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STANDARD
NEW YORK, SATURDAY, JANIJARY 8, 1887.
The c u e of Dr. McGlynn brings u p in
Aeflnite form Hie m o s t i m p o r t a n t issues
Kviucii h a v e e v e r been presented in t h e bisof tiie Catliolic Churc-h in t h e U n i t e d
I t lias in faet au interest far t r a n soeading thif. country, insomuch a s t h e
ejuestion which it involves is t h e a t t i t n d e of
t h e g f c a t e s t of Christian churchcs tøward,
t b e world-wide social inovement of o u r
times, a n d its dccision will be f r a u g h t with
t b e m o s t important- consequenccs, botli t o
t h e development of t h a i i n o v e m e n t a n d t o
t h e C h u r c h itsel f.
te.
&.
W l i a t e v e r m a y liave been his communications t o bis ecclcsiastical superiors, Dr.
McGlynn h a s t o t h e public a t large m a i n #
tained a m o s t p r u d e n t a n d dignifiedsilence.
W h a t h a s l>een g-i ven !o t h e press h a s come
4from
t h e archbishop hiniself, or tlie famislit
. »**
Jiarsof his palace a a d eedesiastical council.
F r o m tliose sourecs t h e public know t h a t
Dr. McGlynn h a s been dcprived of his
pastoral c h a r g e und his menns of livelihood a n d lias been ordcred to report to
tø
fvome, n o t because of a n y moral offense,
H i y Rhortcoming in personal dutics or a n y
tbeological heresy, h u t because of lus expression of oeitain oconomie beliefs a n d
political prefereiices. Nover before in the*
trøtory of this*couutry h a s t h e r e been sucli
m barefaced a t t e m p t t o use t h e Catholic
if
C t m r c h a s a political machinc—such a n
«udacious cxercise of ecclcsiastical power
fc> stille politibil opinion a n d control political action. Y e t tiiis o u t r a g e o u s a t t e m p t t o
u s e tlie p o w e r of Korne J a A m e r i c a n politics lias excited n o remonstrance o n tlie
p a r t of tlie press, deminatcd, a s t h e press is,
for t h e most p a r t , b y iufiueuces whicli
trould giadly sec tlie Catholic C h u r c h used
l o k e e p down a n y qucstionings of social
injustioe, a n d t o p r e v e n t a n y political
action o n t h e p a r t of workinonien. W i t h
tem exceptions i h e leading p a p e r s h a v e
manifcsted a n evident sdtisfaction tliat
a n extinguisher, a s t h e y suppose, lias
been
put
upon
t h e radical
uttera a c e s of " t l i e Priest of t h e Poor," a n d
W « v e n j o u r n a l s ordinariJy m o s t sensitive t o
a **papal aggressious"' h a v e softly patted
Archbishop Corrigan on tlie back a s a n enforcer of discipline a n d a savior cf society.
Mr. J o s e p h Pulitzer, of t h e World, has,
tndecd, r e m a r k e d t h a t deposition w a s too
a e v e r e a punishment. Sonic punishment,
h e a s s u m e s , o u g h t t o be visited u p o n t h e
priest w h o v e n t u r e d t o oppose t h e " F a t t y
W a l s h e s " t h a t i n t h e recent election rallied round Mr. H e w i t t to save society,, b u t
i n t h e kinducss of his h e a r t a n d t h e m a g a a n i m i t y of a victor, Mr. P u l i t æ r would
evidently b e satislied witli t h e sending of
fiie m o s t eloquent a n d best beloved of New
Y o r k p a s t o r s from tlie l a r g e s t of nietropoliEHta» li?.ri«hes t o s o m e oibseure country stat k r a , w h e r e h e could n o t prove a s t u m b l i n g
l å ø c k a n d a n offense to N e w York rings.
, O n tlie o t h e r -hand, n i a n y of his co-believers, while deeply i u d i g n a n t a t t h e t r e a t a o é a t o f Dr. McGlynn, h a v e , in t h e absence
øf a n y word t o tlie contrary, assumed t h a t
••%•
I
h e m u s t go t o Rome, a n d some of
them» seem t o t h i n k t h a t it would be well
f o r h i m t o g o tor t h e purpose of m a k i n g a
d e a r issue before tlie authorities of t h e
C h u r c h a s t o tlie action of t h e archbishop.
T i m s t h e m a t t e r s t a n d s a t this writing.
B o m i n N e w York of parents whose
m o t l i e r t o a g u e %as Irish, Dr. McGlynn reoeiveii tlie first p a r t of his education in our
public schools a n d g r a d u a t e d witli honor
i n t o tlie F r e e A c a d e m y ; but, selected by
Archbishop H u g h e s because of his promise
a n d of his desire for t h e vocation of a priest,
h e left tlie F r e e Acadeaiy t o become a
Student i n t h e P r o p a g a n d a College in
B o m e . I n tliat i a m o a s college, whei-e stud e n t s of all races, colors a n d languages
n i e e t o n a footing of |>ei'fect equality, h e
o o t only acquired a tliorough classical educ a t i o n , a m a s t e r y of t h e Italian a n d o t h e r
continental languages a u d laid broad
a n d d e e p foundations for tiieological
atudies t h a t did not cease witli his student
d a y s , b u t h e l«u-ned t h a t trul^' catliolic lesaon tliat only intercourse with men of differeut races a n d conditions c a n g i v e — t h e
lesson t h a t 4i H e h a t h m a d e of o n e blood
a l l t h e nations of men "—tliat " a in:ui's a
n i a n for a' t h a t . " U<'turning with higli
h o o o r s io liis native land, a priest a n d docl o r of divinity, Dr. McGlynn servetl lor
i i u « e y e a r s a s chaplain of a milihiiy hospit a l d u r i n g Hie war, w a s for &)mc lime pasÉorof S t Ann*s, uniil ill-hcaith coinpelled
h i m t o t a k c a t r i p to E u r o p e ; a n d was associated a s assistant witli t w o of tlie most
n o t a b l e of New York Catholic pastors,
F a t n e r Farrell a n d Dr. Cunmiings, both devoted Catliolics, b u t a t t h e s.iiue time both
deeply inibucd with tlie free spirit of
American inst itutions. A t l h c d e c e a s e of
O r . C u a i m i n g s in 16G«i Dr. McGlynn became
pastor of S t Stephen*», tlie l a t e s t t h o u g h
n o t t h e wealthiest \vn ish of New York—for
i t s c o n g r e g a t i o n is :uostly d i a w n from t h e
• a s t side.
i>
Dr. McGlynn does n o t owe his promia e n c e t o t h e atientioii excited by t h e efforts
tbu punfch >ii. . for his political opinions.
Becoguized bj- «-ommon conseiit as tin:
•blest, a n d strangest of Catliolic priests in
U c w York, pubhc opinion pointed to h i m a s
tural successor t o ^tlie aix?hbishopric of
» diocese, a n d h a d it not been for his ati d e o n t h e school question, h e would
doufrtjess long e r e t h i s h a v e i-eached t h e
•ichiepiscopal dignity a u d p e r h a p s t h e
«aidinaiate. As it i s lic was seiected s o m e
• i n e years a g o to g o t o Korne as t h e representative of t h e metropolitan dioccse, carryJ B g a L a t i n letter to t h e j i o p e . And a s a
parish priest Dr. McGlynn lias by
|iwwe of h i s lcarning, eloquence a n d cbaretood i n t h e front i-ank of tlie g r e a t
lof tåte U n i t e d S t a t e s a t i d wielded
iafluence &econd t o t h a t of n o m a n in
•Mtiupoba a n infiuence w b i c h sprang»
n e r e l y fram fa» ability, b u t i n stiU
f
votion h a s inspired among all who c a m e in
contact with him. If h e h a s never forgotten
t h a t h e w a s a n American citizen. Dr. McGlynn h a s been tirst a n d all t h e t i m e a
priest—a minister to t h e deepest of h u m a n
nceds. Iustead of living luxurioush' and
g r o w i n g ricli, as m a n y Catholic priests with
opportunitics inferior to his have done, h e
lias voluntarily embraced jioverty, living in
t h e simplest a u d plainest fashion, and not
only gi ving a w a y the. g r e a t e r p a r t of t h e
little stipend of $800, whicli h e perniitted
himself to d r a w from his church, b u t t h e
cqnsiderable bequests whicli have from
t i m e t o t i m e come to h i m from relatives.
St. Stephen's, during all t h e years of bis
pastorale, h a s been pre-eminently the
church of t h e poor; few aristocratic carriages rolled u p t o t h e door of its parochial
i«sidence,and iivcried footmen seldom r a n g
tlie beil; b u t t h e r e h a s been all these y e a r s
a constant procession of the ovcr-wrought
tlie distressed a n d t h e despairiug.
Dr. McGfynn has never established a
paroclual school, but t h e revenues of t h e
church t h a t remained after dealing with
tlie immense debt with whicli it w a s burdened when h e assumed his pastoratc have
been exjiended in giving evcry facility and
aid to devotion. S t Stephen f s has been
noted for its niagnificent music and for t h e
beauty of its aHars a n d its pa ; ntings—
a single o n e of wliich is woilh more
titan Uie furniture of t h e resideuce tliat
h a s accommodated Dr. McGlynti aud his
_
*
eight assistants. Eveiy day in t h e y e a r
St. Stephen*s c h u r c h h a s stood open to
those who m i g h t seek it for religious aid,
a n d beginning a t lialf-past live in t h e
m o r n i n g eight masses have been said, besides vesper service in tlie evening a n d a
daily service in Believuc iiospitai. Jn addition to tliis, Dr. McGlvnn has d u r i n g lus
pastoiute established a h o m e for o r p h a n s
a n d destitute children t h a t now embraces
tliree establishments—one in New York,
o n e o n S t a t e n Island and one in F o r d h a m —
tliat together shelter six hundred children.
I n t h e collection of a rich lady recently
deceased, placed on exhibition last year in
this city prior to its sale by auction, t h e r e
was a little picture by a F r e n c h artist t h a t
brought under t h e h a m m e r thirty thousand
dollars. A n d for those w h o can aflbrd to
buy g r e a t paintings this was none too
much for t h e little picture of perhaps a
couple of square f e e t I t was not mereiy
marvelously d r a w n and colored, but was
one of trfiose paintings a t whicli one can
look long a n d look again, because of t h e
meaning t h e y express.
This painting,
wliich now a d o r n s a railroad millionaire's
mansion, instead of hanging, as it o u g h t to
h a n g , o n tlie walls of some public a r t
gallery, is entitled, " T h e Missionary's
S t o i y / ' I n t h e magniticent salon of a
B o m a n j>alace a simple motlk of one of the
missionary orders is telling a story of
hardsliip a n d m a r i y r d o m in some far off
heatlien land to two young cardinals
seated e a s i l y o n a coucli. I n t h e middle
ground a u o t h e r dignitaiy of t h e church is
helping himself to refreshment from a
weU-(illed table, while a handsome dog,
o n his lund legs, wistfully begs, and in a
corner of t h e apartnient t h e hcads of some
of tlie g r e a t ordei-s are gossipiug and
laughing. T h e earnestness of t h e monk
o n t h e one side, t h e abstraction and
l a n g u o r of t h e two cardinals a s they listen
to w h a t to t h e m is " a tale of little meaning, t h o u g h its words be strong," and the
ut t e r inditference of the other dignitaries,
produce a n impression wliich it is hard to
convey fully in words. I t is t h e contrast
between t h e earnestness a n d devotion of
tlie m e n who have carried tlie b a n n e r of
tlie Cross tliroughout all lands and t h e
worldliuess of tlie polishetl hierarchical
aristocracy, who out of their devotion and
their sacrifices enjoy t h e sweets of power
and tlie luxuries of wealth.
T a k e t h e history of F r a n c s a n d read of
princely cardinals, of luxurious bishops
a n d abbots and of suppie, cringing abbes,
fawning and intriguing in t h e court of Versailles, and you will understand how tlie
Rcvolution, stung to madness, decn:ed the
abolition of Chrisiianity a n d set u p t h e
altar of reason. Turn to t h e pagcs t h a t
tell of t h e poor priest driving t h e dead cart
in t h e p l a g u e ; of Vincent de P a u l serving
t h e galley s l a v e ; of sisters of charity toiling
a m o n g tlie poor like ministering angels, and
you will know how Christiauity h a s e n d u r e d
a n d yet endurcs.
So it lias alwaj^s been.
Christ was
cradled in a manger, a n d c a m e forth from
t h e home of *». working carpeuter to
preach to the t r a m p a n d the o u t c a s t
P e t e r was a Qsherman, Paul a teni-makcr.
I t was a m o n g tlie despised a n d down-trodden aud the gencrous-hearted who felt for
tlie opprcssed t h a t t h e gospel of hope for
tlie poor a u d of nienace to t h e rich
mad<: its way. C h r i s f s declaratiou v-as
t h a t h e came not to destroy the law, b u t to
fultill i t ; yet to t h e high priests of J e r u s a lem, a s t o the pontiffs of p a g a n Rome, t h e
gospel of t h e c o m m o n brotherhood of m a n
a n d tiie common fatlierhood of God was r a n k
communism, to be trodden out with anat h e m a , with steel a n d with lire, because it
thrcatened the privilcges of t h e rich and
powerful. Hunted, pei-secuted, tlirouglitlie
toils of its missionaries and tlie agonies of
its martjTS, Christiauity m a d e its way, untU it had become a power which tlie greatcst of ifoliticians could not desjiise, and in
w h a t is cailed t h e "conversion of Constantine,*' Koman imperiaiism, with all it
repitjseuted, was married in form with
Christian t r u t h . F r o m t h a t time, a n d
in evcry land where it has become a domin a n t religion, t h e very powers t h a t a t first
f o u g h t s o bittcrly a g a i n s t Christiauity have
s o u g h t t o use i t This h a s IKJCU t r u e of a
forms of Christianity. T h e Catholic Church
h a s been used t o bolster tlie power of ty
r a n t s a n d t o k e e p «ne masses quiet under
•ocial injustice; t h e Greek Church t o sup-
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hurled his direct a n a t h e m a s against Germ a n pcasauts driven into a g r a r i a n revolt
by t h e unbearable oppressions of their
lords; the English Church h a s been t h e
staunch supporter of rcgal t y r a n n y a n d
landjord robbery, a n d Presbyteriau ministers have* preached to Scottish clansm e n t h a t in resisting eviction t r o m tlieir
hornas they would be resisting t h e will of
God, while in our own day and place t h e
popular, prcachers of t h e g r e a t liberal
denomi nations, however careless they m a y
be of t h e charge of heterodoxy, a r e careful to temper the gospel to tlieir wealthy
sheep.
T h e most Catholic—indced, it m a y perhaps be said, t h e most religions people in t h e
world torday are tlie Irish, and it is to t h e
Irish t h a t tlie g r o w t h and power of t h e
Catliolic Church wherever t h e English
tongue is spbken are mainly due. Ireland
owes no debt of gratitude to Rome. T h e
church of Patrick, t h e church of t h e days
of Ireland*» glor}', mainuiincd a semiindependence of Rome, and it was to subdue this independence t h a t the first English
invader reccived a papal w a r r a n t to conquer
Ireland on conditiou t h a t he would compel
the p a y m e n t of Peter's pence. But in Ireland for generations past tlie Catholic faith
has been t h e religion of t h e poor and
opprcssed, the religion of national hope
and social aspiration. T h e priest, hunted
and persecutcd with his people when adherence to t h e Catholic faith w a s made the
badge of an inferior caste a n d tlie m a r k of
the most atrocious penal laws, became t h e
devoted friend, t h e trusted guide, the father
and leader of his (lock in tliings temporal as
in tliings s p i r i t u a l ; and while atheism and
inditference h a v e rolled their waves over
F r a n c e and G e r m a n y and Italy, t h e Irish
h e a r t h a s remained devotedly and intensely
Catholic.
B u t this devotion h a s been p u t to some
severe tests. Since persecution has ceased,
the English government has sought to use
the national faith to insure Irish submission, a n d there has g r o w n u p a m o n g t h e
Irish Catliolics a wealthy d a s s eager for
social " respectability," t h a t have come to
be known as "CastleCatliolics"—fawners
at t h e court of the lord lieutenant and the
bitterest opponents of a n y movement t h a t
has look cd-to t h e assertioh of popular rights.
The priests for the most p a r t have remained
t r u e to t h e people and to their aspi rat ions;
b u t tlie luerarchy has too often been but a
tool in tlie hands of t h e oppressor. The
solicitatioiLS of t h e English government
gained for the Irish Church a t Rome a
recognition whicli its devotion had never
altoined by t h e appointment of a n Irish
cardinai in t h e person of Cardinal Gullen ;
but he and his successor, Cardinal McCabe,
were a s devoted to English dominance and
landlord interests a.s t h o u g h they had been
t h e direct appointees of t h e landlord oligarchy. "While Cartlinal McCabe li ved no
priest in his diocese dared say one word in
public for t h e national movement, t h e
single curate in Dublin, F a t h e r K a n e , who
attended a land league meeting, being compellcd to publicly apologize and t h e n withd r a w into t h e Dominican order.
Even
tlie noble-heartcd women, who, w h e n t h e
Irtsh leadei-s were east intoprison, kept t h e
cause alive, were condemned in a n archiepiscopal pastoral.
On t h e dcatii of Cardinal McCabe, t h e
appointment of a successor of tlie s a m e
kind w a s only defeated by t h e determiucd
attitiUle of t h e Irish priests and people, led
by such prelates as Archbishop Croke and
Bishop Nulty, who, in unequivocal languiige, told t h e R o m a n authorities tliat tiie
course to which they were prompted by t h e
English g o v e r n m e n t and tlie Castle Catliolics would inevitably lead in Ireland to j u s t
such a revolt of tlie masses from t h e
Church as h a d already occurred on tlie coutinent.
H e r e in tlie United States t h e same condition of things is presented. T h e Catholic Church, which has g r o w n mainly by
t h e multiplication of t h e Irish element in
our population, is a church bf the poorer
m a s s e s ; hut in it t h e rich Catliolics of t h e
the s a m e g e n u s a s t h e Castle Catliolics of
Ireland, h a v e to a large degree inilueneed
the hierarchy in the s a m e way. Dr. McGlynn is a representative of t h e
Soggarth
aroon—the
" d e a r priest" whose devotion
aud patriotism have m a d e Ireland so loyal to
the Roman Church. Archbishop Coiligan
is a representative of the "Castle Catliolics" of New York, a u American Carilinal
McCabe.
h a v e acknowledged the right of m a k i n g
land private property. In t h e old tongue
t h e y h a v e treasured the old t r u t h , and now
in t h e providence of God the time h a s come
for t h a t t r u t h to be asserted. I a m a n old
m a n now, and m a y not se» the victory; but
I tell you t h a t no m a t t e r w h a t m a y be
arrayed against it, there is no earthly
power t h a t can stop this movement."
And this is characberistic of t h e Gaelic
people, as I afterward found it, not only in
t h e west of Ireland, but in t h e west of
Scotland. To the thoroughly Auglicized
I r i s h m a n the doctrine t h a t " G o d made the
land for t h e people" r -tlie doctrine t h a t
property in land cannot h a v e t h e sanction
t h a t attaches to property in liungs produced by labor—may secm a new-fangled
notion; b u t to t h e dcscendants of t h e m e n
who were driven into the hil Is and bogs of
t h e west, with t h e cry of " T o C o n n a u g h t
or to hell! " and who with t h e old language
have preserved t h e old traditions, it comes
like a half-forgottcn, but still familiar and
self-evideut t r u t h ;' and t h e rallying cry of
" T h e land for t h e p e o p l e ! " with which
Michael D a v d t raised t h e banner of t h e
Land League, wakes a quick response in
t h e bosom of t h e Celt.
In t h e fall of 1882. after m y return from
Ireland, aud after the speech to which I
have referred, I m a d e Dr. MeGlynivs personal acquaintance, aud learned to rcverence
his deep but unostentat ioius piety, his broad
Catholic spirit, aud his devotion to the
cause of tiie poor, to respcct his mental
g r a s p u n d acumen, and to adm i re a charThere is a n o t h e r t h i n g w o r t h n o t i n g . Ire- acter in which t h e impulsivcticss and
laud was never eonquered by the Kojnans, w a r m t h of Uuy tyj>ical Celt is hlended with
as were England and tlie Scottish low- an iron s lead hust n ess und strength of will.
lumls, and t h e idea t h a t land could be made I t was his counsol t h a t I peculiarly sought
private property so as to shut out any d a s s when a desire oa Ihe purt of the labor couof t h e people Ironi all legal rights to tJje vention to notmnate me for the mayoralty
use of tlie earth, opposed as it is to ancient of ti»is city placed upon me a responsibility
lrisli*law and custom, was only forced upon I would giadly have avoided. I t was his
i r e l a n d in companitively m o d e m times, by view of what he deemed my duty tliat dct h e force of English a n n s and t h e treachery termincd me.
of Irish chiefs, bought, as were the ScotNominated b^' a convention of the trade
tish chieftains, to betr.iy their countrymen and labor association» of New York upon a
by t h e promisc of a change of the tribal platform which cmbodied a principle which
t e n u r e of land into an individual ten ure I believe to be of the utmost importance,
which would m a k e it absolutely their o w n ; Dr. McGlynn g a v e ine his carnest support,
and it is oniy where t h e English tougue has a n d I recci ved assurances of like support
supplanted the Irish ton^ue t h a t Irishmen from other Catholic clcrgymeri. I t came,
have forgotten their ancient traditions and however, to m y ears t h a t Archbishop Corbecome accustomed to regard private prop- rigan was much offended by the attitude of
ei"tjr in land as a m a t t e r of course.
Dr. IlcGly:in. and io an old and valued
" God bless you, m y son !" said t h e ven- personal friend of mine, ihe head in this
erable Bishop D u g g a n of Clonfert to m e country of one of the great Catholtc orders,
when I was in Ireland live years ago. " I n who had cailed on me to express his satisw h a t you say of t h e equal rights of all m e n faction a t m y nominal ion aud to protter
in t h e soil of their native land t h e r e is to his personal lestimouy in my favor, I exm e nothing new or startling, nor will there pressed a desire to call upon the archbe a n y t h i n g new in it to any m a n who was bishop, should h e be1 willing to nieet me,
held to t h e breast of a n Irish-speaking t h a t I might explain my real position in cemother. Your doctrines are t h e old bf1- gard to the right of property, a m a t t e r as
liefs of om- race. W h e n a little boy, sitting to which h e was evidently under t h e
in tlie evening in t h e group about a turf grossest misapprehension. Before I again
fire in t h e west of Ireland, I h a v e heard t h e heard from ni}' friend in this matter, Dr.
s a m e doctrines from t h e lips of m e n who McGlynn himself suggested t h a t I should
never spoke a word of English. Our peo call on t h e archbishop, liaving received
ple hava bowad tø might; hut they uevter from h i m ' » letter expreasing ha anxiety i
&x;±-z.-%! •2fe t- .-;.ss
^-•.V.^.-.
l^j&i^-iS:
about Dr. McGlynn's supposed relations
with H e n r y George, and his concern about
a Catholic priest even appearing to coind d e with socialism. Dr. McGlynn g a v e
m e t h e following letter of introduction to
the archbishop:
N E W YORK, Sept. 29,18S6.
Most Rev. and Dear Archbishop—I beg to
introduce aud to recommeud to your estecm
and kind attention my very dear and valued
friend Mr. Henry George, wliose published
works have placed him in the front rank of
American inca of letters and writers on political and social science. Mr. George's j
is
aud iutellectual gifts do not exceed his ,. ts
andgracesof he:trt und clmracter aud his profouudly reverent and religious spirit. Ib
seeins to me a providential oceurrence for
which we shouid be thankful, that the
labor organizations have chosen for their
leader so wise and conservafcive a man,
and one so utterly opposed, as all liis
writin^s show, to socialisni, communism
and anarchy, as Mr. George is.
I, in
view of my rights and duttes us a citizen,
wbich were not surrendcred when I became a
priest, am determiucd to do what I can to
support Mr. George ; and I am also stimulatcd
by love for the poor aud opprcssed laboring
classes, which scemS to l>e particularly eousonant with the charitable und philanthropic
chiiracter of the priestliood, by virtue of which
it has gained every where its grcatest triumphs.
As in a recent- letter you showed some auxiety
about a Catholic priest even seeming to coincide, with socialisni, I have thoughb that I
could not do hetter than t<? send Mr. George
himself to you, as none other, so well as he,
could prove to you the groundlessness of your
fears by a frank sta ternen t, aud by pointiug
out to you pertinent passages in his works.
Very siucercly,
Your obedient servant,
Tliis is t h e stock from which. like Michael
Davitt a n d Patrick Ford, Dr. McGlynn
comes.
I reier t o Ireland because it is necessary to a full utiderstanding of tlie case.
I t is not onlv t h a t t h e Catholic Church
in tlie United States deri ves its strength
a n d importance from Ireland, a n d tliat
both Dr. McGlynn a n d Archbishop Corrigan
a r e t h e sons of Irish parents,
a n d represent types which are presented
in Ireland with per feet distinctness, b u t
because the tirst a t t e m p t on t h e p a r t of
Rome to throttle an American priest for
tlie exercisc of his rights as a m a n and a
citizen had relation to t h e Irish movement.
In 1882 c a m e the darkest day of t h e land
m o v e m e n t in Ireland. A temporizing rentreduction bill had been passcd by the British
Parliarnent in t h e hope of staying t h e radical wa-ve; Parncll had come out of prison on
an understauding, expressed or implied,
t h a t tlit? radical features of the agitation
with relation to the land were to be
d r o p p e d ; the Ladies' Land L e a g u e was
abandoned ; t h e word " lund " was dropped
out of the tille of the Irish National
L e a g u e ; Davitt, who, on his release from
Portland, had again raised t h e old standard
of t h e land for t h e people. was hounded as
a creator of dissension, and Errington had
t h e ear of t h e ecclcsiastical authorities a t
Rome, and was through t h e m exerting a
pressure upon such of t h e Irish bishops as
had been true to the people's cause.
J u s t a t t h e time when al most every voice
was stilled t h a t had championcd t h e cause
of the " L a n d for the People," a new voice
m n g out. l n weleoming jMiohael. Davitt to
New York, Di*. McGlynn, of whom previous
to this nothing had been heard on t h e land
question, m a d e a speech in whicli he reechoed in the clearest tones t h e same t r u t h
proclaimed by the Bishop of Mealh—tlie
truth that the laud of every country belongs
by g r a u t of their Di vi ne Creator to t h e
whole people of that country, and t h a t a n y
compromise which should fall short of securing tlieir equal rights in the land to t h e
humblest of t h e people would be a n injustice and wrong t h a t could not stand. In
ringing words he bade Michael Davitt go
back to Ireland and preach t h e gospel of
m a n ' s n a t u r a l right to land without care
for conscquences.
Such a speech, from such a m a n , a t such
a time, produced a marked impression. To
tlie English colony a t Rome, intriguing- to
use the ecclcsiastical power—already fearful of evervthing denounced as socialisni—
to put down the Irish rebellion, such an
utteRince from an American priest was gall
and wormwood, and, doubtless a t tlie instigation of Errington, a letter w a s sent by
the Cardinal Prefect of the P r o p a g a n d a
directing Cardinal McCloskey to suspeud
Dr. McGlynn. Cardinal McCloskey was
too wise and just to do this, but Dr.
McGlynn w;is ordered to m a k e no more
Laud L e a g u e speeches and he obeyed, rem a i u i n g silen! for years.
U:-
(rte^SAtHfi.
:&j-w.
a&fe a^iy
lx
PRICE, FIVE CENTS.
EDWARD MCGLTNM.
I cailed accordingly on the archbishop,
who received m e courteously, b u t g a v e m e
little opportunity to speak on matters as to
which I could speak with propriety, insomuch a s h e opened tlie conversation by
reading to me t w o letters from t h e propaganda, dated in 1882 and addressed to his
predeccssor, Cardinal McCloskey. I n these
the suspensionof ' ' t h e priest McGlynn" was
demanded a t t h e express order of the
pope, because, in his Land League speedies,
h e had t a u g h t doctrines openly contrary to
t h e teachings of t h e Catholic Church, and
h e was censured because, iu other wa\'s,
he had shown "propensity to favor
t h e Irish revolution." T h e archbishop
g a v e m e a t some considerable length
a history of t h e matter, t h e esscntial
- point of which was t h a t the exccutiou of
this sentence h a d a t t h a t time been suspended on t h e understanding t h a t Dr. McGlynn should m a k e no more public utterances. The archbishop said t h a t t h a t understanding had now been violated b y Dr.
McGlynn—so m u c h so t h a t a P r o t e s t a n t
gentleman with w h o m h e h a d recently
dined had complaincd to him of the scandalous declarations of tlie doctor in regard to
t h e rights of landowners. The archbishop
told m e t h a t he had cailed his council to mect
at 12 o'clo*«-k t h a t day for t h e purpose of
taking into consideration t h e case of Dr.
McGlynn, and, as I understood, of a t once
suspen ding him.
On leaving t h e archbishop I cailed on
Dr. McGlynn and infonned h i m of the residt of m y interview. H e said t h a t his
understanding of tlie promise h e had felt
himself obliged to m a k e in 1882 was t h a t
h e should deliver no more speeches on t h e
Irish question, which promisc he had
k e p t ; t h a t h e had since m a d e speeches iu
behalf of Mr. Cleveland, to wliich there had
been no remonstrance wliatever,'and t h a t
although he had not u p to tliat time received any inhibition from speaking a t tlie
Cliickering hall m e e t i n g ; y e t oven shouid
one come he could not, now t h a t he had been
acnounced to speak, refra|Ln from doing so
consistently with his own self-respect and
without publicly r e n o u n d n g t h e rights of
an American citizen.
A s m y visit to the archbishop håd not accomplished the purpose I had intended, I
forwarded on the next day the following letter:
16 ASTOR P L A C E ,
|
N E W YORK, Sept. «30,1886. f
CORIUGAN', Archbishop of New York—
expressing his sympathy with the organized
labor associatious of this city, it will seein to
that great body of citizens as if your eecksiastic;it authority had been exertcd for the express r urposc of breaking up a movement
which has for its aim the dcstructiou of political corruption and the assertion of popular
rights. Yours, respectfully,
I
H E ^ R T GEORGE.
To which I received in due course the following r c p l y :
ARCiriJisnoPRicK OP N E W YORK,
1
SECRETXVRY^ Ot-FiCE, 45*3 MADISO.V A V E . , >
X E w YORIC, Oet. 1, IbSti. i
MR. H E M I T GEORGE :
Bir : I am directed b3* the Most. Rev. Archbishop to con v ev to you his acknnwledgmenfcs
of rcceipt of your letter of yesterday and of
the copics of your works you sent him. Hia
Grace also direets me to re tu ra you Bishop
Nulty's letter.—-I am, respectfully.,
C. E. McDotfXEtL, Sec'y.
I also deemed it m y duty to communicate
to Mr. J o h n McMackin, chairman of t h e
executive committee of t h e labor convention, and himself a Catholir, as well as a $
prudent and sagacions man, t h e result of
m y visit to th» archbishop, and m y impression of his intention. Whereupon Mr.
McMackin wrote to t h e archbishop t h e
following letter, which, together with t h e
reply, he has given m e permission to p r i n t :
JPTEW Y O R K , Sc; % 30, 1S8&.
M. A. CORRIGAX, Archbishop of New York—
Most Revcrcnd, Sir: I loarn from Mr.
George that a conversation with you has left
upon his niind the impression that it may bo
your purpose, by the exercisc of your episeopal authority, to prevent Dr. McGlynn Uvking
part iu aid of the workingmen's movement
for the election of a mayor of this city.
As a practical Catholic, devoted to my faith,
I most respectfully protest against any such
action on your part. As president of the conference, of Trade and Labor organizati<«s
which nominated Mr. George, I know the
strength of the movement and the feeliugs
and desires wliich animate it. I can assure
you that it has nothing which should prevent
any Catliolic from taking part in it, and that
it is animated solelv by a deep desire to reform the corruption of our government and
amelioratc the condition of workingmen.
The clergy of the city have been perniitted
to take part in other pol i tica! innvemcnU*.
The baserncuts of the churchcs and tim nssistance of the clergy have been given to the aid
of a similar movement in Ireland, and von
yourself have sauctioned, by your presence,
the extensiou of moral and financial nssistance to the political party which in JOngland
and Ireland is struggling for tlie emancipation of the masses by the same legal methods
which wc pro pose to use here. Dr. McGlynn
himself made a numbcr of speeches in the last
prcsidential eainpaigu for the Dcmocratie
party without ecclcsiastical prohibition.
To now interdict him from helping the workingmen of New York in a supreme effort to
right their wrongs through the ballofc would
secm to them as tbough the Church, while
willing to permifc its clergy to aid the old
political partics, only interposcd its authority
when honest citizeus, tired of the corruption
of our pol i tics, made au effort to break down
the rule of machines aud eliqties.
As a Catholic, devoted to my religion. I
deem it my tluty to respectfully rcprcsenfc t o
you the great scandal which such action ou
your part Avil! cause. Dr. MeGlynu is loved
aud venerated among us as Mur priest who has
been pre-emmently the faith fu I friend of the
opprcssed, and it will be belicved among tho
great body of citizens who have taken hold
of the movement with an energy aud determhiation of which, I think, you have little
idea. that your action has been taken at the
instance of the eorrupt politicians who see.in
this i-e volt of the workingmen tho overthrow
of their power. No action of the kind can
prevent the suecess of tlus movement, which
will prove strongcr by opposition ; bet it will
give a handle
those among us who are constantly preaclnug that the Church is tha
enemy of labor, and that the iirst step which
the workin-nuen must take to secure their
just rights is to emaneipate themselves from
.all.reverene»' for religion and its ministers.
I write to you thus fraukly, because I believe it to be my duty to lay before you facts
and considcrations of which I cannot believe
you to be sullicicntly informcd, and which
my position as the ollicial head of the workingmen's party ena bles me to know. I trust
you will see in this communication no presumption, hut only a sineere desire to prevent.,
until you have rnore lully eonsidered the matter, such action as I am convinced would We
deeply injurious to everything that is good.
I am, most revcrcnd sir, with profound respect, devotedly and obudientiy yours,
w
ti
-H
• - ::
V?;
II
i
ri
i)
i •'
i .i
ii
J o H.V " MCMACKIN.
This w a s t h e r e p l y :
'loS MADISON AVENUE, »
M. A.
N
E
W
YORK, Oet. 1, l*£tø.
i' .
Most Revcrcnd Sir : I ioclose you with this
Mn.
JOHN
M
C
M
\
C
K
I
X
,
Chaarinan,
Sec.—
a letter from the Bishop of Meath, which,
A siugle remark is uuite stillicient answer to
though uot written for the purpose, will show
your
commimicatiou just received. The only
by its ineidental allusions that he fully sharcs
poiitieian
who has ventured to approach me,
tlie views I hold with respect to property in
dircctly
»>r
indirectly, in Ute cauipaign you
land. I have been unable to lay my hauds
ref
er
to,
is
Mr.
Henry George.
upon a eopy of his letter to the clergy and
1
am,
sir,
your
obedient servant,
laity of his dioccse, in whicli the fundamental
if. A . COKRIGAN, A hp.
proposition that all human ereatures >have
equal rights iu the land into which their CreaI n relation to tlie iu.^tnuation of the archtor brings them is detinitely set forth, but hope bi.sliop's lotter, I have only to observe t h a t
to Hr<l one and will send it to you.
I also scud you copics of all my works. If no living m a n can say tbnt I ever, directly
you will do me the hwnor to look over them or iudJrectlv, iLskcd his support m ihe late
you will clearly sec that there is nothing in campaign iu any other way t h a n in m y
them iucousistent with any of t l u teachings of public speeches, aud tliat m y visit to tlie
religion, and I thiuk y«ni will agree with Cardinal Manning, who deelared to me that there archbishop was solt -ly with t h e view of rewas nothing in the prineiples I have advocated moving from his mind mistipprehcnsions
in regard U» the treatmeuL of the lund that wliich I thoiight were bimmi on ignorance,
the church had ever condemned.
and of thus r d j e v m g Ihe ''nibarrassruent
Your ideas of my views have undoiibtedly of a iioblc-hearted friend, who, although I
been founded upon the uuM'--prt>*:i'iitatiiiiis tit'
opponents. I rosp.-etfully submif '*> y<'!itli;it. a m not of his faith, is to me, iudecd, the
aroon of ihe Irish peiisant.
now that these views are beconmii.' widely • I i I" - sofjgiirth
j
fused. aud.are held by an alrtiifi;- large aiid !
I>r. McGlynn went to ( r hi<keririg hall
and rapidly growing uuinbcr ol" .-nen, it is |
neit her just nor wise to judge of them by ims and .-j-uke, though the other Calholic clerrepresentatioiis fouuded upon ignorance or ^-yiin-ii who were to h a v e been present did
malice.
not I-OMJO. liaving, ;is 1 afl.erw.-ird learned,
1 am extremely anxious that you should in- yn ei ved ;*n -express coiiuiand not to do so.
form yourself" of the real character of the
doctrines as to properiy in land, which I hold I <!id w>i bear Dr. McGIynn"s spee* , but I
in common with such men as IJishup Nulty, know h«»w it jmpn.issed those who did. A
Dr. McGlynn, and ir.nuy others ol' the clergy I.tdy wiio wa.s present, tLiul who bad no iiioa
of your church, because, from our conversation of the hi?uati>»n, said to m e ulu-v the meetof yesterday I fea r that your nusuppreliensions of these doctrines will lead you to action ing, "L)r. Mifilynri spoke like a man who
tthedid
which, f rom my point of view, could only be ex wcet cd this ni^ht to be his Ia.st.7
productive of ill eflects. In reference to utir not know that he spoke under t h e shadow
conversation of yesterday, will you pennit of what lo a Catholic priest is worse than
me, with all proper respcct, to say that the
suspension of Dr. McGlynn for lending ;ad u> death.
Dr. Mr:Glynn informed m e the next mornau attempt of the workingmen of this city to
legaliy redress a bu ses which they deeply feel, ing t h a t he would not speak again during
could but give point to the asseriions uf those the cainpaign, and, as far a.s wdfccmdd, 3fr.
who are striving to alienate workingmen from
the church, by declahng that its authorities McMacJiin and myaelf provenred ariyono
have alwuys excited their jiower against any from XLskiug him. And he képt his own
attempt to emaneipate labor. iJetwtfen the counsel. Not until wecks after tbe cauitime of which you spoke to me yesterday, paign, and until the matter, bruiled about
when Dr. McGlynn was censured from Itoino
for making speeches iu behalf of the irish [rom the archbishop*s palace^ had Found iis
Land League, to the present Lime, he has made way into the press, did I leurn, or bad 1 the
many political speeches, without any inter- faiutest suspicion, t h a t on the morning
ference of the ecclcsiastical authority, for in after that .speech Dr. McGlynn had really
the last presiden tial can vass he rendered most
effective aid in the election of President Cleve- been suspended for two weeks. I do not
land, without any ecclcsiastical objection. If think t h a t even Dr. McGlymVs assistants
jfou should gfcep in now and prevent him from k n e w it^ so aiudoua w a s h e t o preserve
f
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STANDARD, SATUEDAY, JANUARY 8, 1887.
&<*1S
m arithorities of t h e C h u r c h t h a t h e loves God's gifts to m a n which D r . McGiynn h a s
o m H M « a n d a ! of t h u s t r y i n g t o coerce so ably championed. I t is too politic for
l A m e r i c a n citizen in t h e exercise of h i s t h a t W h a t i t would d o if Dr. McGiynn
w e n t to R o m e would b e simply t o sideD r . McGHynn m a d e n o m o r e speeches i n t r a c k t h e Issue a n d t o drop Dr. McGiynn,
m «aunpaign, obeying to t h e letter t h e metaphorically, t h r o u g h some ecclesiastiot h i s eccicsiastical superior, c a l t r a p ^ o o r . H e would be worried a n d
1
did s h o w his sympatliy in all non- h e a r t - b r o k e n b y d e l a y s , c o m p e l l e d t o def end
w a y s , a n d when, o n t h e e v e of himself a g a i n s t all sorts of side chargés,
<ø~
l h e d e c t i o n , " M o n s i g n o r " Preston, t h e a n d finally sent into some convent or or>
w~ aichbishop^s right-hatid m a n , issued a pro- dered off to Africa o r China. A s Puck,
ito designed t o prevent Catholics chuckling over t h e suppression of Dr. McP
voting t h e workiugmetfs ticket, Giynn, declares, " T h e Church liath a milw h i c h pronunciamento w a s distributed a t lion w a y s of squelching t h e insubordinate,
I f a e c h u r c h d o o r s , Dr. McGlynn voiunteered a n d Dr. McGiynn is m a r k e d for squelching.
«S^,'
to r i d e a r o u n d with m e t o t h e polls—in this T h e j o b will be done delicately, b u t it will
p ' . . s B e a t w a y t o s h o w t h a t a conscientious b e done effectively." N o r does " Monsign o r " (my lord) Preston h a v e a n y doubt as
g£ Catholic oould a n d did support m c .
pf
T h e a t t i t u d e of silence which Dr. Me- t o w h a t will become of Dr. McGiynn if h e
?
1
d y n n m a i u t a i n e d in regard t o his suspen- goes t o Rome. " H e is n o t sent for to b e
H' 9 o n «luring lise c a m p a i g n h e h a s m a i n - complimented," s a y s this " My I*ord"
ff', t a i n e d «anoe. T h e public knows t h a t h e P r e s t o n ; " h e is s e n t for to be discip|£_ k a s a g a i n been suspenued ^'.iice t h e elee- hned."
|f- fion, a n d h a s been summoncd to Eorae b y
T h e t r u t h is t h a t h a v i n g Dr. McGiynn
| i t h e C a r d i n a l Pi-efect of t h e P r o p a g a n d a ; ordered t o R o m e is a- c u n n i n g scheme
|£ -fctttthis information h a s been given to t h e to g e t rid of h i m w i t h t h e least possiII"''' p u b l i c n o t b y Dr. McGiynn, but b y i h e a r c l i - ble rcnionstrance from his congrega1§£ fciAop a n d t h e mcmboi-s of his ecclesiasti- tion. I t would be unpleasant, t o s a y t h e
£t: « a l staff, w h o soom t o h a v e s o u g h t every least, to t r y t o c u t off his head nere a m o n g
|
« p p o r t u n i t y t o publicly degrade a u d punish those w h o k n o w liim a n d love him, so h e
j-h f h e priest w h o h a s d a r c d t o show a n y is to b e s e n t a w a y t o be executed, a n d t i m e
| \ a p a r k of t h e nianiiood of a n A m e r i c a n is to b e allowed t o dull feeling.
W'~- • c r t i w n .
B u t all this is merely in a n s w e r to those
i t b e observcd t h a t t h e r e is a n d can well m e a n i n g persons who s a y t h a t Dr.
pretcnce t h a t Dr. McGiynn in t a k i n g McGiynn should go to Rome. W h a t m i g h t
i n politics h a s done a n y t h i n g incon- h a p p e n t o Dr. McGiynn in R o m e is not in
w i t h h i s d u t y a s a Catholic priest, itself a reason t h a t a m a n such as h e is
He is n o t punishcd for h a v i n g t å k e n m i g h t regard. B u t t h e r e are t h e strongest
p a r t i n politics, b u t for h a v i n g t å k e n a possible reasons w h y h e should not go to
i i n politics which Archbishop Corrigan Rome. l u this m a t t e r a. g r e a t principle is
> n o t like. T h e Cailiol jcChurch does not a t stake. Does a n American citizen ccase
ay t h e propriety of i h e priest exercising to b e a citizen w h e n h e becomes a priest?
• U tile functions of t h e citizen. To s a y I s a n American citizen, because h e is also
•joifaing of t h e past, w h c n bishops a n d a Catholic priest, to be held to answer be# f J i » a l « held the highest political oiliees, fore a foreign t r i b u n a l because of his action
i n G e r m a n y a n d F r a n c e a n d Italy, t h e i n A m e r i c a n politics? If this is so, tlicn
ic clergy h a v e been in recent %he sooner w e know tlie bcttei •
eoergetic politichins, a u d sometimes
Tlie charge is often m a d e t h a t t h e Cathoh o t ! elective ofliee. I n Ireland, Catholic
h c Church is t h e foe of h u m a n liberty—tlie
attests h a v e l o n g
tåken
the
most
sometimes stealthy, b u t a l w a y s persistent,
prominent a n d active p a r t in politics, a n d
e n e m y of real progress. This not t r u e of
candidates issue their election addresses t o
Catholic doctrine. Tliere is nothing in
• • t i » clergy a n d people."
Archbishop
Catholic faith which prcvents a belicver
i w a s notcd a s a c o n s n m m a t e a n d
from being a good citizen and a social reipolitician, a n d t h e influence of
former of the most radical type. B u t it is
• n e Catholic hierarchy was t h r o w n in t h e
too t r u e of those w h o control t h e ecclesias. i n support of Mr. Hewitt, in
tical machinery. A n d t h e issue is now
t h e wisb of m a n y pricsts who w e r e
m a d e in t h e casa of Dr. McGiynn between
i n t o silence. B u t a s a priest, Dr.
t h e freedom of Catholic theology and t h e
•TflTrlrnn h a s never t å k e n a n y p a r t in polispirit of reaction t h a t controls t h e eccleH e h a s n e v e r iiiierjected tee discussion
siastical machine.
w, b u r n i n g question into a sermon, a s
T o s a y t h a t t h e r e is nothing in Catholic
archbishop i a t o his pastoral, a n d
doctriues inconsistent with t h e largest ponever, i n his character of a priest,
litical liberty m a y seem to m a n y nonto offer political advice.
Catholics far too strong a s t a t e m e n t . But,
W h a t , D r . McGiynn is punished for is for
a s understood b y intelligent Catholics, t h e
t h e side of tlie w o r k i n g m e n against
doctrine of papal infallibility m e a n s no
lof injustice and spoliation a n d tlie
m o r e tlian t h e expression of a t r u s t t h a t
rings wiiich h a v e m a d e ' tlie governwhen* it comes to speaking i n his official
:øf N e w Y o r k a byword of corruption.
c h a r a c t e r a s head of t h e universal church
I n t h e last presidential election Dr. Mct h e Divine Providence.will not permit a n y
G i y n n m a d e s o m e vigorous speeches in befalse t e a c h i n g on m a t t e r s of faith. I n t h e
Aa& of t h e Democratic candidate without a
Catholic view t h e pope, in all other capaciawari o r thouglit of remonstrance. H i s sin
ties a n d o n all o t h e r subjects, is no m o r e
l i i n t a k i n g a side in politics which w a s opinfallible tlian Archbishop Corrigan, a n d
y e d f o t h e rings t h u t h a d t h e support of
Archbishop Corrigan is no m o r e infallible
t h e Cathohc hierar< h v.
t h a n t h e butler w h o opeus tlie door of his
W h e t h e r Dr. McGiynn will g o to Rome m a r b l e palace, o r t h e butcher boy w h o
fc s o m e t h i n g wliich rests -with himself; b n n g s m e a t to t h e kitehen.
b e o u g h t t o go t o R o m e is a m a t . m a y prop*»-ly be discussed. S o m e
l u s friends, following tiie lead of tlie imnve Michael Daviil—wlio, o n t h e eve of
w i t h a c h a r m i n g lady, w a s
l to t a k e roseate vie ws—liave seemed
to thimVihat Dr. McGiynn o u g h t to obey
• c u m m o n s to Rome, in order t o present
of those Catliolics w h o believe in
iconunon rigiit t o land, a n d force tlie
to a n issue, which would forever
a t a l a n y pretense t h a t this doctriue w a s
b y t h e Churcli.
aoight b e all very well if D r .
HøGHyna could g o t o R o m e after some
ttnequivocal
popular expression a s
lotmvince t h e R o m a n authorities t h a t
i t h e ambassador of American Catha n d t h a t they did n o t propose t o b e
trifled w i t h . B u t for liim t o g o to C o m e a s
n s u s p e n d e d priest witli a n y <*xp<-ctation of
Kjetting a h e a r i n g a s against a u archbacked u p b y all tlie influence of
> Catholics of tlie United «States, a n d
b y all t h e powerful infiucnce of tlie English
colony a n d English intriguets a t Rome,
arould b e folly. Dr. McGlyon would h a v e
Btochance i n .Rome to m a k e a n y presentai i o n of Ihe <?ase, even it tlie P r o p a g a n d a
a r e r e a perfectly impartial tribmial.»
B u t i t is not. T l i e c a r d i a a l s o f t h c P r o p a f^anda. a r e a set of Italian Bourl>gn politic i a n s , bittcrly opposed to e v e r y t h i n g savortogof freedom a n d progress, a n d committod i n a d v a n c e a g a i n s t Dr. McGiynn a n d
H i e d o c t r i c e o f " t h e land for t h e people."
IGchael Davitt hiuiself knows ho w bitterly
4 a y opposed the Irish nioveuient. I s it
t h a t t h e y would ^ive a n y h e a r i n g
to t h e *'priest McGiynn," w h o m t h e y
<BM
a o a d e m n e d four y e a r s a g o because of his
y a r t i a i i t y to t h e *éIrish revolution T
I t i s t r u e t h a t t h e pairiotic I i i s h prelates,
With t h e a l l b u t unaiymous sentimcnt of
C a t h o l i c Ireland bchind thein, did back
t h e rYopaganda a n d defeat t h e Erinfluence in R o m e b y forcing, a
>, t h e appointnient of Dr. W a l s h t o
Ibearchbishopriclc of Dublin, instead of tlie
••Oaståehack** w h o l^ad been selected for
position.
B u t this was done by a
l y united Irish hierarchy, consistajqphbishop a n d bisliops, a n d u n o p e n deeiaration t h a t t h e bishops,
a n d people of Ireland did n o t pro>
: buihed b y England t h r o u g h Rome
»y l o n g e r , g W h a t c h a n c e would a simple
' '
sospended priest a t tliat—with his
. archbishop a g a i n s t h i m , h a v e before
t r i b u n a l w h e r e united Catliolic Ireland
barely g e t consideration? Instead
' titt I r i s h victory furnishing a n y precet b e B o u r b o n s of t h e P r o p a g a n d a ,
' I r i s h defeat, would be all
aune to w r e a k their vengeance
supporters of tlie " I r i s h
4øctrinøs
MCWOBOBT
I n m a t t e r s of faith t h e Catholic holds
t h a t h e m u s t submit t o his Church (though
even in m a t t e r s of faith Catliolic d o g m a
is mucli more elastic t h a n most Protestants
suppose), b u t in matters beyond t h e sphere
of faith a n d morals no intelUgent Catholic
a t t a c h e s a n y more importance to t h e d i o
t u m of eccicsiastical authority, b e it t h a t of
priest, bishop, cardinal or pope, t h a n is d u e
to t h e c h a r a c t e r of t h e m a n a n d t h e reasonableness of t h e opinion. T h a t there
h a v e been stupid a n d v i c i o u s ecclesiastics;
t h a t even incumbents of t h e chair of
S t P e t e r h a v e been vilc a n d w i c k e d ; t h a t
Catholic authorities h a v e declared against
t h e rotundity of t h e e a r t h a n d its motion
round t h e sun, h a v e instigated wars, massacres a n d persecutions—^are to h i m no argum e n t against t h e Catholic faith, for he sees
in t h e m only t h e aberrations of t h e h u m a n
e l e m e n t T h a t in all ages there h a v e been
ecclesiastics or ecelesiasticnl rings who,
prompted by the lusts of t h e flesh or t h e
tlesire to please t h e powers of tlie world,
t h r o u g h ignorance of t h e limits of their
own functions or t h r o u g h a desire to impose upon tlie ignorance of their flocks,
h a v e attempted t o stretch ecclesiastical a u thority beyond its proper domain, a u y intelligent Catholic will readily concede; but
h e coutends t h a t in all such cases ecclesiastical authority loses its bindiug force, a n d
t h a t t h e d u t y of the t r u e Catliolic is t o set
it a t defiance.
N o Catholic who really understood his
faith would s a y tliat t h e Catholic Irish w h o
fought against t h e English invadere, a r m e d
with t h e bull of P o p e Adrian, incurred a n y
spiritual penalty, o r were a n y t h e less
Catholics. On t h e contrary, h e would say
tliat t h e very fact of t h e i r being Catholics
made it t h e more i n c u m b e n t on t h e m to
resist such a n u n w a r r a n t e d stretch of papal
power. Archbishop H u g h e s , in a public
speech in this city, gloried in t h e fact t h a t
t h e Catholic Venetians fought a pope w h e n
h e tried to use tlie papal power to destroy
their republic, a n d declared t h a t American
Catholics could a n d would do t h e s a m e
t h i n g if papal aggression e v e r threatened
their liberties.
I t is not exactly papal agression which
n o w threatens t h e liberties of Americ a n Catholics, b u t it is something
which endeavors to shield itself bebind t h e p a p a l authority a n d to use t h e
machinery of R o m e to control American
politics. T h e pope himself probably knows a s
m u c h of t h e case of D r . McGiynn a s t h e n e w
W a r d e n of t h e T o m b s does of t h e binomial
theorem, a n d t h e Italian cardinals of t h e
P r o p a g a n d a c a n k n o w but Ktue more. Dr.
McGiynn h a s not been sumruoned t o R o m e
a t t h e instance of Rome, b u t a t t h e instance of Archbishop Corrigan, prompted
undoubtedly b y t h e **Castie Cathohcs" a n d
t h e rias; pohtiniwis of N e w York.
Soft ^t^j&^r tin
BOBMA
authorities a r e used t h r o u g h Errington b y
t h e British government, or t h r o u g h Archbishop Corrigan b y a New York ring, or
w h e t h e r t h e y act in American politics o n
their own motives a n d for their own purposes, m a k e s little difference. T h e p r i m e
fact is in tlie outrageous claim t h a t t h e
American Catholic clergy, perhaps for
their n u m b e r s t h e most influential class of
m e n in t h e country, a r e to b e in their
political
action
the
puppets of
a
foreign power, four t h o u s a n d miles dist a n t in space a n d m a n y centuries distant
in ideas; t h a t these m e n , each of w h o m
m a y influence hundreds a n d thousands of
votes, k r e to be subject to disgrace a n d
punishment, to be t h r o w n out of their
hornes a n d m e a n s of livelihood if their political action does not suit t h e Italian cardinals
of t h e P r o p a g a n d a or t h e w o r t h y g e n t l e m a n
who Hves in t h e twelve-hundred-roomed
palace called t h e Vatican. If American
Catholics h a v e not more spirit t h a n to subm i t t o this, t h e n is Catholicism indeed
utterly inconsistent with free i n s t i t u t i o n s !
B u t I a m confident t h a t t h e r e is too
m u c h spirit in American Catholics to subm i t to such dictation, a n d for m y p a r t I
would rejoice to see Dr. McGiynn m a k e tlie
issue clear and plain by utterly refusing to
go to Rome t o answer for his conduct as a
citizen. I n his case t h e point has- long
been passed a t which endurance ceases to
be a virtue. H i s submission when arraigned
for f a v o r i n g t h e Irish revolution lias merely
encouraged ecclesiastical t y r a n n y . The t i m e
h a s come w h e n h e o u g h t to m a k e a stand
for t h e sake of his brethren in t h e priesthood, a s well as for t h e sake of t h e principles of American liberty.
E v e n without going into t h e question of
w h y t h e g o v e r n m e n t of a world-wide
church should b e allowed to rest in t h e
hands of a knot of reactionary Italians, it
is clear t h a t t h e organization of t h e
Catholic church in this country is not such
a s self-respecting American
Catliolics
ought to be contented with, or as is
suitcd to t h e genius of our institutions.
T h e organization of the Church in this
country is autocratic in t h e last degree.
T h e American Catholic priest has no
such independence as bclongs to t h e priest
of Italy, F r a n c e or Spain. Ecclesiastically
h e is under martial law, for by a fiction
which t h e ecclesiastical politicians of
Rome h a v e seen fit t o preserve, this
country, like Ireland, is considered as a
missionary comitry, a n d is, therefore, under t h e absolute g o v e r n m e n t of t h e Propag:. nda. Some pretence of securing t o
American priests a little show of independence was m a d e a t t h e council of Baltimore,
b u t w h a t it a m o u n t s to m a v be seen from the
fact t h a t t h e r e are in New York city onlv
nine pastors w h o cannot be removed a t
a m o m e n f s notice b y will of t h e archbishop.
A s for Catholic congregations, they have
not only no choice as to their pastors, and
no voice in church m a t t e r s , b u t h a v e . n o
control whatever over t h e edifices t h e y
build a n d the property their contiibutions
reate. T h e congregation of St. Stephen's
now see their beloved pastor thrown out of
tlie church their contributions h a v e raised
and beautified, and they are helpless to prev e n t it.
However, there is one thing t h e y can do.
T h e y can keep a tight g r i p of their money.
T h a t would be t h e most effective m e a n s
of bringing t h e ecclesiastical autocracy to
its senses.
-
"PATTYW WALSH.
A NATURAL PR00UCT OF THE TRADE OF
POLITICS.
Walshes and DIvvcra in ETery Dlstrlct—
The Services They Render Their Con•titncut»-Helping Illen Ont of Jall—
WaUh O'ce Scntenced to Prison.
Politics is a business to a constantly growing niunber of New York's citizens. Men
Uke " Fatty " Walsh, the new warden of the
Tombs prison, and Alderman P a t Divver, are
in every assembly district, only their neighbors do not iind them out so completely. They
will perhaps become better known now that
a new force in politics has become aggressive.
The favors that thcse politicians do for their
neighbors are turned into votes, and the more
favors they do the more votes they get.
Ever since the new warden of the Tombs,
" F a t t y " Walsh, w a s a b l e to show himself in
society, he has been a politiciau. He learned
the trade of gold-beating and workcd a t it
long enough to become heartily sick of work
aud anxious for some other employment. He
fell in with Pat Hayes, who had then the reputation of being the smartest and sharpest faro
player in New York. Hayes informed Walsh
that if he would only put a little money iuto
his game a t 40 Bowery he could make lots of
money. " Fatty " made the investment, and
in four years was worth $100,000. His reputation grew in the community, and as his father
and his brother, the latter of whom was once
elected county clerk, were a power in politics,
it is safe to assert that the authorities kept
their hands out of Walsh's affairs. He had a
gambling business at No. 5 Mulberry street
until he offended them. Walsh himself began
to take a haud in politics in 1875, and notably
when his brother "Billy " was running for the
offiee of county clerk. In that contest, which
was marked by strong and bitter feeliugs,
Jerry Hartigan, who was Walsh's factotum,
killed his mau. He was tried, convicted and,
by means known to those who can exert political infiucnce, frced. Walsh himself was
frequently before the courts for fighting, since
it is neccssary to maintain one's position in politics just as often and as hard as
amywhere else. Jtidge Dowliug sentenced
Walsh to six months 111 the workhouse as a
coromon fighter, but the judge had not nerve
enough to stick to this decision, and he discharged '*' Fatty " from custody before he was
put in the jail. Spealdng of the event afterward, Judge Dowling said : "Pd a-given $1,000
to have been able to lock up Walsh aud make
him bring bonds for his good behavior to-morrow. I hope 1*11 be able to do it some day."
It was in Pj.SU thut " F a t t y ' s " gambling place
in the Bowery was "pulled." He had offended
the men in Tanimany Hall, with whom he
hud traiued in politics for years, and they
had their scalping knives out. He was in the
assembly and his friends were all beset at
home by Tammany. As happens frequently
in i>olitics, Walsh was never prosecuted, for
the reason it is gencrally considered that he
was too useful a man to put in prison.
Benjamin K. Phclps, who was then district
attorney, made reprisals, and it is safe to say
that some of the ti f teen thousand votes he
iusisted should be made Republican came out
of the Fourth and Sixth wards through
Walsh's assistance.
People ask, " How
' F a t t y ' lives?" "He • 1 ves,"says a prominent
citizen of the Fourth ward, "as a good many
other people live. He has been an assemblyman and an alderman. He was on the pay
roll of the department of public works. The
people ought to take carc of him since he is
so serviceable to them in many ways. Between us, I do not know what this district
would do without 'Fatty' Walsh,and now that
he is in the Tombs in charge of things, and
with the eyes of the whole public on liim, he
cannot be of the same service as when he was
out. I'm for bouucing him."
The District in which "Fatty" Walsh livedis
a very peculiar one. The police dominate it as
though it were their private property. Men,
women and chiidrcn are hauled off to jail
just at election time that they may send and
bring their friends and get them out. For the
last two or three years back, sinee the public
had frowned upon gambling, Walsh's house
I n t h e m e a n t i m e American workingmen has becu beset by all sorts of people, seeking
m i g h t as well m a k e u p their minds t h a t in favors at his hands. In the hallway of his
their fight for tlie enf ranchisement of iabor house, 27 City Hall place, a man whose wife
is in jail for drunkeuncss, or fighting with a
t h e y m u s t meet t h e opposition of t h e neighbor, jostles another who has come to ask
Cathohc hierarchy.
"Fatty" to give him a note to some of his friends
H E N R Y GEORGE.
with boodle, that he may bail out a friend who
has been lockedup. "Fatty" goes with the first
to %he Tombs after giving the other a note to
FREE TRADE.
his friend Barney Golden, the tailor of W
An Important M ert ln» to be Held s t Cooper Baxter street. On his way down to the City
Hall, which was his lonnging place in the
Union Next Weclt
A vigorous protest is to be made during the middle of the day, "Fatty" was ha il ed by a half
ooming week by the New York frce traders do/cn friends who had been warned, more
against the attitude of congress t o v a r d a re- cnergetically perhaps thau at any other time
form of the taritf. through the medium of a since the election, to reniove obstructions
mass meeting a t Cooper Union, on Wcdncsday, from the front of their doors or to abate a
the 12th inst., at which Capt. F. W. Dawson, nuisauce that had been iu operation since the
of South Carolina; ex-Governor Dorsheiraer, last election.
Perhaps the commissioner of jurors had
Henry George, and possibly Colonel Fellows
sent
word to a juror, who is a busy man, that
aud ConjTressman Belmont will speak. Jackhe
must
appear and state his reasons. Tlie
on S. Schultz wJH preside. The more j)iojuror
asks
"Fatty" to go and get him excused.
gressive element among the frec traders have
The
commission
M public works wants a mau
been learniug very rapidly of late that their
to
put
in
a
new
water meter, and "Fatty" is
true policy is to take the offensive on the
broad ground that the protective tariff is op- asked to get penåiissiou to let things stand as
pressive to all classcs of the community. They they are. All of these people, if "Fatty" sucare growiug impatient at the tem}x>rmng cceds in gett ing what they want, will support
policy of the " moderate" tariff newspapers, him with their votes and get all their fncuds
which advocatc a reduetion of duties niaiuly to do likewise. They will stand an assessbecause there is a surplus revenue, aud at the meut, too, but as a general rule Walsh detimidity of political leaders iii congress, who peuds for his income on other sources. It has
hold their tariff convictions so entirely sec- rcpeatedly l^een said in the district that in the
ondary to their party machiuery, aud dread year 1884, when Walsh was elected aidermau,
taking a positive staud which they feur may t Blayor Griace gave him 61,000, and that
i;i the 3'ear he was defeated Grace gave him
prove unpopular.
J.">,(XK). But the greater part of the money
The coming meeting is said to be projected used in his elections comes from the many
with the hope that it will spur up thcse luke- friends who desii ed " Fatty's " election to an
warm advocates to something like a definite olllce.
In the year 1SS4 all the gamblers in town
course of action and give an opportunity for
who
had been accommodatcd, by " F a t t y "
a clear statement of belief that the workingmen of the country are not benefited by the chipped in to help elect him alderman. J e r r y
tariff, even through a nominal raising of Hartigan went around and collected the aswages. The protectionist fetish of protection sessment. I t gives Walsh pain to acknowledge that he has never since been in a posito American labor has been worsbipped so tion
to rcpay any of thcse favors, for the
blindly in the past that even ultra free traders boodle board made the aldcrmeu so disrepuhave until recently been somewhat chary of table that they could no longer help anyaccepting the "challeuge given them by pro- body.
tectionists on this branch of the subject; but
William P. Kirk, the indicted boodle aldersince it has begun to dawn on the public fc man, was until his indictment in charge of
that landlordism and not the tariff is the cause affairs in the second assembly district, and he
that governs wages, the advocates of lower is now in charge of things, but he has not the
customs duties have found their strongest grasp that he had. He is the man behind
weapon in demonstrating the cheapness of the Divver, and he negotiated the putting of
labor .that goes with high wages. The com- Walsh iuto the offiee of warden and the remittee who are to draft resoiutions for the moval of Warden Finn. Finn for years was a
meeting on Wednesday state that they will keeper in the Tombs. He was also a police
devote special attention to this poiut, and man.
emphasize the failure of the protective sys^
" I made Finn constablc, policeman, keeper
tem to really advance the interests of work- in the Tombs and warden, and now I am going
men in manufacturing industries. It is grati- to make him the superintendent," William P.
fyingtofind this radical sentiment growing Kirk, tiie indicted boodle alderman, said to
among free traders, and to observe the cath- the writer. "Whatever I says goes," he comolic spirit in which the list of speakers has plaeently added. Warden Finn was made
been madelip.
superintendent of district prisons three days
afterward.
H a d Kirk been intrenched in
Wny Texans a r e ,Poor.
power, Walsh never would have been apFORSKV, Texas.—1 am a farmer and land- pointed warden. The offiee has always been
owner. Twelve years ago land here could be considered as the property of Tammany Hall.
When Walsh was beaten by Divver for Albought for $3 an acre; now it is worth §30.
Then land went begging for renters; now derman, in 1885, he said to his friends thut he
renters go begging for land. The man who would like to be made warden of the tombs.
owns this black, rich soil is better off than the I t looked as if he was going to gefc it when Dr.
man who owned slaves before the war. He Charles G. Simmons was made commissioner
is complete master of the situation. He not of public charities and correction; but many
politicians said tliat if the appointment was
only dictates the amount of rent, but the made it would turn the town upside down, and
method of cultivation.
T. F. T U E T .
the commissioners of charities and correction
[It is in Texas that 39,700 people are offl- put Hr. Walsh's character in their pigconholes,
cisJly reported a s destitute of shelter, clothing to be used when the times were more quiet.
•oAfoodi
Last fall Mr. Walsh ained to be made ooa-
gressman from the Seventh district. iItt was
all arrangcd in his district that he should receive the nomination and Mr. Patrick Divver
should be made the alderman, while Timothy
D. Sullivan, the undertaker, was to be the
asscmblyman. Mr. Divver, who is now in
in charge of Tammany's interests in the second
district, consulted with Alderman Kirk, and
this arrangement was agrced upon. The leaders of the Labor party upset matters cousiderably. Their candidate for niayor named
" Fatty " Walsh as a specimen politician in his
letters, and it was believed that should Walsh
be made the candidate for congress the district
would be lost to the Democrats. They thereupon determiucd upon heroic measures. John
R. Fellows, who was willing to stand in any
district if the politicians would furnish him with
the money, pieked out " F a t t y V district for
himself when the politiciaus told him they had
no money to give him. " F a t t y ' s " friends informed Mr. Fellows that if he ran iu that district he would be beaten out of his boots by
the workingmen. Other politicians who wantcd
the nomination were frighteucd off in the
same way, until Lloyd C. Bryce appeared.
Mr. Bryce is the son-in-law of Edward Cooper.
Mr. Hewitt, Mr. Cooper's brother-ia-law, was
friendly to him. Mr. Cooi>er, through Police
Justice Daniel 0'ReiIIy, told " F a t t y " Walsh
that if he would withdraw from the race for
congressman he would be tåken care of. He
asked what he would get. He was told that he
would get the appointment of warden of the
tombs. Both factions of the Democratic party
were united and he positively would get this
position. '' Fatty " went to the convention and
voted for himself once, but it was agreed three
days before that General Bryce should he the
nominee for congress. The bargain was adheredto, and " F a t t y " has got his appointment.
" I do not know why the people are raising
such a fuss about this appointment of ' F a t t y '
to be warden of the Tombs," ex-Coroner W.
H. Kennedy said. "He has been a great service to the County Democracy down in this
district. and he ought to have something. I
my seif have spent a good deal of money in
politics, and I think it is only fair and just
t h a t ' F a t t y ; should have a job. He was promised it and he ought to have it, and there's an
end. It would have made a great difference
in the nurnber of votes that Hewitt polled in the
Second Assembly district had ' F a t t y ' Walsh
been in bed on election day instead of his
polling place m Park street. All his 'injuns'
would have held up their hands and quit
work. ' F a t t y ' got the biggest bulk of the
money to distribute at the polls and he made
good use of it, for Hewitt got more votes in
his district than in any other."
THE SITUATION IN PHILADELFHIA.
The Labor P a r t y Ha» a <;ood Chance—The
Bossen £e!ect the lteawlar Candidate».
PHILADELPHIA, Jan. 4.—The coming contest for the mayoralty of this city promises
to be dose and exciting. A new party has
entcred the field, and if properly managed
will give the Rcpublicans and Democrats a
hard race.
The Uuited Labor party holds its convention on the 34th of January, and as the situation stands at present, it has a good chance of
polling a large vote, providing the convention nominates men of honesty and ability.
At this stage of the party's existence the
character of the nominees is of vital importance. By nominating men oFwell-known honesty and ability the party furnishes a guarautee of good municipal government, while
the platform brings to the front the great natioual issue of the land question.
The situation is peculiarly favorable toward
the new party, because of the disaffection
which is already beginning to show itself in
the ranks of the Republicans.
The history of the selection of the probable
Republican nominee is, to say the least, peculiar. Seventeen men met last monfch in a
building on Third street, and kindly relieved
the rank and tile of the party from any
fnrther trouble in making a nomination by selecting for the candidate a well-kuown millionaire.
This method of selecting the candidate in
this city is not a new one; the only difference
is that the candidate is usually selected by
five men on Seventh street, while now he is
selected by seventeen men on Third street.
But the selection of the nominee in this case is
significant for two reasons; one is that the
candidate was selected by rich men for the
sole reason that he has a barrel, and has
tapped it liberally in previous elections, and
the second is that twelve of the men who took
part in the nominating convention have heretofore been more or less aetive in opposing
personal dictation in politics. Most of them
were members of the committee of one hundred, or some other similar reform association. How they justify their action in this
case is not clear to the avcrage citizen. It is
still an open question who the Democrats will
noiuinate, but they are pretty sure to put up
some second-rate politician if Boss Randall
runs the conventiou. On the whole the situation is peculiarly favorable towards the new
party, and if they dou't poll a large vote it
will be their own f ault.
A meeting of the Henry George club of
Philadelphia was hekl Deceml)er 31, 188<1, at
Broad and Filbcrt strects. This organization
has been foruicd to disseminate the doctrine
of laud nationalization as expressed in
"Progress and Poverty." Its membership is
rapidly growing and the educational work
which it is doing will prove of great value to
the cause.
It numbers among its members several newspaper men and many leading merchants
and manufacturers, men who occupy prominent positious in society and exercise a large
influence, Temporary quarters huve been
securcd at 1018 Chcstnut street, and the regularmeetings of the club will be hold on ihe
second and fourth Tuesdays of each month.
The following officers have been elected:
President, E. M. Chandler; secretary and
treasurer, A. A. Stcphenson.
Those who are iuterested in the work of the
society are requested to send their addre-ss to
A. H Stcphenson, secretary, P. O. box KK),
Philadelphia.
KEYSTOXE.
Sozjrarth A r0011.
Who, in the wintcr's night,
Soggarth Aroon,
When the could blast did bite,
Soggarth Aroon,
Came to my cabin door,
Aud, on my earthen flure,
Knelt by me, sick and poor,
Soggarth Aroon?
Who, on the marriage day,
Soggarth Aroon,
Made the poor cabin gay,
Soggarth Aroon—
And did both laugh and sing,
Making our hearts to rin oi
At the poor christening,
Soggarth Aroon i
Who, as friend only met,
Soggarth Aroon,
Never did flout me yet,
Soggarth Aroon?
And when my hearth was dim,
Gave, while his eye did brim,
What I should give to him,
Soggarth Aroon?
THE C0NTENTI0K
HQW
Obs t a d es T h a t Dlay lic Imerpoaed—Possible
Delaj-si—The P a t y of the Legislature—
The People'» iUandatc.
The great typical American statesman,
Thomas Jefferson, never uttcred a truer remark than whcn he declared that every generation of men need a revolution to purify
and renovate the functions of government,
and to bring these to the standard of contcmporary wants and conveuiencc.
The State of New York, wisely recognizing
this teaching, and prcferring that the methods
of revolution shall rather be peaceful than
violent, contemplates a review of its framework of government every twenty years. The
question of the revision and ameudment of
our State constitution was therefore submitted to popular vote last November. About
000,000 votes were polled, of which 570,000
were iu favor of revision and amendment and
30,000 against. The majority is unprcccdented, and gives proof of the existence of a
public opinion which many persons who are
gencrally careful Observers had nt.t suspectcd.
I t now beccmcs the constitutional duty of th«*
Icgislature, in session at Albany, to " previde
by law for thu election of delegates" to a
convention.
However small the vote east against the
holding of a convention, the interests adverse
to it are great and numerous. These interests
may be grouped as cither partisan or capitaiistic. Those with whom the world is doing
well naturally desire no chunge. That patient
ass, the public, is jogging along quite acccptably to them, under the impulse and direction
of their own bridle aud spars, and they fail to
see why auy altcration should be made in his
gait.
It so happens that neithpr the Democratic nor the Republican party organization»
of this State favored constitutional revision a t
the election. They passed no resoiutions, they
issued no appeals, they furnishcd no bailots.
The 510,000 majority is not of their making.
I t was given in spite of the indifTereuce or hostility of the managers of both the old parties,
and very considerabjy to Ihe surprise and discomfiture of them uti. And now that the
570,000 affirmative voters come to ask aDemccratic governor aud a legislaturc Republican in
both branches, for a convention, in which their
discontents can be expressed, their dcmand3
heeded, and the reforms they desire aeeomplished, it becomes an interesting question to
ask what they are going to do about it.
Neitber the Democrats nor the Republicnns
have the right to expect that they shall have
a majority of the delegates. Under the eir- .
cumstances it should be a non-partisan body,
in which no p a r t y should have absolute control. The representatives of all political
schools should rcceive a hearing—not only
those who fancy we have arriveel at the full
end and fruition of governmental progress,
but also those who believe we are yet a great
distance away from Utopia. There should be
no delay, for any cause or pretcnce, in passing
the act for the convention, and the day
for the elccticn of delegates and the
day for the assembling of the body itself should be the very eariiest practicable. Otherwisc the work of the convention may not be completed iu time to be
voted upon at the p«>ils in November next, and
the questions it may involvc may be carried
over into the next year ! s presidential canvasa
—not, perhaps, to the protit of w hoe ver may
be found responsible for ceedless delay. I t is
not apprehended thsit any serious attempt will
be made to juggle over Ihe words "election of
delegates," and to pass a law for their.appointment by the governor and renate. Such
a proposal has indeed been made iu print, bufe
it will doubt less be abandoued as impractF-'"
ca ble aud dangerous To its iuventors. The
question is not whether delegates shall be
named by the governor or by the sovereign
people, but whether, by any meaus, we shall
be prevented from having auy convention at
all. For nobody has yet discovered any means
of compelling the law-making power to perform a duty which may havt* been expressly
charged upon it by the const itutit-n. If, tlicrefore, cither the Democratic Governor or the Republican Legislaturc is reso!v;,;l to prevent the
holding of a convention, either can tindexcuses
cnougli to prevent. Supp«.>se that one iusista
on adapting the congressional apportioumenfe
under tlie census of 18.^0, as the basis of representation in the convention, whirtrthe other a d - '
hercs to the legislative apportiomnent under
the State census of 1875. Su ppose both sides get
to be very earnest in the dispute, party spirit
becomes rouscd, time ticets by, the convention
bill falls through, and the voice of 570,000
citizens is set at naught. Aud the census question is only one of a dozen issncs which might
be seized upon with more or less concert to
thwart the popular will.
Even ibis danger w are inclined to dismiss
as imaginary. Whatever reasons should be
adcluced for an adjournraent or ihe present
session without a proper convention law, t h a t
resulfe would be disastrous to all conccrned.
The agitation would not be quieted by such
means; it would be intensitied. The constitutional question would then enter, with all that
it implies, into the presidential struggle of
1S88. The preccdents of the "People r s Rcsolution" of:. 1845 would be recalted and followed. As was the case in ISJfj, the delay .
and exasperution would but render the malconteuts all the strenger, and the changes
required by the people more sweepiug and
comprehensive. The men at Albany havo
heard the muttcring of the storm; they will
not be like ly to provoke its f ury. The legislaturc is probably wisc enough to p;iss, and
the governor wise enough to ai^ii) a nonpartisan convention bill.
*
GlDKOX J- TUCKEK.
T a ri 11* l o r t l i e
Koss.
CniCAfTrO, Illinois.—The following exaraple
shows that a tariff cannot benetib labtirers
when the "labor market" is overstocked : Of a
certain article let ou« man iu a foreign country produce oue gross per day worth §10. his
wages being §1.50. Lav a 50 ]>cr cenL
duty, and a gross import ed into this
country must bring at least §15. The Råme
article made here may be sold for §12 a
gross and leave the manufacl-urer a good
profit after pay ing the workmari double
foreign wages. But then the foreign work 1
man comes here and compei.es until wages fall
to say S2. To the foreigner this is an apparent
increase of 50 cents; but to the American
workman it is a dccrcasi- of §1, and the manufacturer pockets the ditfcreuce in wages because the tariif protccts him from foreign com-.
petition.
FR. WISJU*XN-.
li and Vnluet» in L.oh?JAnKeles.
OUAXGE, Los Angeles county, Cal.—Land
here which was valucd a fcw years ago at Sl
or $2 an acre, having been found suitable for
grape raising, is now held a t from §100 to §o(H>
an acre. unimproved. Fully one-half of the
nominal owners are heavi ly mortgage d. I-Kirge
holders complam of high wages, which are"
but $1.50 a day in busy times. Every body
is looking for relief to a proposed duty of five
cents a pound on foreign raisins.
ROBKRT E. TEXER.
I l l i n o i s F a r m 3iort»;isc».
III.—There certainly never was
a better time to expound the doctrine of
shif ting all taxes to laud valnes to the agriculturists of Pike county, for I am reliabiy
informed that three-fourths of the farms are
mortgaged. The supposed owners are actually reuters, paying rent in the shape 01 interest. No doubt the same state of affairs
rcvails more or less in many other counties of
llinois.
F . H. ClLAXDALL.
BAKRY,
Ocb! you, and only you,
Soggarth Aroon I
;
And for this I was true to you,
Soggarth Aroon;
In love they'll nover shake,
When for ould Ireland 1 » sake,
We a true part did take,
' Soggarth Aroon!
—By John Banirxk.
THE
REPRESENTATIVES OF ALL POLITICAL
SCH00LS SHOULD BE THERE.
J
.
-_
•*•
y, -i .-
•/Sie Fira
Restnli
Pl aneTU«F<
A oerti
" garden,
mourtab
hismarv
tointrus
jects. S
5åde of
the oppi
departui
them aw
At ull
structed
the rovs
through
whom h<
about al
the gars
many fo
thought
pincss oi
determii
and pint
nuneiari
eupants
that a i
they wl
child wc
corner w
Along
gates ol
another
to the !
opened
gros'sed
the 'imf
was visi
him to
region.
its guar^
a delibe
fore giv
bent his
of f riciu
sorrowii
håps it
them to
another
Somet
looked ^
bis feet
to recei
guardia
leaving
this repi
ing the <
luted hii
far cour
It had
the gar
delcctal
fair ant
wali iu
golde u i
just bey
ward ar
glimpse:
minglin;
I t ha :
while f<
found a
were m*
where e
" I f we
and caj<
hard to
our gan
as ib w
gather t
ings wh
and bud
his eom
svstem«
tbab p:ti
offermg
Bufe the
change<
dusters
so that
at. a gat
occupai
found v
panion.
Bufe c
gates o.
and tho
uneqnaj
without
which, s
could h
server;
from it?
High
garden
.' :tters
ov orhai
and it h
hoary,i
who ca;
ble offt
acd wh
to tind
den re:
coveret
By pati
just a s
by the '
Runnin
voluute
duster.'
a n d fa i
law fro
ing CIE
d s e in 1
rufehles:
of reac
seerne j
Th», s
inearn
band oi
fruit, o.
law in}
garden
The l
resulutiag tta
in keej
bnngin
pant in
of tite
law aai
ing the
cnpans
sesscd;
The r
a mark
occupa
ought; 1
suitsai
someth
priviie;
feecded
he had
garden
thiug b
. nofchinc
except
to mak
fehere i
making
But a
gregati
8ouie n
pierce 1
cavifiy
be usec
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With dy
auothi»
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•
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m
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m
T H E STAND ARD,. SATURD AT, J A N U A B Y 8, 1887.
THE LOST EQUILIBRIUM.
mm mm URT THEIR FOOTHOLD IN THE
fiARDEN OF THE LORD.
«j^ePiHKlSciBare^fAdvmntacfw-Tlie F l å a !
ile—Tbe I * e * d B e e a m - N a n l a e l t a e a
• e M e n a i a * mf t a e G « M n U w ^ e f C * » ! » Bev i n Bø H a r k e n U a t a I B .
^ « e r t a i n k i n g m a d e a jqtacious s u s p e n d e d
g a r d e n , a n d s u r r o u u d c d i t w i t h a n insurmoiirtable wall. S u r v e y i n g t h e bcauties of
få* a u r v d o u s i y p o i s c d g a r d e n , h e d e t e r m i n e d
t o Éitrust i t t o t h e c a r e o f s o m e c h o s e n s u b So he m a d e prates in t h e w a l l o n o n e
o f t b e g a r d e n l o r t h e e u t r a n e c . a n d in
opposite wall m a d e other g a t e s for their
u t u r e w h e n it should please him t o cal!
them away.
A t a l l t h e p a t o s h e s t a t i o n e d g u a r d i a n s , in«-tructed t o oj>en a n d close»the p o r t a l s o n l y a t
(he royal command. Then he began t o usher
t h r o u g h the g a l e s of e n t r a n c e t b e s u b j e c t s
w h o m he bad chosen, bidding t h e m t o w a u d e r
a b o u t a t will, t o farmirarize i h e i n s e l v e s w i t h
t b e g a r d e n , a n d To r e g a l e t h e m s e l v e s a t t h e
m a n y f o u n t a m * of g r a t i i i e a t i o n i h a t his f o r e thought had providcd. To inercase the happ i n e s s of t h e s e o c c u p a n t s t h e w i s e k i n g s o o n
d e t o r m i n e d t o s e n d little c u i M r c n t o thorn,
a n d p l a c t d a t a frate o f e n t r a n c e » t i m e l y a n • u n c i a t i o n of his p u r p o s e . P r e s o u t l y t h e o c c u p a n t s d i s c o v e r e d i l s significauce, a n d k n o w
t h a t a little d u l d w a s a b o u t t o e n t e r . T h e n
t h e y w h o wuivted t h e c o m p a u i o n s h i p o f a
d u l d w e n t t o that g a l e , a n d t h e little n e w c o m c r w a s receivrd a n d led into t h e g a r d e n .
A l o n g the opnosiie side of the garden t h e
g a t e s o f exit o p e n e d a n d e l o s e d , a s o n e a n d
a n o t h e r o f tlie o c e n p a n t s p a s s e d o u t in a n s w e r
t o t h e royal summens.
Somotimes a g a t e
o p e n e d suddenly noar a n oecupant dceply eng r o s s e d w i t h s o m e pur.suit o r p l c a s u r c ; a n d
t h e i m p e r a t i v e g e s t ure o f i t s g u a r d i a n , w h o
Was visible only t o the cal led oue, summoned
h i m t o p a s s ut- o n c e i n t o t h e o u t e r u n k u o w n
r e g i o n . S o m e i i m e s a prate o p e n e d s l o w l y , a n d
f t s g u a r d i a n i i x o d his e v e ,-:; .::: creupa-nt w i t h
m deliberatiwn t h a t - w a s a l m o s t h e s i t u t i o n , bef o r e g i v i u g a summ-ms. Then the cal led one
b e u t his s t e p s t o w a r d t h e g a t e in t h e c o m p a n y
of f r i e n d s w h o s u n u n o n e d liitn t o bid h i m a d i e t i ,
• o r r o w i n g at t h e p a r t i n g , but « t v i n g t h a t perjl&ps i t w o u l d p l e a s e t h e w i s e k i n g t o p e r m i t
t h s m t o g r e e t h i m a g a i n a t a f uture t i m e in
another garden.
Sometimes a guardian opened his g a t e and
l o o k e d s t e a d f a s t l y at a n o e c u p a n t , w h o t u r n e d
h i s f e e l t h i i h e r w a r d , o r p e e t i u g utomen t a r i l y
t o r e c e i v e a s u m m o u s . but. o n l y t o s e c t h e
guardian withdraw, elosing the g a t e and
l e a v i n g h i m still w i t h i n t h e g a r d e n .
Then
i h i s reprie*"ed o n e t u r n e d l>ack a g a i u , r e o e i v i a g t h e c o u g r a t a l a t i o n s of his friends, w h o e a httod him a s one returniug unex])eeted f r o m a
far country.
t t h a d pleased the wise king to overhang
t h e g a r d e n w i t h d u s t e r s of g o l d e n f r u i t a n d
d e l e c t a b l e ofTerings, w h i c h nest Hug a m o n g
fair a n d budding promises beat over all the
w a l l in t e m p t i n g i n v i t a t i o n .
Somc of the
f o l d e n fruit w a s within e a s y rcach: m o r e w a s
j u s t b e y o n d ; m u e h m o r e still h i g h e r ; a u d up« a r d a n d far a b o v e , the e v e could distinguish
glimpscs of gold pceph.g out from a n mterxningling profr.sion <>f o f f e r i n g s a n d p r o m i s e s .
I t hai>pcrn^d i l i a t sor.ie of t h e o c c u p a n t s ,
« h i l e f o l l o w i r . g tlieir pursuits a n d p l e a s n r e s ,
f o u n d a s p o t w h e r e fruit offering a n d p r o m i s e
v e r e m o r e aixiitdant a n d aeeessible than a n y w h e r e e l s e . T h e n o n e s a i d t o his c o m p a n i e n s :
* ' i f w c c o u id b y a s y s t e m o f t h e p r e - e m p t i o n
a n d c a j e k r y si>i. uj) l i t n d r a u c e s t h a t w o u l d be
o a r d t o p a s o o v e r , a n d s-> m a k e t h i s p a r t of
OUT g a r d e n v a n t a g e grounii. h o w p l e a s a n t for
u s i t w o u l d K- U* d w e i l hore ak»ne, a n d t o
g a t h e r t h e gol-.ion. fruit a n d dek-etai>le olTcrI t t g s w b i J e a w a : l i n g th-"". ripetiing of t h e fair
a n d b u d d i n z pro-mises.'" Th»1 s u g g e s t i o n j>lfMised
h i s c o m p a n i o n s so well t h i t t h e y estabhshed a
«ysteniofpre-emptiou aud cajolerywhich made
t h a t p;iTT, of t h e g a r d e n , w i t h i t s w e a l t h o f fruit
o f f e r m g a n d pron"'.isi% v a n t a g e g r o u n d t o t h e m
B u t tlie h e a r t s of t h e s e pre-em|>tors b e c a m e s o
c h a n g e d by surfeiting o n t h e o v e r h a n g i n g
d u s t e r s Utat t h e y lost t h e i r l o v e of c h i i d r e n ,
a o t h a t who.n t h e t i m e l y ajiinuneiat ion ap]»eared
a t a g a t e of e n t r a n c e , it w a s s e l d o m t h a t a n
o e c u p a n t of t h e v a n t a g e g r o u n d c o u l d be
f o u n d w i i l i n g t o t a k e a l i t t l e c h i l d for a c o m panion.
B u t cliitdren w e r e j o y f n l l y r e c e i v e d a t t h e
g a t e s o f e n t r a n c e »n o t h e r p a r t s o f t h e g a r d e n ;
a n d t h o s e p a r t s b e c a m e t h i c k l y |>copled. T h i s
u n e q u a i distrilHiti>^tt of o c c u p a n t s w a s n o t
a i t h o u t a serioijs e f f e c t u p o n t h e g a r d e n ,
a T hicu, a l t b o u ^ h un|K'i'-<"ived b y i t s o c c u p a n t s ,
could huve beeu discovered by an c x a c t olv
s e r v e r ; for the garden g r a d u a i l y d e p a r t e d
from its perfect equijxtisc
l i i g h u|K»n t h e w a l i in a c e r t a i n p a r t o f t h e
g a r d e n t h e w i s e k i n g h a d w r i t t e n a l a w in
l e t t e r s o f g o l d . Kut t h e l u . . a r i a n c e o f t h e
overhanging d u s t e r s had hidden this law,
a n d it h a d been c o v e r e d u p b y a s p e c i e s o f
Itoary, insidious c r e e p e r . O n e d a y a s o l i t a r y
who c a r e d naught. for g o l d e n fruit, d e l c c t a b ) e offering an«i fair an<i Inidding p r o m i s e s ,
a n d w h o lo v e d t o p r o w i a b o u t t h e w a l l , h o p i n g
t o find t h e r e a c l u e t o s e c r e t s w h i c h t h e g a rden refused t o reveal, discovered the law
« o v c r e d u p b y t l i e h o a r y insidious c r e e p e r .
B y p a t i e n c e a n d c a r e h e b r o u g h t it to l i g h t
j a a t a s it h a d b e e n w r i t t e n in l e t t e r s o f g o l d
b y t h e w i s e k i n g : Freserve
tlie
EqpiWarium.
ftuitning b a c k i n t o t h e g a r d e n h e c a , l c d f o r
volunteers t o c u t a w a y the overhanging
d u s t e r s o f g o l d e n fruit, d d c c t a b i e o f f e r i n g s
a a d f a i r a n d b u d d i n g proniises t h a t h i d tlie
l a w f ~<jm t h e o c c u p a n t s . B u t t h e o v e r h a n g i n g d u s t e r s w e r e p r i z e d above. c v e r y t h i n g
d a e i n t h e g a r d e n ; a n d a proposition t o c u t
iuthleesl3 r t h r o v g i i t h e m e v e n for t h e p u r p o s e
o f rcaching a golden law of a wise king
aectned like t h e v a g a r y of a m a d m a n .
fices, a n d c a e h c o n g r e g a t i o n b e l i e v c d i t s o w n
o r m c e t o be t h e o n l y r e a l a n d useful orificc.
Disagreemeuts also arose as to the meaning
of Uie g o l d e n law. I u ^ > m e c a s e s t h e y w e r e
m e r e l y i n d i v i d u a l d i i r e r e u e e s of o p i n i o n ; in
other cases n e w congregations were establ i s h e d t o u n i t e in u p h o l d i n g s o m c f a v o r i t e
interprctation.
N e a r l y a l l nicmlxjrs of all
c o n g r e g a t i o n s a g r e e d , h o w e v e r , in t h e belief
t h a t t h e g o l d e n l a w s h o u i d lx; v a l u e d a s a
r e g u l a t o r of b e h a v i o r .
C o n s e q u e n t l y , all
c c t i g r e g a t i o n s o l ) c y e d i t s prccejit b y s e t t i n g
a p a r t c e r t a i n {æriods of t i m e for t h e pursuits
a n d p l c a s u r t s of t h e g a r d e n , baiancitig t h o s e
p e r i o d s by o t h e r p c r i o d s s e t a p a r t l\.r offeri n g s e r v i c e s of g r u t i t u d e a t t h e orilk-cs.
A n o t h e r i n t c q j r e t a t i o n t h a t f o u n d m n n y ind o r s e r s a n d c:iuscd t h e f o r m a t i o n of n e w
c o n g r e g a t i o n s d e c l a r e d t h a t t h e cquilibrium
enj<jine<l b y t h e g o l d e n l a w r c f e r r e d t o t h e
omotions; so certain other periods were set
a p a r t b y ^ l h e s e c o n g r e g a t i o n s a s p e r i o d s of
e x u b e r a n c c a n d j«)y, a n d sueli j æ r i o d s w e r e
b a l a n c e d wit.h «tlicr p c r i o d s s e t a p a r t a s
lieritwls of d e p r e s s i o n a n d s o r r o w .
O u t s i d e of t h e c o n g r e g a t i o n s w e r e m a n y o c cii|Kints w h o l x ; l i e v e d t h e c o n g r e g a t i o n s a l t o g e t h e r w r o n g in their interpret a t-ions of t h e
golden law.
These doublers regarded the
l a w o n l y a s a g o v e r n o r of h e a l t h , s a y i n g t h a t
i t h a d l>ecn f o u n d t o insure a n equilibrium of
t h e b o d i l y f u n c t i o n s . P u t i n t o phi in l a n g u a g e ,
t h e y t h o u g h t t h e p r c c e p t m e a n t t h a t : Occup a n t s of t h e g a r d e n m u s t s o e m p l o y t h e m s e l v e s t h a t their n a t u r a l o r g a n s w o u l d o b t a i n
c q u a l p o r t i o n s of lab«.>r, r e e r e a t i o n a n d repose. Furthennorc, these outsiders declared
t h a t t h e oriiices w e r e but opporttmities for t h e
exhibition o f f o l l y , a s no t o k e n of a c k n o w l e d g r ø e n t h a d e v e r e n t e r e d t h e g a r d e n in res p o n s e t o t h e s e r v i c e s of g r a t i t u d e t h a t h a d
b e e u offeret!, a u d t h a t t h e t r u e w a y t o m a k e
re»,urn t o t h e w i s e k i n g for his b e n c f a e t i o n s
w a s t o a d m i r e t h e Ix^auties of his h a n d i w o r k
in the garden.
Sueii a r g u m e n t s , h o w e v e r ,
h a d no w e i g h t w h a t e v e r with those w h o
m a n y t i m e s , w h e n w e a r i e d w i t h t h e pursuits
a n d pleasuresof the garden, a n d w h e n its v e r y
atmosphere seemed enervating, had whilc at
s o m e orifice b e e o m e c o u s c i o u s of i n b l o w i n g
z e p l i y r s r e v i W f y i n g in their inllucnce a n d c u m f o r t i n g in their f r a g r a n e e .
T h e r e w e r e s c o f f e r s in t h e g a r d e n w h o q u c s l i o n e d e v e n t h e v e r y c x i s t e n e e of t h e w i s e
king, a n d pronounced the golden l a w a piece
of i n e o m p r e h e n s i b i l i t y t h a t h a d b e e n w r i t t c n
i n t i m e p a s t by s o m e s h r e w d o e c u p a n t w h o for
a sellish purjwse w i s h e d t o g a i n a s c e u d a n c y
o v e r o t h e r o c c u p a n t s by w o r k i n g 1 ufxui their
c r c d u l i t y . T h e y s a i d t h a t if a w i s e k i n g d i d
e x i s t , a n d if he h a d a n y l a w , a n d it h e w i s h e d
i n t c l l e c t s t o a c c e p t him a n d his l a w s , t h e
p r o p e r c o u r s e f o r h i m w o u l d be t o e n t e r t h e
g a r d e n a n d t o w r i t e a l a w lx?fore t h e e v e s of
i t s o c c u p a n t s in w o r d s t h a t t h e y c o u l d u n d e r stand.
W hile t h e o c c u p a n t s of t h e g a r d e n w e r e
t h u s f o i l o w i n g t h e i r pursuits a n d p l e a s u r e s ;
whilc congregations were thus wrangling
a b o u t i n t e r p r o t a t i o n s : w h i l e scoffers w e r e
thus jecring a t the golden law, and challengi n g the w i s e k i n g t o m a n i f e s t himself u n m i s tablj-, t h e g a r d e n w a s d e p a r t i n g m o r e a n d
m o r e from i t s o r i g i n a l equipose. T h e l o w e r
parts, e r o w d e d a s they had beeome by occup a n t s w h o w e r e e x c l u d e d from t h e v a n t a g e
g r o u u d b y t h e h i n d r a n e e s of pre-emption a n d
c a j o l e r y , w e r e s t e a d i l y sinking, a n d t h u s
s t e a d i l y d r a w i n g a w a y f r o m tlie o v e r h a n g i n g d u s t e r s . N o r d i d t h e rise o f t h e v a n t a g e
ground bring t o its occupants w h a t they had
s o u g h t ; f o r a l t h o u g h t h e y w e r e lifted h i g h e r
among the dusters, those d u s t e r s reeeded
steadily, and they w e r e continual!y tantalized
b y prizes w h i c h w e r e a l m o s t y e t n o t a l t o gether within the grasp.
T h e c h a n g e in t h e poise of t h e g a r d e n prog r e s s e d so s l o w l y t h a t i t w a s f o r a l o n g t i m e
t h o u g h t u n w o r t h y of romark. T h e pursuits
a n d p l e a s u r e s of tim o c c u p a n t s s o e n g r o s s e d
t h c i r a t t e n t i o n t h a t t h e y h a d little a t t e n t i o n
t o lwstrnv u | » n t h e p h e u o m e n a . Childreu e n tered the garden, g r e w to maturity and
p a s s e d t h r o u g h t h e g a t e s of e x i t w i t h o u t hee<ii n g t h e p r o g r e s s of t h e ineline. G r a d u a i l y
and
unceasingJy, h o w e v e r , t h e
vantage
g r o u n d c o n t i n u e d t o rise a n d t h e l o w e r p a r t s
\ t o sink until t h e g a r d e n b e c a m e s o sUtntcd
t h a t e x i s t e n c e t h e r e i n b e g a n t o be a contiuual
st-ruggle t o g e t u p hill. A l l o c c u p a n t s l)ecame
seized w i t h a d e t e r m i u a t i o n t o g e t a w a y a n d
k e e p a w a y from t h e l o w e r p a r t s a t all haza r d s ; for their p l e y s u r e h a d c e a s e d , a n d all
pursuits w e r e r e d u e e d t o a e e a s e l e s s effort t o
seiz« i t h e m c a g c r d u s t e r s t h a t o v e r h u n g t h a t
locality, alnmst beyond reaeh.
M o v e d w i t h c o m p a s s i o n for t h e o c c u p a n t s
of t h e s e p a r t s , s o m e of t h e o c c u p a n t s of t h e
v a n t a g e ground now voluntarily descended
a m o n g them to comfort them, and to couusel
t h e m l o a w a i t in p a t i e n c e t h e t i m e w h e n it
w o u l d p l e a s e t h e w i s e king t o ea.ll t h e m a w a y
t o o t h e r a n d Ijettor g a r d e n s . B u t t h e p r o s p e c t o f o t h e r g a r d e n s h a d iittle a t t r a c t i o n for
t h e o c c u p a n t s of t h e l o w e r p a r t s .
Their
h e a r t s w e r e s e t u p o n t h i s g a r d e n , a n d es|>oc i a l l y o n o n e d e s i r a b l e s p o t half w a y u p the
i n d i n o , t o w h i e h t h e y m i g h t aspire. I t w a s
j u s t b«*low t h e h i n d r a n e e s set up by t h e s y s t e m of pre-emption a n d c a j o l e r y . T h e r e t h e
g a r d e n h a d not risen a m o n g t h e o v e r h a n g i n g
d u s t e r s , nor h a d it sunk a w a y f r o m t h e m :
a n d t h o s e f o r t u n a t e e n o u g h t o obtain a foothold in t h a t r e g i o n w e r e t o l e r a b l y c e r t a i n of
securing enough, though the overhaneiug
d u s t e r s w e r e s c a n t y in c o m p a r i s o n w i t h the
l a v i s h profusion of t h o s e of t h e v a n t a g e
ground.
O n e d a y a c l h m V r . w h o -had g a i n e d a prec a r i o u s f o o t i n g in t h e m i d d le part. of t h e g a r d e n , a n d w h o w a s l o o k i n g a b o u t t o s e e if he
c o u l d m a k e a s a f e v e n t u r e in a n y d i r e c t i o n ,
e s p i e d a n opjx»rtune a d v a n w i g e b e f o r e him.
U p o n e x a mining it c a r e f u l l y h e found it t o be
s e c u r e a n d promising. T h e n g r a s p i n g il, h e
r c a i i z e d t h a t it w a s n o t o n l y :t m e a n s o f su{>p o r t , b u t a n a g e n t b y w l i i c h h e could suraioiint
t h e h i n d r a n e e s a n d e n t e r the. v a n t a g e g r o u n d .
A n d f r o m t b a t time f o r w a r d t h e chief d c s i r e
o f t h e h o l d e r s of t h e m i d d l e g r o u n d w a s to
s e e k o u t a n d g a i n ]x>ssession o f o p p o r t u u e a d vantages.
T h e s l a n t o f t h e g a r d e u s o i n e r c a s e d t h a t in
Hieaolitary, however, w a s so very much
e a r n e s t t h a t h e d i d s u c e e e d i n o r g a n i z i n g a c o u r s e of t i m e i t f o r b a d e f u r t h e r d i s r e g a r d ;
o f d e v o t e c s w h o c u t r e s o l u t c l y t h r o u g h a n d still c o n t i n u i n g , it b e c a m e a n a l l - c n g r o s s T h o u g h m a n y still insisted t h a t
frait, offering a n d p r o m i s e ; a n d brought t h e ing theme.
i n p l a i n s i g h t t o a l l i u t h a t p a r t of t h e t h e g a r d e n h a d al w a y s been a s t c e p h i l l , m a n y
m o r e b y f a r n o w b e l i e v c d i t s c o u d i t i o n a u une » w h o c h o s e t o r e a d it.
H » i w t h u s r c v e a l e d , a p p e a r c d t o t h e s e n a t u r a l o n e , t h e result of t h e w o r k i n g of s o m e
roBoiute d e v o t e c s s o g o l d e n a n d f u l l o f m e a n - h i d d e u c a u s e , w h i e h t h e o c c u p a n t s o u g h t t o
i a g t h a t t h e y a g r e e d t o p a s s t h e i r w h o l e t i m e d i s c o v e r . T h e v e h e m e n e c of t h e i r a r g u m e n t s
k e e p i n g i t u n c o v e r c d a n d bright, a n d i n f o r c e d e v e n t h e listless t o t a k e p a r t iu t h e
it t o the k a o w l e d g e o f e v e r y oecu- controversy.
p a n t in t h e gardeu. T o accomplish this, some
" Look y e ! alarmists began to c r y ; " one
o f U K d e v o t e c s m a d e c o p i e s o f t h e g o l d e n p a r t of o u r g a r d e n i s c o n t i n u a l l y s i n k i n g —
• w a n d w e n t t h r o u g h t h e g a r d e n d i s t r i b u t - a n o t h e r p a r t c o n t i n u a l l y rising. If t h i n g s
I n g t h e m , s o t h a t in c o u r s e o f t i m e e v e r y o c - g r o w w o r s e w i t h us w e will sure ly be o v e r e a p a n t h a d k a o w l e d g e of t h e law, m a n y pos- aårued."
a e s s e d a c o p y o f it, a n d s o m e p r i z é d i t h i g h l y .
" S p e a k to the occupants of the lower
The popularizatton o f t h e g o l d e n l a w c a u s e d p a r t s ! " a n s w e r e d t h e v a n t a g e g r o u n d . " T h e y
a m a r i æ d c h a n g e in t h e h a b i t s o f m a n y o f t h e a r e t o b k . m e , t h e y a r e c o n t i n u a l i y a d i a i t o c c u p a n t s . T h e y b e g a n t o b e l i e v e t h a t t h e y t i n g c h i i d r e n t h r o u g h t h e g a t e s of e n
o a g h t n o t t o g i v e t h e m s e l v e s w h o l l y t o pur- trance a n d increasing the w e i g h t of the lower
auits a n d pleasures, but t h a t t h e y o u g h t t o d o parts. If t h e y paid no m o r e attention to the
a o m e t h i n g f o r t h e w i s e k i n g i u reUirn f o r t h e t i m e l y a n n u n c i a t i o n t h a n w c d o , our g a r d e u
M
p r i v i l e g e s o f t o e g a r d e n w h i c h h e h a d c x - w o u l d s o o n right itseif.
i e n d e d t o them, a n d for the golden l a w that
" S p e a k t o the occupants of the v a n t a g e
W h a d w r i t t c n . B u t h e b e i n - o u t s i d e o f t h e g r o u n d r* r e t o r t e d t h e l o w e r p a r t s .
They
g a r d e n , Sne w a l l h e i n g h n p a s s a b l e t o e v e r y - h a v e b r o u g h t t h i s titing t o p a s s . If t h e y h a d
t h i n g b u t kås p o w e r , a u d t h e o c c u p a n t s h a v i n g n o t s e t u p h i n d r a n e e s b y t h e i r s y s t e m of p r e a c i h i n g t o o f f e r h i m t h a t w a s n o t a l r e a d y his, e m p t i o n a n d « a j o l e r y , o c c u p a n t s w o u l d b e
«*ceJ*-%oervice o f g r a t i t u d e , t h e y d e t e r m i n e d n a t u r a l l y a n d e q u i t a b l y distributed, a n d o u r
J o m a k e a n orifice i n t h e w a l l a u d a s s e m b l e g a r d e n w o u l d r e s t in equiiibrium."
9hænx t a a c o n g r e g a t i o n f o r U i e p u r p o s e o f
A m i d these a l a r m s a n d recriminatious a
making such a g i f t offering.
reasoner w a s quietly and industriously noting
B u t a d i f f e r e n c e o f o p i n i o n a r o s e in t h e c o n - t h e u u u a t u r a l c o u d i t i o n oi his surroundings.
B y d i u t oi' g r c a t effort he h a d g n i u e d a posi^ e g a t i o n s h o r t l y a f t e r t h e orifice w a s m a d e .
o o m e a s s e r t e d t h a t t h e o r i l i c e d i d n o t f u l l y t i o n in t h e m i d d l e g r o u n d ; but i u s t e a d of t r y fierce the w a l i ; butreached only t o a large iug to grasp one of the opportuue advantages
• a v i t y in t h e interior, a a d t h e r e l o r c c o u l d n o t f o r h i s o w n use, h e s o u g h t t o d i s c o v e r their
l e u s e d a s a tucdium o f communicatiou w i t h origiu. B y ioag and patieut study he learned
t h e w i s e k i n g . S o t h e d i s a f f e c t e d m e m b e r s t h a t t h e y w e r e a t t a c h e d t o t h e m a r g i n of t h e
* ! t h d r e w f r o m t h e c o n g r e g a t i o n , a n d m a d e g a r d e n , a n d r e a e h k i g fur u p a m o n g t h e o v e r • « o t h e r orifice, w h i c h i u i t s t u r n b e c a m e a h a n g i n g c l u y t e r s of g o l d e u Jruit, d e i c e t a b i c
« f 4iwwnninn. T a u s . i n c o u r s e o f t i m e o f f e r i n g s a n d f a i r a u d b u d d i u g p r o m i s e s l i u n g
ifcg;
dowm asofpuflunities for the elevation of Ute
CHEATING THE INDIAN8.
will t e n d t o r e f o r m t h e I n d i a n g o v e r n m e n t s
garden. H e reasoned that when the garden
a n d t h e I n d i a n bureau. O t h e r w i s e , t h e o p h a d r e s t e d in i t s original s t a t e of e q u i p o s e
portunities of t h e rich I n d i a n s t o o p p r e s s t h e
t h e o p p o r t u n i t i e s for t h e e l e v a t i o n of t h e g a r d e n h a d b e e n o u t of s i g h t b e h i u d t h e o v e r - SCHEMES OF WHITE MEN TO GET POS- p o o r w o u l d s e e m t o lx? i n e r c a s e d , r a t h e r t h a n
diminishcd, b y d i v i d i n g t h e l a n d s in s e v e r a l t y .
lutuging d u s t e r s ; but a s t h e v a n t a g e g r o u n d
SESS10N OF INDIAN TERRITORY.
If the bil! shall pass, a n d if e a c h a d u l t Inh a d risen a m o n g t h e d u s t e r s a n d h a d b e e o m e
dian
be a s s i g n e d his Itø) a c r e s , t h e p o o r w i l l
a n ineline, t h o s e op]K>rtuuities, r c a c h i n g d o w n
still
lx?
poor. T h e y will h a v e n o t h i n g t o s e t
the slope a s far a s and e v e n b e y o n d the P r e s i d e n t Clcvelnnd'» O r i c i n n l Policy—His
u
p
h
o
u
s
e - k e e p i n g iqion, n o t h i n g on w h i c h t o
hindranees, had offered t h e m s e l v e s a s opS n r r e n d c r t o t h e Ituffian S w i n d l c r » — T h e begin a s i u d e p e n d e n t tillers of t h e soil. N o
portune a d v a n t a g e s to those w h o espied
L a n d i n S c v c r a l t y Schemc—Tlie G o v e r a - house, n o furniturc, uo p r o v i s j o n s for a y e a r ,
t h e m . H e r e a s o n e d , further, thatopport-unitics
incnt'8
P r o m i s e s t o b e brokr.n.
n o horse or ox, no p l o w ; a n d t h e o u t c o m e will
for t h e e l e v a t i o n of t h e g a r d e n m u s t be t h e
be
t h a t t h e poor Indian m u s t g o b a c k t o the
c o m m o n a t t a c h m e n t of it« w h o i e m a r g i n .
W a s h i n g t o n , D e c . 27, 18S0.—It is n o w fifty
f
a
r
m of his rich neighlx>r a n d w o r k for $1G ix?r
" E u r e k a ?' he c r i e d a l o u d t o t h e o c c u p a n t s of y c a r s a u d moro since t h e C r c e k s , C h e r o k e e s ,
montii.
W h a t , then, will he d o with lås 1 f10
t h e g a r d e n , " I h a v e f o u u d i t ! Our w h o l c
C h i c k a s a w s , C h o c t a w s a n d I k n o w not h o w a c r e s . ' I l e will l e a s e ifc t o his rich ncighbor,
g a r d e n is v a n t a g e g r o u n d ! L a y hold of t h e
o p p o r t u n i t i e s t h a t a r e a t t a c h e d t o a l l tlie m a n y o t h e r A l x n i g i n a l trihes w e r e c a j o l e d a n d w h e n t e m p t e d t o s p e n d m o r e t h a n h e
m a r g i n of t h e g a r d e n , a n d lift t h e g a r d e n a n d f o r c e d t o lea v e their n a t i v e huntinir m a k e s a s a laborer, he w i l l m o r t g a g e his l a n d
i n t o a s t a t e of e q u i p o s e a n d up a m o n g t h e j g r o u n d s er.st of the Mississii>pi. T h e y w e r e for m o n e y . The s e n a t e bill p r o v i d e s that. t h e
. p r o m i s e d a p e r m a n e n t h e m e b e y o n d the" a l l o t m e n t of land t o individual I n d i a n s will be
overhanging dusters!"
" O h , nor'' r e s i w n d e d t h e y of t h e l o w e r G r c a t Kiver—lx?yond the r e m o t e s t s c a t t e r e d held iu trust by t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s for t w e n t y p a r t s , " W e h a v e n o t i m e t o bother w i t h y o u r s e t t l e m e n t s of t h e A r k a n s a s territory.
A five y e a r s , a f t e r w h i c h t i m e the I n d i a n or his
t h c o r i e s about. t h e use of opportunities. W e (ine di si riet of c o u n t r y , s e v e n t y t h o u s a a d hcirs is t o h a v e a e u n v e y n n e e of t h e l a n d in
a r e i n t r o d u c i u g a m c t h o d of progression t h a t sqtiare m i l e s iu extent-, svas s e t a p a r t a n d fee, d i s c h a r g e d of al! i n c u m b r a n c e s wh;it-sowill c a r r y us uj» t h e ineline easiiy. ]Sy a id of s o l e m n l y d e e d e d t o t h e m b y a c t of c o n g r e s s . e v c r . T h e ])i*(jfessed ob.ject is t o t r a i n t h e
our u e w l y d i s c o v e r e d combination move»nent There t l i e y a n d thcir p o s t c r i t y w e r e t o re- I n d i a n t o civilized habits of business; a n d t h i s
w c c a n w o r k o u r s e l v e s u p w a r d a u d o n w a r d m a i n foi'c\-er. a sejr-arate p.eopie u n d e r t h e i r is l o be d o n e by app.»inling him a g u a r d i a n for
a s a s i n g l e irresistable b o d y into thi: v a n t a g e o w n tribal l a w s uu<\ u s a g e s , but w i t h e v e r y t w e n t y - f i v c y e a r s , d u r i n g w h i e h t i m e h e c a n
g r o u n d . " "P.ut listen!" p l e a d e d the reasoner; ]K'Ssibie e n c o u r a g e m e n t frigin t h e w h i t e r a c e neither buy nor seil land. W b y , then, not al" t h e t r a n s f e r of such an immouse w e i g h t t o to t h e aequisition of t h e a r t s of c i v i l i / e d liio. l o w t h e l a n d t o remain in the j o i n t o w n e r s h i p
t h e v a n t a g e g r o u n d will surely o v e r t u r n our T h e e n f o r c e d enrigration of t h e s e tribes from of the tribe? A s a m e m b e r of the tribe he
g a r d e n a n d w e shall all be p l u u g c d into c h a o s S t a t e s e a s t of t h e Mississippi w a s g e n e r a l l y c a n n o t possibly be c h e a t e d out i>f his birthright, if t h e l a n d is h e l d a s a t present. If «ustogethcr!"
r e g a r d e d a s unjust a n d cruel, bul n o w in th.eir s i g n c d t o him in s e v e r a l t y , albeit w i t h o u t t h e
' : Y o u r a r g u m e n t s a r e f a l l a d e s , " replied n e w hornes- in t h e F a r W e s t t h e y w e r e t o be p o w e r of alienation, it is m o r a ! l y c e r t a i n t h a t
t h e y of t h e l o w e r p a r t s . "Our o n s e t is w l>e so slue kled f o r all t i m e by thy n a t i o n a l author- he will e n t e r into c o n t r a c t s b y w h i c h he will
s u d d e n a n d iinpe.iuous, a n d our m o v e m e n t so i t y a n d t h e n a t i o n a l honor f r o m further cr.cumber it t o its full v a l n e . The a l l o t m e n t s
w e l l qualiticd t o a d a p t itself t^» e x i g e n e i c s , iujnstice.
a r e t o be p a t e n t e d to the Indians, a n d h e l d
t h a t tlie h i n d r a n e e s v,ill be d e s l r o y c d , our
aud conveyed and to descend "accordiug to
r a n k s brt^ken up a u d s c a t t e r e d a n d the equiB u t t h e t i d e of w h i t e e m i g r a t i o n w h i c h t h e Jaxvs of t h e s t a t e or t e r r i t o r y w h e r e s u c h
iibrium r e c o v e r e d , t h o u g h t h e g a r d e n should h a d a l r e a d y p a s s e d b e y o n d t h e Mississippi iu l a n d is l o c a t e d . " The l a w s will VJC m a d e b y
be within o n e d e g r e e of c a t a s t r o p h e . " Then a fe w y e a r s s w e p t a r o u n d a n d e n f o l d e d t h e w h i t e men, f o r t h e p e c u l i a r a d v a u t a g e o f t h e t h e r e a s o n e r a p p e a l e d t o t h e c o n g r e g a t i o n s : I n d i a n r e s e r v a t i o n w i t h i n its b r o a d current. w h i t e m e n .
" F o r t h e l o v e w h i c h y o u haA'c for t h e w i s e The public l a n d s in Missouri a n d A r k a n s a s ,
T h e s e bilis, t h e r e f o r e , a r e a d m i r a b l y c o n king," eried he, " liften t o t h e t r u e m e a n i n g of T e x a s a n d K a n s a s , w e r e npproprinted by
the g e h i e n Jaw a u d b e h o l d t h e result of y o u r nct.uul settlers, or by w e a l l h y uoii-resident t r i v e d for turning the A b o r i g m e s of this
ignorauee.' W l u i e y o u h a v e been w r a n g l i n g i n d i v i d u a l s and eonipanies.
R a i l r o a d c o m - c o u n t r y into p a r i a h s a n d o u t e a s t s , l a n d l c s s
D A M K L 11. GOODL-OE.
a b o u t t h e b a l a n e i n g of s e a s o n s a n d omotions, p a n i e s aske<l a n d o b t a i n e d l e a v e t o e x t e n d a n d homcless.
our g a r d e n itself h a s lost its equiiibrium. This their lines t h r o u g h t h e t e i r i t o r y , from the
is t h e m e a n i n g of t h e g o l d e n l a w , Ptvsewe
the b o r d e r s of Missouri a n d K a n s a s t o T e x a s .
THE ARCHBISH0P.
ecnrilibrium
<>fthc garden.
W e lia v e f a i l e d t o This p r i v i l e g c n e c e s s a r i l y i n v o l v c d a v i o l a oljey, a n d a r e sufferiug t h e d i s a s t r o u s c o n s c - tion of a f u n d a m e n t a l l a w of t h e I n d i a n H i s l*OHition Insult5;»K t o t b e D i j t n i t y o f t h e
q u e n c e s of our f o l l y . W h i l e t h e r e is y e t time, r e s e r v a t i o n forbidding n».V w h i t e m a n t o
Uepuhlic.
l a y hold of t h e o p p o r t u n i t i e s t h a t a r e a t t a c h e d s e t t l e a m o n g t h e m .
The c a i t l e b r e e d e r s
A r c h b i s h o p C o r r i g a n h a s a s s u m e d a position
t o t h e m a r g i n of our g a r d e n , a n d r e s t o r e t h e m a d e c o n t r a c t s w i t h t h e tribes for t h e priviw h i c h is u t t e r l y r e p u g n a u t t o t h e g e n i u s of
l o s t equiiibrium!"
l e g c of p a s t u r i u g their licrds upon the this republic, insulting t o i t s d i g n i t y , a n d d a n P o s s e s s i o n , it is said, c o n - g e r o u s t o i t s liberties. A m a n of d i s t i n g u i s h e d
" N o n s e n s e !" s a i d t h e c o n g r e g a t i o n s . " T h e r c s e r v a t i o n s .
equiiibrium e n j o i n e d by the g o l d e n l a w is an s t i t u t e s niiie points of the l a w , a n d it w a s not abilifcy, c u l t u r e a n d p i e t y , a n d a n A m e r i c a n
equiiibrium of disposal of t h e o v e r h a n g i n g l o n g b e f o r e t h e s e t e n a n t s a n d their co-con- b y birth, is s u m m o n e d t o Korne t o a n s w e r for
d u s t e r s . Surne o f t h e s e a r e for t h e use of s p i r a t o r s on t h e b o r d e r o r g a n i z e d t h e m s e l v e s t h e course h e s a w fifc to p u r s u e in a munieipal
s e i f ; s o m e t o be distributed a m o n g o t h e r s a s an a r m y t-o t a k e p o s s e s s i o n of t h e l a n d s o n e l e c t i o n in N e w Y o r k b e f o r e a n e c c l e s i a s t i e
t h a n seif." T h e n c a l l i n g out t o t h e o c c u p a n t s w h i e h t h e y h a d beeu p e r m i t t e d t o g r a z e their w h o h a s b e e n d e p r i v e d b y his c o u n t r y m e n of
of t h e v a n t a g e g r o u n d : " S h o w e r d o w n , " c a t t l e .
p o w e r h e l d b y his o r d e r for t w e l v e l u m d r e d
c r i e d t h e c o n g r e g a t i o n s , " o u t oi" y o u r abundThe g o o d people o f t h e c o u n t r y a n d t h e a n d s i x t y y e a r s , a n d w h o is n o w a v o l u n t a r y
a n c e g o l d e n fruit a u d o f f e r i n g s u u t o t h e l o w e r G o v e r n m e n t b r a n d e d t h e c o u d u c t of t h e s e
prisoner in t h e V a t i c n u . Could a n y t h i n g b e
parts!"
lawless men as an outrage.
T r o o p s w e r e m o r e humiliating or p r e p o s t e r o u s ! A n d y e t ,
S o a s h o w e r of g i f t s fell o u t of t h e v a n t a g e sont t o p r o t e c t the h e l p l e s s Inuians. The c o u - if w e t a m e l y submit t o it. this a c t of a C a t h o g r o u n d into t h e l o w e r p a r t s , w h e r e o c c u p a n t s d u c t of President. C l e v e l a n d in this m a t t e r
Iic a r c h b i s h o p m a y l e a d t o c o n s c q u e n c e s of
w e r e joining h a n d in h a n d t o e s s a y a n a s c e n t w a s heart ily a p p r o v e d b y all parties. But,
i n e o n c e i v a b l e m a g n i t u d e a n d of t h e m o s t d i s of t h e iuclinc by h e l p of their n e w l y d i s c o v - a l a s ! his p o l i c y h a s b e e n a b a n d o n e d .
a s t r o u s d i a m e t e r . T h e c a u s e of f r e e d o m a n d
ered combination movement, while congregaInercdiWe a s it a p p e a r s , it is t r u e t h a t t h e
justice in t h i s c o u n t r y h a s a l r e a d y a r r a y e d
tions throughoiit t h e g a r d e n a s s e m b l c d a t a d m i u i s t r a t i o n of Mr. C l e v e l a n d a n d the c o n t h e i r orifices t o offer t o t h e w i s e k i n g a s e r v i c e g r e s s of t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s n o w propose t o a g a i n s t it a " s o l i d S o u t h . " Shall it n o w b e
o f g r a t i t u d e f o r t h e g o l d e n l a w w h i e h t h e y c o n c c d e t o t h e ruillau i n v a d e r s of t h e I n d i a n s u b j e c t c d t o t h e n e c c s s i t y of i i g h t i n g t h e
h i e r a r c h y of R o m e ? W h a t e v e r opinion w e
r e f u s e d t o a c c e p t in i t s true signiJieauce.
t e r r i t o r y all t h a t t h e y d e m a n d . T h e r e a r e
m a y form of t h e t h e o r y put forth b y t h e n e w
U n h e e d e d , t h e v o i c e of t h e r e a s o n e r r a n g n o w t w o bilis p e n d i n g in c o n g r e s s , e a c h of
school of political e c a n o m y in r c l a t i o n t o t h e
t h r o u g h the g a r d e n : "Soi/.e the opportuni- w h i c h h a s p a s s e d o n e house, m a k i n g this e o n individual o w n e r s h i p of land, it is foolish t o
t i e s ! Seize t h e o p p o r t u n i t i e s !' U n h e e d e d , t h e cession in t h e a m p l e s t form.
r
e g a r d it a s soeialist.ic o r a n a r c h i c a l . If it b e
c r y fell uixm the e a r s of t h e o c c u p a n t s of t h e
One of t h e s e bilis p r o v i d e s f o r t h e establishl o w e r p a r t s a s their c o m b i n a t i o n m o v e m e n t m e n t of a territorial g o v e r n m e n t o v e r t h e In- an error, it is a n error w h i c h l e a n s t o v i r t u e ' s
b e g a n a n a s c e n t of t h e ineline. U n h e e d e d d i a n t e r r i t o r y . t o be e x c l u s i v e l y for t h e w h i t e side—an error in f a v o r of t h e poor, toiling,
still a s their c o m b i n a t i o n broke under the g r c a t men. I t c o v e r s e v e r y f o o t of t h e t e r r i t o r y suffering m a s s e s . I t is idle t o a t t e m p t t o w h i s t l e
w e i g h t hud upon it, a n d a r e t r o g a d e s w e p t w h i c h half a c e n t u r y a g o w a s s o l e m n l y dedi- it d o w n t h e w i n d or t o crush it by t h e s t å l e
t h e m s w i f t l y back a g a in into t h e l o w e r p a r t s . c a t e d t o t h e e x c l u s i v e a n d p e r m a n e n t p o s s e s - a r t s of t y r a n n y w h i e h e v e n p r o v e d t o o o l d in
B u t loud a n d thrilling t h e c r y still r a n g o u t sion of t h e Indians. It is t o be b o u n d e d b y t h e far-off t i m e of G a l i l e o . I t d e m a n d s , n o t
a b o v e t h e m u t t e r i n g s of despair- t h a t a r o s e A r k a n s a s a n d Missouri on t h e e a s t , b y T e x a s t h e rack, or the t h u m b s c r e w , or t h e tieposif r o m t h e l o w e r p a r t s , a n d h i g h al>ove t h e hal- on t h e south, b y T e x a s a n d N e w M e x i c o on tion of i n t e l l e c t u a l , 1 a r g e h e a r t e d a n d c o n l e l u j a h s of t h e c o n g r e g a t i o n s t h a t s w c l l e d t h e w e s t , a u d b y K a u s a s a n d C o l o r a d o on t h e scientious priests w h o c a n n o t be c o n i i n e d
u p w a r d a s t h e s h o w e r s of g i f t s fell o u t of t h e north. N o Indian is t o h a v e a v o i c e or a v o t e within t h e nttrrow b o u n d a r i e s of s a c e r d o t a l
v a n t a g e g r o u n d . " F o r y o u r l i v e s ! For y o u r in its g o v e r n m e n t , unless, perhaps, he will a n d s e c t a r i a n routine, b u t a c a n d i d e x a m i n a l i v e s ! Seize t h e opportunities a u d r e s t o r e t h e conseut t o a b a n d o n his triN?, his kith a n d kin, tion a n d a full, e l a h o r a t e a n d e x h a u s t i v e d i s equiiibrium of t h e g a r d e n !"
a n d all the institutions u n d e r w h i c h he a n d his cussion. H o w m u c h lx.'tter w o u l d it h a v e
S t e a d i l y t h e l o w e r p a r t s cont inue t o s i n k ; a n c e s t o r s h a v e l i v e d for a g e s . T h e bill pro- been for t h e r e p u t a t i o n of Archbisliop Corrih i g h e r a u d higher still rises t h e v a n t a g e v i d e s for b u y i n g out the tribal t i t i e s to all the g a n , both n o w a n d h e r e a f t e r , if, i n s t e a d of
ground.
A c a t a s t r o p h e is imminent! Will hinds nut a c t u a l l y l i v e d u p o n b y t h e I n - q u o t i n g t h e o p i n k m of P o p e L e o X I I I . w i t h
t h e c r y of t h e r e a s o n e r n o w be r e g a r d e d , or dians, a n d a s s u m e s if it d o e s not a c t u a l l y pr<5- w i t h r e f e r e n c e t o t h e o r i e s a n d p r a c t i c c s
will c o n g r e g a t i o n s persist in s t u l t i f y i n g t h e v i d e for t h e subtlivisjon of the r e m a i n i n g I n - w h i c h w e r e u t t e r l y f o r e i g n t o t h e s u b j e c t he
g o l d e n l a w , a n d t u m u l t r e i g n in t h e l o w e r d i a n l a n d s in s e v e r a l t y . This territorj' is t o h a d in h a n d , a n d w h i c h a r e a s a b h o r r e n t t o
p a r t s until t h e o c c u p a n t s of t h e g a r d e n g o be adtnittcd into t h e U n i o n a s a S t a t e . It will Mr. G e o r g e a n d t o Dr. M c G l y n n a s t h e y a r e
b e a d l o n g into d e s t r u e t i o n i
t h e n m a k e w h a t l a w s m a y be desired by the t o himself, he h a d e n t e r e d t h e field a s a n
Hark!
A n o t h e r v o i c e t a k e s u p t h e cry.
people in r e g a r d t o l a n d tities. If n e e e s s a r y , h o n e s t a n d i n t e l l i g e n t d i s p u t a n t , a n d s h o w n ,
A n d a n o t h e r ! A n d still a n o t h e r ! " Seize t h e the l i u l i a n s c a n e a s i i y be m d u c e d t o t a k e their if he c«>uld, the f a l l a c y of t h e a r g u m e n t set
o p p o r t u n i t i e s ! Seize t h e o p p o r t u n i t i e s ! " Tlie l a n d s in s e v e r a l t y , a n d then, i n e x p e r i e n c e d in forth in t h a t g r e a t w o r k w h i e h h a s a s t o n i s h e d
c r y g r o w s i n t o a c h o r u s , a u d c o n g r e g a t i o n s a r e t h e m n u a g o m e m of business, t h e y wili bo the a n d electrilk-d t h e w o r l d uf m o d e m l i i o u g h t ,
s t a m p e d i n g . The l o w e r p a r t s join in the cry ; e a s y prey of the sharp a u d unscrupulous w h i t e " P r o g r e s s a n d P o v e r t y . "
a n d herc a n d t h e r e a n d e v e r y w h e r e m e n are m e n a r o u n d ihein.
running t o l a y h o l d of t h e opportunities. A h ,
The other a e t p e n d i n g in C o n g r e s s , w h i c h
W h a t e v e r m a y be t h e r e s u l t of t h e netion of
t h e y a r e sei/.ed a t last: The l o w e r p a r t s a r e h a s p a s s e d in t h e s e n a t e , p r o v i d e s specilieally
rising! T h e equiiibrium of t h e g a r d e n is rc- for t h e division of t h e tribal l a n d s amor.g t h e t h e archbishop, t h e t h e o r i e s s o a bly pros t o r e d , a n d a n e w a n d e x u l t a n t shout pours individual m e m b e r s . But, s t r a n g e t o s a y , it is j x n m d e d in this book will a s s u r c d l y b-e t e s t e d .
fort.h from e v e r y t h r o a t a s t h e w h o l e g a r d e n
not t o be a p p l i e d t o t h o s e tribes w h i c h a r e The m a g n i t u d e of t h e e v i l s under which l a r g e
rises h i g h e r a n d higher a m o n g t h e g o l d e n
^nost civilized a n d m o s t c o m p e t e n t t o m a n a g e bodies of the p e o p l e in e v e r y c o u n t r y labor is
fruit, t h e d e l e e t a b l e o t f e r i n g s a n d the fair a n d
thcir a ff a irs. The C h e r o k e e s , Crceks, Choc- a p p a r e n t , a n d t h e n s t o u n d i n g p h e n o m e n o n
b u d d i u g promises. " L o n g live the r e a s o n e r ! "
t a w s , C h i c k a s a w s , Seminole:-., O s a g e s , Miamis, s t a r e s us in the f a c e t h a t t h e s e e v i l s are not
F. F. W I L L I A M S .
Peorias, S a c s a n d F«».\es, and S c n e c a s , a r e o n l y not les>.ened, but a r e a c t u a l l y i n e r c a s e d
c x e m p t e d t r o m the l a w of s e v e r a l t y tities, a s the f a d l i l i e s f o r labor a n d ull the w o n d e r f u l
h n p v o v e m e n t s of our m o d e r n eivilization a r e
while the w i l d tribes, w h o h a v e n o i d e a of
multiplied.
The r e m e d y p r o p e s e d m i g h t n o t
O n e A ri lnr PrortuerH Wirli Iliot <»wn H a n d s w h a t a title t o a t r a c i of land signifies ; w h o
h a v e no c o n c e p t i o n of the m e a n i n g of d e e d s , prove- a s eflicient a s i t s a d v o e u t e s ima^iue,
$3,000.IM>O o f 1 ' l c t u n * .
of
mort g a g e s , a n d liens, are t o be a t o n c e sub- but it is so e m i n e n t l y just, a n d c o m u i e n u s
I t is a p r e v a l e n t notion a m o n g o r d i n a r y m e n
j
e
c
t e d t o t h e s e a r r a n g e m e n t s . C a n a n y o n e itself so s t r o i i g l y t o t h e commi>n s e n s e of m a n of uffa irs t h a t a r t i s t s a r e not w e a l t h j^rob
e
l
i e v e t h a i i his bill is in the i n t c r e s t of the kind. t h a t it will u n d o u b t e d l y be a d o p t e d .
dueers. liv m a n y the " kniglit of the pa lirt t e "
liantl is n e r e a t i o n a n d a gift. of G o d n e e e s l
u
d
ians'
o r " c h i s e l " will be catak>gued with bu sy
s a r y t o t h e m a i n t e n a n c e of h u m a n life, a n d
The
connnissioner
of
Indian
afTairs,
it
is
kilers, dawdlinji trillers or v i s i o n a r y drcanic
a n no m o r e be propcvly m a d e a subject o'i
ers. A n d a l t h o u g h t h e m<>re lilvral of these true, insist.s slivnut:us|y upon tlie ayipheation
m
o n o p o l y t h a n w a t e r , or air, or light. T h e
w o u l d - b e m o n o p o l i s t s of the title " practieal " of the s e v e r a l t y priiu^iilc t o the e l a s s e s
might. a d m i t t h a t t h e preseiiee of paiuters and or tribes w h i c h a r e e x e m p i e d from its o w n e r s h i p of human beings w a s until r e e e n t l y
s c u l p t o r s need not l»e liarmful to a c o m m u n i t y opcration !>y t h e .-euale bill. His g r e a t fea r is lYi.-.ardcd a s a natural right, ar.d, e v e n in
Ihat thi: m a s s e s of the civilized tribes will be this c o u n t r y ,
millions
of
dollars
were
whieh is rii-h e n o u g h t o atTord thcir support,
e
h
e
u
t
e
d
o
u
t
of
the
usufruet
of
tlviil
a
n
d
s
by
i
n
v
o
s
i
e
d
therein
a
s
p
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
.
]>ut
the
still, t h e y v, iil d e n y t h a t their [>rodur't ions a r e
their
rich
Indian
bret.hreu,
and
bis
r
e
m
e
d
y
j
c
l
a
i
m
w
a
s
o
n
l
y
a
"
w
i
l
d
a
n
d
g
i
a
lty
of a n y v a l n e t o t f i e stork of p e n e r a l w e a l t h .
a
g
a
i
n
s
t
this
a
p
p
r
e
h
e
u
d
e
d
e
v
i
l
is
t«»
g
i
v
o
to
j
p
h
a
n
t
a
s
y
,
"
and.
t
h
o
u
g
h
d
o
t
h
e
i
l
with
t
he
A n a p p e a l t o f a c t s will r e v e r s e this uujust
w
h
i
l
e
men
an
cqtial
«•hance
l
o
e
h
e
a
i
tb.ein.
In
sanetion
of
ecr.turies
a
n
d
s
u
s
t
a
i
n
e
d
by
v e r d i e t , l^ook a t I t a l y a t t h e present d a v.
D o e s not h«É- w e a l t h eonsist l a r g e l y of a r t his last annual re]>ort. he s t a t e s t h a t " t h e rich i n e a l c u l a b l e interc^ts it. fell before t h e
Imlians, w h o e u l t i v a t e tribal lands, j>ay no j irresistible a r t i l l e r y of t r u t h in iire a n d bhiod.
t r e a s u r c s ? D e s t r o y her superb iuherit-ance of
t h e e r e a t i o n s of bra in a n d h a u d s of :•. fen- hun- rent t o t h e p«>orer a u d m o r e u n f o r t u u a t e of T h e t i m e h a s e v i d e n t l y c o m e for t h e s e t t l e ilieir r a c e . a l t h o u g h t h e y a i e equal o w n e r s of m e n t of the question in r e l a i i o n t-o the o w n e r d r e d a r t i s t s a n d she w o u l d be jKxn* iudeeil!
i,he soil. H i s proposition, like ihat of the sen- ship of land.
The m u t mal distribut-ion of
a
t e bill, is t o d i v i d e the l a n d s into ICO-ucre w e a l t h is at-traeting u n i v e r s a l a t t e n t i o n .
In t h e s e v e n t e e i i i h ecut.ury t h e N e t h e r l a n d s
g a v e birtli t<i a s c o r e of paiuters. The pict-ures tr*t't. s a m o n g the m e m b e r s of the iribes. H e T h e r e is a m a r k e d d i s s a t i s f n e t k m a n d r e s t ; w h i c h t h e y h a v e lefl- t h e w o r l d , if ulfered lor s t a t e s llu.t t h e poor l u d i a n s are e m p h i y e d a s l c s s n e s s a m o n g the iaboring e l a s s e s , a n d
s a l e to-iiay, w o u l d c o m m a n d g o i d e n o u g h t o j la borers by. thcir rich h e i g h b o r s at, $H> j)er e v e r y w h e r e t h e y a r e eoinbining in l e a g u e s
f r e e our cii-y from its e u o r m o u s public debt. | mouth, i u s t e a d o( s e t t l i n g d o w n a s farmers. a n d o r g a n i z a t i o n s of different n a m e s t o a s s e r t
Dtiring t h e l a s t t w e n t y y e a r s m a n y miilioiis of I t .xeems not t o h a v e o c e u r r e d to t h e h e a d of a n d m a i n t a i n their rights. This c o m b i n a t i o n
our tloilars h a v e ?>een s e n t t o Fra n e e t o pur- t h e Indian bureau t h a t a poor Indian h a s t h e is all t h a t is r e q u i r c d t o insure thcir triumph.
c h a s c pictures. W h o h a v e t h e y in h a p p y F r a n e e s a m e r i g h t . t o t a k e a f a r m on the tribal hinds
llKXtiY A . IlAKTT.
t o wovU this m a g i c sj)eU o v e r the p o c k e t s of a s a rich one, a u d t h a t t h e trilsi, or if n o t the.
T!'e Lund C{nestiou in C o i o r a t l p .
our c o l d , practical business m e n i! A little tribe, then t h e I n d i a n bureau, w o u h l s e e t o it
G R A N D . T r x c r i o x , Col.—T^asfc spring 1 deb a n d of paiuters, in number not suflicient t o t h a t h e h a s his rights.
f
e
u d e d , before t h e K n i g h t s of L a b o r , t h e
A n d a g i u n , tlie heavl of the bureau s c e m s
m a n a fsiir-. c ized e o t t o n mill. L e t us s e l e c t
jiroposition
to p l a c e all t a x a t i o n for r e v e n u e
o n e of t h e m for e x a m p l e : A t a m o d e s t esti- not to h a v e j e t l c c t e d t h a t if neither the tribe
on
land.
S
o
m e mont hs a f t e r w a r d . in defen.se
m a t e t h e m a r k e t v a l n e of the p i c t u r e s s e n t nor t h e bureau h a s t h e p o w e r or the authi.-rity
<ii'
this
idea,
I w.ts e i e c t e d m a y o r of this t o w n ,
a u n u a l l y f r o m t h e e a s e l of t h e fumous Meis- t o p r o t e c t the p o o r l u d i a n s u n d e r c x i s t i n g
a
u
d
l
a
t
e
r
an
"Industrial club" wasorgani/.cd,
s< nier could be placeil a t $100,<XM). H e h a s circumsUvnces, t h e y will be c q u a l l y p o w e r i e s s
t
h
e
m
e
m
b
e
r
s
oi w h i c h s u p p o r t this prineiple.
p a i u t e d for m o r e t h a n t h i r t y y e a r s . H e r c w e or equal ly wauting" iu will b> p r o t e c t him
The
club
h
a
s
a
r
o u s e d a t r e m e n d o u s ojmosition,
h a v e t h e c a s e of o n e individual of a p r o f e s - w h e n h o l d i n g his sharc of t h e l a u d in s e v e r F u r t h e r m o r e , so l o n g a s t h e l a n d is w h i c h s c e m s t o c o m e f r e m all e l a s s e s , a n d I
sion w h o , b y his o w n h a n d s , u n a i d c d bj T a s - a l t y .
h a v e a l m o s t Ix^gun t o think t h a t it is u s e l e s s
sistauts, lias c r e a t c d w e a l t h t o t h e a m o u n t of h e k l j o i n t l y b y t h e tribe, it is hn[K)Ssible t o difor
u s o n t h e f rentier t o m a k e m u c h of a n eft h r c e million d o l l a r s . I n t h e w h o l e list of v e s t t h e p»'»or I n d i a n of his rigl:is. B u t w h e n
f
o
r
t
until t h e c e n t e r s of t h o u g h t a n d inw e a l t h - p r o d u c e r s , w h e r e c a n w e lind a par- he b c c o m e s the sole p o s s c s s o r of 100 a c r e s , !ie
d
u
s
t
r
y iirst m o v e . T w o y c a r s a g o , b e f o r e m y
m a y a l i e n a j e il. It is t r u e t h a t t h e s e n a t e bill
allel i
a
c
c
c
p
t a n c e of y o u r d o c t r i n e s , 1 w a s a m e m b e r
I s it t h e n t o o m u c h t o c l a i m for t h e a r t i s t a p r o p o s e s , aiul t h e cemmissiuiier s u g g e s t s t h a t
of
t
h
e litth ' g e n e r a l a s s e m b l y of t h i s S t a t e
f o r e m o s t p l a c e in t h e r a n k s of t h e w o r l d ' s t h e s e v e r a l t y t i t i e s be m a d e inalienablc for
(
e
i
e
c
t
e
d o n t h e K c p u b l i c a n ticket), a u d w a s
workers? A n d m a y w c not expect that the twenty-five years. But there are m a n y legal
c
h
a
i
r
m
a n of t h e h o u s e c o m m i t t e e on iinance.
artist, b a t i n g , a s h e d o e s , t h e c o n s t r a i n t s of e x p e d i e i i t s for a v o i d i u g s u c h o b s t a c l e s .
I
a
m
,
therefore, well enough acquainted
T h e bill p r o v i d e s , a n d t h e c o m m i s s i o n e r
conventionality, loviug trutn a n d her path
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
o
u t t h e S t a t e t o k n o w t h a t g r e a t int h a t l e a d s t o b c a u t y , u n t r a m m c l e d b y d o g m a r e c o m m e n d s , t h a t t h e surplus l a n d s , a f t e r
t
c
r
e
s
t
i
s
b
e i n g t a k e n in t h i s question, a n ino r t r a d i t i o n , u n p r e j u d i c e d in his inquiry a f t e r e a c h I u d i a n shall h a v e his 100 a c r e s a s s i g n e d
t
e
r
e
s
t
l
a
r
g e l y o c c a s i o n e d b y Mr. G e o r g e ' s
t h e j u s t , t r a i n c d in t h e s t u d y of c a u s e a n d him, b e s o l d t o w h i t e m e n . I n s o m e of t h e
r
e
c
e
u
t
c
a
u
d i d a c y in N e w York.
effect, n o t h a u n t c d b y t h e l e a r of p e r s o n a l tribes, a s t h e c o m m i s s i o n e r s h o w s , t h e surplus
J A M E S W. BUCKLQT.
l o s s n o r s p u r r e d b y t h e m e a a m o t i v e of per- w o u l d be t w o t o four t i m e s a s l a r g e a s t h e all
o
t
t
e
d
l
a
n
d
s
.
I
t
will
f
o
l
l
o
w
,
t
h
e
r
e
f
o
r
e
,
t
h
a
t
s o n a l g a i n , w i l l be a m o n g t h e first t o f e e l a n d
A M i s s i o n a r y i n tlie M o n n t a i n s .
r e s p o n d t o t h e g r e a t m o v e m e n t n o w b e g i n - e a c h I n d i a n f a r m e r o f t h o s e tribes w i l l h u v e
CA5T0, M e n d o c i n o C o u n t y , Cal.—I h a v e n o t
n i n g f o r t h e n a t i o n a l i z a t i o n of l a u d a n d t h e t w o t o four w h i t e n e i g h b o r s . T h e s e w h i t e
y
e
t f o u n d t h e m a n w h o h a d t h e ternerity t o
n e i g h l x w s will m a k e t h e l a w s b y w h i c h t h e
e n f r a n c h i s e m e n t of labor i
I n d i a n w i l l b e g o v e r n e d , b u t in t h e m a k i n g of d e n y t h e t w o propositious t h a t all m e n h a v e
L. E . Wir.stAUTH
w h i c h he will h a v e n o v o i c e .
an e q u a l r i g h t t o t h e m a t e r i a l s a n d f o r c e s of
<<'o\ e m m e n t . t l o a e y .
The c o m m i s s i o n e r s t a t e s t h a t e v e n n o w nature, a n d t h a t e v e r y m a n h a s a r i g h t t o all
OSCEOLA, la.—I want to make a fcw suggest h e r e a r e rich l u d i a n s w h o e u l t i v a t e a t h o u - he p r o d u e c s b y his o w n labor. I a m a c o m tions.
T h e g o v e r u m e u t s h o u l d issue l e g a l
s a u d a c r e s of t h e tribal lunds, a n d c l a i m a n d m o n laborer a n d a m w o r k i n g on a s h e e p r a n g e
t e n d e r m o n e y a n d l e n d it d i r e e t l y t o the p e o - f e u e e in a quart er of a m i l e a l l a r o u n d t h e w a y u p in t h e m o u n t a i n s of M e u d o c i u o . I
p l e on g o o d s e c u r i t y . T o issue m o n e y o n l y t o t h o u s a n d a c r e s for p a s t u r a g e . This a r r a n g e - a m n o t t h e o n l y s u p p o r t e r y o u h a v e here,
T h e h o w e v e r , t h a n k s t o a c o p y of " P r o g r e s s a n d
bankerjj a t o u e p e r c e n t . , for t h e m t o l e n d t o m e n t g i v e s t h e m a t h o u s a n d m o r e .
t h e p e o p l e a t f r o m s i x t o t w c l v e p e r cent. c a p s m o n o p o l y is t o l e r a t c d b y t h e tribal g o v e r n - P o v e r t y , " w h i c h I h a v e i n d u s t r i o u s l y c i r c u t h e c l i m a x of a l l t h e r a s c a l i t i e s e v e r t o l e r a t e d m e n t a u d b y t h e I n d i a n bureau. I t d e v o l v e s l a t e d . 1 shall d o m y b e s t t o o b t a i n subscripu p o n t h e c o m m i s s i o n e r , t h e r e f o r e , t o s h o w tiona W T H S SUJBDiaSBb
b y a confiding people.
Jvsfui ATBML
MONEY VALUE OF ART PRODUCTS.
\
THE PACIFIC C0ÅST.
JUCGE HAGUiRE OF SAN FRANCISCO ON
CALIFORNIA LAND TENURE.
H a l f o f rhe S t a t e ( h m r d by F i v e H n u d r e d
Bien— Wilh b u t a I t l i l l i o n I n h n b i l a n t » , a n d
a n A r e a O n e - T h i r i l Ijiirjrer T h a n I t a l y ,
t h e S t a t e i*« O v c r p o p n l a i e d .
SAN* F R A X C I P C O , D e c . 33.—With an a b i d i r g
f aith in t h e u l t i m a t e triumph of natural justice,
I hail T U E STA:rDAK« a s t h e h e r a l d of a n e w
a n d b e t t e r era. A f e w m o r e b r a v e b a t t l e s , a
f c w m o r e saerifices, a n d t h e s h a c k l e s w i l l f a l l
from t h e limbs of t h e toilirig xaillions. T h e
hcirs t o Crod'o b o u n t y will c l a i m their h e r i t a g e ,
a n d p c a c e a n d p l e n t y w i l l How t o l a b o r a s ifcs
natural r c w a r d .
T h e l a n d mifc-t be r c s t o r c d a n d p r e s e r v e d t o
t h e p e o p i e , or i r e e d e m a n d h a p p i n e s s m u s i
soijn perish frtan our glurious l a n d .
The preseuc c o u d i t i o n uf i a n d t e n u r e in California f o r m s a d a r k c h a p t e r , for l a u d m o n o p o l y is t h e one g r e a t d r a w b a c k of our G o l d e n
S t a t e . li is p e c u l i a r l y sa<l t h a t a l a n d s o sup r e m c l y b l e s s c d by t h e Creat-or s h o u l d b e
b l i g h i e d ::iitl e u r s e d by a n institution f o s t e r e d
by l a w s of p o p u i a r e n a c t m e n t .
W e h a v e a population of a b o u t o n e million
inhabitants, an a r e a of m o r e t h a n o n e h u n d r e d
million a c r e s , one-half of w h i c h is t h e p r i v a t e
p r o p e r t y of l i v e hundred m e n , a c c o r d i u g t o
tite s t a l e m c i u of Jfr. S t e p h e n G a g e , p r e s i d e n t
of the S o u t h e r n P a c i l i c K a i l r o a d c o m p a n y ,
w h o s e facilities f o r o b t a i r c n g e x a c t i n f o r m a tion u]>on the s u b j e c t a r e g o o d , a u d a t Jcast a s
t r u s t w u r t h y a s a n y in t h e S t a t e .
Of t h e s e lands l a r g e t r u e t s a r e h e l d b y t h e
r a i l r o a d c o m p a n i c s for s p e e u l a t i v e purposes.
T h e y a r e kep-t free from t a x a t i o n b y allowinor
t h e a p p a r e n t tit Le t o remain in t h e f e d e r a l
g o v e r n m e n t imlii s a l e s are effect cd upc-n s a t i s fact*-ry terms, b o u d s b-eiug t h e u g i v e n f o r
deeds.
P a t e n t s a r e procurcd o n l y for such l a n d s a s
h a v e b e e n sold, a n d in the h a n d s of t h e o c c u p y i n g b w n e r s tiiey ilrst b e e o m e s u b j e c t t o t a x ation.
Of p r i v a t e l a n d l o r d s , o n e firm of c a t t l e
d c a l e r s (Miller & Lux") o w n m o r e t h a n a m i l lion a c r e s , m o s t of w h i c h i s ara bie. a n d a l l of
w h i c h is v e r y vuluuble. T h e y use it for p a s ture, p a y i n g muniual t a x e s , h o p i n g s o o n
t o realize fabulous w e a l t h by s e i l i n g or l e a s i n g
t o the p e o p l e , for v h o n v it w a s c r e a t e d , t h e
p r i v i l e g c of maki ner hornes upon it.
I t is said t h a t t h i s lirm c a n d r i v e a h e r d o f
c a t t l e from F o r t Y m n a t o S a n F r a n c i s c o
(aboul WL) miles), c a m p i n g e v e r y n i g h t o n tlieir
o w n land.
H o w e v e r t h a t m n y be, it is c e r t a i n that, h a n d r e d s of A m e r i c a n fiimiiies h a v e s e a r c h e d
o v e r t h e s a m e roiites t h r o u g h m i l l i o n s of acre»
of unfcnceil a n d u n c t l l i v a t e d f a r m i a g lund
w i t h o u t being a b i e t o s e c u r e a p l a c e l a r g e
e n o u g h for a m o d e s t home, e x c e p t b y mort»
gaginui their l i v e s t o s o m e h u m a n v a m p i r e f o r
the p r i v i l e g c .
A few w e e k s a g o I had occasion to hold
court i:-. San Luis < tbispo c o u n t y , a n d r e t u r n ing, p a s s e d t h r o u g h t h e bcautiful S a n t a M a r g a r i t a ranclni, a m a g u i t i c e n t v a l l e y , c o n t a i n ing 51,000 a c r e s of t h e li nest, d e e p e s t , r i c h e s t
a n d liest w a t e r e d soil on t h e f a c e of the e a r t h .
It is the p r i v a t e p r o p e r t y of o n e m a n . I t ia
is c a p a b l e of supij-orting in c o m f o r t 2,000 families a t least. I t is n o w a c a t t l e r a n g e . T h e r e
is o n e f a r m h o u s e upon it a n d o n e s t a g e s t a t i o n .
W h i l e t r a v e l i n g t h r o u g h this g r e a t w e a l t h o f
natural r e s o m v e s w e m e t four e m i g r a n t f a m i lies l o o k i n g f o r hornes.
The women, b r a v e
s p e c i m o n s of " t h e noble m o t h e r s of t h e west,'*
w e r e w o r n a n d h å r g a r d a n d sick a t h e a r t f r o m
h o p e d e f e r r c d ; the chiidren w e r e b a r c f o o l e d sunburnt a n d r a g g e d . T h e y w e r e s e a r c h i n g
for l a n d . The best l a n d iu t h e w o r l d w a s l y ing*
all around t h e m unused, w a i t i n g for t i l l a g e .
But h u m a n l a w s h a d d e p r i v e d t h e m of their
natural, G o d - g i v e n r i g h t to use it. F o o t s o r e ,
w c a r y a n d despairin*:, t h e y w e r e c c m p e l l e d
to t r a v e l on, d o u h t l e s s rinding e v e r y w h e r e
t h a t speeulaN^rs w i t h siqxrrior f a c i i i t i c s h a d
preceded them.
L e a v i n g t h e S a n t a M a r g a ri t a w e t r a v e l e d
t h r o u g h a succession of rich a n d fertile v a l leys, v a r y i n g in w i d f h from t h r e e t o t h i r t y
m i l e s for a d i s t a n c e of s e v e n t y m i l e s , a l l of
w h i c h , e x c e p t a f e w h a n d r e d a c r e s , is t h e priv a t e p r o p e r t y of s e v e n s p e c u l a t o r s , w h o h a v a
not e v e n f e u e e d half of it, w h i l e f a m i l i e s w h o
w o u l d g l : s ; l y m a k e true A m e r i c a n hornes o n
twcnty-«»'!v t r a d s of t h e v a l l e y land, a r e
scraiiibling a n d o v e n i i g h t i n g for t h e possession of s t e e p ;;nd i v c k y r i d g e s iu far l e s s cligiblc p l a c c s iu t h e s a m e vicinit.y.
T h e s e ure but e x a m p l e s , a n d m o d e r a t e e x a m | å e s , of t h e i»ifamous c o n d i t i o n s e x i s t i n g
h e r e — c o n d i t i o n s w h i e h lu»ve f o r c e d upon u s ,
w i t h a popula tion of o n l y o n e million inhabit a n t s , all the h o r r o r s 6f o v e r - p o p u l a t i o n ,
w h i l e I t a l y , for e x a m p l e , with o n l y a little
m o r e t h a n t v o - t h i r d s of t h e u e r e n g e of our
S t a t e , s u p p o r t s t h i i l y m i l l i o n s of p e o p l e .
M e n like t h e e m i g r a n t s of w hom I h a v e
s p e k e n , f o r c e d in t h e i r h d p l f s s d e s p a i r t o
a b a n d o n their families, h a v e drift e d o u t u p o n
the roa d s in s e a r e h n' work'. S p u r n e d , rebuked, bulTd-ed, t h e y h a v e tiually a l m n d o u e d
hope a n d sunk s l o w l y , but sure*y, ie.lo t h a t
intlescribable c o u d i t i o n of lweutal, m o r a l a n d
physical «legnidat.ion whieh is best expre^scd
by t h e t e r m " t r a m p . 1 ' The«e w r e t e h c d c r e a l u r e s , w h o u n d e r natural c o n d i t i o n s w o u l d
n e a r l y all h a v e been useful m e n , n o w svvarm
upon t h e high w a y s a n d inf e s t t h e t o w n s of
e v e r y c o u n t y in our S t a t e .
In Ala m e d a , a s e e o w l - d a s s c o u n t y , d u r i n g
six m o n t h s of t h e y e a r 1>'S"» orer fovr
hundrett
tramps
w e r e c u n v i c t o d a n d Jumrisoned f o r
vagrancy.
S u c h a r e t h e fru its of o u r p r e s e n t s y s t e m o f
p r i v a t e p n - p e r u * iu |J;:HI, by w h i c h a f e w hund r e d m e u a r e cti:d>h»d t o o w n a n d h o l d t h e
natural opportun-tir^ of millions. A s t h e n a t ural a u d neec.ssary r e s u l t uf thi*; g r e a t c u r s e
w c m a y t r u l y s a y w i t h Gtddsmith :
Our ctiMiiiry tlooms,;. jrnnlfn an>i <- tnnve.
JAS. G. ilcGciRB.
iIooiiiin*< l . a n d iu v;;iliiorn«a.
From a Letter in lin: B«-*.t.>ri Jmir.nal.
The last c r a z c of the S a n t a B a r b a r a p e o p l e
is t h e b o o m i n g of t h e pricc of land. C i t y l o t s
w h i c h c o u l d not be g i v e n a w a y a f e w y e a r s
a g o n o w c o m m a n d from SLiXX) w $ lo, 000, a n d
t h e price is still olimbing u p w a r d a n d e v e r y o n e is b u y i n g a n d seiling, a n d e v e r y o n e i s
c r a z y t o g e t a n d c a r r y all t h a t he c a n . I s
t h - r e a n y o c c a s i o n for it ? N o t t h e s l i g h t e s t .
T h e r e is l a n d e n o u g h from t h e foot-iulls t o t h e
w a t e r t o l o e a t e five million p e o p l e , a n d t h e n
h a v e room to house a s m a n y more a n d g i v e
e a c h o u e a l a r g e p l o t of g r o u n d .
The IjaudiordV 1'rajcr.
L o r d , k e e p us rich a n d f r e e f r o m taik
For we
A r e h o n o r e d h o l d e r s o f T h y soil,
W h i c h d e m o e r a t s w o u i d n o w despoil
With giee.
O ! L o r d , our l u t h e r s got- t h e l a n d
F o r s e r v M c those w h o i n T h y r i g h t h a n d
H a d cli' en t o be g r c a t a n d g r a n d
.* s k i n g s .
Tho' ta*e i ; by force, w e ' r e not t o b l a m e ,
T h o u kno"-'st, O ! L o r d , it i s a t h u m e
T o s a y t o us— v f tit-1 e d u a m e ,
S u c h tliings.
L o r d , let u s l i v e in w e a l t h ' s c o n t e n ^
Aud pcace!
L o r d , w e areTby T h y m e r c y i ^ c a u t
T o r u l e m n n k i n d , a n d m a k e o u r rent
Inerease.
The birds t h a t h a u u t t h e m o o r s a n d hills,
T h e fish that- s w i m in s t r e a m s a n d riiis,
The b e a s l s t h a t r o a m a s N a t u r e w i i i s ,
We own;
E ' e a L o r d , t h e m i n e r a l s t h a t lie
B e n e a t h t h e e a r t i r s i^eriphery
B e i o n g t o u s ! Thou k n o w e s t w h y
«What a divnåtm of tne Inriien leid» ia eeveratty
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THE STANDARD, SATURDAY, JANUARY 8, 1887.
TERXS. POSTAOE FREE:
One year, 85.53; Six tuonths, $1.85.
•nt^redal Ihe post offi<x-, New York, as secood dam
•Mrttcr.
F\"
t-
SALIJTATOilY.
I b c g i n t h e p u b i i c a t i o n of t h i s p a p e r i n
nesponse to m a n y u r v e n t requcsts, a n d bec a u s e I b e l i e v e t h a t t h e r e is a Held for a
j o u r n a l t l i a t s h a l l s e i v e a s a foeus for
n e w s a n d opinions relatimr lo t h e jrreat
m o r e m e i i i , n o w b e g i n n i u g . . for t h e e m a n e i p a t i o n of laber 1 b y t h e r e s t o r a t i o n of n a t u r a l
rights.
T h e generation tliat abolished chattel
a l a v e r y i s p a s s i n g a w a y , a n d t h e politic a l d i s t i n c t i o n s t h a i g r e w o u t of t h a t
contest a r e becoming meaiiingless.
The
w o r k n o w b e f o r e u s is t h e abolitiori of i n dustrial s l a v e n .
W h a t G o d c r e a t e d for t l i e u s e of a l l
• h o u l d b e u t i l i z e d for i h e bencfit of a l l ;
w h a t ås p r o d u e e d b y t h e i n d i v i d u a l b e l o n g s
tsghtfully to t h e individual. T h e negleet
o l t i i e s e s i m p l e priociples has b r o u g h t u p o n
u s t h e c u r s e of w i d e - s p r e a d p o v e r t y a n d all
t h e e v i l s t h a t flow from it. T h e i r r e e o g n i t i o n
w i l l a b o l i s h p o v e r t y , will s e e r n e t o t h e h u m M e s t i n d e p c n d e u c e a n d leisure, a u d willlay
a b r o a d a n d s t r e n e f o u n d a t i o n o n w h i c h ull
o t b e r reforms inay be bascd.
To secure
H i e full r e e o g n i t i o n of t h e s e p r i n c i p l e s is t h e
m o s t important task to which a n y m a n can
a d d r e s s h i m s c l f t o - d a y . I t is i n t h e h o p e of
a i d i n g in t h i s w o r k t h a t I e s t a b l l s h Uiis
paper.
I b e l i e v e t h a t t h e D e c l a r a t i o n of I n d e p e n d e n c e is n o t a m e r e s t r i n g of g l i t t e r i n g
jpeneralities. I believe t h a t ali m e n a r e
leaily created equal, and t h a t the securing
o f t h o s e e q u a l n a t n r a l r i g h t s is t h e t r u e
purpose a n d test of g o v e r n m e n t .
And
against w h a t e v e r law, custom or deviee
t h a t r e s t r a i u s m e n i n t h e e x e r c i s e of t h e i r
n a t u r a ! r i g h t s t o life, l i b e r t y , a u d t h e p u r s u i t of h a p p i n c s s I s h a l l r a i s e m y voice.
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&
K?;,
C o n f i d e n t i n t l i e s t r e n g t h of t r u t h . I s h a l l
givc no quarter to abusos and ask none
f r o m t h e i r c h a m p i o n s . T h e political c o r ruption tliat s h a m e s our deuiocracy, t h e
false theories t h a t :issume tliat a nation's
p r o s p e r i t y lies i n s h u t t i n g itself i n f r o m
free
intercourse
with other
nations,
t h e s t u p i d iiscal s y s t e m t l i a t piles u p
h u n d r e å s of m i l l i o n s of d o l l a r s i n o u r
t r e a s u r y v a u l t s w h i l e \ve a r e p a y i n g
interest on a n cnormous
debt;
the
a p i n g of f o r e i g n n a t i o n s t h a t insists u p o n
a t a a d i u g arniies a n d navies modeled on
aristocratic p l a n s ; tlie judieial system
t h a t offers a, m o c k e r y of j u s t i c e o n o u e s i d e
a n d condones evil-doing on tlie o t h e r ; t h e
false philanthropy t h a t gives a
dole
w h i l e i t d e n i e s a r i g h t : t h e l i p - w o r s h i p of
a j u s t G o d a n d t h e h e a r t w o r s h i p of t h e
G o l d e n Calf—all these, a r e t o m y m i n d
of o n e c o n n e e t e d w h o l e w h o s e f o u n d a t a o n s a r e i n t h e d e n i a l of t l i e e q u a l
l i g h t s of m a n to t h e u s e of Nature*s
h o u n t y ; a n d in attaeking a n d exposi n g t l i e m a s o p j w i t u n i t y m a y offer, I
chall r e n d e r easier tlie exposure a n d abolit i o n of t h e g r e a t w r o n g from wliieh t h e y
primarily spring.
I shall endeavor to eonduct this paper
b y Hie
same
ruies
on
which
a
j u s t m a n would regulate his eonduct.
X «hall not wittingly g i v e c u r r e n c y to
m n u n t r u t h , a n d , if I i n a d v e r t e n t l y d o so,
will e n d e a v o r to repair t h e wrong. I shali
e n d e a v o r t o b e fair to opponents a n d t r u e
to f r i e n d s .
I d o not propose to m a k e
e v e r y t h i n g t h a t s h a l i ap]>ear h e r e s q u a r e
t o m y o w n t h e o r i e s , b u t will b e will>
ing to
givc
place
to
vie%vs w l i i e h
m a y differ f r o m m y o w n w h e n t h e y
a r e s o s t a t e d a s t o b e w o r t h y of c o n s i d e r afiou.
I h o p e to m a k e t h i s p a p e r t h e
w o r t h y e x p o n e n t a u d a d v o c a t e of t l i e g r e a t
p a r t y y e t u n n a r a e d t l i a t is n o w b e jginning t o form, b u t a t t h e s a m e t i m e t o
m a k e its contents so varied a n d interesting
a s i » i n s u r e for i t a g e n e r a l c i r e u l a t i o n .
I a s k for T H E STANDARD the active aid
o f a l l w h o w i s h t o s e e s u c h a p a j i e r firmly
cstabiished, a n d I t r u s t t h e y will not b e
satisfied w i t h o r d e r i n g tlie p a p e r t h e n i a e l v e s , h u t will t r y t o o b t a i n for i t o t h e r
aubscriptions or orders.
HEKCY
GEORGE.
rOLICE BRITAIJTV.
T h e World i s e x p o s i n g a s h o c k i n g p o l i c e
o v t r a g e . I t a p p e a r s t h a t Officer M c G i n l e y ,
o f C a p t a i n W:ishburn*s precinct, arrested
a respectal»le c o l o r e d w o m a n , M r s . F a n n y
BeUdzer, witliout cause, a n d w h e n she
lesisted a n d screamed struck her in the
f a c e w i t h nis club. T h e blow dislocated
b e r l o w e r j a w . I n this condition, a n d h e r
d o t h i n ^ s a l u r a t e d w i t h blood s h e w a s
b r o u g b t t o t h e station house, where, una b l e t o d i s d n c t l y a n s w e r questions, slie
w a s t h r u s t i n t o a celi a n d i n t l i e m o r n i n g
t å k e n hefore Police Justice G o r m a n . O n e
o f t l i e l i n e of u n i o r t u n a t e s g a t h e r e d i n
d u r i n g the night, she awaited her turn to
b e w i d e l y p u s h e d t o t h e pråsoners* r a l l b y
t h e policeman w h o arrested her.
plain how h e c a m e to maltreat a n y person,
d r u n k o r sober, in tlie condition Dr. F l e m t h i s w o m a n i n w h e n s h e left
t l i e c o u r t r o o m . A s t o t h e c l u b b i n g , circ u m s t a n c e s a r e a g a i n s t h i m ; a s t o h e r sobriety, tlie niost beastly intoxieation, e v e n
if h e r g o o d n a m e d i d n o t corrolwixite h e r
denial, would not excusehis biiital eonduct.
B u t if t h e oflicer's e o n d u c t wa.s b r u t a l ,
w h a t of t h e s e r g e a n t a t t h e d e s k , t h e c a p t a i n of t h e p r e c i n c t , a n d t h e j u s t i c e of t h e
.police couit•?• I s it possible t h a t t h e p r i s o n e r s injuries escapcd t h e s e r g e a n f s notice?
If t h e v did, h i s indifferencc a m o u n t e d t o
cioielty. I s i t possible t h a t C a p t a i n W a s h b u r n k n e w n o t l i i n g of
her condition?
T h c n h e owed it t o himsclf to prosecute t h e
officer a n d c o m p l a m of t h e s e r g e a n t . D i d
Police J u s t i c e G o r m a n r^ally suppose h e
h a d a c a s e of " d r u n k a u d d i s o r d e r l y " b e fore h i m ? H e h a d n o r i g h t t o s u p p o s e . I t
w a s h i s s w o r u d u t y t o k n o w a s well a s e v i d e n c e could in f o r m h i m . A l t h o u g h i t is c u s t o m a r y w i t h |iolice j u s t i c e s , i t w a s a m o r a l
c r i m e for h i m t o a c t u p o n t h e u n c o r r o b o r a t c d s t o r y of t h e p o l i c e m a n .
Mi"S. B e l k i z e r s c a s e is n o t e x c e p t i o n a l .
I t m a y be m o r e horrible t h a n others, and
t h e officer w a s u n l u c k y i n p i t c h i n g u p o n a
v i c t i m of g o o d r e p u t a t i o n w i t h w e a l t h y
friends. B u t b r u t a l i t y a m o n g p a t r o l m e n ,
i n d i l f c r e n c e of t h e i r s u p e r i o r s t o o u t r a g e
a n d s i u i e r i n g , a n d a farcical a d m i n i s t r a t i o n
of j u s t i c e i n police c o u r t s , h a v e b e c o r a c s o
c o m m o n a n d a t t r a c t e d so little a t t e n t i o n i n
t l i e c a s e s of t h e friendless, t h a t c a s e s l i k e
M r s . Belkizer*s a r e n c c e s s a r y t o b r i n g tiiese
otlicial offendei-s t o j u s t i c e .
OFFIC1AL. CONDESCEXSIOK.
W h e n s l a v e s w e r e s u d d e n l v freed a n d
m a d e citizens, c o n d e s c e n s i o n i n efforts t o
w n p r o v e t h e i r c o n d i t i o n w a s n o t o u t of
place; b u t h o w does it sound to h e a r t h e
g o v e r n o r of a s t i l t e t a l k i n g i n t h a t t o n e
a b o u t w o r k i n g m e n w h o w e r e b o m citizens—
a s G o v e r n o r Hill does in his message?
**lt s h o u l d b e our ai n i t o s t u d y t h e i r
w a n t s , " h e says, " t o rcspectfully a n d attentively listen t o t h e i r complaints, t o disp a s s i o n a t e l y d i s c u s s t h e i r p r o p o s e d pi-oj e c t s , a u d i n a k i n d l y s p i r i t t o intelligently distinguish between their real and
t h e i r fancied g r i e v a n c e s . " P r a y , g o v e r n o r ,
to w h o m do y o u allude w h e n y o u speak
of 4 < o u r a i m , " a n d w h o is i t t h a t is t o
a t t e n t i v e l y listen, d i s p a s s i o n a t e l y discuss,
a n d kindlv distinguish ? Is t h e r e in t r u t h a
g o v e r n i n g c l a s s , of w h i c h y o u a r e a g o o d natured representative, to w h o m m e n t h a t
work must present their grievances as an
h u m b l e s u b j o c t m i g h t k n e e l a t t h e foot of
a t h r o n e ? O r a r e t h e w o r k i n g m e n of t h e
s t a t e , w h o m y o u m a k e tlie o b j e c t s of y o u r
gracious condescension, citizens whose comm a n d s , when expressed in legal form, m u s t
beobeved?
"When y o u r e c o g n i z e t h a t w o r k i n g m e n
a r e d e m a n d i n g r i g h t s , a n d n o t b e g g i n g for
p r i v i l e g e s , y o u will b e a b l e t o d i s c u s s l a b o r
questions m o r e intelligently.
M K . W AK DEN W A L S H .
W H Y all this o u t c r y a g a i n s t " F a t t y "
W a l s h ? Maj T or G r a c e s a y s t h a t t h e S i x t h
w a r d s t a t e s m a n " is p r o b a b l y t h e m o s t r e p r e s e n t a t i v e m a n of t l i e S e c o n d a s s e m b l y
distTict.'' A g l a n e e a t t h e pfficial r e t u r n s
of t h e l a s t e l e c t i o n s h o w s t h a t t h e S e c o n d
a s s e m b l y d i s t r i c t e a s t 4,072 v o t e s for H e w i t t , 1,682 for G e o r g e , 879 for R o o s e v e l t , a n d
8 for W a r d w e l L W h e n i t c o m e s t o " s a v i n g s o c i e t y " , ' W a l s h ' s bailiwick p r o u d l y
c o m e s j t o t l i e fore a s t h e b a n n e r district.
" F a t t y " appears t o be a savior w h o saves.
I s s o c i e t y , n o w t h a t i t h a s b e e n s a v e d , for
t h e t i m e b e i n g , g o i n g t o s h o w itself u n gratefiU?
" F a t t y n W a l s h is t h e n a t u r a l p r o d u c t of
t h e c o n d i t i o n s l o n g e x i s t i n g i n o u r politics.
T h e s y s t e m b y wliieh m o n e y e d m e n exercise a b s o l u t e c o n t r o l n e c e s s i t a t e s s u c h m e n
a s W a l s h a n d h i s r i v a l , P a t Di v v e r . W e a l t h y
g a m b l e r s o n t h e stock e x e h a n g e a n d in t h e
f a r o b a n k s a n d b u s i n e s s m e n w o u l d n o t soil
tlieir h a n d s b y s u c h w o r k a s W a l s h a n d
Divver do. T h e v h a v e neither t h e t i m e nor
tlie inclination t o g e t their constituents o u t
of j a i l o r a t t e n d t o t h e i n t e r e s t s of t h e p u s h cart men.
T h e p o l i t i c i a n s w h o d o tliis
w o r k m u s t b e " t å k e n c a r e of " o r t h e y will
quit working, sincc no public interest
p r o m p t s t h e i r political a c t i v i t y .
Of coui-se t h e a t t e m p t t o s h o w t l i a t
" F a t t y " h a s refomied w a s a failure, a n d
P h a r i s e e s of t h e p r e s s a r e g r e a t l y s h o c k e d
t l i a t a n * 4 indictetl g a m b l e r ' h a s r e c e i v e d a n
i m p o r t a n t a p p o i n t m e n t ; b u t tliey w e r e
p e r f e c t l y c o n t e n t t o a c c e p t t h e s e n i c e s of
all t l i e g a m b l e r s a f e w m o n t h s a g o , t o
a s s i s t i n m a i n t a i u i n g t h e political s y s t e m
t h a t rests upon j u s t such activity a s W a l s h
displays.
These people h a v e no right to complain.
" F a t t y " W a l s h h a s b u t r e c e n t l y b e e n ina u g u r a t e d w a r d e n of t h e T o m b s . H e w a s
realiy appointed by t h e enthusiastic voters
w h o a c c e p t e d a c a n d i d a t e a t t h e h a n d s of
Groker a n d P o w e r a n d elecled h i m m a y o r
of N e w Y o r k .
H O W RAILROAD MILLION AIRES ARE
MADE.
T h e g e n e r a l r a i l r o a d a c t of N e w Y o r k w a s
e n a c t e d i n 1850, a n d h a s s e r ved a s a n i o d e l
** W h a t i s i t , officer i " a s k e d t h e j u d g e , a s for n e a r l y all t h e r a i l r o a d l e g i s l a t i o n of t h e
McGinley stepped u p t o t h e desk.
U n i t e d States. T h e eighty-tifth section prov i d e s t h a t " a t l e a s t one thousand
dollars
** D n u i k a n d d i s o r d e r l y , " w a s t h e r e p l y .
** W h a t h a v e y o u g o t t o s a y T t h e j u d g e of s t o c k for e v e r y m i l e of r a i l r o a d p r o p o s e d
i a q u i c e d of t h e w o m a n .
S h e could n o t to be m a d e m u s t be subscribed to t h e articles
a p e a k , a n d t l i e s i u u m a r y p r o c e e d i n g w a s of a s s o c i a t i o n , a n d ten per cent. paid
theredosed.
on i n g o o d f a i t h a n d i n c a s h t o t h e d i r e c t o r s
*»Ten dollars,'" s a i d t l i e j u d g e , a s t h e n a m e d i n t h e a r t i c l e s of a s s o c i a t i o n . "
prisoner w a s shoved a w a y to m a k e room
I t results, therefore, tliat all t h e actual
for anothcr.
cash required t o give a railroad company
S l i s . B e l k i z e r s h u s b a n d , u p o n p a y i n g t h e c o r p o r a t e v i t a l i t y i n t h i s s t a t e is a n a c t u a l
S n e , d i s o o v c r e d h o w b a d l y h i s w i f e w a s c a s h i n v e s t m e n t of one hundred
dollars
b u r t , a n d t o o k h e r to D r . F l e m m i n g , w h o per mile !
States tliat " her j a w lay on her breast,"
F u r n i s h c d w i t h cash or credit to this exa n d d e s c r i b e s h e r a s " a t e r r i b l e s i g h t t o t e n t of a f l l u e n c e , a b a n d of w o u l d - b e m i l a B c , ' B y h i s sidvice s h e w a s r c m o v o d t o l i o n a i r e s a r e t l i u s i n v e s t e d w i t h a l l t h e
M o u n t S i n a i h o s p i t a l , f r o m w l i i e h , a f t e r e n o r m o u s p o w e r g i v e n b y t h e l a w s of o u r
u n d e r g o i n g a * p a i n f u l o p e r a U o n , s h e w a s s t a t e t o t h e s e scini-publi< l i t e r p r i s e s .
d i s c h a r g e d eiglit d a y s later.
T h e y a r e n o w a t hb* «y t o e r e c t t l i e r e I t h a p p e n s t h a t M r s . B e l k i z e r a n d h e r u p o n a s t r u c t u r e of " m o r t g a g e b o n d s , "
h u s b a n d h a v e influentiai friends, a n d t h e " i n c o m e b o n d s , " " construction b o n d s "
policeman is tlireatened w i t h vigorous a n d " c a r trust securities," limited only b y
p r o s e c u t i o n . H e d e n i e s t h e d u b b i n g , a n d t h e e x t e n t of t h e i r c o m b i n e d r a p a c i t y !
\ .
Hf^i^éaing h i s c h a r g e of d n u i k e n n e s s .
W e c a n f o r m a n i d e a of t h e e x t e n t of t h e H
if
w e a u h t h u s Ulegitimately acqvairedthrough
tta J o n a V o f l a w fiÉa» ' A M a ^ i t e i t a M . a f
w:
'r^i^g&^^^Må^ÉiJki&fj
^.NArfin
s o m e figuixjs d e r i v e d f r o m t h e r e p o r t of t h e
r a i l r o a d c o m m i s s i o n e r s of N e w Y o r k for
188-5:
T h e t o t a l n u n i b e r of m i l e s of t r a c k b u i l t
a n d operated by railroads in N e w Y o r k
S t a t e w a s 18,820.
T h e i r t o t a l c a p i t a l s t o c k w a s $650,500,000.
A s a t t h i s t i m e t h e b o n d e d l n d e b t e d n e s s of
t h e s e r a i l r o a d s w a s $557,800,000, it is e v i dent that with a cash investment required
b y l a w of b u t $65,000,000, t h e p r o j e c t o r s of
t h e s e røads h a v e b e e n a b l e t o issue a n d
seil s e c u r i t i c s r e p r e s e n t i n g t w e l v e h u n d r e d
m i l l i o n s of d o l l a r s !
C a n we wonder t h a t the agricultural prod u c e r s of t h e E m p i r e S t a t e gix>an u n d e r
t h e w e i g h t ol* d i s c r i m i n a t i n g t r a n s p o r t a t i o n
chargés required to pay interest chargés
o n t h i s a c c u m u l a t i o n of c o r p o r a t e p l u n d e r ?
W i t h a n i n c r e a s e of r a i l r o a d d i v i d e n d s
e a c h recui r i n g y e a r b r i n g s t o t h e m o n l y a
s m a l l e r r e w a r d for t h e i r toil.
They are a t last beginning to t u r n with
e a g e r e y e s t o t h e i r i n d u s t r i a l b r e t h r e n of
t h e cities, a l s o v i c t i m s of m o n o p o l i e s . T h e
d a y of t h e i r u n i o n i n political c o - o p e r a t i o n
will m a r k a n e w d e p a r t u r e i n A m e r i c a n
politics.
PRACTICAI. POLITICS.
C a p t a i u M i c h a e l C r e g a n is a p r a c t i c a l
p o l i t i c i a n . A s e n g i n e e r of t h e R e p u b l i c a n
m a c h i n e of t h e S i x t e e n t h A s s c m b l 3 r d i s t r i c t
i n t h e c i t y of N e w Y o r k h e h a s d o n e s u c h
valuable work t h a t t h e Republicans send
h i m t o c o n v e n t ions a n d t h e D e m o c r a t s k e e p
h i m in a 1 i t e r a t i v e otlice. I l e is in e v e r y
r e s p e c t , s a v e o n e , a niodel " s a v i o r of society."
T h e e x c e p t i o n is h i s e n g a g i n g
frankness. This quality w a s couspicuously
d i s p l a y e d b y tlie c a p t a i n l a s t w e e k , w h e n h e
testified b e f o r e a c o m m i t t e e of h i s p a r t y
r e l a t i v e t o t h e c o n g r e s s i o u a l c a m p a i g n in
h i s district.
Allen Thorndike Rice w a s t h e Republican
c a n d i d a t e for c o n g r e s s a g a i n s t F r a n c i s B .
Spinola in t h e district lately represented by
M a y o r H e w i t t A l t h o u g h t h e district w a s
D e n i o c r a t i c b y o v e r 7,000 m a j o r i t y , M r .
R i c e c a m e w i t h i n less t h a n 500 v o t e s of
election, a n d i t w a s e v i d e n t t h a t h e w o i d d
h a v e d e f e a t e d S p i n o l a b u t for t h e t r e a c h e r y
of. C a p t a i n C r e g a n . A n i n v e s t i g a t i o n w a s
ordered bjr the republican committee, a t
w h i c h t e s t i m o n y w a s g i v e n t o t h e clfect
t h a t tlie c a p t a i n h a d i n s t r u c t e d his e l e c t i o n d a y s u b o r d i n a t e s t o w o r k i n a ballot n o w
a n d t h e n for S p i n o l a . W h e n C r e g a u t e s t i lied h e d e n i e d t h i s , b u t i t w a s n o t his d e n i a l
t h a t m a d e the captain's testimony interesting. I t w a s t h e candor with which this
" s a v i o r of society " discloscd s o m e m e t h o d s
of p r a c t i c a l politics, a n d g a v e h i s r e a s o n s
for r e f u s i n g t o e x p l a i n o t h e r s .
**I tell a m a n t h e n i g h t b e f o r e e l e c t i o n , "
said t h e captain, "here's y o u r tickets a n d
h e r e ' s y o u r m o n e y . I w a n t so m a n y v o t e s .
G o a n d get t l i e m . " A s k e d a b o u t a c e r t a i n
polling district h e said: " I never g o
t h e r e . I f s n o g o o d . I gro s o m e w h e r e else
w h e r e I c a n g o t ' e m for t h e i r r e n t m o n e y . "
Tlie p e r s o n s v a g u e l y a l l u d e d t o h e r e b y
t h e decapitatcd pronoun a r e supposed to
b e v o t e r s . T h e p r o c e s s of g e t t i n g t h e m
C r e g a n declined t o e x p l a i n , s a y i n g , w h e n
asked by the chairman what payments he
m a d e o n election day, a n d s a y i n g it w i t h a
s n t i l e : " P m a jn^acticai p o l i t i c i a n , I a m .
I t w o u l d b e a n e w t h i n g for m e t o tell y o u
that, a n d m i g h t land m e in t h e state
p r i s o n . " I t will b e n o t i c e d t h a t t h e c a p t a i n s r e v e r e n c e for t h e e l e v e n t h c o m m a n d m e n t is q u i t e u p t o t h e " s o c i e t y
s a v i u g " standaixl.
But when asked what h e m e a n t b y havi n g s a i d t h a t Mr. R i c e could h a v e b e e n
elected for $10,000 m o r e , C a p t a i n C r e g a n
l o s t p a t i e n c e . H e h a d s a i d so, a n d m e a n t
it; b u t h e w a s a p r a c t i c a l jiolitician a n d did
n o t w a n t to g o o n record in exactly t h a t
w a y . H e w a n t e d t o b e u n d e r s t o o d in t h i s
w a y : " I f M r . R i c e could d o it w i t h o u t S p i n o l a ' s k n o w i n g it, h e m i g h t h a v e o v e r c o m e
t h a t l i t t l e m a j o r i t y for a l m o s t n o t h i n g . B u t
if h e p u t i n m o n e y a n d S p i n o l a k n e w it,
Spinola would p u t in m o n e y too. H e r e
w e r e t w o r i c h m e n r u n n i n g for oflice. If
o n e s p e n t m o n e y , tlie o t h e r w o u l d .
Thafs
p r a c t i c a l politics. I n s u c h a c a s e R i c e
m i g h t h a v e b e e n elected for $10,000."
M i c h a e l C r e g a n is n o b e t l e r a n d no w o r s e
t h a n t h e a v e r a g e N e w Y o r k politician. H e
i s a g o o d fellow, a s t h e o t h e r s a r e — u n t i l
t h e y l a n d in s t a t e prison. I n his c o m i n g s
a n d g o i n g s , a s a p r a c t i c a l politician, h e is a
r e p r e s e n t a t i v e of a c l a s s w h o m t h e r e s p e c t a b l e " s a v i o r s o f s o c i e t y " e m p l o y o n election
d a y t o b u y a n d bul ly tlie p a u p e r i z e d a n d
d e g r a d e d v i c t i m s of social i n j u s t i c e .
They
f u r n i s h t h e political c o n n e e t i o n b e t w e e n
t h e millionaire and t h e t r a m p .
" OLTSIDE 1NTERFERENCE."
M a n y employers i m a g i n e t h a t tliey p l a n t
t h e m s e l v e s i n a n i m p r e g n a b l e position
w h e n t l i e y d e c l a r e t l i a t t h e y will t r e a t o n l y
w i t h tlieir o w n m e n a n d t o l e r a t e n o i n t e r f e r e n c e b y o u t s i d e r e — t h a t is, b y officers of
t r a d e s ' u n i o n s o r K n i g h t s of L a b o r . S u c h
m e n o n l y d e m o n s t r a t e t h e i r i g n o r a n c e cf
w h a t h a s already been accomphshed by t h e
m o v e m e n t to organize labor.
S o l o n g a s m e n c o u l d o n l y d e a l a s individuals with their employers they were a b s o l u t e l y p o w e r l e s s t o c o m p e l a n y r e d r e s s of
w r o n g s o r b e t t e r m e n t of tlieir c o n d i t i o n . If
t h e y w e r e n o t satisfied t h e e m p l o y e r c o u l d
s a f e l y tell t h e m t o g o , s u r e t h a t h e could
readily supply their places from t h e mass
of d i s o r g a n i z e d w o r k i n g m e n a l w a y s s e e k ing employment.
I t w a s t o r e m e d y tliis
v e r y c o n d i t i o n of affairs t l i a t l a b o r o r g a n i zations were formed.
T h e d i s p u t e is n o w , a s m u c h a s i t e v e r
w a s , b e t w e e n t h e emplo3 T er a n d t h o s e i n
his employ.
T h e difference is t h a t t h e
latter h a v e a powerful body a t their back,
w h i c h c a n a t l e a s t m a k e i t difficult for t h e
e m p l o y e r t o find n e w m e n if h e a r b i t r a r i l y
discharges those who state their grievances
and ask a remedy a t his hands. The dec l a r a t i o n t h a t n o " o u t s i d e r s " will b e list e n e d t o is a d i r e c t b l o w a t t h e v e r y f o u n d a t i o n of o r g a n i z e d l a b o r , a n d is a b s u r d w h e n
m a d e b y t h o s e w h o a d m i t t h e r i g h t of
labor to orgamze.
N o c o n c e i v a b l e p e r f e c t i o n i n the o r g a n i z a t i o n of l a b o r c a n c o m p e l e m p l o y e r s t o
p a y w a g e s t h a t will eause t h e m to m a n u a t a loss, o r e v e n w i t h o u t s o m e
rsssNtyterf
s h o p s . r a t h e r t h a n s u b m i t to s u c h a d e m a n d , a n d labor, h a v i n g o v e w e a c h e d iteelf,
w o u l d b e s u b j e c t e d t o e v e n g r e a t e r loss.
All t l i a t o r g a n i z a t i o n c a n d o is t o e n a b l e
workingmen to stand up with courage a n d
confideuce for a s fair a b a r g a i n a s is p o s sible u n d e r e x i s t i n g c o n d i t i o n s , a n d t h a t
t h e y will d o n o m a t t e r h o w m a n y p e t t y
railway presidents or other employers resent " o u t s i d e interference," and assert
t h e i r right t o m a k e b o t h sides of t h e b a r gain between labor and capital.
liousos a r e ia N e w Y o r k
sources of exceptional pro/jt to Jandlords a n d
of frequeut perquisites to t h e ])olice. R e n t s
a r e liigh a n d olncial rerninders rcgular. N o t
long a g o an a t t e m p t w a s m a d e t o elose up one
of these plaees on Thirtcentu street, b e t w e e n
Second a n d Third avenues. The neighbors
compiained to the c a p t a i n of the precinct, McCullagh, w h o promised t o sii])press t h e
nuisauce, but did not. A law a n d o r d e r association w a s then formed, which employccl a l a w y e r a n d beguu proceedings t o eviet t h e occupanis.
Preliininary t o
these
proceedings a scarch w a s m a d e for t h e owner,
wlio
pro ved
to
be
a
resident
of
Spain, a w o m a n u a m e d Luz F a r r e s d e M o r a ;
her a g e n t s in e h a r g e of letting the house w e r e
C o u d e r t Bros., the law linn of which F r e d e n e It. Coudert is tlie head. The case w a s
tried before Justice Stcckler, w h o found the
facts a s t h e y w e r e alleged by t h e neighbors
a n d issuecl w a r r a n t s to dispossess t h e occup a n t s of t h e house. A t the trial a witness
testified t h a t y, mouthly stipend w a s paid t o
the poliee. A r.cighboriug house Ixslonging t o
C o n r a d D o n n a n , of F o r t Lee, N . J., w a s proceedcd against a t t h e same time with like rcs u l t ; but new t e n a n t s immcdiately took possession a n d contiuued its use for t h e same unlav.ful purpose.
DISREPUTABLE
T H E surplus in t h e F c d e r a l t r e a s u r y seems
t o w o r r y some people v e r y much. But why
should it? W o u l d a n y individual be in doubt
about. w h a t t o d o if he h a d plenty of money in
t h e bank a n d w a s under h e a v y interest bearing obligations ? H e would p a y his d e b t s a n d
stop t h e interest unless he could use his money
more prolitably. T h a t is w h a t the g o v e r n ment should do. A n d it would do it if it w e r e
n o t for t h e banking monopoly, which h a s set
up a gold dollar for popular w a r f a r e .
eould be m o r e viciously a n d maliciously ina c c u r a t c t h a n the impression which Mr. Pixley h a d striven t o convey, t h a t t h e H e n r y
George v o t e had come from " the criminal,
unemj>loyed and discoiHent element."
"It
n u g h t , " says t h e correspondent, " w i t h m e r e
t r u t h h a v e been said of G e o r g e "Washington
t h a n of H e n r y George." W e c a n n o t adel' t o
t h e force a n d t r u t h of this observation, a n d it
only remains for us t o c o n g r a t u l a t e Mr. P i x l e y
upon his maguwmmity in p r i n t i n g so s e v e r e a
condemuation of his own rash a n d c r n d e
criticisrms.
A coRRESPorcDEXT of t h e Baltimore Sun is
much a m u s e d over t h e ignorance concerning
A m e r i c a displayed by a Persian g o v e r n o r , w h o
recently a s k e d : " H o w m a n y kings h a v e t h e y
in America now f"
Well, w e have. quite a
nuniber of kings, a n d some of t h e m live in Baltimore. How m a n y h a v e w e ? • •
A LANDL0RDfS QUERIES.
S i o u x C I T T , Iowa.—As a n American landlord. poKsessing t h e frcchold of o.3T-t a e r e s ,
divided into one f a r m of l',iW> a c r e s a n d six
f a r m s occupicd by t e n a n t s . I tind y o u r views
v e r y interesting. I i.dmit yi.ur a r g u m e n t s ,
btst there a r e t w o poinls I ituåst on y o u r demonstrå ting. Firs.t, the American l a n d o w n e r
bought his laud, in m a n y cases p a y i u g h a r d
cash for it to t h e g o v e r n m e n t or t o t h o s o l d i e r s
w h o b x m e s t e a d e d it. Now, w h y should I lose
all m y capital, wliieh w a s money e a r n c d in
manufacturc, a n d Vaudorbilt retn in his counfrlcss millions f I paid in h a r d cash ?:?}.f>00 for
this land ten y e a r s a g o . a n d in e v e r y case m y
ti tic took ils seat in a p a t e n t to a soldier from
t h e United S t a t e s g o v e r n m e n t . Second. d e m o n s t r a t e b y e x a m p l e how a l a n d l o r d is t o
lose his g r i p on the land b y all land being
equally t a x c d t o ifs full valne. Succcss t o t h e
eause of hiiinanity. L e t me h a v e a clear a n swer, a s I a m cnly a f a r m e r and v e r y busy.
A.
A S K E T C H p r i n t e d elscwhere g i v e s a n abs t r a c t of the political opiuions of Sir T h o m a s
More. Sir T h o m a s w a s certairily a m a n of
exeellent h e a d a n d h e a r t , w i t h . v i e w s far in
a d v a n c e of his time. T H E S T A N D A R D c a n n o t
e n d o r s e t h e extremesocialistic ideasof this dev o u t old Catholic, w h o died a m a r t y r t o his
belief in the supremacy of the pope. This is
not t h r o u g h a n y failure to a p p r e c i a t c their nobility a n d generosity, but simply from a conviction t h a t t h e system suggested by More
uecdlessly t h r o w s a w a y the a d v a n t a g e s of individual effort a n d ambition. "We freely a d m i t ,
howevcr, t h a t it is, a s More claimed, much
closer to the teachings a u d cxami)le of Christ
t h a n t h e existing system, and w e shall g l a d i y
join our Catholic friends in honoring the a n t h o r
of Utopia, should the proposal long u n d e r
consideratiou t o canonizc. him be c a r r i e d out.
But w h a t will become of " K i s G r a c e , " of
New Y o r k , should St. Thomas More t a k e his
lace on t h e c a l e n d e r of saiuts.
BAKLOW.
[ F i r s t : The equal right of e v e r y man to t h e
use of l a u d is inalienable. A s he cannot seil
himself he cannot seil lus right to t h a t upon
which he m u s t exist. Much less m a y his g o v e r n m e n t divest hun of his right. Still less
m a y he o r his g o v e r n m e n t divest his unborn
childrcn of their right. S l a v e h o k l e r s p a i d
h a r d cash—some of it e a r n c d possibly in
manufacturc—for " n i g g e r s , " but t h a t g a v e
t h e m no moral right to t.lu-ir human p r o p e r t y .
The equal n a t u r a l right of all t o the use of t h e
globe upon which t h e y a r e born once conccded, vestcd interests, h o w e v e r acquired,
must give w a y when t h e y dcprive a n y of t h e
h u m a n fa mi iy of his .*harc. B u t supjx>se this
w e r e not so, how d o r s the fact t h a t y o u paid
$."•},000 for y o u r land ten y e a r s a g o give y o u a
m o r a l r i g h t to t h a t inereasod va lue which i t
h a s a c q u i r e d from o t h e r cuuses t h a n y o u r o w n
improvcincnt i A n d do you not g i v c too much
i m p o r t a n c e to t h e fact t h a t y o u r interest in
land would be diminished by t h e t a x , a n d
T w o . out of e v e r y t h r c e f a r m s m Marshall i none a t all to the fact t h a t y o u r w a g e s - y o u
a n d F r a n k l i n countics, A l a b a m a , a r e said t o | ^
>"oU u r e v e r y b u s y - w o u l d be increased,
be u n d e r m o r t g a g e , a n d y e t t h e f a r m e r s i t l u i t - v o " r c l l P l t a l w o , l U l t , t i v » ° t a s e s » u n d
&rcat
v a r i e t y of iudirect t a x e s which you now p a y ?
Y a n d e r b i l f s millions will soon g o when priv a t e p r o p e r t y jn land is auuullcd. T h a t is t h e
T H O S E c o n s t a n t l y r e c u r r i n g " a c c i d e n t s " in
keystone
of the a r c h . But w h y do you d r a w
t h e construction of the n e w aqueduct, b y
this
eomparison
b e t w e e n yoursclf a n d Y a u d e r which m a n y w o r k i n g m e n h a v e been killed a n d
m a n y m o r e maimed for life, failed t o excite bilt ? His m e i e dwelling occupies m o r e land—
a n y a t t e u t i o n from the press until a m a n la- in value—than you own.
[Second : I t is n o t proposed to t a x all land
beled " A n a r c h i s t " feil a victim. H i s case
equally.
I t is not proposed to t a x a n y land.
" T H E Y E A R LSSfi," s a y s t h e Tribune,
" h a s passed imnoticed for t w o months, until t h e
been distinguished by r e m a r k a b l e uprisings of label w a s discovered. A n d now, w h a t is the W h a t is proposed is to t a x t h e r e n t a l value of
organized labor, y e t it will end without evi- couunent? W h y , t h a t this m a n has " s a v e d land a s distinguished from the v a l u e of imdencc t h a t t h e organized w o r k e r s h a v e g a i n e d society some trouble !" t h a t " t h e n e w s of this provements. If y o u coliect this r e n t a l v a l n e ,
a n y t h i n g on t h e whole by these surprising d e a t h does not eause v e r y deep grief i" t h a t the t a x will t a k e it a w a y from you ; if you d o
efforts." Our c o n t o m p o r a r y reminds t h e work- few people a r e sorry he " is out of t h e w o r l d !" not collect it, but kcep t h e land out of use, t h o
ingmen t h a t t h e y h a v e neither g a i n e d control a n d so on. Y e t his d e a t h resulted from an t a x will t a k e a s much from you a s y o u m i g h t
of t h e municipal g o v e r n m e n t of New Y o r k nor aocident in a n honorable occupation.
If h a v e collectwd. W h a t kind of a " g r i p " h a v e
of t h e national house of representatives, a n d workingmen w e r e t o commeut thus on the y o u r six t e n a n t s on you so long a s you can
it insists, on probably insulfieient evidenee, a c c i d e n t a l d e a t h of some p a m p e r c d savior of compel t h e m to p a y for t h e use of t h e laud
t h a t most of their strikes h a v e failed. I t sug- society their eonduct would be p r o m p t ly de- they use. W h a t kind of a " g r i p " will you
g e s t s t h a t organization h a s p r a c t i e a l l y been nounced a s brutal. Does it, then, m a k e a dif- h a v e on them when y o u a r e obliged to pay
back t h a t r e n t ? A s you a r e i n d e p e n d e n t o*
shown t o be useless, b y t h e fact t h a t the im- ference w h e n t h e other m a u ' s ox is gored?
t h e m n o w t h e y will be independent of you
p r o v e m e n t in business h a s brought to u n o r g a n then. There is a f urt her a n s w e r : The l a n d
ized labor quite a s much increase in w a g e s as
T H E N e w Y o r k correspondent of t h e
organization h a s seeured for other labor. This A l b a n y ./otn~nai s a y s t h a t if t h e n e w p a r t y | v a l u e t a x will opon u p for use, free of r e n t o r
is amusing. If t h e r e h a v e been instances in succceds in g c t t i n g a rcspeetable r e p r c s e n t a - j t a x , g r e a t bodies of land eve ry w h e r e , on
which employers h a v e a d v a n c e d w a g e s of tion numerically in t h e constitutional con- which men can m a k e a comfortable living. So
their own motion, simply because t h e y felt able vention it will m a k e things v e r y lively for long a s such land is available no m a n will
work for a n o t h c r for less t h a n a comfortable
to d o so, t h e Tribune has not h a d t h e enter- t h a t body. H e is right.
living ; a n d t h a t will put a n end to e v e r y kind
prise t o r e p o r t t h e m by telegraph. The only
or
" g r i p " by which some men live by the
imi>ortaut thing about all this is the evidencc
T H E brutal levity of police justices on t h e s w e a t of o t h e r men's brows.J
it affords t h a t the class for which our eontembench is seandaJous. W i t h t w o o r t h r c e
p o r a r y speaks evidently hopes t h a t labor is
exceptions these ofQcials a r e in the habit of
V i r g i n i a .Lniids.
sufliciently dismayed by d e f e a t to give u p t h e
making sport of t h e miscry t h a t daily comes Philadelphia Times»*
fight. Again, t h e Tribune s a y s t h a t " i n the
before them. R e c e n t l y Justice P a t t e r s o n im
T h a t p a r t of Virginia which suffcred mont
political held t h e n e t result s<^ far is d e f e a t of
posed a ten dollar line for drunkenness upon severely b y w a r a n d w a s of t e n e s t w r c s t e d
t h e labor c a n d i d a t e s in almost e v e r y impora m a n whn.se n a m e is m o r e easily spellcd from cither c o n t e n d i n g a r m y b y the other, is
t a n t contest, although the l a b o r e r s h a d a c l e a r
t h a n pronounced. The prisoner begged to be t h e m o s t prosperous t o - d a y . T h e old o r d e r
majority of v o t e s in e v e r y case h a d they been
let oil" with six dollars, all the money he had, is c h a n g i n g in t h e n o r t h e r n countics. Fertile
united." V e r y t rue ; but it is the fact t h a t they
a u d t h e j u d g e replicd: " N o ; a m a n t h a f s f a r m s a n d tastefully built liousrs on either
w e r e more n e a r l y united last y e a r t h a n e v e r
g o t such a n a m e a s you h a v e o u g h t to be lined side r e m i n d t h e P e n n s y l v a n i a n of his n a t i v e
before t h a t l e a d s t h e 'Tribune a n d o t h e r
ten dollars." F o r t h e law t h a t licenses S t a t e , for in this section of Virginia r c c o n p a p e r s of its class, t o discuss t h e m a t t e r with
drunkenness a t the r a t e of ten dollars and im- struction m e n n s m o r e than t h e political s t r u g such unaccustomed g r a v i t y . The positive
prisons m e n who cannot p a y t h e t a x , J u d g e gle commonly s u g g e s t e d by t h a t name. Ifc
cvidence afforded last y e a r t h a t a little d o s e r
P
a t t e r s o n is not rosponsiblc;"but his r c m a r k i n i signilies t h a t the old proprietærs h a v e a l r e a d y
union would assure certain succcss will hav r e
m l a r g e i n e a s u r e d i v i d e d their f a n n s into
a wonderful ellcct hereafter. The new p a r t y this case w a s c o w a r d l y . H a d he a u d t h e smaller ones a n d sold them to e n t e r p r i s i n g
is y e t in its infancy, but it is too b r i g h t t o prisoner been upon an equality it might h a v e neweoiners, a n d all, h a v i n g less t o manag'3
stupify itself b y t h e Tribun*?a soothing s y r u p . passed a s a piece of stupid p l e a s a n t r y or a s a n a n d m o r e capital b» m a n a g e it with, h a v e
insult t o be summarily resented. U n d e r t h e c o u c e u t r a t e d their rcsourees a n d m a u a g e d
circumstauces it ought t o be m a d e a g r o n n d belter. But when you g e t further south into
W H A T E V E R opiuions one m a y hold respectthe latitude t h a t w a s subjected only to occaof impeaehment.
ing ca})ital punishment, t h e course pursued by
sinnai raids, t h e l a n d s c a p e h e u r s u d e a d a n d
t h e g o v e r n o r in t h e case of Mrs, Druse must be
desolaLe a p p e a r a n c c . The houses a r e of the
G O V E R N O R H I L L h a s a t last discovered t h a t
a p p r o v e d . I t is his d u t y to euforce t h e law, people w h o work for a living a r e not -satisfied plainest a r c h i t e e t u r e a n d a r e g e n c r a l l y destia n d although a r b i t r a r y p o w e r of p a r d o n is w i t h t h e w a y things a r e going. In his mes- t u t e of paint; scrubby f«»rests of pine a u d
lodged with him, he h a s no right a s t h e execu- s a g e he s a y s : " I t is useless t o shut our eyes t o Holds of broom-se d g e s t r e t c h w e a r i l y a w a y
t o t h e r i g h t a n d left, a u d t h e c u l t i v a t e d fields
t i v e of a deniocratic c o m m o u w e a l t h to exer- the fact t h a t there seems to be a growing disto be scen h e r e a n d t h e r e h a v e a poor a n d
cise it caprieiously. By g r a n t i n g a respite he content a m o n g the industrial classes." Of worn out lo<»k. The pro})rictors h a v e not h a d
enables the law-making p o w e r t o s a v e the course t h e causes of discontent a r e beyond t h e m a n y opportunities <»f wclcoming t h e friendly
s t a t e from a disgrace which it is not within g o v e r n o r ' s vision, a n d even t o the fact t h a t Y a n k e e a n d seiling him a little farm.
In
fact, t h e friendly Y a n k e e has not c r o w d e d
the province of an executive olllccr to averfc.
t h e r e a r e causes he isoflleiaily indifferent. His
the t r a i n s or t h e hotel lobbies o r t h e r e a l
aim therefore is " t o a l l e v i a t e a n d pacify" t h e e s t a t o ofllces in s e a r c h of w o r n o u t f a r m
W I T E N t h e w r o n g of p r i v a t e p r o p e r t y in
discontent, not t o r e m o v e its causes, a n d so he lands, a n d nobody who sees how b a d l y w o r n
land is a t t a c k c d a favorite r e m a r k i s : " There advises the Jegisiature.
out t h e y a r e can blame him, considcring the
is plenty of land to be h a d free one or t w o
p r i c e s a s k e d for them.
h u n d r e d miles from every city of t h e coutil x TnsiR bill providing for tHe constitutional
uent,; w h y d o i r t those who grumble about
conveution, the labor orgauizations proj>ose
;
Ola, illo.st W ine J n d f . c !
their p o v e r t y t a k e it u p : ' They doifb t a k e
t h a t women shall v o t e for d e l e g a t e s a n d upon
Mr. G r o t t k a u , e d i t o r of the
Arbeiter-zcilung,
it up because the land is worthless.
If
t h e adoptiou of t h e constitution when pre- a t Madison, Wisconsin, w a s r e c e n t l y sentenced
it w e r e not worthless it would bring a
p a r e d . E v e n opponents of w o m a n suffrage in to t h i r t y days" imprisonment for contcmpt beprice.
I t is valueless cither from iusalug e n e r a l should not objeet to this. W o m e n a r e cause he h a d printed some verses reHeeting on
brity, a s t h e s w a m p s of Long I s l a n d ; from
citizens a u d subject t o the law, and tliis con- J u d g e Sloan of t h a t place. J u d g e Sloan, io
infertflity, a s tlie alkali plains thrpugh which
veution is to deiinc the limitations of law. F o r imposing sentence, <lisplayed a most e x a l t e d
t h e Union Pacific r a i l r o a d runs, o r from r e women to v o t e upon such a m a t t e r will not opinion of t h e dignity of tho bench and. an abmotencss from m a r k e t s , a s in the case of t h e
interfere with their domestic duties, nor im- s u r d ignorance of the present t-uiidition of
free l a n d s in t h e C a u a d i a u c o r t h w e s t . If
laboring men. H e s a i d : " T h e r e is but one s e pose upon t h e m those military a n d civil obliproduce h a s its v a l u e e a t c a u p in being
ciint", in this country for its citizens—the indeg a t i o n s which a r e supposed to be corollaries pendenee a n d dignity of the courts. W h e n
w a g o n e d a n d freighted t o m a r k e t , w h a t inof the suffrage ; a n d it is absolutely essential if t h a t is gone the whole labric of g o v e r n m e n t
d u c e m e n t is t h e r e t o raise t h e produce ?
t h e constitution is to be w h a t it wiil p u r p o i t to falls. If t h e r e b e w r o n g s t o be rcmedied—
I t is cruel m o c k e r y t o tell n e e d y m e n t h a t
be—an organic l a w e m a n a t i u g directly from fancied w r o n g s m a n y of" them are—existing
t h e y can relieve their p o v e r t y by t a k i n g u p
t h e whole people.
between capital a n d labor, an appeal can alfree (?) lands, when t h e y lack capital t o w o r k
w a y s be m a d e to t h e common. sober sense of
it, experience t o m a k e their plowing, sowing
T H E Irish World sa\*s t h a t editors who mis- the people. The {åborer of to-dny is t h e capia u d reaping succcssful, when by t h e v e r y
talist of to-morrow. There n e v e r w a s a time
essence of t h e offer t h e land they a r e asked to represent the land question k n o w t h a t t h e ma- when t h e laborer w a s in h e t t e r condition or
jority of m a u k i n d a r e m e r e cchoes, a n d t h e r e a c c e p t is worthless.
enjoying m o r e prosperity t h a n a t j>re«ent.
fore m a k e such senscless erles a s ccmrnunism, The t e n d o n c y of civiiization is t o w a r d t h e
socialism, anarchism, w h e n speaking of l a n d b e t t e r m e n t of t h e lo west laUsi-ing m a n . "
T H O S E illustrated p a p e r s which a p p e a l t o
taxation.
The\* might a s well a p p l y these
v u l g a r t a s t e s by libelously c a n c a t u r i n g public
men while they live, a n d celebratiug these t e r m s to a n y e t h e r system of taxaiioii. I t is
l l e f o r m fur C h i c a g o .
w riters in w e a k a t t e m p t s a t a r t when t h e y not proposed t o confiscate a n y v a l u e t h a t h a s Clsicapo Trilmni?.
A committee consistingof r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s of
die, sometimes drift into embarrassing situa- been c r e a t e d by h u m a n industry. This would
be
robbery.
But
when
t
h
e
community
c
r
e
a
t
e
s
the
U m t e d L a b o r p a r t y , t h e In.tptois club (the
tions. Such w a s the experience of Fuek when
leading
Dem^cratiu organizatiou of t h e city),
w
e
a
l
t
h
it
is
cntitled
to
it
a
s
much
a
s
the
india c a r i c a t u r e of General Logan, p r e p a r e d
tho
Union
leagut. {Republican), the Corainerduring his life, a p p e a r e d while the press w a s v i d u a l is t o t h e w e a l t h he creates.
cial club, a n d the Citizens' association has
filled with l a u d a t o r y obituary articles.
d r a f t e d a bill for the reform of the governT H E l a t e s t issue of L o v e i P s L i b r a r y Twilight m e n t of Cook county. The m c a s u r e prtfposea
W E ARE indebted t o t h e enterprise of t h e Club t r a c t s on " Q u e s t i o n s of t h e D a y , " c d i t e d in t h e lirst. place to elect next April a. n e w
S a n Francisco Argonaut for a n interesting by Chas. F . W i n g a t e , contains a score or m o r e b u a r u of fif teen members—teu fr«.-m the city
l e t t e r in r e g a r d t o t h e r e c e n t m a y o r a l t y cau- bright, pointed Jind t a k i n g essays b y some of a u d n v e from the county—the same d a y t h a t
a m a y o r a n d a l d e r m e n a r e elcct«d for Chiv a s s iu N e w Y o r k . Mr. Pixley vouches for t h e ablest American writers, including J a m e s cago, a n d t h a t trisstees, supervisers, e t c , a r e
t h e a u t h o r a s a person " w o r t h y of c r e d e n c e . " R e d p a t h , R e v . Dr. R y l a n c e , H e n r y George, elected by t h e county towns. It ppsposes also
" Solid on e v e r y t h i n g else," s a y s t h e w r i t e r t o Louis F . Post, L y m a n Abbott, J o h n Swinton, to coufer o n t h e c h a i r m a n of t h e c o u n t y bo a r d
Mr. Pixley, " except t h e E u r o p e a n t h e o r y of Prof. H a w l c y , Thos. G. S h c a n n a n , E. E . Hale, veto power» a n d to vest tho county clerk w i t h
protection, you a r e all w r o n g on t h e George G r a h a m McAdarn, J a s . P a r k e r , p a p t . C o d m a n , t h e p o w e r s of cnntroller. In addition, it p r o business. H e w a s nominated iu " t o w n ineet- D a v i d A. Wells, S t c w a r t L. Woodford a n d vides t h a t speciiic u p p n . p r i a t i o n s , which u n d e r
iug " called by 33,000 citizens, t h e signaturcs others. I t is marvelously c h e å p a t t w e n t y no c i r c u m s t a u c e s can b.; oxceedcd, shall be
h a v i u g been obtaiued iu sixteen d a y s . I t w a s cents a copy, a n d deservcs a l a r g e cireulation. m a d e d u r i n g t h e Jir.->t t h r c e m o n t h s of t h e
fiscal y e a r .
t h e r e v o l t of d c c e n t people a g a i n s t t h e m a chine. H e h a d t h e signat ures of 123 clergyI t Ownn T o o I>lnch L a n d .
G o v e r m n e i i t by C o m m i t t e e .
men, 486 l a w y e r s , o v e r 500 physicians, a maSpeaking of R e v . Dr. McGlynn, t h e S a l t
La.ncastcr. Pa., Imi'Ui.^<.'if.-«r.
j o r i t y of t h e m e m b e r s of t h e brokers' ex- L a k e Tribune, a n anti-Mormon paper, s a y s :
Philadelphia h a s a popukition of n e a r l y a
e h a n g e , of t h e publishers of t h e city, of over " The Catholic Church c a n n o t afford t o keep
million. She vvants a mayor. A committee
3,000 shop-keepers (not one gin-mili keeper), in A m e r i c a a priest w h o does n o t believe in
of some kind propose four mimes a n d ask t h é
nine-tenths of t h e n e w s p a p e r men. Tliere was p r i v a t e ownership of land. Objeet t o t h e ecbig city to clioose a n a m e . A n d this is our
,n h e says, " o rum-shop
for
George. clesiasticaJ ownership of l a n d a n d half t h e
b o a s t e d g o v e r n m e n t of t h e people- I t j s e e m s
,t tells t h e s t o r y a n d t h e
t r u t n . " w e a l t h of t h e Catholic C o o r c h i n A m e r i c a
v e r y m u c h like t h e c r o w n e d h c a d s of , É u r o $ *
weuldgoafconeswoop.
[ c h o o w i g a l u v f o r t a ^ B u i s a c i a A jpeoj^a,
t h e r e imagine t h a t t h e y belong t o t h e landlord cbiss
thub
vou
w o u k l
bo
frcetl
fro,n
,ho
T H E STANDARD, SATTJEDAY, JANTTARY 8, 1887.
lx-:.
2&S&
THE
WEEK.
w o u l d aflford
corruption.
f •* „"£«---* ..
Jlr. H e w i t t signalizcd his o n t r a n c c i n t o t h e
•javor^s
office by a public r c c c p t i o n a t t e n d e d
,-^5.v-S4.*
hv m a n y p l a c e m e n a n d jx>liticians.
The
luayor w a s j . c o s e a n d in t h e b e s t of humor.
I B t h e , c o u r s e o f t h e d a y Mr. H e w i t t d e aounced liars o n t h e p r e s s w h o a t t r i b u t e d t o
fe
fcipi w h a t be d i d n o t s a y . T h i s is u u g r a t e f u l ,
« n e e Mr. H e w i t t ovres a g r e a t d c a l t o journa J « m a d d i c t c d t o I t i i s habit. W h c n h e sliook
h a s d s w i t h O . m m i s s i o n c r P u r r o y h e stud,
l a s t t i m e I s a v v o n v o n w e r e got t i n g m e
feto tbis trouble." C r o k c r a n d P o w e r w e r e
fc
a m o n g t h e « i I lers, but. t h e i r c a n d i d a t e \ s retnarks t o t h e m a r e n o t r e e o r d e d . Anions: t h e
Jocal s t a l e s m o n w e r e : Tim. C o s t i g a n , F r a n k
Pufly, Col. M o o c o y , P o l i e e J u s l l b e s D u f l y ,
White and Murray, Tim. Campbell, Eddie
Calrill a n d m a n y o t h e r s natur» l!y j u b i l a n t o v e r
t h e s u c c e s s of t h e i r eJforts l o -.-sive s o c i e t y .
H>e occasioti w a s a c l u v r f u l o n e t o a l l e o n «crned. :s:id Mr. H e w k t ? s a m i a b i i i t y '.vas suclT
tltat Mr. O. 1». 1'otter c o n g r a t u i a i e d h i m o n
t h e g o o d l>egimring h e liad m a d e .
Ir
J o s e p h P- M c D o n o u g h , o n c o f t h e c i r c u i t
d e r k s of t h e s u p r c n i e c o u r t , h a s b e e n r e m o v e d
|gr C o u n t y C l e r k Flaek, a n d a T a m m a n y e x Assemblymau h a s b c e n apix>intcd in his p l a c e .
Jhe position is wort h .?'2,<*)0 a y e a r . M c D o n ø u g l f s r e i n o v a l i s d u e t o t h e f a c t t h a t )iis o r ganization. I r v i n g H a l l . e n d o r s e d t h e w o r k i n g tfs c a n d i d a t e for t h e m a y o r a l t y .
"v
I"
ff."
i'.
i-.-
The details of t h e dcal t h a t united t h e city
J e m o c r a t s l a s t f a l l a r e c o m i n g t o light*. T h e
Arst r c v c l a t i o n i n v o l v e s H e n r y R. B e e k n i a n , a
t y p i c a l s a v i o r o f s o c i e t y of t h e pa trician c l a s s ,
•ovr p r e s i d e n t o f t h e b o a r d o f a l d e r m e n ;
Maurice J . P o w e r , l o a d e r of t h e C o u n t y D c •nocraey. a n d R i c h a r d C r o k c r , l e n d e r of T a m • m n y H a l l . T a m m a n y had f o r c o d t h e noinin a t i o n o f Mr. H e w i t t for m a y o r . a n d a d i s p u t c
arose o v e r t h e o t h e r n o m i n a l ions. T h e C o u n t y
D c m o c r a c y insisted t h a t it- s h o u l d n a m e t h e
president of t h e l>;ard of a l d e r m e n , s i n c e
Tammany had uamcd the mayor. while Tam- aaany c l a i m e d t h e n o n i i n a t i o n o n t h e g r o u n d
that its nomiuee for m a y o r b e l o n g c d t o the
County Dcmocracy. The dispute w a s tetnpol a r i l y a d j u s i o d by r e f e r r i n g i t t o Mr. H e w i t t ,
w h o c h o s e Mr. l t c c k m a n , t h e a p a r k c o m m i s aioner. Mr. C r o k c r . o n b e h a l f of T a m m a n y ,
o b j e c t c d that B e e k n i a n w a s a p e r s o n a l frieud
o f l l a y o r G r a c e , a n d t h a t lie s b o u i d n o t b e
i n d o r s e d u n l e t s he pted<red himseif
not
t o resJ«:n a s p a r k c o m n i i s s i o u e r natil 3tr.
Hewitt- t o o k t h e
ofllce of m a y o r .
Mr.
P o w e r , *>n b e h a l f of i h e C o u n t y D e m o e rarv. promised t o
obtain
the
pledpre,
whTch h e di-.i. A f t e r e l e c t i o n t h i s t r a n s a c t i o t i
.jpot i n t o p«»litieal jrossip, a n d a Times
reporter oblasiie-t :i s t a t ^ m e n t fr<»m
Mr.
O r a c e . w h o sa id that- h e h a d ""t a t lirst
belie\"éd Mr. IV-r-kmnn
c a p a b l e of
.<tich
c o n d u e t . H o h a d Tiev«-rthelcss a s k e d him if
t h e s t o r y w a s t r u e a n d Mr. R e e k m a n h a d
a ^ n i t t e d g i v i n ? t h e i)!<*d>re. Mr. i » r a c e s a y s
be told the park comuiissioner rather iorcibly
w h a t h e t h o u g h t of s u e n bavjiains, i n d i v f e r r e d t o iiis p r e t o n s e of r e l u c t a n c e t o run fi»r
president of t h e b o a r d o f a l d e r m e n a f t e r
m a k i n g a n impro|x»r proim.«e iu «vrder t o
aocure t h e nomiuation. A f t e r his caJl o n t h e
tnai-or Mr. R e e k m u n is saiti t;» h a v e d e c l a r e d
t h a t h e h a d jusL speiit t h e w o r s t i i f t e e n inintttes of h i s li fe. Iii tin- a b s e u e e or d i s a b i l i t y
c f Mr. H e w i t t t h e s a m e Mr. r>eekman w i l l , !iy
viriui- of his <»ttice, look a l l e r t h e f o i u i d a t i o n s
o f s o c i e t y a u d w a r d off c h a o s .
fe
l l a y o r H e w i t t , h a v i n g becn eonfined t o his
b o u s e , Mr. B e e k n i a n , w h o b e e a i n e p r e s i d e n t of
t h e b o a r d of a l d e r m e n b y a p r e - e l e c t i o n d c a l ,
ams b e e n a c t i n g m a y o r . S h o u l d Mr. B e e k m a n
alflo f a i i ill F a t . D i v v e r , v i c e - p r e s i d e n t *>f t h e
b o a r d a u d v h r o n i c c ;ir.petitor of
"Fatty
Walslj,7' would preside o v e r the destinies o f
t h e c i t y . T h e d e s e e n t is r e g u l a r .
T h e greneral t e r m o f t h e N e w Y o r k s u p r e m e
«ourt, J u d g e Daniels writing the'opinion, h a s
«leetded t h a t ct>rucring a r t i c l e s of f o o d o r
~other n c e e s s a r i e s is a c»'irninal e o n s p i r a c y .
J u d g e D a n i e l » s a y s it is n o t h i n g l e s s t h a n r e a p e c t a b l e roblx?ry. W i t h a s t a t u t e a s o l d a s
t h e s t a t e prohibiting c o m b i n a t i o n s t o in j u r e
t r a d e or eommerce, and gigautie corners daily
t n a o i p u l a t e d in t h e c e n t e r s of t r a d e , it is curio n s t i i a t until n*»w t h e s t a t u t e h a s been e u ( o r e e d o n l y a g a i i i s t m e c h a u i c s for c o m b i n i n g
a g a i n s t s o m e s h o e shon.
EV
tev
reasonabic
security
against
L a s t S u n d a y t h e c a s e o f N e l s o n P. P e a r s o n ,
c h a r g e d w i t h bribcry a t t h e l a t e e l e c t i o n , w a s
f o r t h e fifth t i m e b e f o r e a p o l i e e court. F o u r
t i m e s it h a d b e e n p o s t p o n e d t o a c c o m m o d a t e
t h e d e f e n d a n t , a n d t h e lifth it w a s " h u n g u p "
t o a c c o m m o d a t e t h e j u d g e . F r e d e r i c k C. L e u b u s e h c r , Estj., w h o
w a s authorized
by
the
district
a t t o r n e y to rcpresent
the
People,
had
ineffectually
attempted
to
force
the
case
to
a
hearing
before
J u s t i c c Duffy, w h o
finally
adjourned
it
t o a d a t e w h e n J u s t i c c P o w e r w o u l d sit.
•bistjce P o w e r is t h e l e a d e r of t h e C o u n t v
D c m o c r a c y . H e refused t o hcar the case,
s a y m g that no other judge had a right to
s e n d c a s e s t o him, w h i c h , a s a m a t t e r of
p o l i e e c o u r t c t h i e s , nia v he t r u e , but a s a
m a t t e r of .'aw is not. A l t h o u g h t h e c i r c u m s t a n c e s a n d t h e i m p o r t a u c e of t h e c a s e w e r e
e x p l a i n e d b y Mr. L e u b n s c h f r , J u d g e P o w e r
r e f u s e d t o e i t h e r h e a r or a d j o u m it^ a n d n o w
it is o u t of c o u r t . D e f e n d a n f s c o n n s e l d i d
n o t api>ear a t a l l ; it w a s n o t n e c e s s a r y .
G o v c r n o r HilVs m e s s a g e w a s r e a d t o t h e
lcgislature on Monday.
H e recommends a
p e r m a n e n t s y s t e m for t h e c m p l o y m e n t of
prison Jabor, f r e e fr<jm t h e objec(:ions t o t h e
contract system, which w a s abolishcd b y
p o p u i a r v o t c in ISSj.
He also urges some
m e a s u r e for s p r i n g municipal e l e c t i o n s in t h e
c i t y of N e w Y o r k , a n d a la w p e r m i t t i n g n a t u ralizcu citizens t o r e g i s t e r w i t h o u t p r o d u c i n g
t h e i r pa|>ers.
A l a w Iimiting p r e f c r e n c c s in
general assignments, a census act, a commission t o r e v i s e t h e c h a r t e r of N e w Y o r k , abolit i o n of t h e r e g e n t s of t h e u n i v e r s i t y , abolition
of the state board of charities a n d the state
b o a r d of h e a l t h , a l a w t o e n f o r c e religions
f r e e d o m , provisjons f o r a p p e a l s in m u r d e r
c a s e s d i r c c t l y t o t h e c o u r t of api>eals a n d a n
a c t r e s t r i c t i n g t h e p o w e r bf c o r p o r a t i o n s t o
issue s t o e k a n d b o n d s , a r e a l s o a m o n g t h e g o v ernor's r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s . H i s suggesti» m t h a t
t h e l e g i s l a t u r e e m p l o y a special eounsel t o
d r a f t bilis iu l e g a l f o r m a n d t o a d v i s c m e m b e r s a n d e o m m i t t e e s is v a l u a b l e , a n d if
a d o p t e d w o u l d s a v e m u c h u s e l e s s litigation.
More popuiar, p e r h a p s , but l e s s v a l u a b l e , is
his pro|K>sition f o r t h e p l a c i n g of all p r o p e r t y ,
r e a l a n d p e r s o n a l , u p o n a n e q u a l footinsr for
pui*l)o.scs of t a x a t i o n .
This proposal, sul>m i t t e d w i t h a v i e w t o t h e fa v o r of f a r m e r s , is
l o s i n g i t s a t t r a c t i v e n e s s , a s f a r m e r s Jcarn t»sat
t h e l a n d o w n e r s of their f a r m s b e a r a v e r y
s m a l l proportion t o t h e v a l u e s of their i m p r o v c m e n t s a n d stock.
M a y o r W h i t n e y of B r o o k l y n , in his m e s s a g e
t o the a l d e r m e n o n M o n d a y , s a i d : " Onr
g r o w t h h a s b e e n g r e a t ; our w e a l t h h a s ine r e a s e d ; our d e b t h a s d e e r e a s e d ; our t a x
rate has been reduced."
H.? m i g h t h a v e
a d d e d , " Our r e n t s h a v e g o n e up."
Congress reassemblcd on Tuesday. Before
t h e holiday r e c e s s t h e h o u s e h a d i s a n a g e d t o
lall a n y proposal t o r e d u c e tariff t a x a t i o n a n d
t o p a s s a modifieation of t h e R e a g a n r a i l w a y
bill. The bill is still in c o m m i t t e e of c o n f e r e n c e , and t h e s e u a t e c a n be d e p e n d e d on t o
s h a p e it in t h e i n t e r e s t s of t h e r a i l w a y s
s
far a s possiblc. E a c h h o u s e h a s a l s o
p a s s c d a s e p a r a t e bill p r o v i d i n g for the
division of Indian l a n d s in s e v e r a l t y . This
questkwi wifl a l s o g o t o a c o n f e r e n c e c o m m i t t e e , a n d all frieuds of j u s t i c c t o t h e red m e n
will h o p e t h a t t h e r e will be a f a i l u r e t o a g r e e .
Roth bilis a r e b a d , a n d a n y c o m b i n a t i o n of
t h e m i s likely t o be w o r s e t h a n either.
T h e p r e s i d e n t h a d sufficiently r e c o v c r e d
f r o m his r h e u m a t i c a t t a c k t o c n a b l e him t o
reeeive on N e w Year's day. The newspapers
g i v e g u s h i a g a e c o u n t s of t h e s p l e n d o r of t h e
ladies' d r e s s e s a n d of t h e g o r g e o u s n e s s of t h e
a n n y oflicials a n d d i p l o m a t s a t t h e official
r e e e p t i o n . but fail t o d i s e a n t on t h e costurnes
of t h e p e o p l e w h o a t t e n d e d t h e l a r g e r r e e e p t i o n g i v e n la bor t o '"the citizens." w h o e v e r
t h e y m a y be. T h e y a r e e v i d e n t ly a n infcrior
e l a s s of p e o p l e . h o w e v e r , in w h o s e c l o t h e s
our conteinpoi-aries a r e n o t i u t e r e s t e d .
C
•>»-iii^.w.-*r5ti',:v.
•»..-
, .
V
j . - '
A r r a n g e m e n t s h a v e j u s t b e e n m a d e for
e s t a b l i s h i n g l a r g e iron f u r n a c e s a n d i m p r o v e d
c h a r c o a l f a c t o r i e s a t N a s h v i l l e , Tenn. A c o m p a n y w i t h millions of n o m i n a l c a p i t a l h a s been
o r g a n i z e d t o e r e c t furnaces, rolling mills, a
s t e e l p l a n t a n d a c h e m i c a l w o r k s for t h e prod u c t i o n of c h a r c o a l , w o o d a l c o h o l , a c i t a t e of
lime, e t c . T h e local p a p e r s a r e jubilant o v e r
the prospcct that Nashville's importance as a
m a n u f a c t u r i n g c e n t e r w i l i t h u s be e n o r m o u s l y
increascd. The n e w c o m p a n y has tåken care
t o s e c u r e a g o o d f r o n t a g e on t h e Cumberland
river, w i t h a v i e w t o utilizing natural m e a n s
of t r a u s p o r t a t i o n , t h u s a s s u r i n g f a v o r a b l e
railway rates. It has also m a d e less commendablc water an"ingements, by providing
for t h e g r a t u i t o u s issue of i t s $1,000 of c a p i t a l
stc>ck t o e a c h subscriber for $1,000 bond.
The
o r g a n i z e r s h a v e a l s o p u r c h a s e d o v e r 2,700
a c r e s of l a n d a t a n d ncaj; t h e site of t h e prop o s e d w o r k s , on w h i c h t h e y will e r e c t d w e l l ing h o u s e s for w o r k m e n a n d others. The i>rom o t e r s t h u s s h o w their a p p r e c i a t i o n of t h e
direetion t h a t t h e indirect p r o l i t s of their enterprise will t a k e , a n d p r e p a r é t o secure t h e s e
Srotits for all time. T h e c o m m e n t s of t h e
a s h v i l l e p r e s s on t h e c o n d i t i o u of t h e w o r k m e n hi t h e c i t y ' s n e w suburb, t w e n t y y e a r s
h e n c e , wili contrast, bro;:.dly w i t h t h e i r e x u b e r a u t e x p r e s s i o n s of d e i i g h t j u s t n o w .
The lowest biddenfor supplying meat to the
b o a r d of c h a r i t i e s a n d c o r n j c t i o n of N e w
Y o r k for 1SS7 offers t o f u m i s h 1,200 t o n s of
c h u c k b e e f a t 4 4-10 c e n t s p e r pound, s a l t beef
at 4*;, v c a l a t 12, pork a t 8, m u t t o n a t 0,
c o r n e d btref a t 8, sirloin s t e a k s a t 10, r o a s t s a t
10 an«l e x t r a d i e t beef a t 10. T h e t o t a l
a m o u n t of m e a t r e q u i r e d i s a b o u t a,500.000
pouuds.
Mr. C o r n c l i u s V a n d e r b i l t g a v e a d i n n e r t o
» l a r g e numJ.vr o f t h e e m p l o y e s c f t h e N e w
T h e r e is a n a e t i v e a n d s u e c e s s f u l effort in
York Central and W e s t Shore roads on N e w
p
r
o g r e s s t o raise a fund for t h e w i d o w of t h e
Year^s d a y . T h e d i n n e r c o n s i s i c d o f o y s t e r s ,
c o r n e d beef, t o n g u e , h a m a u d a l l k i n d s of j l a t e S e n a t o r L o g a n a n d u p t o T n e s d a y o v e r
:
0 000 L a d l v e n
vegetables and dessert.
The men, w
—e —
««"«THHKI.
The m o n e y will
a r e *b -e - i u v e s t e d in Mrs.
L o g a n ' s n a m e in U n i t e d
' t o l d , " w e r e l o u d in their p r a i s e s b o t h of t h e S t a t e s f o u r p e r c e n t . b o n d s .
d i n n e r a n d of Mr. Y a n d e r b i i l . " This s e e m s t o
i n d i c a t e t h a t t h e y a r e not a c c u s t o m e d t o s u e h
T h e f e d e r a l c o m m i s s i o n of a g r i c u l t u r e c o m dinners, v e t t h e bill of f a r e is a pia in one. t h e
p l a i n s t o G o v e r n o r O g l e s b y t h a t t h e Illinois
mat«Tja!s b y n o mean.s c o s t l y , a n d sueh a m e a l
« u g h l t o be c a s i l y w i t h n i t h e r c a c h oi" a f a i r l y L i v e S t o c k c o m m i s s i o n h a s i n t e r f e r e d t o prev e n t t h e s u c c e s s of t h e efforts b y t h e g e n e r a l
påid w o r k m a n e v e r y d a y .
g o v e r n m e n t t o s u p p r e s s pleuro-pncunomia
T h e cheerfni f a c e of Miss A g a t h a Munier a m o n g e a t t i e in t h e C h i c a g o s t o e k y a r d s .
h a s d i s a p p e a r e d f r o m t h e c h o i r of St. S t e - U n l e s s tliere is a c h a n g e , t h e c o m m i s s i o n e r
p h e n ^ churcb, a n d is not likely t o return un- s a y s h e will l.»e c o m p e l l e d t o a d m i t t h a t t h e
Illinois a u t h o r i t i e s a r e not e n f o r c i n g all r e a s o n t i l t h e t h e reiiiKtatemcnt of Dr. M c G l y n n . F o r
a b i c m e a s u r e s for s t a m p i n g out t h e disease.
fifteen y c a r s Miss Munier h a s e u g a g e d iu t h e This m a t t e r v i t a I ly e o i i c e r n s e o u s u m e r s of
s a c r e d s e r v i c e o f thts edificc, a n d t h e music,
w e s t e r n beef.
u n d e r h e r skiiful leadersliip, h a s l o n g lx?on
k n o w n for i*s e x c e i i e n e e . Bur o l d a s s o c i a T h e r e will be a s h a r p a n d e a g e r c o m p c t i t i o n
t j o u s w e r e n o t s t r o n g e n o u g h I w h d s t o h o l d for tJie s e a t in tljp U n i t e d S t a t e s s e n a t e r e n h e r w h e r e ehe b c l i e v e d injustice w a s beitig
d e r e d v a c a n t by t h e d e a t h of G e n . L o g a n .
d o u e , a n d until t h e v e n e r a t e d p r i c s t w l i o
biult a p St, S t e p h e n s is r e t u r n e d s h e w i l l n o t G o v . O g l e s b y a n n o u n e o s t h a t he will n o t be a
e a n d i u a t e . T h e probabiiity is t h a t t h e l a r g e s t
s e t Umt in t h e c h o i r loft.
p u r s e will s e c u r e t h e prize.
TTilliam Morrison, a T h i r d a v e n u e c a r d r i v e r ,
T h e r e p o r t s of familie in t h e drouth-stricken
w a s h e l d t o bail un N e w Y e a r ' s d a y for strikThe
i n g a b a l k y h o r s e w i t h a c a r hook.
This, p e r - d i s t r i c t s of T e x a s a r e h e a r t - r e n d i n g .
h a p s , m d i c a t e i a g r o w t h of h u m a n f e e l i n g o n c o u n t y j u d g e s of t h e r e g i o n a f f e c t e d r e c e u t l y
t h e part o;- t h e m a n a g e m e n t o f t h a t c o m p a n y m e t iu c o n v e n t i o n a n d d e c l a r e d t h a t t h e t o t a l
t h a t m a y , if e n c o u r a g e d , r e a c h a h e i g h t t h a t n u m b e r of p e o p l e in t h o s c c o u n t i e s n o w in n e e d
trill i n c l u d c aicu.
o f f o o d , c i o t h i n g a n d fuel is p l a c e d a t 30,000,
T h e ineqtiality o f t a x a t i o n u p o n p e r s o n a l w h i l e t h o u s a n d s m o r e a r e w i t h o u t s e e d t o
p r o p e r t y w a s a p t l y i l l u s t r a t e d b y T h o m a s G. p l a n t d u r i n g t h e c o m i n g y e a r . A n a p p e a l is
ma«le t o t h e state, a n d n a t i o n a l legislaUires,
fShearman, E s q . , a t t h e l a s t d i n n e r of t h e a n d t o t h e c o u n t r y a t l a r g e , t o f u m i s h a t o n c e
Twiligfct club. " W h a t i s p e r s o n a l p r o p e r t y ?' $50U,OCO t o r c l i e v e i m m e d i a t c w a n t s .
h e asked. "Umbrelkvs!" exciaimed the reMr. R o b e r t S. G r e e n , j u s t i n a u g u r a t e d a s
d o u b t a b l e Capt- C o d i n a n . T h e l a u g h t e r t h a t
f o l l o w e d w a s v a r i e d w i t h a n a s s o r t i n e n t o f g o v e r n o r o f N e w J e r s e y , irf t h e e x t e u t a n d
fcllusions t o t h e c o n n n u n a l u u t u r e of t h i s k i n d r i c h n e s s of t h e p a t r o n a g e a t his d i s p o s a l ,
o f p r o p e r t y , but it s u i i e d Mr. S b e a r m a n ' s l e a d s a l l o t h e r g o v e r n o r s . H e will h a v e , for
purjjose w e l l , a n d h e w e u t o n : ''Ccrtainly;
e x a m p l e , t h e apprjintment of a s e e r e t a r y of
«anbrejlas a r e personal p r o p e r t y . N o w , s u p s t a t e for l i v e y c a r s , a t a s a l a r y of $0,000 aiul
p c s e y o u t a x umbrellas, w h o w i l l p a y m o s t
f
e c s ; a n a t t o r n e y g e n e r a l for five \ ears, a t
t a s e s ? M e n w i t h o n l y o n e urnbrella, of
«ourse.
The a s s e s s o r w o u l d a s s u m e t h a t ST,000 a n d f e e s ; a c h a n c e l l o r for five y e a r s , a t
e v e r y m a n h a d o n c ; t h e r c f o r e , e v e r y m a n $10;000 a n d f e c s ; t h r e e j u d g e s of t h e s u p r e m e
B o t v . h o l i y d e s t i t u t e of u m b r e l l a s w o u l d h a v e c o u r t for s e v e n y e a r s . a t $T,500 e a c h ; a clerk
t o p s y t a x e s o a on«; o r c o m m i t perjury. Rut of t h e s u p r e m e c o u r t for s e v e n y e a r s , a t
t h e m o r e lanbrelias a n y m a n h a d t h e e a s i e r $2.000. a n d a s t a t e prison k e e p e r for l i v e
©ould h e esea.j)e his pr< >portion of t a x e s . In y e a r s , a t $5.000. A n o t l i e r g o o d p a y i n g ollice
g u c s s i n g ut TJJO nuinbiT of u m b r e l i a s t h e i s t i i a t of p r o s e c u t o r of t h e p l e a s a t J e r s e y
a s s e s s o r would giu«ss alv)ve t h e limit of t h e C i t y . w o r t h $12,000 per a n n u m , a n d a number
p o o r m a u a n d far b e l o w that, of t h e rich m a n , of l e s s i m p o r t a n t p l a e e s , w i t h s a l a r i c s r a n g i n g
f r o m $*J,500 t o $ii,."00 e a c h . P e r h a p s w h e n
a s h e d o e s u o w w i t h all k i n d s of -ehaltels.
A
" t h e p o o r p e o p l e w h o h a v e t o w o r k for a
t a x o n u m b r e l l a s is a n e x c c l l e n t c x a m p l e o f l i v i n g " h o m e t o g o v e r n N e w J e r s e y in f a c t , int h e i n e q u a l i t y of personal profierty t a x e s . "
s t e a d o f numinally, t h e "richness" of this
p a t r o n a g e wili be i n a r r c d s o m e w h a t .
S e n a t o r Murphy's constitutional c o n v e n t i o n
M i n n e s o t a h a s t w o g o v e r n o r s . McGill, t h e
bill p r o v i d e s f o r t w o d e l e g a t e s f r o m e a c h
R
c
publican candidate, has been inaugurated,
assembly district and thirty-two a t large.
T h i s w o u l d e x c l u d c third p a r t y d e l e g a t e s un- a n d A . A . Arnes, t h e D e m o c r a t i c c a n d i d a t e ,
l e s s t h e y c a m c f r o m d i s t r i c t s in wliich t h e t o o k t å c o a t h o t ollice o n T u e s d a y , a n d w i l l
c o n t c s t t h e e l e c t i o n of McGilL
third p a r t y w a s e i t h e r a first or s e c o n d p a r t y .
%»eakcr i l u s t e d : s bill p r o v i d e s for n i n e t y - s i x
T h e p r o p r i c t o r s of t h e B o s t o n Herald
anl o c a l d e l e g a t e s , t h i r t y of t h e m f r o m t h e n o u n c e d o n t h e Ist inst. t h a t d u r i n g the. cur«cuatorial d i s t r i c t s of N e w Y o r k , K i n g s a n d r e u t v c a r t h e y will s h a r e t h e n e t profits of
Richmond, aud thirty-two a t large.
T h i s t h e i r b u s i n e s s w i t h their e m p l o y e s .
w o u l d m a k e a c o m p a c t c o n v e n t i o n of o n e
T h e B u l l e t i n of t h e A m e r i c a n I r o n a n d S t e e l
hundret» and l-wenty-eigbt d e l e g a t e s , w h i c h
a
s
s o c i a t i o n o n J a n . 1 p u b l i s h e d a r e v i e w of t h e
•t mijihi be n c i t h e r tro;d>lesome nor e x y
e
a r , w h i c h s a y s o u r iron a n d s t e e l i n d u s t r i e s
Msive t o a r g u e w i t h . T h e L a b o r p a r t y ' s
w
e
r e e s p e c i a l i y a e t i v e d u r i n g 1886, a n d this
11 p r o v i d e s l o r t h r e e d e l e g a t e s f r o m e a c h
a s s e m b l y district) for o n l y o n e of w h o m a n y a c t i v i t y w a s f a i r l y d i s t r i b u t e d t h r o u g h o u t t h e
Ijtiector e a u v e t e , a n d t h i r t y - t w o a t l a r g e . y e a r . I m p r o v e m e n t b e g a n in 1885. Our pro»
PsBis e n a b l e s a t h i r d p a r t y of r e s p e c t a b l e
d u c t i o n i n 1886 o f p i g iron, B e s s e m e r s t e e l a n d
•jT ^ ^ s t r e n g t h t o s e n d a w o r k i n g d e l e g a t i o n .
i t w o a l d m a k e a l a r g e c o n v e n t i o n , b u t t h e s t e e l rails, o p e n h e a r t h s t e e l , s t r u c t u r a l i r o n
a n d s t e e l a n d aoine o t h e r v a r i e t i e t h a s b e e n
rorkcoukåbedøoeby
^^il^^V;
of p i g iron, B e s s e m e r s t e e l , B e s s e m e r s t e e l
ruils a n d o p e n - h e a r t h s t e e l h a s b e e n m u c h t h e
l a r g e s t in our history.
D u r i n g 1S86 this c o u n t r y built o v e r 7,000 m i l e s of n e w railroad,
a g a i n s t 3,313 m i l e s r e p o r t e d in 1885. T h e g e n e r a l business o u t l o o k for 1S87 is v e r y f a v o r able.
. i.,"S<s,'.'^a
•-.••vr-f-j:.
r
*:--i^e-
E n g l a n d h a i l s 18S7 a s t h e y e a r of jubilee in
h o n o r of tlnffiftieth a n n i v e r s a r y of V i c t o r i a ' s
a s c e n s i o n of t h e thronc. T h e n e w s p a p e r s d e s c a n t on t h e w o n d e r f u l p r o g r e s s m a d e d u r i n g
t h a t r e m a r k a b l e half c e n t u r y , a n d tUose w h o
h a v e s h a r e d in it a r e in a m o o d for h a p p y r e t r o s p e c t i v e . N o scrious proposal is m a d e t o
i m i t a t e t h e c u s t o m of t h e J e w i s h ye;«.r of jubilee, w h e n t h e s l a v e s w e r e frced, :iil d e b t s forg i v e n , a n d t h e laiul r e s t o r e d t o the p e o p l e , a n d
h e n c e t h e g r e a t m a j o r i t y of t h e p e o p i e m a y
n o t p a r t i c i p a t e w i t h e n t h u s i a s m in t h e r e j c i c iug, of w h i c h t h e L o n d o n p a p e r s a r e s o f ulk
P o l i t i c s i s t r o u b l c s o m e d e s p i t e t h e jubilee.
The L i b e r a l s a r e c o n t e u t a n d biding their time.
T h e Tories a n d A s s i s t a n t Tories h a v e n o t y e t
r e c o v c r e d f r o m their c o u s t e r n a t i o n o v e r t h e
uuexiHJCted r e t i r e m e u t of L o r d
Randolph
Churchill f r o m t h e ministry. This c o n s t e r n a tion is i u c r e a s e d b y t h e y o u n g man's t h r e a t t o
e x p l a i u f u l l y in p a r l i a m c n t h i s o b j e c t i o u t o t h e
war and naval estimate, which w a s assigned
by him a s a r e a s o n for retiring from t h e minist r y . H e iusists t h a t it w a s n o t b e c a u s e of unwiliingness to make necessary additions that
he p r o t e s t e d , but Iwcause a v e r y l a r g e portion
of t h e fund a l r e a d y a p p r o p r i a t e d is u s e d t o
support l a z y superninneraries in f a t sineeures
i n s l e a d of for t h e p u r c h a s e of g u u s a n d o t h e r
man-kiliing a p p a r a t u s . A n y projMsal t o a v ort
t h e storm" by m a k i n g oveftiures t o Churchill
w e r e ho w l e d d o w n by the o l d e r Tories, h o w e v e r . a u d t h e rcv.tlt is t h a t Ijord S a l i s b u r y h a s
c a l l e d Mr. G o s e h e n , op.e oi" t h e Libe.ral d e s e r t ers, i n t o t h e c a b i n e t a s c h a n c e l l o r of t h e e x c h e q u e r . T h u s the c o a l i t i o n is a t l a s t f o r m e d .
Things are not working smoothly, however,
a s t h e r e c o n s t r u c t i o n of t h e cabinet is i m p e d c d
by T o r y j e a l o u s y of Mr. G o s e h e n . Mr. G l a d s t o u e r e i e r s t o Mr. Cliamberlain's B i r m i u g h a m sj>eech a s a n u t t e r a n c e t h a t i m g h t t o
o p e n t h e w a y for a n a g r e e m e n t b e t w e c u t h e
o p p o s i n g s e e t i o n s of t h e Liberal p a r t y . P a r l i a m e u t h a s b e e n p r o r o g u e d until J a n . 27.
T h e t r o u b l e s e x p e r i e n c e d b}' t h e T o r y minist r y h a v e h a d t h e effeot of i n t e r r u p t i n g t h e e n thusiastic c a m p a i g n of suppression in I r e l a u d ,
on w h i c h it h a d j u s t e n t e r e d . N o w t h a t t h e
d e s e r t i n g L i b e r a l s h a v e j o i n c d t h e Tories o n a
p l a t f o r m of rcfusing j u s t i c c t o I r e l a n d , p e r h a p s c o c r e i o n wfli be a c t i v e l y r c s u m c d . T h u s
far t h e T o r y effort h a s a c c o m p l i s l i e d little
m o r e t h a n t o c h a n g e t h e t i m e for p a y i n g r e n t s
t o t h e " t r u s t e e s " u n d e r the " n e w pinn " f r o m
d a y t o uight. Mr. Dillon has, o n t h e a d v j e c of
t h e A r c h b i s h o p of Dublin a n d o t h e r s , g i v e n
bail, a n d patriotie E n g l i s h m e n a r e a l a r m e d by
t h e s p e c t a c l e of patriotie Irishmeii a t l a r g e .
T e n a n t dissatisfaction t h r e a t e n s t o e x t e n d t o
U l s t e r , w h e r e t h e super-patriotie Irishmeii of
English and Scotch extraction have discove r e d t h a t t h e C a t h o l i c t e n a n t s of the o t h e r
p r o v i u c e s h a v e , b y raising a ro w . s e e u r c d
t w i c e t h e r e d u c t i o n iu r e n t t h a t h a s been off e r e d t o t h e U l s t e r m e n for k e e p i n g t h e p e a c e ,
blessing t h e q u e e n a n d d a m u i u g t h e pope.
T h e T o r i e s t e l l e a c h o t h e r t h a t if G l a d s t o n e
c a n o n l y be k e p t o u t of p o w e r for t w o m o r e
y e a r s his political a c t i v i t y w i l l be e n d e d a n d
t h a t all d a n g e r of Irish i n d e p c n d e n c e will
t h e n l>e a t a n e n d . M e a n w h i l e t h e g r a n d o l d
m a n h a s j u s t e e l e b r a t e d his s e v e n t y - s e v e n t h
b i r t h d a y a n d lboks a s f r e s h a s a d a i s y .
T h e r e is t a l k in E n g l a n d of i m p o s i n g a t a x
of £ 5 a y e a r on all f o r e i g n e r s w o r k i n g in t h e
c o u n t r y . T h e t a x is s p e c i l i c a l l y a i m e d a t t h e
G e r m a n s , w h o are b e c o m i n g q u i t e n u m e r o u s a s
h o t e l w a i t e r s . T h e jiroj>osal is pojiular w i t h
n a t i v e E n g l i s h w o r k m e n , w h o s e c in it a
promise of p r o t e c t i o u t o E n g l i s h labor.
In F r a n c e the p a t e h e d - u p G o b l c t m i n i s t r y
still h o l d s t a g e t h e r , a n d the tolk in g o v e r n i n g
c i r c l e s is of w a r . A t his N e w Y e a r ' s r e e e p t i o n Mr. G o b l c t , in r e s p o n s e t o t h e expressinn
of a hope for p e a c e by some brokers, said t h a t
w h i l e n o b o d y k n o w s of a n y t h i n g t h a t justities
a n x i e t y , F r a n c e w a s r e a d y a n d n e e d no%
f e a r w a r . T h e a r m y is in fighting m o o d , a n d
t h e e x p c c t a t i o n is g e n e r a l t h a t w a r m u s t
shortly come. The only people w h o comprch e n d t h a t F r a n c e , like e v e r y o t h e r c o u n t r y ,
has a g r e a t d e a l t o f e a r from w a r a r e t h e
Socialists, w h o r e p r e s e n t those w h o m u s t beo o m c t a r g e t s for the e n e m y ' s cannon. A n t i d i
B o y e r , a S o e i a l i s t deputy-, i n t e n d s t o offer a
proposal for t h e g e n e r a l «Usanning of E u r o p e
a t t u e n e x t session of t h e c h a m b e r . S o e i a l i s t
r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s in t h e G e r m a n R e i c h s t a g will
m a k e similar p r o p o s a l s , but n o one s u p p o s e s
t h a t sueh efforts will h a v e a n y elFeef. The
t r a d e of w h o l e s a l e m u r d e r will eontinue to
flourish
in E u r o p e until t h e m a s s e s of the
people have the intelligenee to understand
w h s t it m e a n s for thorn, a n d h a v e a l s o t h e
p o w e r t o put an e n d t o it. M c a n w h i l c Paris,
t h a t is, t h e P a r i s r e p r e s e n t c d b y t h e l e a d i n g
n e w s p a p e r s , is g a v as e v e r , t h o u g h t l e s s a n d
c a r e l e s s of t h e humble hornes t o w h i c h w a r
brings desolation and woe.
H e r r Tisza, t h e H u n g a r i a n prime minister,
d e c l a r e d on N e w Y e a r ' s d a y t h a t t h e g o v e r n
m e n t a d h e r e s t o t h e p o l i c y c o n c e r n i n g Bulgaria and the Eastern policy already emmc i a t e d b y himseif a n d C o u n t K a l n o k y .
He
said t h a t , n o t w i t h s t a n d i n g t h e f a c t t h a t all of
the E u r o p e a n s t a t e s h a v e bcen a r m i n g since
t h e original p r o c l a m a t i o n of this policy w a s
m a d e , t h e g o v e r n m e n t of A u s t r i a - I I u n g a r y
s e e s n o t h i n g in t h e e x i s t i n g situation t o diminish i t s hope t h a t p e a c e c a n be p r e s e r v e d . I t
will e n d e a v o r by e v e r y m e a n s t o p r e s e r v e
>eace so l o n g a s the vital interest.s or the
lonor of t h e c o u n t r y a r e not jeopardizcd.
Like all of t h e o t h e r f e c e n t professi<<ns of t h e
s a m e c h a r a c t e r , this c o n t a i n s within it the
suggestion that w a r m a y become necessary.
t
The powerful European syndicate known as
the "Rothschild group" has decided against
a n o t h e r loan t o Russia, a n d it s e e m s n o w
probable t h a t i f t h e c r a z y c z a r w a n t s w a r he
will h a v e t o p a y its e x p e n s e s a s it g o e s a l o n g .
This is probubly Impossible, a n d the a c t i o n of
the money kings m a y preserve peace.
T h e belief is g r o w i n g g e n e r a l in E u r o p e t h a t
the czar has become crazy, and hence no ext r a v a n t a c t i o n o n t h e p a r t of Russiti will surprise t h e o t h e r p o w e r s . The o u t o c r a t ' s m a l
a d v is l i k e l y t o be i n c r e a s c d by t h e r e p o r t s of
r e n e w e d a c t i v i t y by t h e Nihilists.
A Cestiy Business.
Philadelphia Press.
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I t c o s t s E u r o p e $1,000,000,000 a y e a r to^keep
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BEFORE 4ND AFTER.
c o m m e n d a t i o n , f r o m t h e e x t r e m e of d e p r e c i a tion before, t o t h e e x t r e m e of a d u l a t i o n after,
c a n n o t be seen w i t h o u t pain. If w e w e r e siuT h e r e w a s a n i n c i d e n t a t t e n d i n g t h e r e c e n t c e r e b e f o r e , c a n w e be d e e m e d sincere a f t e r ?
d i n n e r of t h e N e w E n g l a n d S o c i e t y in N e w More t h a n this, w e s h o u l d g r a v e l y c o n s i d e r
Y o r k , w h i c h b r o u g h t w i t h it m a n y t h o u g h t s . o t h e r c o u s e q u e n c e s t h a t m u s t c o m e f r o m t h e
T h e president, J u d g e Russell, in e l o q u e n t , g e n - r e c e n t r e v o l t s of t h e p e o p l e in their political
t l c w o r d s , m a d e m e u t i o n of t h o s c m e m b e r s of a c t i o n a g a i n s t t h e influcnce of t h o s e w h o h a v e
led. a u d w h o w h e n inspired by c a n d o r a u d
the society w h o h a d passed a w a y during the
wisdoni, m i g h t a g a i n l e a d t h e people. W o u l d
preceding year, gentlemen, whose virtues aud
it not be a s t e p iu return t o t h a t h i g h possibila c h i e v e m e n t s held t h e m w o r t h y of r e v c r e n t ity, an a d v a n c e t o w a r d the re-establishmeut
r e m e m b r a n c e by all w h o v a l u e d t h e e x a m p l e of a n inllueuce, w h o s e d e c a d e n c e all m u s t reof s e l f - d e n y m g citizenship. The m o s t n o t a b l e g r e t , t o a v o i d , in d e a l i n g w i t h our A r t h a r s
of t h e s e d e p a r t e d m e m b e r s w a s e x - P r e s i d e n t a n d L o g a n s , t h e slime a s w e l l a s t h e roses, to
A r t h u r . The c o m p a n y w e r e a s k e d to drink t o J be j u s t t o t h e l i v i n g a s w e a r e m o r e t h a n j u s t
to the d e a d ?
JOH.V R U S S E L L Y"OUXG.
his m e m o r y , a n d tbis w a s d o n e in silence.
W e w e r e c o m i n g upon t h a t h a l l o w e d s e a s o n
w h e n a n e w sunshine s e e m s t o fall u p o n our
hornes, a n d w e a r e t a u g h t by e x a m p l e , a s w e l l
a s b y p r e c e p t , t h e l e s s o n of p e a c e a n d g o o d will, w h e n t h e n a t i o n w a s c a l l e d upon t o
niourn t h e d e a t h of J o h n A . L o g a n . T h e sorr o w f u l strains of t h e funeral m u s i c h a v e
s c a r c e l y d i e d a w a y . W e r e a d tributes in prose
a n d p o e t r y , of g e n e r o u s offerings in r e c o g n i t i o n
of his farne, b r i n g i n g c o m f o r t a n d s u b s t a n c c
t o t h o s e w h o m he h e l d d e a r , but w h o s e c l a i m s
upon him h a d b e e n sacrificed t o public d u t y in
t h e s e n a t e a u d t h e field.
These and other spontaneous honors t o
A r t h u r a n d L o g a n m i g h t u n d e r c h a n g e d eirc u m s t a n c e s be r e g a r c l e d a s d o i n g c r e d i t t o
t h e A m e r i c a n c h a r a c t e r a u d a c c e p t e d , in a
c e r t a i n s e n s e , a t l e a s t , b y a critical w o r l d ,
a s our a n s w e r t o t h e i m p u t a t i o u t h a t republics a r e u n g r a t e f u l .
" T h i s , " w e should like
p r o u d l y t o s a y , "is our w a y of a p p r e c i a t i n g
t h o s e w h o s e r v e t h e s t a t e . Ribbons, s t a r s ,
estates, diguities descending from generation
to generation, gorgeous tombs, pageantry,
titles, p o w e r , m a y i l l u s t r a t e t h e o b l i g a t i o u s
of E n g l a n d t o W e l l i n g t o n a u d t h e h o m a g e of
F r a n c e t o s u n d r y m e m b e r s of t h e h o u s e of
B o n a p a r t e . E n g l a n d ' s e s t i m a t e of N e l s o n is
f o u n d in a n e a r i d o m a n d a p e n s i o n ; A m c r i c a ' s
e s t i m a t e of J a c k s o n is s e e u in t h e number of
p o s t o i l i e e s u a m e d a f t e r him." O n e r e c o m p e n s e , w e m i g h t a d d in our m o o d of selffelicitation, is a s m u c h v a l u e d a s t h e o t h e r
w h e n w e r e c a l l t h e sacrifiees m a d e b y t h e
b r a v e s t a n d b e s t of our p e o p l e for a n e m b l e m
c a l l e d t h e fiag, a n d s u e h farne a s Qnds e x prcssion iu p o s t a g e - s t a m p d e c o r a t i o n s a n d
banknote
cngravings.
This
appreciation
m i g h t b e a j u s t o n e if w e d i d n o t k n o w t h a t
in t h e s o u l s of N e l s o n a n d F a r r a g u t , h i g h
a b o v c s h a d o w y or m a t e r i a l r e w a r d s , w a s a
patriotie devotion to the nation they served,
a u d w h i c h t h e y w o u l d h a v e s e r v e d , a s t r u l y if
h o n o r s a n d r e w a r d s w e r e a s insubstantial a s
a dream.
B u t w h i l e t h e flowers w h i c h t h e n a t i o n
threw o v e r the pall of Arthur and L o g a n
h a v e s c a r c e l y f a d c d , a n d t h e n e w grief
i n s p i r e d b y their loss is still fresh, t h e r e is
another sentiment among the many now
tinding a s a d e x p r e s s i o n , bringing i t s o w n
reflections. If A r t h u r a n d L o g a n a r e t o - d a y
in their c h a r a c t e r , a n d in t h e l e s s o n w h i c h tiiat
c h a r a c t e r must, i m p r e s s upon our sons, all t h a t
w e a r e a s k e d t o b e l i e v e in a t h o u s a n d n e w s p a p e r s a u d by m e n of e v e r y p a r t y , w h a t
w e r e t h e y y e s t e r d a y ? I t is w e l l t h a t p a s s i o n
should be hushed a t t h e g r a v e a u d t h a t g e n e r o u s s e n t i m e n t s should be g i v e n t o t h e d e a d .
But while w e d o honor to the d e a d should w e
not do justice to the living ?
There w a s not a g e n t l e m a n ;vho r o s e in a n s w e r t o P r e s i d e n t R u s s e l P s recognition of the
m e m o r y of Mr. A r t h u r w h o d i d n o t k n o w t h e
t r u e c h a r a c t e r of t h e e x - p r e s i d e n t a y e a r a g o ,
a s w e l l a s it is k n o w n n o w . T h a t the ex-president w a s a gentleman w h o s e personal charact e r w a s b e y o u d r e p r o a c h , of singular p u r i t y
of m i u d ' a n d d i g n i t y of b e a r i n g ; his life in
N e w York, where he w a s esteemed long before t h e v i s i o n of his s u p r e m e d e s t i n y o p e n e d ,
e v e n t o t h e p r o u d e s t a n d d e a r e s . t friendships—
a true life, s o f a r a s w e c o u l d k n o w it, k n o w i n g him a s counselor, c o m p a n i o n a n d f r i e n d ;
a s f a r ar* w e c o u l d s e e it, in t h o s e s a c r e d a s p e e t s , w h i c h c o m e from a pure a n d p e r f e e t
h o m e . T h e r e w a s n o one in t h a t c o m p a n y w h o
d i d not k n o w a y e a r a g o , a s w e l l a s t o - d a y ,
t h a t the e x - p r e s i d e n t , in his public duttes, beg i n n i n g w i t h their h u m b l e s t p e r f o r m a n c e
in N e w Y o r k c i t y , a n d e n d i n g in t h e splendor
of W a s h i n g t o n , w a s g o v e r n e d by s e r e n e , h i g h
c o u r a g e a n d p a t r i o t i s m ; true t o his p a r t y ,
w h e n p a r t y f e a l t y w a s in q u e s t i o n ; true in t h e
highest sen.>e t o the pubhc's w e l f a r e , w i t h o u t
1'egard t o p a r t y , w h e n the p e o p l e c a l l e d upon
him—rising t o e v e r y statiou, c o m m a n d i n g t h e
r e s p e c t of manldnd, by t h e felicity, i n t e g rity a n d ta e t w i t h w h i c h he a c c e p t e d e v e r y
responsibilty.
T h e r e is no o n e a m o n g t h e m u l t i t u d e w h o
s h o w their grief o v e r the bier of L o g a n w h o
d i d not k n o w t h e t r u e c h a r a c t e r of t h a t unique
a n d euiineut w a r r i o r a y e a r a g o , a s well it is
known to-duy. Unique aud eminent among
t h a t c o m p a n y of illustrious m e n upon w h o s e
s w o r d s s o l o n g d e p e n d e d the f a t e of the Union,
t o be h o n o r e d t o the e n d of time a s t h e s a v i o r s
of the Union, L o g a n w a s a t y p e of a heroic
cia ss—a soldicr of t h e people. F o r t u n e g a v e
him none of t h o s e a d v a u t a g e s w h i c h disciplined t h e g e n i u s of G r a n t a n d Lee, H e h a d no
sueh b a c k g r o u n d t o his m i l i t a r y c a r e e r which,
in the U n i t e d S t a t e s , a t least, can o n l y be found
in W e s t Point. The son of au Irish e m i g r a n t ,
t h r o w n a s a l a d into t h e s e v e r e conditious of
prairie life ; a soldier iu hLs b o y h o o d , re-enteri n g the. a r m y w h e n the ei vil w » r b e g a n , a u d
i i g h t i n g '.''s w a v f r o m t h e l o w e s t t o t h e h i g h e s t
station, in m a u y respect-. t h e m o s t picturesque
d e v e l o p m e n t a m o n g the g r e a t m e n of our w a r .
The p r i v a t e soldier iu M e x i c o b e c a u i e a g e n e r a l
c o m m a n d i n g in Tennessee.,. Sueh a c a r e e r all
A m e r i e a n s w h o v a l u e t h e i n h e r e n t litness of
their iustitutions for e v e r y form of i a t e l l e e t u a l
d e v e l o p m e n t m u s t cherish a s a p r o u d e x a m p l e
t o their ciiildpen.
True, w e n o w s e e w h a t A r t h u r a n d L o g a n
w e r e to the country. Sorrow becomes ostent a t i o u — e u l o g y l e a n s t o e x t r a v a g a n c e . The
v o i c e s of c a l u n m y a r e n o w v o i c e s of pi-aLsc;—
praise v e r g i n g s o u e a r l y upon h y p c r b o l e a s t o
iuspirc the h a s t y o b s e r v e r w i t h d o u b t s a s t o
its sincerity.
This m a y b e c a l l e d h u m a n nature—political
h u m a n n a t u r e — n o t e x p r e s s l y c h a r a c t e r i s t i c of
our time, but in all a g e s , f r o m t h a t of Belisarius t o t h a t of N a p o l e o n . B u t in trutn d o e s
it aot, e v e n if in s o r r o w w e c o n fess it, t e a c h
a lesson w h i c h s h o u l d be borue in rnind by
t h o s e w h o rcpresent, a n d w h o s e d u t y it is t o
e d u c a t e , public opinion ? The t e n d e n c y t o
s c a t t e r m u d upon m e n like A r t h u r a n d L o g a n
w h e n living, a n d r o s e s upon their a s h e s w h e n
d e a d , d e a d e n s t h e inllueuce of our t e a c h e r s a t
a t i m e w h e n t h a t iniluence m i g h t s e r v e t h e
public g o o d . I s it n o t b e c a u s e of this tlipp a n c y ol" critieism t h a t public o}>inion in n o t a ble c a s e s h a s d r i f t e d from all e s t a b l i s h c d l e a d
ership, g o i n g in o b s t i n a c y a n d s o m e t i m e s in
b l i n d n e s s i t s o w n w a y , h e e d l e s s of a d v i c e a n d
e u t r c a t y ? E v e n a p a t i e n t people wili iu t i m e
g r o w w e a r y of insincerity, f r i v o h t y , the petui a n c e of political discussion a n d t h e ammosities of political l e a d e r s . W e shall then see
p l i e n o m e n a like w h a t w a s secn in N e w Y o r k
last autumn, when a private gentleman, without m o n e y , inllueuce or o r g a n i z a t i o n , a p p c a l ing to the p h i l o s o p h y a n d n o t the p a s s i o u s of
his f e l l o w citizens, a n t a g o n i z e d by t h e press,
the m o s t p o w e r f u l h i e r a r c h y iu Christendom,
t h e m o s t p o t e n t a g e n c i e s of s o c i e t y a n d capit a l , by intluences w h i c h , w e l l d i r c c t c d , the
p e o p l e should acce])t a s their guide, could
create and devciop a movcment which carried
t o t h e polls s i x t y - e i g h t t h o u s a n d v o t c s . T h a t
m o v c m e n t w a s a r e v o l u t i o n of pubiic opinion
a g a i n s t e v e r y a g e n c y by w h i c h u n d e r proper
c o n d i t i o n s public opinion should be g o v e r n e d .
This a n d o t h e r p h e n o m e n a , s o m e , perhaps,
m u c h t o be r e g r e t t c d , w e shali s e e a g a i n — s o
l o n g a s our p r e a e h e r s in the p r e s s a n d on t h e
h u s t i n g s p r e a c h their g o s p e l of trilling a n d insincerity.
The c o n t r a s t w h i c h a i e w short
m o n t h s , e v e n vreeks, has s h o w n in t h e t r e a t m e n t of m e n like A r t h u r a n d L o g a n — t h e
C00KERY IN PUBLIC SCH00LS.
In Boston and some p r o S T e s ^ e western
c i t i e s m a n u a l t r a i n i n g for b o y s a n d s e w i n g f o r
g i r l s is a d m i t t e d t o t h e public school s y s t e m
of instruction. N e w Y"ork h a s y e t t o so far
m o d i f y t h e p r e v a i l i n g m e t h o d s of tuition a s
t o rank w i t h t h e s e p l a e e s in m e e t i n g t h e p o p u d e m a n d for p r a c t i c a l instruction.
The t i m e h a s p a s s e d w h e n t h e m a j o r i t y of
public school pupils c o m e from a c l a s s w h o s e
social a s p i r a t i o n s a n d desire for culture e x c e c d t h e limit of their. finances, A q u a r t e r of
a century ago parents m a y h a v e desired that
their d a u g h t e r s s h o u l d a c q u i r e a t public e x p e n s e a d e g r e e of e d u c a t i o n a l p o l i s h t h a t t h e y
c o u l d not afford t o s e c u r e p r i v a t e ly. I t is
possible n o w that sueh aspirations m a y prevail t o a l i m i t e d e x t e n t s o f a r a s s o m e g r a m m a r school pupils
are
concerned.
But
t h e n u m b e r is s m a l l w h o a t t a i n a n y profic i e u c y iu s u e h a c c o m p l i s h m e n t s , or w h o p r o l o n g s c h o l a s t i c life far e n o u g h t o e n t e r t h e
normal school w i t h the p u r p o s e of b e c o m i n g
t e a c h e r s . A s m a t t e r i n g of superficiai e d u c a tional g r a c e s m a y be c a l l e d for b y a s m a l l
p e r e e n t a g e of t h e m a s s of public s c h o o l a t t e n d a n t s w h o e o n t i n u e their s t u d i e s b e y o u d
t h e a g e of t w e l v e o r t l u r t e e n y e a r s . This inc o m p l e t e m e n t a l g a r n i s h i n g is all v e r j ' w e l l s o
f a r a s it g o e s , but t h e f a c t m u s t be c o n s i d e r e d
t h a t m o r e t h a n t h r e e - f o u r t h s of t h e pupils of
both s c x e s leav<* school a t t h e e a r l i e s t a g e
w h e n they can begin to earn money.
W e s h o u l d d c s p i s e a n e n s i g n or a l i e u t e n a n t
in t h e a r m y if, instea:l of a t t e n d i n g t o t h e
d u t i e s of his position, he o c c u p i e d h i m s e i f i n
c o n t e m p l a t i n g t h e d e l i g h t s of g e n e r a l s h i p a n d
p r a y i u g to t h e c o m m a n d e r - i n - c h i e f t o m a k e
him a g e n e r a l . T h e commander-in-chief, t o o ,
i f he were a wise man, would probably g i v e
him a r a t h e r v i g o r o u s a n s w e r , a n d tell h u n
t h a t the w a y t o b e c o m e a g e n e r a l w a s t o d o
his d u t y in his p r e s e n t position.
In like m a n n e r , w e o u g h t t o d e s p i s e a n y m a n
who, instead of faithfully performing the
d u t i e s of this life, d'.vells upon t h e g l o r i e s a n d
d e l i g h t s of t h e future life, a n d o c c u p i e s his
t i m e p r a y i n g t o G o d t o g i v e him a h i g h p l a c e ,
f r e e fr: »m ca re, in t h a t life. If G o d s p o k e in
a n s w e r to s u e h p r a y e r s w e n e e d n o t d o u b t bufe
he w o u l d s a y t h a t t h e w a y t o s e c u r e a p l a c e
in t h e l u g h e r life. w o u l d be b y p e r f o r m i n g o u r
d u t y faithfully in this. I t is, i n d e e d , a p i e c e
of the purest c h a r l a t a n r y t o t r y t o m a k e
m e u b e l i e v e a n y t h i n g e l s e t h a n t h a n this.
' : T h o u h a s t b e e n faithful o v e r a f e w t h i n g s ; I
w i l l m a k e t h e e ruler o v e r nwiry t h i n g s . " T h a t
i s t h e d i v i n e law : of life.
I t f o l l o w s t h a t all e d u c a t i o n s h o u l d b e e d u c a t i o n f o r this life ; since, if i t i s l i v e d w e l l ,
t h e n e x t will t a k e c a r e of itself. T h e s o l e e n d
of e d u c a t i o n o u g h t t o be t o p r o d u c e m e n c a p a b l e of p e r f o r m i n g w e l l a l l t h e d u t i e s of t b i s
life—men rich in i n t e l l i g e n e e , s y m p a t h y a n d
helpfulness; men with free heads, free hearts
a n d free hands. W e ought so t o instruct our
y o u n g citizens t h a t t h e y shall b e a b l e t o m a k e
a l i v e l i h o o d w i t h o u t b e i n g f o r c e d t o seil t h e i r
labor tt> a n y one, a n d w i t h o u t b e i n g d e p r i v e d
of all m e a n s a n d opi>ortunity f o r s e l f - e u l t i v a tion a n d t h e noble e n j o y m e n t of life ; t h a t
t h e y shall l o v e t h i n g s a c c o r d i n g t o their t r u e
w o r t h , a n d n o t be s u b j e c t t o s u e h d e g r a d i n g '
d e s i r e s a s l o v e of w e a l t h , f a s h i o n , d i s p l a y ,
r i o t o u s l i v i n g a n d fear of public opinion ; t h a t
t h e y shall think f r e e l y a n d b o k i l y , w i t h o u t
a n y r e g a r d t o priest or p a g a n . O n l y m e n w h o
d o this a r e lit citizens f o r a f r e e , p r o g r e s s i v e
rex-tubJie.
Tried b y t h i s s t a n d a r d , our p r e s e n t s y s t e m s
of e d u c a t i o n , public a n d p r i v a t e , a r e m i s e r ably lacking.
The r e a l issue, then, i s t o m a k e t h e e a r l i e r
Despite the fact that w e pride ourselves so
g r a d e s of public s c h o o l e d u c a t i o n s e r v i c e a b l e m u c h o n o u r e d u c a t i o n a l s y s t e m , a n d p a y '
t o t h e g r e a t e s t number of pupils. Other of s u e h e n o r m o u s s u m s for i t s support, it i s i n a
t h e o l d e r c o u n t r i e s s e t u s t h e e x a m p l e of in- v e r y l a r g e cfegree a m e r e p i e c e of s h o w a n d
d u s t r i a l t r a i n i n g , a n d s o o n e r or l a t e r w e m u s t s h a m , b o t h - i n m a t t e r a n d in m c t h o d , a n d
f o l l o w it. The o b j e c t i o n t h a t sueh t r a i n i n g i s l e a d s t o s o m e of t h e m o s t l a m e n t a b l c r e s u l t s .
n o t feasible in o u r o r d i n a r y public s c h o o l - In m a t t e r , it is a c o n f u s e d , u n o r g a n i z e d h e a p
rooms, e v e n t o t h e d e t a i l s of c o o k e r y , h a s of m e d i æ y u l religious p r e j u d i c e s a u d m o d e m
utilitarianisms; in m e t h o d , it i s a m i x t u r e of
been set aside by actual performance.
f
ormality and sentmientality. Its restdts are
A s long a g o a s 1878 t h e M o n t r e a l b o a r d of
a
condition of public i n t e l l i g e n e e of w h i c h t h e
school c o m m i s s i o n e r s h a d suecessful ly intropopuiar,
gossiping, vulgar newspaper is the
d u c e d s e w i n g in girls' s e h o o l s , a u d e n g a g e d m c
m
o
s
t
fitting
i n d e x , a n d an eeont^inic a n d
t o p r a c t i c a l l y iustruct t h e g r a d u a t i n g c l a s s of
m
o
r
a
l
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n that are threatening the v e r y
the high s c h o o l in d o m c s t i c e c o n o m y . I n 1879
basis
of
o
u
r
national
life. I t untits a l a r g e
a n u m b e r of g r a d u a l e s of t h e W a s h i n g t o n
portion
of
our
p
e
o
p
l
e
for
h o n e s t w o r k ; it e n n o r m a l school a t t e n d e d m y l e e t u r e s in W a s h c
o
u
r
a
g
e
s
v
a
n
i
t
y
a
i
u
l
l
o
v
e
cf
show, and breeds
i n g t o n , D. C , u n d e r t h e p e r s o n a l s u p e r v i s i o n
a
spirit
of
seilish
e
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
.
I t utterly fails
of t h e s u p e r i n t e n d e n t of public s e h o o l s of t h a t
t
o
tit
t
h
e
l
o
w
e
r
c
l
a
s
s
o
f
t
h
e
community to
city.
In 1880 t h e c o n s u l - g e n e r a l of F r a n c e
e
a
r
n
an
i
n
d
e
p
e
n
d
e
n
t
a
n
d
h
o
n
e
s
t
livelihood, t o
in N e w 'York, by t h e d i r e e t i o n of t h e h o m e
resist
the
v
u
l
g
a
r
ambifcions
a
n
d
v
a
nities of t h e
g o v e r n m e n t , a p p l i e d for m y published w o r k s
c
l
a
s
s
c
s
a
b
o
v
e
t
h
e
m
,
a
u
d
t
o
p
e
rform their
a n d t h e d e t a i l s of m y s y s t e m of instruction,
d
u
t
i
e
s
a
s
citizens
a
t
t
h
e
polls.
I
t
leaves our
w i t h t h e d e s i g n of u s i n g both in the g o v e r n youug men and young women without a n y
m e n t s e h o o l s of F r a n c e . F i v e y e a r s later, in
comjjrehensibn of t h e social a n d p o l i t i c a l instiCalifornia, t h e s u b j e c t w a s t h o r o u g h l y c a n t u t i o n s u n d e r w h i c h t h e y l i v e , a n d of t h e i r
v a s s e d by t h e O a k l a n d b o a r d of e d u c a t i o n ,
d u t y t o w a r d t h e s e institutions. I n a w o r d , it
w h i c h b o d y s e n t o n e of its m e m b e r s e a s t t o
is a n e d u c a t i o n t h a t in e v e r y w a y f a v o r s t h e
i n v e s t i g a t e all s e h o o l s w h e r e indur,trial e d u c a d e s i g n s of d i s h o n e s t p o l i t i c i a n s , ambitious
tion w a s in o p e r a t i o n . A t t h e i n s t i n c e of t h e
m o n o p o l i s t s a n d g e n e r a l l y of s o c i a l v a i n p i r e s .
b o a r d I m a d e d e m o n s t r a t i o n of t h e possibility
of t e a c h i n g c o o k e r y in t h e o r d i n a r y s c h o o l Our p o p u i a r e d u c a t i o n requires t o b e o v e r r o o m , a u d a t e a c h e r w a s t r a i n e d t o e o n t i n u e h a u l e d f r o m t h e v e r y f o u n d a t i o n , a n d a sy&i
t h e instruction. l n t h e s t u d y of doraestie e c o n - t e m introducefl. w h i c h shall t r a m m e n a n d
o m y , p e r h a p s , m o r e t h a n iu a n y o t h e r bra rich w o m e n t o think for t h e m s e l v e s a n d t o r e s i s t
of e d u c a t i o n , s u c c e s s d e p e n d s upon the indi- e v e r y a t t e m p t of p r i e s t c r a f t , f a s h i o n o r c a p i v i d u a l i t y of t h e t e a c h e r , t h e c o n d i t i o n s being t a l t o e n s l a v e t h e m . A t p r e s e n t t h e l a r g e
c a p a c i t y t o sustaiu the first e n t h u s i a s m of t h e m a s s of our f e l l o w citizens a r e t h e b o u d s l a v e s '
pupils t h r o u g h o u t the d e t a i l of p r a e t i c c a n d of all t h e t h r e e , -and h a r d l y k n o w t h a t t h e y
a b i i i t y t o i m p a r t t h e m o s t absolutt: scientific a r e s l a v e s , s o e t u i m n g l y d o t h e i r o p p r e s s o r s
p r i n c i p l e s i u a c l e a r a n d p r a c t i c a l manner. In blind t h e m w i t h a. f a l s e s h o w of e d u c a t i o n ,
1885 the P u b l i c E d u c a t i o n a s s o c i a t i o n of P h i l a - w h i c h in m a n y w a y s is w o r s e t h a n n o e d u c a d e l p h i a (under t h e g u i d a n c e of Mrs. W e i r - tion a t all. M o s t of o u r p e o p i e a r e s i i l y
Mitchell, Miss P e n d l e t o n a n d Miss Meredith) e n o u g h t o b e l i e v e t h a t b e c a u s e t h i s e d u c a t i o n
a r r a n g c d w i t h t h e local b o a r d of e d u c a t i o n for c o s t s a g r e a t d e a l it m u s t n e e e s s a r i l y b e
t e s t l e s s o n s iu c o o k e r y , w h i c h I g a v e iu the g o o d . C o u l d a n y t h i n g in t h e w o r l d be m o r e
P h i l a d e l p h i a normal school t o t h e c h e m i s t r y c h a r a c t e r i s t i c i E x p e n s e a u d s h o w a r e t h e
c l a s s of t h e t h i r d y e a r . D e t a i l s of w o r k , eluci- B A E L a n d A s h t a r o t h of t h e A m e r i c a n p e o p l e ;
d a t i n g s o m e f u n d a m e n t a l princtples of the y e a , t h e y a r e t h e d o u b l e M o l o c h t o w h i c h the
s c i e n c e of d o m e s t i c e c o n o m y , w e r e s u e c e s s - souls LI ml bodies of our children a r e sacrificed.
f u l l y i l l u s t r a t e d by pupils t å k e n a t r a n d o m A u e n d m u s t be p u t to thts g r e a t s h a m . W e
f r o m t h e c l a s s w i t h o u t p r e v i o u s c o a c h i n g , a n d must not rest until w e e a u o b t a i n f o r all o u r
their w o r k w a s a s p e r f e e t a s t h a t of t r a i n e d p e o p l e a s y s t e m of e d u c a t i o n s u i t e d t o our
e x p e r t s in c o o k e r y .
t i m e a n d n e e d s a n d t h e g r e a t d e s t i n y of our
The possibility of s u e h instruction t h u s c o u n t r y — a n e d u c a t i o n p r o d u c i n g free, noble
pro v e n iu different s e e t i o n s of the c o u n t r y , m e n a n d w o m e n , d e s p i s i n g s h a m a n d show
u n d e r w i d e l y d i v e r s e c i r c u m s t a n c e s , a n d al- a n d c a p a b l e of a n y sacriticu f o r f r e e d o m ,
w a y s w i t h o u t a n y pre\*i«jus t r a i n i n g of the t r u t h aiul right.
pupils, l e a v e s n o g r o u n d for further failure on
T h e r e a r e t h r e e k i n d s of liberty, e c o n o m i c ,
the p a r t of school b o a r d s in g e n e r a l t o aftord m o r a l a n d i n t e l l e c t u a l , a n d n o t o n e of t h e m
pii]>ils the k n o w l e d g e m o r e iu tima t e ly con- is f o s t e r e d by our p r e s e n t e d u c a t i o n . F o r t h e
u e e t e d w i t h their c o m f o r t a n d w e l l - b e i n g t h a n s a k e of tiie iirsr, w e m u s t establish s e h o o l s for
a n y o t h e r a t p r e s e n t t a u g h t . E v e r y w h e r e industfial t n d n i u g , m w h i c h e v e r y bt>y a n d
pupils r e e e i v e t h e instruction e n t h u s i a s t i c a l l y , girl shall be inst ri: et e d in tiie a r t of earning
b o y s being q u i t e a s aj)t s c h o l a r s a s girls. P a - an i n d e p e n d e n t living. For t h e s a k e of the
r e n t s a p p r o v e it a s soon a s t h e y c o m p r e h e n d s e c o n d , «me m u s t introtluce into our p r e s e n t
its jiractical n a t u r e , k n o w i n g , a s m a n y of sehools a s y s t e m of m o r a l t r a i n i n g c a l c u l a t e d
t h e m d o , t h a t t h e c v e r y - d a y eonditioius of life to tire t h e h e a r t a u d d i r e e t tiie w i l l — a s y s t e m m m a n y t>f their hornes is u s u a l l y f a t a l t o s y s - t e a c h i n g by noble e x a m u i e s , a n d not b y b a l d
t e m a u d p e r f e c t i o n in h o u s e h o l d o p c r a t i o n s .
ruk-s or t h r e a t e n i n g s u p e r n a t u r a l s a n c t i o n s .
The lack of l i g h t a n d t h e s c a n t s u p p l y of F o r the s a k e of i h e third, w e m u s t i n t r o d u c e
w a t e r a b o v e the s e c o n d tloor in m o s t t e n e - | a careful t r a i n i n g of t h e i n t e l l i g e n e e in t h e
m e n t h o u s e s a r e s e r i o u s o b s t a c l e s t o ncat- i l o v e of truth a n d in the best m e t h o d s o f
ness. A f r e q u e n t c o m m e n t d u r i n g c o o k i u g f r e a c h i n g it—a training from w h i c h all t h a t i s
lessoL.* «riven a m o n g w o r k i n g p e o p l e is o n e of d f g m a t i e a n d imiatelligibU: is r i g o r o u s i y e x surprise aL tlie a b s e n c e of d i r t a n d disorder. e l u d e d . N a v more, from onr e d u c a t i o n , w e
If no h e t t e r result w e r e a t t a i u e d t h a n the must, o n c e f o r all, e x c i u d e all r i v a l r y , all
s p r e a d i n g of thv. g o s p e l of c l e a n l i n e s s a n d seilish e m u l a t i o n , all s h o w s a n d public exhis a n i t a r y living, t h e p r o p e r t e a c h i n g o( cookbiLions. The l a s t a r e n o t o n l y foolish, but
e r y iu the public s e h o o l s w o u l d p r o v e an in- absolut e l v tlemoralizing a n d w i c k e d . L e t t h e
c a l c u l a b l e b l e s s i n g t o the c o n m i u n i t \ a t l a r g e . w o r k i n g m e n . let all t h e l o v e r s o f f r e e d o m
S e t t i n g a s i d e tlris possible a d v a n t a g e , the i a n d of their c o u n t r y t a k e t h i s m a t t e r t o
f a c t should be borue iu m i n d t h a t t h o r o u g h j h e a r t a n d insist upon a s y s t e m of public e d u h o m e t r a i n i n g in t h i s c o u n t r y s e e m s t<j be put ! c a t i o n t h a t shali be g e n u i n e , eulightening" a n d
o u t of t h e question by s o m e intluences in- j e l e v a t i n g , i n s t e a d of o n c t h a t is a m e r e
separable
from
the m o d e
of life pre- [ c o s t l y s h a m a n d a n i n s t r u m e n t of oppression
vailing
among
working
people.
Even : and degradatioii.
if
the
house-mother
has
retained
the j
A w a y w i t h t h e p r e s e n t f a r r a g o of m e abiiity
from
her
own
early
t r a i r - n g | diaiivalism, m a t e r i a l i s m , f o r m a l i t y ,
senti— a s m a n y m o t h e r s of G e r m a n e x t r a c t i o n i m e n t a l i t y a n d v a i u s h o w ! L e t it g i v e p l a c e ,
h a v e — s h e m u s t be a strict disciplinarian in- j U> an o r g a n i c s y s t e m of e m i c a t i o n , t r a i n i n g
d e e d w h o c a n o v e r c o m e the a d v e r s e iullueuecs i tiie w h o l e b.uman c r e a t u r c , b o d y , soul a n d
her d a u g h t e r s m e e t a m o n g their a s s o c i a t e s in I spirit ; hand, heart a n d h e a d , t-> harm->ny, t o
t h e s t r e e t s , in t h e w o r s h o p s or beliiud t h e s t o r e [ f r e e d o m , t o purity, t o unsidlishnc^s, t o h e l p c o u n t e r s , a n d , w o r s t of all, m t h e public i fuiuesj», t o w o r k in all v.ays.
s e h o o l s a s n o w c o n d u c t e d , w h e r e bouks a n d j
THOMAS DAVXDSOS.
book-learning e a s t a t r a d i t i o n a l slur upun
e v e r y kind of mercl\ T m a n u a l labor.
Gti.s for S l u . T t i o n s a n d .
The m a j o r i t y of y o u n g w o m e n a n d g i r l s
A c o m m i t t c e c o m p o s e d of W i l l i a m S e l l e r s ,
w h o l e a v e t h e public s e h o o l s t o e n t e r fact o r i e s a n d s t o r e s h a v e a pro found e o n t e m p t Jcel J. B a i l e y , J o h n H u n t e r a n d o t h e r w e a l t h y
f o r d o m e s t i c w o r k of a n y sort, w h i l e t h e iittle business m e u of IJh';Ia>ieI{»hia, p r o t e s t e d r e l e a n i i n g t h e y h a v e acquireil is w h o l l y in- contiy a g a i n s t s e i l i n g or leasing t h e g a s w o r k s
a d e q u a t e t o tit t h e m f o r e a r n i u g m o n e y iu of t h a t c i t y t o p r i v a t e parties. T h e y insist
a n y pursuit t h a t d e m a n d s intelligi-nt e x e c u - t h a t u n d e r proper c i t y m a n a g e m e n t g a s c a n
tion. ^ o m a t t e r w h e t h e r tlicy rcuiain nou- be furnished t o i n d i v i d u a l s a t >"! a thousand
d o m e s t i e w o r k e r s or w h e t h e r they e v c n t . i a l l y f e e t - w i t h free public Iighting a n d still a porc o m e t o fullii t h e d u t y of w o m a t i h o o d l y be- tion cf Uie protits be left t<> s f t a s i d e a s a sinkc o m i n g w i v c s a n d m o t h e r s , t h e questii.-n is ing fund. P h i l a d e l p h i a h a s m v u w l i t s g a a
e q u a l l y serious a s effecting social a d v a n c e .
worlis for y e a r s , a n d d e s p i t e e n o r m o u s rascalA
s
individual»
t
h
e
y
w
o
u
l
d
live
m
o
r
e
h
e
a
l
t
h
fully a n d c o m f o r t a b l y , a s p a r t of the f a m i l y i i t y t h e p r i c e s of g a s thero h a s g e u e n d l y b e e n
m o r e usefully, for sucii k n o w l e d g e a s c o u l d l o w e r than iu o t h e r cities.
l e g i t i m a t e i y be i m p a r t e d t o t h e m by a
judicious
e n g a g e m e u t of
the study
of
T h e Caune o f F r e e d o m .
d o m e s t i c e c o n o m y upon t h e existing public
F
R
E
E
D
O
M
still
l i v e s ; o n e d a y she will r e w a r d
school s y s t e m .
All school b o a r d s must, in
him
t h e nature of things, s o o n e r or lat-er y i e l d t o
t h e p a i p a b l e r e q u i r c m e n t s of the p e o p l e for W l i o t r u s t e d in her t h o u g h s h e t a r r i e d l o n g ,
this p r a c t i c a l t r a i n i n g ' w h i c h is sn v i t a l in its W h o held her c r e e d . w a s faithful tdl her
b e a r i n g upon t h e w e l l b e i n g of the b>iie and
coming^
s i n e w of the land, t h e w o r k e r s w h o c r e a t e all -Who for her s a k e s t r e v e , sutfered a n d w a s
t h e e l e m e n t s of n a t i o n a l p r o s p e n t y a n d
strong.
stability.
JULIET Coiwox.
Yea, W h y f
Binshampton, N. Y., Kepubiican.
T h e S y r a c u s e Standard
s a y s a repubbe
" c a n n o t afford t o d e b a r a n y c o n s i d c r a b l c
proportion of its m a l e population from the
ballot bo x. W h y d r a w the line on t h e i : nuile
]X)pulation" w h e n millions of w o m e n a r e hett e r e q u i p p e d f o r suffrage t h a n milUgns of m e n
•milt, •hnddaring ohao£e->irom ralnmny W 1 wtøpotMKifct
.
SHAM EDUCATI0N.
.*'
\
A
She will bring c r o w n s f o r t h o s e w h o l o v e a n d
s^rve h e r ;
I f t h o u can\st live for her, be s a t i s f i e d ;
I f tliou can 1 s t d i e for her, rejoice ! Our brothers
A t l e a s t shall c r o w n our g r a v e s , a n d s a y
i:
These u i e d
B c l i e v i n g in t h e sun, w h e n night w a s b l a c k e s t ,
A n d hy our (LUWA t h e i r faita, i s j u s t i n e d ! "
T « l
T H E S T A N D A R D , S A T U R D A Y , JANTJARY 8, 1887,
WORKERS.
U K E M » RUSH FOR WORK IN FACTORES-PITIFUL SCENES.
O M W M I » B C S C I B * for W « r k
W h r the P—vri
Wcarai
Daaeatic «Service—Lalle* aat
• r C a n U e Orcaaisera.
SK*.-
PH -
fe
<s« s •
r
R
k
r.
K/--
£-.:'
1 I:
IVli"1'
Is»
ri?
| |\
#'
% :
L«t any observant reader of the newspapers
from Maine t o California scan the columns
beaded, " H e l p Wanted-—Female," and say
m-hicn, of all the " w a u t s " t h a t appear there,
isdistinguished by its persistent, unvarying
Heration, its unfulfillcd a n d apparently unfnlfillablc desire, and he wi!l, without hesitancy, lav his finger u p o n t h i s : "Wanted, a
girl for general liouscwork." There it stands,
in £erennial eonstaucy, for three huudred and
sixty-five days of the y e a r ; its frequency indicative of a market whose demand is forc v e r a t the maximum, while its supply is not
««ly a t a minimum, but of the worst material
mnd the most nieager choiee. Like God1» poor,
I t i s a l w a y s with us—a vexation, a thorn in
Slie flcsh, a riddle without anCEdipus; and
whatever its advertisement may be as a
source of steady revenue to the editors, it is
jn its poor results a disappointment to the
liousebolder who is sanguine enough to look
forafaarvest of applieauts. Bound up with
ti»e house life of respeetable, happy, wcll-tod o American woman, the qucstiou why their
more «ecdy sisters stubboruly refuse t o undersake their domestie labors, however well
paid ; t o sleep under their roofs, however well
proteeted; or e a t of their bread, however
plentifuL, must be capable of intelligent solution.
The disadvantage of those who have hithWto considered the subject has been that
they have viewed it on ly frora the standpoint
f>f employers seeking help, and they retire
amazed and discomfited that their arguments
aud tnduccments a r e so signa Hy unavailing.
How tlie matter may appear to those whom
they have been unable to move from their obduracy has yct t o be w ritt en. Ten years of
intimate knowledge and of close fellowship
m-ith ttie latter should entitle a sympathetic
worker to speak for those who so seldom lift
voice or i>en to speak for themselves; and
long dealing with them a s forewoman, hearing their contidences, shariug their troubles
a u d their doubts, should surely enable oue of
themselves to show new light upon a subject
which, from a continual, one-sided presentataon, has been worn into tatters. To that cud
» clear statement of facts, aequired behiud
t h e shabby desks in the work rooms of some
«f the principal w holesale houses in Philadelphia mauufacturing white goods and clothing,
m a y be serviceable.
Wlicre aud iu what manner is this work
conducted which has deprived the whole
country of household keepers* Usually, in
t h e upiH-r parts of the large warehouses,
stores and other buildiugs in the busiuess portions of the city, in the third, fourth and
fifth stories. Not originally designed for the
oses t o which they are now generally put,
they have neither retiriug rooms, water, nor
suffieient drainage, and their sanitary arrangements a r e inadequate iu the extremetfarrow, dusty stairways lead up to them;
foroad hatchways and elevator shafts keep the
gjrimy floors bitter cold in Winter, and proximit^r t o the roof and the glare of the sun in
their unshaded windows render them suffocatIng in sununcr. In the latter-season in the
pressroom the thermonietcr stands a t 115 and
I2U degrecs, and the girls who work there iu
d o u d s of steam a r e visibly wet to the waist
• miih perspiration. As all winter fasluous are
prepared in the Summer months, the pressers
•rho handle these heavy goods, the cutters
M'bo cut them, the r^ierators who make the ni,
a n d tlie models who •" try on,1' as Jenny Wreu
wouid say, have hard work. In the worktooms the operators sit a t long tables, u|>on
which a r e fastened the machines, wliich are
driven by steam |>ower. Sweltering iu air
t h a t is blurred with foulness, or frecziug in
the icy draughts that sweep over their feet
from the open hatches, girlhood, womanhood,
old age, bend assiduously over the work before them. The hours a r e from ?::>0 a. m. untii 6 p- m., with half an hour for dinner; but
there is no limit to any exa et ion which may be
m a d e ia tue busy seasons for longer hours,
• n d work is often prolonged until 10 p. in.
This, of course, is to the pccuniary advantagc
©f those who are paid by the piece, but iu on
factory where it was ever the fortune of the
v e r k e r t o labor did those who were paid by
t h e week desire any benefit from this exten«ion of time. I t would be hard indeed to
imagine surroundings more cheerless, more
unfemininc, more depressing in which from
fifty to a huudred wonieu eould work, year
in a n d year out. Penalties, prohibitions,
warnings aud notices brisi-le from the walls
a n d t h e doors, haug from the gas jets, are
painted ujion the stairs. " N o admittanee,"
*'3fo admittanee exeept on business,'' and the
more suiiy ^'Positively no admittanee," shut
©ut the world; no laughing. no eating, no
loud talking, no siuging, no loiteriug, no looking out the windows, " Xo loafing." Fines for
t h e lagg^rd, lines for oilspots, for t^jols
brolien or lost, for work uulinished and for
work spoiled. The compact, if it may be so
called, between the finn and the hands is
marked by the worst charaeteristics of that
Tamous " Reciprocity Treaty " of which one of
t h e two nations concerned eomplained that
t h e " reciprocity " was all on one side. Thcr*j
| s no appeal, for tli.cr: ir» ..o tribunal.
If t h e han *ls rci>el they rebol against powers
miseoa, a a d war with foes who are impalpable. Dickens' humorous descriptioii of the
snethods of tlie linn of Siwnlow and Jojkins
midsitseounterpnrt iu every f a c t ^ y ; but iu
practice t h e j n e t h o d ceases to be bumorous.
Bpenlow lavs the blamc and the shame ui>>n
«lorkins, and Jorkius is the one man unavail«ble always. He is out of town, he is east or
west, he is busy with buyers or sellers, letters
««r telegrams, but he will " see to i t " when he
Veturns, or is a t leis-ire, which will probably
be when there is a blue moou or a dry raiu ;
• n d t h u s complaints are stilled, refonns languish, injustice is sileutly indorsed.
Advertising days a t the manufactory brought
fcither, from the opening to the closing hour,
sppucantsof all ages, all degrces, aud all uatkmalites. There was no kick of material from
which tochoose. Little girls from nine years
Upward, young girls from school, widows,
farmers' and mechanics' wives and daugbters,
and, most pitiful ol all to see, old women, dimsightcd, fceble, ca me with the rest to plead
for work, any work whatsoever that they
eould d o . Of late years it was noticcublc that
eolorcd womeu a!so fii^iuently presented
themselves, and were a paiutul source of embarrassment to set a side asineligible, from the
Start, on account of race.
Though tlie w ork %vas manifestly womanly,
men, hoo, ventwred awicwardly cuough amoug
t h e tiirong. U nfortunate, or unsuccessful elsewbere, they thought to try their chanccs a t
t h e sewing maehine, and made expert workers
Who never scrupied to leave wheu something
hetter turced up. Abuudaut as were the appUcatious, there were very fe w skiiled hands
atnong them, but there was no diiliculty in
selectiug from suen crowds the womeu out of
Wliom excellent o|ierators might be made.
S v e n on days aud a t seasons when there was
Do «eeesfcity for advertisiiig, applicauts seeking cm|»loyment cuiue daily up the uarrow
Stairs, witli oue qucstiou flutteriug uervously
from laxaubliug Iqis^—" Have you auy work you
sould give tue.":—aud one of the hardest the
most wcariug, the most dispiriting duties of
the lorcwoiiiau was to turn away enger childrcu, pale, uuserable laothera, a a d despairiug
there was no poasbte ase to which
C^A
'£&Må£Å<
^^^MÆåÉff
The inference drawn by a tbinking mind
from such facts would inevitably be that tJiere
must be some inherent advantage in the work
to be done in or for a manufactory over that
to be done in the household; some attraction
drew women who are governed more by instinctive impulsesthanbyalogical use of their
reason, to seek the factory with its whirring
wheels, its roar of machinery, its dreadful
monotony, its long hours, its stern government, iu preference to au occupation whose
chief, and, one would fancy, its most alluring
feature is that it eonfers the safety and the
sechision of a home upon the toiler.
One important advantage which is utterly
wanting in the other, and which will be mentioned heren, fter, factory work has, but beyond that one the desirability, for many good
reasons, must be concedcd to domestic lalx>rs.
The comfort of adequate pay, of being able to
save, of decent living, of the unrcstrained
and varied exercise of the limbs; the pride of
being valuablc to the employer, of being well
f ed and well dressed, are all on the side of
household WTork; but that those weigh
lighter in the delicately adjusted balance
which determmes the iutercourse of women as
mistresses aud women as servants, then that
solitary advantagc to which illusion has been
made, cannot be doubtcd. One dollar and a
half per week were the wages of the little
girls who carried messages, cut out embroideries, sewed on buttons, and waited on the
openitors. The wages of the latter and of
the models and pressers averaged six dollai-s
per week the year round; some earned more,
Init many less, for sinee 18*,(> the priees paid
for the making of ready-madc clothing have
steadily declined. The liner grad*:s were
to
made in the building: the coarser.
outside hands or contractors who hired them,
and the prices bore so little just proportiou to
the labor bestowed n|x>n them that no girl,
woman or man eoulu earn enough a t the work
in one day to support life for that day, and
yct tliere were ai ays to lje found people
eager and willing to undertakc it. It was a
thiug to be wondered at, where they all canie
from and where they hid themselves among
the prosperous iu the city of hornes. .They
were not beggars, unless it is begging to ask
for honest work—not objectiaof charity in the
accepted sense; they were, as a rule, respeetable and astonishingly trustworthy, and they
were driven hither by one geueral cause, vix.:
The failureof their natural proteetors, luthers,
sous, husbands and brothers, to provide for
them. In one wholesale house two huudred
women returned their work twice a week,
aud of this nuniber not more than half a dozen
were the wives of drunken husbands. Tlie cutting down of wages, and the searcity of work
which paid enough to enable a man, however
willing and industrious, to support a family,
were the cliief reasons assigued by the women
for leaving their home duties to offer their
labor in an overstocked marked.
A few canie, and these were always the
young, enthusiastic aud untried, because it is
the fashion of the country to teach its daughters that it is a good and glorious thing to be
self-supporting, independent, frec from masculine guardiansliip, and that it is a possible
thing to earn a ccmtortable living in the arts,
seiences ant! trades. Those who essaycd the
latter soon found to their sorrow aud chagrin
how bitter a right was theirs to an independent starvation: or, if by chance they sueceeded, how high the price they paid in layiug
down youth, health, spirits, all the innoceut
joys of life, laughter, sunshine, freedom of
time, and faith in God for so much wages per
wTeek! I t has been said by an anatomist that
the physical orgauization of woman is so delicately adjusted, that nature may almost be
taxed with eruelty in having created a being
capable of such exquisitc suffering. Look at the
American girl as she sits for ten, twelve or fourteen hours a t the sewing maehine, and declare
whether such unnatural restraint fits her
better fi>r wife and motherhood. The terrible
strain • f her monotonous tsisk lasts tlirough
'•"the long, long, wcary day;" she is ill-paid,
ill-housed, ill-fed; she per f orms her labor in
bodily revolt and discomfort. For her home
life has no meaning, and outside of the factory
she has only a bed and a nightfs lodging—
nothing more. She hears it said by those in
authority over her that she, and others like
her, work in but a half-hearted, insincere way,
and pick up a calling ouly (as a recentnovelist
expresses it) "until some fellow comes along
who tells her to luy it down," and marrics her.
Looking at home, we cannot justly upbraid
England as being the only land guilty in this
enlighteued age of that folly and wickcdness
of which Ruskin speaks when he says, "The
last and worst thing which can l>e alleged
against a uation is f hat it has made its 3'ouug
girls sad and weary."
This overcrowding and anxiety for work
had their natural eftects upon uuscrupulous
and giasping employers into whose power it
is thus put to grind tlie faccs of the poor ; but
cruel and heartless as is the seltishness of
trade, one of whose axioms is that it adniits
of no sentiment, it is driven by a selfishness
more cruel, more heartless, more god less than
itself—that of fashion. The exactions of the
latter impel the business of the world as the
ceaseless rushing waters imi>el the mill
wheels. I t is not the faull- of the wheels that
the grain is crushed between the upper and
the nether millstonc, nor are employers on
the whole so idiotie and so illogical as to
abuse and defraud, for the pleasurc of it,
the hands by whose help they carry o=. business, any more than they would wilfully dcstroy their own machinery or-ruin their own
tools. No men ever worked. barder or were
more sorely presscd thun the mombers oi the
various Jir'j<5> n whose establishments these
c \ ; 'i.ienees were obtained ; but the trenieudous and irresistible demauds of swiftly passing fashions, the anxiety to be first in a most
fickle and changeablc market, and the deadly
cci«i>etition, rendered them blind aud heedless
to all but tlie exigencies of the hour. One instance, of which the writcr ivas au astouishcd
witness, may suflice for illustrution: Two
linns upon the same street, seiling iu the same
murket, mauufacturing the same classcs of
goods, are in keen riva!ry. T h e i r ' " d r i v e s "
are alrcady demora li/ing their customers
who are afraid to buy of A to-day, lest B
should offer lower rates to-morrow. Goods
upon which originally but the smallest margin
of profit has iiecn allowcd are rcduced almost
penny by i»enny, until B, as his highest trump,
throws his load iqwn the market a t cost. A
sets his tceth,
talls his forewoman,
and together they go over every item
in the estimate for the muuufacturc
of the gocds, Init no reduction
is
!>oKsible. He cannot buy his materials for
less, she cannot procurc labor cheapcr; and
humau ingenuity itself has never found a way
in which a man can produce a t a loss aud conduct his business to its money-making end. A
has n m his face against this wall, that he
must either steal iiis materials or stea! the
labor upon them; aud, to knock a rival out of
the ring, he concludes to steal the labor.
Where, then, shall be found fools who will take
his stuff and work upon it for nothing in its
most liberal sense ? Iucrediole as it may seem,
they come trooping iu answer to the firnVs advertisement for learners—children, girls, old
women. The erders from the otllcc are as follows: "Pick out Hfty, seveuty-five or more of
the brightcsli and smartest among them—
those that are apt to learn aud quick with
their iiugers, and make this bargain with
them: We will teach them a certaiu class of
work, free of charge, but they must give us
their whole time for a nioiith. two months or
three, according to the length of the season.
We give them uo guurantee to employ them
aftervvurd; we may or we may not, as our
needs dictate; but this questiou, if raised,
may easily be evaded. I t is probable that
they will, in the first day or two, spoil a few
yardtt of material, but after that the goods
they produce may safely be thrown u|wn the
market, and B will not only be uadersoid, but
profit, sinee the labof* costs us nothing.M
Necessity pressing them, the desire to get a
foothold in the factory and an insight into the
manner of working, attracting them, and the
supjjosition tåken for granted—alas for their
ignorance and inexperience!—that they will
afterwards obtain steady work, the women
themselves, in their eagerness, render entirely
fcasible a schemé as mgenious as it is wicked.
Indeed this very eagerness is a f actor so well
kno wn that reputable houses have not hesitated
to avail themselves of it over and over again,
and goods so produced may be seen any time
in the bazars by any one competent to esti
mate the difference between the prices at
which they are sold and the prices at which
they eould honestly be manufactured.
It may well be asked, then, with impatient
curiosity, What the solitary advantage is
which factory work possesses over house
work ? and the answer is briefly t h i s : "It is
faithfully, thoroughly, patiently taught, lor
men as masters have that priceless precision
of icnoivledge which inspires eonfidence, commands respect, and raises the spirit of hope
and of emulation in the highest degrce. In
the factory the first st ep tåken with raw hands
is to show them an exact sample of their work.
No knowledge is tåken for g r a n t e d ; nothing
is trusted to luck; they are burdened with no
res]K>nsilulity. Every stage of the process is
conscietitiously, and, it may be added, kindly
and encouragingly taught by practical lessous.
A manufacturer wants fifty tuckors, corders,
laceworkers, Bonnaz operakors. He does not
wring his hands, tear his hair, and set up a
wail, he and his neighbors, that may be heard
throughout the length and breadth of the
land, because of the searcity of sueh workers.
If they are not to be had already trained, he
takes the women who come in answer to his
ca 11—and it is to be observed that they do
come when he summons them—and trains
them., and the thing is done. Sinee Adam's
time man has systematized his business in life
with such nicety that when his watch is to lje
regulated he carries it to a jeweler, not a
blacksmith nor a street- pavior ; when he wants
a portraifc painted he goes to an artist, not a
coal-heaver : nor is he ever so irrational as to
berå le the street pavior, the coal-heaver, or
the blacksmith because tiiey do not, and cannot perform these delicate operations for him.
So far as he is concerned he has provided
effective helpcrs for ;?11 he needs, and is neither
embarrassed nor confounded by unrcasonable
expeetations and bitter disappointments. It
is oue of the most eouspicuous features of the
trades over which he presidcd that he can and
does, patiently aud uneomplaiuingly, drill
year after year, armies of learners and apprentices who fill up the ranks as death, aceident, removals or old age tinn them ; nor are
his labors limited to his own rightful domaiu.
There is no work of womaifs to which he has
put his hand that he has not lightened, improved aud systematized it. For ages women
have cooked, and swept, and sewed and
washed; but long, long would the world have
waited for a woman to iuveut self-sealing jars
for her fruit, sweepers for her floors, the sewing maehine in lieu of nccdles, and the wringer
for her " bluc Monday." Only a woman would
expeet a rosy-checked girl, who dug potatces
and ran barefoot in Ireland, to handle her fine
cliiun, wash and iron her line linen, aud cook
her steak to a turn, and only a woman would
wouder and weep when rack and ruin, dispepsia and discomfort come, as they rightf ully
should come, upon her.
Pitying the cases of the many hapless creatures who entered sanguine aud departed at
the factory door, the writar onec kopt a list of
friends who wanted girls for general housework, aud cudeavored to induee some of those
who were turned away to apply for sueh situations. In ten years of service in the business
of luring them, sueeess never, even for au instant, shoue upon the disinterested endeavor.
The more sensible the girl the groa ter her
shriuking from the responsibility of the work.
Giviug the sense aud substance of their objeetions, in the words of arScotch girl, '"'The leddies expeet so much, ye ken, that itpits a body
aboot." Kemembering that eooking is but one
of the aceomplishments " t h e leddies" expeet,
read only the followiug deliuition of it, and
think if that alone is not enough to " pit a
body aboot," espeeially oue \*ho is ignorant of
its mysteries :
Cookiug means the knowledge of Medea,
and of Circe, and of Calypsc, and of Helen,
aud of Rebekah, and of the Queen of Sheba.
It means the knowledge of all herbs, and
fruits, aud halms, and spiees; and of all that
is healiug and sweet in fields and groves, and
savory iu ineats; it means careiulness, and
inveutiveness, and watchfuluess, and willinginguess, and rcadiucss of appliance ; it means
the economy of your great-grandinothcrs,
and the science of modern chemists; it means
much tastiug and no wasting ; it means English thoroughness, and Freneh art, and Arabiau hospitality ; and it means, iu line, that
you are to be perfectly and always 'ladies'—
' loaf-givers ;' and to see . . that everybody
has something niee to eat."
The sweeping, the dust ing, the washing, the
ironing, the uianugemeut of lires, are all distinct aud separate businesses, recpiiring separate lessons; but if the blind lead tlie blind,
shall not both fall into theditchf Let any
honest wealthy woman say whether, if suddenly stripped of friends, home, statiou and
eompeteuee, she eould go out into a stranger's
b^JtHJHtPd-V/cll a.nd.skilfully perform ;ill the
duties she now exaétf^-of her "gi'.i," who
starts haudicapped by the uisadvantagcs
which her poorcr birth, poorer training, meaner
associations and greater deprivations entail
uix)ii her. Few indeed who undertakc domestic work come Trom heines where beds of
down, services of silvcr and spotlcss linen
are seen, nor where the lloors are carpeted
with Axminster, nor whose tuble is spread
with turkey and turtle. They are truer to
their iustiucts than they have been creditcd
with—the best ameng such^workers. They
will flock to their sterner schoohnaster, man,
for th«'y believe in him ; they do not believo
iu their weaker siste rs, for all their suga r
plums and eoaxing, for there is no instinct in
in the wide range of human nature so line
as that which
cnables
a thild,
a
servant or an inferior to detect the
incompetency of those in authority over
them, the instinct which touches scorn lor
speeious pretensions to skill or knowledge
where neither exist. To women who waut
sueh helpcrs it may be said, they will not
come to you until you can teach them, and
you eanuot teach them what you do not know
yourselves—the finest of all arts, the art of
houscwifery. Stro.nge ehanges have come
upon the rolling glolxj sinee Adam s time, and
should it ever come to pass that womeu will
go out into the world to transact its business,
and men stay at home to " keep the house,"
then, aud not until then, will the markets l>e
overstocked with. girls seeking " general
housework." for men will eling to the good
old ways they learned when the carth was
young, 'and teach their kecjwrs hon: As for
the merehandise, the commercc, the trades
which will then have fallen iuto femiuine
hunds—let chaos look to i t !
C L E
Philadelphia, Dcc. 30. 1886.
Tiow ell'» Geucrous G i r l s .
From the Lowcll Times.
Massachusetts stands second in the iist of
contributions to the Charleston fund. The
first place, in honor, belongs to the factory
girls of Lowell.
thoti hearest the fool rejoicing, a n d
he saith, " It is over aud past,
And the wrong was better thau right, and
hate turus iuto love at last,
And we strove for uotliiug at all, and the gods
ure fallen usleep;
For so good is the world agrowing, that the
cvil good shall r e a p ; "
Then loosen the sword in the scabbard, and'
i-;ettle the heim ou thine head,
For men betrayed ure mighty, and great arj
WHEN
Uaj tot'Vl*ftluil^ deiwL
FREE CITY RAILROADS.
DISADVANTAGES AND DEHCIENCIES OF
THE EXISTIN6 SYSTEM.
Oppaaed to Pnblle Interests—Great Reform»
PoMible—More aad Better Roads Without
Taxtnc Labor o r C a p i t a l - T h e Cost of the
Existlnz Roads—In flat ed Valnes.
greater that before, which might be saved by
abolishing tolls and running the cars free, doing away with conductors in the case of
street-cars, and ticket-sellers and collectors in
the case of the elevated roads, besides the
army of clerks and officials attending to this
branch of the accounts. Then much would be
saved when building new roads by simpler
construction of buildings and in various other
ways. It is estimated that cars eould be run
toll free a t an average cost of less than a cent
for each individual.
The result of improving the railroads and
increasing their nuniber wouid, if operated
free of toll, give a tremendous stimulus to the
general internal business of New York and
greatly add to the comfort of its people. The
problem nowadays is how to save time iu
getting from home to the place of toil. Rents
are advancing year by year, and to get comfortable living quarters those who have not
the means to pay high prices are compelled to
move further and further away from the
business center. In this way, unless communication can be made with proportionate
speed, this p a r t of the population is a t more
and more of a disadvantsige. The natural result of such an improvement would be to
greatly increase land values. New York
with its free railroads would be a desirable
place to live in, and immigration would tend
to rapidly swell the population, and in this
way, there being a larger numher of persons
desiriug the land of New York, land values
would mount, and soon would eat up
all the advantage that the free railroads had brought. Though the railroads
were free rents would have increased. Now,
as this increase in land values did not result
from anything the land owners had done—
for the price of a vacant lot along the line
would be seen to have advanced—but was
due to this public improvement, the just and
proper course would be to appropriate the
increase in land values to pay the expense of
operating the road. Nobody eould objcct to
this course on the score of injustice, because
the land owner would be no worse off than
before, being called upon to pay only that
part of the value of his land that grew out of
the public improvement. This would really
be but to extend the application of the law.
When a highway is improved, such as
drained by a sewer, graded or paved, the
land adjoining, \vhich is thus made more
desirable, is taxed for the cost of the improvement, each lot in prdportion to the
advantage receivcd—those near a t hand
most and those removed less. This is the
law, though, owing to its technicality, it is
often evaded.
The great population of New York and its
peculiar distribution, owring to the shape of
the Island of Manhattan, make the means of
quick and easy communication an essential
to public comfort, not to say development.
New York has outgrown its railroad facihties.
Not only are there not enough roads, but
those that exist are not operated so as to develop their fullest utility. One has but to
ride on elcvated or surface cars at night or
morning, when the great mass of workers are
coming from or going to their daily toil, and
witness the crowding and hustllng for seats—
and oft-times standing room—to become convinced of the inadequacy of transit facilities.
A stranger is a t once struck with the impediments to travel. There are no railroads where
roads should clearly be, and those roads that
do operate are slow, and, for a large part of
the day, crowded and uncomfortable. For
the residents of Harlem the elevated roads
were at first speedy and commodious, but o\ving to the increase of tralfic this has ceased to
be so. A large part of the population of the
city is at a positive disadvantage in crossing
town and is compelled to take long, roundabout ways. Plainly, the means of transit are
insnfficient to meet the requiremeuts of the
population.
But that this insufficiency comes from no lack
of inducement to build more roads is clear, because of the notoriously high dividends whieh
the monopoly of a line of travel in New York
city will pay ou the actual capital invested.
The f au It must be sought else where.
When a proposition is made to build a railroad through a populous district and application is made for a charter and for right of way
there at once springs up strong opposition.
Vested interests brook no competition, and the
various corporations holding contiguous franchises are not only at cross purposes themselves but are strongly opposed to any scheme
whieh will in any way deprive them of gain.
A powerful lobby fights the new enterprise in
the logislature, and land-owners along the
When an elevator is put into a building a
proposccl line are wheedled or bulldozed itito
tax
is not levied upon the people who use it.
protesting against the inuovation. Much capThe
knowledge that they have no stairs to
ital is thus expended unproductively at the
climb
make more people desire the building,
joutset, aud bcfore the cars get running more
and
they
are willing to pay more for it than
is wasted.
for
a
building
with no elevator. There is no
Ou Fourteenth street, for instance, there
need,
therefore,
for the proprietor to charge
are a double set of tracks, whereas, a single
toll,
as
the
cost
of
his elevator is counterbalset would be suffieient for all requirements.
anccd
by
the
highcr
returu which his building
The Twenty-third street railroad, running
brings
him.
from river to river, is no more of a conSo, too, this tax on land values' would be
venience than one on Fourteenth street
coimterbalauced
by the improvement which
would be, which, notwithstanding the faet
railroads
operated
free of tolls would bring.
that the obstacle of the track already exists
The
gain
to
the
present
eompanies having
throughout almost the entire length of the
franchises
is
a
very
smallpart
of the disadvanstreet, is prevented because the ownership of
tage
whieh
their
ownership
works
on the comthe tlirough franchise is divided up between
munity
in
arrest
ing
development,
and the
different eompanies that cannot agree on a
adoption
of
this
reform
would
not
only
clear
plan of opcration. May be a more eouspicuaway
all
impedimeut
for
f
uture
progress,
but
ous cxample of this misuse of opportunity is
would
bring
about
great
public
improvements
furnishcd by the Broadway railroad. The
cars, instead of running to the Battery, at the expense of neither labor nor capital, but
which, as the tracks are laid and the streets solely from land values -which a r e made by
are clear for traffie, they might so, stop at and be long to the community at large.
Bowling Green, whence way fårers, in order
HEXTIY GEORGE, Jr.
to complete their journey to South ferry,
must take a stage. This inconvenience reWORKJNGMENS HOMES.
sults from a collision of interests vested in
the railroad and the stage line.
A Sanitary Enpin«»er Dencribes the Evils of
The people are uot ouly called upon to sufof .åe Ten om em House SrNteiu.
fer these diseomforts, but are aetually
The sanitary schoolmister is abroad, and
made to pay for so doing. The expense of workingmen are at last beginniug to realize
impeding improvement is collected through
the tolls, making in a year on each individual that they are the chief sufferers from unsanit a r y conditions. During the late mayoralty
using the ri>ads a very appreciablo charge.
In addition to these is a still greater and can vass in New York the tenement house qucsgrosser method of imposition, termed " water- tiou was very properly made a lea ding issne,
ing stock." In order to hide their exorbitant and as a result extensivc improvements will unprotits these corporations, instead of paying doubtedly be cliected. The mass of workingvery high interest on capital aetually men in the United States are housed in tenerequired to build and equip their roads, ments. Iudividual hornes in separate dwellings
deirlarc a smallcr dividend on a much are the exception outside of Philadelphia and
this way small factory towns. It is rare for a mechanic
larger nmount of capital, in tlus
cvading the la w deereeing that
di vi to own his dwcliing in the larger cities.
dends shall not exceod beyond ten per cent.
According to the report of the railroad Leased houses are the rule, and their owners
commissioners, made from sworn reports of laek the interest to keep them neat and healththe railroad eompanies, the cost of eonstruct- ful whieh is inspired by private ownership.
ing and ccpiipping all the surfaee roads in In many of the smal ler factory towns, espeNew York city approxiinatcs sixty millions of eially in New England, employes have been
dollars. But that this is a gross exaggeration Ujblc to buy a homestead, but generally speakof the value t>f the actuai, tangible property, iiig, their earnings are too smalt to permit
is manifest, and Mr. Tom L. Johnson, a well- them to purchase a house.
kuown railroad contractor in Cleveland, is
The tenement system is steadily spreading
quite prepared to build similar n>ads for in must cities and towns north of Mason's and
twenty millions. It is impossible to aseertain and Dixon's line. The increasing value of
the real iigures from the published rejwrts of land, and the development of the factory systhe various eompanies, but some interesting tem, have been the chief agents in its develpeculiarities may be pointed out. Dividing opment. In Boston, Chicago, Cincinnati, St.
the }>rolits l.>y the nuniber of horses used by Louis, Pittsburg, and even in smallcr cities and
the line (for, all things else being equal, towns, the doublc-decker is bccomiug the chief
oue horse does about as much work as habitatiou of the masses. If it is true that
another), and a surnrising result is obtained. " as the houses are so are the people," grave
Of fourtech of thu most important surfaee fears must be entertained of the results. of this
railroads in New York city that which pro- method of housing the masses.
portionately appears to be the most profitable
The crying evils of tencmont-housc lifa are
ps the Forty-second street and Grand street
squalor,
discomfort, intemperance, herding
company, whieh shows a profit of Sij.S8.14- per
like
cattle,
lilth, chronic tlisease, sweeping
horse, though it is tenth in eomparison of the
epidemics
and
by death, the little
amount of its traek, and clevcnth iu the nuni- children being decimation
the chief vietims, family disber of its horses. Next in order comes the ruption, growth of -immorality and vicious
Fourth Avenue company, showing S18JJ.01 habits, and the creation of aud lostering of
profit for each horse. The third is the Third crime.
avenue, with S1T0 per horse; the fourth,
These evils have become chronic. They are
Christopher and Tenth street, §15y.05; fifth,
accepted
as a matter of course by most perCentral Park, North and East river, $144.W;
sons.
The
terrible eonsequenees which must
sixth, Sixth avenue, S14xi.4S; and so on, until
follow
their
existence are ignored or forgotten.
the twelfth in order is found to be the BroadYet
their
contiuuanee
is a blot upon civilizaway and Seventh avenue road, with its sixteen
tion,
a
criticism
upon
Christianity.
miles of track, most oi* which is through the
In New York city the pcrecutagc of deaths
commercial center of the metropolis, and
2/2-SO horses, which presents the comparatively in tenements increased from 51.11 in 1>J70 to
small amount, of «7K.3S per horse. The Central 55.50 in 18S4. The peroentage would be
Crosstown osteusibly makes a prolit of §13X>.27 greater were it not that the sick occupants of
on each horse, and the Dry Dock, East Broad- tenements go to charity hospitals, to which
way and Battery, S10t>.00 ; the Second avenue, their deaths are creditcd. In tlie district
$'.»iCo4; Twenty-third street, .?t>4.05; Eighth kuown as the "Bend," on Mulberry street, the
a.venue, Ssr».l>8, and the Ninth avenue, §74.52. mortality of children under live years is over
Thus it would appear that the Broadway road (35 per cent. In other cities the bulk-of the
is only a little more profitable than the Ninth mortality is charged to defective tenements.
All over the civilized world the problem of
avenue, in spite of the well rooted popular
belief to the contra ry ; and the incident may housing workingmen is being seriously conserve to show how absurd it is to attempt to sidered. In London and in New York, in
regulate by law the prolits of such a monop- Paris and in Chicago, in Berlin and in San
Francisco, sfcatesmen and sanitarian, rcligious
oly as a street railroad.
tcachers and political economists are deeply
From what has been said the evils ensuing concerned to deeide how and where the
from the private ownership of the right to masses are to live. But it is time that the
carry passengers along a public highway is workingmen themselves, who are most conobvious. It is as if some " gentlemen of the cerned in the matter, should take it up, and
road " were perniittcd to set up business in by their joint action force upon the authorities
our midst, modifying their methods to altered prompt, vigorous and sweepiug mcasures of
reform. Three-fourths of the funds of trade
circumstances.
The true and the only way to supply the unions and benefit socictics are spent for sick
best service with the greatest economy is for beuefits and funcrals. A large share of this
the public to assume ownership and control of outlay might be saved by sanitary measures.
the railroads, and make them a department of What these measures are will be considered
CHAKLES F. WINGATE.
the government, conducted as the post-ofllce in a later issue.
and the public schools are. Such a change
Er. Fronde and H i s Laud.
would at once abolish all stock watering, and
In his "Oceana" the historian Froude
no such state of aff airs as one line blocking
describes
a condition of afTairs in New Zeaanother would occur. A great improvement
would be made if reform went no further. land to which Americans are not strangers at
But with all the great impediments that now home. "The soil leit waste and waiting for
exist out of the way, the building of new roads the plowman's haud, an enormous debt still
would follow as a matter of course, while, if fast accumulating, and rich and poor—gentlethe roads were not better made they would men, peasants, mechanics—gathering, like
fiocks of gulls abtjvt; the carriou, in the big
at ieast be built at greatly redueed expense.
towns."
To remedy this Mr. Froude would,
The remedy whieh is generally propused is
among
other
reforms, bring the laud "withiu
public ownership of franchises—their operathe
reach
of
poor men who have no capital
tion to be couducted by private enterprise.
This would doubtless alleviate the diiliculty, except their labor." It is that very reform
but all the evils eould only be over- the Labor party inteuds to accomplish. By
''come by public superiutendeuce, as well taxing land values the dogs in the manger
a s ' ownership, and the aboliticii of ali who keep land out of use will be forced to let
tolls.' Alter climiuating all prolit the cost of it come within the reach of poor uicu who
llectipg ta« (yli» wvuld he piopvrUyuately
have u« capital except their Ubor.
THE LAND THIEVES.
HOW THEY HAVE ACQUIRED A VAST Df>
MAIN IN NEW MEXICO.
Nnrnre of the Old Mexican Grnnts—ISuyin«
Principal i ti es far a Song—Six Million
Acres Acqaired and Over Tea Milllona
Claiined— Tlie Process Coutinucs.
Washington, Jan. 4.—^The annual report of
the commissioner of the general land offlces
shows how the public land has been stolen in
several territorics by means of pretended
grants from Mexico. The commissioner says :
The surveyor gccioiiil of New Mexico estimate» t h a t
5,(W>,(X)0 a<;r«» are illegally cmbraceil in i&tfms now
penillng-. He rofors to one case wlierc a grant for 130
acres was survey ed for 30f>,«ioo iu:res, amt to another
where a small grant in a narrow «inyon was surveyed
for nearly 5fX),(XX) acres, and be states that these cxamplea
eould be multiplied. He also refers to pnwit» hUherto
f-ecognizeti that are almost totally unMipported by evtdence, and to one case whieh was a palpable forgvry.
Tlie claim of Francis ilartinez, under the Mexican law,
"was limited to a maximum of Jf.OiX) acres. Tlie patent
was issued in 1SS1 for 5.14,315 aert^. A similar grant to
E. W. Eaton was patented ln 1SS1 for Sl.OtO acres. A
similar gnvnt was patentet! !u 1ST7 to Antonio Santloval
for 6i),tJ(X) æ r e s . The Scolley srrant for 22,lXi was surveyed for 108,507. A grant t< Salvador Utmxalea'o( " a
spot of land to enable him to plant- a corn-iiehl for the
support of hia family " was .surveyed for 103,959 acres.
Th» Montoya graut, limited by the colonizat ton l a w s t o
48,000 acres, W:LS surveyed for iål.OiU acres. The Lorenza
gnxnt, same limitation, was surveyed for ISO.JXX) acres.
The Estancia pi-ant, also restricled by Mexican law Ux
not exceed 4S.U00, was surveyevl for 115,000 ueres. Ijjnatio Chaves and othere petitionwl fora t r a c t " which will
have on each side one and a half lea$n»es." This would
make a little less than 10,000 acres. It was sur\ eyed for
243,000 acres. I t was the Mexican usage to make small
individual grants and to p u t Ihe grantee ln possession ot
a hirfrer quantity which he eould n^e till prranted to
another. The fee did not pass ant! the power of the government to diipose of the residue was iiiwnys main»
tsvined for the public benetit to meet t.lu; dcinands of the
increasing population. Hut of late the authorities of the
United States appear to have considered that the possession controlletl the grant,and the volumc «f private Land
claims has been pmlieated upon allt.-ged possessior!. . .
There ai*e now pene!ing claims in New Mexico and Arizona aggregating $,500,000 acres. They have never been
serutinized in this office, and stand upon naked n^norts
of tlie surveyors genera), and the ren ults ef conlinrraj.
tions herctofon; made of such reports have large!y
prove,! unfortunate.
Before the country was cedcd to the United
StatQs Mexico had donated «piantities of land
to iver own citizcus. From an early period
that government would give more or less of
the soil to persons desiriug to make "locations." But while prodigal of lier land, the
law was such that the provincial authorities
had no power to grant considorable areas except to persons proposing to establish a town.
It is perfectly well known that the governors
of provinces never eould grant a, large district of country to be held by a tenure that
permitted the grantees to exclude other settlers, and henco it was a usual condition to
such grants " t h a t the place should be conv
mon to all who in f uture might remove to and
settle there."
The treaty of ISIS required this government
to aflirm all rights of property aequired uader
Meiico, and at au early day congress undertook to distinguish the land lodjred in private
hands from the other land which, at the time
of the cession, still belonged to the publio
domain of Mexico. In California these Mexican grants were made the means of enormous
land grabs, but in New Mexico it was even
worse. Émigrution did not turn in that dtrcction pre vit nis to the war, and land in the
territory was not soupht after until recently.
More than thirty years a^o the surveyor
geueral of New Mexico was required to report information that would enable congress
to determiiie the validity of grants in that
territory. Congress did not attempt to go
further than to deeide what porlions of the
country should be thrown open to settlement.
Those then dealing with this subject never
' supposed that withholding a particulur graut
from prc-emption prceludcd this government
from subscquontly iiKpiiriag how much of such
grant was held in fee simple, and how much
of it had, under Mexiean law, reverted to the
public domain. It mast frequently happen
t h a t ' m a n y grants Iapsed, either !>ecause the
premises were abandoue«l, or because the
beneliciaries of Mexican bounty had ceased to
exist. For instance, it was a f a vonte practice
to grant large areas (sometimes half a million
acres), to several persons who proposed to establish a town. Those who petiiioned for the
grant were assigued in severaliy so much and
such land as they selectcd—never exceeding
the quautity they proposed to ndtivate or
pasture; after the tt»wn was fouuded its authorities were bound to al lot to uewcomers,
without price, so much of the land still vacanb
as they proposed to oeeupy. This was called
a community grant, and until within the last
few years it wasj never suggested that the few
persons mentioned in such a grant owned the
entire tract in fee simple, or were entitled to
cxclude others trom it.
As to these community grants (and every
grant exceeding 4MHH) ueres was neeessarily
a community grant unless made by the central government'), congress lind determined
that certain grants in New Mexico, aggregating probably r».O0O,U0O acres, were valid, a n d
the land should be withheld from sale. I t did
not. determiiie what partieular persons owned
these grants or whether sueh persons held by
a tenure that enabled them to cxclude others.
Hence the district of country embraced within
the boundaries of sueh a grant (generally
several huudred thousand acres), was in au
auomalous condition. A very small area (seldom exceeding JliiO acres each to the persons
named in the original doeuments), was occupied by the deseendants of the old Mexicans
who originally attempted to establish a town.
Whatever land was not vested iu fee simple
in these Mexicans belonged to the government. If the town had been established, its
authorities (aeting as a public body) would
have allotted the surplus to neweomers; bufc
the town not bein i? orgauized, such land
was as much public property as if a grant
had never been made. Such being the case,
congress should have tåken stt-ps long ago to
aseertain and divide olT so much of every
graut as was uot owned in fee simple by private parties. But while no one was concerned
to investigatc this subject on behalf of the
government, yet some of the shrewdest men
were actively at work to be fog the matter
and prevent intelligent investigation. It seems
that, owing to the n eg leet of the government,
an idea got abroad that a tract of land absolutely vacant and unclaimcd wouid telong to
whomsoever hud the au duc ity to asser t his
ownership.
During and immediately aft-«?r the war, New
Mexico was invadcd by an army of the shrewdest and most uuscrupulous adveuturers that
ever aiilicted a peaceful ctjuununity. The deseendants of the Mexicans named in the old
grants w-ere helpless iu the hands of these
American adveuturers. They were simple
antl primitive in their habils, and iguoraut of
the languagc And castoms t)f Ameri«rans. If a
community grant called for 500,000 acres.
probably not more than o,000 would be owned
m f ee simple by the deseendants of the original
settlers, aud the remaiudcr belonged to the
government. Heuce adventurers conceived
the idea of appropriating the entire area of
such grants as these. They bought for a
trilling price whatever iuterest wns held by
the Mexicans, assuming that no official representing the United Ktates would ever take the
trouble to defeud the rights of the government. Armed with these pretended (viit
claim deeds the purchaser lx»isterously asserted ownership of cutire districts of country,
and ostentatiously complied with the deUdls
congress had prescribed for the proteefcion of
Mexican titles.
It is believed that more than 10.000,000 acres
are thus claimed, aud that over li.IHM,IXK>acres
are thus hel ti to-day '.>u sjteculation by porsous
professiug u> own the rights formerly vested
iu the Mexicans; but itisexeeedinglydoubtful
whether the Mexicans ever receive-I a s much
as one cent per acre for the land now claimed
by these adveuturers, whose ouly munimentof
tille is nudaeity, and whose only tenure of
possession is tlie ue^leet of those charjfed by
law with the duiy oi defending ourpulÆc laud
•atm
l i v r u u ^ t n .
i4 r' • o
m liuvasioife
__
|
f*
m
j f r ø S B f ^ ^ r i f •' «?£* :;-^f?-*'wl-.*
T H E STANDARD, SATUKDAY, JANUARY 8, 1887
COMMUNISTIC SAINT.
labor be assurecl of its just reward. Utopia almost impossible that there the weale pubC. S. T., Pittsburg, Pennsylvania: Yes, clubs can be
organized here. I have taiked with many leading men,
was to him no mere romance with which the lique may justly be governed and prosperously
tind we shail set about the work at once.
We
scholar might amuse himsclf for an idle hour, flourish."
have notbing to hope for from either of the old parties.
«ORE MAY HAVE A PLACE but it was the dcscription of a plan of society
To this declaration by Hythlodaye More ENCOURAGING PROGRESS IN ITS ORGAN- I lind as many disgusted Republicans as I do Demo- WHAT IT D0ES AND FAILS TO 00 FOR
and
government
possible
to
a
virtuous
and
incrats.
rcpresents
himsclf as urgiug the objection
m THE ROMAN CALENDAR.
J. R. W., Rockford, Illinois: The business depression
dustrious pcople. There are in the work traces that, in sueh a state of society, men would
IZATION.
WORKINGMEN.
continues in spite of all prophccies of returning prosof the ideas of Plato and of those attributcd to lack all stimulus to that labor necessary to
perity, and men everywhere are beginning to suspect
K e M e a n d F a v S e c t a c P r i M i a T t b e Lycurgus; but the greater part of the storv was
the common support; to which the imaginary How the Ulsvement Startcd—The Tcmporary the existence of souie hithertounnamed cause for this T h e Cost nf Piff I r o n t o a l l C o n s a m e r s
FMItlcml Vlew« t h a t P * a a 4 evidently carefully thought out by More him- traveler makes answer that he will prove that
continuanco. Our platform, when the time comes,
Executive Committce— Land and Labor should be as free as possible from minor issiies, superK a i s e d H o r e Than Scveii D o l l a r s
Per
IB Bl» tTts*la—The Grevd « r the sclf, and it shows iu many things a prophetic in- More is mistaken, by tbe full dcscription of
flcial in their character aud bearings.
T
o
n
—
L
a
b
o
r
l
)
o
e
n
N
o
t
G
e
t
M
o
r
e
T
h
an
Clnks—CEnceurasiugResponses
from
all
stinct
The
second
book
was
probably
written
DcwKiaccé.
the laws, customs, manuers and daily life of
n
.
M.,
Providence,
Rhode
Island:
This
is,
for
many
a t Antwerp in 1515, and the ttrst, o r P r e f a c c , the people of Utopia.
T w c n t y - F i v e Ceutft o f t h i s .
Qsarters.
reasons, a bad time of the year to organize, but someggpa. «f the most notable epochs in human at London in I5I0L The work was printcd in
thing
can
be
done,
for
workingmen
are
at
last
beginIt is folly to suppose that such a prcface
The elections of 1886 will long be memorable
For twent-y-five years the rallying cry of
«ms that embracing the d o s e of the the latter year a t Louvain, Bclgium, under the should not lead up to something moreseriousin
ning to realize that their only hope of byttering their
as
marking
the
entrance
of
a
new
party
into
protection
to American labor has been sounded
condition lies lu bringing their grievances into politics.
«nd the beginning of the stxtccnth supervision of Erasmus, Peter Gilesand others the writer's mind than a mere romance written
through
the
land in advocacy of a tariff which
the field of American politics. The orgauized
W. C. T.. Oneida, Idaho Tcrritory: There is a large
Thon. 4t for t i e first tiuie,'1 says M. of More's friends abroad. No copy of it was for the amusement of the idle. The second labor of many eities, conscious of political in- Mormon
element hm» and the leaders among them will it is claimed makes wages high, yet for half of
«•aen opened their cyes a n d saw." I t printed in England in any language during the book of " Utopia " is doubtless an attempt by justices and weary of party neglect, deter- not allow the members to join any organization but the, this period American workmen have only
reign of Henry VIII. ; and the tirst English its distinguished author to show how an ideal
chureh, nor patronizo anything gotten up by outsiders.
seed time of our modem civilization. edition, translated by " R a p h e Robynson,
mined
to
redress
its
grievances
by
an
appeal
Rut
those who don't belong to their chureh are ten times slightly improvcd their condition as to actual
iscrowded with scholars flecing from Citii7.cn, and Goldsmythe" was printed in commonwealth might be practically estab- to the ballot-box. Distinctive labor tickets as big fools as-;those w ho do. They call themselvcs anti- earnings, while they have relatively lost
s irule of the Turk in recently Ix»ndou in 1551, by "Abraham Wele, dwelling lished on earth in order that the evils so were nominated and votcd for, and iu many Mormons and appear to think that all that is required ground as compared with the total increase ol
to demonstrate thoir loyalty and establLsh the governgraphically described iu the first book might
Constantinoplc, and tbe ancient in PauPs chureh yarde, a t the sigu of the be remcdied, aud that povertyand the evils places a mcasure of success was the reward of ment on the rock of ages tø to eat a Mormon f ned for the wealth of the nation. Not only wage-earners
morning. Still something may be done themselvcs, but thousands of men of all
m> of the Greeks, taiight by these fugi- Lambe."
in its traiu migbt be abolishcd. " It is," says this action. Everywhere the movement at breakfast.every
ln this region. I will try my best.
classcs, believing rightly that well-paid work^ÉPA% «rasquiekening the miuds and broadenThe book begins with an epistlc from Greene, " as he wanders through this dream- once challenged attention, and the interest exE. C , Elkhart, Indiana. Inclosed find application for
ingmen are indispensable to national welfare,
j i g t i b e bori/oa of European student- In Thomas More to Peter Giles apologiziug for land of the new reason that More touches the cited and the hopes roused among the masses, charter of land and labor club.
Dr. W. B. Fuller, Uniontown, Pennsylvania: There have votcd to uphold the system of protection;
'*— — then the center of culture, Machia- the delay. In this letter an claborate pre- g r e a t problems whieh are fast opening before by the formidable votc thcy east are evidenced
500 independent voters in this county; 80 and if the results have not been what they
taught a era it y statesmanshtp, «hile tence is made that More aud Giles had to- the moderu world—problems of labor, of crime, by the altcred tone of the newspaper press, areatleast
per cent. of them will join the new organization.
of
consciencc,
of
government.
Mercly
to
have
gether
listened
to
the
tale
of
Raplme!
Hythloworked for, they have a right to know why.
a arotisod b r hisficry prcaehiug tlie
and of the professional politicians.
J. R. Løveland, Secretary Committee One Hundred,
seen
and
to
have
examineel
qucstions
such
as
daye,
the
mythical
traveler,
who
is
supi>osed
K fervor aud the detnocratic uspiraRoston, Massaclnis«»tts: I have taiked with my asso- The cry to whieh they have rcspondcd is susthese would prove the keeuncss of lus intellcct;
The outcomc of the fall election was every- ciatesand they think highly of your plan. There can picious iu its origin. I t was raised by politigigg» of the pcople. In Home, Michael Angelo, to have visited Utopia and dencribcd it. Then but its far-reaehing originality is shown in the
cians in the pay of the same employers who
^a^nier, amter aud arcbitect, v a s at the foliows the tirst book, eontainiug an elaborate solutious whieh he proposes," all of which were where siguificant, nowhere more so than in be a goodly numbcr of clubs formed here.
Judge James G. Maguire, San Francisco: I shall Im- have always foughb niost bitterly every de"fcafefctof his fatne. Thore, too, the jprussian report of this sup}H>sed eonversatiou with far in advance of the thought of his time, and the city of New York, where 68,000 votes Avcre mediatcly
proce*^) to organize the state, and do all ln
•riMt, CopemicMK mcditated on the system Hythlodaye, in which the politicxil views illus- many of which are in advance of current counted for the mayoralty candidate, 8,000 my power to promote the gtt-tt cause of natural jus- mand of their own workmen for better wages.
trated by the story are elcarly sct forth.
-jjfcich forms ihv basis of modem astronomy. Hytldodaye says he was one of twenty-four opinion to-day. Three centurics ago, Sir more than were east for the nomincc of the tU-e, which is the end and aim of your central comLet us take the duty on pig iron, which as
mittee.
isbad opeiied a new world to mau- men who prevailed on Amerigo Vcspucci to Thomas More predicted the hatehing of Rcpublican party.
the foundation of the whole iron industry, is
tø*
J. C. M„ Loogootee, Indiana: The workers are comand all Eurojje was excited by the publi- leavc tln?m belund him in the New World to chickens by the incubator. Before labor-saving
At a grcat rnass-meetmg lield in Cooper Ing slowly but surely to join your rankjs. Your short at the bottom of most of the effects on business
i of Amerigo Vcspuccfsaccountof his make explorat ions, but, before ful ly enteriug machinery was drcamed of he declared that, Union on the 6th of November, resoiutions tracts are powerf ul weapous.
and wages, caused by protective duties. The
in the eoutiueuts t h a t now bear his on the story of hin travels, he cngages with if everybody would work, ninchours would be were unauimously adopted calling upon the
J. T. C, Minneapolis, Minn.: There is but one waj' rate of duty on pig iron is $G.7'J a ton, and
Erasmus was at. the height of bis More and Giles in eonversatiou coucerning suflieient for productive labor, and he based Central Labor Union to issne an address to or- out of the house of bondage, and that is Ute way of prae- the cost to the consumer of dumcsttc iron ia
y fatne. Marlin Luther, uionk and morals and government» He tells them that his demand for shortcr hours on the plea that gauized workingmen of other eities, asking tical politics. This a few of us have long realizcd, and almost exactly the priee of foreign iron, with
r of divimty in the Roman Catholic for the spacc of live' months he was in more leisure is ueedcd for the intellcctual de- their co-operation by sinii'iir movements in now It looks as though the multitude were beginning to
sec it too. No wondcr the politicians don't enjoy the this ?U.72 added. The priee nf iron here is
was just Ix^ginuing to ehafe under Englund, where he frcquently visited Cardi- velopment of the workman. To so prophetic their own localities. And without distinetion prospect
before them of being rclcgalcd to the back
TWtarfr sale of iudulgcnces, while Iguatius ual Morton, iu v.hose household More lived as a man a dream of Utopia might rcadily be of race, color, creed, occupation or past po- pastures of oblivion to feed on the buds of annihilation. raised in cxact proportion to the import duty,
although we have just as good furnaces, and
^Ifcejrfa, * pny young woldicr, hud not yet a youth, and he gives in greafc detail couver- but a dcscription of that which is sure to come. litical affiliation, the meeting called upon
Rcnjamin Adams, Charleston, S. C.: The n»eotiiig
last night was very enthusiastic ln :t-s indorsc- more skllled workmen.
the battle in whieh he rcecived the sations he held with the cardiual and his
those who hold to the principles set forth iu herc
ment
of
the mnvement, and I have no doubt whatever
WM.
T.
CnOASDAIÆ.
AVho gets this dilference ?
that iirst turued his thoughts toward a guest-s. AH of this may, of courso, l)c tåken
its declaratioti to form themselvcs throughout that we shall soon create a stir here. It was unaniIt cannot be the laborer at the furnace who
lite.
the country into associations for the purpose mously deeided that we form a land and lai mr club in
as a tentative present at ion of More^ own
smelts
the ore into iron. Although he is paid
this
city
at
once,
aud
1
inclose
our
application
for
charK~ «VBwngthose conspicuous for honor, virtue views.
of carrying on the work of propagatiug truth
SOCIALISM IN THE FORTIES.
ter.
a
little
more by the day he does so much beti l learning in t h a t wouderful ape v a s Sir
by means of leetures, discussious and the disHythlodaye in this way discoursesof the
Locke Craig, Ashville, N. C.: The great vote for ter work that, on the average, he gets only
Moro. He, too. t o repeat Ta*Hc's
Remfnfncncen «f the Dura when Greeley, scmination of litcrature, so that the way may nenry George w:is a light shining in great darkncss.and
•"opencd his eyes and s a w ; " and proper measure and objeet of ]>unish;neut. He
$1.91 for every ton of iron turued out, aceordbe preparcd for political action iu their various I believe the star we s«.»e is the star of the morniug.
Unnna and ltlpley w e r e Kctbrnicra.
the liungs seen by hint was the fact, as boldly condemns the custotn, then universal in
localities
and
for
the
formal
organization
at
ing to Mr. Swank, the great ad voeate of protecLewis
Hart,
Sr.,
Lime
Cn»ek,
Mo.:
The
importance
Wcbster's Dictionary defincs "socialism" as
tat) hint rrrinn Green says, t h a t "fifteen hun- England, of intlicting capital punisluncut for
the proper time of a national party. The fol- of your work cannot be too earnest ly insisted on. A ma- tion in iron, while* the English laborer a t MidJority of our farmers have already mortgaged their
fc<i
years of Christian teaehing had produccd thefU Ho itisists that such a pcnalty is disjwr- a " social state in which there is community of lowiug resoiutions were at"o;rted :
tioncd
to
the
offenceHe
declares
that
even
hornes, and are reduced to the direst extremities to dlesboro, where the cheapest iron iu England
property
among
all
the
citizens."
This
is
one
|v;:Bpewl injustice, religions intolcraucc and poResolved,
That,
in
order
to
pnmiote
the
formation
of
is made, receives $l.fiti per ton.
make their semi-annual interest payments.
Ulioal tyrannj V a n d hencc he longiugly the law of Moses, " though it were ungentle of Mr. Webstcr's many blunders. Though it sueh association*, and to secure uniiy of plan and eonand slia r p as a law that was given to bond- may eorrectly define the views of the small certof sietion between them, a teiuporary central comThe cash donations thus far received by the
Nor is the working miner the man whose
I s c y c s t o the Land of Nowhcre, " i n men," only puntshed theft " by the purse and
niittee is hereby ereated, to whom oorrespondence on central committee are as follows: P. J. wages are qniscd by the tariff to the extent of
fraction
of
Soeialists
termed
Communists,
it
is
the mere eflTorts of natural human not with d4'ath." and thercfore that " God, in
this subjeet may t)*> a<ltlress«>»l, and whose duty it shail
rcalizcd those ends of seeurity, equal- the new law of clemency and mercy, under so far false in regard to the greafc body of be to take such mcastircM JU* may forward the work. McGuirc, Fhihidelphia, $20; Col. C. G. Otis, the remaiudcr of the advanccd priee paid by
\Jtf v tootiherhood a a d freedom for which the which He raleth us with fathcrly gcutleness Soeialists as to be dircctly opix>sed to their Thifc eommittee shall have power to appotnt a secre- New York city, $10; Dr. Walter Mendelson, the cousumers, for that amounts to $0.47, and
tary, to aild to ils. immhera, and to act tuitil a national New York city, $5; Benjamin Adams, Charles- the miners only get a tritle o v r ?o altogethcr,
Uff institution of society secmed to have as his own dear children," cannot siiuetion aims and teachiugs. In fact, those many conference,
to be called by It, shall choose a permanent ton, S. C , $5; a friend, $Si0.
or just about the same as is paid abroad for
la»framcd."
such unmercifnl punishment. Again he argues Soeialists who are known as Associationists committee.
the same work. So we sec that the tariff on
Ihomas More, son of a knip ht of the same that if the punishment for robbcry and for claim that one great, if not THK great evil
R«!solved, That such central committce shall consist
pig iron does not advance the wages of the
of
John
McMackin,
the
Rev.
Edward
McGlynn,
D.
D.,
b o m in London in 1478. While murdcr be the same, t h a t it is made to the in- of the present modes of distribution is t h t t
AUSTRALIAN AGITATI0N.
and Professor David R. Scott.
men who make pig iron, although it does adftiDaboy, hisfathcr^s intliicnee procurcd his terest of the robber to kill his victiin, since this they are too rccklcss aud lawlcss, giving to
The
executive
committce
of
the
Central
vance the priee ncarly $7 a ton.
SiiBÉnioa to the houschold of the Årehbishop may save him from defccction; whilc, if the the shrewd, cunning and strong the. privilege
A R e m a r k a b l e I.nud M o v e m e u l lu the Fifth
Labor
Union
at
once
issued
an
address
to
orBut, beside the laborers who mine the ore
«ff Canterbury, Cardinal Morton, then prime murdcr is discovcred, the pcnalty will be no of uncheckcd or unlimitcd grabbing, whilc
^
Contincnt.
ganized
labor
throughout
the
United
States,
and
coal and turn these into iron, there is tho
of Henry VIL There More, atter greater for both crimes titan it would have
Just now thefe is olfered a very useful capitalist who owns the furnace and the lapdtheir
great
associative
teacher,
Fouricr,
inurging
the
formation
of
political
associations
fashion of the time, along w it li other been for robbery alone. Just, Christian and
lesson in the land nationalization movement in owucr to whom the ore and coal beds belong.
waitod on the tablc a n d had oppor- reasonable as these sentiments may nppcar, sists that distribution should be api>ortioned preliminary to a national conference to organize
the
new
party.
South
Australia. Only twelvc months ago it A year ago the protectionist iron men made
strietly
to
production
or
contribution.
It
is
to listen t o the talk of the cardiual and thcy werc many centurics in advance of pubOwiug
to
ill
health,
Professor
David
B.
claimed
by
them
that.
the
diirercnt
classcs
adrequired great courage for a man to let it be up a statement in which they showed that for
s eminent guests. H e left t o lic opinion when put into the mouth of a tictiScott
resigned,
aud
James
Redpath
was
vocate the distribution of the produets of inknown there that he was a land nationaliza- every ton of iron made the manufacturer who
Oxford university, where Colet and tious character in 1516.
clected
to
fill
the
vacancy.
At
the
request
of
dustry t h u s :
tionist. To-day the theme is not only b.i the did not own his r a w material had to pay for
were amons bis masters. There
«c
the
executive
committee
of
the
Labor
party
of
I
t
is
in
the
course
of
this
discussion
t
h
a
t
this material—cousisting of iron ore, coal and
More nnbibed a taste for tbe new
Aristocrat» s;»y, acoonlins to
. . . .
breeds San Francisco, the central committee ap- air, but the air is full of it. The pioneers of a
Hytltlodnye
gives
his
views
of
the
cause
of
limcstonc—the sum of $i:>05. The cost of this
Ci%tlizocs say, ac«inHn{r lo
.
.
.
.
., ereoos
', murh t o the alarm of his conservayear ago who were dcrided now have the in England would have been only $7. AVhile
pointed
Judge
James
G.
Maguire,
state
Organicrime
and
disorder
in
England
in
the
time
of
Ominiiinists say, acoordinjr to . . .
.
needs
Ifw fatner, who took him a w a y from college
patient ears of the people and of otticials. our mine owners sold the product a t so high a
zer for California.
Henry
VII.
He
declares
that
tio
punishment,
AsswialionitsUs ^ay, aecerding to . . .
. deed»
fcim t o the study of the la w, to the
however
horrible,
"
can
keep
men
from
stealThe committee, whose office is Room 38, Our Coinmowixalth of Adclaide rcpresents priee, the census shows that they only paid
The great lx>dy of American Social ist* in
of tvhieli he was admitted in 14UC, a t
ing who have no othcr craft whereby to get the forties were of the Associationist or Cooper Union, has been aetively at work for the priuciple in its purity. The Register, the their workmen $r>.3i per ton iu wages, keeping
of eightecn.
their living," and insists that instead of iuBat nei thor parental opposition nor the creasing punishment, provisiou should be Foitrieristic school. Among their axioms, several weeks getting in commtmication with organ of conservutism, seems to be falling for themsclves the handsome prolit of over $8
for the material used in a ton of pig iron, less
r of law eould overcome the yoatur man's made by which men might get a living, " so which are as sharply detined as the mathe- earnest sympathizers iu ali parts of the Union. iuto line in a halting but ouward pace. An $1.7«S paid for transportation to the furnace, of
for the new learninjr, and he returned that no man should be driven to stcal and then matical propositionsof Euclid are the fol lo w- Circulars embodyiug the Clareadou Hall plat- assemblymau, Mr. Burgoyne, lias been iin which sum only about 40 cents went for wages
the Cooper Union resoiutions of Novemi o it withavidity, a u d beeame one of the to die.11 He complained that there were in ing: Equitable distribution of their profits; form,
ber G, and an address from the central com- pelled to outline the idea of true land taxation and the balanee iuto the dividends of railroad
honors
aceording
to
usefuluess:
uttractions
S l g n a t c s t scholars of his time and the intimate England a great numbcr of gentlemen who,
mittee, together with suggestions for the for- ia. a speech to his fellow members. No sub- companies.
p t i r i n d of E r a s m u s a n d many others among not content to live idle like drones on that are apportioned to destiuies.
Parke Godwin, of this city, now editor of mation of land and labor clubs, have been jeet is in the thought and speech of men
Such a profit as this is nothing more nor less
^|?jtaptii tnpi?rary men of light and learaing.
which others had la bored for—that is, on the the Commereial Advciiiser, in his article, "So- mai led to leading workers in the cause. Tak- wherever two or more come together as is than a rack-rent demanded by monopolists,
$.'&£' M o r e g w w tomauhood during the reign of oaraiugs of their tenants, " w u o m thcy pull
ing a leaf from the rceent New York cam
who appropriate the returns from natural opViL, and got into trouble by opposiug and shove to the quick by raising their r e n t s " cialism." in Applcton's Eucyclopedia, defincs paign, the committee have also issued a num- trus one.
the
term
giveu
exactly
t
h
u
s
:
"
The
name
A startling cry in the streets of Adclaide portunitic.-, that of right, bclonp to the whole
m*JaJParliameut one of the many greedy cxtept numerous idle men iu their trains. given to the philosophy or doctrine whieh bcr of short tracts for the purpose of arousing with the hurrying of mauy feet out of its pr<3- people. The imposition of a tariff makes every
æ t i o n s of t h a t avariciou^ monareh. The acThese
men, when tlirown out of service, as teaches that the social relations of mankiud attention and inquiry, and these have beeu cinets, aud away, has given interest to this man iu the country who buys a stove or a
ilWOD of Henry VIIL restnired More, who
thcy
often
must be, were without other re- are suseeptible of a more precise, orderly distributed in large numliers. The formation land question, and is tcaching wisdom tltere pound of nails, or. uscs iron in any form, pay
Va* then b u t t hirt y-or.e years old, to fa vor,
st?urce,
aud
must " either starve for hunger and harmonious arrangement than that. which of land and labor clubs is a special feature of as it mav teach the same here. That cry at the rate of $7 a ton more than he would in
• a d the young scUolar w a;* assiduously courtor
iuaufully
play
the thieves-*-"
obtains in existing st>eiety." Such, beyond the work, the purpose being to provide in each is, "Tetulpa! Gold! gold! gold!" The crowd any other country, and of this $7 not more
« 4 hy the ne%v king, who sent him on several
locality a nucleus arouud whieh earnest men
annassics. On the fall of Wolsey, More re- u He laughed at the argument that these all doubt, were the views of the editors who be lie ve in the general principles of the running away from Adclaide is that of men than £"> cents goes to wages.
of
the
Encyclopedia,
Messrs.
George
Ripidle serving-tneu" were specially useful as
who are rushing into a ucwly-discovcred goklOur iron costs $:.'0 a ton, instead of S13, as it
lactaatly accepted the post of lord chaneellor,
Clarendon Hall platform may gather iu pre- tiekl, where land has beeu hitherto considered
would
cost if there were no tar.lt; and the neb
aposition that he filled with honor, Imt whieh sold ters, deelaring that the London craftsmcu ley, then literary editor of the Trifcune, and paration for future political activity.
The
ksrcsigned rather Uian sa action the king's and the plowmen in the lields were more Charles Auderson Dana, now editor-iu-chief correspondenee of the committee already in- worthless and iu which no man has bad any result is that out of the $30 the mining comprivate right.
fr awrriagc t o Aune Boy len. He stepped down stout and ccurageous, and he compared the of the New York Smi. The former had beeu cludes every State in the Union.
panies get nearly $7 prolit aud the railroads a
president
and
the
latter
treasurer
of
the
Brook
folly
t)f
keeping
them
iu
that
condition
to
that
dollar
and n. half more.
Snwn power aud >plen«t- • iuto comparutive
How 0 » r Commonwealth can call after the
Farm
association,
a
society
devoted
to
indusof
France,
which
kypt
a
stauding
army
to
be
Some
idea
of
the
progress
of
the
movement
Our
rigures all come from protectionist
•otrerty and private position, but the venexcited pilgrims, " AV hy can you dig in l e e trial
development
and
philosophic
investigation
ready
for
war,
aud
had
to
malte
war
in
order
in
different
sections
may
Iw
derived
from
the
sources,
and they are borne out by additional
geanceof the oflfeudcd t y r a n t pursued hun,
tulpa, and why eau't you do the same here?
and
propagandism.
There
they
and
their
asthat
sueh
army
might
be
exercised.
He
defol
lo
whig
brief
extracts
from
the
correspondfacts
showing
that iron and coal miuers and
• a d he was finally beheaded for refusiug to
Suppose wc sold that land, eould you dig
sociates
published
the
Ha-rfrinyvr,
a
weckly
nouneed
those
who
thought
the
wealth
of
a
enee
of
the
committee:
furnace
workmen,
"albeit "protectcd" by a
take the oath acknowledging the king a withere for gold any more than you can here for
newspaper
recording
the
progress
of
their
country
to
consist
iu
its
traincd
soldiery
as
H.
R.,
Ray
Shore,
Long.
Island,
Kew^Yorlt:
I
propose
high
tariff,
are
n--»
better paid than blaclcpotatoes i Nowj you can dig in Tcctulpa, and
p c m e head of the Euglish Chureh. All EuJ$ movcment
and
the
current
of
their
thought.
"
wisefools
and
very
arehdolts."
lo
organi»?
a
club
ln
this
slcepy,
aristocratlc
old
town.
smiths
and
carpenters
who are not " p r o if you lind a nugget it is yours and. yours
cricd out in horror a t so brui^l a murdcr.
J. A. It., Holland, Michigau : We shall organfze a club
But
these
idle
"
serviug-men
"
werc
not,
he
It
is
not
surprising#tliat
the
seholarly
and
tectcd"
a
t
all.
Mining
companies
have uniISr Thomas More appears to have been a t
here at at once. I have liecri a Dcmøcrat, hut we must alone. AVould that be so if the land werc prideclared.the
chief
cause
of
stealing
m
Eugland.
othcrwiso
eminent
character
of
such
docf
orm
ly
grown
rich,
while
for
live
years
past
a liberal thinker a n d a devout Catholic
cut loosc fnnn both the old parties. A vote for priuciplo vate property? Mark, then, well, the only
The
sheep
"
that
were
wout
to
be
so
meek
and
triuaries
attracted
the
utteution
and
etfective
all
furnace
companies
have
lostmoney
exeept
is never thruwn away.
advanUtges Tcctulpa has over tho plaius and
Bceagcrly welcomed the re vi va l of learning,
ihose owning mines.
t a t his clcar mind eould not be imposed upou tame," he said, havenow "becomc so grcat co-operatien of that model citizen and praeCentral l^ibor Union, Kansas City, Missouri: Please hills arouud Adclaide."
devourers
and
so
wild
that
thcy
eat
up
and
tieal
philanthropist,The
late
Francis
George
givo
us
information
as
to
political
organization.
We
It is the law of rent, operating as plainly as
tgrtaepreticncesof Henry, and he saw elcarly
The lesson is a practieal one. The men who
fbat it was uot change of conviction, so uiucji swallow down the very mon themselvcs." Be- Shaw, then living some two miles from Brook wLsh to placu oursclveb in line with your committee.
go to Tcctulpa pr.y the state for miners' rights when it forces men to stitle iu New York teue
T. J. Miller, sccretary D. A. 101, Parsons, Kansas: I aad the state gives protccticu and service that ments. Just as the gnnvth of population on
a* furious ambition a n d unbridlcd lust, t h a t cause of the iucreased priee of wool, noblc- Fann, but more recently of Stateu Island. will
»lo all 1 car. lo :tss»st organization ln this section.
men,
gent
leinen,
and
even
abbots,
not
"
being
His
translation
of
Georges
Sand's
"CouÉnpelled that bruta! t y r a n t to defy the power
no private landlord would render. In the and around Manhattan Island has made lanU
F. Z., Syracuse, New York: We anarcady f o organtze
«f ftome. Hencc, More, white himsclf a politic content. that thcy live in rest and pleasure, suelo" and its sequel, " T h e Countess of a land and labor club here. Our lists of membership the rich lields abt)Ut Adclaide, if land were so valuable here that the fortunate possessor
apponent of tiie extreme claims of the pope, nothing profiting, yea, tnuch annoyiug the Itudelstadt," for the columns of the Hariringer, are all preparcd.
held aud worked as the mining ground is, «£tj can tax his tenants for all the wealth that- the
H. F. Ring, Houston, Texas: I shall organire a strong is the lowest average to be earned by any inornased population makes it possible to proeould not bring himsclf to acknowledge the weale publique," leavc no ground, he said, for were models of literary and artistic tuste,
fairly industrious man, that is, au ouuce andjt duee, so the increase of furnaces for making
spiritual supremacy of Henry VIIL over the tillage, bat inclose all for pastures, tearing To no one more than to Horace Greeley, editor laud aud labor club in this city at once.
down dwellings, aud turning the very churchcs of the New York Tribune, was the movement
J. M., Olen Covc, Long Island, New York: Inc.losed half of purest gold, in the shape and stuff of
pig iron in Pennsylvania has giveu the owner
Eaglisu
Chureli.
In
recognition
of
his
devo», '
charter for our land and
into sheep-houses. " Thercfore," he continucs, indebted for the impetus it received. The are twenty-tlve nam es for
of a mine there the power to take all of the
r
potatoes,
gold
being
worth
there
£4
per
tion
to
the
Holy
Sce
he
has
long
been
venelabor club. Please send as soon as possible.
h
advance
iu priee whieh has beeu ereated by
onnce.
And
in
this
kind
of
gold-digging
there
fated by English Catholtcs, and a proposal " t h a t one covetous and insatiable cormorant, Rev. William Henry Channing, with his magP. C, Aspen, Colorado: Orgauized labor herc is ready
wm* made some time ago that he should be and very plaguc of his native country, may nctie euthusiasm and saintly character, served andanxious to fall into line. I am direeted to susk you would be no such e.xhaustion of wealth as is tho establishment of a tariff laid on irnported
constantly going on at the mines. But private iron professedly " f o r the bcnefit of labor."
canonized. The proposal has been pending for compass alxmt and inclose many thousand to permeate the movcment with his spiritual for suggestions as to the formation of clubs.
M. R., Poughkeepsie, New York : We are ready to or- ownership oi the soil that would give corn AVhere iron furnaces are few, as iu Virginia
some time in Botne, and rceent refwrts indi- acres of ground togcther within one pale or attributes, whilc the poet, Dugannc, touehiug ganize.
Inclosed is a tist of charter members. Please
forbidrf this; the r'»;>t of these lields would and Alabama, there is less competition for the
cate that Sir Tnomas More may shortly be- hedge, the husbnndmen are thrust out of their his " I r o n Harp," caused the pulses of the forward at onc«».
oictt,
or
else,
either
by
cunning
or
fraud,
thcy
American
people
to
throb
as
they
never
eomc Saint Thonuts More. If so, he will beItobert. Pyne. Hartford, Connecticut: Encl">scd please leavc the toiler about as much graiu and po- raw material, and the ore-bed owner has to
be put beside it, or by wrongs and injuries throbbed before since Jefferson formulated find
r
check for $5 in payment for charter for club formeil tatoes as he would eat—not that if the rent acccpt a siiinller r e n t : btit the restut is not
«eome a fa% orit-e intercessor for sueh working- thcy be so wearicd that thcy are compclled
the Declaration of xVmcrican Independencc.
here
kist night. I am publishing documents ln roforenco asked were based on the value of the ground to lower wage , although the pig iron is sold
saen a s proud prelates may not harshly drive to seil all." When thus tlirown out thcy were
to
th»
movement. Act ivc fricuds through the State wiU
The echocsof that " I r o n H a r p " called the
for the buildings whieh must come as Adc- at a lower priee, but only to give the confrom the Chureh.
campelled to trudge forth without a home. , Free Soil party into being, and it is said that be heard from ln response.
laide
spreads itself. Thercfore, in a wild sumer the benetit of the dimiuished rent which
James S. Hook, Augusta, Georgia: I have no doubt
Mere was the author of many works, but What else can such "poor, silly, wretched
f
the
energetic
reeital
of
Dugannc
s
poem,
scamper
after gold, in whieh the lame are as yet the landowner has to acccpt.
that
the
people
of
this
State
are
ripe
for
any
movcmeut
awoe of them have ljccomc so famous as his souls" do i he asks, but stea! and be hanged,
that will bridle mouopolics and glve labor a chance to limping and the siek are crecping, go men
,
,,
"
The
Acres
aud
the
Lands,"
by
the
Hon.
This is the reuoon then why employers who
* lJt»pia. The very name of the book has or eise go about begging, and thcti " b e east
enjoy what it makes. Land and labor clubs eau be
feeoomca household word, while " u t o p i a n " is in prison as vagabonds because thcy go about Thomas Fiorence of Philadelphia, in the na- formod all over Georgia, and wield a contrulliug in- who would work at home if they eould get fight organi/.ations of \nhor with one hand
work and lind it remimerativc—some to gain •defeud "piotection to labor" with the other»
«ver an adjectivc of reproaeh to be hutied and work not; whom no man will sot to work, tional house of representatives, caused the fluence in the future iwlitics of the State.
passage
of
the
Homcstead
aet.
To
show
how
prizes,
many to die or break down for life. The tariff on iron does not :aisc wages, but
II. R. W., Cincinnati, Ohio: About a y«»ar ago I, with
against all scherncs and ideas that promise though they never so willingly proffer themaccurately
the
thought
of
that
time
forcseveral
other
young
men,
made
arrangements
for
mectFor
land
iu Adclaide is seiling ut $500 an only inrreases rent. The duties on bar iron
a V betterment of tnairs condilion.
selvcs thereto." Is it any wondcr that Hyth- shadowcd that of to-day, the following ex- Ings at stated intcrvals. Blost of our mcellngs were inch.
or rails or castings are hcavier than those on
The time iu which More lived was not lodaye, in alludiug to the destruction of the
devotett to the discjission of the laud question. We now
have a.number of applications for memlMjrship, and
Bfltable only for the revival of learning or for shcep by rot, angrily declared that the mur- traet from that poem is reproduecd:
AVclI may Mr. Burgoyne tell tbe nssembly pig, but the prices of these are not advanced
drøire to organtze a regular land and labor club. Please that they must learn " a more equitable and in proportion, so that certninly labor doea
•• The earth is tbe Lord's and the fulncsn thoreof!"
Bental activity. The foundations of the rain should more justly have fallen on the
give us your suggest ions for organization.
S:ti(i
GodS
iinvst
holy
word.
Modem social system werc then shapcd in shcep-owners themselvcs ?
just system of land taxation than was now not benetit by the dilference. Except where
The water halu Jlsh, and the land hath Oesh,
R. H. Kersuson, Buffalo^New Yorl; ;\Vc had a mcctthere i.i s<mie special combination of monopo«ther dircctions. The age of the Tudorswus
Anu the air hath many a Mrd.
Ing of friends to the cause nlght l>efore last-, and deter- the case." " That value which was not due to
lies each variety of finished iron seils in
And soil in u ominp o'er all thu earth.
ame e r a of castle building. I t was a time of
His denunciation of the cormorants who
mined to organize a central club in January, with the individual exert-ion, but to the increase of
And the earth lut» num berloss lands.
tninch clubs under sub-ehart-ers,
America a t about just as much above iho
tfctPcasing wealth and s|»lendor. The pride of thus dei>opulatcd their country has a very
population,
was
the
part
of
the
land
value
the
Yet inUlkMis of hand» want acres,
E. N., Mobile, Alabama: We haTC commenccd the t a x should be put upon." The asscmbly is English priee as the tariff in pig iron amounts
%uih ams beginning to give way to the pride very modcru sound, as has also the complaint
Aud millions of aen» want bands!
organization of a club, and '.*ul report in a few days.
«f riches. It. was equally marked by the whieh fol lo ws, that, though sheep increase
listeniug now. Yes ; aud the people are listcn- to, b» cause there is free competition betweea
J. R., Ansonia, Coiuiccticut: Our first land and labor
taptd reduction of the poor to beggary. Then never so fast " t h e pricc falleth not onemitc,"
ing
to this: " Nationalize the land ! The elec- the mill:-., and if they pay higher wages they
Tls a glarlng liv on the face of day,
club was organized on the 20th of Decembcr. We are
tk «ras t h a t the gttlf between liives and because they are all owned by a few rich men,
This robbcry of men's right»!
goiug ahearl slowly, but swely.
tions are ncar and the remedy is in your hands. get mure thaa their cquivalent in elllcient
Tls a lie that the word of the Lord disowns!
s began t o widen, with tbe positions of who will not seil until the pricc is such as suit-s
E. C. R., Goldendale, Washington Tcrritory: Our taxes Take hold of that which is y o u r s ; rid your- l;>lx»r. But the maker of pig iron must draw
Ti.s a cursc that hurnis and blights.
here are largely levied on improvements and on the selves of your spoilers !"
his supplies from the lonl of the soil and
two, a s given iu the Scripture story, them. He furthcr chargés that " these rich
And twill bum and hlt£ht till the people rise,
large dreves of cattle, hoivcs and sheep. The alternate
must
p'.:.j>" hiin just as much bonus as the tariff
men buy up all, to cngross and forestall, and
And swear, while they break thrlr bands,
The Kapunda Herald gives its renders warnsectious of land throughout the county are held by the
That the hands shall heuceforth have acres,
Northern Pacitle railroad. Still .wc have no railroad, ing of what the present ihreatens for the fu- allowsto be eollcctcfl by raising tlie priee of the
VIL, aseeuding the Utrone with a with their monopoly keep the market as it
And tbe acres henceforth have bands.
and
wc expcct none. Many of our citizens an» dissatis- ture, showing that little more than half the iron, and so when the pig is -urned into bara
plcases
them."
So
long
as
these
cnormities
than doubtful titlc, saw in the conHeil with both t be old partius, and {Will taiie tho new
George
H.
Evans,
brother
of
Frederick
continue
he
tells
his
hearers
that
they
will
exercise of that violeuce by which he
land alieuated in fee simple is now occupied by or nails the bonus nu,»st be enarged on them
road now open to their view.
too to make up for the iucreased cost of the
Evans,
the
eminent
Shaker
elder,
cditcd
and
boast
iu
vain
of
cxecutiug
justice
on
felons,
won the crown the only hope of his
T. F., Pbittsburg, New,York: Iam*clrrnlating"a pcti- freeholders, big land-owners buying up the pig. The mine owner is the only one in the
published
in
this
city
a
weckly
shcet,
entitled
siucc
they
lirst
made
tlueves
and
then
pun•eeurity. He broke the power of the barons,
tlon for natnes of men in full sympathy withjthe views small cstates of their ne-ghbors and leasing to
Young America,
which, though primarily enuiiciatcd in the Clarendon IJali platform, Tand t>hall tenants; and an ofllcial relurn is called for chain whose prutit cannot be regulatcd by a
• a d by arbitrary cxactions, such as cost his islied them.
ereat-grandson not only his crown, but his
that will show the extent of this alarming competitor, and s*.» he Uikcs his protit all the
Iu further discussions with More and Giles, devoted to land reform, abundautly syiupa- send an applkaition for a charter in a fewdays.
C.
F.,
Elizabeth,
New
Jersey:
Inclosed
Ond
application
thized
with
the
Socialist
propagandists.
He
1, h e relicved himsclf from depctldence en Hythlodaye set forth his views as to the duties
tendeney. The people of Kapunda are told way up to where foreign iron can compete.
for charter. Please send at once.
If the »"itatc owned this ore land, as it should,
died
early,
but
the
seeds
he
planted
yet
Uve.
i House of Couuuons.
of kings. He dcscril)ed with bitter irouy the
W. R., Loitfsville, Kentucky: I nave brought the s«ib- that a le vy upon property or incomo,is a to-r,
While
on
this
hemisphcre
the
tcachings
of
jrvt
of
politioa!
organization
ofkijHi
and
labor
clu<>s
Ix-ladiffereucc to po|Miiar right* and favorit- expedieuts by whieh Henry VII. had raised a
because it is upon labor ; but that a levy upon and then we shut out foreign iron by a tariff»
fore
the
rneiubeni
of
my
unu>u,
and
we
have
alrastdy
the
Soeialists
fcook
a
piircly
paciric
and
con•a toward superviccablc bosses aud hench- revenue, aud declared that a ku«g's duty was
land is not a tax, because it is niudc u^on a the State would a t least get the dilference in
tåken sleps to oiganize he.re. Kc^t asurcd there aro
priee, although it would still be a stupid
struct;ve
character,
in
Europc
the
restdts
were
a s w e should aow cail them, g a v e up the to goveru his ]>eoplc with a vie w to their
men in this city who will do their utmost for the sid- value which the state itself has ereated.
policy, but while private ownershir. of mining
largely
warlike
aud
dcstructivc;
but
when
land of the people t o the ro biters peaee aud prosi>erity, instead of seeking to
vancensent cC the cause.
The interest in the question has extended to properties continues, to put a tariff on iron
the
storm
had
passed..
iustitutious
werc
fouud
Who chose t o sette a n d incloseit This mon- en large his dominions—a sentiment greatly at
C. S. P., Heading, Pennsylvania': I have little fait-h in Tasmania. A correspondent writes to one of
and thereby niiso the priee, shaply means
any of the means hcretofore employcd by orgsmized
injustioc marked the growth of that variatice with the opinion of that age. No to be largely liberaUzed.
the journals that a - ^ r e a t proportion of the that we pay a tax, not, as pretenticd, to insure
labor
for
the
betterment
of
the
condition
of
the
masses,
Some
students
of
social
phenomena
think
which filled Ilte land with " s t u r d y kiug should seck to bccome rich, he said, but
but if your national party is to be orgauized on a. platform agriculturists are tenaut farmers ; that a new
urs* in the tame of Henry VHL, and ren- prefer rather to rule a pros])erous pcople— they perceive as regular a movcment of similar to hin upon which Mr. George ran for the may- dcuhtry is cursed with the impoverishing and higher wages in the iron industry, but to
. necessary t h e famous statuteof Eliza- that is, a i>eople among whom wealth is societary forces as that of the tides of the oralty of New York city I will vote w ila you and work degrading conditonsof an old country—slaves benetit certain land owners. AVhen workingmen do this they contribute their share to
providing for the relief of the poor. wide ly ditfused; because, he iusisted, the sea. They claim that one tidal humanitury with you.
aud landords.
W.
E.,
Waco,
Tex:is:
It
will
be
impossible
ffor
mc
to
enrieh a class composed of their bitterest
wave
setin
late
in
the
last
r^ntury
with
the
in bis " H i s t o r y of the English Peo- rich are " covetous and uuprofitable," while,
And then out in Teetulpa they are having euemies.
co-operato. with you on a platform which calls for
w
fe.-"
American
revolution
and
expended
its
force
J, says:
on the othcr haud, the poor by " their daily
politieal action "without distinetion of race or color." trouble. The gold f ever has added to the
itbetimear the Tudor» the di»coat«>fir of labor are more profitable to the common- before the French empire was established, and To organize the bla eks into clubs would not only kill business of Adelaide. Eveu the restaurants
The iron industrj' is only a typieal instance
ciat» bouud tite' wcalthler éLuaæs to tlie wealth than to themselvcs." The cominon- that another tidal wave is now rising, not dc- your movement iu the South, but would ostrweize our- are advertising where men may get their of ti»is working of the tariff, aud as it is the
It «w» to trutt the social daogcr which l a y a t alty, he declared, "choseth their kiug for structivc, but eonstructive, and bearing the seJves. A people numerically strong that can in live
Southern States be cheated or scared out. of their votes last square rneal before going to the diggings, largesc interest in vol ved in our whole sciieme
tawt«r ibe Tudor dvspoUsm. For tbe pruprieiory
genns
of
much
greater
good
to
humanity
than
their
own
sake,
aud
not
for
his
own
sake;"
are
worthless as allies to any cause. The negro is more and rents have gonc up, with the eonseqnenee of protection, it farnishes the licst data from •
itttefvi»rvift.ionor tbe i»«or was a question of Ilte
It was to the scUlsh paaic of t!ie aud for " one man to live in pleasure and did its predecessor, which brougut the Ameri- oiamenace to white Iaboriug'111'.Mi than the Chinaman ol* hcavier chargés to the miners for all they wiuch to judge wliether laws '-protcct labor"
is, because the latter cannot votc. See how Mallory
: ttiat Engrlaud owed Ute Slatute of Laburorv wealth while all others weep aud smart for can aud French rcvolutious.
turu'sl the blacks against the white laborers at Galves- need. from Adelaide. Mr. Henry Taylor has that ut-terly lail to raise wages, but suceted
•Htctriblulieritaeu of paui»crism. It was to the it, is the part, uot of a king, but of a jailer."
Elizabeth, N. J.
J o n x G. Diusw.
ton. Rut I am h»'art and soul wiUi your movement as been preaching a lay sermou to the miners complelely iu inereasing rent.
^fcBBaninøf botb landowuer and aterdisut that «be
applicable
to the civilizatUm of a homogeneous people.
EDWAIID J. SnnivEK.
Hythlodaye insisted that the root of all the
from a text that he has revised to make it
**^["fa**lesspoUiimaf Hie monarcliy.
F. S. C , Rurlington, Iowa: Please send us a form of
I
t
i»,
I
u
t
i
e
e
d
.
evils
he
described
was
private
pr^perty.
read,
"The
hand
of
the
diligent
should
make
application for charter. We are ready U> start with
was the spectacle, spread constantly
Philadelphia Tress, Rep.
rich," in which he shows that even though
l u d f c e u t JExposure.
flfty members.
eyes, t h a t caused a g r e a t aud gen- Christfs gospel taught, he said, that men
The movement in the South Caroiina legisshould
have
ali
their
goods
in
commou.
Only
1
H. K., Galveston, Texas: We shall organize a club they live in bents on free government lands Philaiielphia Pres-s.
like More ^ aroused t o the activity
thus eould avariee aud oppression be avoided; lature to check the spreadjjf the Kmghts of herc to co-opcratc with your centn»i eonunittee. they eould not avoid paying the inereasing
The Standard Oil company is about to be
thought in t h a t wonderful for
Within three nioatbs I have set aliutt lift.v copies of reut roll of the eities in the enhanced cost of
" w h e r e possessions be private, where Labor orgauization in that State is likely to "Progres»
draggcd
into tho courts of Ohio. The result
IUMI Povurty," with the rv^ut»t tv J»eep them
•9 aVsam of a Utopia—a Land of Noj bearetb ali tbe stroite, it is hard aad caueu tbo Democrats senous cmbarrassnients., BttVUUJ.
everything they eat, drink, wear and use.
wiU be au indeceut exposure of a monstrosity.
afsaaki be Asia aiMl
THE NEW PARTY.
THE IRON TARIFF.
I
•
•
•
•
•
»
a
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g
KV?.
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^ - - • : * « ^ -
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-
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MtfmmmsMæå
»m
THE STANDARD, SATURDAY, JANTJARY 8, 1887.
RELIGIOUS.
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«fe
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fk'<**
ii;S£r
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'»V.
&-'.-'
£*•»
:
§*-;.<•. .
t ^ i sa*
is%.
I T i""
,':•: R
yf
Church, of t h a t p a r t of t h e church which is
liberal in gi ving a Ims f o r ^ h e p o o r a n d intolera n t in refusing t o h c c d a c r y for t h e r i g h t of
AT TIIE
CROSS.
t h e poor, which is first generous a n d then n o t
J c w s w e r e wrought t o cruel madness.
a l w a y s just, assumes t h e rolc of d e f e n d e r of
Christians lied in fear and s a d n e s s :
" c e r t a i n c l e r g y m e n , professors a n d t h e o r i s t s "
Mary stood t h e cross beside:
who a p p e a r e d in t h e G e o r g e cauvass, b y
c h a r i t a b l y supposing t h a t a s t h e y a r e w o r k e r s
A t il* foot her foot she plantall,
JJjy t h e dreadf ul M-en*1 utidaimted.
a m c u g t h e poor thcir h e a r t s a r e soft a u d thcir
Till llie y e n t l e sufferer died.
h e a d s likewise. W e think t h e gentlemen ref e r r c d t o a r e able t o t a k e c a r e of thcmselves,
tutni s of t have s i m ? her storyf
B u k t e r s decked her brow w i t h glory,
a n d a r e n o t all thankfid for a d e f e n d e r w h o
Priests her name liavc deitied.
offers a n excuse for their action.
Canon S h u t t l e w o r t h , in o n c of his leetures
B a t n o worshtp, song or glory.
Touches lik»; t h a t simple *>tory—
on Christian Socialism, tel Is of a m a n u f a c t u r e r
Jlat-y stood t h e cross beside.
w h o a d v e r t i s e d for a clerk, offering £75 a y e a r ;
n e x t d a y he h a d a h u n d r c d answers, a m o n g
And w h e n , «auer tieree opprcssioii,
Goodness *uirers like 1 ransgrcssion,
t h e m onc from a m a n who offered t o do t h e
Christ agaiu is crucilied;
W o r k for £45 a y e a r . " W h a t could I do, Mr.
Shuttleworth."' he said. " His tcstimonials w c r e
S u t If love be there, trae-heartad,
b y f a r t h e best, a n d business is business, so I
3Jy n o jrrief er terror parted,
Mary stands the cross beside.
a c c e p t e d him.'.' " W h a t could you d o ? " w a s
W . J . FOX.
t h e reply. " W h y yovf could p a y him the
e x t r a £:>0 a y e a r , you t h o u g h t his labor worth.
A SHORT
SEKUOX.
By p a y i n g him t h e £15 you w e r e simply
t r a d i n g on !iis h u u g r y bclly t o t the e x t e n t of
R y i S i e B e v . William Paley, 1). 1>.
©r- P a l e y , w h o died in 1805, w a s onc of t h e £ZQa vcar."—Christian Herald.
a b l e s t divincs a n d political philosophers t h a t
The Church Reformer (London) s a y s : " On
S
u
u d a y n e x t beforc A d v e n t the priest before
E n g l a n d h a s producod. His w o r k s fill fivc
c
v
e
r y a l t a r in E n g l a n d p r a y e d for a divine
l a r g e vol urnes, a n d present m u c h t h o u g h t t h a t
e
x
c
i
t e m c u t — ' S t i r up, O Lord, w c beseeeh
n o philosophy of m o r e m o d e m d a y s h a s disThee, t h e wills of t h y faithful people. 1 Men
placed. W c collcct a s c r n w n from his " Moral a r e beginning t o see w h a t is a t ^ i e bc»ttom of
a n d Political P h i l o s o p h y - a university t e x t - our misery. H e n r y George's cnormous v o t c
boolc
in N e w Y o r k h a s compelled a t t e n t i o n t o t h e
** F r o m reason, then, o r rcvclation, o r from fact t h a t w h e t h e r o r no relief w o r k s a n d
b o t h t o g e t h e r , it a p p e a r s t o b e G o d A l m i g h t y ^ eight-hour bilis a n d free dinners a r e t o come,
intention t h a t t h e productions of t h e e a r t h nothing can d o a u y good p e r m a n e n t l y while
«hould be applied t-t» «he sustenatiou of human land, t h e mother, is divorced from labor, t h e
life. Consequentty, all w a s t c a n d misappliea- father of all wealth. If t h e u " G o d ' s s e r v a n t s
t i o n o f these prt.duelions is e o n t r a r y t o t h e who did t h e ckurelVs w o r k on t h a t S u n d a y in
divine intention a n d will. Such a s w h a t is re- T n i f a l g a r Srniare, in c r e a t i n g a divine excitel a t c d of William the Conqueror. t h e eonvert- ment, in asking t h e qucstion how t h e h u n g r y
i n g of t w e n t y m a n o r s in t o a fo r e s t for hunt- a r e t o be fed, a n d in protesting a g a i n s t t h e
i n g ; or, whieh is not much belter, su .Tering opprcssioii of tiie poorest labnrer, a r e to cont h e m t o eonlmue in I h a t s t a t e ; oi- t h e letting tinuc iheir w o r k t o completion, t h e y must go
of l a r g e t r a c t s of l a n d lie b a r r e n because t h e boldly for nothing less t h a n the full rcstora« w t i e r c a n n o t c u l t i v a t c then;, nor will p a r t tl on t o t h e people of t h e whole of the value
t h e y g i v c t o t h e l a n d ; t h e y m a y natioualj/.e
"With xhein t o t h o s e w h o can. . - .
""From t h e s a m e intention of G o d A l m i g h t y machincry, capital, w h a t t h e y like, but unt il
m*eahsu d e d u e e miother conclusion, namely, t h e y h a v e nat iona lized t h e land t h e p o v e r t y
••iiat nothin:r ought, ro be m a d e exclusivc of t h e w o r k e r s will remain."
fwoperty which eau be convcoicntly cnjoyed
T h e Church Times (London) h a s m o r e t h a n
i n <xamno1i.1
*
one
a d v e r t i s e m e n t like this: " T o be Sold, the
4t
It is t h e g e n e r a l intention of God Almighty Advowson, o r n e x t preseutation to a desirabe
t h a t th-> p r o d a e e oi t h e e a r t h be applied te» R e e tory, (»0 miles N. W . of London. PopulaHie usc of man. This a p p e a r s from t h e eon- tion (500. Incumbent in his S2ud y e a r . I n c o m e
stitutior. of nature, or. if you wilL from His £500.—Address, e t c . "
e x p r e s s d c e l a r a t i o n ; a n d this is all t h a t a p The " T i t h e W a r " of W a l e s i s * e i n g mainly
p e a r s a t first. U n d e r this general d e r i v a t i o n
f
ought
in E n g l a n d . Church tithes a r e on t h e
« n e m a n lias t h e same rigot a s another.
You
land,
the
intention being t h a t t h e lords of land
pluck a u a p ] v c frum a t r e c o r t a k e a lamb
should
p
a
y
t h e m ; b u t t h e y shift t h e burden
from a tlock for y o u r immediatc use a n d nouron
t
h
e
t
c
n
a
n
t w h e u e v e r t h e y can. The conishment, ajid I d o t h e same, a n d w c b o t h
t
r
o
v
e
r
s
y
is
assuming
t h e widcst scopc a n d is
p l c a d f o r w h a t v.e *io i.he g e n e r a l intention
now
bringing
the
whole
land qucstion before
4»t ihe S u p r e m c Propriet^ »r. S' > far all is r i g h t :
those
w
h
o
h
a
v
e
refused
to
heed it.
b u l y o u c a u o t eiaim the. wholc t r c e or t h e
•whole flockand exelude m e from a n y s h a r e
The Church 1 tnic.s* s a y s : " I f all t h e lay imof tJhcm, a n d plead this g e n e r a l intention for p r o p r i a t o r s of tithes—who a r e simply t o bo rew h a t y o u d o . The pl oa will not ser\*e y o u ; g a r d e d in the light of rcccivers of stolen
y o u m u s t show something more. Y o u m u s t goods—wcre t o restorc their p r o p e r t y to t h e
show, by probable a r g u m e n t s , a t least, t h a t it Church, w e d o not see t h a t t h e r e would be
I s G o d N intcuiioii t h a t these things s h o u l d b e much • bounty '• in it, but simply honesty. W e
p a r c e l e d o u t t o individual^, a n d t h a t t h e es- should like to know w h e t h e r robbery from
taMished distribution under whieh you elaim God is t o be r e g a r d e d in a more vcnal light
d i o u l d b e upholdcxi. Show m e this a n d I a m t h a n r o b b e r y from mau, a n d further, w h e t h e r
satistied. But unlil tlus be shown t h e g e n e r a l t h e fact of t h e king or p a r l i a m e n t being t h e
intention which h a s been m a d e :ippear, a n d robbers neccssarily m a k e s such a difference
whicli is all t h a t does a p p e a r , m u s t p v e v a i l ; m o r a l ly in t h e E i g h t h C o m m a n d m e n t a s t o
a n d tinder tkut, my tille is a s good a s yours. distinguish t h e Whitcchapcl or Scven Dials'
3iow, tijere is no a r g u m e n t t o induce such a ruffiau from the c r o w n c d dignitary, or t h e
presumption but-oue; t h a t t h e t h i n g c a u n o t m e m b e r s of t h e upper a n d lower houscs of
b e « n j o y e d a t all, or cnjoyed w i t h t h e s a m e parJiament. Money stolen from the Church is
o r with n e a r l y t h e sanse a d v a u t a g e , while it stolen, a n d those who receive t h e proceeds of
oontinues in commen, a s when a p p r o p r i a t c d . it—no m a t t e r t h r o u g h how m a n y generatious
T h i s i s t r u e w h e r e this is not* cnough for all, it h a s passed—are simply t h e receivers of
« r w h e r e t h e article in qucstion requires c a r e stolen p r o p e r t y . The thing is plain enough.
o r l a b o r in t h e produetion or p r a s e r v a t i o n : but Y o u c a n ' t legalize a c t s which a r e in thcmselves
w h e r c n o such reason obtains, a n d t h e t h i n g is dishouest, unless you • r e f o r m ' t h e Decalogue
i n i t s n a t u r e capable of being cnjoyed by a s a n d strike t h e ' n o t ' o u t of t h e E i g h t h Comm a n y a s will, it secms a n a r b i t r a r y usurpa- m a n d m e n t . " The Church Jieformer, quoting
t i o n upon t h e r i g h t s of mauhood t o contiuc from t h e above, hits a h a r d blow, t h u s : " F o r
i b e u s e of i t t o a n y . "
* l a y impropriators of t i t h e s ' r c a d ' l a n d l o r d s ; '
for - C h u r c h ' r e a d • n a t i o n ; ' a n d t h e above
p a s s a g e m i g h t almost lx; supposcd t o be an
KEWS AND OPINIONS.
e x t r a c t from ' P r o g r e s s a n d P o v e r t y . ' W e
T h e following is from a n interview with t h e think of offering a special prize to a n y r e a d e r
B e r . S y l v e s t e r Maloue, p a s t o r of Sts. P e t e r of t h e Church Timen w h o c a n reconcile tlie
a n d PauTs R. C. C h m v h . Brookij^n, b y a r e - a b o v e q u o t c d passage with the denunciations
p o r t e r of t h e World: " It' w h a t H e n r y G e o r g e of l a u d natioualizers a s b r e a k e r s of t h e E i g h t h
proposcs could be c a r r i e d out it would be of C o m m a n d m e n t which h a v e rccently a p p e a r e d
g r c a t bene tit t o t h e pot>r of t h e country, a n d in t h e same p a p e r . "
w o u l d n o t inj u r e the rich." " I s t h e r c a n y A committee appointcd by Archbishop
t h i n g in G e o r g s philosophy whieh is opposed
E l d e r , of Cincinnati, h a s presentcd a plan t o
t o t h e Catholic C h u r c h V " I c a u n o t sea t h a t
liquidutc t h e Purcell debts.
t b e r e is*"
The Moniteur de Home, t h o u g h t t o be a n ocD r . J o h n Hall, spys a ruling c i d e r raay p r o - casional o r g a n of the Pope, spcaking of the
n o u u c e tlie bcuediction. The
Pradtiftcria;i 0"Bricn a u d Dillon plan of campaign, says
Journal thinks h e m a y not. A minister in t h e t h a t it " i s almost identical with t h a t of a
R c f o r m c d Church s a y s t h e ruling ekler h a d a t r a d e strike, modiiied in its application to a g l i g h t t o s a y " G r a c e a n d peacc abide with us ricultural tenancies."
allji' b u t n o t •• with you ali. 1 '
The Catholic Herald s t a t e s t h a t some oue, (a
I n a country parish i:t G e r m a n y a few Sun- clergyman.') e n d e a v o r e d to orgunize JI boycott
d a y s a g o t h e pr:«yers of t h e congregation a g a i n s t it because it be lie ved God said, " The
wrcre a s k e d by a m a u who h a d suddcnly be- l a u d is mitie a n d it must not be sold forcver."
c o m e r i c n . The p r a y e r w a s v e r y eariiest.
The Sun h e a r d of it a u d g o t the cditor's stateT h e Christian al Hork u d m i t s t o i t s c o l u m n s ment, but it w a s suppressed.
a s t r o n g a r g u m e n t u g a i u s t taxation of imThe P r e s b y t e r i a n s on this side - of t h e Atp r o v e m e a t s jtud in favur OL t h e s t a t e eouus- lantic d o not wish a n iota of t h e s t a n d a r d s
« a t m g t h e u n c a r n c u increiuent of value in c h a n g e d , b u t their English brethren a r e a t
l a n d , signed by Mainville Burroughs.
w o r k on t h e Confession of Faith, a n d niean to
The Catholic tl?ral<l a s k s : ' • H e n of Labor, give t h e historie document a more liberal
a r e y o u r e a d y ? I s t h e r e s t r c n g t h in y o u r c h a r a c t e r t h a n it h a s presentcd.
b r a i n a s t h e r e is b r a w n in y o u r a r m i A r e you
p r c p a r c d t o r e s t y«»ur c a use on the c t c r o a l
THE COTTON SEED TRUST.
j u s t i c e of t h e L«.«rd, who proclaimcd t h a t t h e
e a r t h w a s his, a n d t h a t it should a o t be sold
forcver C
A New Monopoky t h a t Ex t e r t a Money from
F r o m t h e same these t w o i t e m s :
S o u t h e r n lM-uitcrN.
T h e R e v . F a l h e r Kuhlman pc-:lishcs a pa p e r
Mr. Alexander Campbell, of Concordia pari n Marshall, 111. I t is commended by A r c h - ish, Louisiana, w r i t e s to t h e Wheeling, W. Vu.,
b i s h o p F c c h a n of Chicago u s a «rood C a t h InteUigencer, deseribing cotton raising a s now
olic fiapcr. I t is c a livd Church Progress.
In
c
a r r i e d on in t h e South. In t h e course of his
a r e e e n t issue it s a i d : " If t h e labor men of
Philadelphia ouly sii«»w tlieir strengt li, a s did letter he s a y s :
t h c i r fcllow-workmen of New Y o r k , success
" J u s t a s w c l>egau t o sec daylight, a n d h a v e
m a y c r o w n tlieir ciTorts. W c a r e heartily in bright hopes t h e price of cotton w a s knocked
f a v o r of such a p a r t y , or a n y m e a u s n d o p t e d down, a u d t o a d d to this misfortuue, some
t o a m e l i o r a t c '.he coudition of labor.
T h e p a r t i e s in t h e N o r t h a n d hcre b a n d c d t o g e t h e r
mono|K>lisis of t h e c o u n t r y a r e united to d r a g and bought most of t h e cotton seed mills a n d
a s m u c h labi»r U:v us iiitlc }>ay a s possiblc o u t l o r m c d a ' Cotton S e e d Oil a n d T r u s t como f t h e l a b o r i a g m a n , a n d it is ouij' right a u d pany. 1 This company w o r k s after the methods
J u s t t h a t Lheir cxoi blLunfc d e m a n d s l>e m e t of t h e ' S t a n d a r d Oil company,' a n d it is unw i t h united s t r c u g t k ; u t b e pari; of labor t o d e r s t o o d t h a t the ' Cottou Seed Oil a n d Trust
r e c e i v e a m p l c p a y for t h c i r daily toil.-'
c o m p a u y ' w a s orgauizcd by some members of
J»% A n d e ver, Mass., is t h e oldest tlieological t h e ' S t a n d a r d Oil company.' Wc formerly
*<:tt»ol in tlie c o u n t r y . T h e devout phi lan- sold our seed t o t h e ' Cotton Seed association'
t h r o p i s l s who foundcd it d c c l a r e d its pur{x)se in New Orleans a t w h a t c v e r y p l a n t e r t h o u g h t
t h u s : " To jn-ovidc for t h e church a learucd, ruiuous priees. W e received ou the Jandiyg
o r t h o d o x a n d pi«;.us minisiry. 1 ' I t is u n d e r from §8 t o $12 p e r ton for t h e p a s t fcw y e a r s ,
t h e Control of CouiiTegationalist^s. Onc of its but now comes this t r u s t company a n d kuocks
profess.-»?--, Dr. S n r : ; h . is now on trial under t h e price squarc to $0 j>er ton, a n d all mills
c h a r g é s of hetcrodoxy. The dccision of this uot in ihe combination a r e d r i v e n to the wall.
c a s e will aifcct the posiiion of three, a n d R a i l r o a d s and s t e a m b o a t s a r e in some w a y
p e r h a p s four o t h e r professors in t h e same in- mixed up in t h e business. I t is r e g a r d e d by this
«titution. The general iutercst in this trial c o m p a n y a s p r o p e r to r o b t h c now almost helpc a i l s for a fcw w o r d s of cxplauation. T h e less planter. A sevcn-million bale cro]» of
chief hercsy a l l c g c d is " P r o b a t i o n a f t e r cotton would produce about t h r e e a n d a half
d e a t h , ' ' by which is m c a u t t h a t for some men, million lons of seed. Not even a third of t h e
if n o t for all, t h e r e will be a u cx-jcrieuee a f t e r c r o p is now m a n u f a c t u r c d iuto oil, oil cake a n d
d c p a r t u r c frem this life in which ihey will be cotton seed meal. The other two-thirds a r e
tricd—-as w c a i e here—with t h e a c c e p t a n c e o r used on the land for seed t o p l a n t a u d a s ferrejcctioa of t h e Christ. The professors man- tilizcrs. The j)roduct of a ton of seed is said
fully a d m i t t h a t ihey hold a n d t e a e h this t o t o produce, by some process known to the t r u s t
b e probable t r u t a , b u t de.ny t h a t it is in an- company, 50 gallous of oil, w o r t h 30 c e n t s ;
t a g o n i s m with a u y pw.rt- of the c r e e d o r stand- 1,000 po-iuds of oil cake, w o r t h 1 cent per
a r d s which Ihey a c c e p t e d a n d signed. 31uch p o u n d ; :JU pounds cottou lint, 5 cents per
o f t h e c o n t r o v e r s y h a s bt^cn d i r e c t c d t o w a r d p o u n d ; netting the company SS2.50 for w h å t
t b c rclation of this doetriue t o foreign mis- t h c y p a i d ^ U , a u d about $2.50 or &J p e r ton
sions. M a u y of t h e gra<luatcs of Andover freight. So you see w h a t a sum is realizcd by
a a v e been sent t o heat hen lands. The qucs- t h e t r u s t company for the m a u u f a c t u r e of one
t i o n b a s a twof<sld application t o this m a t t e r : lon of seed.
S h a l l a n y A n d o v e r y o u n g man be sent t o
" While I h a v e said so much about t h e ext h e for^ ign ficld in t h e future w h o holds this tortion of commission m e r c h a n t s , t h e y h a v e
v i e w 'i a n d , W h a t is Uie need of sending mis- their side of t h e qucstion, a n d consider they
sionaries t o t h e hcathcu if a f t e r this life Christ h a v e good reasons for conducting business iu
i s t o be p r e s e n t c d for thcir a c c e p t a n c e i The t h e m a n n e r they do, knowing t h e uncertainty
first qucstion will be p a r t l y , }>crkaps ful ly, of crops, t h e c h a r a c t e r of t h e laborers, a n d in
a u s w e r c d by tlie rcsult of tliis p r e s e n t trial. m a n y cases t h e p l a n t e r s thcmselves, who h a d
T h e sccoud is a u s w e r e d by t h e assertion t h a t no experience with frce labor, a n d h a v e h a d
C h i i s t i a n i t y h a s v e r y much t o g i v c for t h e t o learu by testing din"crent plans, a n d iu
spiritual culturc a n d comfort of men in this m a n y cases making u t t e r failures, t h e m e r life. G o o d m e n w i t h t h e best intentions a r e c h a n t s h a v e been liberal in m a n y instances
o n b o t h sides of t h e t r i a l .
a n d h a v e d o n e m o r e for p l a n t e r s t h a n I would
T h e ChurchmaM,
t h e o r g a n of t h e conser-
h a v e d o n e h a d I been e n g a g e d in t h e business
a a d k n o w n w h a t I d o of t h e råks t h e y t a k e . "
LABOR.
in the E i g h t h s t r e e t hall after M a y 1, w h e n
t h e lease of Clarendon ball expires.
The Fifth a v e n u e s t a g e d r i v e r s a r e o r g a n ized to a man into a p o w e r i u l p r o t e c t i v e association. Beecntly tlieir w a g e s were. raised
a n d their hours reduced.
The old y e a r closed amid general prognostications by t h e p r e s s t h a t t h e K n i g h t s of L a b o r
a r e about to divide, a n d t h a t a bitter w a r f a r e
bctween t h e original b o d y a n d t h e new t r a d e
The suspender, collar but ton a n d necktie
federation will folio w. In so m a n y cases the
wish is father t o t h e thought t h a t these rc- p c d l a r s in t h e neighborhood of the City Hall,
p o r t s must be t a k e n with m a n y grains of on t h e B o w e r y aud along F o u r t e e n t h street,
allowance. Perfect h a r m o n y in so l a r g e a a r e organized into a. protective association,
b o d y a s t h e K n i g h t s of L a b o r would be some- with a price-scale a n d rules calculated t o
thing unprccedented, a n d it is unquestionablc break t h e herce ccmpetitive spirit t h a t ruins
t h a t differences h a v e ariseu lietweeu the the t r a d e of o t h e r individual salesmen a n d
K n i g h t s a n d some of t h e r e g u l a r t r a d e orgaui- cauvassers. They w e r e organized during the
zations. Such differences a r e no g r e a t c r , how- past y e a r by the Jewish W o r k i n g m e n ' s union,
ever, t h a n h a v e frequently ariscn between a n d send a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e t o t h e C e n t r a l
other independent men aiming a t one end, b u t L a b o r union, w h e r e t h e voice of a Vesey
holding v a r y i n g opinions a s . to meaus. The street v e u d e r is a s respectfully listened to a s
more frank a u d vigorous t h e dispute, the t h a t of a tlrst-violin d e l e g a t e from some
sooner a reasonable basis of settlement is musical union.
likely to be reaebcd. The existiug differences
The workingwomen's fair will be continued
a p p e a r t o be largely coutined to otlleers a n d
a t 302 Bowery during the g r e a t e r p a r t of tliis
leaders, a n d t h e g r e a t body of orgauizcd
mont-h. I t is s t a t e d t h a t a §2,000 installment
w-orkingmen will never consent to a n y such
has been b a n d c d over to the trustees of t h e
outcome of t h e dispute a s will cause a p e r m a L e a d e r Publishing association t o w a r d t h e
nent disunion in thcir ranks. N o t only is t h e
new press*.
neccssity of union g r e a t e r t h a n e v e r before,
A t a meeting of the Manu fact urers' Associb u t the p o w e r t h a t they have, when united, disployed a t t h e polls encourages all to iusist ation of the Brass a n d Iron T r a d e held in the
with inercased dctermination on h a r m o n y of Mononghela house, P i t t s b u r g , May 11,12 a n d
action. T H E S T A X D A R D , in summarizing the 13, 1880. it w a s formally resolvcd :
That w e reeonim'»nd l o ea<-h ::ieml»;r of this astsociamost i m p o r t a n t news of the labor movement,
does not, thereforc, r c g a r d it a s uecessary to tio» tojrnuit to the men in his employ flve hours out of
oaeh week to be iri\ en in such manuer ;ws may VK? agreetl
dwell upon d i s p u t e s t h a t must in t h e v e r y na- upon with his employe?.
t u r e of things be eventually settled by a j u s t
The men on their p a r t a g r e e d n o t t o ask for
•compromi.se, a n d which meanwhilc a r e not an increase of w a g e s for the t e r m of t w o
witbout some beneficial effect iu keeping alivc y e a r s . To-day theré are. t w o h u n d r e d a n d ten
intercst a n d t h o u g h t t h r o u g h o u t the whole men out on strike because members' of t h e
labor organization.
m a n u f a c t u r e r s ' association broke their cout r a c t by t a k i n g a w a y the S a t u r d a y half-holiThe r e e e n t victory for organized labor in d a y . Three months sincc the mi % mbers of the
Brooklyn w a s a s complcte a s it w a s prompt. m a n u f a c t u r e r s ' association in this city m a d e a u
The employcs of eleven horse-car lines went a t t e m p t t> force their men ba cl: on the old
out a t i:^0 a. m. on T h u r s d a y of last week. time schedule. The men objected on t h e
Tbc president of t h e company controlhug the g r o u n d s t h a t t h e c o n t r a c t of May wtis to cover
lines bad haughtily refused t o p e r m i t a n y "out- the t e r m of t w o y e a r s , a n d w a s by t h e m considers"—that is, offlcers uf K n i g h t s of Labor— sidered binding. The executive board of brassto interferc between him a n d " his men." In t h e w o r k e r s deeided t h a t the meu will not r e t u r u
course of the d a y t h e president not only con- t o w o r k until t h e m a n u f a c t u r e r s ' association
ferred with t h e executive l»oard of District acknowledge the binding force of the c o n t r a c t
Assembly 75, K. of L., but with t h e m a y o r a n d e n t e r e d into last May. The funds of the exS t a t e A r b i t r a t o r Donovan, a n d the- company ecutive committee a r e in good condition, a n d
a g r e e d tv»emph>y t h e couductors a n d d r i v e r s a t the watclnvord is no surrender.
two dollars a d a y ; t h a t t w e l v e hours should
The legislative committee of the Ohio S t a t e
constituLc a s t r a i g h t d a y ' s work arid fonrtecu t r a d e assembly met a t Columbus on the 2'.'tb
hours one with swings. They a g r e e d t h a t a
ult. t o p r e p a r e labor bilis for submission to
committee of one from each of the r o a d s
t h e general assembly. Mr. Hysell, chairman
should sett le all grievances. Tlie d e m a n d s of
of the eommiitee, told a r e p o r t e r t h a t it is
t h e men hnviug thus been compiied with, the
impossible to say whether t h e r e will be a
strike endetl t h a t night. Onc s a l u t a r y rosult
third p a r t y in the held. The sentiment in
is a reasonable expectation t h a t tbc neccsfavor of such a movement is growing, however,
s;iry a r r a n g e m e n t s for the new y e a r will be
and is a l r e a d y especially strong in cities. Many
m a d e in N e w Y o r k witbout r e s o r t t o a u y
strikes. There is, however, some fear of f a r m e r s ure inclined in the same w a y , and i f
trouble over t h e d e m a n d of t h e B r o a d w a y t h e feeling g r o w s a m o n g t h e l a t t e r t h e r e is
d r i v e r s a n d couductors for a n inercase of no question t h a t a new p a r t y will be p r o m p t l y
organized. A eonvention t o decide this m a t of w a g e s t o §2.25 a daj T .
t e r will assemble a t Columbus on F e b r u a r y 22.
The R a i l r o a d braneh of t h e Y o u n g Men's
The Ohio Valley
lindyet,
published a t
Christian association m e t in t h e basement of
t h e G r a n d C e n t r a l d e p o t on Tuesday evening. Wheeling, W e s t Virginia, has j u s t p u t in a
Mr. Cornelius Yanderbilt presided an<l Chaun- new press, t h e moncy for whieh w a s raised by
cey M. Depew w a s t h e o r a t o r of the evening. the t r a d e s unions of the valley. The first
Both gentlemen expresscd a high opinion of labor p a p e r s t a r t e d in Wheeling w a s comthose r a i l w a y workmen who never g a v e the pelled to suspend because tbc leeal p r i n t e r s
compauics a n y trouble, a n d both t h o u g h t t h a t refused t o print it. The labor organizations
things were really much b e t l e r t h a n t h e thercupon began raising moncy to buy a press,
wicked a g i t a t o r s represented them to be. A s a n d the BwigeFs maehine is the result. A comMr. Yanderbilt presided it is to be prcsumed bination of the t r a d e s in s u p p o r t of the
t h a t he is a member a n d thereforc both a Wheeling t y p o g r a p h i c a l union has just suew o r k i n g m a n a n d a Christian. Mr. Depew ceeded in eompclling t h e daily p a p e r s in t h a t
boldly claimed t h a t he w a s a workingman, corj>oration-ridden city to t a k e back their
a n d a s be h a d been m o d e r a t e l y successful uuiou printers.
himself he feit t h a t there w a s no g r e a t reason
The cases of the New H a v e n Journal
and
for eomplaint among bis fellow workingmen.
The whole futurc looked rosy t o him when he Courier boycotters will be a r g u e d before
contemplated the fact t h a t lO.OOCs members of the supreme court bench, H a r t f o r d , J a n . 14.
the association h a d laken 50,000 baths. If
The d o s e of t h e old y e a r w a s m a r k e d b y
this does not settle t h e labor problem, w h a t the sueeess of a g r e a t strike of the employcs
will ?
of t h e Phil adel phia,& R e a d i n g r o a d in resistThe 2,010 car-drivers who paid $1 apieee for ing an a t t e m p t to reduee their w a g e s . The
their licenses last winter can h a v e their money reductiou a p p e a r s t o h a v e been a t t e m p t e d
r c t u r n e d by calling on the city p a y m a s t e r , wilb a view to throwing on the workmen
who h a s been nuthocized t o t h a t effect by t h e some portion of t h e burden t o which t h e uncorporation eounsel. The city ordinanee mak- fortuuate R e a d i n g compauy h a s been subing provision for the tern.s a n d price ol the j e c t e d by the blundering of its m a n a g e r s .
licens«i w a s d e c l a r c d to be unconstitutional.
On the Ist inst. the board of arbitration, t o
whom
w a s r c f e r r e d the differences between
On t h e 3d of December the Equality association (salespeoplo) published i», circular to tlie t h e coal miners and o p e r a t o r s in t h e
employcs ol* the d r y , fancy a n d gents" furnish- Mahoning valley of Ohio, deeided t h a t t h e
ing goods stores, a p a r t of which w a s a s fol- w a g e s should be a d v a n c e d from lifty-live to
l o w s : " H a v i n g determined io d e m a n d of the sixty-live cents a ton. The t h r e e thousand
employers iu these stores a shorteiiing of the men interested a e c e p t t h e dccision and will
hours of labor, we desire to call y o u r atten- return to work.
tion to the fact t h a t on a n d after S u t u r d a y ,
District Assemblies57and loOof the K n i g h t s
J a n u a r y 8, 1S.S7, w e shall d e m a n d t h a t six of L a b o r h a v e issued a circular deseribing the
o'clock ]». m. be the hour for closing the stores active and successful efforas of P. D. Armour,
on Sat-urday, thereby making six o'cloek the
" the largest pork a u d beef p a e k e r in the
r e g u l a r closiug titne for e v e r y d a y in t h e
world," to p r e v e n t the sueeess of the eight
week."
hour effort atal to b r e a k it down after it w a s
One of the. m o s t p r o s p e r o u s organizations in once temporarily estabiished.
The circular
this city is Furniture W o r k e r s ' union No. 7. s a y s :
During t h e y e a r j u s t closed t h e y won thirtyThe eight hour system pave preneral sutisfaefkm to the
one of the thirty-live strikes they engageil in, men, am i nowhere upon this eontinenL w.-re then* a
more eheerful and willint,' lot of emplnyes Ihan the men
a n d reduced the hours to an a v c r a g e of nine orraekin^town.
After the seeond week of tln> inauiniper d a y in fifty-four shops, a n d they paid out nviion of the eijfht hour day, th»; meu had i-eiu-ht.-d and
to members who lost tools by tire§l,0'.»5. Dur- passed the old ten hour eapacity. Notwithsta-ndin!?
this, I-". 1>. Armour plotted day :nnl tii^ht to uverthrow ;i
ing the last three months w a g e s h a v e been in- system
whieh jrave j f n e r a l sut isf:ii-i i.m to ihe men, and
c r e a s e d iu nine workshops.
The q u a r t c r l y pV.u-ed him at no peeuniary dis;ivlvantn.t?e. W h y !
eleetion of oificers took plaee Tuesdaj' uight. Simply beeause this doinini-erinir eotnmereial autoer.it
had for onee been foiired to yield a point to his workmt;n
National S e c r e t a r y Einrich s;iys w a g e s a n d without hus eonsent.
w o r k a r e g o o d t h r o u g h o u t t h e entire t r a d e .
Tim cireular d e c l a r e s that, despite the reA t a me.eting of an organization of ma- scinding of the resolution of the p a c k e r s to
cbinists t h e other night a motion w a s m a d e employ no more K n i g h t s of Labor, discriminat h a t hereafter no person would be eligible to tion against organized labor still continues,
membership who h a d not d e c l a r e d his inten- a n d t h e r e is a s t e a d y importation of " s c a b "
tion to beeoiiie a citi/.en of the United States. labor by the employers. The circular calls on
Tne motion w a s not carried, but it w a s re- workmen to t r e a t Mr. A r m o u r wiih the same
solved to enjoin ii])on all members—new a n d hostiltty that he has display ed t o w a r d organold—the du t y of beeoming Citizens a n d volers. ized labor. The assemblies suggest t h a t m e a t
p r e p a r c d iu d i s r e g a r d of liberty a n d justice is
The P r o g r e s s i v e Bakers will hold a rna ss not likely to be digestible in the stomachs of
meeting in P y t h a g o r a s hall to-night. They workingmen.
h a v e deeided to d r a f t for preseutation to the
S e c r e t a r y Geis of t h e rccently-formed Nalegislature a bill forbidding more t h a n t c h
tional
Clotbing C u t t e r s ' union, s a y s t he proshours a s a d a y ' s work in bakeries, tind will
pect
is
for a l a r g e and poweriul body.
probably eleet to-niglit a d e l e g a t e to the s t å l e
A
l
r
e
a
d
y
Milwaukee, Chicago, Cincinnati,
t r a d e s assembly which mects in Albany on tlie
18th, who will e n d e a v o r to get the indorsc- Cleveland, Roehester, Syracuse, Baltimore, n
inent of t h a t body for t h e proposed measure Philadelphia, N e w a r k , Brooklyn, and, of
coursts New Y o r k , a r e represented.
before t a k i n g it before the legislature.
I t has been deeided by t h e m a n a g e m e n t of
The United F r a m e r s h a v e ictroduced a new
the Brooklyn Eagle to employ union forccs in
plan for forciug the p a y m e n t of w a g e s from
all the d e p a r t m e n t s , from the composing-room
unjust and stubborn bosses. They h a v e hud a
te» the press-room.
elaim of §00 against a P a r k plaee man placed
Five striking b r e w e r s w e r e a r r e s t e d in
in t h e h a n d s of the Central L a b o r union's boyPhiladelphia
on Tuesday by a police lieucott committee for colleetion.
t e n a n t a n d t w o p r i v a t e detectives.
When
An organization of K n i g h t s of L a b o r in this
the prisi>ucrs w e r e brought before t h e m a g iscity is liamed t h e F o r e o r d a i u e d association.
t r a te their captors testified t h a t they h a d not
They a r e eoal shovelcrs, a n d although, perseeu the men commit a u y a c t of violetiee.
haps, doomed to h a r d work a n d low wages,
The m a g i s t r a t e discbarged the men with t h e
they have b e i t e r e d their present condition a n d
r e m a r k t h a t t h e y ought not to h a v e been
prospcets v e r y much by organiziug.
arrested. Nothing has y e t been done t o w a r d
The M a n h a t t a n association of sewin^ rna- the puuisbment of the police lieutenant a n d
chiue salesinen a r e m daily expectation of a the p r i v a t e detectives who p e r p e t r a t e d the
favorable settlement with the Singer com- o u t r a g e .
pany, whom they h a v e been iightiug nearly a
The men on the coal docks a t Elizabethport,
y e a r , for unjust t r e a t m e u t . A committee of
N. J., struek on Monday a g a i n s t a reduetion
the New Y o r k protective association h a v e
of w a g e s of t w o a n d a half cents an hour. A
had several conferenees w i t h M a n a g e r W a t similar strike took plaee a t Bayonne. N. J . A s
son which promisc well.
a cousequence the collienes of the Wilkesbarre
A m o n g the members of T y p o g r a p h i c a l Union region shipping over t h e New J e r s e y Central
No. 0 t h e r e is whispered hope of an e a r l y a d - r o a d a r e idle, t h r o w i n g eight thousand men
j u s t m e n t with the New Y o r k Iribune.
a n d boys out of work. An a t t e m p t is m a d e
The New Y o r k P r o t e c t i v e association (D. by the newspapers to t h r o w the respousibility
A. 4ii) now holds its mectings on S u u d a y s in of this misfortuue on t h e dock workmen, but
P y t h a g o r a s hall, beginning a t 3 o'clock in it is dilllcnlt t o see how the companies t h a t
took the initiativc in a t t e m p t i n g t<> reduee
the aftcrnoon.
w a g e s a n d thus precipitated the strike,can set
The N e w Y o r k C e n t r a l L a b o r union w a s up such a elaim.
never before so well q u a r t e r e d a s now. I t
The second international eonvention of
h a s t w o floors fu Hy furnisbed, b e a t e d a n d
spring
a n d axle workers began in Allegheny,
lighted in a building known a s Central L a b o r
Uuiou hall, a n d t h e passing public a r e a t - P a . , on Tuesday.
t r a c t e d t o it by t w o l a r g e gliiss globes a p p r o I t is said t h a t t h e c a r p e n t e r s of Chicago å r e
p r i a t e l y l e t t c r e d a n d illuminatcd a t n i g h t organizing to secure an eight-Uour working
The central body will hold its Sunday
day during the oominc seaaoo*
'.
T3ROTECTION
The difference between t h e Baltimore a n d
Ohio R a i l r o a d company a n d the engineers on
t h e P i t t s b u r g division of the r o a d h a v e been
settled by a eompromise.
E*pecia! liesrard
ol
BY
HENRY GEORGE.
Price, ?1.59.
"Another jrrea*. book, w r i t t e n in t h a t clear, elogoent,
analvtu-al styhi that made farne for' Pro^reba and POTert vi' The most th-rouirh iiiv.-sThmtion of the subj«c$
t h a t has y e t been o u t ir.Lo type."—.V. 1". Xem.
" Wlieover w a n t s to see t h e stronpest arsrumentT—oot
only asmin^t proterti>»n. but against ail tariff, and la
favor not of reve:eie n>form. but of absohn f free trade,
]>resented with that elearuess whieh eomes ef deflaite
eonvicl ions, perf»vl fearlfssm^ss and a rare jrift of imag»
inative pereei>rioii—will tind it in Henry GeonreVi t i s t
contribution toeconomic liteniture."—Christian Union,
II», ,.
" >Ir. Georpe has written a s an econonnst and a refi-»rnier; y e a , more than that, a.-, a patriot and a Christian. W e Ii«trtily commer.d his h«ik to all who wish ta
s e e an inrclliffcnt diseusMON of a live and popular quea>
tion.'"— Church lYess, N e w York.
" I t s artrnment- on the main qucstion Is "simplyunanswenible, and it i» s t a t e d so el:>arly, so ealmly. a»d 53
ilu-p:i>sienatelv, that ntnie but th«>se whose minds ars
se:ded apr:iin.' t a l l rea-wn on \l:\» subje ( t can fail to be
eonvim-ed bv il; and f ven many of ti» : ••, will tind aa
uuusual inteljfHiiual en.i'»yment in re;id;niraU>ok so admiral lv wrirton, 111 Kn'^!Mi of th;' p«"«-st water, titte»!
enualiy fur the refifshment of the w ise arnl 1 he instructi."'ii o'r the ignorant."—Thomas U. She:irinan, in Xem
Yur': Star.
" W r i t t e n w i t h a clravness, a visor, and a tersene
that a t onee attraet."—rhihidefphia
liecord.
m»
"This book will be a elassie. Never w a s such arsn.
inent, smdi clear dedueli->n put b e t w e e n covers.*'—Bur
litigton. Ir» rost.
OTIIER WORKS BY SA3IE AUTHOR.
Proprress and Poverty, cloth,
^*rice, tVXi
"
"
paper,
JO
Soeial Problems, elr.th, 1.03
paper,
J3G
Propert v in L a n d . A Controversy w i t h tlie
b u k é of Aryyll,
"
.a
HEJTRY GEORGE & CO.. 25 Ana Street, N e w York.
rruiE SOCIETY von
THE
PKOPAKA-
JL tion of the Gcspei ;iinot)^ LandLmls >olit:it.x the sup.
port of Christ iaiis. Ali previous effort»-. havini; prov ed ul
noavail in indm-ii:? la'sdownei-*! ti> n s t o n : to tlie public
those valu>-s whieh the nat iiral n"ee.->itie> of the peupla
t:iv»> to the la'nl, thi». -«n-h-ty h:i-s been formeil to appeal
ti» the lun-llords* ei.-nseiiMH-e h\ means of eospel trutu.
Th«-attent ion of landloni.s is re.^peetfuily ealled to tha
faet. that. they have ln eotne rich without labor. through
law.s made "by their <-Ia>.-. whereby the st.ate-earn»»d
inerement upon land. in-tead nf heinsf votod for taxes
and publie purposes, as "it should have been, thus doins
a w a y with all other t:ix»*s. I.a.- slippetl into their pocket>. " It is now lmped that the eirorts of this society to
propajKite the jrospel t n i t h s of justice antl ecpiity will srf
a w a k e n the lanolord conM-ience that it may come to see
w h a t so many Christians already apprehent', that their
appropriatitiii or the con; mon wealth property is the
«•ause of lack or work and starvation amonjr workers
and the enrichinent of the idle MI prevalent, all over tho
world. Tliesoeiety will shortly issue a series of tracts,
and ;us sonn-cis its funds will just ify special missionories
wiil wait. upon tho>e whom the trucks have not con*
verted. 2Ieantinie the society tiffers a reward of £5 for
the Truet showini: the hest methfd by whieh the afore*
suid landlords can be brought t o a realizinsrj-enseof theii"
conduet and ils cousemiep.ces. A eopy of priZf- tract wili
be sui)pii<*d gratis lo" ull suhscnticrs. Adilress Seere»
fnry, S. P. G. A. L„ Holmirn Vinduet, London, E.C.,
Eniilaml.
Carnegie B r o t h e r s &: Co., of P i t t s b u r g , h a v e
deeided to build a new steel rail miU a t B r a d doek, a n d work on the s t r u c t u r e will be
s t a r t e d within t h i r t y d a y s . The new p l a n t will
cost u p w a r d of a million d o l l a r s a n d will dem a n d the labor of a l a r g e number of men.
The company's works will then h a v e a eapacity of 400,000 tons of rail per annum, or
about one-third of t h e entire produetion of t h e
country.
M
cCLELLAX'S
OWN
STORY.
In on« Volume, Royal Octavo, of about 700 Pages. EI*
iianily Iilustrtued.
W i s e W o r d » to New H a v e n .
New H a v e n h a s a new t o w n farm a n d when
the p a u p e r s a r e removed the question is w h a t
shali be done with the old almshouse property. The proposal is to divide it into building lots a n d seil them. A eorrespondent of
the Workiaetr.-i. Advoaate urges t h a t the c i t y
shall lease the lots to Citizens who wish to
buiid botnes for thcmselves. He~argues thus :
this land is v e r y valuable, but it would not be
so if t h e populatioti w a s the same a s when t h e
town bought it, the people h a v e given t h e
value, .and t h a t now t o seil it to speculators
who a r e r e a d y to gobble it u p iu a spirit of
greed. is g r e a t injustice to the people. He also
s a y s t h a t t h e r e w a s -a.motion m a d e a t the last
t o w n meeting t h a t iu f uture the t o w a business
should be considered in evening meetings, so
t h a t workmen might attencl aud h a v e voice in
levying the taxes, a n d t h a t sbouts of laughter
g r e e t e d Ibis proposition which w a s voted down
by a large rna jority.
AGENTS
s«?cure easy work and sure p a y b y petting a
GENERAL iTcCLELLAN AGENCY.
i:
McClcllaa, de:ul, lifts the veil wliieh has coneealed tha
true history of 1S61 anirjSfi!
H e w a s perhaps the best-leved and a t t h e same tima
the oest abused man this f>un:.r>- ever pnnluced. When
lie w:us ctc.nl it w:us f,mnd he had" writTen his o w n story
for I» is chili iren. This t.onk •-.•nrains it. Ir is a wonderfu) story, f'-vi>alin^ th<- secret history of tfco Itrst years
nf the War for the Union. N m t n e h a a ever known tn«
truths tl;Ls hook now makes public.
nlKwf^
SOLD ONLY l;Y StriiSCRIPTION.
AGENTS
WANTED.
CHAS. L. W t X S T E R & CO„
PUBLISHERS.
42 East Hth Street,
mVVlLI«HT
l*nion Sounre,
Ci.L»
N e w T o r k CitjC
TitACT.S.
QUESTIONS Oi- TUE DAY,
Edit ed hv
CHARLES f. WINGATE.
Dro^vninK T r a m p s .
The Philadelphia Press, t h e protective o r g a n ,
has no s y m p a t h y with the sentimeutality t h a t
opposes con tining t r a m p s in tlooded cells
with the option to pump or die.
It says i
the supervisers of "Wcstchester county, X e w l
York, '•" propose to build a jail with cells so
constructed a s to till g r a d u a l l y with w a t e r
unless the oecupants shall keep diligently a t
work a t a pump. W e h a r d ly expcet to see
this scheme c a r r i e d out. I t will strike t h e miagination of most people a s barbarous. uiul
a n y serious a t t e m p t to put it into operation
would call forth such vigorous p r o t e s t s t h a t
the Wcstchester supervisors must incontinently abandon t h e projeet a s unlitted for a
geueration so bent a s this is on making life
easy for t r a m p s a n d comfortable for criminals."
- "^3
A colleetion of [utby, praciical and point etl papers by
Rev. Dr. Rylance, Henry f,'•or.:e,.T:unes Redpath, Jamea
Parton, I.o"uis K. Pust, Au,-. A. L-vy, D;ivid A. Weila,
Thos. G. Shearman. Pn»r. A. T. Madl.-y, John Swinion,
Rev. Edward Evep-tt Hale. (iraham McAdam, Capt.
Jt»liiiCoilman, T. V. 1'i.wderly, E. V. Smalley. Edward
Atkinsoii, Rov.trr-r Johnson. Pr«>*. David li. King, Hon.
S t e w a r l L. VV.xn!ford, E. \ / . Cliainlnirlain, C*. N. iJovee,
Co!. Klliot E. Sheppard. S. S. Paekartl, D o t i n P i a t t . W . A*
Croffut and many ot tiers.
PRICE, TW KS TY CENTS.
JOHN W. I.OVELL A CO-,
14 Vesev Street. N e w York.
Can be ordered from any newsdealer.
ISTOtT.
AN ACCOUNT
of the
GEORGE-HEWITT 'CAMPAIGN
in t h e
NEW YORK MCNICIPAI. ELECTION
OF 1886.
By Louis Y. Post and Fred. C. Leubuscher.
1 vol., paper
Autocracy.
covers.
- -tm
Price, 20 cents.
From the Onuiha World.'.
Address
The Czar—Brother J o n a t h a n , do you k n o w
»anything about t h e S t a n d a r d Oil comj)any 'i
B r o t h e r J o n a t h a n — I should say I did
Why*
" T h e y h a v e been buying land a n d wells
over here."
" T h e y have? H a v e they m a d e you an offer
for your throne vet?
"6h! no."
" H a v e i v t they hinted t h a t you could m a k e
money by seiling o u t now a n d retiring to priv a t e life instead of waiting uutil they squceze
you out:"
"Notaword."
"It\s some other c o m p a n y , then."
TOSE€RETAltIEJ5
OF TRADE AND EAllOIt ORUAMZATIONS.
W e have reeeived an ordi-r ti>M-i<t! a ennvuf "PRf).
TECTIoNr A M i F11KK TIlADK" :., .•vi-rv'i:- l .|, ; : l t l d
lalmr ori. ani'Æitioii tliat m:iy wi-h !•• huve i:, up I,I tin'
riumh'*!' »>I «'ne t!iuu:-:i.!iil. A <-<ipy wdl !><- aemrdinirlv
rorwarilml to th'* seer^tary uf ;itiy hdmr nivanisuiiiur, tir
ineal :irseml'ly of the K. of L. "on iveeipt ->f tw«-lv«ci-nis f,.:-posiå,'.-.
HENKV <iJ-:<Jt:«';i: J: fe).
IlSPOKTAXT
BOR <.2UESTI«)S
am
Labor.
" Wtiatever mav be Henry' fleorpe*«i defecti a s a o auther, he never writes a dull book."—JJome Weekly.
The La w a n d O r d e r society in P i t t s b u r g on
S u n d a y h a d all the e i g a r stores, confectioneries a n d " a l a r g e number of s a l o o n s " elcsed.
" The eigar dealers t h r e a t e n t o r e t a i i a t e by
stopping the s t r e e t - c a r s a u d closing up all
kinds of business n e x t S u n d a y . "
N
luterests
"An arjrument of pre-at Lnsrenuityy and power, lilocicatty
worked out a n d aitraeliveJy ormulat &.I."— Chicago
Times.
The semi-annual eleetion of offlcers t o t h e
Chicago T r a d e s assembly took plaee S u n d a y .
William Klevis w a s elected president a n d
Frederick L o n g viee-president.
The daily
p a p e r s r c e o r d this a s a t r i u m p h of w h a t they
call t h e " r a d i c a l " element.
The employcs of the South Boston S t r e e t
R a i l r o a d company m e t on S a t u r d a y night to
consider the company's a n s w e r to their bill of
grievances. The c o m p a n y conceded some imp o r t a u t points, notably a n a d v a n c e of t h e
hostiers' w a g e s t o §10 p e r week. The meeting
deeided not t o tie up, but on points n o t conc e d e d t o g i v e the d i r e c t o r s one week to comply w i t h their d e m a n d s .
A
wlth
P B E S 8 XOTICES.
The Philadelphia T y p o g r a p h i c a l society celeb r a t c d its cighty-fouath a m i i v e r s a r y on S a t u r d a y evening.
The Boston b a k e r s h a v e d e t e r m i n e d t o withd r a w from t h e K n i g h t s of L a b o r a n d form a n
open t r a d e s union a t t a c h e d to t h e N a t i o n a l
B a k e r s ' union.
-
TRADE.
to t h e
]2mo. Clotb.
In his message to t h e aldermen, M a y o r
W h i t n e y reminds s t r e e t c a r companies t h a t
the notion t h a t a compauy m a y a t its option
decline to employ t h e labor ueeded to keep
its line in action unless it can h a v e men ou its
own t e r m s , is so preposterously a t v a r i a n c e
with the !aw a u d with eomtnon sense t h a t he
must a t t r i b u t e its existence to a long p c r i o d o f
exemption on the p a r t of our r a i l r o a d corporations from the r e s t r a i u t s alike of reason a n d
public policy.
The Columbia Rolling mill a t L a n c a s t e r ,
P a . , h a s i n c r e a s e d t h e w a g e s of p u d d l e r s t o
§t a k m , t o t a k e effect on Monday. This is
a u a d v a n c e of 25 cents a t o n o v e r t h e p r e s e n t
scale.
The compositors on t h e t w o d a i l y p a p e r s in
Moutgomery, Ala., refused to w o r k on S a t u r d a y unless composition w a s a d v a n c e d from 35
to 37^<j cents per thousand, the n e w price lixed
by t h e union. Their places w e r e p a r t i a l l y
supplicd by members of t h e P r i n t e r s ' P r o t e c tive f r a t e r n i t y from New Orleans, a n d m o r e
a r e on t h e w a y from Jacksoiiville, Fla. The
j o b olllces a r e also involved. A b o u t forty
men in all a r e on strike.
A
FREE
A n E-vnminatiisn of the Tariff Question
A conference h a s been held in P i t t s b u r g in
r c g a r d to the sctt-ling of t h e w a g e s of t h e eraployes a t the L u c y furnace of Carncgie Brothers' & Phipps for 188". A n a d v a n c e tv a s
g r a n t e d to t h e employ es, which g e n e r a Hy
a m o u n t e d to ten p e r cent. I n several instances
it w a s from iifteen to t w e n t y p e r cent.
<>lonopoly a n d
OR
WOKlv
ON.
HENRY GEORGE & CO.,
23 Ann street,
New York.
L
A N „
AXI>
li.VltOK.
-.-tfi
Th»? ('••ntnil Comntitiee is now prepared tofnrniso,
postape paid, the followiny iiamed n-a*.:t», at priees in.
ilii-ate.l:
per ica
The P.iKht to tin» U s e of the Earth. By Herbert
Spencer. i pac: -15 ets.
First Prmciples. l!y ili»ui-y (r.»i>ri.r»». Enplish or
Gentrtn. ». j ^ ^ s
- *30 ets."
Thi.» Grefii-i.Tre;ii-Griiidson of Capt. Kuld. By
Hi-.ir.t t-:.i.r-'e. •; pa^i-»- ' -" 15 eta.
Laii': and T:>.<t.;it inn. David l)tnlh»y Field and
Itenri Giitiire. M jiau'es CO ets.
PJa;f«»nu N. Y. i-abor Cmivention. En^iish and
German. 2 ',».ii,'es
Scts.
Declai-ations aud iU-M<hitioti». Cor»[»er Union
Jila-ss >Ie.»iiim. 2 tia^cs - - - - Seta.
Addrv-s
" "
JOHN .McMACKIN. Chairman,
2<C» R-per Union.
!
N. Y. City.
I
M I E I>K.Ht>CIiAT.
i
j
A UADlCAf. R I M KW MONTHLY.
i
The Detni.it :st a d . -i at. - l.;u.it R.-—t>npt ion and tbose
: reforms whicti are m s...try ti» i;i:i!..> the
E:t>.'lt-.h peopla
ij a free |ienple. It a: Ks " coniji.-ri-at li.t; " m-l Tor Ihie*
i who Lim' t«t!eliteil b\ unjust le^ishii ion, hut tor those
T
T I I E L A - j Who huve MjfTeied therel-y.
I F o r o n e <toI!a.r tl.e Deia. H-rat i-, suppiitil f.,r 15 months
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\SrOi£TilIX(;TO.N
CO.MPASY,
MODERN SOCIALISM AND LABOR PKOB1.E11S.
717 Itroadway,
By
Will tal:c sto;!: l-Vbi u a i y ] , and darinpr Jatiwiry
WILL
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just t h c i v i f i . a a d a searching enticism of their derecUs.
Xs a preseuuuion of both the labor ar.-.l the capitalist
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