Geological survey of the Wabi Shebelle basin : maps at 1/1 000 000

CONTENTS
1.
Explicative note of the geological map of the WABI SHEBELLE
basin at a scale of 1/1000000
II.
Explicative note of the geological map of OGADEN at a scale
of 1/250 000 (7 sheets)
III. Geologieal map of the WABI SHEBELLE basin at a scale of
1/1000000 (1 sheet - colours)
IV.
Geological map of OGADEN at a scale of 1/250 000
7 sheets :
1 - DEGAHBOUR
2 - DUHUN
3 - KEBRI-DAHAR
4 - IMI
5 - GODE
6 - GODERE
7 - MUSTAHIL
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GOVERNMENT
NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION
ETHIOPIA - FRANCE
COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
WABI SHEBELLE SURVEY
IN COLLABORATION WITH
FRENCH MINISTR'Y
OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS
BCEOM_ORSTOM_EDF
IGN_BDPA
NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES
COMMISSION
EXPLICATIVE NOTE
OF THE
GEOLOGICAL MAP OF THE WABI SHEBELLE BASIN
AT A SCALE OF 1/1 000 000
SEPTEMBER 1972
Hydrological Service
ORSTOM
-
1 -
INTRODUCTION
The geological map of the WABI SHEBELLE Basin at a 1/1.000.000
scale results of the synthesis of the photo-interpretation studies and of
the prospections carried out by the hydrogeological and soil-science divisions
of the Mission for the WABI SHEBELLE Study.
It was entirely set up by geological photo-interpretation.
As regards the part of OGADEN South of a line passing through
DEGAHBOUR, DEGAH-MEDO, SEGEG, IMI, photo-interpretation as well as prospections
along itineraries :were undertaken by the hydrogeological division. Complementary elements or details were brought by the soil science studies in the
region unexplored by the geologist. A geological map comprising seven sheets
at a scale of 1/250 000 for this zone is being published separately.
For the Northern part of the Basin, the mapping out of the geological
contours was determined, using the main soil science units related to the
bed-rock and the geological observations made by the soil-scientist during
his prospections.
The base of the map is the planimetrie map at 1/1000 000 set up
by the topographie division of the WABI SHEBELLE Project.
The origins of the different formations have been determined according
to the classification set up by MOHR (1963).
Under the supervision of G. CASTANY, from B.R.G.M., Consultant
Scientist, this map was drawn up by D. BAUDUIN, ORSTOM,hydrogeologist and
his assistant J.C. JULLIEN, using the studies by G. RICHE, ORSTOM soil
scientist.
D. BAUDUIN wrote the explicative note.
- 2 -
I. GENERAL FEATURES AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL OUTLINE OF THE BASIN
The WABI SHEBELLE Basin situated in the South-Eastern part of
ETHIOPIA, spreads on a 190.000 ~ area between the Northern parallels
5° and 9°30' and the Eastern meridians 38°30' and 45°. It includes part
of the BALE, ARUSSI and HARAR provinces.
The WABI SHEBELLE is a permanent river. It is 1.300 km long from its
source to the Somalian frontier and is supplied mainly by the left bank
tributaries originating from the High Plateaus of ARUSSI and CHERCHER.
The tributaries of its downstream part and the FAFEN present intermittent
flows.
The climate varies with the relief which declines from the
North-West to the South-East. Three climatic regions exist :
- High plateaus zone (altitude: over 2.000 meters)
including the basal tic and cristalline regions, with important
rainfall (1.800 to 800 mm) and not very high temperatures (maximum
23°)
- Intermediate zone (altitude between 2.000 and 1.000 m) limestone
"causses", moderate rainfall (800 to 400 mm) and moderate
temperatures (maximum 32°).
- Semi-arid zone of OGADEN (altitude below 1.000 m) with little
rainfall (400 to 150 mm) and high temperatures (maximum
40°).
The vegetation of these climatic zones varies from forest to semi
desertic savanna with thorny bushes.
The geomorphology of the basin is closely linked to the nature of
geological formations. The following large morphological regions can be
pointed out :
- North-West and at the Northern limit of the Basin: high basaltic lands.
They appear a large tabular basaltic plateaus or gently undulating
hills consisting of volcanic ash. The mean altitude of these plateaus is
2.500 m. The rivers are suddenly deeply embanked (some dozens of meters).
These plateaus are commanded by a line of ancient much eroded volcanos
which form the relief limiting the basin. The highest is Mount CACCA
culminating at 4.200 meters.
- In the North- North-East
A granitic precambrian mass
The mountain mass is more or less dislocated and constists
and often altered cristalline rocks.
The erosion of these cristalline formations resulted in the
formation of important glacis (Alemaya region).
~n
chaotic
- 3 -
- In the Centre:
Limestone causses.
This large limestone region spreads from the North-East of the
Basin (JIJIGA region) to a line roughly passing through RAMERO - HADAD,
DANAN and KEBRI-DAHAR. It consists in large limestone platea~ deeply cut
through by the WABI-SHEBELIE in the West and the FAFAN in the East.
- In the South: Gypseous series cut through by the MUSTAHIL limestone bed.
The gypseous series practically occupy all the Southern and SouthEastern part of the Basin. They can be seen outcropping in rounded hills.
On these soft formations, intense erosion results into the formation of
thick alteration deposits (alluvial deposits and colluvions) forming more
or less important sediment depressions.
The WABI SHEBELLI and FAFAN valleys show largely spread alluvial
deposits.
These gypseous series are cut through by the hard MUSTAHIL limestone
bed which forms a bluff over the FAFAN and WABI SHEBELLE valleys and is well
represented especially West of the WABI SHEBELLE where it is the skeleton
of a large plateau.
- On the Eastern limit : The JESSOMA sandstone bluff.
It dominates the FERFER gypseous series and the KEBRI-DAHAR limestone .
II. DESCRIPTION OF THE VARIOUS FORMATIONS
They must be classed in four categories
10) -
2
0
)
-
Quaternary formations (alluvial deposits and local deposits)
Secondary age sedimentary formations
30) - Volcanic formations of miocene age
40
)
-
Granite
and metamorphic rocks of the precambrian age.
2.1. Quaternary formations
The quaternary formations which can be seen on the map belong to
two types :
alluvial deposits from the important rivers and consisting of allochtoneous
material transported along long distances.
- local deposits, formed on the spot or transported along very short distances,
the composition of which is directly linked to the bed-rock.
- 4 2.1.1. Alluvial deposits from important rivers
They can be seen in aIl the valleys of rivers originating from
the high plateaus but spread especially in the WABI SHEBELIE Lower Valley,
in the DAKETA, FAFEN and JERER valleys.
The valleys of the Higher WABI SHEBELIE and its main tributaries
(SIYANAN, UNGWATA, RAMIS, ERRER) are deeply embanked in the limestone plateau
and only show a very narrow strip of alluvial deposits which generally do not
exceed a 100 m width.
The alluvial deposits of the Lower WABI SHEBELLE Valley
Un emerging from the limestone gorges (about 40 m. North of IMI),
deposits stretch out on c1ther side of the river along a
400 km distance down to the frontier. Their surface varies much and may attain a
15 km width.
the
alluvi~l
Over 30 m thick, they consist of weathered material from the
hlgh volcanic plateau (silt , sand, gravel ) and entirely cover up the
substratum of the main gypseous formation.
The alluvial deposits are flooded downstream of IMI and on a
larger scale,in the depression between KELAFO and MUSTAHIL where the
'WABI SHEBELLE divides
into several arrose In this depression, a permanent
swamp can even be observed.
The alluvial deposits of the DAKETA, FAFEN and JERER
They distinctly contain more limestone than those of the WABISHEBELLE and are also composed of clay and limestone deposits.
After KEBRI-DAHAR, the FAFAN divides and finally spreads out
into several water spreading depressions where more or less saline deposits
can be observed.
2.1.2. Recent local deposits
The composition of recent local deposits 1S linked to the nature
of the substratum from which they der ive directly.
These deposits are mainly represented by the alluv~l and dejection
cones of intermittent rivers by the colluvial and slope deposits and by
weathered rock layers. The thickness of these deposits varies very much.
They are more or less important on the soft gypseous series where they form
spreading zones often extending to the outlet of the intermittent rivers of
OGADEN. On the limestone and cristalline rocks, they mainly consist of
weathered rock layers of these formations.
The most important alluvial depressions have been represented on
the map. They are localized in the Southern part of the basin between the
WAHl SHEBELLE and the FAFEN.
- 5 -
2.2. Sedimentary formations
2.2.1. ADIGRAT sandstones (Lias)
This formation indicates the beginning of the Jurassic transgression
on the cristalline base which reached the Western frontier of ETHIOPIA.
It is composed of soft coarse-grained and sometimes clayed red sandstone.
Its thickness varies between 30 m and 50 m. This sandstone can be seen near
the bottom of high valleys in the CHERCHER and HARAR provinces North - North-East
of the Basin. But owing to its thinness, its extension is very limited.
The most important sandstone outcrops have been observed in the higher valley
of the RAMIS and its tributaries. This formation is sometimes absent : in the
region South of HARAR, can often be seen the KEBRI-DAHAR limestone directly
in contact with granite.
2.2.2. The KEBRI-DAHAR limestone (Kimmeridgian - Portlandian)
This very thick formation (though its thickness is not determined)
probably exceeding 400 m, outcrops on over half of the basin. Limited in the
North - North-West by basaltic plateaus, in the North-East by granite, in the
South by the main gypseous formation and in the East by the Jessoma sandstone,
it forms semi-desertic causses consisting in large plateaus cut through by the
deep valleys of the mean courses of important rivers such as the WABI SHEBELLE
and its tributaries.
At a short distance after the MALKA-WACANA falls, the WABI
SHEBELLE and its tributaries cut deeply through this formation. The WABI SHEBELLE
gorges are often more than 500 m deep in the SHEK-HUSSIEN region.
The formation essentially consists of sublithographic limestone
in thick and distinctly stratified beds with intercalated and often thick
marly layers (DAKETA Lower Valley) gypseous or sandstone layers. Sorne intercalations of recifal limestone can also be found.
2.2.3. The main gypseous formation (Neocomian)
At the end of the Portlandian age, occured a phase of sea regression
and a period of sedimentation in shallow water of lagoon type. The main gypseous
formation results from this sedimentation.
This gypseous series, concordant on KEBRI-DAHAR limestone, appears
in the Southern part of the Basin between the Northern paraI leI : 7°20' and the
frontier. It is covered in the South-West and the South-East by the MUSTAHIL
limestone which forms a more or less broken up plateau.
It consists of alternating marI, clay, massive gypsum in thick
beds, dolomites and saline layers. Its thickness increases Southwards and
exceeds 300 m. This soft formation has the aspect of small rounded hills. The
drainage pattern is particularly dense in this area. Intermittent rivers
flow down to the alluvial plain of the WABI SHEBELLE forming large debris cones.
Many rivers form closed catchment areas where overland flow concentrates in
large water spreading basins (DANAN, DALAD Basins ... ).
- 6 -
2.2.4. MUSTAHIL limestone (Barremian - Albian)
The calcareous-dolimitic layer of the MUSTAHIL formation crowns
the main gypseous formation and forms the skeleton of the Lower OGADEN
plateaus .
On the right bank of the \olABI SHEBELIE, it is a strip stretching
from the Western limit of the basin (EL KERE region) to KELAFO. It also
constitutes the top of the plateaus near MUSTAFIL and BDRKDR.
On the left bank, the MUSTAHIL limestone is more important
and forms a bluff over the WABI SHEBELLE fro~ GODE to the frontier.
It is frequently broken up between the WABI SHEBELLE and the FAFEN but
forms a continuous plateau on the right bank of the FAFEN under the FERFER
gypsum and the JESSOMA and BELET DEN formations.
This formation is modaretly thick (30 m about) and consists in
marly and clayed beds surmounted with a very hard reddish dolomitic bed.
2.2.5. FERFER gypsum (Cenomanian)
The FERFER formation is not very thick (15 to 30 m) and is composed
of massive gypsum, of gypseous marlstone and dolomites.It has been deeply
weathered and dissolved and can only be found at the farthest South-Eastern
part of the basin between the MUSTAHIL limestone and the BELET DEN and
JESSOMA formations. It is often covered with colluvial deposits derived from
the weathering of the BELET DEN and JESSOMA formations.
On the plateau between LAZOLALE, SHILAVO and FERFER, local
dissolutions have made possible the formation of basins such as the IGLOLE
and SHILAVO basins.
2.2.6. BELET DEN zoogenous limestone and
sandston~
(Turonian)
The BELET DEN formation is composed of sandstone and of very ha rd
zoogenous limestone. This limestone form a steep slope East of the FERFER BARMEGO road, in the farthest South-Western part of the basin below the
JESSüMA sandstone formation.
2.2.7. JESSOMA sandstone
(Senonian)
The JESSOMA sandstone formation ends the secondary sedimentary
series of the WABI SHEBELLE basin. It shows a major transgression as
sandstone outcrops can be seen up to the North of the Basin, in direct contact
with the KEBRI-DAHAR limestone and under the basal tic layers of the TRAPP
series.
This soft sandstone formation has been much weathered and can
only be seen at the limits of the basin or on the top of isolated hillocks.
- 7 -
However, once again can be seen more or less weathered, large,
sandstone spreading zones, disseminated in all the basin.
The mot important outcrops exist
- On the Eastern side of the basin
East of a track from FERFER to KEBRI-DAHAR on the BELET UEN
formation.
East of the DEGAHBOUR-JIJIGA track on the KEBRI-DAHAR limestone.
- West of the Basin
In the EL KERE region on the MUSTAHIL limestone.
- North-West of the Basin :
Between GELEMSO and the South of GOLOLCHA, on the KEBRI-DAHAR limestone.
This formation mainly consists of sandstone and quartzite of a
mainly red purplish colour, which must have been very thick. In fact it is
100 m thick at ELE KERE and about 50 m thick near DEGAHBOUR on the track
leading to AWARE.
2.3. Volcanic formations
2.3.1. The TRAPP series (Miocene)
The TRAPP series consists of volcanic formations which covered during
the Miocene age, the KEBRI DARAR limestone and the JESSOMA sandstone.
This series results from the volcanic eruptions combined with important tectonic
movements to which the formation of the Rift Valley is due. Mainly composed
of basaltic layers, of ash deposits and volcanic tuffs, it forms reliefs
limiting the basin and the large plateaus which dominate the secondary formations.
It stretches in ARUSSI over all the Western part of the horn and
occupies a more or less narrow strip on the Northern border of the Basin froro
GOLOLCHA to GlRAWA. It also crowns the limestone plateaus on either side of
the WABI SHEBELLE in the LEGE HIDA region and forms a strech of N.W. - S.E.
reliefs included between the FAFEN and the JERER, South of JIJIGA.
The horizontal basaltic layers forro the skeleton of these high
plateaus.
The farthest Western part of the Basin is covered up with important
deposits of volcanic ash. In the GUEDEB plain which is a large depression
between the volcanic deposits and the MALKA-WAKANA falls, the layers of
volcanic tuffs alternate with basalt layers.
- 8 -
2.3.2. Intrusive basalts (Miocene)
Jutting through the sedimentary cover ,
seen aIl over the Basin.
basal tic peaks can be
These peaks result from tectonic movements subsequent to the
formation of the Rift Valley during the Miocene age.
They are different from those of the TRAPP series and consist of
basaIt with olivine of doleritic type. They can be seen forming two lines
between DEGAH-MEDO and DANAN and along the WABI SHEBELLE left bank between
IMI and GODE and in isolated hillocks around FIK and near KEBRI-DAHAR.
The basal tic hills present in general a very characteristic arc-shaped
aspect.
2.4. Granite
and metamorphic rocks (Precambrian)
The precambrian substratum appears North of the Basin where it
forrns the reliefs of HARAR culminating at a 3.000 m. height.
Its composition varies much and consists of more or less metamorphosed g~anite of migmatite type, rich in black mica and amphiboles with
beds of ribboned feldspar •. Pegrnatitic gneiss and granite wi th two sorts
of micas and amphiboles can also be found.
Overlying this granite , limestone
can be seen in sorne places.
of the KEBRI DAHAR formation
II l - STRUCTURE
The secondary formations regularly slope gently down to the South
West (5° to 10°) without any distortion.
Only the settling of granite
KEBRI DAHAR limestone .
caused a few local accidents 1n the
These formations are bro~en up by a network of faults with moderate
throw whose directions are mainly N.W.- S.E. and N.E.- S.W.
Various arguments allow to believe that the lower Valley of the WABRI
SHEBELLEtook the place of a tectonic basin. These arguments are as follows
1°) - The WABI SHEBELLE flows N.W - S.E, a practically straight
direction from IMI to the frontier, and following the preferential direction
of the fracturation.
2°) - Presence of an important structure with faults in the KELAFO
region and of a longitudinal fault paraI leI with the Valley between KELAFO
and BURKUR.
3°) - Basaltic peaks appear along the left bank of the WABI SHEBELLE
from IMI to GODE.
In the North, the basalts have covered the KEBRI DAHAR limestone
and the JESSOMA sandstone in large sub horizontal layers.
- 9 -
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL LIST
-=-=-=-=-
A. WORKS CONSULTED
DANIELLI G. (1943)
"Geologia dell' Africa Orientale"
Reale Academia d'ITALIA.
MOHR. P. (1963)
"Geology of ETHIOPIA"
University College of Sciences t
HAlLE SELASSIE 1 UniversitYt ADDIS ABEBA.
JELEN" CD. (1966)
"Mineral occurences of ETHIOPIA"
Ministry of Mines t ADDIS ABEBA.
U.N.E.S.C.O. (1970): "International legend of hydrogeological maps".
B. OTHER DOCUMENTS
MINISTRY OF MINES
ADDIS ABEBA - Documents on oil drillings and
mineral resources in the Basin.
WATER RESOURCES DEPARTMENT : Logs of aquifer drillings
FRENCH MISSION FOR THE STUDY OF THE WABI-SHEBELLE
AUROUZE J. (1968)
"Hydrogeological reconnaissances in OGADEN
Mission report of January-February 1968"
9 P't multigraph. ORSTOM. PARIS.
CASTANY (1969)
'~eport
of mission carried out from July 4th to
July 23rd 1969" 43 P annexes t Il separate
mapst multigraph. PARIS.
ANNE X
LEGEND FOR GEOLOGICAL MAP
OF WABI
SHEBE~LE
BASIN
LEGEND FOR GEOLOGICAL MAP OF WABI SHEBELLE BASIN
SEDI~ffiNTARY
FORMATIONS
Quaternary
Recent deposits
Alluvial deposits of great rivers
Secondary
JESSOMA s ands tone •................ Senoni an
BELET UEN nodular limestone •...•.• Turonian
FERFER gypsum.•.....•••......•.... Cenomani an }
MUSTAHIL limestone
Barremian
Albian
}
Neocomian
Main gypsum formation
KEBRI-DAHAR limestone
Kimmeridjian}
Portlandian
ADIGRAT sandstone •................ Lias
Upper
crètaceous
Lowet
cretaceous
Upper
Jurassic
Eruptive rocks
Basalts
Volcanic ash }
Volcanic tuff
Trapp series - Miocene
Intrusive basalt
Metamorphic granite
Miocene
Pre-Cambian
Conventional signs
Faults
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GOVERNMENT
NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION
ETHIOPIA - FRANCE
COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
WABI SHEBELLE SURVEY
IN COLLABORATION WITH
FRENCH MINISTR'Y
OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS
NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES
COMMISSION
BC EOM_ORSTOM_E DF
IGN_BDPA
EXPLICATI VE NOTE
OF THE GEOLOGICAL MAP OF OGADEN
AT A SCALE OF 1/250 000
(7 Sheets)
SEPTEMBER 1972
Hydrological Service
-
1 -
INTRODUCTION
The geological map at 1/250 000 of OGADEN was undertaken at the
time when the study of underground water took place in this region. It
especially aims at localizing the limits of the main geological formations.
This map is not the result of a regular geological survey . It is a
photogeological interpretation.
In order to prepare this map, the following work was carried out
in different stages :
]0)
_
Geological observations on the important road
a~s
GODE - FERFER
FERFER - SHILAVO - KEBRI-DAHAR
KEBRI-DAHAR - GODE
KEBRI-DAHAR - DEGAHBOUR
DEGAHBOUR - SEGEG - DUHUN - DANAN
2°) Simultaneous interpretation of aerial photographs at 1/50 000
from the U.S. Mapping Mission (coverage in 1964) and transfer
on base maps at 1/100 000 which were drawn using the mosaics
resulting from these aerial photographs.
3°) Examination of available drilling logs.
4°) Local detailed studies : KELAFO, BARMEGO, KEBRI-DAHAR, DANAN
regions.
5°) Transfer of the limits deterrnined at the scale of 1/100 000 on
the final planimetrie base map at 1/250 000.
ALI the recent weathering deposits visible on aerial photographs
have been transfered on this map, even if in several cases, they cannot
constitute, owing to their thinness, a distinct geological formation.
Under the supervision of G. CASTANY from BRGM, scientific Consultant,
this map was drawn up by D. BAUDUIN, ORSTOM
geologist and his assistant
J.C. JULLIEN using the studies by G. RICHE, ORSTOM soil scientist.
D. BAUDUIN wrote the explicative note.
- 2 1. THE MAPPED AREA
1.1. Limits
The mapped area forms the Southern part of the WABI SHEBELLE and
FAFEN catchment basins in ETHIOPIA. It is situated between the Northern
parallcls : 5° and 8°15' and the Eastern meridians : 41°30' and 45°30'.
Its Ncrthern limit is slightly above the following localities : DEGAHBOUR,
DEGAH-MEDO, SEGEG and IMI. Its Southern limit is formed by the border
separating ETHIOPIA from SOMALIA. East and West, the mapped area ends at
the limits of the WABI SHEBELLE and FAFEN r:ver basins.
1.2. Sheet layout
The base of the geological map is the planimetrie base map at
1/250 000 drawn up by the Cartographical Division of the Mission for the
WAHl SHEBELLE Study.
The geological wap consists of7 sheets following the planimetrie
map (see the index of sheets on the adjoining map). These sheets are
represented by the following names : DEGAHBOUR, DUHUN, KEBRI-DAHAR, IMI,
GODE, GODERE, MUSTAHIL.
Il. STATIGRAPHY
2.1. Quaternary formations
The quaternary sediments are grouped ln two categories according
to their origin :
- Alluvial deposits of large rivers composed of elements transported along
long distances,
- Recent local deposits either formed on the spot or composed of elements
transported along very short distances.
2.1.1. Alluvial deposits of large rivers
They mainly consist in the WABI SHEBELLE, FAFEN and JERER alluvial
deposits.
- The alluvial deposits of the WABI SHEBELLE are mainly composed of elements
resulting from the weathering of volcanic rocks on the high plateaus •.
These deposits consist in more or less sandy silts and gravels rich
in ferromagnesian mineraIs and in mica which confirms their volcanic
origin. Though their substratum is gypse~us, these deposits are not very
salty.
---------------,1
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2 bis.
Tableau d'assemblage
/
des feuiUes de la cCirte géologique
au 1/250 000·
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Index of odjoining sheefs
géological map sca/~ 1/250000
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- 3 -
These alluvial deposits are quite thick and spread continuously
from lMl to the frontier on either side of the WABl SHEBELLE (IMl, GODE,
MUSTAHlL sheets). But their extent varies largely and between GODE and
MUSTAHlL, three large alluvial plains can be observed :
- The GODE plain spreading largely on theright bank of the
WABl SHEBELLE.
- The KELAFO plain on the left bank of the WABl SHEBELLE
- The flooding plain spreading between KELAFO and MUSTAHlL on either
river bank.
North of the GODE plain up to lMl, the alluvial deposits are not
so important and are limited to a moderately large strip about 5 km wide.
The alluvial deposits of the FABEN and JERER distinctly contain more
limestone than those of the WABl SHEBELLE. Composed of clay and limestone
deposits, they have been transported along shorter distances.
They do not spread much up to FANHAD (15 km Northwards of KEBRlDAHAR) but then spread in several water spreading hollows on the main
gypseous series :
- The hollow upstream of KEBRl-DAHAR
- The hollow downstream of KEBRl-DAHAR
- The DOBOWElN hollow
- The lGLOLE plain.
Southwards, the alluvial deposits become more and more gypseous.
These deposits can be seen on the DEGAHBOUR. KEBRl-DAHAR sheets
and 1n the farthest North-Eastern part of the GODE sheet.
2.1.2. Recent local deposits
All the sediments formed on the spot or transported along short
distances have been grouped together in this formation.
They consist of :
alluvial deposits and debris cones from intermittent rivers
colluvial, slope and piemont deposits
- weathering layers
- wind erosion deposits
Their thickness varies and their petrographical nature 1S directly
linked to the nature of the substratum :
- scarcely saline red sandy silt deposits with limestone crusts
on the KEBRl-DAHAR and MUSTAHlL limestones.
- 4 - red gypseous silts with limestone pebbles of local origin, on the
gypseous series (main gypsum and Ferfer Gypsum).
These local deposits are represented on aIl the map sheets. On the
soft gypsum formations, they spread very largely.
2.2. Sedimentary formations
The sedimentary series of OGADEN stretching from the Upper Jurassic
to the Upper Cretaceous, includeB the 6 following main formations.
2.2.1. The KEBRI-DAHAR limestone (Kimmeridgian-Portlandian)
This formation is especially composed of sublithographic limestone
in distinctly stratified layers with marI and gypsum intercalations and
coralian beds.
At the top of the formation, the limestone very gradually shows an
increasing lagoon-like facies composed of marly limestone intercalations,
of marIs and of gypsum.
MOHR (1963) indicates a fauna compr1s1ng : Cephalopodes (Belennopsis
tanganensis, Anavirgatites) of Gastropodes, Echinoderms (Burgundia Semichathrata,
Cidaris glandularies, Nerinea Desvodiji) and of Coelenteres (corals) which
allows to consider the KEBRI-DAHAR limestone as dating back from the Upper
Jurassic (Kimmeridgian - Portlandian).
This formation occupies a large are a represented on the DEGAHBOUR
sheet, the most Northern part of the DUHUN sheet and the 2/3 Eastwards of
the KEBRI-DAHAR sheet. It is very important being over 400 m thick.
2.2.2. The main gypseous formation (Neocomian)
At the end of the Portlandian age a regression of the sea takes
place followed by a sedimentation phase in shallow water or water of the lagoon
type.
The deposited sediments compose the main gypseous formation which
occupies a large part of OGADEN. It is made up of alternating marIs, more or
less gypseous clays, of thick beds of massive gypsum, of dolomites and
thick saline layers.
The gypseous formation over 300 meters thick 1n the North, becomes
visibly thicker South of OGADEN.
The outcropping surface of this formation is very large. It
can be seen on aIl the sheets except on those of DEGAHBOUR. On the DUHUN
and KEBRI-DAHAR sheets, gypseous formation gradually substitued for KEBRIDAHAR limestone can be observed.
- 5 -
2.2.3. The MUSTAHIL limestone (Barremian-Albian)
The upper part of the main selenitous formation
by a dolomitic-calcareous layer about 30 m thick.
i~
crowned
This layer comprises more or less marly and white chalky beds
surmounted with a reddish-coloured dolomitic layer. It forms a very distinct
bluff
over the main gypsum, which represents a major geomorphological
feature of Lower OGADEN.
This level is very fossiliferous. MOHR notes there the
fo: lowing fauna : Vergilia Vogeli, Mytilus equatorialis, Toxaster collegnoi,
Pygaulus Kelleri, Arca Gabrieli for the Barremian, sp cheloniceras, sp
Parahophites, sp Ancyloceras for the Albian. These origins were confirmed
by the fossiles collected in the region. The MUSTAHIL limestone would
therefore belong to the Barremian-Albian age.
The MUSTAHIL limestone forms the skeleton of the plateaus in
Lower OGADEN. It overhangs, forming a bluff, the billowing reliefs of the
main selenitous formation between the WAHl SHEBELLE and the FAFEN, South of
the line : KEBRI-DAHAR, GODE (GODE and MUSTAHIL sheets). South of the
WABI SHEBELLE, it can be seen as a structural surface in the KELAFO and
MUSTAHIL region and forms the South-Western border of the basin stretching
to EL KERE (IMI, GODERE, GODE, MUSTAHIL sheets). East of the FAFEN, this
continuous layer is often covered with FERFER gypsum or with the BELET-UEN
and JESSOMA formations (GODE, MUSTAHIL sheets).
2.2.4. The FERFER gypsum (Cenomanian)
series
Over the main selenitous formation, appears another gypsous
the FERFER gypsum belonging to the Cenomanian age.
This serles is not very thick (15 to 20 m) and consists in
gypseous marI , limestone and dolomite . It only outcrops in the SouthEastern part of OGADEN where it covers more or less unbrokenly the SHILAVO
plateau (SHILAVO, MUSTAHIL sheets).
2.2.5. The zoogenous limestone
(Turonian)
and the sandstone
of BELET-UEN
They consist in alternating sandstones and very hard zoogenous
limestone . They are only represented in the most Southern part of the basin
where limestone form a cliff ; East of the track between LAMMABAR and
FERFER (MUSTAHIL sheet).
The limestone formation of BELET VEN is fossileferous (Belenopsis
ultimus , Terebratulina gracilis, sp Requienia, sp Monopleura, Orbitolines)
this formation could be considered aS belonging to the Turonian age.
2.2.6. The JESSOMA sandstone
IT lS
(Senonian)
The JESSOMA sandstone formation end the sedimentary series of OGADEN.
èspecially composed of sandstone and purplish red quartzite .
- 6 Largely transgressing on the previous series they even appear
directly in contact with the KEBRI-DAHAR limestone .
In OGADEN, they have been weathered and are localized at the
edge of the basin or on top of isolated reference hillocks. They form aIl
the Eastern side (DEGAHBOUR, KEBRI-DAHAR. MUSTAHIL sheets) and at the top
of several hillocks on the main gypsum (DUHUN sheet).
2.3. Eruptive rocks
Some basaltic outcrops can be seen in OGADEN where they form
not very high round hills often presenting the aspect of an arc. These are
basaIt with olivine belonging to the doleritic type.
They jut through the KEBRI-DAHAR limestone between DEGAH-MEDO
and SEGEG (DEGAHBOUR sheet) and East of KEBRI-DAHAR in the EL-HAR region
(KEBRI-DAHAR sheet).
From IMI to GODE. they mark out the left bank of the WABI SHEBELLE
cutting through the main selenitous formation (IMI and GODE sheets).
These volcanic eruptions are linked to the important tectonic
movements of the miocene age which resulted in the formation of the Rift.
Valley.
III. TECTONIC
The secondary formations of OGADEN present a monoclinal
structure. They gently slope to the South-West with a very low dip of 5° to
10°. They are broken up by a fault system with a moderate throw.
These faults have two main directions NW-SE and NE-SW which
are distinctly seen in the KELAFO and MUSTAHIL region. As in the case of
volcanic eruptions, this system of faults is linked to the formation of the
Rift Valley and consequently would belong to the miocene age.
Il CD- '1
1'J'Q' "1r'-l- 001'1P'tU11 T 6\ 01?"r '0 01l. 7i '7 (J1) ,.w GIl lb1-
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GOVERNMENT
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RESOURCES COMMISSION
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ETHIOPIA - FRANCE
COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
W AB! SHEBELLE SURVEY
8'30~----
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NAZARETH
IN COLLABORATION WITH
FRENCH MINISTRY
OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS
NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES
COMMISSION
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OF WABI SHEBELLE BASIN
0\-
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DECEMBER 1973
Shashemane
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QUATERNARY
QUATERNAIRE
<G'
Rocon! loul dtposits
Ol,6rs i#aM. Io<.n
AlluYitl deposits al u,nl ''''''.
Al/w"/NlS •• ,,,~s </JU,. d'HU
1
38'30
6'30
TERTIARY
TERTIAIRE
Miocene
Miocène
•
•
Senonian
V~It.lnlç .,"e$
S~rùJ
de TRAPP
+++
SECONDARY
MESOZOIC
MESOZOIQUE
SECONDAIRE
,•o
•
li"
-
u
Cenomanian
Cénomanien
D
D
International boundary
Limite de province
"""."ifuu
Inlru.i... b...llI
Bu..lrr. lnulnJf.
- + -
Boundary of study
@ HARAR
Provincial capital
• GODE
Chef.lieu de sous-province
Nadul.. limes'..... al e.ElfT ·l!EN
C.Iut'œ. nMUMJ'" dl BEIET.YEN
o Dagal
•
8uloye
~ERffR ;1~lum
Sub·provincial capital
District capital
Cherlieu de district
Vif/age
Precambrian
Precambrien
Route principale
D
D
10
40
3D
20
50Miles
10
s
0
10
20
3D
40
50 Km
Cours d'eau permanent
AlbilJn
Lias
Lias
o
Intermittent water course
Main road
D
,
Puits
Cours d'eau intermittent
Kimmtiddgien
Portlandien
MIO
Weil
MUSTAHIL tinltSlO,,"
Kimmeridgian
Portlandian
SCALE 1:1.000000
Village
C""ifts th MI/STAHll
D
$hilavo
Permanent water course
GypRI do F.".,
\
Chef-lieu de province
Barremien
Néocomien
4\°30
Limite de lëtude
Barremian
Albjan
Neocomian
~~--
Limite d'état
.è'
\1
Provincial boundary
Vole,..icMts
fuis
<$'';;
k
TRAPP serie
C'nd", WJ/r:,niqws
• Ouhun
Turonian
Turonien
-e
\
GESOMA sa"dstoMS
Gri. '" 6ESQMA
SénonÎl1n
--6'30
Mlln lIypsum tormltion
fDfm,o'(NI mUU$f
-----------
'fÎn<ipI~
Secondary road
Piste principale
AOIGllAlund'lontS
Gd, d"AOIGRAT
Secondary trail
Piste secondaire
+
=
Celle cane a été dressée par D, BAUDUIN, avec
la collaboration de G. RICHE. J.-c. JULLIEN (chercheurs ORSTOM), Abere WAKJIRE et Tewolde
SOLOMON; G. CASTANY (BRGM) étant consul-
'"0-------:'
---t:::..---4o---5·30
lalJt.
Route secondaire
Main trail
KEBAI.OAHAlllimOll0,,"
C,k.irrJ • UBR/·OAHAII
This map has been eSlablished by D. BAUDUIN,
wÎth the collaboration of G. RICHE, J.C. JUlliEN
iORSTOM scient/sts), Abere WAKJIRE and
Tewolde SOlOMON; G. CASTANY (BRGM) acting
as a consultant.
Documents and sources :
Documents et informations:
Reports from:
Rapports de;
P. MOHR. Geologia of Elhiopia DANIElU Geologia deI!" Africa Orientale
)(
1 )(
Ethiopian Ministry of mines and Water Resources Department
x
Landing field
)(
Terrain d'atterrissage
Lake
Lac
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Gr,rritlJ m'l,morphIJi'
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GOVERNMENT
RESOURCES COMMISSION
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This mal) has been established by D. BAUDUIN.
wilh the collaboration 01 G. RICHE. J.C. JULLIEN
lORSTOM scienllstsl. Abere WAKJtRE and
Tewolde SOLOMON: G. CASTANY IBRGMI acting
as a consultant.
DocumentS and sources
Documents et informations
Reports home
Rapports de;
Celle carle éI été eJressée par D. BAUDUIN, avec
la collaboratiOIJ de G. RICHE, J.-c. JULL/EN (chercheurs ORSTOM), Abere WAKJIRE et Tewolde
SOLOMON: G CASTANY (BRGM) étant consuliBlII.
P. MOHA. Geologia of Ethiopia DANIElLJ Geologia den' Alrica Orientale
Ethiopian Ministry of mines and Willer Resources Department
,
,
"
ETHIOPIA - FRANCE
COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
W ABI SHEBELLE SURVEY
~. ._ _..:.vers~re
IN COllABORATION WITH
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,
NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES
COMMISSION
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GEOLOGICAL MAP OF OGADEN
1
"
-
,
,
DEGAHBOUR
---,....
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.., ,
........
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APRil 1974
,
~
MA? N"
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*11 Mtttn.......
QUATERNARY
QUATERNAIRE
.-.-...-..-.
siIR. d.,
_ ~ ....'" __.<;
[
TERTIARY
Miocene
1.""""" ..,.....ults
Miocène
Ihultn m""WI j . . .'"
Senonian
Sénonien
Upper
Cretaceous
Turonian
Crétacé
Turonien
supérieur
~
~
~
Cenomanian
"'J '1
,
,, '
.,
......
\
\
"--" ,
\
.'
.
..rJ::.
J
...
,
Y,
---,1
....
,....
'UlIIVI1fJ lOupl
lower
Cretaceous
,
)
•
BElElIJEN III"". uf>dllQrIH Ind lOOfI"'C I,m..!o""
SÎlttI • RElIT liEN 11ft
rI "kIl/IfJ
tNJ'-
..,.......... .....
....
.... ..
, ..
,.klllfl. ,aira,"
MUI.
_,_~
..-.
,, ,
Neocomian
Néocomien
inférieur
Upper
.....
• v y •••
••••••
•••••
• •••••
y
••
,. •
[
M"'m-."lO"
r..._
~.
--
If ' ...... ~ ~. .
.-._ls.doy
"".....m- _
....:..
....
lCEllAllWWI ....
~l. .
S-• • 1l/8/II1JAHA11
Kimmeridgien
Portlandien
.
........
""1.""In
1IS,
~Iuirn
""'* *' _ __.-.
~
_ma-
--
...tI,..ty ....
uIc.-s
__
.
,
Gtologiul conlacllinl
CrH/rOUr ,h/{)fifW
-
•,'.
•
,.
• •••• y
Kimmeridgian
Portlandian
Jurassic
supérieur
S...., • MusrAHII.u/ullfl _
A/bien
Crétacé
Jurassique
MUSTAHIL "'IIJ; _Iyl/lllll dllll, I.....l.... .--'IIC ....I.....
811rrémien
,
,
FUlffR"'1IJ I~Plll... I"""lGI'"' mtlly 1'l1li111111$ dojom,ll
Albian
,
'.
Barremian
SECONDAIRE
~--
\
,"~d'IO"II"~ rlll ~"I!UOlI'
Sblfl • rEREER
C(momBnien
SECONDARY
GESOMA ..,,,.·
S",., dP 6ESOMA
,
<
Al!.r1tl ~l'" 11111 1_. tWASI-SHE8Ull. FAfEN. JEflEAl.••".11. u ......~s.
A6IM.... ~ pWI UWJ r_ (WAIJ/ SHE61l11. FAFEll ARER! ~'MfS, sMh. litHa
TERTIAIRE
,,
... .......
----
fault
,.,/~
-
'.
....
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·
..
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.......,
,
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.........
.
,
•
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•
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,
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,
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,
7'30'
Unclrtlin llUl1
,.illr lIypothifiqw
N
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Au durne';n,1
X
Axis olantidinl
Au d"fl/iclin,'
Suikelnd dip
Oirre/ion rI ptndilg,
o
Ougwell
Puits ertus#
Orilledwell
Puits fori
43'00'
Planimetrie map based on the provisional sketches
at approximately 1;100000 and using the map al
1'500000 established by the WAR OFFICE fEAST
INDEX 5HEET
Town, important village. administrative center
AFA ICA .1946 J
Drafted in 1969 by the NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES
COMMISSION WABI SHEBEllE SURVEY.
Scale 1:250.000
Fond p/o/Umetrique établi dapres les esquisses proviSOires
au 1.100000 environ appuyees sur la carle au 1:500000
du WAR OFFICE EAST AFRICA (1946).
Execute en 1969 au NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES
COMMISSION _ ETUDE DU WABI SHEBELLE,
Ville. viNage Important. centre administratif
M5
4
•
J
Km 5 •
o
2
J
2
o
5
5
Small village
Petit village
15 Miles
10
10
15
20 Km
...
o
Permanent river
Rivière permanente
Temporary river. thalweg, flow trace
Rivière temporaire. thalweg. trace decou)ement
Main road or trail
Route ou piste principale
Lake, water plane
Lac plan d'eau
Secondary trail
Piste secondaire
Important hill summit
Sommet important
Foot trail. trail
Piste a pied. sentier
lirnit of study zone
Limite de léwde
-----
---
Small isolated hill summit
Petit sommet isolé
Cliff,rocky escarpment. plateau bound ary
Fa/aise, escarpement rocheux,limite de plateau
--Ec--
------
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v il. -l- v- A,- y
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COMMISSION
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\
-----
----::-- ..... -
Town, important village. administrative center
Ville, vi~/age important, centre administratif
Sm ail village
Petit village
1
.....
'\
,/
~
\
~
,
l1
o
Secondary trail
Piste secondaire
J' '
-----
Foot trai!. trail
Piste a pied. sentier
r,, ,,)
---
Limit of study zone
Limite de letude
,,
Permanent river
Rivière permanente
1
1
1
IV
~.
Main road or trail
Route ou piste plincipale
,, ,- /
1
f,
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\
.1 >---- ,
~-- ,,
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'"---
~ ' ............
'
, - - -,-~
- -1 .......
/
,
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Temporary river. thalweg. f10w trace
Rivière tempor.lire. thalweg, trace decoulement
Lake, water plane
Lac plan d'eau
Important hill summit
Sommet important
GEOLOGICAL MAP Of OGADEN
Small isolated hill summit
Petit sommet isolé
C1iff.rocky escarpment, plateau boundary
Falaise, escarpement rocheux,limite de plateau
DUHUN
'7
*f.~ "\.
6)I.ST'bTv\
APRIL 1974
MA? N D 2
, ,
:s~
\
N~
!loco"llocal ~.~.j1S Il'".....1, coll"".1 .nd SID~ d.po.its "••nd•.•il". ci.v.
Dt!rMIS rt!«nff lqe~ur ~/lu",ons. cO//IMOn'- INpôl th nn~s. sabl~s. /omons.
QUATERNARY
QUATERNAIRE
1u \/?'"
~rgiIeS,
,1
\
0·0"
c> ".,Q
.,
0' .• -0
~oc::>a
/
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,
-......\
Allo... 1diposil' 01 g'~.l Il.... IWABI SH[8'LLI. f AfEN, J,RERI, g.... Is. undl. 1,111
AIIIMDI!S d~s ,,."". 'DJlIS d'uu (WAHl SHEHEllE. FAFEN JEREIII '''''~IS. sah'"s. limons.
~
,
'
INDEX SHEET
-
...;
/
[
TERTIARY
TERTIAIRE
v
Miocene
v
• ~ ••
• • v ., •
v
v "
V
,,'v".".',,"
v • • v .,
Miocène
$enonian
Upper
Cretaceous
Crétacé
supérieur
SECQNDARY
Turonian
Turonien
Ii§!"
"
0
"
' .'
i
BElfl·UEN .....s. ,"nd'IO"" Ind 100gl",' limlS,on"
Stf,,~. '" BEler liEN. Ires tr ,,/c.,rtl reoginu
0
f,RHR '0"01
Si"•• th fERFER.pr,"s. ,11r01"S. ,"/tOlftS m~'lIIIux. liolamlu
~IP."m.
hmUIO"ts. morly l,nlUlonudolomnl
Barremian
SECONDAIRE
Albian
Lower
Barrémien
Cretaceous
A/bien
Crétacé
inférieur
Upper
MUSTAHlllf"": mari. Ind <hllky Iimu,onlS, dolomin< lim'Sloflu
S;"ts th MIiSrAHII :"/'OlftS IIMIII~Ux el CIO,.UX, '01<0"" doIoml/lqlJ"s
.. , .
;.»»:
,
Néocomien
, , , v ,
FOIm.,,"" 9rPUIJ.. p""',p.k:9rP.... m'If"" ~"I!... doloml~s. h,Iitu
'0 •
oe.~-'\;
'»:'.
,,,".),', ',',1',',"1'
,
Kimmeridgian
KEBRI·llAHAR '0"0' : hlh"ll"pn« Ilm"IOOO'. ml,I•. m.fiv limulonu. gv~sum
Si",. th KfBRlOAHAII·c.I"'rts IIIl>o!iraphlqW!s m'''''s. ,o/<llfts mar","x. IJrPS/!s
/
,'''-,v.
3
KEBRI·OAHAR
5
GODE
IMI
GOOERE
6
,.. . .
'z' ",'.',' ,....
;".. '.'l· .. ,~v'.l.".>".... <~«':~
. ~'».'\:>.·.·,'."'.,,·
v:.,.~ .. ,'1.',},,'...... f'f:rIJ'/I"'"
'J'" v:: .... ,vv'"t".,', •• ,
'L
''',.,'
"'"
,.:;<...,.,'"., •• '
'.J:' ,~'.'..
',v,! "
v !...ol,,'.
,
',
.
,' ~ ,,'
/
,~
••..\ ,
~'\v ••, .....',.,'."
\' " , • ~ , , ,
" " _ " ' ' ' ' '.~"' ' ' 'vi,
' ' ' '•.
'
,'v"l",r---.."
,y","', ,,'.,,' "",.'~'t·' ,v,.,'.~.!...!"'1
• • ••
. , ' ....
'"
..
"". • "
' ' ' ' v, l .•'• ,.
' , ,••
.
.v.,''/,
, ,••
' ' ,,
_ ,.,."~v
•• v ••~ ... ....
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........ ...
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S."" tif 6fSOMA ,ds ~I qu.rtlift. ID""S
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/.
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6'30'
-:.;.!< <',
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41'30'
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faille hypothétique
N
x
x
Allis of syndine
Axe de syntlinal
Allis of ~ntictine
Axe d'antic1inlll
Strike and dip
Direction el pendage
o
Oug weil
Puits creusé
Orilledwell
Puits foré
Planimelric map based on the provisional sketches
at approximately 1:100000 and using the map at
1'500000 established by the WAR OFFICE (EAST
AFA ICA .1946)
Drafted in 1969 by the NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES
COMMISSION WABI SHEBELLE SURVEY.
Fond planrmctrique établi d~lpreS les esquisses provisoires
au 1.100000 environ appuyees sur la carte au 1:500000
du WAR OFFICE EAST AFRICA (7946).
Execute en 1969 au NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES
COMMISSION _ ETUDE DU WABI SHEBELLE.
Scale 1:250,000
M5
4
3
Km 5
o
2
4
3
o
5
15 Miles
10
5
10
15
20 Km
This map has been established by D. BAUDUIN.
with the collaboration of G. RICHE. J.C. JUlLlEN
WRSTOM scientistsJ. Abere WAKJIRE and
Tewolde SOlOMON: G. CASTANY (BRGM} acting
as a consultant.
Documents and sourçes :
Documents et informaI ions:
Reports from:
Rapports de:
Celle carle {j été dressée par D. BAUDUIN, avec
la collaboration de G. RICHE, J.-C. JULL/EN (chercheurs ORSTOM). Abere WAKJIRE et Tewolde
SOLOMON: G. CASTANY (BRGM) étanl cOr/sultant.
P. MOHA. Geologia of Ethiopia DANIELLI Geologia delr Africa Orientale
Ethiopian Ministry of mines and Water Resources Department
"1r'-r
ç> Gr
Y Ul1lt Ô'\ 0"9 "t-
'ntnl. n 1
ETHIOPIAN
1'1F-r
<m~{,ll
,
f\,lt
GOVERNMENT
"
,
RESOURCES COMMISSION
":'1
ETHIOPIA
- FRANCE
,.
COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
.. " ."
W ABI SHEBELLE SURVEY
......
IN COLLABORATION WITH
'.'
FRENCH MINISTRY
OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS
NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES
COMMISSION
BCEOM,ORSTOM.EDF
IGN_BDPA
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'.'
.'.
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GEOLOGICAL MAP OF OGADEN
'.'
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KE BRI-DAHAR
:;
"."
.. - ,.
APRil 1974
"
.
,.
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.... ,.
.::' ,"' .:...<
MA? N°3
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.....
lleœn!IOCiI d'pat'!1 .liu",.l çoilu",.I.nd 1101lll dt~lnl . lilnds. lills. d.v.
DipD/S ""'IlIS /qç~ur ,l'umm. con"""I'I' INpOl do
utkt. hmOJll ,,,,kt.
ft""'
QUATERNARY
'0'0"
C> .",,0
<>.
o .• '"
'~Oc:::HI
Allu",.1 dt~1111 DI ;rtll11VliII!WABI SHEBHlE. fAFEN. JEAEAl. ;Ill'ell.lInds. l'Ill.
AIIIM"'" th. ,,.,,;. cours duu (WAHl SHEBEll!. (AfEN. JERHII
u~ltt.
....
,"rMIJ.
.....
[
TERTIAIRE
.. '
".";"
,
,''';.'
....
'.
~UATERNAIRE
TERTIARY
,
.... :."
.:,
Miocene
Miocène
Inllu....... oh.... 1.",.111
Hu,IIU mr,uSJf. ~
SenonÎan
0/1"",.
:.,
,fi.
.'.
Upper
Cretaceous
Crétacé
Turonian
Turonien
supérieur
SECONDARY
SECONDAIRE
Lower
Cretac80U$
Crétacé
inférieur
Upper
Jurassic
Jurassique [
supérieur
ml
°o
0
°0
:
~
le""'
fERFEA
Néocomien
:'.' ;
'.'
~'.'
Si".s if Hf/fER 11'f'.' coh,,,,. ule"",. """""u)( dollHfl/.'
Neocomian
'
..;.
. ~.
Cenomanian
A/bien
'.
-';:::;""
le"...
BELEf·UEH
Slud.lD".. l'Id tOOt"n,ç hm,,, .....
Sints if 8{/ fT liEN :,Ii• •, ,,l'''ltl lIXI9;"".
Cénomanien
Barremian
Albian
Barrémien
.' :
......
GESOMA ......, . Slndl!onl1.nd rtd ~U'rllj!'1
Ir oUlUitt. IO!Jgt.
SM•• ;" CrSOMA
Sénonien
....
.....
.. .
,yp,um. hm••lonl•• mllly hmnlo.,.. dolomlll
MUSTAHll ...i..: m.rlrlnd ç~llk, IrmeslO"", d.lomllie IrlTlll!"""
Si".. th MIJSTAHll .. c~IeI'"'
.....
......
,•• v ••
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.....
v • , •••
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lf~Y"UI.
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r"'"tI"O" IYP""" p"MI".II:II'PU. ""'mU 'fliit. hllHfll,•• ".hllS
.'
.:-
"
.
';.:.'
'.'
Kimmeridgian
Portlandian
Kimmsridgien
. ':-'
KEBAI DAHAA ...,.1 .. Illoo'tlplI't I;mtl!or>el. 01.011.. mlrly IrmtllO"'.;vplum
Si".. dl KE8RI·OAHAR c~I<~,rt, ht/lof,.,Ili,Uf' """"". ,~b,,,,, m"""~
'
Portlandien
.'.
....'.' ,
Geologlcal contaclline
Contom géolugique
/
Faull
Cl,
Failfe
'"o
Uncertaîn lault
FaJ1fe hypothétique
N
x
x
Axis 01 svncllne
Axe de synclinal
AxiS 01 anlidine
Axe d'anticliflill
Planimetrie map based on the provisional sketches
at approximately 1:100000 and using Ihe map at
1'500000 established by the WAR OFFICE (EAST
AFRICA .19461
Orafted in 1969 by the NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES
COMMISSION WA81 SHE8EllE SURVEY.
Stoke and dip
Fond plantmetrique etabli d'apres les esquisses provisoires
au 1: 100000 environ appuyees sur la carte au 1:500000
du WAR OFFICE EAST AFRICA (1946).
Execute en 1969 au NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES
Oil11cuunetpendage
COMMISSION _ ETUDE DU WAHl SHEHELLE.
INDEX SHEET
Scale 1; 250.000
2
DUHUN
4
3
5
4
3
Km 5
GDDE
GDDERE
6
Puits futé
M5
o
2
5
15 Miles
10
1<E8RI-DAHAR
Dug weil
Puits creusê
Drilledwell
o
Town. important village. administrative center
Permanent river
Ville. village important. centre administratif
Rivière permanente
Small village
.-e---<--
~
3
]
o
10
15
20 Km.
-----
---
Temporary river. thalweg. flow trace
Rivière temporaire, thalweg, trace dëcoulement
Main road or trail
Lake, water plane
Route ou piste principale
Lac plan d'eau
Secondary trail
5
--'
---
Petit vil/age
IMI
o
4fIt.
Piste secondaire
Foot trail. trail
Piste
;j
pied, sentier
...
Important hill summit
Sommet important
Small isolated hill summit
Petit sommet isolé
limit of study lone
Cliff,rocky escarpment, plateau boundary
Limite de lërude
Falaise, escarpement rocheux, limite de plateau
This map has been established by O. BAUDUIN,
wilh the collaboration of G. RICHE, J.C. JULUEN
(ORSTOM scientistsl. Abere WAKJIAE and
Tewolde SOLOMON; G. CASTANY (BAGM) acting
as a consultant.
Documents and sources :
Oocuments et informations:
Reports Irom:
Rapports de:
Celte carte a été dressée par D. BAUDUIN, avec
fa cofl8bor8t;on de G. RICHE, J.~C. JULLIEN (chercheurs ORSTOM). Abere WAK.JIRE et Tewolde
SOLOMON: G. CASTANY (BRGM) étant consu/~
t8nt.
P MOHA. Geologia of Ethropia DANIElli Geologla dei!' Alflca Onentale
Ethiopian Ministry of mines and Water Resources Department
n. :,. '" A-
f
{lm.Lr~
'} "l
00
IlQrY
IMPERIAL
U{lT 61011"1-
(J1) (JJ 0S
n~n1
ETHIOPIAN
r :,.
44 ·30'
43"Ov'
.,
5'30'
,
•
rbT
,"
GOVERNMENT
NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION
FRANCE
ETHIOPIA
COOPERAliVE PROGRAM
W AB! SHEBELLE SURVEY
IN COLLABORATION WITH
BCEOM_ORSTOM_EDF
IGN_BDPA
NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES
COMMISSION
FRENCH MINISTRY
OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS
,,
,,
,
(
,
IV
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(
,,
,,
,
,
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5"00'
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,
A.u"t lotal dOPOSiI' 011.".1. tolluVI.tond .1."" lIOpollll ; unC•• ,ill.. eI.y,
0.,0" tPun/< !tJI:1"~ .UUI'rOnJ. ~DH""IM" dif6/ do ,.nr~ ubk.. hm"".. • tpiln
.
QUATERNARY
QUATERNAIRE
0
0.0
o
·;;0
., ..
0_ •
.,
,~Oo<:J
[
TERTIARY
1
(
\
1
5'00'
,
V
1
APRIL 1974
MAP N'6
"
",
,
,
,,
(,
,,
GEOlOGICAl MAP OF OGADEN
TERTIAIRE
,,
Miocene
Miocène
Inrru .... oh",,," b...lr.
B.ultn ml/uli', • Dliv",'
Senonian
SénonÎen
Upper
Cretaceous
Turonian
Turonien
Crétacé
AlluVI.1 drposus .1 'l'UllI'''' (WABI·SHEeHLE. fAHN. JEAEAl. ;riVl!ls. ufllls. srlrs.
Allu"'D'" d., ,"rrtl r~Uf$ 'pu (WABI SHEBElU. rAHN. JEflERi ,~_ .. mlu h",,,,,.
GESOMA Wlts'
S~"u dt
, ,, , ,,
§!§]
undsr~nt:S Ind ,.,j
fiESQMA
ellE! ·UfN SH"I.
Sj,~, dt
,rj, ./
Sindsr~n.s
qUIIllit.,
qU'1VI~'
lod
'""9"
s
""''l'.'! r,m.sr~n.'
o
M
L
A
1
A
8EUr-llEN.,rn '/ <lIt.,,.. lDOli""
superieur
Cenomanian
Cénomanien
SECONDARY
fEMrA SI,in
S.,'"
Qvpsum.I,m.sr~n."
dt f{Rf{fI.,yp~s.
marl,lim"oo,... doloml1.
r'/(;'It'"
r.Ie",~,
_'MU'"
'DIo",,,.
Barremian
SECONDAIRE
Albian
lower
8arrémien
Cretaceous
Albien
Crétacé
Neocomian
Néocomien
inférieur
Upper
Jurassic
Jurassique
l. supérieur
MUS1AHIl $tI't< ' ml'Iv Ind clIllOy hm"l~ ••'. dol~mrl't hm'llaOel
S.""
[
dt MUSrAHIi
,"k"",
""'."J~
./ r,,~uJt ,,1e"fF' d%miMWI'
M.," mS"m f~'m."o" gyp,"m,m..I•. dll. rlol.m't... tllhl"
rWIIltlOn
Kimmeridgian
Portlandian
Kimméridgien
Portlandien
'YP~USf ,n"nt:'fJI":'YP~"
mJ,,.....~IItS. dDlo"'''', ""kt.,
neRI DAHAR """U· litllogllphic lim..tonO$. mlll" m"lvlim..rones. gvp."m
Si",. dt KEBRI·OAIIAR:<lk"tn kI/Mf'IfI/liq., ",m"..
<.1<.,,.. m""'U'.
111""
Geologital tOntact line
Conrour géologique
/
Fault
Faille
Untertain fault
Fame !lypothétique
N
x
x
Axis of svntline
Axede synelin,l
A~is
Dt anticline
Axe d'anticlinal
SIIike and dip
Direction er pendage
Scale
Planimetrie map based 011 the provisional sketches
at approximately 1:100000 and using the map at
1-500000 established by the WAR OFFICE (EAST
AFRICA .1946)
Drafted in 1969 by the NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES
COMMISSION WABI SHEBELlE SURVEY.
Fond planmu!trique elabli dapres les esquisses provIsoires
au 1: 100000 environ appuyees sur la carte au 1:500000
du WAR OFFICE EAST AFRICA (1946).
Execute en 1969 au NATIONAL WArER RESOURCES
COMMISSION _ ETUDE DU WAHt' SHEBELLE.
INDEX SHEET
2
OlHiUN
4
4
o
J
7
o
10
5
5
10
15
15 Miles
20 Km.
5
GODE
,
GODfRE
6
Town. important village. administrative center
Ville.
vi~/age
important, cenlre administratif
Small village
Petit village
.,..
o
This map has been established by D. BAUDUIN.
with the collaboration of G. RICHE, J.C. JUlLiEN
{ORSTOM scientistsL Abere WAKJIRE and
Tewolde SOlOMON; G. CASTANY (BRGM) acting
as a consultant.
Documents and sources :
Documents et informations:
Reports trom.
Rapports de:
Cette carre {l ~t~ dressée par D. BAUDUIN. {lvec
la collaboration de G. RICHE. J.-c. JULL/EN (chercheurs ORSTOMI. Abere WAKJIRE et Tewolde
SOLOMON; G. CASTANY (BRGM) étant consultall/.
P. MOHR. Geologia of Ethiopia DANIElLi Geologia dell' Africa Orientale
Ethiopian Ministry of mines and Water Resources Department
Secondary trail
Piste secondaire
Foot trail, trail
Piste a pied, sentier
Limit of study zone
Limite de lëtude
Permanent river
Rivière permanente
Temporary river. thalweg. f10w trace
Rivière temporaire. thalweg. trace d'ecoulement
Lake, water plane
Main road or trail
Roule ou piste principale
KEBRj·OAHAR
Dugwell
Puits lure
,
3
3
Puits creuse
Orilledwell
4
Km 5
IMI
o
MS
,250.000
Lac plan d'eau
Important hill summit
-----
---
Sommet important
Small isolated hill summit
Petit sommet isolé
CliffJrocky escarpment, plateau boundary
Falaise. escarpement rocheux, limite de plateau
~--<::
------