Stella’ room allocated for them if they wish to eat their packed lunches. During presentations please do not crowd the presentation area. This is to ensure that swimmers who are to receive an award can make their way to the podium with ease to prevent unnecessary delay. 5. 6. 14 DIRECTIONS TO SPORTOASE POOL PHILIPSSITE 6, 3001 LEUVEN Option 1:From Brussels take the E40 towards LUIK/LIEGE then the E314 towards GENK. Take the first exit (15) and follow the N264 to the big viaduct. Turn right onto the Leuven ring road R23. Take the first road on the right AFTER the second set of traffic lights. Turn right into the tunnel and right into the toll car park. Option 2: Take the N3 east toward Leuven. Due to roadworks follow deviation signs as follows; turn left onto Walsebaan for 1.8 km (merges into Moorselstraat) then turn right into Groenlane. Continue straight until a fork in the road, keep to the right, into Grenstraat. Follow Grenstraat as it bends and becomes Diepestraat. Continue on Diepestraat until t-junction and turn left into Kruisstraat. Follow Kruisstraat and make a left onto Tervuurensesteenweg/N3 East. Take the N3 until you reach Leuven, Turn right onto the Leuven ring road R23. Take the first road on the right AFTER the second set of traffic lights. Turn right into the tunnel and car park. Sportoase Philipsite Construction Detour British School of Brussels 15 Coach’s Route from Hotel 16 Team Scoring for Swimming & T&F The following process will be used to determine the placing of teams in Swimming and T&F where we have the categories of varsity boys, varsity girls, junior boys and junior girls. In each category the team placed FIRST will receive 1 point; the team placed SECOND will receive 2 points; the team placed THIRD will receive 3 points and so on. Schools that are NOT represented in any category (no athlete) will receive the maximum number of points EQUAL to the total number of schools that are participating in the championships. For example: If there are 13 schools participating the following applies: In the VB category there are 13 schools represented; 1st place = 1pt; 2nd place = 2 pts; 3rd place = 3 pts and so on until the 13th place team = 13pts In the VG category there are 6 schools represented; 1st place = 1pt; 2nd place = 2 pts; 3rd place = 3pts and so on until the 6th place team = 6pts. THEN the remaining 7 schools (who are not represented) are awarded 13pts. In the Junior Boys category there are 4 schools represented: 1st place = 1pt; 2nd place = 2 pts; 3rd place = 3pts and so on until the 4th place team = 4pts. THEN the remaining 9 schools (who are not represented) are awarded 13pts. In the Junior Girls category there are 12 schools represented; 1st place = 1pt; 2nd place = 2 pts; 3rd place = 3 pts and so on until the 12th place team = 12pts. THEN the remaining school (that is not represented) is awarded 13pts. Represented schools that are tied within a category: Should there be tied teams within a category those schools will be awarded the point value for that place. For example In the VG category there are 6 schools represented; 1st place = 1pt; TIED 2nd place = 2 pts; TIED 2nd place = 2 pts; TIED 2nd place = 2 pts; The NEXT team is placed 5th and is awarded 5 pts, the 6th place team = 6pts. THEN the remaining 7 schools (who are not represented) are awarded 13pts. Overall Scoring: For the overall placing add the 4 category scores for a total score. The school with the LOWEST total is the overall Champion. Overall Score Tie Breaker: If 2 or more teams are tied in overall score for relegation or promotion the tie will be broken by removing each team’s best score, then adding the remaining three scores. If still tied this procedure should be repeated again until the tie is broken. If the teams have four identical team placings a coin flip is the only way. Example: Team A places 2+5+7+2 = 16 Team B places 9+2+4+1 = 16 Eliminate one of Team Aʹs 2ndʹs and Team Bʹs 1st New totals: Team A places 5+7+2 = 14 Team B places 9+2+4 = 15 Tea A finishes in the higher place. 17 NOTES ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 18 Leuven SPORTPLAZA Begone Grond Zwembad TODDLER POOL & HOT TUBS (DO NOT USE) PRACTICE POOL (2 ISST LANES) 19