UNC-Chapel Hill

Emergency Preparedness
at
The University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill
IDEA 20th Annual Campus Energy Conference
Raymond E. DuBose, P.E.
Director
Energy Services
Presentation
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Overview of UNC Chapel Hill
Why emergency preparedness?
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Recent incidents on campus
Off campus incidents
Planning for emergencies
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Emergency plans
Utilities reliability
Utilities features for reliability
Utilities future efforts
Overview of UNC Chapel Hill
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15,000,000 square feet
28,148 students
Major regional teaching hospital
Flagship university of state system
“…a leading public university…”
$1.8 billion capital development campaign
Overview of UNC Chapel Hill
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Steam
2 plants
1,150,000 lbs/hr
Overview of UNC Chapel Hill
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Chilled water
5 plants: 50,000 tons
total
40,000 ton-hrs
thermal storage
Overview of UNC Chapel Hill
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Electricity
28 MW CHP
Two-thirds Duke
Energy
80 MW peak
Why emergency preparedness?
UNC Hospitals
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Regional trauma
center
Carolina Air Care – NC,
SC, & VA
Jaycee Burn Center
serves entire SE US
Why emergency preparedness?
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Research
Lost revenue from grants
„ Lost value in research
„ Lost animals
„ Lost recruitment strength
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Biosafety Labs: Levels 1, 2, and 3
Why emergency preparedness?
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Teaching
Public Service
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Red Cross Shelters
Hurricane Fran
September 5, 1996
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115 mph sustained winds, 125 mph gusts
1.7 million customers without power in
NC; 400,000 in Virginia
37 deaths; 24 in NC
Est. $4.1 billion total losses
Hurricane Fran
September 5, 1996
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Extensive overhead power distribution
system damage in Chapel Hill
Power disturbances
Island 28 MW generator
No lost 100 kV transmission supply to UNC
Loss of power to water supply systems
Two weeks to rebuild public power
distribution
Ice Storm
December 5, 2002
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5 hour Duke Energy
transmission outage
Continuous supply
from UNC generator
Two weeks to rebuild
public distribution
system
First Quarter
2004
Other Incidents Make You Think
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Tropical Storm Dennis & Hurricane Floyd 1999
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9/11/2001
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57 deaths
$4.5 billion damage mostly in N.C.
ECU closes
Terrorist attack
Hurricane Katrina 2005
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1,836 deaths
$81.2 billion damage
What about pandemic flu?
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Avian flu
H5N1
Anti-viral vaccine
Rate of absenteeism
Duration of event
Duration per wave
„ Number of waves
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Emergency Plans
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UNC Emergency Plan
Crisis Communications Plan
Departmental Business Continuity Plans
Disaster Resistant University Initiative
“96 Hour” Plan
Flu Pandemic Plan
Hazard Mitigation Plan (grant funded)
Utilities Reliability Measurement
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Electric distribution
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ASAI
Average Service Availability Index
„ Five year average: 99.97%
„ 2002: 99.92%
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SAIDI
System Average Interruption Duration Index
„ Five year average: 140 customer minutes
„ 2002: 415 customer minutes
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Utilities Reliability Measurement
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Steam
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Availability
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Five year average: 99%
Reliability
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Five year average: 99.9%
Utilities Reliability Measurement
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Chilled water
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Availability
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Current fiscal year-to-date: 95%
Reliability
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Five year average: 99.3%
Unplanned outages & service
interruptions
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Track for reliability calculations
Review & analyze causes
List action items to prevent recurrence
Follow-up to make sure all items
completed
Report to customers
Utilities Features
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Redundant plants
Redundancy within plants
Redundant distribution
Quality components/equipment
Trained/competent staff
Utilities Features
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Electrical supply
Multiple substations
„ Redundant transmission circuits
„ Underground distribution
„ Concrete ductbanks
„ No low bid!!
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Utilities Features
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Steam
Primary steam plant: 750,000 lbm/hr
„ Satellite plant: 400,000 lbm/hr
„ Looped distribution system
„ No low bid!!!
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Utilities Features
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Combined heat & power
Upgraded steam turbine generator
„ Cooling tower replacement
„ Redundant fuels
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Coal, gas, or oil
„ On site storage for coal and oil
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Utilities Features
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Chilled water
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Five plants: 50,000 tons
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19,000 + 12,000 + 10,000 + 6,000 + 3,000
Thermal storage: 40,000 ton-hr
„ Looped distribution system
„ No low bid!!!
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Utilities Features
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Redundancy within plants
Single failure analysis
„ Double backup usually not necessary
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Utilities Features
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Single failure analysis
Use process & control diagrams
„ Ensure ability to meet thermal demand
„ Two of everything?
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Single Failure Analysis
Single Failure Analysis
Single Failure Analysis
Single Failure Analysis
Single Failure Analysis
Planning: Communications
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Telephone – land line
Cell phone
Two-way radio
800 MHz
Automatic dialing notification system
Sirens
Planning: Communications
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Call boxes
Emergency 911
Planning: Communications
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Emergency contact lists
Cogeneration Facility 24/7
Future Efforts
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Electrical
SCADA
„ Remote operation
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Substation circuit breakers
„ Loop circuit interruption switches (high speed)
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Transmission (100 kV) GIS
„ Redundant transformer
„ Circuit breaker upgrades in substations
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Future Efforts
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Cogeneration/Steam
Black Start at Cameron plant
„ Additional steam turbine generator (20 MW)
„ Mitigate obsolescence
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Replacing 1939 steam tunnel
„ Replacing hot water heating system
„ Replacing deteriorated steam distribution system
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Future Efforts
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Chilled water
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Renovate North Chiller Plant
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Replacing 8,000 tons of electric centrifugal
Future Efforts
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Domestic water
Orange Water & Sewer Authority
(OWASA)
20-inch water main broken April 6, 2005
Robust emergency plan
Critical building study
Reliability measures recommended