Duckett News - The Citadel
Transcription
Duckett News - The Citadel
Duckett News A Newsletter of the Department of Biology The Citadel Volume 3 Inside this issue: Faculty Spotlight— Dr. Kathy Zanin 2 Corporate Ecological 2 Sustainability Citadel Academy of Science and Mathematics Awards Banquet 3 Health Profession Panels Held 3 Student Research Presentations 4-5 Faculty Accomplishments 6 Maymester Trip— Belize 7 Cadets Re-investigate 7 Impacts on Scott Creek Alumni Gathering 8 From Duckett Hall to Capitol Hill 9 Where are they 10 now? - Dr. Joe Kelley Then and Now… Approaching 50 yrs! 10 Fall 2015 From the Desk of the Department Head As we embark on yet another academic year, I find myself reflecting on all of our accomplishments during the past year. It was a busy year. We rolled out our sophomore-level Citadel Undergraduate Research Experience (CURE) activities. The Biology Department hosted two Pre-Health Discussion Panels this past year, both of which were well-attended. In April, we held our Third Annual Biology Alumni Gathering at the Lockwood Plantation in Huger. As always, it was great to meet with so many alumni and hear their stories. Both cadets and graduate students were engaged in research, and many presented their findings at local, regional, and national meetings. Cadet Brittany Crocker presented her research findings at “Posters on the Hill” in April. Cadet Kevin Stewart and Graduate Student Charleston Marger each won first place in the undergraduate and graduate student categories, respectively, at The Citadel Student Research Conference in March. In April, Graduate Student Austin Gray won the Outstanding Student Award from The Citadel Graduate College. Drs. Danny Gustafson and John Zardus were promoted to Full Professor, and Dr. Claudia Rocha was awarded tenure. And, we hired our first full-time Instructor, Ms. Andrea Gramling. In May, we had 21 undergraduates receive a degree in Biology. Seven of these fine young men and women have commissioned into either the Army or Navy, as a result of the increased interest by the armed services in students majoring in the STEM disciplines. Three of our graduates were accepted to Medical School and will be attending MUSC, USC School of Medicine Greenville, and Campbell University School of Medicine. Some of our students will be attending graduate programs, and have been accepted at MUSC, USC, Ole Miss, and our own M.A. in Biology program. Others have gone directly into the workforce and are employed as research technicians or in pharmaceutical sales. I congratulate all of our students and faculty on their great accomplishments. Warmest regards, John E. Weinstein, Ph.D. Professor and Department Head of Biology New Program - Accelerated Master of Arts in Biology The Accelerated Master of Arts in Biology program is designed to provide Citadel undergraduate students majoring in Biology an accelerated route to obtain a Master’s degree. The purpose of this program is to offer advanced undergraduate students the opportunity to begin taking graduate-level courses during their senior year, and have those courses be applied to- ward an M.A. in Biology degree. After earning a Bachelor’s degree, students in this program will continue their graduate course work until completing the requirements for the M.A. in Biology program. It is expected that students in this program would complete the requirements for both the Bachelor’s degree and the Master’s degree in a total of 5 years. Page 2 Duckett News Faculty Spotlight—Dr. Kathy Zanin Dr. Kathy Zanin is an Associate Professor who has been at The Citadel since 2004. She teaches Cell Biology, Immunology, and Developmental Biology to cadets and graduate students. Dr. Kathy Zanin teaching STEM outreach activities to middle schoolers. Her current research explores the role of histone proteins in the mitochondria. She previously published a hypothetical cure for HIV infection. Dr. Zanin’s passion is teaching, and she was the 2009 recipient of The Citadel’s Clinton A. Medbery Award for Dedication in Teaching. Dr. Zanin has trained 12 cadets and 4 masters-level students in cell biology research over the years. These students gain valuable experience that frequently allows them to go on to MD or PhD programs after graduating from the Citadel. Two of her former research students, Jon Donohue and Bryan Everitt, co -authored an article in the jour- nal Cell Biology International in 2010, and two cadets, Jane Ma and Sarah Katchen, presented their research at the annual, national meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology in New Orleans in 2013. In 2015 her graduate student, Charlye Marger, who had no prior research experience, won first prize for her graduate research poster presentation at The Citadel’s Student Research Conference, and recently went on to work as a research assistant at MUSC. Dr. Zanin is currently mentoring a cadet, Brandon Hall, who is working toward understanding the cellular transport of histone H3 to mitochondria during oxidative stress. Dr. Zanin is active in promoting stronger pre-college education in the STEM fields; and she has participated in many of The Citadel’s STEM outreach activi- ties, introducing hundreds of middle and elementary school students to some of the many the wonders of developmental biology. She is also a member of CASTLE, a faculty club dedicated to improving teaching and learning at The Citadel. As Pre-Health Advisor, Dr. Zanin is in charge of guiding all Citadel students who wish to pursue any of the many healthrelated professions. In March of 2013, Dr. Zanin helped found the Pre-Health Mentorship Program. Through this program she recruits Citadel alumni and others who are healthcare professionals locally, statewide, and nationwide to serve as mentors to students who want to learn more about the health professions through shadowing and other forms of mentorship. We are most fortunate to have Dr. Zanin as a member of the Biology faculty. Corporate Ecological Sustainability: Cadets Conduct Biodiversity Study at Daimler Vans Manufacturing Cadets who participated in the Corporate Ecological Sustainability course at Daimler Vans Manufacturing in Ladson, S.C. Given the potential social and environmental implications that each business decision has, it’s no surprise that corporations, both large and small, are embracing the concept of sustainability into their long-term strategies. Corporate ecological sustainability refers to responsible business decision making and actions that allow ecosystems to maintain their essential functions and retain their biodiversity over the long-term. In order to provide students majoring in Biology the opportunity to learn more about this new, exciting discipline, the Biology Department worked with Daimler Vans Manufacturing in Ladson, S.C., to offer a new course this past Spring titled, “Corporate Ecological Sustainability.” According to Daimler’s Annual Sustainability Report, they have a tradition of responsible corporate behavior that is in harmony with the environment. As part of the new course, five cadets majoring in biology traveled with their instructor, Dr. Joel Gramling, Associate Professor of Biology, to Ladson for three hours just about every week this past Spring to conduct an environmental survey and biodiversity study on three stormwater detention ponds at the facility. At the end of the semester, the cadets provided Daimler with a 15-page technical report and an on-site presentation concerning the status of the environmental quality and biodiversity at these three ponds, along with a list of recommendations to improve biodiversity. Daimler provided travel funds for this course. Volume 3 Page 3 Citadel Academy of Science and Mathematics Awards Banquet The Citadel School of Science and Mathematics hosted the Second Annual Citadel Academy of Science and Mathematics Awards Banquet on March 12, 2015 at the Charleston Marriott. The event was a celebration of science and mathematics showcasing individuals from The Citadel and the community. The event highlighted the creative work of our students and their faculty advisors, and major new initiatives within the School of Science and Mathematics. This year's honourees included Dr. Thomas Blackwell, Dr. David Fleming, Brigadier General Harvey Schiller, and Dr. Richard Porcher. Dr. Thomas Blackwell (Class of 1981, Biology) - Dr. Blackwell is a physician, educator, entrepreneur, and expert in disaster medicine. He created one of the largest EMS post-graduate programs in the U.S,, holds the patent for the first mobile emergency hospital system, and became CEO of the company that manufactures these systems. Dr. Blackwell has extensive involvement in community EMS programs, and has been published extensively in the fields of disaster and emergency medicine. Dr. Richard D. Porcher, Jr., (Professor Emeritus, Biology) - Dr. Porcher is a scholar, educator, conservationist, and Renaissance man. His distinguished teaching career at The Citadel integrated field biology into the curriculum (1970– 2003). Dr. Porcher is the author of definitive books on South Carolina botanical and cultural resources. He has dedicated the proceeds from his books to student scholarships. Dr. Porcher is a renowned conservationist that uses his knowledge to influence regional environmental policies. He was the recipient of 2007 S.C. Environmentalist of the Year Award, and has mentored many prominent southeastern naturalists. Please consider joining us for the next Citadel Academy of Science and Mathematics Awards Banquet to be held on March 17, 2016. Health Profession Discussion Panels Held Some of the participants of the “Meet the Experts” Distinguished Health Professions Alumni Panel held on 27 September 2014. Pictured above from left to right are Dr. William Bowers (‘60), Dr. Gordon Bray (‘65), Dr. Julian Levine (‘76), Dr. Bill Phillips (‘90), and Dr. Ned Bray (‘66). This past year the Biology Department sponsored two PreHealth Professional Discussion Panels. On 27 September 2014, a “Meet the Experts” Distinguished Health Professional Alumni Panel was held. This three hour event provided an opportunity for our Pre-Health Profession cadets to gain insight into becoming a health professional from nine Citadel grads who have become wellestablished in their respective careers. On 12 March 2015, an “Ethics in Healthcare and Research” Distinguished Leader Panel was held as part of the 8th Annual Principled Leadership Symposium held by the Krause Center for Leadership and Ethics. Participants included Ms. Judy Davis, Chief Legal Officer and Executive VP at BlueCross BlueShield of South Carolina; Dr. Virgil Alfaro (’84), Founder of Retina Consultants of Charleston; Dr. James Bearden (’65), Vice President of Clinical Research for Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System; and Dr. Thomas Blackwell (’81), Professor of Emergency Medicine, USC School of Medicine Greenville. Participants of the “Ethics in Healthcare and Research” Distinguished Leaders Panel held on 12 March 2015. Pictured above from left to right are Dr. James Bearden (‘65), Dr. Thomas Blackwell (‘81), Dr. Virgil Alfaro (‘84), and Ms. Judy Davis. Page 4 Duckett News Student Research Presentations—Fall 2014 and Spring 2015 Cadets Zach Ford and Barrett Bradham presented a poster titled “A Long-Term Study of Cortisol as a Biomarker for Chronic and Acute Stressors.” at the 76th Annual Meeting of the Association of Southeastern Biologists in Chattanooga, TN. They also presented their research at the Citadel Student Research Conference. They were mentored by Dr. Kristy Johnson. Cadets Johnathan Overcash and Erik Usher presented a poster titled “ Wetland Assessment of a Blackwater Swamp along the Black River, Georgetown County, South Carolina” at the 76th Annual Meeting of the Association of Southeastern Biologists in Chattanooga, TN. They also presented their research at the Citadel Student Research Conference. They were mentored by Dr. Joel Gramling. Funding for this research was made possible through a generous donation by Dr. Jim Nasim. Cadet Brittany Crocker presented a poster titled “Formation of Microplastic Particles from Three Common Plastic Polymers in a Salt Marsh Habitat” at the Annual Meeting of the Carolinas Regional Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. Her poster won Third Place among all students, both undergraduate and graduate students, participating at this conference. Cadet Crocker also presented her research at the Citadel Student Research Conference and at “Posters on the Hill” in Washington, D.C. (details on p. 9). She was mentored by Dr. John Weinstein. Cadet John Gehris presented a poster titled “The Effect Ethnicity and Vitamin D Status on Placental VDR Expression” at the Citadel Student Research Conference. This was research that he conducted while participating in the Summer Undergraduate Research Program at MUSC. This research was also presented at The Perry V. Halushka MUSC Student Research Day where Cadet Gehris won Second Place in the Oral Presentation Category. He was mentored by Dr. Carol Wagner from MUSC. Cadets Stephen Smilak and Blake Carrizales presented a poster titled “Preen Oil Protection Against UV Light Exposure and Bacterial Degradation in Wood Ducks” at the Citadel Undergraduate Research Conference. They were mentored by Dr. Paul Nolan. Volume 3 Graduate Student Austin Gray presented a poster titled “Size Dependent Efects of Polyethylene Microspheres on Daggerblade Grass Shrimp” at the 35th Annual Meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry in Vancouver. He was mentored by Dr. John Weinstein. Mr. Gray also won the Most Outstanding Graduate Student Award from the Citadel Graduate College. Page 5 Cadet Charles “Blake” Holt presented a poster titled “Comparative Toxicity of Mouthguard Cleaning Agents to the Daggerblade Grass Shrimp and Freshwater Cladoceran, Daphnia magna” at the Annual Meeting of the Carolinas Regional Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry in Raleigh, NC. He was mentored by Dr. John Weinstein. Cadet Kevin Stewart presented a poster titled “Assembling a Larval Transcriptone for the Parasitoid Wasp Copidosoma floridanum” at the Citadel Student Research Conference. Cadet Stewart won First Place among undergraduate students. Cadet Stewart also presented his poster at the 76th Annual Meeting of the Association of Southeastern Biologists in Chattanooga, TN. Travel support to this meeting was provided by the William and Jane Bowers Research Presentation Award. He was mentored by Dr. David Donnell. Graduate student Charlye Marger presented a poster titled “DNase Treatment Prevents Nucleosome Contamination of Percoll-Purified Mitrochondria” at the Citadel Student Research Conference. Her poster won First Place among the graduate students. She was mentored by Dr. Kathy Zanin. Cadet Leondas Cole presented a poster titled “Analyzing the Microbiome of Urohydrosis Droppings from Vultures” at the Citadel Student Research Conference. He was mentored by Dr. Paul Nolan and Dr. Claudia Rocha. Page 6 Duckett News Faculty Accomplishments Publications Herman, B., Packard, S., Pollack, C., Houseal, G., Sinn, S., Fant, J., Lewis, A.D., Wagenius, S, Gustafson, D.J., Hufford, K., Allison, B., Shaw, K., Haines, S., & Daniels, C. 2014. Decisions...Decisions...How to source plant material for native plant restoration. Ecological Restoration 32:236-238. Gustafson, D.J., Major C., Jones D., Synovec J., Baer SG, et al. 2014. Genetic sorting of subordinate species in grassland modulated by intraspecific variation in dominant species. PLoS ONE 9 (3): 391511.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091511. Gustafson, D.J. 2014. Genetic Considerations in Plant Ecological Restoration. In Oxford Bibliographies in Ecology, Ed. David Gibson. New York: Oxford University Press. Giraudeau, M., Nolan, P.M., Black, C.E., Earl, S.R., Hasegawa, M., McGraw, K.J. 2014. Song characteristics track bill morphology along a gradient of urbanization in house finches (Haemorhous mexicanus). Frontiers in Zoology 11:83-90. Zanin, M.K. 2015. Creating & Teaching with Simple Animation: Making Biology Instruction Come Alive. American Biology Teacher. 77 (6), pp. 463-466. Zardus, J.D., Lake, D.T., Frick, M.G., Rawson P.D. 2014. Deconstructing an assemblage of ‘turtle’ barnacles: species assignments and fickle fidelity in Chelonibia. Marine Bioogy 161:45-59. Presentations Donnell, D. Odorant-binding protein gene activity in the larval castes of the polyembryonic wasp Copidosoma floridanum. Annual Southeastern Branch Meeting of the Entomological Society of America. Greenville, SC. March 2014. Donnell, D. Caste-bias in odorant-binding genes of the polyembryonic wasp Copidosoma floridanum. Annual meeting of the Association of Southeastern Biologists. Spartanburg, SC. April 2014. Brownlee, Z.J., Gramling, J.M. The short term effects of Laurel Wilt on Southeastern coastal plant species. Annual Meeting of the Association of Southeastern Biologists. Spartanburg, SC. April 2014. Rhoad, W.D., Woodyard, S.E., Gustafson, D.J. Developing ex situ protocols for the endangered American Chaffseed. Poster. Association of Southeastern Biologists, Spartanburg, SC. April 2014. Shultz, A.J., Backström, N., Zhang, Q., Baker, A.J., Hill, G.E., Nolan, P.M., and Edwards, S.V. Signatures of pathogen-mediated selection using genome-wide diachronic comparisons in the House Finch. Conférences Jacques Monod, Roscoff, France. Sept. 2014. Williams, C.B., Weinstein, J.E., Rocha, C.L. Water quality and fecal coliform levels in Georgia oxbow lakes relative to the connectivity with the Savannah River.” Carolinas Regional Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, April 2014. Clemson, SC. Weinstein, J.E. Microplastics in estuarine environments: A case study of Charleston Harbor. 35th Annual Meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Vancouver, BC. Nov. 2014. Riegerix, R.C., Gray, A.D., Weinstein, J.E. Assessing the potential hazards of polyethylene microspheres on grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. 35th Annual Meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Vancouver, BC. Nov. 2014. Wertz H, Weinstein J.E. Plastic debris in Charleston Harbor: Quantitative analysis of polymer types. Carolinas Regional Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. Clemson, SC. April 2014. Wertz, H., Weinstein, J.E. Plastic debris in Charleston Harbor: Correlating macroplastic debris with microplastic particles. 35th Annual Meeting of the Society of the Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Vancouver, BC. Nov. 2014. Zaghdoudi-Allan, N.A., Roberts, M.A., Frick, M.J., Zardus, J.D. and Andersson, M. Analysis of population genetic structure in the embedding turtle barnacle Stephanolepas muricata. 34th International Sea Turtle Symposium, New Orleans, LA. April 2014. Volume 3 Page 7 Maymester in Belize During Maymester, Drs. Gustafson and Zardus took a group of 10 students to Belize for a course in Tropical Rainforest and Reef Ecology. They stayed four nights at the Cockscomb Basin Wildlife Sanctuary, a 128,000-acre jaguar preserve. Hiking forest trails and tubing the central creek, they observed a high diversity of plants and animals and learned about the complex ecological linkages that make up tropical forests. They then moved on to stay five nights at Southwater Caye Marine Reserve, a coral island on the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef. Snorkeling the reef and roaming mangrove islands, they encountered hundreds of species of fish and reef creatures and learned how reefs are structured and some of the species interactions that drive their high biodiversity. They toured a nearby marine lab run by the Smithsonian Institution and certified divers were able to SCUBA-dive. Highlights of the trip included camping out in the forest one night, spying an ocelot, snorkeling with large tarpon and several large nurse sharks. The Mexican Cycadian butterfly, Eumaeus toxea, which feeds on cycads as a caterpillar and acquires the toxin cycasin which deters predators. Participants in the Maymester 2015 Tropical Rainforest and Reef Ecology course on the dock at Southwater Caye, Belize. The fiercesome-looking but harmless amblypygid (tailless whip scorpion), Phrynus parvulus. On the trail at the jaguar preserve, Cockscomb Basin Wlidlife Sanctuary, Belize. 10 Years Later – Cadets Re-Investigate Impacts on Scott Creek Biology major Daniel Larimore investigates the contents of a crab trap at Scott Creek. In May, Biology majors Johnathon Overcash and Daniel Larimore characterized the animal community of Scott Creek, which is the tidal creek separating Edisto Beach Island from Edisto Island. The causeway to the island has stopped the natural tidal flow of Scott Creek since 1940, and there is a difference in land use between the East Scott Creek and West Scott Creek estuaries. What makes this study truly remarkable, according to research advisor Dr. Danny Gustafson, Professor of Biology, is that these cadets are repeating a study conducted by Biology majors Shane Kersting and Will Chapman back in 2005. This will allow comparisons to be drawn between the habitat conditions now and then. Preliminary analyses suggest less of a difference between the animal communities on the East and West Scott Creek estuary systems than 10 years ago, which might be attributed to an increase in environmental literacy of the general public. Cadets Overcash and Larimore will continue to evaluate the results of their research this academic year, and they hope to present their findings at a scientific meeting in early 2016. This study is being sponsored by the South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium with NOAA financial assistance. Page 8 Duckett News Third Annual Biology Alumni Gathering On April 18, 2015, the Biology Department held its Third Annual Biology Alumni Gathering at the Longwood Plantation in Huger, SC. Longwood Plantation is an historic rice plantation located along the Cooper River and Quimby Creek at the edge of the Francis Marion National Forest. These alumni gatherings are designed to allow our Biology alumni an opportunity to interact with former faculty, current faculty, and current students. Once again, the event was well attended with over 20 alumni participating in the day’s events. When you count former faculty, current faculty, families, and cadets, we had over 75 people in attendance. Drs. Richard Porcher and Joe Kelley led a canoeing trip down Quimby Creek highlighting the rich natural and cultural history of the area, while Dr. Dennis Forsythe led a bird and butterfly hike around the rice impoundments. The activities ended with camaraderie, stories, and a delicious lunch. Dr. Dennis Forsythe (right) leading the bird and butterfly hike. Dr. Richard Porcher with former students. Dr. Joe Kelley and Dr. Bob Baldwin catching up. Dr. Richard Porcher speaking with Dr. Mike Johns (‘72) Assistant Dean for Development, Krystal Oliveira and Biology Department Head John Weinstein speaking to the attendees. Attendees working their way through the lunch buffet. Volume 3 Page 9 From Duckett Hall to Capitol Hill… Brittany Crocker presents her research at “Posters on the Hill” Brittany Crocker, a senior biology major, presented her research concerning plastic decomposition at the 19th Annual Posters on the Hill event on April 23, 2015 in Washington, DC. Crocker’s poster, one of 60 selected out of nearly 500 submissions, was presented to Members of Congress, Legislative Aides, and Representatives of Federal Agencies as part of this annual showcase of undergraduate research. Crocker was the only student from a South Carolina college or university invited to participate in this event. Crocker’s study, “From Plastic to Microplastic: Decomposition of Three Common Plastic Polymers in a Salt Marsh Habitat” examined the process by which microplastic particles form from plastic debris. What makes her study unique is the fact that she conducted this study in the salt marsh, where the plastics were naturally exposed to a variety of ever changing abiotic and biotic factors. According to her research advisor, Dr. John Wein- stein, Professor and Department Head of Biology, “Her findings have the potential to revolutionize the way scientists think about microplastic particle formation. She has found that the plastic she set out in the marsh last June started producing microplastics in as little as 8 weeks.” Posters on the Hill is sponsored by the Council on Undergraduate Research (CUR), an organization dedicated to support and promote highquality undergraduate studentfaculty collaborative research and scholarship. In the 19-year history of this event, Crocker is the fifth biology major from The Citadel to be selected to present. Most recently, Matt Verdin in 2004 and Brent McCarragher in 2007 presented research conducted under the mentorship of Dr. Alix Darden, who taught in the Biology Department from 1995 to 2009. Travel for this trip was supported by TCF LEAD funding through the School of Science and Mathematics. Biology alum Dr. David Keyser (‘81) alongside Cadet Brittany Crocker at her poster in the Rayburn House Building. Congressman Jim Clyburn (D-South Carolina), Cadet Brittany Crocker, and her mentor Dr. John Weinstein. Cadet Brittany Crocker, Congressman Gary Palmer (RAlabama), and President of the American Chemical Society, Dr. Diane Grob Schmidt, at the Poster Session. THE CITADEL DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY Where are they now? Dr. Joe Kelley, Biology Faculty Emeritus Dr. Joe Kelley was a professor at The Citadel from 19692005. While at The Citadel, Dr. Kelley taught Marine, Biology, Freshwater Biology, Embryology, and Introduction to Biology for majors and nonmajors. Dr. Kelley also taught some summer classes at College of Charleston. John E. Weinstein, Ph.D. Professor and Department Head Department of Biology The Citadel Charleston, SC 29409 843-953-7796 [email protected] Lok Lew Yan Voon, Ph.D. Dean and Traubert Chair School of Science and Mathematics The Citadel Charleston, SC 29409 843-953-6682 [email protected] For more information concerning opportunities to help support the Department of Biology, please contact: Bobby Houck Assistant Dean for Development 843-953-0744 [email protected] Dr. Kelley is still very active in research, and he can still be found wandering around Then and now… approaching 50 years! The Biology Department is approaching the 50th Anniversary of its formation. As many of you know, the B.S. in Biology was originally offered through the Chemistry Department. In 1968, an independent Biology Department was created. In that year, the Department consisted of 5 full-time faculty members. Upon completion of the $1.8 million Chemistry Building (now Byrd Hall) in 1968, the Biology Department inherited the vacant space in the west wing of Bond Hall (now Duckett Hall). As we approach our 50th Anniversary, be on the lookout for announcements for special events that are currently in the early planning stages. For all the latest news, check us out on Facebook! The Citadel Biology Department 2015 1968 1991 Duckett Hall. He studies the changes in the succession stages of tidal rice fields. In his spare time, Dr. Kelley enjoys farming and fishing. Dr. Kelley recently remarried. He married Melinda Lucka, who is a prosecutor for the City of Charleston. Dr. Kelley handles the cooking and yard work, while Melinda handles Facebook and the phone.