Pengelolaan sampah menurut UU Sampah 2008

EPR IN INDONESIA: PLANS AND CURRENT CHALLENGES
APRSCP CONFERENCE
YOGYAKARTA 11 NOVEMBER 2011
MASNELLYARTI HILMAN
DEPUTY MINISTER FOR HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, HAZARDOUS WASTE, AND
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT
REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
WHAT ARE OUR CURRENT
STATES OF SOLID WASTE
MANAGEMENT?
WHAT ARE THE
PROBLEMS?
MENTAL BLOCKS IN OUR SOCIETY:
• WASTE GENERATOR BUT WE DON’T
TAKE ANY RESPONSIBILITIES
• WASTE ISN’T MY BUSINESS, IT’S
GOVERNMENT’S BUSINESS
• WASTE HAS NO VALUES, WE JUST
DUMP IT
LESS COMMITMENTS FROM STAKEHOLDERS:
• A CLEAR FRAMEWORK OF ROLE & RESPONSIBILITY
HASN’T YET DEFINED
GOVERNMENT’S BUDGET IS VERY
LIMITED:
• 70-80% IS SPENT FOR ROUTINE ACTIVITIES
THE PARADIGM OF WASTE
MANAGEMENT HASN’T CHANGED YET
• DUMPING VS 3R’s
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WHY SHOULD CHANGE?
WE NEED TRANSFORMATION
COMBINATION OF
3R’s & END OP PIPE
APPROACH
END OF PIPE
APPROACH
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
ONE-WAY ECONOMY
UNLIMITED RESOURCES EXTRACTION
NO RESOURCES & ENERGY EFFICIENCY
NO WASTE REDUCTION
LANDFILL ORIENTED SOLUTION
HIGH ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
HIGH GHG EMISSION
UNSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PRACTICE
• CIRCULAR ECONOMY
• CONTROLLED RESOURCES EXTRACTION
• RESOURCES & ENERGY EFFICIENCY
• INCREASE WASTE REDUCTION &
DIVERTION
• REDUCE POLLUTANT LOAD
• MITIGATE GHG EMISSION
• ENERGY RECOVERY DEVELOPMENT
• SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PRACTICE
WE SHOULD TRANSFORM OUR WASTE POLICY & MANAGEMENT
AVOIDANCE
AVOIDANCE
MINIMISATION
MINIMISATION
REUSE
REUSE
RECYCLE
RECYCKE
ENERGY RECOVERY
LANDFILL
ENERGY RECOVERY
LANDFILL
WASTE HIERARCHY
POLICY
TRANSFORMATION
FOCUS ON 3R’s
PROMOTION &
IMPLEMENTATION
EPR POLICY POSITION
EPR POLICY IMPLEMENTATION TRHOUGH:
• DESIGN FOR ENVIRONMENT OF PRODUCT &
PACKAGING
• SHARE RESPONSIBIITY BETWEEN
GOVERNMENT AND BUSINESS SECTOR
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EXAMPLES OF EPR IMPLEMENTATION BY DOING
GREEN BUSINESS
EXAMPLES OF EPR IMPLEMENTATION BY DOING
GREEN BUSINESS
3
EPR INITIATIVES BY INDONESIA BUSINESS SECTOR
SOME RETAILER COMPANY START WITH:
• PROVIDE REUSEABLE SHOPPING BAG
• REPLACEMENT PLASTIC BAG WITH USED
CARDBOARD
• PROVIDE DEGRADABLE PLASTIC BAG
• APPLY FEE FOR PLASTIC BAG
SOME MANUFACTURES START WITH:
• IMPLEMENT VOLUNTARY TAKE-BACK
PROGRAMME
• IMPLEMENT DESIGN FOR ENVIRONMENT
(DfE) PROGRAMME
MANDATE ON EPR IMPLEMENTATION BASED ON REGULATION
Cummunity
Government
Business
Practice 3R’s at household
and community scale and
collect and put the waste
back that stipulate on EPR
mechanism
Set
up
EPR
regulation,
mechanism, and guideline
Implement EPR
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PRUDUCER’S RESPONSIBILITY ON WASTE MANAGEMENT
LAW 18 YEAR 2008 ARTICLE 14:
Producer should put the label on their product and
packaging.
LAW 18 YEAR 2008 ARTICLE 15:
Producer should be responsible for managing waste that
come from their undegradable product and packaging.
Peoduce product with packaging that naturally biodegradable
and generate as small as as waste
Use material for their product/packaging that can be recycled
and take back the waste that generate from their
product/packging for recycling
Use material for their product/packaging that can be reused
and take back the waste that generate from their
prodcut/packaging for reusing
EPR PLANS IN INDONESIA
IMPLEMENTATION PHASE
LEGAL
FRAMEWORK
IMPLEMENTATION
FRAMEWORK
MECHANISM &
GUIDELINE
• VOLUNTARY VS MANDATORY (INDONESIAN
CASE IS MANDATORY)
• SET UP BASIC LAW
• SET UP GOVERNMENT REGULATION
• SET UP MINISTERIAL REGULATION
• TRANSITION PERIOD
• BUILD STAKEHOLDERS COMMITMENT
• STEP BY STEP BASED ON TIMEFRAME, TARGET
PRODUCER/PRODUCT, SPATIAL ARRANGEMENT, ETC.
• DEFINE TYPE OF EPR: COLLECTIVE EPR OR
INDIVIDUAL EPR
• ESTABLISH EPR IMPLEMENTATION WORKING
GROUP
DISCUSS, FORMULATE, AND MAKE AGREEMENT
IN WORKING GROUP
START
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SOME EXAMPLES OF EPR IMPLEMENTATION
TYPE OF EPR
Product take-back programs
Procurement/consumer programs
Regulatory approaches
Voluntary industry practices
Economic instruments
EXAMPLES




Mandatory take-back;
Voluntary or negotiated take-back programs.
Procurement guidelines and policies;
Information disclosure programs

Disposal bans;




Mandated recycling
Voluntary codes of practice;
Public/private partnerships;
Leasing and "servicing" (in which companies lease their products or provide
services, thereby retaining ownership of the product).





Special taxes;
Product charges;
Advance disposal fees;
Deposit/refund schemes;
Subsidies and tax credits for the production and use of environmentally
preferable products.
EPR CHALLENGES IN INDONESIA
Implemenation of EPR policy and regulation in Indonesia
needs great efforts since we face some challenges including:
(1) opposing from industrial sector;
(2) clarifying appropriate EPR scheme;
(3) identifying priority product and packaging;
(4) how to set up phase of implementation;
(5) how to integrate incentive and disincentive scheme into
EPR mechanism;
(6) how to involve local government and informal sector into
EPR
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Indonesia INITIATIVE :
EPR SCHEME FOR
ELECTRONIC WASTE
MAANGEMENT
Indonesia Regulations for Electronic
Waste
 Presidential Decree No.61 year 1993 : Basel Convention Ratification

Annex VIII, Waste Code No. A1180 : Electronic Waste is categorized as Hazardous Waste
 Presidential Regulation No. 47 year 2005 : Ban Ammendement
Ratification
 Law No.32 year 2009 : Environmental Protection and Management
 Article 59: Everyone who producing hazardous waste shall manage its hazardous waste
 Article 69, point (1).d :Everyone is prohibited to import hazardous waste into Republic
Indonesia territory
 Government Regulation No.18 jo No.85 year 1999 : Hazardous
Waste Management
 Law No. 18 year 2008U: Solid Waste Management
 Article 29, point (1).a&b : Everyone is prohibited to impor solid waste into
Republic Indonesia territory
 Article 29, point (1).c : Everyone is prohibited to mix solid waste with
hazardous waste
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Definition for Electronic Waste under Government Regulation
No.18 jo No.85 year 1999:
– Stated in Annex I, Table 2, Waste Code No. D219 “Electronic
Component/Electronic Equipment”: Electronic Waste is clasify as
Hazardous Waste from Spesific Sources
– Source of Pollution : Manufacturing activity and Waste Water
Management
– Waste detailed : sludge from procesing activity; coated glass;
used solvent; solder residue (PCB, IC, kabel); plasticcasing; and
waste from painting activity
BACKGROUND VIEWS OF
MINISTRIAL REGULATION FOR
ELECTRONIC WASTE MANAGEMENT
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TUJUAN
Background
1.
To prevent risk of damage to human health and the
environment caused by electronic waste generation;
2.
To prevent Indonesia becoming dumping country for
electronic waste coming from outside Indonesia
territory;
3.
To inventarize and to manage electronic waste
properly by prioritizise effectice management
What
kind
of issues
MATERI
YANG
DIATURwill be regulated?
1). Definition of Electronic Waste
2). Scope of management : source of e-waste; type of e-waste
3). EPR Scheme
4). Cooperation mechanism (Partnership) among :
Producer/Recondition Industry/Retailer/Distributor Transporter - Collector-Disposer
5). Collctors requirements – Local Government Involvement
6). Electronic Waste Management linkage with Hazardous
Waste Management
7). Compensation mechanism
8). Monitoring system
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Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)
Who will get involved ?
(1). Producers :
 Responsible to monitor the distributon of their product and to manage the used
product
 Managing waste from production
 Responsible to produce environemntally sound management products
(2). Consumer + Distributor
 Have to sortir their wastes
 Bring electronic waste to collectors which already have permit
(3). Collectors
 Having partnership with producer and local government  in providing
collection facility
 Supporting incentive mechanism implementation
(4). Recondition Indsutry
 Produce refurbish product by fullfiiling the standard needed
 Responsible to manage their waste from production activity
(5). 3R Facility
- Need to have permit from Minstry of Environemnt in treating electronic waste
Pengelolaan limbah elektronik dan barang modal
bukan baru untuk mekanisme impor
Electronic as second hand goods
Electronic Product
Some requirements are needed (will be under
Ministry of Trade Regulation specify for Used
Computer )
(1). Could still be used : fuction as it is when
being checking exportir country
(2). No more than 5 years after production
(3). Should be LCD monitor and new version
of computer
Elektronic Waste
Prohibited
Importation
Indonesia Territory
Importir Requirements : as being
regulated by Ministry of Trade
Regulation
Importir:
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Indonesia Territory
EPR SCHEME : FOR ELECTRONIC WASTE MANAGEMENT NATIONALLY
Take back system
Producer
(and
importir)
Intermediate
Collector
Source of Waste: from
processing/reject/off spec
product
Distributor
Transportation
Transportation System
Product
Incentive
Mechaism
Collectors
Transportation
Source of Waste
reject/off spec
product
Retailer
Consumer/
User
Source of Waste : Electronic equipment
being dumped from Household,
commercial activity, services activity
(Office, hospital, school)
Recovery Facility/
Final Disposal
Product Flow
Waste Flow
Management/
Take Back Flow
LingkuEp Pengaturan didalam Permen Pengelolaan Limbah Elektronik
A. Importation Activity :
Electronic Product sas Secondhand Goods will be regulated by Ministry of Trade
Regulatiion
B. EPR scheme in Indonesia
Sources of Electronic Wastes :
(1). Indutrtial rejected/offs-spec productsS
(2) Household Waste , Commercial, Service activities will be specify under Solid Waste Regulation 
started from collector will be treated as Hazardous Waste
(3). Retailer
(4). Recondition Industry
Flow of EPR Scheme:
(1). Electronic Waste will be transported to intermediate collector/collector
(2). From Collector, electronic waste will be transported to producer or 3R Facility or Disposer under
producer responsibility
(3). Take back system could be applied at the collector steps  requirements as intermediate
collector/collector will be regulated under Minsitry of Environemnt regulation
(4). Monitoring of take back sytem and collectors facility will be under local governemnt responsibility
C. Waste from electronic waste manufacture /production /recondition indsutry should be
treated under hazardous waste regulation
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Recommendations
1. Needs to have a same perspectives of e-waste definistion, e-waste
impacts among stakeholder (Government, Local Government, Public,
and Indsutry) to find the best solution in handling it
2. Needs to do Cost Benefit Analysis
3. Needs to have technically guidance and regulation for electronic waste
management
4. Needs to have strategy in encouraging everyone awareness to implement
EPR system
5. Needs to do more comprehensive invetarisation activity  needs more
socialisation strategy
6. Needs to establish a good data base system to know:
• Electronic Waste volumes based on its souces and types
• List of Electronic Producer, Recondition Industry, and 3R
Facility
7. Standarization for Refurbish Product
8. Need to establish monitoring system
What you can do
Support companies that make
clean products.
Before buying, think twice
about whether you really need
a new device.
Return your equipment to the
manufacturer
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TERIMA KASIH
THANK YOU
C Building, 2nd Floor
Jl. D.I.Panjaitan Kav.24
Kebon Nanas, Jakarta 13410
Tel: +62-21-85904673
Website: http://menlh.go.id
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