Counter IED Solutions

Counter IED Solutions
Defense against Radio Controlled Triggers
used to detonate RCIED weapons
From the RCIED Task Force of Homeland Security Strategies GB
www.bombjammer.com (web) [email protected] (email)
RCIED Jammers: Index
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What is an RCIED?
Defining the
problem.
Common threats &
examples
ECM Jamming
Systems
Protection
Distances
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Designing the Right
Jammer for the Right
Mission
About the
BombJammer™
Architecture
Jammer Variations
and Deployment
Please note: the contents of this program are
UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY NO COPIES AUTHORIZED!
Questions? Requests? Contact the Electronic Warfare Division,
Homeland Security Strategies GB [email protected] (e-mail)
RCIED stands for:
Radio Controlled
Improvised Explosive Device.
In other words, an RCIED is an
Explosive Device which utilizes a
radio receiver as a detonation
switch.
Improvised means this Explosive
weapon was not assembled in a
factory, but put together in
someone’s house, with
commercial electronic parts such
as car alarm equipment to mobile
cellular phones.
Defining the Problem of Radio Controlled IED Weapons
The problem in dealing with RCIED weapons is that you do not know what
type of RCIED that needs to be defeated (as in the case of cellular based
triggers, wireless data based triggers, or RF spectrum detonators anywhere
from low Megahertz to high Gigahertz frequency bands).
You do not know the distance between the Trigger-Man and the RCIED’s radio
receiver.
You also do not know the power
of the Trigger-Man’s transmitter.
Understanding these basic ideas
is vital, as once the defender
acknowledges these issues (these
unknown variables), one can
prepare accordingly.
Common IED Threats, their general bandwidth locations,
and their respective frequencies where they reside.
Examples of IED Threats
In order to understand how improvised
explosive devices are put together, look at the
components of this Car Alarm.
Now look what happens when you remove the
siren and replace it with an explosive payload
and blasting caps. The commercial appliance
has now been transformed into a deadly weapon.
Additional Examples of Commercially Available Electronics that can
be built into an IED Threat
Cordless
Phones
Wireless
Doorbells
Radio
Controlled
Toy Cars &
Toy
Airplanes
Wireless
PDAs
Garage
Door
Openers
Keyless
Entry
Equipment
Electronic
Pagers &
Restaurant
Paging
Equipment
Business
Radios
CB Radios
Satellite
Phones
Walkie
Talkies
(uhf & vhf
radios)
Cellular
Phones
ECM Jamming Systems:
Countering the threat
There are several RF Jamming technologies in use today.
Electronic CounterMeasures are found to use multiple
methods and techniques. They include:
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Swept Spectrum Jamming
Barrage (Random Swept CW) Jamming
Intelligent Spot Jamming
Swept Continuous Wave Jamming
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Swept CW (Continuous Wave) is a jamming technique that can be explained
explained in which the carrier frequency of the
jamming is not noisemodulated,
but
only
swept
over
the
frequency
ranges that correspond
noise
correspond to the bands that
could be used by radio triggers. In this technique, the exact frequency
frequency of the radio trigger does not have to be
known ahead of time.
If the band is relatively narrow, then the carrier need not be modulated
modulated to still be effective in jamming the
receiver. However, this is usually not the case, and therefore, the jamming effectiveness of swept CW is greatly
diminished when deployed over a wide bandwidth.
The reason for this is that the sweep rate must be very fast in order to rere-visit all the frequencies within the
swept band. If the sweep rate is too slow, then the radio trigger
trigger can function between the time it takes for the
sweep to return again to the same operating frequency or channel.
channel.
But the fast sweep rate causes the jamming carrier to sweep past the receiver’
receiver’s channel so rapidly that there is
not enough time for the jamming signal to buildbuild-up to its maximum level as perceived by the receiver. This effect
effect
is particularly evident in communication receivers that have a
Relatively narrow channel width or receiver “passband.”
passband.” If the sweep is slowed down to allow more time for the
receiver to respond to the jamming signal, then the rere-visit time is increased, and that opens up the opportunity
for the radio trigger to function (as mentioned). Significantly increasing the power of the jammer can balance to
some extent the inevitable losses peculiar to swept CW jammers.
Intelligent Spot Jamming
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Spot Jamming is an effective technique, but only when the frequency
frequency or channel of the radio trigger is known in
advance. The carrier frequency of the jammer is modulated by a random
random noise waveform to form a signal whose
noise bandwidth overlaps that of the suspected signal transmitted
transmitted over to the radio trigger. The noise interferes
with the reception of the desired signal and prevents the bomb from
from being detonated.
Unfortunately, this technique is only effective if the frequency is known absolutely and positively in advance,
which is usually not the case. Attempts have been made to first detect and measure the frequency of the radio
trigger in order that a jammer can be tuned or “setset-on”
on” to the frequency.
However, the extremely short time required to intercept, measure and setset-on a spotspot-jammer to the frequency of
the radio link signal - in the presence of many other legitimate signals across the frequency
frequency spectrum - make this
an exceedingly difficult task.
Barrage Jamming
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Barrage is a jamming technique that overcomes the problem of not knowing the operating frequency or channel
of the radio trigger used to detonate the IED. It is similar to spot noise, except that the bandwidth of the noisenoisemodulated jamming signal is made much greater in order to cover an entire communication band rather than just
one channel.
The carrier frequency of the jammer is modulated by a noisenoise-like waveform to form a signal whose bandwidth fills
the entire band with noise that is perceived by the receiver as interference.
The disadvantage of Barrage Noise is that the noise is spread over
over such a large spectral bandwidth that its
jamming effectiveness is degraded, yet this is compensated for by
by increasing the RF power output of the jammer
from hundreds of watts to even thousands of watts.
Barrage Jamming is typically effective against very lowlow-powered transmitters that are located at distances far
from the IED. It may also be effective against narrowband frequency
frequency ranges.
Protection Distances
Many Jammer manufacturers give a “Protection Distance”.
There are many unknown, uncontrolled variables such as enemy
transmitter power, distance between transmitter and receiver, and
distance between jammer and RCIED. Therefore, it is impossible to
calculate an actual “Protection Distance”.
Testing distances under controlled conditions are the ONLY values which
can be validated for protection distances.
Is the terrorist using a GSM Cell phone or a
2 Watt FRS 2-Way Radio?
Did he modify his 2 Watt Radio in to a 5
Watt Radio?
You don’t know! Neither does ANY
Jammer Manufacturer!
The only way to effectively defend against this threat is with a
barrage type jammer with brute force to jam the receiver from
receiving the enemy signal to detonate.
Distances (continued)
UT
P
T
U
DO
RCIED
R
WE
O
P
AN
E
C
N
A
As previously stated, no distance can
IST
D
be guaranteed as a result of multiple
WN
O
N
K
factors which are beyond control.
UN
Transmitter with
unknown power output
However, the BombJammer™ VIP Systems have been
tested against multiple threats at controlled distances and
output powers.
Protection Distances (continued)
The following are typical results achieved when testing known threats against a
BombJammer™ VIP 500 Series.
DTMF Encode
137 MHz
HAM Radio
DEFEATED
175 MHz
Garage Door Openers
DEFEATED
223 MHz
Long Range Cordless
Phone
DEFEATED
430 MHz
Car Alarm Key Fobs
DEFEATED
460 MHz
FRS/GMRS Radios
DEFEATED
470 MHz
UHF 2-Way Radio
w/DTMF
DEFEATED
800-2000 MHz
ALL Cell Phone
Protocols
DEFEATED
2400-2500 MHz
ALL Satellite Phone
Frequencies
DEFEATED
2495-4000 MHz
RF Commercial
Frequencies
DEFEATED
3995-6000 MHz
RF Commercial
Frequencies
DEFEATED
Under controlled conditions, the radius around vehicle equipped with the
VIP 300 series against RCIED threats at 175 to 310 Meters from vehicle defeated
these threats.
SUMMARY
All unmodified threats on frequencies from 10-6000MHz (No breaks) are
EFFECTIVELY JAMMED when tested at 250 Meters on average with jammer at
center point between RCIED Receiver and the Enemy Transmitter.
RCIED Jammers: Users & Missions
RCIED Jammers are
used in:
• Convoy missions
• Facility installations
• Perimeter borders
Convoy Security: Drivers of vehicles switch them on to
protect from Roadside Bombs. Drivers switch them off to
communicate, unless they initiate a BombJammer™ utility
with sub-band ‘windows’ or notches in the RF Jamming
Spectrum to exchange brief voice or data broadcasts.
Facility Jamming: To prevent terrorist / insurgent attack on
Government controlled buildings, RF Jammer shielding is
implemented to combat RCIED and Suicide Bomber attacks
using hand-carried Radio Triggered weapons. From
embassies, military camps – barracks, as well as commercial
locations where people are targeted are all areas to be
defended against attack by RCIEDs.
Perimeter borders: Because terrorists target people in
transit, the safety of a border crossing is no exception.
Checkpoints within or adjoining hostile environments where
the rule of law may be challenged by bands of individuals on
route to commit attack by RCIED deploy BombJammer™
configurations. Solutions involve stationary and mobile units.
Users & Missions: Who Decides what type of
Jammer to Deploy?
BombJammer™ RF Jammers are designed to defeat many types of threats.
However, Jammers are also ordered to be constructed to the specifications of
Procurement Groups, generally untrained in RCIED Defeat. When buyers
compare RF Jammers from one manufacturer to another, the result is rarely a
proper comparison, as price, not theory of operation, generally determines
which system is the one for the mission.
The only qualified buyer of an RF Jammer used to keep those safe from RCIED
threats would be one who has undergone the proper EOD education on
Countering IED threats.
In most instances, BombJammer™ training is available at the production facility
for one reason only: When a buyer learns from the engineering officers who
build the systems operating in the field, they gain a better intelligence level on
what to expect, the inter-relationship between the jamming equipment and
physics involved, and what type of Jammer is the one for the mission at hand.
Open-Ended Architecture
All BombJammer™ VIP Systems are of modular design and open-ended
architecture. This ability allows for addition of modules for future RF threats
of higher frequency.
The modular design of the BombJammer™ systems allows for continued operation of
unaffected modules should a module fail or be destroyed. Most other jammers become
non-functional should a failure occur.
Jammer Variations
There are 3 Types of BombJammer™ variations.
What follows are a brief collection of some of the
models designed for use in multiple environments by
multiple users:
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Vehicle Mounted BombJammer™
Transportable BombJammer™
Stationary BombJammer™
VIP-300T
COVERT IED JAMMER — TRUNK MOUNTED VERSION
Model VIP-300T BombJammer™
is a modular Electronic
Countermeasure System for
covert operation, designed for
defensive jamming of Radio
Controlled Improvised Explosive
Devices (RCIEDs).
The BombJammer™ VIP-300T uses proprietary RF technology to transmit Fast
Randomly Swept Continuous Wave (CW) signals that interfere with the operation
of radio-controlled links used to detonate explosives such as roadside bombs.
This multi-band jammer is comprised of seven (7) modules that jam all known
RCIED threats in the frequency range of 20 MHz to 2500 MHz. Specific threats
include VHF and UHF Radios, Long-Range Cordless Phones, Cellular Phones,
Satellite Phones, Remote Control Devices such as RC Models and Wireless
Actuators, Pagers and Portable Radios— Walkie-Talkies.
The BombJammer™ VIP-300T provides contiguous spectral
coverage from 20 to 2,000 MHz and from 2,400 to 2,500 MHz;
thus creating an intensive barrage of interference over seven
(7) frequency bands. The target is thus protected against attack
from RCIEDs by preventing the detonation of the associated
explosive bomb.
The system is suitable for mounting inside any vehicle’s cargo area or within the
trunk. It is powered directly by the existing 12-volt automotive electrical system if
equipped with a high-output alternator.
VIP-300TE
High Power Barrage Jammer
When additional spectral coverage is required for unforeseen threats, the VIP300TE is required. Providing an extended
RF Jamming envelope, the VIP300TE exudes electromagnetic interference using
a full force barrage of energy in a manner that attacks radio waves at the
receiving end to counter a radio triggering device from receiving signals.
System Architecture is designed to counter
RCIED threats of commercially available radio
electronics found in IEDs, Sattelite Phone &
Cellular IEDs, Long Range Cordless Phone
IEDs, and other known threats (and future
unknown threats)
Designed as the next level from the VIP300T series, the VIP300TE offers RF
Jamming starting at 20MHz through 6,000 MHz for the reason that there does
exist threats at the higher spectrum. Although those threats are limited, they
still exist and the VIP300TE is able to target those dangers from receiving an
RCIED detonation signal.
The High Powered Jamming System can also be deployed in an Armored SUV
VIP-500
HIGH POWER BOMBJAMMER™
(ROOF MOUNTED)
The VIP 500 was built with modular system
architecture to meet the changing tactical and
operational threat environment:
• Band-specific modules for threat specific coverage enabling a high spectral power
density and effective jamming radius
• Multiple matched antennas for higher radiation efficiency
This is a multi-band jammer with extended abilities that interferes with signals in
the frequency range of 20 MHz to 6 GHz. Including most current threats including
cell phones, walkie talkies, and satellite phones. Using this unique technique, the
Bombjammer™ VIP 500 creates intensive barrage interference within the whole
frequency range and at the same time amplifies the jamming signal on the 6 narrow
frequency channels which makes it more effective against the use of walkie talkies
and cell phones – known devices utilized by terrorists for remote control
detonation.
The system is suitable for
mounting on any vehicle.
The VIP-500 is one of a series of
jamming systems that offers
protection against radio-controlled
roadside bombs to VIPs and
Military and Government
Personnel.
By effectively emitting a protective
shield of electromagnetic
radiation, the target is protected
against a terror attack with a
remote controlled improvised
explosive device (RCIED).
VIP-300c
Communications Jammer
The VIP-300C is a vehicle mounted Communications Jammer. This Com
Jammer provides communication jamming within the range of 20MHz 2,500MHz on the RF Spectrum without any frequency gaps, ensuring
complete and continuous RF jamming to attack all respective
communication bands.
The VIP300c Com Jammer has successfully eliminated the use of
a Laptop for programming & operating.
(Traditional RF Jammers are deployed with a Laptop for
programming of RF threats to be defeated. )
The VIP300C has its own interface built in for Field Programming,
with SELECTABLE TUNING of communication bands deemed to be
threat sources without the need for factory adjustment.
This provides greater
accuracy and ease for
battlefield communication
jamming, as well as RCIED
Defeat.
VIP-900
STATIONARY RF JAMMER
for Buildings, Barracks, Checkpoints
The VIP 900 was designed for buildings, checkpoints, border crossings, security
gates, force protection barracks, and environments that restrict radio frequency
traffic that might be used to trigger radio detonators of explosive weapons.
Our technology is configured in modular components in order to regulate a
continuous broadcasting format of radio interference. This interference overpowers
radio receivers used to detonate remote controlled IED weapons from receiving
their detonation commands.
The RF Jammer helps secure and protect people in and by office buildings,
embassies, consulates, and border crossing checkpoints from terrorist activated
remote controlled bombs that are generally built as Improvised Explosive Devices.
IED’s are simple to build and thanks to the BombJammer ™ line of RF Jammers,
able to be defeated. The Stationary RF Jammer may also be used to protect homes,
schools, convention halls, public buildings, hotels, and other civilian gathering places
used targeted by terrorists.
The Bomb Jammer ™ VIP 900 uses sophisticated RF technology
and transmits radio interference signals that spread out,
saturating the spectrum of radio frequencies in order to block
trigger devices from activating remote controlled explosive
bombs. The jamming has no dangerous effects on normal vehicle
electronics, computer, telephone or other office equipment
functions.
VIP-300U
TRANSPORTABLE RF JAMMER
This is a transportable system. As such, it can be moved from vehicle to vehicle, and does not need to be
temporarily or permanently installed in a vehicle. The Transportable RF Jammer incorporates optional jamming
modules for extended frequency coverage as well as increased output for optimum RF jamming.
To activate jamming, it takes about 1 second to turn on the system switch. When this Radio Jammer broadcasts
electromagnetic interference using extended frequencies, the chance of detonating a roadside bomb or radio
controlled mine are reduced.
This Radio Jammer yields additional power output to increase the level of protection around the area of
deployment in order to jam radio receivers of a remote controlled IED, especially if the radio transmitter happens
to be located in close proximity to the radio receiver/ radio detonator.
Using Radio Jammers with an expanded architecture helps to cover both known and unknown threats in VHF, UHF,
and Microwave frequency ranges. Expanded architectural design provides for the dealing with future threats as
they arise and as determined by the user. By adding jamming modules, the power output can be increased,
offering increased saturation of the electromagnetic spectrum.
The Transportable RF Jammer model VIP300U uses a
proprietary barrage jamming method to defeat remote
controlled improvised explosive devices. It works by
sending out RF Jamming signals to jam radio receivers
while in motion or standing still.
VIP-200M
Portable RF ECM JAMMER
(Briefcase Version)
ECM Jammers such as the VIP 200 is a hand held Bomb Jammer ™
built into a briefcase. It transmits RF interference to block radio
receivers found in a Cellular IED, Satellite Phone IED, Mobile IED,
and other Radio IED triggers from obtaining any RF signals, and is
vital to preventing an RCIED or Remote Controlled
Improvised Explosive Device from receiving a detonation signal.
This hand carried RF Jammer neutralizes the RF Signal or detonation
signal as a result of increased saturation of RF interference it
transmitters.
RF Jamming using the portable RF Jammer gives the user the edge
when trying to avoid an attack from a Remote Controlled IED.
Specific IED ambushes involve a terrorist or insurgent transmitting a
detonation command from a landline or
cellular phone to a Cellular IED, Mobile IED, or Satellite Phone IED.
In these instances, the phone is connected to an explosive and is
detonated on command by someone who can generally see if the
victim is within range of the IED.
Other instances involve a Radio Controlled IED that receives an RF detonation signal from a
trip-wire, motion sensor, or other automatic trigger that the victim unknowingly activates.
The RF transmission to the IED,
therefore, can be unmanned and cause the IED to operate as a remote controlled land mine
or radio fired mine activated by an RF signal. The VIP 200 Bomb Jammer ™ can neutralize
that threat.
The VIP 200 Bomb Jammer ™ is built into a briefcase and may be carried as such. It
transmits RF interference, whether the user is moving or standing still. The VIP 200 Bomb
Jammer ™ jams the signals of unauthorized transmitting devices used to activate explosive
weapons. Users range from government officials, government contractors, mine clearance
personnel, diplomats, dignitaries, etc.
VIP-250PC
Cellular COM JAMMER
(non-BombJammer™)
This is a portable, lightweight RF Jammer, that can jam cellular phones in office
buildings as well as outside on the ground. It can be moved from vehicle to
vehicle, and requires no vehicle installation.
The Cellular Com Jammer is the perfect choice for restricting cellular phone users
in CONFERENCE ROOMS to contain private and confidential information. The
Cellular Com Jammer is also used by SWAT Teams, Hostage Negotiators, and
Tactical Response Agents who need a field portable Jamming system to defeat
criminal communications.
The Cellular Com Jammer is designed to cover all cell phone frequencies: GSM
800/900, DCS/PCS/GSM1800, 3GPP as well as alternate wireless frequency bands
such as 802.11b (WiMAX, WiFi). This is a User friendly Communication Jammer,
easy to operate, requires no special training to work.
The modular configuration allows the user to choose the frequency bands according his needs. Should one module get shot by weapons fire
and fail, all other modules will still operate, as they are independent of one another. The VIP-250PC has a built in system that provides
feedback of operational status in real-time, with low voltage protection and protection “by fault start”. The system’s architecture is scalable,
allowing additional communication bands to be selected and incorporated should the user require.
VIP-300DS
Programmable
Barage Jammer)
With an Output Power greater than 200W (our base version), and extensions up to 300W available, the Programmable
Barrage Jammer is a likely choice for those seeking a multi-band jammer with higher EM saturation levels.
The VIP 300DS can be field programmed to allow "windows" for communication as required. The system is suitable for
mounting inside any vehicle's cargo area or within the trunk. It is powered directly by the existing 12-volt automotive
electrical system if equipped with a high-output alternator. The VIP-300DS is one in a series of the new generation of
programmable jamming systems that offers protection to VIP’s, military, and government personnel against the
continued threat of terrorist acts.
Covert Antenna: For discreet ECM Missions,
our proprietary covert antenna with heavy
duty magnet mounts can be placed on top of
the vehicle and withstand vehicle high speed
travel.
Additional Features:
•Unlimited Operation Time with engine running
•No modification required of the vehicle’s
electrical system
•Allows for installation between vehicles
•Antennas and wiring harnesses can be
pre-installed to allow easy exchange between
vehicles
VIP600 Man-pack
Barrage Jammer
With our Man-pack Barrage Jammer VIP600, the user can take operate a portable
ECM Jamming system in the field while moving or standing still. With internal and
external antenna configurations available, the Man-pack Barrage Jammer VIP600
allows users to travel in between vehicles, buildings, and unfriendly areas where
the threat of RCIED weapons is high.
For frequency coverage, the Man-pack Barrage Jammer VIP600 covers most
frequency threat bands where the use of remote controlled IEDs are high, yet
extensions for additional frequency band coverage are available.
A wired remote control can be provided for increased jamming control without
interruption of operator duties.
The Man-pack Barrage Jammer is compact,
portable, and lightweight. It is ideal for civil
defense teams and explosive ordnance
disposal - EOD users in domestic or
international environments.
It can be carried like a backpack, or placed in a
vehicle for greater mobility.
VIP650 Man-pack
Barrage Jammer
THE VIP-650 is an advanced RF Jammer with DDS
technology built into a portable Back Pack configuration
giving the user mobility during counterterrorist operations.
This system is a soldier-worn platform which offers many
exciting new features only available from HSS
BombJammer™ RCIED Defeat Jamming Systems.
•Rugged Waterproof Man-pack Construction
•Field deployable for rugged terrain environments
•Folded Antennas Incorporated in Jammer Case
•External Antennas Available
•Allows for installation between vehicles.
•Fully Programmable Modules.
Concentrations are focused on maximum jamming energy
directed at threat frequencies. Frequency windows
(notches) are allowed to prevent the unwanted jamming of
friendly frequencies. Special antennas designed for the VIP
650 Man-pack provide omni-directional coverage against
RCIED threats while maintaining safe levels of RF exposure
to the operator.
•Modules Programming via
built-in programmer and
display
•Preprogrammed
Configurations Selectable via
Remote Control Device
For more information on
Countering RCIED Threats
Thank you for your interest in Homeland Security Strategies GB and
the BombJammer™ VIP Series of Radio Controlled Improvised
Explosive Device Defeat Jamming Systems.
For procurement, investor relations, distributor opportunities,
questions, or technical support, please contact the Electronic
Warfare Division at [email protected]
You may visit us on the internet at:
www.bombjammer.com
This presentation is © 2010 by Homeland Security Strategies GB
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED