fapronatura 2006 - Biblioteca Virtual en Salud de Cuba

Transcription

Sociedad Cubana de Farmacología /
Cuban Society of Pharmacology
Boletín Latinoamericano y Caribeño de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas (BLACPMA) /
Latin-American and Caribbean Bulletin of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants (BLACPMA)
Primeros Simposios Internacionales sobre Farmacología
de Productos Naturales y BLACPMA /
First International Symposia about Pharmacology
of Natural Products and BLACPMA
FAPRONATURA 2006
“La Naturaleza al Servicio de la Salud” /
“The Nature to the Service of the Health”
RESÚMENES /
ABSTRACTS
Hotel Club Amigo Varadero, Cuba
November 20-24, 2006
http://www.scf.sld.cu/natprod/portada.htm
FAPRONATURA 2006
Varadero, Cuba. November 20-24, 2006
Revista Cubana de Farmacia vol. 40 (Suplemento Especial):ii, 2006
Edición, diseño y realización:
Dr. Gabino Garrido Garrido
Dr. René Delgado Hernández
Consejo Científico Editorial:
Dr. René Delgado Hernández.
.
© Sociedad Cubana de Farmacología.
© Revista Cubana de Farmacia
© Sobre la presente edición: Editorial Ciencias Médicas, noviembre, 2006.
ISSN 0034-7515
Impresión:
Taller de imprenta del Buró de Eventos del Ministerio de Salud Pública,
Calle 2, No. 352 entre 15 y 17, Vedado, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba.
Teléfono: 830 5252 extensión 231.
N.E.: Todos los derechos reservados. Esta revista (o cualesquiera de sus partes) no puede ser copiada, reproducida, almacenada,
grabada o trasmitida por ningún medio electrónico, mecánico u otros, sin permiso previo escrito de los patrocinadores.
La información en todas las partes del libro ha sido reproducida tal y como fue aportada por sus autores respectivos.
ii
FAPRONATURA 2006
Revista Cubana de Farmacia vol. 40 (Suplemento Especial):iii, 2006
Presidente de Honor / Honor President
Dr. José R. Balaguer Cabrera
Dra. Concepción Campa Huerga
Comité Organizador / Organizer Committee
Dra. Diadelis Remírez Figueredo
Ing. Cristina Lara Bastanzuri
Dra. María A. Marrero Migaraya
Dra. Olga Castañeda Pasarón
Dra. Giset Jiménez López
M.C. Miguel D. Fernández Pérez
Lic. Mirtha Llanio Villate
Dra. Mariela Guevara García
Dra. Milagros Garcia Mesa
Dr. Ulises Jáuregui Haza
Comité Científico / Scientific Committee
Dra. Idania Rodeiro Guerra
Lic. Dagmar García Rivera
Lic. Gilberto Pardo Andreu
Dra. Alina Alvarez León
Lic. Yeny Lemus Molina
Dr. Octavio Fernández Limia
Dr. Ricardo González Álvarez
Dra. Zullyt Zamora Rodríguez
Dr. Nelson de J. Merino García
Comité Científico Asesor / Scientific Advisory Committee
Prof. Elizabeth M. Williamson
Prof. Michael Heinrich
Dr. José L. Martínez
Dr. José M. Prieto
Prof. Evangelina Marrero Faz
Prof. Roberto Menéndez Soto del Valle
Prof. Carla Delporte Vergara
Comité de Aseguramiento / Assurance Committee
Lic. Gledys Reinaldo Fernández
Téc. María C. Serviat Betancourt
Yilian Luque Martínez
Investigadores, especialistas y técnicos,
Laboratorio de Farmacología, CQF
iii
FAPRONATURA 2006
Revista Cubana de Farmacia vol. 40 (Suplemento Especial):iv, 2006
Patrocinadores / Sponsors
Ministerio de Salud Pública
Ministerio de la Industria Básica
Consejo Nacional de Sociedades Científicas de la Salud
Sociedad Cubana de Farmacología
Centro de Química Farmacéutica
Centro para el Desarrollo de la Farmacoepidemiología
Centro Nacional Coordinador de Ensayos Clínicos
Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria
Centro de Investigaciones y Desarrollo de Medicamentos
Instituto de Farmacia y Alimentos
Instituto de Vacunas Finlay
Empresa QUIMEFA
Boletín Latinoamericano y Caribeño de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas (BLACPMA)
Laboratorios Farmacéuticos y Empresas Extranjeras
Pharmaceutical Laboratories and Foreingner Companies
AMPELOS, BAYER CONSUMER CARE LTD, NOVARTIS,
BAYER, GAUTIER-BAGÓ, ASTRA–ZENECA
SEPPIM-INNOTECH, MEDICARIBE, MERZ, SERVIER
Artel Servizi S.R.L.
Los Portales s.a.
ING Bank
Papas & Co.
iv
FAPRONATURA 2006
Revista Cubana de Farmacia vol. 40 (Suplemento Especial):v, 2006
PRÓLOGO
La Sociedad Cubana de Farmacología convoca a sus asociados y profesionales relacionados con el quehacer
de las ciencias farmacológicas en todo el país y a nivel internacional a la celebración de los Primeros Simposios
Internacionales sobre Farmacología de los Productos Naturales y del Boletín Latinoamericano y Caribeño de
Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas (BLACPMA).
Estos Primeros Simposios constituyen una oportunidad excepcional para profundizar en el conocimiento,
fortalecer el intercambio científico y la colaboración entre profesionales que desarrollan su actividad diaria en el
campo de las ciencias farmacológicas y otras disciplinas relacionadas, en función de los productos naturales.
Constituye, además, un escenario especial para realizar el primer encuentro de un grupo de profesionales
latinoamericanos y de otros países del mundo, que tuvieron la hermosa iniciativa de crear un Boletín informativo
latinoamericano especializado en Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas. Este es un ejemplo de cuánto se puede
lograr en este campo de las ciencias cuando se trabaja con voluntad y máxima dedicación a una obra científica
de importancia para el desarrollo de nuestros pueblos y sus culturas.
Alrededor de 100 investigadores cubanos, provenientes de universidades, facultades de ciencias médicas,
institutos de investigación, centros asistenciales, hospitales y farmacias comunitarias participan en este evento.
Esto representa un salto cualitativo para la Sociedad Cubana de Farmacología, al tratarse de un foro
enmarcado en una temática tan específica, la farmacologIa de los productos naturales. Todo ello pone de
manifiesto la importancia de la realización de estas actividades científicas como parte de las estrategias que se
desarrollan en el país para llevar a cabo la integración, colaboración y actualización científica de los
profesionales que trabajan en este importante campo de las investigaciones farmacológicas.
Es necesario destacar la participación de más de 100 personalidades científicas de Alemania, Argentina,
Austria, Bélgica, Brasil, Bulgaria, Camerún, Canadá, Chile, China, Colombia, Croacia, Ecuador, Egipto, España,
Eslovaquia, Eslovenia, Estados Unidos, Finlandia, India, Irán, Italia, Malasia, México, Nigeria, Pakistán, Perú,
Polonia, Portugal, Rusia, Reino Unido, Serbia-Montenegro, República de Sudáfrica, Suiza, Tailandia, Turquía y
Venezuela, quienes con su presencia en nuestro país, la calidad de los trabajos enviados y sus continuos
mensajes de apoyo y solidaridad hacia nuestros científicos, nuestro pueblo y en particular a la labor
organizativa de este Foro, ya dejan una huella imborrable para la historia de estos eventos científicos.
Los más de 200 trabajos entre conferencias, comunicaciones orales, simposios, y presentaciones en carteles;
así como el debate, el análisis e intercambio recíproco darán relieve a esta actividad. También, ellos permitirán
trasladar a las instituciones de los participantes en más de 30 países, los conocimientos adquiridos, la
necesidad de continuar en la búsqueda de nuevas soluciones y el necesario incremento del papel de los
especialistas en farmacología y ciencias afines en el desarrollo de nuevos fármacos a partir de los productos
naturales.
Bienvenidos todos al inigualable escenario de estos Simposios, la playa más hermosa de Cuba, Varadero.
Estamos convencidos que este encuentro permitirá crear nuevas perspectivas para el trabajo futuro y
consolidará aun más la actividad científica de todos los participantes aquí reunidos.
Muchas gracias a todos por su participación.
Comité Organizador
FAPRONATURA 2006
v
FAPRONATURA 2006
Revista Cubana de Farmacia vol. 40 (Suplemento Especial):vi, 2006
PREFACE
The Cuban Society of Pharmacology calls its associates and professionals related with the pharmacological
sciences’ work at international level to the celebration of the First International Symposia about Pharmacology of
the Natural Products and the Latin American and Caribbean Bulletin of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
(BLACPMA).
These First Symposia constitute an exceptional opportunity to deepen in the knowledge, to strengthen the
scientific exchange and the collaboration among professionals that develop their daily activity in the field of the
pharmacological sciences and other related disciplines, in function of the natural products. It also constitutes a
special scenario to carry out the first meeting of a group of professionals from Latin American and other
countries that had the magnificent initiative of creating a Latin American informative Bulletin specialized in
Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. This is an example of how much it can achieve in this field of the sciences with
maximal dedication to an important scientific work for the development of our peoples and their cultures.
Around 100 Cuban researchers, coming from universities, faculty of medical sciences, investigation institutes,
assistance centers, hospitals and community pharmacies participate in this event. This represents a qualitative
jump for the Cuban Society of Pharmacology, when being a forum framed in a so specific thematic, the
pharmacology of natural products. All of this shows the importance to the realization of these scientific activities
as part of the strategies that are developed in the country to carry out the integration, collaboration and the
professionals' scientific update those that work on this important field of the pharmacological investigations.
It is necessary to highlight the participation of more than 100 scientific personalities from Argentina, Austria,
Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Croatia, Ecuador, Egypt, Finland,
Germany, India, Iran, Italy, Malaysia, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Republic of South
Africa, Russia, Serbian-Montenegro, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, United States,
United Kingdom and Venezuela, who with their presence in our country, the quality of the sent works and their
continuous support messages and solidarity toward our scientists, our people and, in particular, to the
organizational work of this Forum, already leave an indelible print for the history of these scientific events.
More than 200 works among conferences, oral communications, symposia, and presentations in posters; as well
as the debate, the analysis and reciprocal exchange will give relief to this activity. They also will allow
transferring to the participant’s institutions in more than 30 countries the acquired knowledge, the need to
continue in the search of new solutions and the necessary increment of the specialist’s paper in pharmacology
and other sciences in the development of new medicines starting from the natural products.
Welcome to everybody to the wonderful scenario of these Symposia, the most beautiful beach in Cuba,
Varadero. We are convinced that this meeting will allow creating new perspectives for the future work and it will
consolidate even more the scientific activity of all the participants here congregated.
Thank you to all for your participation.
Organizing Committee
FAPRONATURA 2006
vi
FAPRONATURA 2006
Revista Cubana de Farmacia vol. 40 (Suplemento Especial):1, 2006
INDICE
PROGRAMA / PROGRAM
12
RESÚMENES / ABSTRACTS
33
CONFERENCIAS PLENARIAS O CONFERENCIAS / PLENARY LECTURES OR LECTURES
LUNES, 20 DE NOVIEMBRE / MONDAY, NOVEMBER 20
PL01
Heinrich M. ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY AND THE SEARCH FOR NOVEL MEDICINES / HEALTH FOODS. ARE WE
BARKING UP THE RIGHT TREE?
33
PL02
Cabrera N. THE CUBAN PROGRAM OF NATURAL MEDICINE. THE ROLE OF PHARMACOLOGY AND ITS IMPACT IN
NATIONAL SYSTEM OF PUBLIC HEATH.
34
PL03
Saura Calixto FD, Goñi I, Serrano J, Pérez–Jiménez J, Tabernero M, Arranz S & Díaz-Rubio ME. ANTIOXIDANT
DIETARY FIBERS: A POTENTIAL TOOL FOR PREVENTION OF OXIDATIVE STRESS ASSOCIATED DISEASE.
34
PL04
Williamson EM. INTERACTIONS BETWEEN HERBAL MEDICINES AND PRESCRIPTION DRUGS.
35
MARTES, 21 DE NOVIEMBRE / TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 21
L01
Raza M. ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY OF DISEASE PREVENTION FROM ANCIENT ISLAMIC TEXTS.
35
L02
Buenz E. DRUG DISCOVERY THROUGH HISTORIC HERBAL TEXTS.
36
L03
Chattopadhyay D. ROLE AND SCOPE OF ETHNOMEDICINAL PLANTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIVIRALS.
36
L04
Gabriel A. Agbor, Joe A Vinson, Julius E. Oben, Jeanne Y Ngogang. In vitro ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THREE PIPER
SPECIES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY.
36
L05
Garrido G, Delgado R, García D, Pardo GL, Martínez G, Hernández P, Rodeiro I, Hernandez I, Guevara M, Alvarez A ,
Riaño A, Merino N, Núñez AJ. PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIALITY OF NATURAL
EXTRACT OBTAIN FROM STEM BARK OF Mangifera indica L (VIMANG) AND ITS GLUCOSYLXANTHONE,
MANGIFERIN.
37
MIÉRCOLES, 22 DE NOVIEMBRE / WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 22
L06
Scholey AB, Kennedy DO, Zangara A, Robertson B, Reay J, Luedemann J, Maggini S, Brewster-Maund C, Ruf M.
POSITIVE EFFECTS OF A MULTIVITAMIN-GUARANÁ PREPARATION ON MENTAL PERFORMANCE AND MENTAL
FATIGUE DURING A SUSTAINED PERIOD OF MENTAL DEMAND.
38
L07
Saxby BK, Edgar CE, Edwards K, Wesnes KA. THE EFFECTS OF GALANTAMINE ON ATTENTION IN THE DEMENTIAS.
38
L08
Okello E, Perry E. PHYTO-THERAPEUTICAL APPROACHES TO ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE.
39
L09
Maggini S and Ruf M. THE ROLE OF VITAMINS AND MINERALS IN MENTAL PERFORMANCE.
39
JUEVES, 23 DE NOVIEMBRE / THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 23
L10
Espinosa J. CARIBBEAN MARINE BIODIVERSITY.
40
L11
Rodriguez A, Garateix A, Díaz M, Palmero A, Alejandre L, Cuquerella E PEPTIDES OBTAINED FROM MARINE
ORGANISMS USEFUL FOR BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH.
40
L12
Laguna A, Valdés O, Rodríguez A, Rodríguez M, Hernández Y, Regalado E, Cuquerella E, Alejandre L, Díaz M.
CHEMISTRY DIVERSITY OF COMPOUNDS OBTAINED FROM MARINE MACRO ORGANISMS.
40
L13
Llanio M, Fernández MD, Cabrera B, del Vallín T, Hernández I, Bermejo P, Abad MJ, Payá M, Alcaraz MJ. ANTIINFLAMMATORY, ANALGESIC AND ANTI-OXIDANT OBTAINED FROM MARINE SOURCE: REALITY AND FUTURE.
41
L14
Valdés-Iglesias O, Cabranes Y, Hernández Y, Aneiros A, Colom Y, Azcue M, Ruiz R, Respall M, Díaz C. EXTRACTS
FROM CARIBBEAN SEAWEEDS AS POTENTIAL ANTITUMOURALS.
41
L15
Garateix A, Aneiros A, Salceda E, García T, Ruenes K, Buznego MT, Menéndez R, Palmero A, Guzmán A, Valdés O,
Rodriguez A, Laguna A and Soto E. MARINE ORGANISMS AS SOURCES OF NEUROPHARMACOLOGICALLY ACTIVE
COMPOUNDS.
42
L16
Castañeda-Pasarón O, Rodríguez-Alfonso A, Pérez-Saad H, López-Sánchez T, Bermúdez-Díaz I. AGONIST LIGANDS OF
NEURAL NACHR IN LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT FRACTIONS FROM THE TENTACLES EXTRACT OF THE PELAGIC
COELENTERATE COLONY Physalia physalis.
42
L17
Ortiz E, Morales M, Núñez R, Miranda A, Fonseca E, Batista C, Cabranes Y, Caballero V, Paneque K, Martínez C, Díaz Y,
43
1
FAPRONATURA 2006
Pizarro R. COMPOUNDS WITH PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OBTAINED FROM MARINE MICRO-ORGANISMS.
L18
Núñez-Moreira R, Ortiz E, Oramas J, Fonseca E, Villaverde M, Bellota M, Riverón L, Martínez J, Garcia A, Barbán O,
Cabranes Y, Batista C, Miranda A, Paneque K, Díaz Y, Martínez C, Pizarro R. RESULTS OF THE BIOREMEDIATION
STUDIES DEVELOPED AT CEBIMAR AND ITS APPLICATIONS.
43
L19
Laguna A, Rodríguez M, Regalado E, Hernández Y, Rodríguez A, Valdés O, Alejandre L, Cuquerella E. COSMETICS
OBTAINED FROM THE SEA. A CUBAN EXPERIENCE.
43
VIERNES, 24 DE NOVIEMBRE / FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 24
Morón F. THE CUBAN PROGRAM OF MEDICINAL PLANTS OF THE MINISTRY OF HEATH. A REALITY AND A
CHALLENGE FOR THE GROWING DEVELOPMENT OF THE PHARMACOLOGY OF NATURAL PRODUCTS.
44
PL06
Marrero Faz E. PHYTOPHARMACEUTICALS: VETERINARY AND HUMAN NOVEL THERAPEUTIC TOOLS.
44
PL07
Dugoua JJ, Mills E, Perri D, Koren G. SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF COMMONLY USED HERBS, VITAMINS AND
SUPPLEMENTS DURING PREGNANCY AND LACTATION – AN EVIDENCE-BASED SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.
45
PL08
Prieto JM.CANNABIS: A TRADITIONAL HERBAL MEDICINE BACK INTO THE PHARMACY
45
PL09
Omar S. PRE-MARKET ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL HEALTH PRODUCTS IN CANADA.
45
PL10
Remirez D. REGULATORY STATUS OF HERBAL MEDICINES.
46
PL05
COMUNICACIONES ORALES / ORAL COMMUNICATIONS (CO)
CO01
Oršolić N, Benković V, Horvat-Knežević A, Kopjar N, and Ivan Bašić. EFFECT OF PROPOLIS AND ITS
POLYPHENOLIC/FLAVONOIDS COMPOUNDS ON DNA DAMAGE INDUCED BY RADIATION TO MOUSE
LYMPHOCYTES.
46
CO02
Nada Oršolić, Damir Štajcar, and Ivan Bašić. CYTOTOXICITY OF PROPOLIS AND ITS POLYPHENOLIC COMPOUNDS
ON PRIMARY CULTURE OF HUMAN URINARY BLADDER TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA.
47
CO03
Bermúdez I, Frómeta V and Suárez C. THERAPEUTICS EFFICACY OF THE ULCEPROL CREAM. RESULTS OF A
STUDY IN TWO HOSPITALS.
47
CO04
Amaral RRC, Rocha WMS, Abreu SRL, Santos VR. PERIODONTITIS TREATMENT WITH BRAZILIAN GREEN PROPOLIS
GEL.
48
CO05
Quincoces J, Rando DG, Augusto-Maria D, Galvonas M, Hamilton G, Estrada E, Carvalho J. PRODUCTOS NATURALES
EXISTENTES EN EL PROPOLEO BRASILEÑO Y SUS DERIVADOS SINTÉTICOS PRESENTAN PROPIEDADES
ANTITUMORALES.
48
CO06
Habib-Fouad K and Buck C. THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF Serenoa repens EXTRACT IN HUMAN PROSTATE.
49
CO07
Aznar-García E, González HR, González M, Díaz BY, Barquié M, González M, Moroño M, Carrasco M and Leyva B.
TREATMENT OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA IN DIFFERENT POBLATIONAL GROUP. EFFICACY OF TWO
PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS OF NATURAL IRON (TROFIN & NEOTROFIN).
49
CO08
Fernández Limia O, de Armas E, Sarracent Y and Dalla G. CLINICAL TRIALS ON THE EFFICACY OF AN EXTRACT OF
Rhizophora mangle, L. BARK EXTRACT IN SKIN AND MUCOSA WOUNDS HEALING.
50
CO09
Barrett B. ECHINACEA AND GINSENG FOR IMMUNE ENHANCEMENT AND PREVENTION OF RESPIRATORY
INFECTION.
50
CO10
Badria-Farid A and Said S. BOSWELLIA-GLYCYRRHIZIN-CURCUMIN PREPARATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC
HEPATITIS C: A DOUBLE-BLIND, RANDOMIZED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED PHASE I/II TRIAL.
51
CO11
García D, Garrido G, Delgado R, Muñoz E, Leiro JM. MODULATION OF NF-κB PATHWAY BY Mangifera indica L.
EXTRACT (VIMANG®) AS THE MOLECULAR MECHANISM RESPONSIBLE OF ITS IMMUNOLOGICAL AND ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES.
52
CO12
Hernandez P, Rodriguez PC, Delgado R, Walczak H. Mangifera indica L. EXTRACT MODULATES TCR-INDUCED NF- κB
SIGNALLING IN HUMAN T LYMPHOCYTES.
52
CO13
Lemus-Molina Y, Sánchez MV, Delgado R, Matute C. Mangifera indica L. EXTRACT (VIMANG) AND MANGIFERIN
REDUCE NEURONAL LOSS AND OXIDATIVE DAMAGE AFTER EXCITOTOXIC INSULTS.
53
CO14
Delgado R, Rodríguez J, Herrera B, Rojas A, Beltran A, Sordo L, Nuevas L, Garrido G, Núñez A. ANTI-ANGIOGENIC
ACTIVITY OF Mangifera indica L. STEM BARK EXTRACT AND ITS GLUCOSYL XANTHONE MANGIFERIN.
53
CO15
Pardo-Andreu GL, Cavalheiro RA, Naal Z, Delgado R, Vercesi AE, Curti C. FE(III) SHIFTS THE MITOCHONDRIA
PERMEABILITY TRANSITION-ELICITING CAPACITY OF MANGIFERIN TO ORGANELLE’S PROTECTION. A
POTENTIAL PROTECTIVE MECHANISM TOWARDS PROOXIDANT ACTION OF CATECHOL-CONTAINING
54
2
FAPRONATURA 2006
ANTIOXIDANTS.
CO16
Guevara M, Álvarez A, Riaño A, Pardo G, Reynaldo G, Garrido G, Delgado R. RESULTS OF RESEARH WITH AN
EXTRACT OF Mangifera indica L. (VIMANG®): FROM ETHNOMEDICINE TO CLINICAL TRIALS.
54
CO17
Castro R, Suárez A, González R, Tillán J, Díaz A, Domínguez MT, Vizoso F. PLANT MEDICINAL: COMPILATION OF
CUBAN AUTHORS SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES.
55
CO18
Mo ZX, Xu DD, Yung KKL. EFFECTS OF RHYNCHOPHYLLINE ON RAT CORTICAL NEURONS STRESSED BY
METHAMPHETAMINE.
55
CO19
Aziz Z, Latiff A Aishah. THE DISCRIMINATIVE STIMULUS PROPERTIES OF Mitragyna speciosa EXTRACT IN RATS.
56
CO20
Wasilewski BW. BEHAVIOURAL AND THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF Ignatia amara CONTAINING COMPLEX
HOMEOPATHIC REMEDIES.
56
CO21
Blanco-Hidalgo O. SURFACEN AND SP-A: PRECLINICAL RESEARCH IN RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME.
57
CO22
El Mabrouk M, Ahmad R, Sylvester J and Zafarullah M. CURCUMIN, NORDIHYDRGUIARETIC ACID, QUERCETIN AND
RESVERATROL INHIBIT INTERLEUKIN-1-INDUCED ADAMTS-4 (AGGRECANASE-1) GENE EXPRESSION BY IN
ARTICULAR CHONDROCYTES: NATURAL PRODUCTS AS POTENTIAL ANTI-ARTHRITIC AGENTS.
57
CO23
De Bosscher K, Vanden Berghe W, Beck I, Van Molle W, Hennuyer, Hapgood J, Libert C, Staels B, Louw A and Haegeman
G. A NOVEL, FULLY DISSOCIATED COMPOUND OF PLANT ORIGIN FOR INFLAMMATORY GENE REPRESSION.
58
CO24
Popov SV, Ovodova RG, Golovchenko VV, Koval OA, Markov PA, Nikitina IR, Popova GYu and Ovodov YuS. ISOLATION,
CHARACTERIZATION AND IMMUNOMODULATING EFFECT OF PECTIC POLYSACCHARIDES.
58
CO25
Virtbauer J, Krenn L, Kählig HP, Hüfner A, Marian B. CHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF
Metaxya rostrata.
59
CO26
Pokorski M. ASCORBATE AND HYPOXIC RESPIRATORY REACTIVITY.
59
CO27
Toshkova R, Stefanova Ts, Nikolova N, Serkedjieva J. A PLANT POLYPHENOL EXTRACT AMELIORATES THE
DISFUNCTIONS OF ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES IN INFLUENZA VIRUS-INFECTED MICE.
60
CO28
Zamora Z, Guanche D, González R, Hernández F, Alonso Y and Schulz S. OZONE OXIDATIVE PRECONDITIONING
REDUCES MULTIORGAN DAMAGE AND STIMULATES ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM IN PERITONEAL SEPSIS INDUCED IN
RATS.
60
CO29
Rao-Zahid A, Iqbal Z, Akhtar MS, Khan MN, Jabbar A, Sandhu Zia-U-din. ANTICOCCIDIAL SCREENING OF Azadirachta
indica (NEEM) IN BROILERS.
61
CO30
Manan-Mat JA. COMMERCIALIZATION OF HARUAN Channa striatus BIOMEDICAL PRODUCTS.
61
CO31
Martínez JL, Medina ME, Garrido G, Arenas P, Prieto JM. HISTORY OF LATIN-AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN BULLETIN
OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS (BLACPMA).
62
CO32
García Mesa M. NATURAL ANTIPLATELET AGENTS.
62
CO33
Costa D, Monteiro MC, Gonçalves MJ, Almeida-Dias A and Dias ACP. EVALUATION OF PLATELET ANTIAGGREGANT
EFFECT OF Hypericum perforatum EXTRACTS AND ISOLATED COMPOUNDS.
63
CO34
Simonen P, Gylling H, Miettinen-Tatu A. SERUM SQUALENE AND NON-CHOLESTEROL STEROLS RELATED TO
CHOLESTEROL SYNTHESIS AND ABSORPTION IN TYPE 2 DIABETES.
63
CO35
Pechánová O, Bernátová I, Babál, P, Martínez MC, Cacányiová S, Stvrtina S, Andriantsitohaina R. RED WINE 64
POLYPHENOLS PREVENT CARDIOVASCULAR ALTERATIONS IN EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION: MOLECULAR
MECHANISM.
CO36
Kartal-Özer N. VITAMIN E PREVENTS FOAM CELL FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS.
64
CO37
TOXIMED. PRESENTATION OF CENTER OF TOXICOLOGICAL AND BIOMEDICAL INVESTIGATION OF SANTIAGO DE
CUBA. DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES IN THE INVESTIGATIONS WITH NATURAL PRODUCTS.
65
CO38
Elsässer-Beile U, Bühler P, Wetterauer U, Rostock M, and Bartsch H. IMMUNOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF AN Echinacea
purpurea EXTRACT IN PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER.
65
CO39
Fouche G, Khorombi E, Kolesnikova N, Maharaj VJ, Nthambeleni R and van der Merwe M. INVESTIGATION OF SOUTH
AFRICAN PLANTS FOR ANTI-CANCER PROPERTIES.
65
CO40
Bühler P, Leiber C, Wetterauer U, Elsässer-Beile U. INTRAVESICAL MISTLETOE EXTRACT FOR ADJUVANT
TREATMENT OF SUPERFICIAL URINARY BLADDER CANCER.
66
3
FAPRONATURA 2006
CO41
Báez R, Hernández M, Vásquez A. ANTITUMORAL AND ANTIMETASTATIC EVALUATION OF THE BROMELINA
OBTAINED FROM STEMS OF PINEAPPLE (Ananas comosus (L) MERRILL).
67
CO42
RM Yu, LY Song, SF Ren, Y Zhao. ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CYTOTOXIC POLYPEPTIDES FROM
MARINE ORGANISM GYRM-12s.
67
CO43
Villasmil J, Abad MJ, Arsenak M, Michelangeli F, Fernández A, Ruiz MC, Williams B, Herrera F, Taylor P. CYTOTOXIC
AND ANTITUMOUR ACTIVITIES OF VENEZUELAN PLANT EXTRACTS in vitro AND in vivo.
68
CO44
Firenzuoli F, Gori L, Cinotti S. Cimicifuga racemosa radix HEPATIC SAFETY.
68
CO45
Bauer B. HERBS AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS AND HOW THEY ARE USED IN THE US. APPLICATIONS FOR
ARTHRITIS, DEPRESSION, AND DRUG-HERB INTERACTIONS.
68
CO46
Buttar HS. DRUG-HERBAL/FOOD INTERACTIONS COUNSELLING CAN REDUCE THE ADVERSE EVENTS IN
SENSITIVE PATIENT POPULATIONS.
69
CO47
Calvo-Barbado D, Cires-Pujol M, and Delgado-Martinez I. THERAPEUTIC CONSULTATION SERVICE: AN INFORMATION
SOURCE ABOUT NATURAL PRODUCTS.
69
CO48
Jiménez G, Ávila J, González B. THREE YEARS OF FOLLOW UP OF SUSPECT ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS WITH
HERBAL AND TRADITIONAL PRODUCTS IN CUBA.
70
CO49
Jáuregui U. PRESENTATION OF CENTER OF PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY. STRATEGIES OF RESEARCH &
DEVELOPMENT IN NATURAL PRODUCTS.
70
CO50
Rodríguez-Chanfrau JE. DRUG RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER. SCIENTIFIC STRATEGY IN NATURAL
PRODUCT.
71
CARTELES (P) / POSTERS (P)
P001
Casado C, Gutiérrez Y, Miranda M, Garcia G. Murraya paniculata, AN ALTERNATIVE OF THE NATURAL AND
TRADITIONAL MEDICINE TO THE DOORS OF THE PHYTOTHERAPY.
72
P002
Verzelloni E, Russo F, Agostini G, Manica P, Conte A. SERUM HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS SERUM HYALURONIDASE
AND URINARY GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS IN GONARTHROSIC PATIENTS TREATED WITH GRASS THERMAL
THERAPY
72
P003
Patacchioli FR, Monnazzi P, Simeoni S, Colorisco G, De Filippis S, and Martelletti P. STRESS HORMONES IN CHRONIC
MIGRAINE ARE MODULATED BY BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE A
73
P004
Santos VR, França EC, Oliveira RR, Cortés ME, Brandão MGL. SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ORAL PATHOGENIC
MICROORGANISMS TO ESSENTIAL OILS OF BRAZILIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS.
73
P005
Schwambach CW, França EC, Oliveira RR, Cortés ME, Brandão MGL, Santos VR. SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ORAL
PATHOGENS MICROORGANISMS TO Casearia sylvestris AND Stryphnodendron adstringens EXTRACTS
74
P006
Lima MEL, Cordeiro I, Young MCM, Sobral MEG, Moreno PRH. ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL
FROM TWO SPECIMENS OF Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus (Gomes) L. R. Landrum (MYRTACEAE) NATIVE FROM SÃO
PAULO STATE – BRAZIL
74
P007
Apel MA, Lima MEL, Souza A, Cordeiro I, Young MCM, Sobral MEG, Suffredini IB, Moreno PRH. SCREENING OF THE
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY FROM ESSENTIAL OILS OF NATIVE SPECIES FROM THE ATLANTIC RAIN FOREST (SÃO
PAULO – BRAZIL)
75
P008
Baró-Suárez M, Pedroso-Iglesias R, Menéndez-Hernández J, Domerego R, Cherbuliez T, Armesto-del Río M, HernándezRubiera J, Llano-Labrador B, De La Rosa-Rodríguez M, Pérez-Piñero A, Prado-González GL, Lazo M, González-Delgado
JP. THERAPEUTIC BENEFITS OF TWO FORMULATIONS OF AROMIELES AND ONE FORMULATION OF PROPOMIEL
75
P009
Echemendía OA, Almora E, Martínez I, Fidalgo O, González K, González JA, Lago V. ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF A
PRODUCT ISOLATED FROM Zanthoxylum elephantiasis
76
P010
Perera-Córdova WH, González-Mesa L, Payo-Hill AL, Nogueiras-Lima C, Oquendo-Suárez M and Sarduy-Domínguez R.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS AND FLAVONOIDS ISOLATED FROM LEAVES OF Pluchea carolinensis
(JACQ.) G. DON.
76
P011
Chevalier P, Nogueiras C. ENDEMIC Phyllanthus OF CUBA. MEDICAL POTENTIALITIES
77
P012
Jaramillo C, Mora C, Bravo K, Muñoz K, Arango G, Quijano J. ESTUDIO TEORICO DE COMPUESTOS AROMATICOS
CON ACTIVIDAD INHIBITORIA DE LA FORMACION DE β-HEMATINA
77
P013
Setzer W, Schmidt J, Noletto J, Vogler B. LEAF OIL COMPOSITIONS AND BIOACTIVITIES OF ABACO BUSH
MEDICINES
78
P014
Setzer W, Takaku S, Stokes S, Penton A. INHIBITION OF CRUZAIN BY Ocotea LEAF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM
78
4
FAPRONATURA 2006
MONTEVERDE, COSTA RICA
P015
León-Díaz R, Meckes Fisher M, Luna-Herrera J, Said-Fernández S, Molina-Salinas G, Jiménez-Arellanes A. TOXICIDAD
DE NEOLIGNANOS AISLADOS DE Aristolochia taliscana CON ACTIVIDAD ANTIMICOBACTERIANA
79
P016
Jiménez-Arellanes A, Martinez R, León Díaz R, Luna J, Said-Fernández S, Molina-Salinas G, Meckes M. POTENCIAL
ANTITUBERCULOSO DE LA ESPECIE MEDICINAL Thymus vulgaris
79
P017
Cornejo-Garrido J, Jimenez-Arellanes A, Meckes-Fischer M, Rojas-Bibriesca G, Nicasio-Torres P, Tortoriello-García J,
Said-Fernandez S, Mata-García B. POTENCIAL FARMACOLÓGICO DE LA ESPECIE Rubus liebmanii
MICROPROPAGADA Y BIOMASA DE CALLO
80
P018
Muñoz K, Fernandez G, Alzate F, Arango G, Segura C, Bravo K. INHIBITION OF A SPECIFIC ANTIMALARIAL
MOLECULAR TARGET AND CORELATION WITH THE ACTIVITY AGAINST P. falciparum AS SELECTION CRITERIA OF
POTENTIAL ANTIMALARIALS FROM NATURAL SOURCES
80
P019
Jaramillo MC, Mora CL, Vélez LE, Arango GJ. EVALUACION BIOLOGICA DE COMPUESTOS AROMATICOS COMO
INHIBIDORES DE Beta-LACTAMASA
81
P020
Osorio E, Brun R, Viladomat F, Codina C, Cabezas F and Bastida J. In vitro ANTIPROTOZOAL ACTIVITY OF ALKALOIDS
FROM Phaedranassa dubia (AMARYLLIDACEAE)
81
P021
Clavin M, Yardley V, Croft S, Anke T & Martino V. ANTIPROTOZOAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL ASSAY GUIDED
FRACTIONATION OF Eupatorium arnottianum EXTRACTS
82
P022
Vivot E, Muñoz JD, Herrero I, Dragán A and Sequin C. ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF DICHLOROMETHANE EXTRACTS
OF ELEVEN PLANTS FROM THE FLORA OF ENTRE RÍOS (ARGENTINA)
82
P023
Rando DG, Ferreira EI, Avery MA. ANTI-CHAGASIC AND ANTIMALARIAL ACTIVITY OF 5-NITRO- HETEROCYCLIC
BENHYDRAZIDE DERIVATIVES OBTAINED BY PARALLEL SYNTHESIS
83
P024
González-Lavaut JA, Prieto-González S, Garrido-Garrido G, García-Torres M, González-Guevara JL, González-García K,
Monteagudo-Borges R, Rivas-de la Vega Y, Gordo-Alvarez O, Echemendía-Arana OA, Pino-Rodríguez S. ANTIVIRAL
ACTIVITY Of CUBAN VEGETABLE SPECIES
83
P025
Monteagudo-Borges R, García-Torres M, Hidalgo-Perera O, Echemendía-Arana OA, Bolaños-Queral G, Lago-Abascal V,
González-Lavaut JA and González-Guevara J. ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTACTS FROM
Erythroxylum GENUS AGAINST HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2
84
P026
García-Torres M, Monteagudo-Borges R, Fidalgo-Perera O, Echemendía-Arana OA, Bolaños-Queral G, Lago-Abascal V,
Almora-Hernández E, González-Guevara J and González-Lavaut JA. EVALUATION OF ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF
FRACTIONS FROM Erythroxylum minutifolium AGAINST HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2
84
P027
Megret R, Torres MA. ANTIOXIDANT EVALUATION IN VIVO OF Spirulina platensis
85
P028
Megret R, Torres MA. SCAVENGER THE REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES BY Spirulina platensis
85
P029
Delaporte RH, Sarragiotto MH, Takemura OS, Sánchez GM, Pérez Davison G, Filho BPD, Nakamura CV. EVALUATION
OF THE ANTIOEDEMATOGENIC, FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF AERIAL
PARTS OF Tillandsia streptocarpa (BROMELIACECEAE)
86
P030
González TL, Abreu P, Matthew S, Costa D, Segundo M and Fernandes E. BIOASSAY-GUIDED ISOLATION OF
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY COMPOUNDS FROM Pedilanthus tithymaloides
86
P031
Anesini C, Turner S, Mauele MG, Ferraro G, and Filip R. PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF CAFFEINE ISOLATED
FROM Ilex paraguariensis ON PEROXIDASE SECRETION IN RAT SUBMANDIBULARY GLANDS
87
P032
Pardo-Andreu GL, Ávila R, Delgado R. MANGIFERIN INTERACTION WITH MITOCHONDRIAL PROTEIN THIOL GROUPS
AND GLUTATHIONE. THERAPEUTIC POTENTIALITIES
87
P033
Pardo-Andreu GL, Sánchez-Baldoquín C, Ávila-González R, Delgado R, Naal Z, Curti C. MANGIFERIN- FE(III) COMPLEX:
CHEMICAL EVIDENCE, SUPEROXIDE SCAVENGING ACTIVITY AND CYTOPROTECTION
88
P034
Nikolic J, Kocic G, Jevtovic-Stojmenov T. EFFECT OF BIOFLAVONOID LESPEFLAN ON XANTHINE OXIDASE ACTIVITY
IN MERCURY CHLORIDE TOXICITY
88
P035
Rodríguez CC, Martínez G, Canell Y, Safonts L. ACUTE TOXICITY, HYPOGLUCEMIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES
OF Allophylus cominia (L) sw.
89
P036
Pérez MR, Guevara I, López Y, Martínez G, Merino N, Álvarez D, León OS. ANTIOXIDANT PROTECTION OF Musa
Ò
paradisiaca EXTRACT. (Acitan ) IN GASTRIC MUCOSAL INJURY INDUCED BY INDOMETHACIN IN RATS.
89
P037
Nebel S, Leonti M, Nilsson H
OXIDANTS
& Heinrich M. LOCAL MEDITERRANEAN FOOD AS A SOURCE OF NOVEL ANTI-
90
P038
Verzelloni E, Tagliazucchi D, Panicucci E, Conte A. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES AND
THE PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENT IN TRADITIONAL BALSAMIC VINEGAR
90
5
FAPRONATURA 2006
P039
Jendeková L, Kojsová S, Pechánová O. VASORELAXATION RESPONSES INDUCED BY RED WINE POLYPHENOLS:
THE ROLE OF NITRIC OXIDE
91
P040
Pechánová O, Zenebe W, Andriantsitohaina R. THE PREVENTIVE EFFECT OF ACETOVANILLONE ON THE
DEVELOPMENT OF BORDERLINE AND SPONTANEOUS HYPERTENSION
91
P041
Şener G, Tavşu F, Çetinel Ş, Yeğen BÇ. LYCOPENE PROTECTS AGAINST BURN- INDUCED OXIDATIVE SKIN INJURY
IN RATS
92
P042
García L, Abajo C, del Campo J, Mitjans M, Marrero E and Vinardell MP. ANTIOXIDANT EFFECT OF LIGMED- A ON
HUMANE ERITHROCYTES in vitro
92
P043
Gonçalves RT, Lima RD, Abreu ACA, Jeffreys MF, Pereira Jr. OL, Nunez CV. CUANTIFICACIÓN DE LA ACTIVIDAD
ANTIOXIDANTE DE COUSSAPOA Asperifolia magnifolia (TRÉCUL) AKKERMANS & C.C. BERG (CECROPIACEAE) Y
Brosimum parinarioides DUCKE (MORACEAE)
93
P044
Montoya G, Londoño J, Osorio E, Jaramillo C, Yassin L, Aarango G. MECANISMO DE LA ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE Y
ANTIATEROGÉNICA DE MONOTERPENOS AROMÁTICOS: CARVACROL, TIMOL Y DERIVADOS HEMISINTÉTICOS
93
P045
de la Paz J, Larionova M, Maceira MA, Borrego SF, Echevarría E. CONTROL OF BIODERIORATION USING A FRACTION
ISOLATED FROM LEAFS OF Ricinus commmunis Linn
94
P046
Guiamet P, Gómez de Saravia S, Arenas P, Battistoni P and Pérez ML, de la Paz J, Borrego S. RATIONAL USE OF
NATURAL PRODUCTS OF VEGETABLE ORIGIN IN THE CONTROL OF BIODETERIORATION
94
P047
Del Toro G, Trapero YM. NATURAL AND TRADITIONAL MEDICINE IN THE MODERN SYSTEM OF PUBLIC HEALTH.
BIOETICS ASPECTS
95
P048
Aguila M, Pérez I, Hernández A, Rodríguez A, Batista J, Acosta N. EFFICACY OF GARLIC CAPSULES IN THE STABLE
CHEST ANGINA
95
P049
Vogler B, Cholewa L, Schmidt J, Setzer W. CYTOTOXIC FLAVONOIDS FROM THE BARK OF Lonchocarpus haberi FROM
96
P050
Muñoz K, Sierra J, Londoño J, Arango G, Arenas J, Mira L, Ochoa J. SCREENING BIOACTIVES FROM VEGETAL
SOURCES AS POTENTIAL SKIN LIGHTENING AGENTS USING AN ENZYMATIC MODEL OF TYROSINASE
INHIBITION, CORRELATIONS AMONGST ACTIVITY, PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS CONTENT AND CYTOTOXICITY
96
P051
Londoño J, Arango G, Ramírez R. BÚSQUEDA RACIONAL DE INHIBIDORES DE LA ENZIMA TRANSPORTADORA DE
ESTERES DE COLESTERILO (CETP) COMO POTENCIALES ANTIATEROGÉNICOS QUE MODIFIQUEN EL PERFIL
HDL/LDL
97
P052
Fleitas A, Derivet Ml, Simón M, Rodríguez G, Concepción BI. EFFECT OF (FZ) GLICOLIT ON KINETIC OF ABSORPTION
OF LABELED 14C GLUCOSE IN WISTAR RATS
97
P053
Fleitas AS. DEVELOPMENT OF A NATURAL SUBSTANCE AS AN ANTI-HIPERGLICEMIANT DRUG FOR GLICEMIC
CONTROL IN DIABETIC PATIENTS
98
P054
Badria FA, Abou-Seif M, Osama M, and Ahmed AF. EVALUATION OF THE HYPOGLYCEMIC EFFECT AND MECHANISM
OF ACTION OF Balanites aegyptiaca ON STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
98
P055
Ortiz-Andrade RR, Castillo-España P, Sánchez-Salgado JC, Villalobos-Molina R, Ramírez-Ávila G y Estrada-Soto S.
EFECTO ANTIDIABETICO DE Cochlospermum vitifolium y Tournefortia hartwegiana: AGENTES ANTIHIPERGLICEMICOS
VIA INHIBICION DE ALFA- GLUCOSIDASAS INTESTINALES
99
P056
Erazo JC, Aguilar L, Aranda E y Nicasio P. ACTIVIDAD Y CONTENIDO DE COMPUESTOS HIPOGLUCEMIANTES DE
DOS ESPECIES CONOCIDAS COMO “GUARUMBO”: Cecropia peltata Y Cecropia obtusifolia
99
P057
Jabbar-Shah A, Usman IS, Hassan-Gilani A. PRESENCE OF SPASMOLYTIC CONSTITUENTS IN Gratiola officinalis
100
P058
Iglesias E, Herrera R, Ferrándiz D, León MC, Turiño J, Ramírez A. PRECLINIC STUDIES OF THREE DIURETIC PLANTS
OF TRADITIONAL USE IN CUBA
100
P059
Boffill M, Lorenzo G, Monteagudo E, Sueiro M, Matos J. DIURETIC ACTIVITY OF FIVE MEDICINAL PLANTS USED
POPULARLY IN CUBA
100
P060
Barreiro AV, Jacas J. PRECLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE DIURETICAL EFFECT OF Lepidium virginicum L
101
P061
Pérez I, Fields AM, Churches AND, Herrera R, Eagle M, García L. ACUTE TOXICITY AND DIURETIC EFFECT OF THE
Commelina elegans H. B. K. (TUBE)
101
P062
Pérez I, Olivera O, Reynaldo I, Batista J, Grinión LE, Pestano Y. ACUTE TOXICITY AND DIURETIC EFFECT DE
Bryophyllum pinnatum LAM (EVERLASTING FLOWER)
102
P063
León-Espinosa O, Ruiz-Calabuch H, Ramos-Torres L, León-Espinosa I, García-Rodríguez R. THE VIRTUAL UNIVERSITY
IN THE TEACHING OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY. A THREE YEARS’ EXPERIENCE
102
6
FAPRONATURA 2006
P064
Contreras E, Castañeda S. LA FARMACOLOGÍA EN EL CONTEXTO DEL APRENDIZAJE DE LAS CIENCIAS BÁSICAS Y
LA ORIENTACIÓN MOTIVACIONAL DEL ESTUDIANTE
103
P065
Aguila L, García G. PROPERTIES OF THE Aloe IN THE RECURRENT STOMATITIS
103
P066
Ferrándiz D, Padilla M, Iglesias E. PRECLINICAL STUDIES OF A STANDARDIZED EXTRACT OF THE Allium sativum L.
TO 20% FOR ITS USE IN STOMATOLOGY
103
P067
León-Espinosa O, Ruiz-Calabuch H, Ramos-Torres L, León-Espinosa I, Gonzalez-Valdivia G. OPINIONS OF PATIENTS
FROM SANCTI SPIRITUS AND LA SIERPE MUNICIPALITIES ABOUT MEDICINAL HERBS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL
DRUGS
104
P068
León-Espinosa O, Ruiz-Calabuch H, Ramos-Torres L, León-Espinosa I, Gonzalez-Valdivia G. KNOWLEDGE AND
OPINIONS OF DOCTORS FROM SANCTI SPIRITUS AND LA SIERPE MUNICIPALITIES ABOUT PHYTOTHERAPY
105
P069
Ricardo M, Valls AR. USE OF THE HERBALIST TRADITIONAL MEDICINE IN THE MUNICIPALITY JIMAGUAYU OF
CAMAGUEY
105
P070
Pérez-Valerino DR, Espronceda-Reyes A. EVALUATION OF CONSUME OF MEDICINAL HERBS IN PREGNANT WOMEN
IN THE HEALTH AREA OF RENE VALLEJO CLINIC, BAYAMO CITY SINCE JANUARY TO MAY, 2006
106
P071
Espronceda-Reyes A, Perez-Valerino DR. MEDICINAL PLANTS USED AGAINST ANTI- PARASITE DISEASES.
EVALUATION OF ITS USE IN A HEALTH AREA
106
P072
Pérez de Arce R, Herrera C, Coria Y, Leal B, Probst U, Villena L, Norambuena F, León J, Curaqueo R, Meza I, Barrera E,
Martínez JL.. ETHNOPHARMACOBOTANICAL STUDY OF A URBAN POPULATION AT THE METROPOLITAN REGION
OF CHILE
107
P073
López M, Pérez M, Martin Y, Marrero R. USE AND KNOWLEDGE OF THE MEDICINAL PLANTS EMPLOYEES FOR THE
TREATMENT OF THE ACUTE DIARRHEIC ILLNESSES
107
P074
López M, Santos M. MEDICINAL PLANTS AND PREGNANCE
108
P075
Ferrer Y, Miranda M, García V. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PROFESSIONALS OF THE HEALTH AND THE
POPULATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY LA LISA IN RELATION TO THE KNOWLEDGE THAT POSSESS ON MEDICINAL
PLANTS AND PHYTOTHERAPY
108
P076
Lacoste MJ, Rodríguez Téllez S, López del Rosario G. NATURAL AND TRADITIONAL MEDICINE. ACCEPTANCE ON
PEDIATRIC PRACTICE
109
P077
Griñan D, Saumell Y, Perdomo D, Ortiz L. USE OF PHYTOMEDICINES AT ¨GUSTAVO MACHIN¨ HOSPITAL
109
P078
Saumell Y, Lores D, Griñan D, Perdomo D. RATIONAL USE OF DIETETIC SUPPLEMENTS
109
P079
Melgarejo López N, Álvarez Bustamante G, Alonso Abad A. PRACTICAL GUIDE FOR PHYTOTHERAPEUTIC
PRESCRIPTION IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
110
P080
Marrero-Miragaya MA. CLINICAL TRIALS IN MEDICINAL PLANTS
110
P081
Pérez M, Cid M, Méndez R, Rodríguez M, Arboláez M. PROPOSAL OF GUIDELINE FOR THE REALIZATION OF
CLINICAL TRIAL PROTOCOLS WITH HERBAL DRUGS
111
P082
Cedeño E, Sierra L. GUIDE OF NATURAL MEDICATIONS FOR THE FAMILY ´S USE
111
P083
González Y, Boffill MA, Bermúdez D, Castillo O, Iglesias N. EFFECTS OF Solanum melongena AND Plantago major
EXTRACTS ON HUMAN ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANES
111
P084
Tagliazucchi D, Verzelloni E, Ghelardoni S, Pini E, Maltinti S, Ronca G, Conte A. EFFECT OF CHAIN LENGTH AND
ALDEHYDIC FUNCTION ON SOME BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF PARROPOLYENES
112
P085
Aznar GE, González HR, Catalá M, Barroso E, González M, Díaz BY. CLINICAL TRIAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
TROFIN/BIOTROFER FOR THE TREATMENT OF ANEMIA IN CANCER PATIENTS.
112
P086
González HR, Aznar GE. IRON ABSORTION AND EFFICACY THE ANTIANEMICS IRON HEM TROFIN/BIOTROF 113
DIFFERENT FORMULATIONS
P087
Velasco R, González C, Tapia R, Román R. HEMATOPOIETIC ACTIVITY OF Smilax aristolochiaefolia IN VITRO AND
VIVO
113
P088
Gori L, Firenzuoli F, Lombardo G. Ginkgo biloba SAFETY ISSUE: COAGULATION
114
P089
Janega P, Líšková S, Uličná O, Vančová O, Greksák M, Babál P, Pechánová O. EFFECT OF ROOIBOS TEA ON LIVER
DAMAGE INDUCED BY EXPERIMENTAL TOXIC INJURY
114
P090
Ozel Y, Dulundu E, Topalaoglu U, Toklu H, Gedik N, Ercan F, Şener G. HEPATIC FIBROSIS IN BILIARY- OBSTRUCTED
RATS IS PREVENTED BY GRAPE SEED EXTRACT TREATMENT
115
7
FAPRONATURA 2006
P091
Guzmán EA, Segura D, Vázquez B. EFECTO DE LOS ALCALOIDES DE Heimia salicifolia (H.B.K.) LINK SOBRE LA
PRESIÓN ARTERIAL
115
P092
Lorenzana-Jiménez M, García X, Gijón E y Magos Guerrero G A. ESTUDIO FITOQUIMICO DEL EXTRACTO
METANOLICO DE STROTHANTHUS VENETUS EN EL SISTEMA CARDIOVASCULAR DE LA RATA ANESTESIADA
116
P093
Aguila L, García G. USE OF HOMEOPATHY IN PATIENT WITH STOMATOLOGIC AFFECTIONS
116
P094
Perdomo-Delgado J, González-Pla E and Perdomo-Álvarez N. PHYTOPHARMACEUTICALS ON HOMEOPATHIC
CLINICAL PRACTICE
117
P095
Cedeño E, Benítez G, Sierra L. BACH`S FLOWER THERAPY IN MILD INTERMMITTENT BROCHIAL ASTHMA
117
P096
Rodríguez de la Torre E. FLORAL PRESCRIPTION DETECTION BY KINESEOLOGY
118
P097
Ochoa-Pacheco A, Gross-Fernández C, Armas-Corría A and Gutiérrez-Fonseca YG. PRECLINICAL PHARMACOLOGICAL
STUDY OF A SOFT EXTRACT AND OINTMENTS OF Petiveria alliacea L
118
P098
Martorell-González N, Torres-Hernández MR. ANTIRUST VITAMIN DEFICIENCY IN DIET OF ADOLESCENTS LIKE RISK
FACTOR OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
119
P099
Vidal R, Vidal E. ERIDAL®. ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY OINTMENT MADE OUT OF OIL EXTRACTS FROM
LEMMON GRASS (Cymbopogon citratus)
119
P100
Ledón N, Casacó A, Remírez D, González A, Cruz J, González R, Capote A, Tolón Z, Rojas E, Rodríguez VJ, Merino N,
Rodríguez S, Ancheta O, Cano M. EFFECTS OF A MIXTURE OF FATTY ACIDS FROM SUGAR CANE (Saccharum
officinarum L.) WAX OIL IN INFLAMMATION
119
P101
Peña D, Montes de Oca N, Rojas S, Parra A, García G. PHARMACOLOGIAL PRE-CLINICAL EVALUATION OF Isocarpha
cubana BLAKE
120
P102
Badria FA and Fathy El-Batoty M. APOPTOSIS AND FOOD- CONTAINING COMPOUNDS: THERAPEUTIC STRATEGY
FOR RHEUMATOID AND OSTEOARTHRITIS
120
P103
Cisneros FJ & Jayo M. AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF Uncaria tomentosa (CAT'S CLAW) AMELIORATES OZONE INDUCED
INFLAMMATION
121
P104
Llanio M, Fernández MD, Cabrera B, Bermejo P, Abad MJ, Payá M, Alcaraz MJ. THE MARINE PLANT Thalassia
testudinum POSSESSES ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANALGESIC PROPERTIES
121
P105
Fernández MD, Llanio M, Cabrera B, Bermejo P, Abad MJ, Payá M and Alcaraz MJ. Stypopodium zonale: A MARINE ALGA
WITH ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, ANALGESIC AND ANTI- OXIDANT EFFECTS
122
P106
Álvarez A, Sanchez C, Rodriguez J, Lemus Y, Jane A, Izquierdo M, Delgado R. MONITORING OF INFLAMMATION
ALLEGIC AND AIRWAY REMODELING MARKERS IN TWO ASTHMATIC PATIENTS TREATED WITH VIMANG®
CAPSULES
122
P107
Delporte C, Torres V, Erazo S, Silva X, Negrete R, Muñoz O, Backhouse N. ACTIVIDAD ANTIINFLAMATORIA Y
ANTIMICROBIANA DE Aristotelia chilensis, ESPECIE NATIVA CHILENA
123
P108
Erazo S, Backhouse N, García R, Zaldívar M, Negrete R, Belmonte E, San Martín A, Rojas O, Delporte C. ACTIVIDADES
ANALGÉSICA Y ANTIMICROBIANA DE Malesherbia auristipulata, ESPECIE PRE-ANDINA CHILENA
123
P109
Yu RM, Yan CY, Song LY. ISOLATION, PURIFICATION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF POLYSACCHARIDES FROM
CULTURED Ginkgo biloba
124
P110
Latif A, Khan TF and Afaq SH. ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF FLOWER TOPS OF Gentiana Kurroo Royale
EXTRACT
124
P111
Jáuregui-Haza U, Domínguez-Mesa MI, Valdés-González M, Izquierdo-González M. PHARMACOLOGICAL,
TOXICOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH ON Mangifera indica L AND MANGIFERIN: BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY WITH
SCIENCE CITATION INDEX
125
P112
Echavarria M, López R, Ferrer Y, Casado C, Miranda M. THE MEDICINAL PLANTS AND NATURAL PRODUCTS
NATIONAL CENTER INFORMATION AS PROMOTER OF THE RATIONAL USE OF THE NATURAL MEDICINE
125
P113
López M, García O, Yera Y, Rodríguez A, Hernández LC. A WEB SITE OF THE PHARMACOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF
THE Allium sativum L (GARLIC)
126
P114
Valdés-González M. THE INFORMATION OF PATENT DOCUMENTS FOR THE RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT IN
NATURAL PRODUCTS. THE CASE OF SOLANESOL
126
P115
Santos MN, Santos C. USE OF LDE (LEUKOCYTES DIALYZABLE EXTRACT) IN PATIENTS WITH RESPIRATORY
DISEASE
127
8
FAPRONATURA 2006
P116
Pérez O, Lastre M, Bracho G, del Campo J, Zayas C, Acevedo R, Gil D, Mora N, González D, Balboa J, Cabrera O, Cuello
C, Pérez DR, Barberá R, Fajardo EF, Sierra G, Solís RL, and Campa C. NATURAL Neissera DERIVE PROTEOLIPOSOME
AND COCHLEATE AS POTENT VACCINE ADJUVANTS
127
P117
Pérez M, Ramírez W, Jorge OC. CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF T-BIOMODULINE AND ITS CYTO-RESTORING AND
IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY
128
P118
Ávila AD, Calderón CF, Pérez RM, Álvarez I, Pons C, Ortiz AR, Pereda C. CONSTRUCTION AND BIOLOGICAL in vitro
EVALUATION OF IMMUNOTOXINS BY LINKING OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES WITH A HAEMOLYTIC TOXIN FROM
A SEA ANEMONE
128
P119
Takami GA, Yavari A, Heidarieh M. IMMUNOSTIMULATION OF WHITE SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei) FOLLOWING
DIETARY ADMINISTRATION OF ERGOSAN TO INVESTIGATE ITS EFFECT ON THE GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF
WHITE SHRIMP IN BUSHEHR-IRAN
129
P120
Valls AR, Iglesias E, Ferrandiz D, Turiño J, Batista J. Camagüey, Cuba. PRIMARY DERMAL IRRITABILITY TEST TO
HERBAL PRODUCTS OF DERMATOLOGICAL USE
129
P121
Ramírez K, Puente E, Betancourt J, Mora Y. DERMAL AND OPHTHALMIC IRRITABILITY OF THE CREAM OF ONION TO
25%.
130
P122
Modarai M, Gertsch J, Suter A, Heinrich M, Kortenkamp A. CYP ENZYME INHIBITION BY Echinacea AND ITS
ALKAMIDES – IS IT CLINICALLY RELEVANT?
130
P123
Zamora Z, Borrego A, Sánchez C, Delgado R, González R , Menéndez S, Hernández F and Schulz S. OZONETHERAPY
REDUCES TNF-ALPHA LEVELS IN SERUM AND LUNG MYELOPEROXIDASE ACTIVITY IN LPS-INDUCED
ENDOTOXIC SHOCK IN MICE
131
P124
González R, Zamora Z, Guanche D, Merino N, Menéndez S, Hernández F, Alonso Y and Schulz S. OZONIZED
SUNFLOWER OIL (OSO) REDUCED OXIDATIVE DAMAGE INDUCED BY INDOMETHACIN IN RATS.
131
P125
Ruiz H, Ramos L, Abreu MC, Crespo N, González A, Ulloa F, León O. ASSESSMENT OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT
OF OZONE IN CHILDREN WITH IMPETIGO
132
P126
Ruiz H, Ramos L, Arftiles A, León O, Benítez I. ACUTE ULCEROUS NECROTIZING GINGIVITIS (AUNG). AN
ALTERNATIVE OF TREATMENT WITH OZONIZED OIL
132
P127
Bermúdez I, Reyes I Frómeta V and Suárez C. BEHAVIOR OF THE OXIDATIVE STRESS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC
FOOT TREATED WITH PROPOLIS
133
P128
Bermúdez I, García GS, Piloto AA, Pérez YF and Valdivieso AG. EFFECT OF THE CUBAN PROPOLIS COLLECTED IN
MANZANILLO AREA ON THE WOUNDS HEALING IN RATS
133
P129
López M, Jiménez I, Santos M. USE OF THE PROPOLIS CREAM 10% IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS INFECTED
WITH Candida IN VULVA AND VAGINA
134
P130
Fidalgo O, Almora E, Lago V. In vitro ACTIVITY OF PROPOAROMIEL AGAINST Candida sp.
134
P131
Mello AM, Silva LG, Resende SL, Alves JB, Cortes ME, Schwambach CW, Abreu SRL, Santos VR. ELECTRONIC
MICROSCOPY OF Candida albicans TREATED WITH BRAZILIAN GREEN PROPOLIS EXTRACT AND ITS MINIMUM
INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION
134
P132
Amaral RRC, Rocha WMS, Abreu SRL, Santos VR. PERIODONTITIS TREATMENT WITH BRAZILIAN GREEN PROPOLIS
GEL
135
P133
de Paula MB, Santiago WK, Dias SMD, Cortés ME, Dias RS, Santos VR. SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ORAL PATHOGENIC
BACTERIA AND FUNGI TO BRAZILIAN GREEN PROPOLIS EXTRACT
135
P134
Gomes RT, Teixeira KIR, Cortés ME, Abreu SRL, Santos VR. ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF A PROPOLIS ADHESIVE
FORMULATION ON DIFFERENT ORAL PATHOGENS
136
P135
Oršolić N, Tadić Z, Benković V, Horvat Knežević A, Lisičić D, Bašić I. STIMULATION OF HEMATOPOIESIS BY A WATERSOLUBLE DERIVATIVE OF PROPOLIS IN MICE
136
P136
Göksel Ş, Özer S, Abdullah S, Velioğlu-Ogunc A, Cetinel S, Gedik N, Yeğen BÇ. RESVERATROL ALLEVIATES
IFOSFAMIDE-INDUCED URINARY TOXICITY IN RATS
136
P137
González-Hernández S, Narro-Juárez A, González-Ramírez D. EFECTO DE Coriandrum sativum (CILANTRO) EN RATAS
INTOXICADAS CON PLOMO
137
P138
Capote A, Pérez N, Pérez A, Barbón R, Salas E, Wilken D, Gerth A, Müller-Kuhrt L and Jiménez E. In vitro CULTURE OF
Morinda royoc L., Psidium guajava L. var “EEA18-40” AND Morus alba L. var “Criolla” FOR OBTENTION OF SOME
THERAPEUTICALLY INTERESTING SECONDARY METABOLITES
137
P139
Pérez N, Jiménez E, Capote A, Wilken D, Gerth A, Jähn A, Nitzsche H-M, Kerns G. TEMPORARY IMMERSION: A
VALUABLE OPTION FOR CARDIOTONIC GLYCOSIDES PRODUCTION OF Digitalis purpurea L.
138
9
FAPRONATURA 2006
P140
Abuín A, Lobato O, Prado G, Chateloin T, Fernández F, Boan M, Torrientes D, Guevara E, Bacallao M, Victores O,
Gonzáles R, Pensado L, Oliva M. COMMUNITY EXTRACTION OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF Melaleuca quinquenervia
(CAYEPUT), AN INTEGRATED FOCUS, AN ECOLOGICAL-MEDICAL SOLUTION (PROJECT BEHIQUE)
138
P141
Crosta L, Grippi F, Curione A, Tolomeo M, Aiello G, D’Amico R, Oliveri F, Gebbia N. DETECTION OF PICEATANNOL,
PTEROSTILBENE AND 3’- HYDROXYPTEROSTILBENE IN NATURAL PRODUCTS
139
P142
Ospina O, Rojas C, Vega D. CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF LONGIPILINE ACETATE
139
P143
Huertas A, Vega D, Rodríguez O, Torrenegra R, Rodríguez A and Rojas C. NEW MONOGLYCOSIDE FROM Ageratina
vacciniaefolia
140
P144
Delporte C, Negrete R, Saavedra A, Peredo N, Aguirre MC, Silva X, Erazo S, Miranda HF, Apablaza C, Backhouse N.
IMPACTO DE LA VARIACIÓN ESTACIONAL EN LA EFICACIA DE Ugni molinae y Buddleja globosa, ESPECIES NATIVAS
CHILENAS
140
P145
Nunez J, Mendoza A. FATTY ACIDS COMPOSITION AND NUTRITIONAL EFFECT IN RATS OF CUSHURO (Nostoc
sphaericum VAUCHER)
141
P146
LeHoux JG and Dupuis G. RECOVERY OF CHITOSAN FROM AQUOUS ACIDIC SOLUTIONS BY SALTING- OUT WITH
FOOD-COMPATIBLE ORGANIC SALTS
141
P147
Gutiérrez-Ruiz J, Granados-Canseco F, Martínez-Esparza C, Velázquez-Paniagua M, and Prieto-Gómez B. CHRONIC
MELATONIN APPLICATION MODIFIES THE CYTOARCHITECTURE OF TESTIS AND DECREASES THE SPERM
NUMBER IN WISTAR RAT.
142
P148
Buznego MT, Pérez-Saad H. BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF THE ACUTE ADMINISTRATION OF THE EXTRACT OF THE
AQUATIC PLANT Echinodorus berteroi (SPRENGEL) FASSETT (UPRIGHT BURHEAD)
142
P149
Ruenes K, Garateix A, Buznego MT, García T, Pérez-Saad H, Palmero A, Guzmán A, Tortoriello J and Pérez-Saad H.
ANXIOLYTIC EFFECTS OF Salvia elegans EXTRACT
142
P150
Garateix A, Ruenes K, Buznego MT, García T, Menéndez T, Palmero A, Guzmán A , Valdés O, Alejandre L, Laguna A and
Pérez-Saad H. NEUROPHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF FOUR MARINE PLANT EXTRACTS
143
P151
Garateix A, Salceda E, López O, Salazar H, Aneiros A, Zaharenko AJ, de Freitas JC and Soto E. PHARMACOLOGICAL
CHARACTERIZATION OF Bunodosoma TOXINS ON VOLTAGE DEPENDENT SODIUM CHANNELS
143
P152
Santos Y, Díaz M, López T, Souto R, Rodríguez A, Martínez J, Castañeda O. LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT FRACTIONS
FROM THE CRUDE EXTRACT OF Condylactis gigantea, ACTING ON POTASSIUM CHANNELS
144
P153
Haskell CF, Kennedy DO, Milne AL, Wesnes KA, Zangara A & Scholey AB. Northumbria University, UK. COGNITIVE AND
MOOD EFFECTS OF CAFFEINE AND THEANINE ALONE AND IN COMBINATION
144
P154
Kennedy DO, Scholey AB, Zangara A, Luedemann J, Maggini S, Brewster-Maund C, Ruf M. EFFECTS OF A
MULTIVITAMIN PREPARATION WITH GUARANÁ ON SUSTAINED MENTAL PERFORMANCE AND MENTAL FATIGUE
145
P155
Oviedo VMO, García MG, Rincón JV, Guerrero MP. ALKALOID FRACTION OBTAINED FROM LEAVES OF Annona
muricata WITH ANXIOLYTIC ACTIVITY IN MICE
145
P156
Firenzuoli F, Gori L, Calapai G. Rhodiola rosea IN MINOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS
145
P157
Reyes R, Marrero-Miragaya MA, Eirez M. MIGRAPRECOL AND MIGRAMENSTRUAL. MEDICINAL PLANTS
FORMULATIONS IN MIGRAINE PROPHYLAXIS
146
P158
Monteagudo E, Cepero V, Mollineda A. Calendula officinalis: VARIATION TO THE METHODOLOGY OF EXTRACTS
OBTENTION, CHARACTERIZATION FOR EXPERIMENTAL USE AND ACUTE TOXICITY
146
P159
Monteagudo E, Cepero V, Cordovés D, Verdecía B, Blanco F, Díaz L, Mollineda A. PHARMACOTOXICOLOGICAL
STUDIES OF Gracylaria cylindrica ALGAE
147
P160
Monteagudo E, Boffill M, Bermúdez D, Quesada D, Roca A, Verdecia B, Blanco F, Díaz L, Betancourt E. ACUTE TOXICITY
EVALUATION OF SIX MEDICINAL PLANTS USING THREE ALTERNATIVE METHODS
147
P161
García Y, González R, Bourg V, González Y, González B, Mancebo A, Bada AM, Mier Y, Arteaga ME, González C,
Hernández J. TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF A NEW ANTIANEMIC FORMULATION FROM NATURAL PRODUCT
DRY TROFÍN®
148
P162
Boffill M, Lorenzo G, Sainz O, Sánchez C, Betancourt E. TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF AN INFUSSION OF Bidens
pilosa
148
P163
Peña D, Montes de Oca N, Rojas S, Parra A, García G. TOXICOLOGICAL PRE- CLINICAL EVALUATION OF Isocarpha
cubana BLAKE
149
P164
Galán L, Souto RD, Ruiz Y, Lanio ME, Álvarez C, Álvarez JL. CARDIOTOXIC ACTIONS OF STHICHOLYSINS I AND II,
TWO CYTOLYSINS ISOLATED FROM THE SEA ANEMONE Stichodactyla helianthus
149
10
FAPRONATURA 2006
P165
Fuentes JL, Alonso A, Cuetara E, Vernhe M, Álvarez N, Sánchez-Lamar A, Llagostera M. MEDICINAL PLANTS
ASSESSING AS RADIOPROTECTORS USING SOS CHROMOTEST
150
P166
Dominguez A, Reyes L, García O, Macías B and Pérez L. TOXO- PLANT 1.0 TOXICOLOGY OF CUBAN MEDICINAL
PLANTS WITH ANTIMICROBIAL ACTION
150
P167
López M, García O, Hernández LC, Yera Y, Rodríguez A. NEUROTOXICAL EFFECTS PRODUCED BY PLANTS.
KNOWLEDGE IN DOCTORS AND PRACTITIONERS FROM EMPIRIC TRADITIONAL MEDICINE
151
P168
Alfonso A, Ramírez K, Betancourt J, Salas H, Puentes E, Domínguez A. EVALUATION OF ORAL ACUTE TOXICITY OF
FIVE MEDICINAL HERBS BY MEANS OF AN ALTERNATIVE METHOD
151
P169
Lemos FO, Mello VJ, Cassali GD, Salas CE and Lopes MTP. PRE-CLINIC EVALUATION OF PROTEASES FROM C.
candamarcensis AS DERMAL HEALING PRINCIPLES
152
P170
Campos A, Magos G, Rodríguez A, González C, Aguilar A y Martínez E. ESTUDIO FARMACOTOXICOLOGICO DE LOS
EXTRACTOS SECOS OBTENIDOS DE LA SEMILLA DE Thevetia peruviana.
152
P171
Tapia R, Estrada M, Vega E, Lobato A, Alvarez C, Ortiz V, Velasco R. EVALUACIÓN DE LA ACTIVIDAD TÓXICA DE
DIVERSOS EXTRACTOS SOBRE Artemia salina
153
P172
Casillas IL, Dávalos KV, Hurtado M, Cruz A, Aguilar M A, Velasco-Lezama R, Alarcón F. VALORACIÓN CITO Y
GENOTÓXICA DEL EXTRACTO ACUOSO DE Psacalium peltatum (MATARIQUE) EN CULTIVOS DE LINFOCITOS
HUMANOS
153
P173
Molina-Salinas G, Said-Fernández S. MICROENSAYO MODIFICADO DE TOXICIDAD SOBRE LARVAS DE Artemia salina
154
P174
Rodeiro I, Morffi J, Garrido G, Delgado R. MANGIFERIN, A GLUCOSYLXANTHONE EXTRACTED FROM Mangifera indica
L. PROTECTS FROM INJURY INDUCED TO DNA: in vitro STUDIES
154
P175
Alfonso M, Quintela A, Lemus R, Garcia M. HEALING EFFECT OF THE SKIN- REGENERATED CREAM USING IN
TRAUMATIC ULCERS OF WISTAR RATS LOWER MEMBERS
155
P176
Oruña L, Lago G, Coto G, Bousa P. PHARMACOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF A HYALURONIC ACID JELLY FOR THE
WOUND HEALING
155
P177
Sánchez-Perera LM, Beringuer B, Martin-Calero MJ, Bulnes C, Escobar A, Carnesolta D, Remigio MA. PRECLINICAL
EVALUATION OF Rhizophora mangle L. AS ANTIULCEROGENIC POTENTIAL DRUG
156
11
FAPRONATURA 2006
PROGRAMA / PROGRAM
12:30
14:30
15:00 – 16:00
16:00-16:20
Sala de Conferencias /
Room of Lectures
Hotel Blau-Varadero
Coordinadores /
Coordinators:
Salida del Hotel Occidental Miramar, Ciudad de La Habana hacia Varadero /
Departure from Occidental Miramar Hotel, Havana to Varadero.
Llegada a la Playa de Varadero / Arrival to Varadero Beach.
Recibimiento y Acreditación a Delegados. Ubicación en Habitaciones del Hotel
Club Amigo y Blau-Varadero / Welcome and Accreditation to Delegates.
Location in Rooms at the Club Amigo Hotel and Blau-Varadero.
Traslado a la Sala de Conferencias, Hotel Blau-Varadero / Transfer to the
Room of Lectures, Hotel Blau-Varadero.
Inauguración de los Simposios y Conferencia de Apertura / Inauguration
of the Symposia and Opening Conference
René Delgado, Cuba & Elizabeth Williamson, UK.
16:30-16:50
Bienvenida de la Sociedad Cubana de Farmacología y el Ministerio de Salud
Pública de Cuba. / Welcome to delegates for the Cuban Pharmacology Society
and Cuban Ministry of Heath.
Plenary
Lecture 01
16:55-17:25
Michael Heinrich, University of London, UK. Ethnopharmacology and the
Search for Novel Medicines and Health Foods. Are we Barking Up the Right
Tree?
Plenary
Lecture 02
17:30-18:00
Nancy Cabrera, National Center for Natural and Traditional Medicine,
Cuba. Natural and Traditional Medicine: Integration to the National Health
System in Cuba.
Plenary
Lecture 03
18:05-18:35
Fulgencio D. Saura-Calixto, IF-CSIC, Spain. Antioxidant Dietary Fibers: A
Potential Tool for Prevention of Oxidative Stress Associated Disease.
Plenary
Lecture 04
18:40-19:10
Elizabeth M. Williamson, University of Reading, UK. Interactions between
Herbal Medicines and Prescription Drugs.
19:30-21:30
21:30
CENA / DINNER
COCTEL DE BIENVENIDA / WELCOME RECEPTION
12
FAPRONATURA 2006
Room of Lectures
Simposio: Investigación y Desarrollo de Productos Naturales / Symposium:
Research & Development in Natural Products.
Hotel Blau-Varadero
Coordinadores / Coordinators:
Gabino Garrido, Cuba & Michael Heinrich, UK.
Lecture 01
09:00-09:25
Raza Mohsin, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran. Ethnopharmacology of Disease
Prevention from Ancient Islamic Texts.
Lecture 02
09:30-09:55
Eric Buenz, Mayo Clinic, USA. Drug Discovery Through Historic Herbal Texts.
Lecture 03
10:00-10:25
Debprasad Chattopadhyay, ID & BG Hospital, India. Role and Scope of
Ethnomedicinal Plants in the Development of Antivirals.
Lecture 04
10:30-10:55
Jeanne Y Ngogang, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon. In-Vitro Antioxidant
Activity of three Piper Species: A Comparative Study
Lecture 05
11:00-11:25
Gabino Garrido, Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Cuba. New Cuban
Natural Product from Stem Bark of Mangifera indica L (Vimang®). Preclinical
Characterization and Therapeutic Potentials.
11:30-11:45
RECESO / COFFEE BREAK
11:50-13:30
COMUNICACIONES ORALES / ORAL COMMUNICATIONS
Salas / Rooms
1,2,3
SALA 1 /
ROOM 1
Simposio: Propóleos y sus Propiedades Terapéuticas / Symposium: Propolis
and its Therapeutic Properties.
Isis Bermudez, Cuba & Nada Orsolic, Croatia.
CO-01
11:50-12:05
Nada Orsolic, University of Zagreb, Croatia. Effect of Propolis and its
Polyphenolic/Flavonoids Compounds on DNA Damage induced by Radiation to
Mouse Lymphocytes.
CO-02
12:10-12:25
Ivan Basic, University of Zagreb, Croatia. Cytotoxicity of Propolis and its
Polyphenolic Compounds on Primary Culture of Human Urinary Bladder
Transitional Cell Carcinoma.
CO-03
12:30-12:45
Isis Bermudez, University of Oriente, Cuba. Therapeutic Effectiveness of
Ulceprol Cream. Results of a Multicentric Study.
CO-04
12:50-13:05
Vagner Rodrigues Santos, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Antimicrobial Activity of a Propolis Adhesive Formulation on Different Oral
Pathogens.
CO-05
13:10-13:25
José Quincoces, Bandeirante University of São Paulo, Brazil. Natural Products
in the Brazilian Propolis and their Synthetically Derived Present Antitumoral
Properties.
13:30-14:30
ALMUERZO / LUNCH
13
FAPRONATURA 2006
SALA 2 /
ROOM 2
11:50-13:30
Symposio: Ensayos Clínicos en Productos Naturales / Symposium: Clinical
Trials in Natural Products.
Elisa Aznar, Cuba & Farid A. Badria, Egypt.
CO-06
11:50-12:00
Fouad K. Habib, University of Edinburgh, UK. The Biological Activities of
Serenoa Repens Extract in Human Prostate.
CO-07
12:05-12:15
Elisa Aznar, National Center of Bioproducts, Cuba. Oral Effectiveness of Two
Pharmaceutical Forms with Ferrous Iron of Natural Origin (Trofin and Neotrofin) in
the Treatment of the Ferropenic Anemia in Different Populational Groups.
CO-08
12:20-12:35
Octavio Fernadez-Limia, National Centre for Animal and Plant Heath, Cuba.
Clinical Trials on the Efficacy of an Extract of Rhizophora mangle, L Bark Extract in
Skin and Mucosa Wounds Healing.
CO-09
12:40-12:55
Bruce Barret, University of Wisconsin, USA. Echinacea and Ginseng for
Immune Enhancement and Prevention of Respiratory Infection.
CO-10
13:00-13:10
Farid A. Badria, University of Mansoura, Egypt. Boswellia-GlycyrrhizinCurcumin Preparation for the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C: A Double-Blind,
Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Phase I/II Trial.
13:30-14:30
ALMUERZO / LUNCH
11:50-13:30
SALA 3 /
ROOM 3
Simposio: Extracto de la Corteza de Mangifera indica L. Nuevos Enfoques
Farmacológicos / Symposium: Mangifera indica L Stem Bark Extract
(Vimang®). New Pharmacological Approaches.
Patricia Hernández, Cuba & Gilberto Pardo, Cuba.
CO-11
11:50-12:00
Dagmar
García,
Center
of
Pharmaceutical
Chemistry,
Cuba.
Immunomodulatory Activities of Mangifera indica L Stem Bark and Mangiferin.
CO-12
12:05-12:15
Patricia Hernández, Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Cuba. Mangifera
indica L. Extract Modulates TCR-Induced Nuclear Factor kB Signalling in Human T
Lymphocytes.
CO-13
12:20-12:40
Yeny Lemus, Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Cuba. Neuroprotector
Effect of Mangifera indica L Stem Bark Extract and its Glucosylxanthone
Mangiferin in Murine Neuronal Cells.
CO-14
12:45-12:55
Rene Delgado, Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Cuba. Anti-Angiogenic
Activity of Mangifera indica L. Stem Bark Extract and its Glucosylxanthone
Mangiferin.
CO-15
13:00-13:10
Gilberto Pardo, Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Cuba. Fe(III) Shifts the
Mitochondria
Permeability Transition-Eliciting Capacity of Mangiferin, to
Organelle’s Protection. A Potential Protective Mechanism Towards Prooxidant
Action of Catechol-Containing Antioxidants.
CO-16
13:15-13:25
Mariela Guevara, Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Cuba. Results of the
Research with Mangifera indica Extract (VIMANG®): From Ethnomedicine to the
First Clinical Trials.
13:30-14:30
ALMUERZO / LUNCH
14
FAPRONATURA 2006
15:00-18:00
Actividades Recreativas y Libre Intercambio entre Delegados. / Recreational
Activities and Free Exchange Inter Delegates.
18:30-20:20
CENA / DINNER
20:30-21:30
SECCIÓN DE CARTELES / SECTION OF POSTERS
CO-17
Ricardo González, Nelson Merino, Roberto Menéndez, Odalys Blanco and
Idania Rodeiro, Cuba.
20:30-21:30
Discusión de Carteles (P001-P090) e Intercambio Científico. Presentación Oral (5
min) de Carteles Seleccionados / Poster discusión (P001-P090) and Scientific
Exchange. Oral Presentation (5 min) of Selected Posters.
20:30-21:00
Presentación y Comercialización del Compendio Informativo: / Presentation and
Commercialization of Compendium:
PLANT MEDICINAL: COMPILATION OF CUBAN AUTHORS SCIENTIFIC
ARTICLES. Ricardo Castro, Drug Research and Development Center, Cuba.
21:30-23:30
Degustación de Rones Cubanos. Música y Karaoke. Clases de Bailes Impartida
por Fitofarmacólogos Cubanos / Tasting of Cuban Rums. Music and Karaoke.
Performance of Cuban Phytopharmacologist that Showing Typical Dances.
15
FAPRONATURA 2006
Room of Lectures
Hotel Blau-Varadero
Simposio: Efectos Comportamentales y Cognitivos de Nutracéuticos.
Extractos Herbales en Humanos / Symposium: Behavioral and Cognitive
Effects of Nutraceuticals. Herbal Extracts in Humans
Andrea Zangara, UK & Olga Castañeda, Cuba.
Lecture 06
09:00-09:20
Andrew Scholey, Northumbria University, UK. Effects of Natural Products on
Effortful Mental Processing.
Lecture 07
09:25-09:45
Brian Saxby, CDR House, UK. The Effects of Galantamine on Attention in the
Dementias.
Lecture 08
09:50-10:10
Lecture 09
10:15-10:35
CO 18
10:40-10:50
CO 19
11:55-11:05
CO 20
11:10-11:25
11:30-11:45
Ed Okello, Newcastle University, UK. Phytotherapeutical Approaches for
Alzheimer's Disease.
Silvia Maggini and Michael Ruf, Bayer Consumer Care AG, Switzerland. The
Role of Vitamins and Minerals in Mental Performance.
Mo Zhi Xian, Southern Medical University, China. Effects of Rhynchophylline on
Rat Cortical Neurons Stressed by Methamphetamine.
Zoriah Aziz, University of Malaya, Malaysia. The Discriminative Stimulus
Properties of Mitragyna speciosa Extract in Rats.
Bohdan W. Wasilewski. Medical Centre for Postgraduate Education,
Psychosomatic Institute, Poland. Behavioural and Therapeutic Effects of Ignatia
amara Containing Complex Homeopathic Remedies.
Salas / Rooms
1,2,3
11:50-13:30
SALA 1 /
ROOM 1
11:50-13:30
COMUNICACIONES ORALES / ORAL COMMUNICATIONS:
Simposio: Investigación Pre-clínica en Productos Naturales / Symposium:
Pre-clinical Research in Natural Products.
Odalys Blanco, Cuba & Guy Haegeman, Belgium.
CO-21
11:50-12:00
Odalys Blanco-Hidalgo, National Centre for Animal and Plant Heath, Cuba.
Surfacen and SP-A: Preclinical Research in ARDS.
CO-22
12:05-12:15
Muhammad Zafarullah, University of Montreal, Canada. Curcumin,
Nordihydrguiaretic Acid, Quercetin and Resveratrol Inhibit Interleukin-1-induced
ADAMTS-4 (aggrecanase-1) Gene Expression by in Articular Chondrocytes:
Natural Products as Potential Anti-arthritic Agents.
CO-23
12:20-12:35
Guy Haegeman, University of Ghent, Belgium. A Novel, Fully Dissociated
Compound of Plant Origin for Inflammatory Gene Repression
CO-24
12:40-12:55
Sergey Popov, Komi Science Centre, Russia. Isolation, Characterization and
Immunomodulating Effect of Pectic Polysaccharides
CO-25
13:00-13:10
CO-26
13:15-13:25
Liselotte Krenn, University of Vienna, Austria. Chemical and Pharmacological
Investigations of Metaxya rostrata
Mieczyslaw Pokorski. Medical Research Center, Polish Academy Sciences,
Poland. Ascorbate And Hypoxic Respiratory Reactivity.
ALMUERZO / LUNCH
13:30-14:30
16
FAPRONATURA 2006
SALA 2 /
ROOM 2
11:50-13:30
Symposio: Evaluación Farmacológica en Productos Naturales / Symposium:
Pharmacological Evaluation of Natural Products.
Zullyt Zamora, Cuba & Julia Serkedjieva, Bulgaria.
CO-27
11:50-12:00
Julia Serkedjieva, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria. A Plant
Polyphenol Extract Ameliorates the Dysfunctions of Alveolar Macrophages in
Influenza Virus-infected Mice.
CO-28
12:05-12:15
Zullyt Zamora, Ozone Research Center, Cuba. Ozone Oxidative Preconditioning
Reduce Multiorgan Damage and Stimulate Antioxidant System in Peritoneal
Sepsis Induced in Rats.
CO-29
12:20-12:35
Rao Zahid Abbas, University of Agriculture, Pakistan. Anticoccidial Screening
of Azadirachta indica (Neem) in Broilers.
CO-30
12:40-12:55
Abdul Manan Mat Jais, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia. Commercialization
of Haruan Channa striatus Biomedical Products
CO-31
13:15-13:25
José L. Martínez, Managing Editor of BLACPMA, Chile. History of LatinAmerican and Caribbean Bulletin of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (BLACPMA).
13:30-14:30
ALMUERZO / LUNCH
11:50-13:30
SALA 3 /
ROOM 3
Simposio: Acción Cardiovascular de Productos Naturales / Symposium:
Cardiovascular Action of Natural Products.
Milagros Garcia, Cuba & Olga Pechanova, Slovak.
CO-32
11:50-12:05
Milagros Garcia, Institute of Angiology, Cuba. Natural Antiplatelet Agents.
CO-33
12:10-12:25
Daniela Costa, University of Minho, Portugal. Evaluation of Platelet Antiaggregant Effect of Hypericum perforatum Extracts and Isolated Compounds.
CO-34
12:30-12:45
Tatu A. Miettinen, Biomedicum/Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
Serum Squalene and Non-Cholesterol Sterols Related to Cholesterol Synthesis
and Absorption in Type 2 Diabetes.
CO-35
12:50-13:05
Olga Pechanova, Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Slovak.
Red Wine Polyphenols Prevent Cardiovascular Alterations in Experimental
Hypertension: Molecular Mechanism.
CO-36
13:10-13:25
Nesrin Kartal-Özer, Marmara University, Turkey. Vitamin E Prevents Foam Cell
Formation and Development of Atherosclerosis.
13:30-14:30
ALMUERZO / LUNCH
17
FAPRONATURA 2006
15:00-18:00
Actividades Recreativas y Libre Intercambio entre Delegados. / Recreational
18:30-20:20
CENA / DINNER
20:30-21:30
20:30-21:30
Discusión de Carteles (P091-P177) e Intercambio Científico. Presentación Oral (5
min) de Carteles Seleccionados / Poster discusión (P091-P177) and Scientific
Exchange. Oral Presentation (5 min) of Selected Posters.
Presentación del Centro de Toxicologia y Biomedicina de Santiago de Cuba.
Perpectivas de Desarrollo en las Investigaciones con Productos Naturales. /
Presentation of Center of Toxicological and Biomedical Investigation of Santiago
de Cuba. Development Perspectives in the Investigations with Natural Products.
CO-37
Delegados de TOXIMED, Santiago de Cuba. / Delegates from TOXIMED,
Santiago de Cuba.
21:00-21:30
Reunión del Comité Editorial del Boletin Latinoamericano y Caribeño de Plantas
Medicinales y Aromáticas (BLACPMA) / Meeting of the Editorial Committee of the
Latin-American and Caribbean Bulletin of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants
(BLACPMA).
21:30-23:30
Música Cubana. Saludos Especiales a Delegados / Cuban Music. Special
Greetings to Delegates.
18
FAPRONATURA 2006
Room of Lectures
Hotel Blau-Varadero
Simposio: Biodiversidad Marina Caribeña como Fuente de Nuevos
Compuestos de Interés Biomédico y otras Aplicaciones Industriales. /
Symposium: Caribbean Marine Biodiversity as a Source of New Compounds
of Biomedical Interest and others Industrial Applications
Roberto Nuñez, Cuba & Anoland Garateix, Cuba.
Patrocinadores / Sponsors
Center of Marine Bioproducts (CEBIMAR), Cuban Society of Pharmacology,
Cátedra Latinoamericana de Cerebro y Productos Naturales (LANBIO, AFASSA)
Lecture 10
09:00-09:20
José Espinosa, Institute of Oceanology, Cuba. Caribbean Marine Biodiversity.
Lecture 11
09:25-09:45
Armando Rodríguez, Center of Marine Bioproducts, Cuba. Peptides Obtained
from Marine Organisms Useful for Biomedical Research.
Lecture 12
09:50-10:10
Abilio Laguna, Center of Marine Bioproducts, Cuba. Chemistry Diversity of
Compounds Obtained from Marine Macro Organisms.
Lecture 13
10:15-10:35
Mirtha Llanio, Center of Marine Bioproducts, Cuba. Anti-Inflammatory,
Analgesic and Anti-Oxidant Obtained from Marine Source: Reality and Future.
Lecture 14
10:40-11:00
Olga Valdés, Center of Marine Bioproducts, Cuba. Extracts From Caribbean
Seaweeds as Potential Antitumourals.
Lecture 15
11:05-11:25
Anoland Garateix, Center of Marine Bioproducts, Cuba. Marine Organisms as
Sources of Neuropharmacologically Active Compounds.
11:30-11:45
11:50-13:30
Continuación del Simposio y COMUNICACIONES ORALES / Continuation of
Symposium and ORAL COMMUNICATIONS
Salas/Rooms
1,2,3
Segunda Parte / Second Part:
SALA 1 /
ROOM 1
Simposio: Biodiversidad Marina Caribeña… / Symposium: Caribbean Marine
Biodiversity…
Lecture 16
11:50-12:10
Lecture 17
12:15-12:35
Lecture 18
12:40-12:55
Lecture 19
13:00-13:25
13:30-14:30
Olga Castañeda, University of Havana, Cuba. Agonist Ligands of Neural
NACHR in Low Molecular Weight Fractions from the Tentacles Extract of the
Pelagic Coelenterate Colony Physalia physalis.
Eudalys Ortiz, Center of Marine Bioproducts, Cuba. Compounds with
Pharmacological Activity Obtained from Marine Micro-Organisms.
Roberto Núñez, Center of Marine Bioproducts, Cuba. Results of The
Bioremediation Studies Developed at CEBIMAR and its Applications.
Abilio Laguna, Center of Marine Bioproducts, Cuba. Cosmetics Obtained From
The Sea. A Cuban Experience.
ALMUERZO / LUNCH
19
FAPRONATURA 2006
SALA 2 /
ROOM 2
11:50-13:30
Symposio: Actividad Anticancerígena en Productos Naturales / Symposium:
Anticancer Activity in Natural Products
Rosanna Baez, Cuba & Gerda Fouche, South Africa.
CO-38
11:50-12:00
Ursula Elsässer-Beile, University of Freiburg, Germany. Immunological Effects
of an Echinacea purpurea Extract in Patients with Breast Cancer.
CO-39
12:05-12:15
Gerda Fouche, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, South Africa.
Investigation of South African Plants for Anti-cancer Properties.
CO-40
12:20-12:30
Patrick Buehler, University of Freiburg, Germany. Intravesical Mistletoe Extract
for Adjuvant Treatment of Superficial Urinary Bladder Cancer.
CO-41
12:35-12:45
Rosanna Baez, Medical Sciences Faculty of Ciego de Ávila, Cuba. Antitumoral
and Antimetastatic Evaluation of the Bromelina Obtained from Stems of Pineapple
(Ananas comosus (L) Merrill).
CO-42
12:50-13:00
Rongmin Yu, Jinan University, China. Isolation and Characterization of
Cytotoxic Polypeptides from Marine Organism GYRM-12s.
CO-43
13:05-13-15
Peter Taylor, Venezuelan Institute of Scientific Investigations, Venezuela.
Cytotoxic and Antitumour Activities of Venezuelan Plant Extracts in vitro and in
vivo.
13:20-14:30
ALMUERZO / LUNCH
SALA 3 /
ROOM 3
Symposio: Seguridad, Interacciones y Reacciones Adversas de Productos
Naturales / Symposium: Safety, Interactions and Adverse Reactions of
Natural Products
Giset Jimenez, Cuba & Fabio Firenzuoli, Italy.
CO-44
11:50-12:05
Fabio Firenzuoli, San Giuseppe Hospital, Italy. Cimicifuga racemosa radix
Hepatic Safety
CO-45
12:10-12:25
Brent Bauer, Mayo Clinic, USA. Herbs and Dietary Supplements and How They
Are Used in the US. Applications for Arthritis, Depression, and Drug-Herb
Interactions.
CO-46
12:30-12:45
Harpal S. Buttar, Therapeutic Products Directorate, Health Canada, Canada.
Drug-Herbal/Food Interactions Counseling Can Reduce the Adverse Events in
Sensitive Patient Populations.
CO-47
12:50-13:05
Dulce M. Calvo, Pharmacoepidemiology Development Center, Cuba.
Therapeutic Consultation Service: An Information Source about Natural Products.
CO-48
13:10-13:25
Giset Jiménez, Pharmacoepidemiology Development Center, Cuba. Three
Years of Follow up of Suspect Adverse Drug Reactions with Herbal and Traditional
Products in Cuba
13:30-14:30
ALMUERZO / LUNCH
20
FAPRONATURA 2006
15:00-18:00
Actividades Recreativas y Libre Intercambio entre Delegados / Recreational
18:30-20:30
CENA / DINNER
CO-49
20:30-21:00
CO-50
21:00-21:30
Ulises Jáuregui, Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Cuba. Presentación del
Centro de Química Farmacéutica. Estrategias de Investigación y Desarrollo en
Productos Naturales. / Presentation of Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry.
Strategies of Research & Development in Natural Products.
Jorge E. Rodríguez-Chanfrau, Drug Research and Development Center,
Cuba. Presentación del Centro de Investigaciones y Desarrollo de Medicamentos.
Estrategias Científicas en Productos Naturales. / Drug Research and Development
Center. Scientific Strategy in Natural Products.
ACTIVIDAD DE DESPEDIDA / FAREWELL ACTIVITY
21:30-23:00
21
FAPRONATURA 2006
Room of Lectures
PLENARY of CLOSING
Hotel Blau-Varadero
Francisco Morón & Evangelina Marrero, Cuba.
Plenary
Lecture 05
09:00-09:30
Francisco Morón, Faculty of Medicine “Salvador Allende”, Cuba. The Cuban
Program of Medicinal Plant of the Ministry of Heath. A Reality and a Challenge for
the Growing Development of the Pharmacology of the Natural Products.
Plenary
Lecture 06
09:35-10:00
Evangelina Marrero, National Centre for Animal and Plant Heath, Cuba.
Phytopharmaceuticals: Veterinary and Human Novel Therapeutic Tools.
Plenary
Lecture 07
10:05-10:35
Jean-Jacques Dugoua, Toronto Western Hospital, Canada. Safety and Efficacy
of Commonly Used Herbs, Vitamins and Supplements During Pregnancy and
Lactation – An Evidence-Based Systematic Review.
Plenary
Lecture 08
10:40-11:10
José María Prieto, University of London, UK. Cannabis: A Traditional
Herbal Medicine Back into the Pharmacy
11:15-11:30
Plenary
Lecture 09
11:35-12:05
Semir Omar, Health Canada, Canada. Pre-market Assessment of Natural Health
Products in Canada.
Plenary
Lecture 10
12:10-12:40
Diadelis Remírez, National Centre of the State Quality Control of Drugs,
Cuba. Regulatory Status of Herbal Medicines in Cuba.
12:45-13:15
CONFERENCIA DE CLAUSURA / CLOSING CONFERENCE
13:20-13:30
Santiago de Cuba Delegation. Relatoría de las Principales Actividades
Desarrolladas durante FAPRONATURA 2006 / Summary of Principal Activities
Developed during FAPRONATURA 2006.
René Delgado, Cuban Society of Pharmacology, Cuba. Premios y
Reconocimientos de la Sociedad Cubana de Farmacología a los Mejores Trabajos
Presentados en FAPRONATURA 2006 / Awards and Recognitions of the Cuban
Society of Pharmacology to the Best Works Presented in FAPRONATURA 2006.
13:30-14:30
ALMUERZO / LUNCH
16:00
Salida / Departure
22
FAPRONATURA 2006
20:30-21:30
P001-P090
P001
P002
P003
P004
P005
P006
P007
P008
P009
P010
P011
P012
20:30-21:30
Discusión de Carteles e Intercambio Científico. Presentación Oral (5 min) de
Carteles Seleccionados / Poster Discussion and Scientific Exchange. Oral
Presentation (5 min) of Selected Posters.
Casado C, Gutiérrez Y, Miranda M, Garcia G. Havana University, Cuba. Murraya paniculata, AN
ALTERNATIVE OF THE NATURAL AND TRADITIONAL MEDICINE TO THE DOORS OF THE
PHYTOTHERAPY.
Verzelloni E, Russo F, Agostini G, Manica P, Conte A. University of Pisa, Italy. SERUM HEAT
SHOCK PROTEINS SERUM HYALURONIDASE AND URINARY GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS IN
GONARTHROSIC PATIENTS TREATED WITH GRASS THERMAL THERAPY
Patacchioli FR, Monnazzi P, Simeoni S, Colorisco G, De Filippis S, and Martelletti P. University of
Rome La Sapienza, Italy. STRESS HORMONES IN CHRONIC MIGRAINE ARE MODULATED BY
BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE A
Santos VR, França EC, Oliveira RR, Cortés ME, Brandão MGL. College of Odontologia, Federal
University of Minas Gerais, Brazil. SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ORAL PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS
TO ESSENTIAL OILS OF BRAZILIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS.
Schwambach CW, França EC, Oliveira RR, Cortés ME, Brandão MGL, Santos VR. College of
Odontologia, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil. SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ORAL PATHOGENS
MICROORGANISMS TO Casearia sylvestris AND Stryphnodendron adstringens EXTRACTS
Lima MEL, Cordeiro I, Young MCM, Sobral MEG, Moreno PRH. University of Sāo Paulo, Brazil.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL FROM TWO SPECIMENS OF Pimenta
pseudocaryophyllus (Gomes) L. R. Landrum (MYRTACEAE) NATIVE FROM SÃO PAULO STATE –
BRAZIL
Apel MA, Lima MEL, Souza A, Cordeiro I, Young MCM, Sobral MEG, Suffredini IB, Moreno PRH.
University of Sāo Paulo, Brazil. SCREENING OF THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY FROM ESSENTIAL
OILS OF NATIVE SPECIES FROM THE ATLANTIC RAIN FOREST (SÃO PAULO – BRAZIL)
Baró-Suárez M, Pedroso-Iglesias R, Menéndez-Hernández J, Domerego R, Cherbuliez T, Armestodel Río M, Hernández-Rubiera J, Llano-Labrador B, De La Rosa-Rodríguez M, Pérez-Piñero A,
Prado-González GL, Lazo M, González-Delgado JP. Finlay Institute, Cuba. THERAPEUTIC
BENEFITS OF TWO FORMULATIONS OF AROMIELES AND ONE FORMULATION OF PROPOMIEL
Echemendía OA, Almora E, Martínez I, Fidalgo O, González K, González JA, Lago V. Finlay
Institute, Cuba. ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF A PRODUCT ISOLATED FROM Zanthoxylum
elephantiasis
Perera-Córdova WH, González-Mesa L, Payo-Hill AL, Nogueiras-Lima C, Oquendo-Suárez M and
Sarduy-Domínguez R. Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática, Cuba. ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF
EXTRACTS AND FLAVONOIDS ISOLATED FROM LEAVES OF Pluchea carolinensis (JACQ.) G. DON.
Chevalier P, Nogueiras C. Universidad del Deporte, Camagüey, Cuba. ENDEMIC Phyllanthus OF
CUBA. MEDICAL POTENTIALITIES
Jaramillo C, Mora C, Bravo K, Muñoz K, Arango G, Quijano J. Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia.
ESTUDIO TEORICO DE COMPUESTOS AROMATICOS CON ACTIVIDAD INHIBITORIA DE LA
FORMACION DE β-HEMATINA
23
FAPRONATURA 2006
P013
P014
P015
P016
P017
P018
P019
P020
P021
P022
P023
P024
P025
P026
P027
P028
P029
P030
Setzer W, Schmidt J, Noletto J, Vogler B. University of Alabama, USA. LEAF OIL COMPOSITIONS
AND BIOACTIVITIES OF ABACO BUSH MEDICINES
Setzer W, Takaku S, Stokes S, Penton A. University of Alabama, USA. INHIBITION OF CRUZAIN BY
Ocotea LEAF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM MONTEVERDE, COSTA RICA
León-Díaz R, Meckes Fisher M, Luna-Herrera J, Said-Fernández S, Molina-Salinas G, JiménezArellanes A. IMSS, México. TOXICIDAD DE NEOLIGNANOS AISLADOS DE Aristolochia taliscana
CON ACTIVIDAD ANTIMICOBACTERIANA
Jiménez-Arellanes A, Martinez R, León Díaz R, Luna J, Said-Fernández S, Molina-Salinas G,
Meckes M. IMSS, México. POTENCIAL ANTITUBERCULOSO DE LA ESPECIE MEDICINAL Thymus
vulgaris
Cornejo-Garrido J, Jimenez-Arellanes A, Meckes-Fischer M, Rojas-Bibriesca G, Nicasio-Torres P,
Tortoriello-García J, Said-Fernandez S, Mata-García B. IMSS, México. POTENCIAL
FARMACOLÓGICO DE LA ESPECIE Rubus liebmanii MICROPROPAGADA Y BIOMASA DE CALLO
Muñoz K, Fernandez G, Alzate F, Arango G, Segura C, Bravo K. Universidad de Antioquia,
Colombia. INHIBITION OF A SPECIFIC ANTIMALARIAL MOLECULAR TARGET AND CORELATION
WITH THE ACTIVITY AGAINST P. falciparum AS SELECTION CRITERIA OF POTENTIAL
ANTIMALARIALS FROM NATURAL SOURCES
Jaramillo MC, Mora CL, Vélez LE, Arango GJ. Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia. EVALUACION
BIOLOGICA DE COMPUESTOS AROMATICOS COMO INHIBIDORES DE Beta-LACTAMASA
Osorio E, Brun R, Viladomat F, Codina C, Cabezas F and Bastida J. Universidad de Antioquia,
Colombia. In vitro ANTIPROTOZOAL ACTIVITY OF ALKALOIDS FROM Phaedranassa dubia
(AMARYLLIDACEAE)
Clavin M, Yardley V, Croft S, Anke T & Martino V. Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
ANTIPROTOZOAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL ASSAY GUIDED FRACTIONATION OF Eupatorium
arnottianum EXTRACTS
Vivot E, Muñoz JD, Herrero I, Dragán A and Sequin C. Universidad Nacional Entre Ríos, Argentina.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF DICHLOROMETHANE EXTRACTS OF ELEVEN PLANTS FROM THE
FLORA OF ENTRE RÍOS (ARGENTINA)
Rando DG, Ferreira EI, Avery MA. Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil. ANTI-CHAGASIC AND
ANTIMALARIAL ACTIVITY OF 5-NITRO- HETEROCYCLIC BENHYDRAZIDE DERIVATIVES
OBTAINED BY PARALLEL SYNTHESIS
González-Lavaut JA, Prieto-González S, Garrido-Garrido G, García-Torres M, González-Guevara
JL, González-García K, Monteagudo-Borges R, Rivas-de la Vega Y, Gordo-Alvarez O, EchemendíaArana OA, Pino-Rodríguez S. Centre of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,Cuba. ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY Of
CUBAN VEGETABLE SPECIES
Monteagudo-Borges R, García-Torres M, Hidalgo-Perera O, Echemendía-Arana OA, BolañosQueral G, Lago-Abascal V, González-Lavaut JA and González-Guevara J. Finlay Institute, Cuba.
ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTACTS FROM Erythroxylum GENUS AGAINST
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2
García-Torres M, Monteagudo-Borges R, Fidalgo-Perera O, Echemendía-Arana OA, BolañosQueral G, Lago-Abascal V, Almora-Hernández E, González-Guevara J and González-Lavaut JA.
Finlay Institute, Cuba. EVALUATION OF ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF FRACTIONS FROM Erythroxylum
minutifolium AGAINST HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2
Megret R, Torres MA. Oriente University, Cuba. ANTIOXIDANT EVALUATION IN VIVO OF Spirulina
platensis
Megret R, Torres MA. Oriente University, Cuba. SCAVENGER THE REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES
BY Spirulina platensis
Delaporte RH, Sarragiotto MH, Takemura OS, Sánchez GM, Pérez Davison G, Filho BPD, Nakamura
CV. Havana University, Cuba. EVALUATION OF THE ANTIOEDEMATOGENIC, FREE RADICAL
SCAVENGING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF AERIAL PARTS OF Tillandsia streptocarpa
(BROMELIACECEAE)
González TL, Abreu P, Matthew S, Costa D, Segundo M and Fernandes E. Oriente University,
24
FAPRONATURA 2006
P031
P032
P033
P034
P035
P036
P037
P038
P039
P040
P041
P042
P043
P044
P045
P046
P047
P048
P049
Cuba. BIOASSAY-GUIDED ISOLATION OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY COMPOUNDS
FROM Pedilanthus tithymaloides
Anesini C, Turner S, Mauele MG, Ferraro G, and Filip R. IQUIMEFA-CONICET, Argentina.
PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF CAFFEINE ISOLATED FROM Ilex paraguariensis ON
PEROXIDASE SECRETION IN RAT SUBMANDIBULARY GLANDS
Pardo-Andreu GL, Ávila R, Delgado R. Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Cuba. MANGIFERIN
INTERACTION WITH MITOCHONDRIAL PROTEIN THIOL GROUPS AND GLUTATHIONE.
THERAPEUTIC POTENTIALITIES
Pardo-Andreu GL, Sánchez-Baldoquín C, Ávila-González R, Delgado R, Naal Z, Curti C. Center of
Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Cuba. MANGIFERIN- FE(III) COMPLEX: CHEMICAL EVIDENCE,
SUPEROXIDE SCAVENGING ACTIVITY AND CYTOPROTECTION
Nikolic J, Kocic G, Jevtovic-Stojmenov T. University of Nis, Serbia. EFFECT OF BIOFLAVONOID
LESPEFLAN ON XANTHINE OXIDASE ACTIVITY IN MERCURY CHLORIDE TOXICITY
Rodríguez CC, Martínez G, Canell Y, Safonts L. LABIOFAM, Cuba. ACUTE TOXICITY,
HYPOGLUCEMIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF Allophylus cominia (L) sw.
Pérez MR, Guevara I, López Y, Martínez G, Merino N, Álvarez D, León OS. LABIOFAM, Cuba.
ANTIOXIDANT PROTECTION OF Musa paradisiaca EXTRACT. (AcitanÒ) IN GASTRIC MUCOSAL
INJURY INDUCED BY INDOMETHACIN IN RATS.
Nebel S, Leonti M, Nilsson H & Heinrich M. University of London, UK. LOCAL MEDITERRANEAN
FOOD AS A SOURCE OF NOVEL ANTI-OXIDANTS
Verzelloni E, Tagliazucchi D, Panicucci E, Conte A. University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES AND THE PHENOLIC AND
FLAVONOID CONTENT IN TRADITIONAL BALSAMIC VINEGAR
Jendeková L, Kojsová S, Pechánová O. Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Slovak.
VASORELAXATION RESPONSES INDUCED BY RED WINE POLYPHENOLS: THE ROLE OF NITRIC
OXIDE
Pechánová O, Zenebe W, Andriantsitohaina R. Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology,
Slovak. THE PREVENTIVE EFFECT OF ACETOVANILLONE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF
BORDERLINE AND SPONTANEOUS HYPERTENSION
Şener G, Tavşu F, Çetinel Ş, Yeğen BÇ. Marmara University, Turkey. LYCOPENE PROTECTS
AGAINST BURN- INDUCED OXIDATIVE SKIN INJURY IN RATS
García L, Abajo C, del Campo J, Mitjans M, Marrero E and Vinardell MP. CENSA, Cuba.
ANTIOXIDANT EFFECT OF LIGMED- A ON HUMANE ERITHROCYTES in vitro
Gonçalves RT, Lima RD, Abreu ACA, Jeffreys MF, Pereira Jr. OL, Nunez CV. Instituto Nacional de
Pesquisas da Amazônia, Brazil. CUANTIFICACIÓN DE LA ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE DE
COUSSAPOA Asperifolia magnifolia (TRÉCUL) AKKERMANS & C.C. BERG (CECROPIACEAE) Y
Brosimum parinarioides DUCKE (MORACEAE)
Montoya G, Londoño J, Osorio E, Jaramillo C, Yassin L, Aarango G. Universidad de Antioquia,
Colombia. MECANISMO DE LA ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE Y ANTIATEROGÉNICA DE
MONOTERPENOS AROMÁTICOS: CARVACROL, TIMOL Y DERIVADOS HEMISINTÉTICOS
de la Paz J, Larionova M, Maceira MA, Borrego SF, Echevarría E. Archivo Nacional de la República
de Cuba, Cuba. CONTROL OF BIODERIORATION USING A FRACTION ISOLATED FROM LEAFS OF
Ricinus commmunis Linn
Guiamet P, Gómez de Saravia S, Arenas P, Battistoni P and Pérez ML, de la Paz J, Borrego S.
Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina. RATIONAL USE OF NATURAL PRODUCTS OF
VEGETABLE ORIGIN IN THE CONTROL OF BIODETERIORATION
Del Toro G, Trapero YM. Oriente University, Cuba. NATURAL AND TRADITIONAL MEDICINE IN THE
MODERN SYSTEM OF PUBLIC HEALTH. BIOETICS ASPECTS
Aguila M, Pérez I, Hernández A, Rodríguez A, Batista J, Acosta N. ISCM Camaguey, Cuba.
EFFICACY OF GARLIC CAPSULES IN THE STABLE CHEST ANGINA
Vogler B, Cholewa L, Schmidt J, Setzer W. University of Alabama, USA. CYTOTOXIC FLAVONOIDS
25
FAPRONATURA 2006
P050
P051
P052
P053
P054
P055
P056
P057
P058
P059
P060
P061
P062
P063
P064
P065
P066
P067
P068
FROM THE BARK OF Lonchocarpus haberi FROM MONTEVERDE, COSTA RICA
Muñoz K, Sierra J, Londoño J, Arango G, Arenas J, Mira L, Ochoa J. Universidad de Antioquia,
Colombia. SCREENING BIOACTIVES FROM VEGETAL SOURCES AS POTENTIAL SKIN
LIGHTENING AGENTS USING AN ENZYMATIC MODEL OF TYROSINASE INHIBITION,
CORRELATIONS AMONGST ACTIVITY, PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS CONTENT AND CYTOTOXICITY
Londoño J, Arango G, Ramírez R. Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia. BÚSQUEDA RACIONAL DE
INHIBIDORES DE LA ENZIMA TRANSPORTADORA DE ESTERES DE COLESTERILO (CETP) COMO
POTENCIALES ANTIATEROGÉNICOS QUE MODIFIQUEN EL PERFIL HDL/LDL
Fleitas A, Derivet Ml, Simón M, Rodríguez G, Concepción BI. Instituto Nacional de Angiología y
Cirugía Vascular, Cuba. EFFECT OF (FZ) GLICOLIT ON KINETIC OF ABSORPTION OF LABELED
14C GLUCOSE IN WISTAR RATS
Fleitas AS. Instituto Nacional de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular, Cuba. DEVELOPMENT OF A
NATURAL SUBSTANCE AS AN ANTI-HIPERGLICEMIANT DRUG FOR GLICEMIC CONTROL IN
DIABETIC PATIENTS
Badria FA, Abou-Seif M, Osama M, and Ahmed AF. Mansoura University, Egypt. EVALUATION OF
THE HYPOGLYCEMIC EFFECT AND MECHANISM OF ACTION OF Balanites aegyptiaca ON
STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
Ortiz-Andrade RR, Castillo-España P, Sánchez-Salgado JC, Villalobos-Molina R, Ramírez-Ávila G y
Estrada-Soto S. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, México. EFECTO ANTIDIABETICO
DE Cochlospermum vitifolium y Tournefortia hartwegiana: AGENTES ANTIHIPERGLICEMICOS VIA
INHIBICION DE ALFA- GLUCOSIDASAS INTESTINALES
Erazo JC, Aguilar L, Aranda E y Nicasio P. IMSS, México. ACTIVIDAD Y CONTENIDO DE
COMPUESTOS HIPOGLUCEMIANTES DE DOS ESPECIES CONOCIDAS COMO “GUARUMBO”:
Cecropia peltata Y Cecropia obtusifolia
Jabbar-Shah A, Usman IS, Hassan-Gilani A. The Aga Khan University Medical College, Pakistan.
PRESENCE OF SPASMOLYTIC CONSTITUENTS IN Gratiola officinalis
Iglesias E, Herrera R, Ferrándiz D, León MC, Turiño J, Ramírez A. ISCM Camaguey, Cuba.
PRECLINIC STUDIES OF THREE DIURETIC PLANTS OF TRADITIONAL USE IN CUBA
Boffill M, Lorenzo G, Monteagudo E, Sueiro M, Matos J. ISCM Villa Clara, Cuba. DIURETIC
ACTIVITY OF FIVE MEDICINAL PLANTS USED POPULARLY IN CUBA
Barreiro AV, Jacas J. LABEX, Cuba. PRECLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE DIURETICAL EFFECT OF
Lepidium virginicum L
Pérez I, Fields AM, Churches AND, Herrera R, Eagle M, García L. ISCM Camaguey, Cuba. ACUTE
TOXICITY AND DIURETIC EFFECT OF THE Commelina elegans H. B. K. (TUBE)
Pérez I, Olivera O, Reynaldo I, Batista J, Grinión LE, Pestano Y. ISCM Camaguey, Cuba. ACUTE
TOXICITY AND DIURETIC EFFECT DE Bryophyllum pinnatum LAM (EVERLASTING FLOWER)
León-Espinosa O, Ruiz-Calabuch H, Ramos-Torres L, León-Espinosa I, García-Rodríguez R. FCM
Sancti Spiritus, Cuba. THE VIRTUAL UNIVERSITY IN THE TEACHING OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY. A THREE YEARS’ EXPERIENCE
Contreras E, Castañeda S. UNAM, México. LA FARMACOLOGÍA EN EL CONTEXTO DEL
APRENDIZAJE DE LAS CIENCIAS BÁSICAS Y LA ORIENTACIÓN MOTIVACIONAL DEL ESTUDIANTE
Aguila L, García G. Policlínico Santo Domingo, Villa Clara, Cuba. PROPERTIES OF THE Aloe IN
THE RECURRENT STOMATITIS
Ferrándiz D, Padilla M, Iglesias E. ISCM Camaguey, Cuba. PRECLINICAL STUDIES OF A
STANDARDIZED EXTRACT OF THE Allium sativum L. TO 20% FOR ITS USE IN STOMATOLOGY
León-Espinosa O, Ruiz-Calabuch H, Ramos-Torres L, León-Espinosa I, Gonzalez-Valdivia G. FCM
Sancti Spiritus, Cuba. OPINIONS OF PATIENTS FROM SANCTI SPIRITUS AND LA SIERPE
MUNICIPALITIES ABOUT MEDICINAL HERBS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL DRUGS
León-Espinosa O, Ruiz-Calabuch H, Ramos-Torres L, León-Espinosa I, Gonzalez-Valdivia G. FCM
Sancti Spiritus, Cuba. KNOWLEDGE AND OPINIONS OF DOCTORS FROM SANCTI SPIRITUS AND
LA SIERPE MUNICIPALITIES ABOUT PHYTOTHERAPY
26
FAPRONATURA 2006
P069
P070
P071
P072
P073
P074
P075
P076
P077
P078
P079
P080
P081
P082
P083
P084
P085
P086
P087
P088
P089
Ricardo M, Valls AR. Empresa de Farmacia y Óptica Camaguey, Cuba. USE OF THE HERBALIST
TRADITIONAL MEDICINE IN THE MUNICIPALITY JIMAGUAYU OF CAMAGUEY
Pérez-Valerino DR, Espronceda-Reyes A. Finlay Institute, Cuba. EVALUATION OF CONSUME OF
MEDICINAL HERBS IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN THE HEALTH AREA OF RENE VALLEJO CLINIC,
BAYAMO CITY SINCE JANUARY TO MAY, 2006
Espronceda-Reyes A, Perez-Valerino DR. Dirección Provincial de Salud Granma, Cuba.
MEDICINAL PLANTS USED AGAINST ANTI- PARASITE DISEASES. EVALUATION OF ITS USE IN A
HEALTH AREA
Pérez de Arce R, Herrera C, Coria Y, Leal B, Probst U, Villena L, Norambuena F, León J, Curaqueo
R, Meza I, Barrera E, Martínez JL. Liceo de Aplicación, Universidad Iberoamericana de Ciencia y
Tecnología, Chile. ETHNOPHARMACOBOTANICAL STUDY OF A URBAN POPULATION AT THE
METROPOLITAN REGION OF CHILE
López M, Pérez M, Martin Y, Marrero R. Municipal Santo Domingo Farmacy, Villa Clara, Cuba. USE
AND KNOWLEDGE OF THE MEDICINAL PLANTS EMPLOYEES FOR THE TREATMENT OF THE
ACUTE DIARRHEIC ILLNESSES
López M, Santos M. Municipal Santo Domingo Farmacy, Villa Clara, Cuba. MEDICINAL PLANTS
AND PREGNANCE
Ferrer Y, Miranda M, García V. Havana University, Cuba. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE
PROFESSIONALS OF THE HEALTH AND THE POPULATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY LA LISA IN
RELATION TO THE KNOWLEDGE THAT POSSESS ON MEDICINAL PLANTS AND PHYTOTHERAPY
Lacoste MJ, Rodríguez Téllez S, López del Rosario G. Hospital Pediátrico Provincial Eduardo
Agramonte Piña, Cuba. NATURAL AND TRADITIONAL MEDICINE. ACCEPTANCE ON PEDIATRIC
PRACTICE
Griñan D, Saumell Y, Perdomo D, Ortiz L. ISCM Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. USE OF
PHYTOMEDICINES AT ¨GUSTAVO MACHIN¨ HOSPITAL
Saumell Y, Lores D, Griñan D, Perdomo D. ISCM Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. RATIONAL USE OF
DIETETIC SUPPLEMENTS
Melgarejo López N, Álvarez Bustamante G, Alonso Abad A. Centro de Medicina Tradicional y
Natural "Jesús Montané Oropesa", Cuba. PRACTICAL GUIDE FOR PHYTOTHERAPEUTIC
PRESCRIPTION IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
Marrero-Miragaya MA. CENCEC, Cuba. CLINICAL TRIALS IN MEDICINAL PLANTS
Pérez M, Cid M, Méndez R, Rodríguez M, Arboláez M. ISCM Villa Clara, Cuba. PROPOSAL OF
GUIDELINE FOR THE REALIZATION OF CLINICAL TRIAL PROTOCOLS WITH HERBAL DRUGS
Cedeño E, Sierra L. ISCM Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. GUIDE OF NATURAL MEDICATIONS FOR THE
FAMILY ´S USE
González Y, Boffill MA, Bermúdez D, Castillo O, Iglesias N. ISCM Villa Clara, Cuba. EFFECTS OF
Solanum melongena AND Plantago major EXTRACTS ON HUMAN ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANES
Tagliazucchi D, Verzelloni E, Ghelardoni S, Pini E, Maltinti S, Ronca G, Conte A. University of Pisa,
Italy. EFFECT OF CHAIN LENGTH AND ALDEHYDIC FUNCTION ON SOME BIOLOGICAL
PROPERTIES OF PARROPOLYENES
Aznar GE, González HR, Catalá M, Barroso E, González M, Díaz BY. Biocen, Cuba. CLINICAL TRIAL
OF NATURAL PRODUCTS TROFIN/BIOTROFER FOR THE TREATMENT OF ANEMIA IN CANCER
PATIENTS.
González HR, Aznar GE. Biocen, Cuba. IRON ABSORTION AND EFFICACY THE ANTIANEMICS IR
TROFIN/BIOTROFER AND DIFFERENT FORMULATIONS
Velasco R, González C, Tapia R, Román R. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa,
México. HEMATOPOIETIC ACTIVITY OF Smilax aristolochiaefolia IN VITRO AND VIVO
Gori L, Firenzuoli F, Lombardo G. Centre of Natural Medicine, San Giuseppe Hospital, Italy. Ginkgo
biloba SAFETY ISSUE: COAGULATION
Janega P, Líšková S, Uličná O, Vančová O, Greksák M, Babál P, Pechánová O. Institute of Normal
and Pathological Physiology, Slovack. EFFECT OF ROOIBOS TEA ON LIVER DAMAGE INDUCED
BY EXPERIMENTAL TOXIC INJURY
27
FAPRONATURA 2006
P090
Ozel Y, Dulundu E, Topalaoglu U, Toklu H, Gedik N, Ercan F, Şener G. Marmara University, Turkey.
HEPATIC FIBROSIS IN BILIARY- OBSTRUCTED RATS IS PREVENTED BY GRAPE SEED EXTRACT
TREATMENT
20:30-21:30
P091-P177
P091
P092
P093
P094
P095
P096
P097
P098
P099
P100
P101
P102
P103
P104
20:30-21:30
Discusión de Carteles e Intercambio Científico. Presentación Oral (5 min) de
Carteles Seleccionados / Poster Discussion and Scientific Exchange. Oral
Presentation (5 min) of Selected Posters.
Guzmán EA, Segura D, Vázquez B. UNAM, México. EFECTO DE LOS ALCALOIDES DE Heimia
salicifolia (H.B.K.) LINK SOBRE LA PRESIÓN ARTERIAL
Lorenzana-Jiménez M, García X, Gijón E y Magos Guerrero G A. UNAM, México. ESTUDIO
FITOQUIMICO DEL EXTRACTO METANOLICO DE STROTHANTHUS VENETUS EN EL SISTEMA
CARDIOVASCULAR DE LA RATA ANESTESIADA
Aguila L, García G. Policlínico Santo Domingo, Villa Clara, Cuba. USE OF HOMEOPATHY IN
PATIENT WITH STOMATOLOGIC AFFECTIONS
Perdomo-Delgado J, González-Pla E and Perdomo-Álvarez N. CEPROMENT “Dr. Mario E. Dihigo”,
Cuba. PHYTOPHARMACEUTICALS ON HOMEOPATHIC CLINICAL PRACTICE
Cedeño E, Benítez G, Sierra L. ISCM Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. BACH`S FLOWER THERAPY IN MILD
INTERMMITTENT BROCHIAL ASTHMA
Rodríguez de la Torre E. Sociedad Cubana de Hipnosis, Cuba. FLORAL PRESCRIPTION
DETECTION BY KINESEOLOGY
Ochoa-Pacheco A, Gross-Fernández C, Armas-Corría A and Gutiérrez-Fonseca YG. Oriente
University, Cuba. PRECLINICAL PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF A SOFT EXTRACT AND
OINTMENTS OF Petiveria alliacea L
Martorell-González N, Torres-Hernández MR. Policlínico Universitario "Dr. Jorge Ruiz Ramírez",
Cuba. ANTIRUST VITAMIN DEFICIENCY IN DIET OF ADOLESCENTS LIKE RISK FACTOR OF
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Vidal R, Vidal E. Universidad de Granma, Cuba. ERIDAL®. ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY
OINTMENT MADE OUT OF OIL EXTRACTS FROM LEMMON GRASS (Cymbopogon citratus)
Ledón N, Casacó A, Remírez D, González A, Cruz J, González R, Capote A, Tolón Z, Rojas E,
Rodríguez VJ, Merino N, Rodríguez S, Ancheta O, Cano M. Centro de Inmunología Molecular,
Cuba. EFFECTS OF A MIXTURE OF FATTY ACIDS FROM SUGAR CANE (Saccharum officinarum L.)
WAX OIL IN INFLAMMATION
Peña D, Montes de Oca N, Rojas S, Parra A, García G. FCM Las Tunas, Cuba. PHARMACOLOGIAL
PRE-CLINICAL EVALUATION OF Isocarpha cubana BLAKE
Badria FA and Fathy El-Batoty M. Mansoura University, Egypt. APOPTOSIS AND FOODCONTAINING
COMPOUNDS:
THERAPEUTIC
STRATEGY
FOR
RHEUMATOID
AND
OSTEOARTHRITIS
Cisneros FJ & Jayo M. Charles River Laboratorios, USA. AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF Uncaria
tomentosa (CAT'S CLAW) AMELIORATES OZONE INDUCED INFLAMMATION
Llanio M, Fernández MD, Cabrera B, Bermejo P, Abad MJ, Payá M, Alcaraz MJ. CEBIMAR, Cuba.
THE MARINE PLANT Thalassia testudinum POSSESSES ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANALGESIC
PROPERTIES
28
FAPRONATURA 2006
P105
P106
P107
P108
P109
P110
P111
P112
P113
P114
P115
P116
P117
P118
P119
P120
P121
P122
Fernández MD, Llanio M, Cabrera B, Bermejo P, Abad MJ, Payá M and Alcaraz MJ. CEBIMAR,
Cuba. Stypopodium zonale: A MARINE ALGA WITH ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, ANALGESIC AND ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTS
Álvarez A, Sanchez C, Rodriguez J, Lemus Y, Jane A, Izquierdo M, Delgado R. Center of
Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Cuba. MONITORING OF INFLAMMATION ALLEGIC AND AIRWAY
REMODELING MARKERS IN TWO ASTHMATIC PATIENTS TREATED WITH VIMANG® CAPSULES
Delporte C, Torres V, Erazo S, Silva X, Negrete R, Muñoz O, Backhouse N. Chile University, Chile.
ACTIVIDAD ANTIINFLAMATORIA Y ANTIMICROBIANA DE Aristotelia chilensis, ESPECIE NATIVA
CHILENA
Erazo S, Backhouse N, García R, Zaldívar M, Negrete R, Belmonte E, San Martín A, Rojas O,
Delporte C. Chile University, Chile. ACTIVIDADES ANALGÉSICA Y ANTIMICROBIANA DE
Malesherbia auristipulata, ESPECIE PRE-ANDINA CHILENA
Yu RM, Yan CY, Song LY. Jinan University, China. ISOLATION, PURIFICATION AND BIOLOGICAL
ACTIVITIES OF POLYSACCHARIDES FROM CULTURED Ginkgo biloba
Latif A, Khan TF and Afaq SH. Aligarh Muslim University, India. ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY
OF FLOWER TOPS OF Gentiana Kurroo Royale EXTRACT
Jáuregui-Haza U, Domínguez-Mesa MI, Valdés-González M, Izquierdo-González M. Center of
Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Cuba. PHARMACOLOGICAL, TOXICOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL
RESEARCH ON Mangifera indica L AND MANGIFERIN: BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY WITH SCIENCE
CITATION INDEX
Echavarria M, López R, Ferrer Y, Casado C, Miranda M. Havana University, Cuba. THE MEDICINAL
PLANTS AND NATURAL PRODUCTS NATIONAL CENTER INFORMATION AS PROMOTER OF THE
RATIONAL USE OF THE NATURAL MEDICINE
López M, García O, Yera Y, Rodríguez A, Hernández LC. Municipal Santo Domingo Farmacy, Villa
Clara, Cuba. A WEB SITE OF THE PHARMACOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF THE Allium sativum L
(GARLIC)
Valdés-González M. Consultoría BioMundi, Cuba. THE INFORMATION OF PATENT DOCUMENTS
FOR THE RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT IN NATURAL PRODUCTS. THE CASE OF SOLANESOL
Santos MN, Santos C. ICO Ramón Pando Ferrer y Hospital Pediátrico del Cerro, Cuba. USE OF
LDE (LEUKOCYTES DIALYZABLE EXTRACT) IN PATIENTS WITH RESPIRATORY DISEASE
Pérez O, Lastre M, Bracho G, del Campo J, Zayas C, Acevedo R, Gil D, Mora N, González D, Balboa
J, Cabrera O, Cuello C, Pérez DR, Barberá R, Fajardo EF, Sierra G, Solís RL, and Campa C. Finlay
Institute, Cuba. NATURAL Neissera DERIVE PROTEOLIPOSOME AND COCHLEATE AS POTENT
VACCINE ADJUVANTS
Pérez M, Ramírez W, Jorge OC. Biocen, Cuba. CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF T-BIOMODULINE AND
ITS CYTO-RESTORING AND IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY
Ávila AD, Calderón CF, Pérez RM, Álvarez I, Pons C, Ortiz AR, Pereda C. Instituto Nacional de
Oncología y Radiobiología, Cuba. CONSTRUCTION AND BIOLOGICAL in vitro EVALUATION OF
IMMUNOTOXINS BY LINKING OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES WITH A HAEMOLYTIC TOXIN FROM
A SEA ANEMONE
Takami GA, Yavari A, Heidarieh M. University of Tehran, Iran. IMMUNOSTIMULATION OF WHITE
SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei) FOLLOWING DIETARY ADMINISTRATION OF ERGOSAN TO
INVESTIGATE ITS EFFECT ON THE GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF WHITE SHRIMP IN BUSHEHRIRAN
Valls AR, Iglesias E, Ferrandiz D, Turiño J, Batista J. Instituto Superior de Ciencias Médicas
"Carlos J. Finlay". Camagüey, Cuba. PRIMARY DERMAL IRRITABILITY TEST TO HERBAL
PRODUCTS OF DERMATOLOGICAL USE
Ramírez K, Puente E, Betancourt J, Mora Y. TOXIMED, Cuba. DERMAL AND OPHTHALMIC
IRRITABILITY OF THE CREAM OF ONION TO 25%.
Modarai M, Gertsch J, Suter A, Heinrich M, Kortenkamp A. University of London, UK. CYP
ENZYME INHIBITION BY Echinacea AND ITS ALKAMIDES – IS IT CLINICALLY RELEVANT?
29
FAPRONATURA 2006
P123
P124
P125
P126
P127
P128
P129
P130
P131
P132
P133
P134
P135
P136
P137
P138
P139
P140
Zamora Z, Borrego A, Sánchez C, Delgado R, González R , Menéndez S, Hernández F and Schulz
S. Centro de Investigaciones del Ozono, Cuba. OZONETHERAPY REDUCES TNF- ALPHA LEVELS
IN SERUM AND LUNG MYELOPEROXIDASE ACTIVITY IN LPS-INDUCED ENDOTOXIC SHOCK IN
MICE
González R, Zamora Z, Guanche D, Merino N, Menéndez S, Hernández F, Alonso Y and Schulz S.
Centro de Investigaciones del Ozono, Cuba. OZONIZED SUNFLOWER OIL (OSO) REDUCED
OXIDATIVE DAMAGE INDUCED BY INDOMETHACIN IN RATS.
Ruiz H, Ramos L, Abreu MC, Crespo N, González A, Ulloa F, León O. Hospital Pediátrico Provincial
“José Martí y Pérez” Sancti Spiritus, Cuba. ASSESSMENT OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT OF
OZONE IN CHILDREN WITH IMPETIGO
Ruiz H, Ramos L, Arftiles A, León O, Benítez I. Hospital Pediátrico Provincial “José Martí y Pérez”
Sancti Spiritus, Cuba. ACUTE ULCEROUS NECROTIZING GINGIVITIS (AUNG). AN ALTERNATIVE
OF TREATMENT WITH OZONIZED OIL
Bermúdez I, Reyes I Frómeta V and Suárez C. Oriente University, Cuba. BEHAVIOR OF THE
OXIDATIVE STRESS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC FOOT TREATED WITH PROPOLIS
Bermúdez I, García GS, Piloto AA, Pérez YF and Valdivieso AG. Oriente University, Cuba. EFFECT
OF THE CUBAN PROPOLIS COLLECTED IN MANZANILLO AREA ON THE WOUNDS HEALING IN
RATS
López M, Jiménez I, Santos M. Municipal Santo Domingo Farmacy, Villa Clara, Cuba. USE OF THE
PROPOLIS CREAM 10% IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS INFECTED WITH Candida IN VULVA
AND VAGINA
Fidalgo O, Almora E, Lago V. Finlay Institute, Cuba. In vitro ACTIVITY OF PROPOAROMIEL
AGAINST Candida sp.
Mello AM, Silva LG, Resende SL, Alves JB, Cortes ME, Schwambach CW, Abreu SRL, Santos VR.
College of Odontologia of the UFMG, Brazil. ELECTRONIC MICROSCOPY OF Candida albicans
TREATED WITH BRAZILIAN GREEN PROPOLIS EXTRACT AND ITS MINIMUM INHIBITORY
CONCENTRATION
Amaral RRC, Rocha WMS, Abreu SRL, Santos VR. College of Odontologia of the UFMG, Brazil.
PERIODONTITIS TREATMENT WITH BRAZILIAN GREEN PROPOLIS GEL
de Paula MB, Santiago WK, Dias SMD, Cortés ME, Dias RS, Santos VR. College of Odontologia of
the UFMG, Brazil. SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ORAL PATHOGENIC BACTERIA AND FUNGI TO BRAZILIAN
GREEN PROPOLIS EXTRACT
Gomes RT, Teixeira KIR, Cortés ME, Abreu SRL, Santos VR. College of Odontologia of the UFMG,
Brazil. ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF A PROPOLIS ADHESIVE FORMULATION ON DIFFERENT
ORAL PATHOGENS
Oršolić N, Tadić Z, Benković V, Horvat Knežević A, Lisičić D, Bašić I. University of Zagreb, Croatia.
STIMULATION OF HEMATOPOIESIS BY A WATER-SOLUBLE DERIVATIVE OF PROPOLIS IN MICE
Göksel Ş1, Özer S1, Abdullah S2, Velioğlu-Ogunc A3, Cetinel S4, Gedik N5, Yeğen BÇ. Marmara
University, Turkey. RESVERATROL ALLEVIATES IFOSFAMIDE-INDUCED URINARY TOXICITY IN
RATS
González-Hernández S, Narro-Juárez A, González-Ramírez D. IMSS, Mexico. EFECTO DE
Coriandrum sativum (CILANTRO) EN RATAS INTOXICADAS CON PLOMO
Capote A, Pérez N, Pérez A, Barbón R, Salas E, Wilken D, Gerth A, Müller-Kuhrt L and Jiménez E.
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas, Cuba. In vitro CULTURE OF Morinda royoc L.,
Psidium guajava L. var “EEA18-40” AND Morus alba L. var “Criolla” FOR OBTENTION OF SOME
THERAPEUTICALLY INTERESTING SECONDARY METABOLITES
Pérez N, Jiménez E, Capote A, Wilken D, Gerth A, Jähn A, Nitzsche H-M, Kerns G. Universidad
Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas, Cuba. TEMPORARY IMMERSION: A VALUABLE OPTION FOR
CARDIOTONIC GLYCOSIDES PRODUCTION OF Digitalis purpurea L.
Abuín A, Lobato O, Prado G, Chateloin T, Fernández F, Boan M, Torrientes D, Guevara E, Bacallao
M, Victores O, Gonzáles R, Pensado L, Oliva M. FCM Matanzas, Cuba. COMMUNITY EXTRACTION
30
FAPRONATURA 2006
P141
P142
P143
P144
P145
P146
P147
P148
P149
P150
P151
P152
P153
P154
P155
P156
P157
P158
P159
OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF Melaleuca quinquenervia (CAYEPUT), AN INTEGRATED FOCUS, AN
ECOLOGICAL-MEDICAL SOLUTION (PROJECT BEHIQUE)
Crosta L, Grippi F, Curione A, Tolomeo M, Aiello G, D’Amico R, Oliveri F, Gebbia N. Consorzio di
Ricerca sul Rischio Biologico in Agricoltura, Italy. DETECTION OF PICEATANNOL,
PTEROSTILBENE AND 3’- HYDROXYPTEROSTILBENE IN NATURAL PRODUCTS
Ospina O, Rojas C, Vega D. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Colombia. CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
OF LONGIPILINE ACETATE
Huertas A, Vega D, Rodríguez O, Torrenegra R, Rodríguez A and Rojas C. Pontificia Universidad
Javeriana, Colombia. NEW MONOGLYCOSIDE FROM Ageratina vacciniaefolia
Delporte C, Negrete R, Saavedra A, Peredo N, Aguirre MC, Silva X, Erazo S, Miranda HF, Apablaza
C, Backhouse N. Chile University, Chile. IMPACTO DE LA VARIACIÓN ESTACIONAL EN LA
EFICACIA DE Ugni molinae y Buddleja globosa, ESPECIES NATIVAS CHILENAS
Nunez J, Mendoza A. Universidad Nacional de Ancash, Perú. FATTY ACIDS COMPOSITION AND
NUTRITIONAL EFFECT IN RATS OF CUSHURO (Nostoc sphaericum VAUCHER)
LeHoux JG and Dupuis G. University of Sherbrooke, Canada. RECOVERY OF CHITOSAN FROM
AQUOUS ACIDIC SOLUTIONS BY SALTING- OUT WITH FOOD-COMPATIBLE ORGANIC SALTS
Gutiérrez-Ruiz J, Granados-Canseco F, Martínez-Esparza C, Velázquez-Paniagua M, and PrietoGómez B. UNAM, México. CHRONIC MELATONIN APPLICATION MODIFIES THE
CYTOARCHITECTURE OF TESTIS AND DECREASES THE SPERM NUMBER IN WISTAR RAT.
Buznego MT, Pérez-Saad H. CEBIMAR, Cuba. BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF THE ACUTE
ADMINISTRATION OF THE EXTRACT OF THE AQUATIC PLANT Echinodorus berteroi (SPRENGEL)
FASSETT (UPRIGHT BURHEAD)
Ruenes K, Garateix A, Buznego MT, García T, Pérez-Saad H, Palmero A, Guzmán A, Tortoriello J
and Pérez-Saad H. CEBIMAR, Cuba. ANXIOLYTIC EFFECTS OF Salvia elegans EXTRACT
Garateix A, Ruenes K, Buznego MT, García T, Menéndez T, Palmero A, Guzmán A , Valdés O,
Alejandre L, Laguna A and Pérez-Saad H. CEBIMAR, Cuba. NEUROPHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS
OF FOUR MARINE PLANT EXTRACTS
Garateix A, Salceda E, López O, Salazar H, Aneiros A, Zaharenko AJ, de Freitas JC and Soto E.
CEBIMAR, Cuba. PHARMACOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF Bunodosoma TOXINS ON
VOLTAGE DEPENDENT SODIUM CHANNELS
Santos Y, Díaz M, López T, Souto R, Rodríguez A, Martínez J, Castañeda O. Havana University,
Cuba. LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT FRACTIONS FROM THE CRUDE EXTRACT OF Condylactis
gigantea, ACTING ON POTASSIUM CHANNELS
Haskell CF, Kennedy DO, Milne AL, Wesnes KA, Zangara A & Scholey AB. Northumbria University,
UK. COGNITIVE AND MOOD EFFECTS OF CAFFEINE AND THEANINE ALONE AND IN
COMBINATION
Kennedy DO, Scholey AB, Zangara A, Luedemann J, Maggini S, Brewster-Maund C, Ruf M.
Northumbria University, UK. EFFECTS OF A MULTIVITAMIN PREPARATION WITH GUARANÁ ON
SUSTAINED MENTAL PERFORMANCE AND MENTAL FATIGUE
Oviedo VMO, García MG, Rincón JV, Guerrero MP. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. ALKALOID
FRACTION OBTAINED FROM LEAVES OF Annona muricata WITH ANXIOLYTIC ACTIVITY IN MICE
Firenzuoli F, Gori L, Calapai G. Centre of Natural Medicine, San Giuseppe Hospital, Italy. Rhodiola
rosea IN MINOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS
Reyes R, Marrero-Miragaya MA, Eirez M. Centro Internacional de Salud La Pradera, Cuba.
MIGRAPRECOL AND MIGRAMENSTRUAL. MEDICINAL PLANTS FORMULATIONS IN MIGRAINE
PROPHYLAXIS
Monteagudo E, Cepero V, Mollineda A. ISCM Villa Clara, Cuba. Calendula officinalis: VARIATION TO
THE METHODOLOGY OF EXTRACTS OBTENTION, CHARACTERIZATION FOR EXPERIMENTAL
USE AND ACUTE TOXICITY
Monteagudo E, Cepero V, Cordovés D, Verdecía B, Blanco F, Díaz L, Mollineda A. ISCM Villa Clara,
31
FAPRONATURA 2006
P160
P161
P162
P163
P164
P165
P166
P167
P168
P169
P170
P171
P172
P173
P174
P175
P176
P177
Cuba. PHARMACOTOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES OF Gracylaria cylindrica ALGAE
Monteagudo E, Boffill M, Bermúdez D, Quesada D, Roca A, Verdecia B, Blanco F, Díaz L,
Betancourt E. ISCM Villa Clara, Cuba. ACUTE TOXICITY EVALUATION OF SIX MEDICINAL PLANTS
USING THREE ALTERNATIVE METHODS
García Y, González R, Bourg V, González Y, González B, Mancebo A, Bada AM, Mier Y, Arteaga
ME, González C, Hernández J. Biocen, Cuba. TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF A NEW
ANTIANEMIC FORMULATION FROM NATURAL PRODUCT DRY TROFÍN®
Boffill M, Lorenzo G, Sainz O, Sánchez C, Betancourt E. ISCM Villa Clara, Cuba. TOXICOLOGICAL
EVALUATION OF AN INFUSSION OF Bidens pilosa
Peña D, Montes de Oca N, Rojas S, Parra A, García G. FCM Las Tunas, Cuba. TOXICOLOGICAL
PRE- CLINICAL EVALUATION OF Isocarpha cubana BLAKE
Galán L, Souto RD, Ruiz Y, Lanio ME, Álvarez C, Álvarez JL. Instituto de Cardiología y Cirugía
Cardiovascular, Cuba. CARDIOTOXIC ACTIONS OF STHICHOLYSINS I AND II, TWO CYTOLYSINS
ISOLATED FROM THE SEA ANEMONE Stichodactyla helianthus
Fuentes JL, Alonso A, Cuetara E, Vernhe M, Álvarez N, Sánchez-Lamar A, Llagostera M. CEADEN,
Cuba. MEDICINAL PLANTS ASSESSING AS RADIOPROTECTORS USING SOS CHROMOTEST
Dominguez A, Reyes L, García O, Macías B and Pérez L. TOXIMED, Cuba. TOXO- PLANT 1.0
TOXICOLOGY OF CUBAN MEDICINAL PLANTS WITH ANTIMICROBIAL ACTION
López M, García O, Hernández LC, Yera Y, Rodríguez A. Municipal Santo Domingo Farmacy, Villa
Clara, Cuba. NEUROTOXICAL EFFECTS PRODUCED BY PLANTS. KNOWLEDGE IN DOCTORS AND
PRACTITIONERS FROM EMPIRIC TRADITIONAL MEDICINE
Alfonso A, Ramírez K, Betancourt J, Salas H, Puentes E, Domínguez A. TOXIMED, Cuba.
EVALUATION OF ORAL ACUTE TOXICITY OF FIVE MEDICINAL HERBS BY MEANS OF AN
ALTERNATIVE METHOD
Lemos FO, Mello VJ, Cassali GD, Salas CE and Lopes MTP. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,
Brasil. PRE- CLINIC EVALUATION OF PROTEASES FROM C. candamarcensis AS DERMAL HEALING
PRINCIPLES
Campos A, Magos G, Rodríguez A, González C, Aguilar A y Martínez E. UNAM, México. ESTUDIO
FARMACOTOXICOLOGICO DE LOS EXTRACTOS SECOS OBTENIDOS DE LA SEMILLA DE Thevetia
peruviana.
Tapia R, Estrada M, Vega E, Lobato A, Alvarez C, Ortiz V, Velasco R. Universidad Autónoma
Metropolitana Iztapalapa, México. EVALUACIÓN DE LA ACTIVIDAD TÓXICA DE DIVERSOS
EXTRACTOS SOBRE Artemia salina
Casillas IL, Dávalos KV, Hurtado M, Cruz A, Aguilar M A, Velasco-Lezama R, Alarcón F.
Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, México. VALORACIÓN CITO Y GENOTÓXICA DEL
EXTRACTO ACUOSO DE Psacalium peltatum (MATARIQUE) EN CULTIVOS DE LINFOCITOS
HUMANOS
Molina-Salinas G, Said-Fernández S. IMSS, México. MICROENSAYO MODIFICADO DE TOXICIDAD
SOBRE LARVAS DE Artemia salina
Rodeiro I, Morffi J, Garrido G, Delgado R. Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Cuba.
MANGIFERIN, A GLUCOSYLXANTHONE EXTRACTED FROM Mangifera indica L. PROTECTS FROM
INJURY INDUCED TO DNA: in vitro STUDIES
Alfonso M, Quintela A, Lemus R, Garcia M. Instituto Nacional de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular,
Cuba. HEALING EFFECT OF THE SKIN- REGENERATED CREAM USING IN TRAUMATIC ULCERS
OF WISTAR RATS LOWER MEMBERS
Oruña L, Lago G, Coto G, Bousa P. Centro de Inmunología Molecular, Cuba. PHARMACOLOGICAL
ASSESSMENT OF A HYALURONIC ACID JELLY FOR THE WOUND HEALING
Sánchez-Perera LM, Beringuer B, Martin-Calero MJ, Bulnes C, Escobar A, Carnesolta D, Remigio
MA. CENSA, Cuba. PRECLINICAL EVALUATION OF Rhizophora mangle L. AS ANTIULCEROGENIC
POTENTIAL DRUG
32
FAPRONATURA 2006
RESÚMENES / ABSTRACTS
CONFERENCIAS PLENARIAS (PL) O CONFERENCIAS (L) /
PLENARY LECTURES (PL) OR LECTURES (L)
PL01- ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY AND THE SEARCH FOR NOVEL MEDICINES / HEALTH
FOODS. ARE WE BARKING UP THE RIGHT TREE?
Heinrich M
Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy. The School of Pharmacy, University of London. 29-39 Brunswick Sq.,
London WC1N 1AX. Tel.: 0044-020-7753-5844 / Fax: 0044-020-7753-5909.
E-mail: [email protected]
Drug discovery from nature and the pharmacology of natural products are areas which share many common
methodologies, but the goals of the various approaches often differ considerably. Both areas have been essential for
developing today’s medicine chests used all over the world (1). It is estimated that 25% of all prescription medicines
are derived from natural sources. In the fields of anticancer and anti-infective medicine, this figure is about 80% (2).
A classical approach has been the bio-assay guided search for new chemical entities with specific in vitro effects
which can then be developed into new drug leads an area I have had a long standing interest. A core pharmacological
target used by my group has been the transcription factor NF-κB an element of the pro-inflammatory signalling
cascade (Palladino et al 2003). Importantly, we use a multiple-target approach to identifying molecular sites of
inhibition within the inflammatory response (3). For example, crude extracts of Witheringia solanacea leaves showed
inhibition of NF-κB activation at 100 µg/mL induced by phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) in HeLa cells stably
transfected with a luciferase reporter gene controlled by the IL-6 promoter. Three physalins were isolated from an
active fraction, namely, physalins B (1), F (2), and D (3). Of these compounds, 1 and 2 demonstrated inhibitory
activities on PMA-induced NF-κB activation at 16 and 8 µM and induced apoptosis after 24 h in a cell-cycle analysis
using a human T cell leukemia Jurkat cell line. Compound 2 also inhibited TNF-R-induced NF-κB activation at 5 µM
through the canonical pathway, but was inactive in the Tet-On-Luc assay, indicating specificity of action, although it
interfered with Tet-On-Luc at higher concentrations. It is suggested that the presence of a double bond and an epoxy
ring between carbons 5 and 6 in compounds 1 and 2, respectively (which are not present in compound 3), are related
to their anti-inflammatory activity. This work using bio-assay-guided fractionation provides molecular evidence that the
anti-inflammatory activity of W. solanacea and its physalin constituents (1-3) is likely to be mediated via the NF-κB
pathway (4). While this work provides exciting information about bio-active constituents and their mechanism of action,
only a few of such compounds will finally reach the market as new drugs and the costs for developing such molecules
is extremely high.
Thus industry’s interest is moving towards means for faster development of new products. One line is based on the
development of extracts into herbal medical products or health foods. Specifically in Europe there is an increasing
demand for herbal medical products with a concomitant increase in concern about some of the products quality and
safety. The European Union recently established a simplified registration procedure for traditional herbal medicinal
products for human use (Directive 2004/24/EC), which requires all products to be licensed and offers a novel way of
licensing based on traditional use. Traditionally prepared herbal medical products are commonly used on a small scale
and the control of the product’s quality and safety is in the hand of those who use these products. On the other hand
commercial products are generally a commodity which is no longer controlled by the users and specific requirements
for good production, storage and distribution (GAP, GLP, GMP) are required. Thus these products become a
commodity which is regulated to varying degrees in the various countries.
This political framework sets the scene for the changing needs in studying and developing drugs from natural sources.
Essentially such products may be (health) foods, herbal unlicensed medicines, or licensed medical products. Over the
last years the focus has been on the benefits and risks of drug discovery? Where is the cat then? And, therefore, are
we barking up the right tree? In essence our focus has been very much on the discovery of novel entities, but
shouldn’t we focus more on the development of existing extracts and guaranteeing their quality and safety?
33
FAPRONATURA 2006
References: 1. Heinrich, M and H.L. Teoh (2004) Galanthamine from snowdrop – the development of a modern drug against
Alzheimer's disease from local Caucasian knowledge. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 92: 147-162 (doi:10.1016/j.jep.2004.02.012).
2. Newman, D. J., M. Cragg, and K. M. Snader (2003) Natural Products as Sources of New Drugs over the Period 1981-2002
Journal of Natural Products 66, 1022-1037. 3. Bremner, P. and M. Heinrich (2005) Natural Products and their role as inhibitors of the
pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB. Phytochemistry Review 4 (1): 21-37. 4. Jacobo-Herrera, P.D. Bremner, S. Gibbons M.
Gupta, S. Muñoz and M. Heinrich (2006) Physalins from Withania frutescens (Solanaceae) as inhibitors of the NF-κB cascade.
Journal of Natural Products 69 (3): 328-331 (DOI: 10.1021/np050225t).
PL02- NATURAL AND TRADITIONAL MEDICINE: INTEGRATION TO THE NATIONAL
HEALTH SYSTEM IN CUBA
Cabrera-López N
National Center for Natural and Tradicional Medicine, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba.
The Natural and Traditional Medicine (NTM) has been integrated at the Cuban National Health System since
1995. A net along the country has been created for these specialties implementation at every health attention
level. Investigations about these therapeutic modalities have allowed us to obtain enough scientific evidences for
achieving appropriate use of these procedures. In 2005, 12 006 717 ambulatory patients, 346 315 hospitalized
patients and 2 933 302 patients in services of urgency were attended by the use of different therapeutic
modalities of Natural and Traditional Medicine. In this period, 74% of surgery and clinic specialties have used the
NTM for therapeutic purposes. In such sense, 20 400 000 flasks containing natural medications have been
wasted. Over the last 10 years, in our country, an upward development in the systematic utilization of natural
therapies has been achieved in the National Health System. On the other hand, to achieve a sustained and
growing development of the traditional medicine and their integration to the programs of health, it is essential to
carry out pharmacological investigations in this field that allow to evaluate the impact of the alternative traditional
therapies in the main indicators of health, aspects these that are part of the main priorities of investigation and
development in NTM at this moment showing a sustained growth in the Cuban National Center for Natural and
Traditional Medicine.
PL03- ANTIOXIDANT DIETARY FIBERS: A POTENTIAL TOOL FOR PREVENTION OF
OXIDATIVE STRESS ASSOCIATED DISEASE
Saura Calixto FD, Goñi I, Serrano J, Pérez–Jiménez J, Tabernero M, Arranz S & Díaz-Rubio ME
Departamento de Metabolismo y Nutrición ( IF-CSIC). Ciudad Universitaria 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Email: [email protected]
Dietary fibers with exceptional amounts of natural antioxidants associated with the fiber matrix were obtained from
mango, pineapple, guava, seaweeds and grape. These antioxidant dietary fibers (AODF) combine in a single material
the physiological effects of both dietary fiber and antioxidants. Studies of their properties are in progress. This
communication is mainly focussed in grape AODF. Grape AODF has a high amount of phenolics ( 16 % dry weightproanthocyanins, flavonoids , resveratrol and phenolic acids-) with capacity to act as antioxidants in both lipophilic
(lipoproteins, cell membranes) and hydrophilic systems (plasma). Several biological tests showed that grape AODF
was effective in quenching free radicals, protecting DNA damage and significantly retarded human LDL oxidation. High
intestinal antioxidant status and effective hypocholesterolemic effect were observed in rats’ experiments. On this basis,
different clinical trials – sponsored by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science- are being conducted at
Hospitals (Madrid and Barcelona) to check the potential effects of grape AODF in antioxidant status and in prevention
of cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer. Healthy volunteers received a daily dose of 7.5 g of grape AODF.
Preliminary results of these trials will be presented.
References: 1. Saura-Calixto, F. (1998). Antioxidant dietray fiber product: A new concept and a potential food ingredient. J. Agric.
Food Chem., 46:4303-4306. 2. Martín-Carrón N., Goñi, I., Larrauri, J.A., García-Alonso, A., and Saura-Calixto, F. (1999). Reduction
in serum total and LDl cholesterol concentrations by a dietary fiber and polyphenol-rich grape product in hypercholesterolemic rats.
Nutr. Res.,19:1371-1381. 3. Jiménez-Escrig A, Rincón AM, Pulido R, Saura-Calixto F (2001). Guava fruit (Psidium guajava L.) as a
new source of antioxidant dietary fiber. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 49: 5489-5493. 4. Pulido R., Jimenez-Escrig A.,
34
FAPRONATURA 2006
Orensanz L., Saura Calixto F. and Jimenez Escrig A. (2005) Study of plasma antioxidant status in Alzheimer´s disease. Eur, J.
Neurology 12, 531-535
PL04- INTERACTIONS BETWEEN HERBAL MEDICINES AND PRESCRIPTION DRUGS
Williamson EM
The School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP.
Monitoring the use of herbal medicinal products (HMPs) is difficult since many are bought from outlets other than
pharmacies; assessing the incidence and significance of herb-drug interactions (H-DIs) is therefore even more
problematic. There is also widespread under-reporting of adverse reactions to herbal products for many reasons, so
the extent of H-DIs is still largely unknown. However the use of HMP’s among the general public is increasing, and it
has been estimated recently that in the US, 24% of the general population regularly take herbal products. In other
parts of the world, especially in developing countries, this is much higher, and at these levels of usage it is very likely
that some clinically significant herb-drug interactions will occur.
Many consumers believe herbal medicines to be safe simply because they are natural, and although this is obviously
untrue, there is a real concern that exaggeration of safety issues based on purely theoretical grounds will further
polarise public opinion. The patient may then ignore even sound advice on the subject, leading to a serious adverse
event, so it is important that accurate information is available on this subject.
In this presentation, the theoretical and clinical evidence for some important H-DIs will presented, together with an
explanation of pharmacodynamic interactions and pharmacokinetic effects involving P-glycoprotein and Cytochrome
P450 enzymes. An attempt will also be made to put the issue in perspective: for example, it is becoming clear that
certain herbal drugs are most frequently cited in interaction reports; these include St John’s wort (Hypericum
perforatum), Dan Shen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), Dong Quai (Angelica sinensis), Cat’s claw (Uňa de gato, Uncaria
tomentosa and U. guianensis), ginseng (Panax species), goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis), liquorice (Glycyrrhiza
species) and Ginkgo biloba. The main prescription drugs involved are those which are already susceptible to
interactions with many others, such as warfarin, digoxin, protease inhibitors, statins and anti-cancer drugs.
L01- ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY OF DISEASE PREVENTION FROM ANCIENT ISLAMIC
TEXTS
Raza M
Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Traditional texts usually mention medicinal uses of different agents for the treatment of diseases, rather then their
prophylactic use for the prevention of diseases. In this report, an attempt is made to present use of different agents
mentioned in old Islamic texts for the prevention of disorders. Literature search was carried out of the classical Islamic
texts reported from Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him and his descendents. Over 20 records of prophylactic
uses of medicinal plants, honey and salt were found in literature from the Islamic sources. These include medicinal
uses for the prevention of forgetfulness, infectious diseases (including leprosy), leucoderma, bad breath, fatigue and
laziness, general weakness, depression, colic, hemorrhoids, uncontrolled micturation, facial palsy (Bell’s palsy) and
general paralysis, maintenance of good health, improvement of memory and cognition, blood purification and fertility.
Scientific literature search indicated that in most of the instances, no research is reported on the basis of prophylactic
uses mentioned in Islamic texts. I conclude that ethnopharmacologic investigation of prophylactic uses of medicinal
agents can be an interesting area of research and its potential must be explored by the scientific community.
35
FAPRONATURA 2006
L02- DRUG DISCOVERY THROUGH HISTORIC HERBAL TEXTS
Buenz E
Mayo Clinic, USA.
No disponible al Cierre de la Edición de este Programa / Not available to the Closing of this Program Edition
L03- ROLE AND SCOPE OF ETHNOMEDICINAL PLANTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF
ANTIVIRALS
Chattopadhyay D
ICMR Virus Unit, ID & BG Hospital, GB 4, First floor, 57 Dr. Suresh C Banerjee Road, Beliaghata, Kolkata 700
010, India.
Ethnomedicinal plants have been used as source of drugs for almost all diseases, but the number of compounds
having antiviral activity is scarce. Irrespective of type of viruses and the cells they infect, there are a very few
specific viral targets for the phytomolecules to interact. Most of the available antiviral drugs often lead to the
development of viral resistance, side effects, recurrence and viral latency. A wide range of ethnomedicinal plants
showed strong antiviral activities and many of them either inhibit replication, or genome synthesis of many
viruses. Hence, development of new antivirals of natural origin is an urgent need. This review will cover some of
the promising antivirals isolated from ethnomedicinal plants with proven in vitro and some documented in vivo
activities.
L04- In vitro ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THREE PIPER SPECIES: A COMPARATIVE
STUDY
Gabriel A. Agbor1, 2, Joe A Vinson1, Julius E. Oben3, Jeanne Y Ngogang4
1
Department of Chemistry, University of Scranton, Scranton, Pennsylvania, 18510 USA. 2CRPMT, Institute of Medical
Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, P.O Box 6163, Yaounde Cameroon. 3Department of Biochemistry, University
of Yaounde I, Cameroon. 4Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences,
University of Yaounde I, Cameroon.
Introduction: Free radicals, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are implicated in
numerous oxidative stress related pathological conditions. Thus substances with antioxidant capacity capable of
scavenging free radicals and reactive oxygen species can play a role in oxidative stress related disorders. The
polyphenolic content and free radical scavenging activity of methanolic leaves extracts of three Piper species (Piper
guineense, Piper nigrum, and P umbellatum) were studied in-vitro. Materials and Methods: Folin Ciocalteu method
was used to assess the polyphenolic content while the reducing power, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH),
superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide scavenging and metal chelating activities were employed in studying
the radical scavenging activity of extracts. Results: All three spices exhibited a marked polyphenolic content and dose
dependent free radical scavenging activity. The free polyphenolic content of the three spices was in the order P
umbellatum (15.93±1.89 mg/g) > P. guineense (12.56 ± 0.25 mg/g) > P nigrum (9.75 ± 0.76). The three Piper extracts
exhibited a 79.76 – 89.92 % scavenging effect on DPPH, an 85.10 – 97.85 % scavenging effect on nitric oxide at a
dose level of 10mg/ml and a 47.07 – 51.60 % scavenging effect on superoxide radical at a dose level of 8mg/ml
extraction. Piper extracts also exhibited a 56.99 – 76.06 % scavenging effect on hydroxyl radical at 5 mg/ml, a 0.39 0.58 reducing power and an 88.33 -93.90 % metal chelating activity at a dose level of 8 mg/ml extraction. Conclusion:
Thus these Piper species contain high antioxidant capacity and can play a role in the modulation of oxidative stress
related disorders.
36
FAPRONATURA 2006
L05- PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIALITY OF NATURAL
EXTRACT OBTAIN FROM STEM BARK OF Mangifera indica L (VIMANG) AND ITS
GLUCOSYLXANTHONE, MANGIFERIN
Garrido Ga, Delgado Ra, García Da, Pardo GLa, Martínez Gb, Hernández Pa, Rodeiro Ia, Hernandez Ia, Guevara
Ma, Alvarez Aa , Riaño Aa, Merino Na, Núñez AJa
a
Pharmacology Lab, Department of Biomedical Research. Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry. P.O Box 16042,
Havana, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected] bPharmacy Institute, Havana University, P.O. 10 400, Havana,
Cuba.
The aqueous extract from stem bark of Mangifera indica L (VIMANG) has been used in Cuba during several years in
ethnomedical practices for the improvement of quality of life of patients with different pathologies1. A phytochemical
characterization of the extract has led to the isolation of nine phenolic constituents, with the glucosylxanthone
mangiferin as a major component, and different microelements as zinc, copper, and selenium2. The extract has
demonstrated as the main pharmacological property its antioxidant activity3-5. Others studies have shown that the
extract also possesses others pharmacological activities, such as: anti-inflammatory6-9, antiallergic10, analgesic6 and
inmunomodulador11-12, with very complex and multifactorial mechanisms of action involved. These properties are
related to its scavenger capacity of different reactive oxygen species. The interaction of mangiferin and others
component of the extract with Fe2+, represent an important antioxidant mechanism recently characterized in our
studies13-14. On the other hand, mangiferin and Vimang have the property of modulating different mediators involved
into immune response, more specifically: 1) Inhibit nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in several
inflammatory conditions, 2) Inhibit phospholipase A2 activity and eicosanoid production, 3) Stimulate TGFbeta
production as anti-inflammatory cytokine, 4) Inhibit activation of transcriptional nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)15, 5) Protect
from T cell depletion by Activation-induced cell death (AICD)16, results that showed these compounds enhance T-cell
survival by inhibiting activation-induced T-cell death, a finding associated with a decrease in oxidative stress within the
activated T cells. In general, the total extract and its xanthone, mangiferin are involved in several immunomodulatory
processes, properties that confer an important therapeutic potentiality as active component for the preparation of
phytopharmaceuticals products for the treatment of pathologies where oxidative stress and immunomodulator
disorders are related with their etiology. Different clinical studies are conducted at this moment in order to get new
knowledge about its therapeutic potentiality.
References: 1. Guevara M et al. Rev Cubana Farmacia 36 (Suplem. 2:166-167, 2002. 2. Núñez Selles A. et al. J Agric Food Chem
50:762-766, 2002. 3. Martínez G. et al. Phytother Res 15:245-2474, 2000. 4. Martínez G. et al. Pharmacol Res 42:555-573, 2000. 5.
Martínez G. et al. Free Rad Res 35:465-473, 2001. 6. Garrido G. et al. Phytother Res15:18-21, 2001. 7. Garrido G. et al.
Pharmacol. Res. 50:143-149, 2004. 8. Garrido G. et al. Pharmacol. Res. 50:165-172, 2004. 9. Garrido G. et al. Phytomedicine
13:412-418, 2006. 10. García D. et al. J Pharm Pharmacol 58:382-92, 2006. 11. García D. et al. Int. Immunopharmacol 2:797-806,
2002. 12. Leiro J. et al. Int. Immunopharmacol. 4:991-1003, 2004. 13. Pardo-Andreu GL. et al. Pharmacol. Res. 51:427- 435, 2005.
13. Pardo Andreu GL. et al. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 513:47-55, 2005. 14. Garrido G. et al. Phytother. Res. 19:211-215, 2005. 15.
Hernandez P. et al. Int Immunopharmacol 6:1496-1505, 2006.
37
FAPRONATURA 2006
L06- POSITIVE EFFECTS OF A MULTIVITAMIN-GUARANÁ PREPARATION ON MENTAL
PERFORMANCE AND MENTAL FATIGUE DURING A SUSTAINED PERIOD OF MENTAL
DEMAND
Scholey ABa, Kennedy DOa, Zangara Aa, Robertson Ba, Reay Ja, Luedemann Jb, Maggini Sb, Brewster-Maund
Cb, Ruf Mb
a
Human Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, United Kingdom.
Bayer Consumer Care AG, Peter Merian House 84, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.
E mail: [email protected]
b
The present study tested the effects of a multivitamin-mineral supplement with guaraná (Berocca Boost Performance)
on aspects of cognitive performance and self-reported mental fatigue during sustained, effortful mental processing.
This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group study assessed the acute effects of a single dose of
either the vitamin/mineral/guaraná supplement or placebo, in the form of an effervescent drink, in 129 healthy young
adults (18-24 years). Testing included the Northumbria University Cognitive Demand Battery (CDB) which involves
serial completion of a 10-min battery comprising of Serial Threes subtractions (2 min), Serial Sevens subtractions (2
min), and Rapid Visual Information Processing [RVIP] (5 min) followed by a ‘Mental Fatigue’ visual analogue scale.
Salivary caffeine levels were co-monitored. On the testing day, overnight fasted participants attended the laboratory at
9 am. Following two (practice and baseline) pre-dose completions of the CDB participants consumed their treatment.
Starting 30 minutes following drink administration, participants made 6 consecutive completions of the battery (60
minutes in total). The most striking finding was a significant improvement, compared with placebo, in both speed and
accuracy of RVIP performance associated with the vitamin/mineral/guaraná combination. This effect was evident
throughout the hour of testing. The active treatment also significantly reduced ratings of subjective mental fatigue at
later, more fatiguing, repetitions of the battery. This research supports previous findings concerning the psychoactive
properties of guaraná and provides evidence for the first time in humans that a multivitamin-mineral preparation with
guaraná can improve cognitive performance and reduce the mental fatigue associated with sustained mental effort.
L07- THE EFFECTS OF GALANTAMINE ON ATTENTION IN THE DEMENTIAS
Saxby BKa, Edgar CEa, Edwards Kb, Wesnes KAa
a
Cognitive Drug Research Ltd., CDR House, Gatehampton Road, Goring-on-Thames, RG8 0EN, United Kingdom. b
Neurological Research Centre Inc., 140 Hospital Drive, Suite 210, Bennington, Vermont 05201, USA. E-mail:
[email protected]
Introduction: Galantamine is an alkaloid obtained from the Caucasian snowdrop and related species. It is a specific
and reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor registered for the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer's Disease
(AD). Galantamine also enhances the intrinsic action of acetylcholine on nicotinic receptors. In a comparative parallel
group study of galantamine versus donepezil in AD patients, in addition to the expected benefits to memory of both
compounds, galantamine produced significant improvements in attention. The effects were seen at 6 weeks and
persisted until the end of study at 26 weeks. This suggests that the nicotinic action might be particularly beneficial for
attention. Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) is characterised by attentional deficits and fluctuations, therefore a
suitable target for treatment with galantamine. Materials and methods: An open label, 24-week study to evaluate the
efficacy of galantamine for the treatment of DLB in 49 patients over 50 years old. The Cognitive Drug Research
computerised assessment system was used to measure aspects of episodic memory, working memory and attention
at weeks 0 (training), 4 (baseline), 12 and 24; parallel forms were administered to prevent learning effects. Results:
The intention-to-treat analysis showed significant improvements to Power of Attention and Coefficient of Variance at
week 12 (p<0.05). Statistical signals were identified for Continuity of Attention at week 24, and Quality of Episodic
Memory at weeks 12 and 24 (p<0.1). The results showed early benefits of treatment, particularly to measures of
38
FAPRONATURA 2006
attention and fluctuations, key features of DLB. Conclusions: The nicotinic action of galantamine appears to have
beneficial effects on attention in demented populations. Such benefits may not be detected with standard clinical
assessments (ADAS-Cog) which focus primarily on memory. However, comprehensive computerised assessments of
cognition can be useful in identifying the beneficial effects of plant-derived compounds and elucidating the
mechanisms by which they occur.
L08- PHYTO-THERAPEUTICAL APPROACHES TO ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Okello Ea, Perry Eb
a
School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Agriculture Building; bSchool of Neurobiology and Psychiatry,
University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom. abMedicinal Plant Research
Centre, Universities of Newcastle upon Tyne and Northumbria, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
One of the most disabling features of the aging process and in certain neurodegenerative diseases is cognitive
dysfunction, particularly loss of memory (dementia). Dementia is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder
with characteristic deterioration of intellectual capacity in various domains: learning and memory, language abilities,
reading and writing, praxis and interaction with the environment. Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common type of
dementia, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, accounting for 50-60% of dementia cases in persons over 65
years of age. There are over 15 million people suffering from AD worldwide. The current licensed treatment for AD is
based on inhibition of the cholinergic enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and in some instances also
butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). Drugs in development include those preventing amyloid formation (e.g. betasecretase inhibition), nicotinic or muscarinic receptor modulation, glutamate receptor antagonism, and both antiinflammatory and statin activities. Because of the complexity and diversity of the pathological causes of AD, the
treatments that will be developed in the future are most likely to be poly-pharmacological in approach. In this respect
phyto-therapies, with the multiplicity of chemicals and bioactivities present in an individual plant or combination of
plants, provide a novel and relatively unexplored potential.
L09- THE ROLE OF VITAMINS AND MINERALS IN MENTAL PERFORMANCE
Maggini S and Ruf M
Bayer Consumer Care AG, Peter Merian House 84, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.
The significant interdependence of nutrition and cognitive functions was recognized many decades ago. Adequate
levels of vitamins and minerals are essential for sustained mental performance through physiological processes that
have both a direct (e.g. neurotransmitter synthesis, receptor binding, membrane ion pump function) and indirect (e.g.
energy metabolism, cerebral blood supply) effect on brain and nerve functions. In this context the minerals calcium,
magnesium and zinc and, especially, the water-soluble vitamins (B group and vitamin C) are the most relevant
micronutrients. Research indicates that inadequate intake of one or more of these micronutrients is not uncommon
even in developed countries and that a large proportion of the population is failing to consume the recommended
levels with the normal diet. This situation is being exacerbated in many societies by occupational pressure and a
stressful lifestyle leading to the consumption of ‘fast food’ which has a significant negative relationship with vitamin
consumption. This may have consequences for mental performance of the concerned individuals, because it is well
established that marginal micronutrient deficiencies result for example in fatigue, anxiety, irritability, sleeplessness and
can impair memory and ability to concentrate even in otherwise healthy individuals. Some studies have assessed the
effects of a multi-vitamin/mineral product (Berocca®) on self-ratings of stress or psychological well-being. Results
following treatment demonstrated a significant benefit of supplementation in terms of improved anxiety/stress ratings
across various psychometric parameters. These findings indicate that multivitamin/mineral preparations can help to
cope with the negative consequences of stress in individuals at risk of consuming insufficient micronutrients from their
diet. In modern societies with the widespread desire for constant optimum performance in all areas of life, vitamin and
mineral supplements may therefore help to manage stress and hence to enhance mental performance.
39
FAPRONATURA 2006
L10- CARIBBEAN MARINE BIODIVERSITY
Espinosa J
Institute of Oceanology, Cuba.
L11- PEPTIDES OBTAINED FROM MARINE ORGANISMS USEFUL FOR BIOMEDICAL
RESEARCH
Rodriguez A, Garateix A, Díaz M, Palmero A, Alejandre L, Cuquerella E
Centre of Marine Bioproducts, CITMA, Loma & 37, Vedado, PC 10600, Havana City, Cuba.
Number of marine peptides has been isolated in recent years which exhibit potent biological activities, and many of the
compounds showed promising anticancer activity. Didemnin was the first marine peptide that entered in human clinical
trials in US for the treatment of cancer, and other anticancer peptides such as kahalalide F, hemiasterlin, soblidotin
and aplidine have entered in the clinical trials. Also, there exist known marine toxins waiting for the discovery of
pharmaceutically oriented new specificities. Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are Na+ channels activated by
external protons. These channels are formed by the homo- or heteromeric association of six different subunits.
Scientific research in the last years have associated these channels to several pathological and physiological
conditions such as pain, learning and memory. For many years, animal venoms have yielded a great number of toxins
that modulate specifically and with high affinity voltage-gated Na+, K+ and Ca2+ currents, Ca2+ -gated K+ channels
and mechano-sensitive K+ channels. To date the pharmacology of ASIC channels is still limited due to the lack of
specific modulators, being these of great interest for biomedical application. For this reason, our research was
foccused to the isolation and characterization of a new peptide, extracted from a sea anemone acting upon ASIC
channels. Also, there exist other compounds, presumably of peptidic nature, that are being evaluated on glutamatergic
and cholinergic responses as well as on different voltage activated ionic channels.
L12- CHEMISTRY DIVERSITY OF COMPOUNDS OBTAINED FROM MARINE MACRO
ORGANISMS
Laguna A, Valdés O, Rodríguez A, Rodríguez M, Hernández Y, Regalado E, Cuquerella E, Alejandre L, Díaz M
Advances in the sophisticated instruments for the isolation and characterization of marine natural products, and
development in the biological assay systems, have resulted in the discovery of various compounds of biomedical
application from marine origin from which more than 10 are registered as new drugs. Marine products have been a
source of new leads for the treatment of many deadly diseases such as cancer, acquired immuno-deficiency
syndrome (AIDS) etc. Compounds of marine origin are diverse in structural class from simple linear peptides to
complex macrocyclic polyethers. Marine natural products chemists have always shown a great interest in the natural
functions of the metabolites that they study. While the interest in obtaining novel chemical structures from
microorganisms and plants has declined, the discovery of new chemical compounds with unique structures from
marine organisms is increasing. Several of these compounds have been used by population as feed, insecticides,
40
FAPRONATURA 2006
fragrances, pigments and medicines but the enormous potentiality of the ocean as a surt of new compounds is still
unexplored. Terrestrial plants has been used for many years as supplement medicine considering the folk knowledge,
actually near 25 % of all drug sold in pharmacies are derived from plants. In the present paper will be presented an up
to date review of compounds derived from plants and the studies done in Cuba.
L13- ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, ANALGESIC AND ANTI-OXIDANT OBTAINED FROM MARINE
SOURCE: REALITY AND FUTURE
Llanio Ma, Fernández MDa, Cabrera Ba, del Vallín Ta, Hernández Ia, Bermejo Pb, Abad MJb, Payá Mc, Alcaraz MJc
a
Center of Marine Bioproducts, Loma y 37, Havana, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected] bDept. of Pharmacology,
Pharmacy Faculty, Madrid Complutense University, Madrid, Spain. cDept. of Pharmacology, Pharmacy Faculty,
Valencia University, Valencia, Spain.
Marine sources are being explored during more than 40 years, for possible pharmaceutical products. Marine
pharmacology has begun to focus on several new areas of pharmaceutical development, with an emphasis, between
others, on inflammatory diseases. Inflammation posses several mechanisms, beginning for phospholipase A2
activation, prostaglandins or leukotrienes formation, reactive oxygen species activity, etc. For these reasons we are
going to talk about some of the products that have been obtained from marine organisms, especially algae and
sponges, which present anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-oxidant properties and their different mechanisms of
action. Moreover we will show our most interesting results in extracts obtained from algae, sponges and marine plants
which have activity trough different mechanisms.
L14- EXTRACTS FROM CARIBBEAN SEAWEEDS AS POTENTIAL ANTITUMOURALS
Valdés-Iglesias O1, Cabranes Y1, Hernández Y1, Aneiros A1, Colom Y2, Azcue M2, Ruiz R2, Respall M2, Díaz C1
1
Centre of Marine Bioproducts, CITMA, Loma & 37, Vedado, PC 10600, Havana City, Cuba. 2Laboratory of
Oncopharmacology; Unit of Evaluation and Research on Antitumoral Products; National Oncology and Radiobiology
Institute, Vedado, CP 10400. Havana City, Cuba.
E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
The marine organisms have been revealed as an important source of bioactive substances of great value for the
treatment of some illnesses for their therapeutic properties (antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, as antibiotic, and
other). In this paper are presented some results obtained in the chemical and pharmacological evaluation of
Caribbean seaweed as biotechnological source of bioactive substances. Seaweeds (Chlorophyceae, Phaeophyceae
and Rhodophyceae) have been processed by different methods as drying and extraction in aqueous, ethanol and non
polar solutions, in cold and hot systems. Also, they have been evaluated as nutraceutic for their nutritional composition
mainly the carbohydrate, antioxidants, neuroactives and anti-tumourals activities through different biochemical assays
and in vivo conduct and pharmacological tests with mice and as anti-tumoural (i.e.) in front of the mouse tumour line of
leukemia P388 transplanted in mice B2D6F1. The chemical characterization of the seaweed and extracts included
qualitative and quantitative chemical methods and the fractionation by partition with solvents. Some fraction were
isolated and characterized by flash chromatography on Silica gel 60 and analyzed by UV spectra, TLC and HPLC. The
results are the basement for the future utilization of the biotechnological properties of the Caribbean seaweeds since
are sources of typical carbohydrates such as carrageenans, agar, fucoidans or alginates and for the secondary
metabolites as polyphenols, flavones and terpenes with antioxidants, neuroactives and antitumourals properties
detected or as human food as nutraceutic feed. Some of these results have been published and patented in Cuba.
41
FAPRONATURA 2006
L15- MARINE ORGANISMS AS SOURCES OF NEUROPHARMACOLOGICALLY ACTIVE
COMPOUNDS
Garateix A1, Aneiros A1, Salceda E2, García T1, Ruenes K1, Buznego MT3, Menéndez R1, Palmero A1, Guzmán
A1, Valdés O1, Rodriguez A1, Laguna A1 and Soto E2
Centre of Marine Bioproducts (CEBIMAR), CITMA, Loma & 37, Vedado, PC 10 600, Havana City, Cuba; 2Institute of
Physiology, BUAP, 14 Sur & San Claudio, Puebla, México; e-mail: [email protected] 3Institute of Neurology,
MINSAP, 29 & D, Vedado, Havana City, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected]
1
Natural compounds obtained from marine organisms have proved to be specific pharmacological tools in
Neurobiology. Different taxonomical groups have been used as source of new compounds being sponges, molluscs,
Cnidarians and seaweeds the most used. Taking in account the richness of Cuban marine ecosystem our work has
the goal to find new tools to investigate on neurobiology at a molecular level, and promising molecules or products
potentially used for biomedical applications. In the present work we show some results we have obtained in the
neuropharmacological characterization of extracts/compounds obtained from different sea anemones and seaweeds.
From different sea anemones we have characterized bioactive peptidic compounds acting specifically on receptors
and voltage activated ionic channels. Additionally, we evaluated some neuropharmacological effects of
extracts/compounds obtained from different seaweeds combining behavioural and electrophysiological techniques.
The results support the interest in continuing the work with at least two of the studied seaweeds.
L16- AGONIST LIGANDS OF NEURAL NACHR IN LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT FRACTIONS
FROM THE TENTACLES EXTRACT OF THE PELAGIC COELENTERATE COLONY Physalia
physalis
Castañeda-Pasarón O1, Rodríguez-Alfonso A 2, Pérez-Saad H 3, López-Sánchez T1, Bermúdez-Díaz I4
1
Dpto. Biología Animal y Humana. Fac. de Biología. Universidad de La Habana. Cuba. 2Lab de Química. Centro de
Bioctivos Marinos. CITMA. La Habana. Cuba. 3Lab de Neurología Experimental. Instituto de Neurología y
Neurocirugía. La Habana. 4Lab de Neurofarmacología. School of Biological and Molecular Sciences. Oxford Brookes
University, Oxford. England.
Nicotinic receptors are pentameric ligand-gated cation channels that are activated by the neurotransmitter
acetylcholine. The major brain subtypes seem to be the α4β2 and α7 nAChRs. They are located in presynaptic
terminals or extrasynaptic sites, exerting a predominant modulatory action in CNS. A modulatory action offers
attractive therapeutic opportunities and that is why the current interest in nicotinic acetylcholine receptors as
therapeutic targets for diverse neurological and psychiatric conditions, has led to the development of nicotinic drugs
with more subtype selectivity as a major goal of pharmaceutical industry. In this sense, the abundance and diversity of
marine organisms as well as their pharmacological potential have led us to search for substances acting on nicotinic
acetylcholine receptors subtypes, from the tentacles extract of a coelenterate colony arriving to Cuban seashores
between February to March. The extract was prepared for further chromatography separation of active fractions. A
purification strategy consisting of gel filtration separations in Sephadex-G50, Sephadex G-25 and HW-40 followed by
one reversed-phase step was lined to achieve such purpose. Previous evidences in rodent behavioral experiments
suggested the presence of neuroactive cholinergic compounds in the low molecular weight fractions from the first
chromatographic steps. After chromatography procedure, three (numbered 1, 2 and 3) very hydrophilic low molecular
fractions where tested for their capacity to displace 125I bungarotoxin and 3H-cytisine, from α7 y α4β2 receptors from
cultured mammal neurons. Experiments based in two-electrode voltage clamping of Xenopus laevis oocytes, injected
with cDNA coding for neural human α7 and α4β2 receptors subtypes, were carried out to determine the physiological
activity. One of these fractions was analyzed by mass spectrometry, which revealed the presence of low molecular
weight compounds in the range 200-600 Da. From these results we conclude that in the aqueous extract of the
coelenterate analyzed there are very hydrophilic low molecular weight compounds which act as agonists upon α7 and
α4β2 subtypes of nACh receptors. A next goal will be to achieve a higher purification degree that allows us the full
chemical and pharmacological characterization of such compounds.
42
FAPRONATURA 2006
L17- COMPOUNDS WITH PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OBTAINED FROM MARINE
MICRO-ORGANISMS
Ortiz E, Morales M, Núñez R, Miranda A, Fonseca E, Batista C, Cabranes Y, Caballero V, Paneque K, Martínez
C, Díaz Y, Pizarro R
Marine biodiversity is extremely high, a direct consequence of the extraordinary variability of the marine biosphere.
The potential of marine organisms for commercial development and exploitation impinges on virtually every area of
biotechnology. The biological activities of bacterial strains belonging to Marine Microorganisms Collection (Centre of
Marine Bioproducts) isolated from the Cuban platform were evaluated. The results evidence the biotechnological
potential of these isolates ones since they presented activity against human pathogens considered clinically ace
unsociable, and also versus fish and plant pathogens. Microorganism´s potentially producing surfactants, hemolytic
and proteolytic activity, antitumour and anti-inflammatory agents were also detected. In another hand the 25 % are
capable to the degrade hydrocarbons in different conditions. From several screenings we found isolates having three,
four or five biological activities. As many as 57% of the bacteria present in the collection showed wide-spectrum
activities.
L18- RESULTS OF THE BIOREMEDIATION STUDIES DEVELOPED AT CEBIMAR AND ITS
APPLICATIONS
Núñez-Moreira R, Ortiz E, Oramas J, Fonseca E, Villaverde M, Bellota M, Riverón L, Martínez J, Garcia A,
Barbán O, Cabranes Y, Batista C, Miranda A, Paneque K, Díaz Y, Martínez C, Pizarro R
Bioremediation is based on the idea that organisms are capable to take in things from the environment and use it to
enhance their growth and metabolism. With this unique characteristic lay the fundamental principle of Bioremediation,
to use microorganism to take in contaminated substances from the environment or convert it to a nontoxic form.
Bacteria, Protista, and fungi are well known for degrading complex molecules and transform the product into part of
their metabolism. In the Center of Marine Bioproducts (CEBIMAR) we have developed two products against oil
pollution, based on in mixed cultures of five marine bacteria, there are patented and called BIOIL and BIOL-FC. This
bioproduct was use in different oil spill in Cuban coastal zone like Bay of Matanzas, Bay of Cienfuegos, Bay of Levisa,
Varadero Beach and Jibacoa Beach with good results supported by High-Resolution Gas Chromatography. Another
hand we demonstrated they capacity of degradation of different fraction of oil, included the asfaltenes. In all cases, the
oil removal was higher than 75 % in only 30 days.
L19- COSMETICS OBTAINED FROM THE SEA. A CUBAN EXPERIENCE
Laguna A, Rodríguez M, Regalado E, Hernández Y, Rodríguez A, Valdés O, Alejandre L, Cuquerella E
The use of natural substances in cosmetic industry has gone in increase, for this reason they have been investigated
and valued the goods of diverse natural compound and in particular that of marine origin with the purpose of obtaining
new preservatives with very well defined biological estates. Different extracts of algae are used as preservatives in
formulations for the care of skin and hair, these preservatives, mainly polysaccharides and tannins, have been applied
as anti-rust, bacteriostatic, wetter and blocking UV. Cuba like a tropical archipelago possesses a great biological
diversity in its marine funds that constitutes an important source for these substances. This work approaches to obtain
a product named BM21 of a marine plant (patent CU 22931) which was characterized chemically and valued biological
and toxicological with perspectives application as a preservative bioactive for cosmetic formulations. BM21 can
43
FAPRONATURA 2006
eliminate or alleviate the lesions provoked by photo damage, it has anti-rust properties, it is non toxic, and fulfils the
microbiological requirements and is stable and maintains its physical-chemical characteristics at least for 12 months.
Also, other seaweeds were evaluated and some of them can eliminate or alleviate the lesions provoked by photo
damage, having anti-rust properties and being non toxics preparations.
PL05- THE CUBAN PROGRAM OF MEDICINAL PLANTS OF THE MINISTRY OF HEATH. A
REALITY AND A CHALLENGE FOR THE GROWING DEVELOPMENT OF THE
PHARMACOLOGY OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
Morón F
Faculty of Medical Sciences “Dr. Salvador Allende”, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected]
In 1987, the Cuban Ministry of Health organized its first Medicinal Plant Research Program. It main aim was to validate
Cuban people most frequently used plants which were obtained with a national ethnomedical survey. At the same
time, a national project to develop Pharmacology and Toxicology took place in a close relation to herb and natural
products research. Few years latter, the national government and health authorities requested an expert group to
review the aims and organization of the herb research in other to get herbal drugs to treat health problems and to
diminish the lack of drugs which were expected due to end of Socialism in East Europe and the increased US
blockade. Early results were a list having 51 plant/part/uses which were approved by a Health Ministerial Resolution
signed on May 5th, 1990 and a publication concerning most used medicinal plants, named FITOMED. Other important
releases were: national guidelines for drugs and extracts, herb harvest, herb research, and more than 300 results of
the research project to give scientific basis to phytotherapy at the national health system. The program has being
reviewed and refocused sometimes according to health system requests. Scientific outcomes have being soon
introduced to heath practice, to medical sciences education, and to people education.
PL06- PHYTOPHARMACEUTICALS: VETERINARY AND HUMAN NOVEL THERAPEUTIC
TOOLS
Marrero Faz E
Chemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology Group, National Centre for Animal and Plant Heath Cuba, CENSA, Apdo.
10, San José de las Lajas, La Habana, Cuba. E-mail:[email protected]
Introduction: The rich Cuban plant biodiversity offers to Public Health and Veterinary Medicine important therapeutic
alternatives. At CENSA research projects focused to obtain natural health product (NHP) represent one of the main
goal. The present work shows some of the examples approaching of NHP from tropical plants, Bromelia pinguin L.,
Rhysophora mangle L., Allophyllus cominia. Material and methods: Plants were deposited at National Botany
Garden for authenticity. Bromelia pinguin L. antihelmintic activity was study in Holstein calves experiments for
veterinary purpose. Pulp aqueous extract of mature fruits (100 and 500 mg) where tested. Rhysophora mangle L bark
aqueous extract HPLC was analyzed and extract evaluated for antiseptic and wound healing effect in preclinical and
clinical trials (GLP, GCP). Toxicity evaluated according OECD protocols. Formulation Technology processes adapted
conveniently for industrial production (GMP). Results: Allophylus cominia (L.) Sw aqueous and organic lives extracts,
were tested for hypoglycemic effect on diabetic and non-diabetic rat models. Bromelia pinguin treated calves showed
no eggs in faeces t and no adult parasite in the necropsy 72 hours after treatment. Rhysophora mangle L. showed
80% polyphenols with a variety of structures of hydrolyzables and condensed tannins. Preclinical and clinical trials
showed a strong antiseptic and wound healing effects. Non toxic effects were obtained. A Rhysophora mangle
formulation for human (CIKRON-H) and veterinary (CIKRON) use was obtained. Industrial production and technology
processes conveniently adapted (GMP). Allophylus cominia (L.) Sw aqueous extract in reiterated and an organic
44
FAPRONATURA 2006
extract in simple, oral doses, showed hypoglycemic effect on in vivo rat experiments. Conclusions: New natural
products from tropical plants investigating at CENSA are very promising for human and veterinary health as well. The
opportune Intellectual Property Rights strategy (IPRs), based on patents and / or enterprise secret, protecting results
from research projects have represented important tools for commercialization. Acknowledgments:I wish to express my
gratitude to Professor Christopher Brandford-White, IHRP Director, London Metropolitan University, UK and Prof. Alan Harvey, SIDR
Director, Strathclyde University, Glasgow for the opportunity offered to collaborate with CENSA staff on natural products research.
Thanks are due to The Cuban Minister of Public Health and The Cuban Minister of Higher Education for financial support of the
projects.
References: 1. De Armas E. et al (2005).Current Medical Research and Opinion, 21(11): 1711-1715.2. Fernández O. et al (2002).
Fitoterapia 73, 564-568. 3. Melchor, G. et al (2001).Fitoterapia 72, 689-691. 4. Sánchez LM et al (2001). Journal of
Ethnopharmacology 77, 1-3. 5. Véliz, T. et al (2004) Revista CENIC Ciencias Biológicas 35, 71-76. 6. Marrero, E. et al Fitoterapia,
(2006). June Vol. 77 (4), pp. 313-5.
PL07- SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF COMMONLY USED HERBS, VITAMINS AND
SUPPLEMENTS DURING PREGNANCY AND LACTATION – AN EVIDENCE-BASED
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Dugoua JJ1,2,3, Mills E1,4, Perri D4, Koren G3,5
1
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine. 2Toronto Western Hospital –
University Health Network. 3Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto. 4Department
of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University. 5Motherisk Program, Hospital for Sick Children.
Emails: [email protected]; [email protected]
Background: There is a lack of basic knowledge on the part of both clinicians and patients as to the indications for
use and safety of herbs used during pregnancy and lactation. Objectives: To systematically review the literature for
evidence on 1) efficacy, 2) safety/harm during pregnancy and lactation, and 3) pharmacology of 60 commonly used
herbs, 9 commonly used supplements and 6 commonly used vitamins. Methods: We searched 7 electronic databases
and compiled data according to the grade of evidence found. Results: We found varying levels of evidence on clinical
efficacy of herbs, supplements and vitamins for different medical conditions. We found fair level of evidence of harm
during pregnancy for barberry, Oregon grape, goldenseal, blue cohosh, parsley, calamus, juniper, pennyroyal and
deadly nightshade. We found very good to good levels of evidence of safety for garlic, horsechestnut seed extract,
Echinacea, Korean ginseng, ginger, fish oils, Lactobacillus sp., St John’s wort, vitamins (D, E, K, B6, folic acid).
Conclusions: A number of herbs show evidence of being effective aids for a number of conditions, however, some
safety concerns are important to highlight for women considering the use of certain herbs during pregnancy and
lactation.
PL08-.CANNABIS: A TRADITIONAL HERBAL MEDICINE BACK INTO THE PHARMACY
Prieto JM
University of London, UK
PL09- PRE-MARKET ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL HEALTH PRODUCTS IN CANADA
Omar S
Traditional Products Unit, Natural Health Products Directorate, Health Canada, 2936 Baseline Road, Ottawa, ON,
Canada. E-mail: [email protected]
In Canada, natural health products are subject to the Natural Health Products Regulations under the authority of the
Food and Drugs Act. The Natural Health Product Regulations which came into force on January 1, 2004 are the result
45
FAPRONATURA 2006
of a comprehensive and inclusive consultation process with Canadian consumers, academics, health care
practitioners and industry stakeholders, and are a part of the Government’s response to the House of Commons
Standing Committee on Health’s report and 53 recommendations on the regulation of natural health products in
Canada. All natural health products require a product licence before they can be sold in Canada. Obtaining a licence
will require submitting detailed information on the product to Health Canada, including: medicinal ingredients, source,
potency, non-medicinal ingredients and recommended conditions of use(claim, dosage form, duration of use, route of
administration, frequency, and cautions and warnings including contra-indication and known adverse reactions). To
ensure the product quality, Good manufacturing practices for natural health products must be employed in the
manufacture of these products and a detailed specification with respect to identity, purity and quantity of the product
should be submitted. The talk will cover the different requirements of evidence required for the pre-market
assessments of natural health product in the traditional, non-traditional and compendial streams.
PL10- REGULATORY STATUS OF HERBAL MEDICINES
Remirez D
National Centre of the State quality control of drugs (CECMED). Email: [email protected]
In the last decade there has been a global upsurge in the use of traditional medicine and complementary and
alternative medicine in both developed and developing countries. This is one of the main reasons for reinforcing the
surveillance of the safety, efficacy and quality control of traditional medicine, complementary and alternative
medicines.
This work describes important aspects about the art state of the regulatory status of herbal medicines as well as the
main requirements for the registering of herbal medicinal products. Besides that, data related with the countries
involved in the WHO program for traditional medicine will be showed. Another important aspect is, the importance of
clinical trials in order to guarantee the safety quality and efficacy of NHP, the main mistakes in Clinical Trials of natural
products are explained. The market and the main challenges are analysed in the investigation of the phytomedicines
as well as the tendencies in the growth of this attractive sector.
The strategies for the development of herbal medicinal products are showed as well as some of the interactions
between natural and synthetic drugs. The natural health products are considered a very important source for the
health.
CO01- EFFECT OF PROPOLIS AND ITS POLYPHENOLIC/FLAVONOIDS COMPOUNDS ON
DNA DAMAGE INDUCED BY RADIATION TO MOUSE LYMPHOCYTES
Oršolić N1, Benković V1, Horvat-Knežević A1, Kopjar N2, and Ivan Bašić1
1
Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, HR-10000 Zagreb,
Croatia; 2Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
This study assessed the antioxidant potencies of several widespread flavonoids present in propolis and proplis alone.
CBA mice were injected intraperitoneally (ip) with two preparation of propolis (water and ethanolic extract of propolis;
WSDP or EEP) and propolis polyphenolic compounds (caffeic acid, naringin, chrysin, quercetin) at dose of 100 mg kg-1
body weight for 3 conecutive days before or after whole body γ-irradiation (WBI). Synthetic protector 2aminoethylisothiouronium bromide hydrobromide (AET) was used as a positiv control. Mice were exposed to WBI with
9 Gy of 60Co γ-radiation source. Therty min after iradiation and/or treatment with test components we examined DNA
damage of lymphocytes using the single-cell gel electophoresis assay (comet assay). The WBI of mice resulted in a
significant elevation of DNA damage of lymphocytes as compared with unradiated mice.Pretreatment of mice with
WSDP or EEP and flavonoids produced the reduction in oxidative DNA damage of lymphocytes as compared with
control and they were ranked in decreasing order of potency as follows: naringin (2.98%); chrysin (16.84%); quercetin
46
FAPRONATURA 2006
(33.67%); AET (48.52%); caffeic acid (49.51%); EEP (53.47%); and WSDP (54.46%), respectively. Also treatment with
propolis and its polyphenolic/flavonoids compounds after irradiation resulted in a significant reduction of DNA damage
as follows: caffeic acid (32.31%); AET (75.39%); naringin (78.46%); EEP (80%); chrysin (83.08%); quercetin (84.62%);
and WSDP (89.24%). These data suggest that WSDP and EEP are more protective than flavonoids from propolis
alone. Data are also consistent with the hypothesis that radioprotective activity of EEP and/or WSDP related to
synergistic antioxidative effect of components present in EEP or WSDP.
CO02- CYTOTOXICITY OF PROPOLIS AND ITS POLYPHENOLIC COMPOUNDS ON
PRIMARY CULTURE OF HUMAN URINARY BLADDER TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA
Nada Oršolić1, Damir Štajcar2, and Ivan Bašić1
1
Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, Zagreb,
Croatia;2General Hospital, Urology Department, Meštrovićeva b.b. 42000 Varaždin, Croatia
This study was carried out to find whether propolis and its polyphenolic/flavonoids compounds may induce cytotoxicity
in primary culture of human urinary bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) cells as compared to normal urinary
bladder epithelial cells. Pieces of TCC or normal epithelial tissue were collected by transurethral surgery from patients
in different stages (grade G1,G2, G3) of TCC. Incubation of TCC cells for cytotoxicity testing were carried out with or
without diffrent concentration (50, 150, 300 µg/ml) of test components. The cytotoxicity of two preparations of propolis
(water and ethanolic extract of propolis; WSDP or EEP) and its polyphenolic compounds (caffeic acid, naringin,
chrysin, and quercetin) was determined using trypan blue exlusion assay. Findings suggest that EEP is the most
effective in inhibition of urinary bladder TCC cell proliferation as compared to WSDP or single flavonoids derived from
propolis. All test components showed no cytotoxicity to normal epithelial cells. The result of this study may provide
great impact on the potential activity of EEP as an adjuvant to surgery, to suppress or prevent tumor recurrence in
urinary bladder since only a few anti-cancer drugs have been effective in tumor control. Since immunomodulation by
BCG has been used to impruve the results of surgery it is likely that propolis preparation (EEP) as immunomodulating
compound may be a substitute for mycobacterial treatment since propolis preparation or its polyphenolic components
have expressed no side effect after treatment in animal models.
CO03- THERAPEUTICS EFFICACY OF THE ULCEPROL CREAM. RESULTS OF A STUDY IN
TWO HOSPITALS
Bermúdez Ia, Frómeta Vb and Suárez Cc
a
Oriente University. Faculty of Natural Sciences. Department of Pharmacy. Patricio Lumumba s/n. Santiago of Cuba
City. Cuba. email: [email protected] b“Joaquín Castillo Duany” Military Hospital. Santiago of Cuba city. Cuba.
c
“Saturnino Lora” Provincial Hospital. Santiago of Cuba city. Cuba.
Introduction: Propolis (bee glue) is of interest to science due to its several therapeutics uses in traditional medicine
which have not yet not been totally investigated. The use of propolis in traditional medicine and its demonstrated
antioxidant and antimicrobian properties encouraged the Pharmacy Department of the Oriente University in 1992 to
elaborate a cream with propolis collected in the Manzanillo area and Contramaestre area to make its clinical use easy
and to study the effects of the propolis on the patients with diabetic foot. Material and methods: The investigation
was carried out on 240 patients with diabetic foot ulcers and 60 healthy subjects with age, sex and race similar to the
sample of the population. The clinic essay was carried out according to the Helsinki Declaration was double blind,
controlled, stratified according to the size of the lesion with inter-individual or in parallel comparison and involved 2
hospitals of Santiago of Cuba city. Serum samples were collected, before and after of the treatment and the samples
were assayed for the determination of serum susceptibility to lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity. (Ozdemirler G
y col. 1995). Wound sample was harvested and used for microbiological analysis and ulcer areas were measured by
tracing and subsequent electronic planimetry. Results: The results indicated that the creams had a significant
antimicrobial effect in ulcers infected with Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis and that the
propolis has regulator effect over the redox status because these patients show a susceptibility to the lipid
peroxidation under of 2460±6,22 nmol/L and an antioxidant capacity greater than 66,2±10,2%. Conclusions: These
results suggest that Ulceprol creams elaborated with propolis of the different areas keep the antimicrobial and
47
FAPRONATURA 2006
antioxidant effects and help to the healing of the ulcers. Ulceprol cream is an alternative in the treatment of the
diabetic foot.
CO04- PERIODONTITIS TREATMENT WITH BRAZILIAN GREEN PROPOLIS GEL
Amaral RRC, Rocha WMS, Abreu SRL, Santos VR
Department of Clinic Pathology and Surgery. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dentistry School, Universidade
Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]
Propolis has been exhibits in vitro antimicrobial properties against periodontal pathogens microorganisms. The aim of
this study was to observe the Brazilian Green Propolis gel (BGP) eficacy treatment in patients with gingivitis and
Chronic Periodontitis (CP). Four patients, 1 male and 3 females, 36, 42,46, 51 years old age, presented rooth calculus
, gingivitis, oedema, bleeding, gingival recession, pocket depths, attachment loss, suppuration, tooth mobility and
alveolar bone loss was submitted at BGP 15% treatment . The patients’ mouths were divided in four quadrants.
Superior Right (SD) - BGP irrigation; Superior Left (SL) – scraping/ smoothing dental root (RAR) and pocket depths
BGP irrigation; Inferior Right (IR) - RAR; Inferior Left (IL)- was the control. Dental brushing with BGP and washing
mouth with propolis solution daily was carried through during the treatment. BGP was applied in each periodontal
pocket 1 time week, during 5 weeks, having used barren dismissable syringe. The results shown a regression of 95%
gingivitis and suppuration in all the teeth irrigated with BGP, as well as a pocket depths reduction in all unsubmitted
and submitted teeth previously to the RAR. Do not observe alveolar bone reorganization. It was observed an increase
of gingival contraction and dental mobility reduction. In this clinic study, the patient treated with the BGP showed
periodontitis/gingivitis regression. It means that the 10% BGP used, in the therapeutic method assigned in this
research is effective in the treatment of Chronic Periodontitis. The propolis gel efficacy in periodontitis treatment is
Public Health of great interest in Brazil. Other studies with significant number patients are necessary for statistical
analysis confirmation of these results. Acknowledgments: Dentistry Studies Centre IPSEMG/ PharmaNéctar®
CO05- PRODUCTOS NATURALES EXISTENTES EN EL PROPOLEO BRASILEÑO Y SUS
DERIVADOS SINTÉTICOS PRESENTAN PROPIEDADES ANTITUMORALES
Quincoces J1, Rando DG1, Augusto-Maria D2, Galvonas M3, Hamilton G4, Estrada E5, Carvalho J6
1
Grupo de Síntese Orgânica, Universidade Bandeirante de São Paulo, Brasil. 2Instituto Butantan de São Paulo, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brasil. 4Universidad de Viena, Austria. 5Universidad de Santiago de Compostela,
España. 6Universidade de Campinas, Brasil. 1Rua Maria Cândida, 1813. Vila Guilherme. CEP: 02071-013 São Paulo,
Brasil Email: [email protected]
3
El propóleo brasileño es un producto natural formado principalmente por fenoles poli-funcionales que han mostrado
propiedades anti-neoplásicas, entre otras actividades biológicas relevantes. En el presente estudio fue realizada una
predicción de las propiedades antitumorales de productos naturales y derivados existentes en el propóleo brasileño
mediante los programas computacionales TOPS-MODE. Los productos con mayor probabilidad antitumoral potencial
fueron sintetizados a partir de fenoles. Las actividades antiproliferativas in vitro fueron determinadas con ayuda de los
métodos de Sulforodamina B, MTT y MTT modificado en diversos tipos de células tumorales humanas. Fueron
empleados en los ensayos in vivo ratones C57BL/6J a los que se les implantaron tumores de melanoma
determinándose posteriormente la actividad antitumoral de los compuestos. Los derivados de la vanilina mostraron
una actividad antitumoral in vivo significativa. Los derivados fenólicos prenilados exhibieron una alta acción antiproliferativa contra células tumorales humanas de pulmón, mama, colon y páncreas sin afectar los fibroblastos. Se
concluye que se obtuvieron resultados muy destacados en los ensayos anti-proliferativos in vitro e in vivo efectuados
a compuestos pertenecientes a 6 familias de productos naturales y sus derivados con una baja toxicidad.
Referencias: 1. Quincoces, J. et al.(2003) Brazilian Patent PI 02007141-0 (PCT/Br 03/00177, 2003; USA No PCT/Br 2003/000177;
Japan No 2004-554088; Europa No 03773364.9. 2. Quincoces, J., et al.,Patente DE 102005044156.4, 2005. [3] Quincoces, J,, et
al.,Patente DE 102004032711.4-44, 2004.
48
FAPRONATURA 2006
CO06- THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF Serenoa repens EXTRACT IN HUMAN PROSTATE
Habib-Fouad K and Buck C
Prostate Research Group, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, School of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, the
University of Edinburgh, 4th Floor, MRC Human Genetics Building, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South,
Edinburgh EH4 2XU
Medical therapies derived from natural sources have been used for centuries and many are recognised for being as
effective as synthetically based medications. The use of plant derived medication for lower urinary tract symptoms
associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia is no exception. In particular extracts of the fruit of the American Dwarf
Palm (Serenoa repens, saw palmetto) are widely available and their use is rising throughout the world. The underlying
basis for the popularity of Serenoa repens extracts (SrE) stems from their safety and tolerability profile. However, in
spite of their extensive use, the mechanism of action of SrE has not been definitely clarified. In the present report, we
will survey the scientific basis for the efficacy of this drug in the treatment of prostate diseases and explore the
mechanism(s) by which SrE may induce its clinical benefits. In particular, we will concentrate on the action of
Permixon®, a lipido-sterolic extract commercialised by Pierre Fabré Medicament. This brand has been subjected to
greater scrutiny and involved in more clinical trials and pharmacological analyses than any other preparation of SrE.
Permixon® is selective for prostate cells since cells derived from breast, skin, epididymis, testes and kidney appear
not to be susceptible to the drug. Treatment of prostate cells with Permixon® damages the intracellular membrane of
the cells and ultimately induces apoptosis. The compound has also been shown to be a non-competitive inhibitor of 5alpha-reductase, the enzyme responsible for the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone in the prostate.
Additionally, Permixon® has been found to exhibit anti-oestrogenic and anti-inflammatory properties; the latter
mediated via the inhibition of the cyclooxygenase enzymes associated with the synthesis of prostaglandins in target
cells. So far, we have been unable to identify the nature of the active ingredient in SrE responsible for the action of the
drug. However, preliminary data suggests that this might be induced in part by free fatty acids alone or in combination
with phyto-oestrogens present in the extracts. This talk will review some of these biological properties and explore the
impact of phyto therapy in the treatment of prostatic diseases.
CO07- TREATMENT OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA IN DIFFERENT POBLATIONAL
GROUP. EFFICACY OF TWO PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS OF NATURAL IRON
(TROFIN & NEOTROFIN)
Aznar-García Ea, González HRa, González Ma, Díaz BYa, Barquié Mb, González Mb, Moroño Mb, Carrasco Mb and
Leyva Bb
a
Centro Nacional de Biopreparados. BioCen. Apartado 6048. Habana 6. Ciudad de La Habana. Cuba. bPoliclínico
Elpidio Berovides. La Lisa. Hospital Pediátrico “William Soler”; Centro Iberoamericano para la Tercera Edad. Hopital
“Salvador Allende”. Ciudad de La Habana. Cuba. Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
Introduction: Iron deficiency anaemia in a common problem. It’s commonly treated by giving iron salts, but the salts
preparations cause adverse effects, and the treatment wasn’t continued. These observations suggest that other new
products with an other iron may be an alternative for obtain products with high absorption, efficacy an tolerability.
We obtain an antianaemic and restorative product developed from natural raw materials, and its composition includes
proteins, peptide, aminoacids and minerals (ferrous iron) and bee honey. The objective is the study the efficacy and
tolerability of these products Neotrofin and Trofin in the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia. Material and methods:
Two pharmaceutical formulas was elaborated: oral solutions (Trofin/Biotrofer) and tablets (Neotrofin) with an antianaemia action.In the Clinical trials studies follow the Good Clinical Practices of these protocols. Audlts patients with
anemia were enrolled into this group (610 patients; 1005 children’s and 247 pregnant women. These one was
administrated with Trofin solution. Neotrofin tables were evaluated in pregnant womans. Hematological indicator was
studied before and after the treatment administrations. Results: The increase in hemoglobin, with Trofin was in moyens
value 98g/L and 118 g/L before and after treatment. The efficacy was 90.5 %; In the children populations; 90.2 % in
the adults and 85 % in pregnant womans. In this group there is difference with Neotrofin (tablets) with 90 % efficacy.
An increase in serum iron was demonstrated. The Comparative Clinical Trials between Trofin and iron salts showed in
children the following advantages of this Trofin in these one none adverse reaction. These results showed that natural
iron has high solubility and absorption. Conclusions: Trofin, Neotrofin are products with a high biological value to
49
FAPRONATURA 2006
prevent and treat iron deficiencies; for the efficacy and tolerance, it is a product of choice for all ages. The studies that
allowed to obtain the Sanitary Register in Cuba, and others country.
CO08- CLINICAL TRIALS ON THE EFFICACY OF AN EXTRACT OF Rhizophora mangle, L.
BARK EXTRACT IN SKIN AND MUCOSA WOUNDS HEALING
Fernández Limia O,a de Armas E,a Sarracent Yb and Dalla Gc
a
CENSA, Carretera de Jamaica y Autopista Nacional, San José de las Lajas, La Habana, Cuba, bHospital Docente
“Freire de Andrade”, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba. cHospital Militar Docente “Carlos J. Finlay” Ciudad de La Habana,
Cuba. E-mail: [email protected]
Introduction: The antiseptic and wound healing stimulating effects of Rhizophora mangle, L bark extract (RMBE)
were evaluated in a model of skin open surgical wounds and in another of not induced oral wounds (aphthous ulcers).
Material and methods: Thirty seven patients with open wounds of surgical interventions by pilonidal sinus (23,
62.2%) and cysts (14, 37.8%), were voluntarily recruited in a comparative, single blinded clinical study, which were
random distributed in 3 groups of treatment: RMBE once a day, twice a day and mercurochrome (Merbromin) twice a
day. The efficacy of the treatments was evaluated weekly since 10 to 12 days after surgery until 6 weeks through the
reduction of the wounds’ area by digital images planimetry and the security by the registration of adverse effects. The
initial area was taken in consideration as covariable in the Lineal Generalized Model employed for ANOVA analysis. In
order to evaluate the wound healing effect in oral mucosa, 32 patients with aphthous ulcers were recruited in a
controlled single blinded, random clinical trial, 15 were treated with Placebo and 17 with RMBE from Monday to Friday,
topically once to the day. The efficacy of treatment was evaluated through the aphthae evolution by clinical
observation. Results: In all cases of skin wounds treated with RMBE a fine dark layer, covering the wounds, was
observed. There were differences (p< 0.05) in the reduction of the wounds areas of the groups treated with RMBE
once or twice per day compared with the control of mercurochrome since the fourth week of the operation, without
finding differences between them. Cases of adverse reactions to the R. mangle formulation were not observed. In oral
mucosa wounds group treated with RMBE showed a decrease of 11.67±0.84 to 7.29±0.39 days and of 7.55±0.65 to
3.4±0.27 days in order to reach the conditions of healed and enhanced, respectively (p<0.0001), besides it was
capable of diminish the duration of the erythema from 10.54±1.24 to 4.94±0.72 days (p=0.0003), difficulty chewing
from 7.43±1.21 to 2.92±0.23 days (p=0.0011) and of soreness from 7.00±0.76 to 2.93±0.49 days (p=0.0001). Adverse
effects were not observed. Conclusions: With these studies the beneficial effect of the extract of R. mangle was
demonstrated in skin and oral mucosa wounds reducing the time of healing and improving the life quality of patients.
Acknowledgements: To Drs. Luis Espinosa (“Freire de Andrade” Hospital) and Jose Capdevila (“Carlos J Finlay” Hospital) for their
helpful suggestions and support.
CO09- ECHINACEA AND GINSENG FOR IMMUNE ENHANCEMENT AND PREVENTION OF
RESPIRATORY INFECTION
Barrett B
University of Wisconsin – Madison, Department of Family Medicine. 777 South Mills, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Email:
[email protected]
Introduction: Many different phytomedicines are used to enhance the immune system and protect against acute
respiratory infection. Here we focus on published evidence from human trials testing extracts of Panax (ginseng) and
Echinacea species. Methods: We searched MedLine/PubMed and other databases to find reports of all randomized
controlled trials (RCTs) testing ginseng or echinacea for immune enhancement and/or prevention against acute
respiratory infection (common cold and influenza). Results: Several RCT reports suggest that Panax extracts can
effect adaptive (specific) and innate (nonspecific) immune pathways. Double-blinded RCTs by Scaglione (1996),
McElhaney (2004), and Predy (2005) suggest that ginseng may prevent respiratory infection and/or reduce symptoms.
Scaglione also reports enhanced antibody response to influenza vaccination. Numerous studies report
immunostimulating effects of various echinacea extracts, with enhanced macrophage and natural killer cell activity the
best established. While at least 16 RCTs have tested echiancea as treatment for respiratory infection, only eight have
looked for preventive effects. Of these, three reported significant benefits. The other five trend toward benefit without
50
FAPRONATURA 2006
reaching statistical significance. Pooling data from three “negative” induced cold (inoculated rhinovirus) RCTs, a metaanalysis by Schoop et al. (2006) reports that “the likelihood of experiencing a clinical cold was 55% higher with
placebo than with echinacea (O.R. 1.55 [95% CI, 1.02 - 2.36]; p < 0.043.” We could not find reports of RCTs testing
echinacea for ability to enhance immune response to vaccination. Conclusions: Randomized controlled trials suggest
that ginseng and echinacea phytomedicines may act through immune pathways to protect against acute respiratory
infection. Plan: We have proposed a double blind RCT in which 630 adults aged 50 and older would be randomized to
ginseng, echinacea or placebo, then followed for eight months, with symptoms and biomarkers (nasal neutrophil,
interleukin-8, PCR identification of viruses) assessed for all acute respiratory infections. Subjects would also receive
influenza vaccination, with serum antibody level assessed three weeks after vaccination. This research proposal to
the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine at the U.S. National Institutes of Health was sent
June 1, 2006, and not yet been reviewed.
References: 1. F. Scaglione, G. Cattaneo, M. Alessandria, and R. Cogo. Efficacy and safety of the standardized ginseng extract G
115 for potentiating vaccination against common cold and/or influenza syndrome. DRUGS EXPTL.CLIN.RES. 22 (2):65-72, 1996. 2.
J. E. McElhaney, S. Gravenstein, S. K. Cole, E. Davidson, D. O'neill, S. Petitjean, B. Rumble, and J. J. Shan. A placebo-controlled
trial of a proprietary extract of North American ginseng (CVT-E002) to prevent acute respiratory illness in institutionalized older
adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 52 (1):13-19, 2004. 3. G. N. Predy, V. Goel, R. Lovlin, A. Donner, L. Stitt, and T.
K. Basu. Efficacy of an extract of North American ginseng containing poly-furanosyl-pyranosyl-saccharides for preventing upper
respiratory tract infections: a randomized controlled trial. Canadian Medical Association Journal/Journal de L'Association Medicale
Canadienne 173 (9):1043-1048, 2005. 4. R. Schoop, P. Klein, A. Suter, and S. L. Johnston. Echinacea in the prevention of induced
Rhinovirus colds. Clinical Therapeutics 28 (2):1-10, 2006.
See also: 5. B. Barrett, M. Vohmann, and C. Calabrese. Echinacea for upper respiratory infection: Evidence-based clinical review.
Journal of Family Practice 48 (8):628-635, 1999. 6. B. P. Barrett, R. L. Brown, K. Locken, R. Maberry, J. A. Bobula, and D.
D'Alessio. Treatment of the common cold with unrefined echinacea: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Annals of
Internal Medicine 137 (12):939-946, 2002. 7. B. Barrett. Medicinal properties of Echinacea: A critical review. Phytomedicine 10
(1):66-86, 2003. 8. K. Linde, B. Barrett, K. Wolkart, R. Bauer, and D. Melchart. Echinacea for preventing and treating the common
cold. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1):CD000530, 2006.
CO10- BOSWELLIA-GLYCYRRHIZIN-CURCUMIN PREPARATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF
CHRONIC HEPATITIS C: A DOUBLE-BLIND, RANDOMIZED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED PHASE
I/II TRIAL
Badria-Farid A1 and Said S 2
1
Departments of Pharmacognosy and 2Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Background: Alpha-interferon monotherapy leads to hepatitis C virus (HCV)-RNA clearance in a minority of
patients. Although combination therapy with Ribavirin increases efficacy, the sustained response rate is still
below 50%.. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of Boswellia-Glycyrrhizin-Curcumin preparation on serum
alanine aminotransferase (ALT), hepatitis C virus (HCV)-RNA and its safety among Egyptian patients. Methods:
120 patients with chronic hepatitis C, non-responders or unlikely to respond to interferon therapy, were
randomized to one of the two groups: Boswellia-Glycyrrhizin-Curcumin treated or placebo. Medication was administered
orally thrice daily for 12, 24, and 36 weeks. Results: Within 2 weeks of start of therapy, serum ALT had dropped
15% below baseline (P< 0.02). The mean ALT decrease at the end of active treatment was 72%, significantly
higher than the placebo group (6%). Normalization of ALT at the end of treatment occurred in 70% (four of 41).
The effect on ALT sustained after cessation of therapy. During treatment, viral clearance was observed: the
mean decrease in plasma HCV-RNA after active treatment was 4.1 x 10 6 genome equivalents/mL (95%
confidence interval, 0-8.2 x 106; P> 0.1). No major side-effects were noted. None of the patients withdrew from
the study because of intolerance. Conclusions: Boswellia-Glycyrrhizin-Curcumin thrice daily for 36 weeks, lowers
serum ALT during treatment and cleared HCV-RNA levels between weeks 24 and 36. The preparation appears to
be safe and is well tolerated.
51
FAPRONATURA 2006
CO11- MODULATION OF NF-κB PATHWAY BY Mangifera indica L. EXTRACT (VIMANG®)
AS THE MOLECULAR MECHANISM RESPONSIBLE OF ITS IMMUNOLOGICAL AND ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES
García D1, Garrido G1, Delgado R1, Muñoz E2, Leiro JM3
1
Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry. 200 and 21, Atabey, Playa, Havana. Cuba. 2Laboratory of Immunology,
University of Córdoba, 3Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
The transcription factor, nuclear factor κB (NFκB), is believed to play a pivotal role in immune and inflammatory
responses through the regulation of genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules, chemokines,
enzymes and growth factors. In resting cells, NF-κB is retained in the cytoplasm as an inactive complex with the
inhibitor κB (IκB). Cellular stimulation with various agents leads to phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and subsequent
degradation of IκB. This leaves NF-κB free to translocate to the nucleus, where it binds to κB sites in specific target
genes and induces the transcription of genes related with immune and inflammatory response. Vimang® is the brand
name of an aqueous extract of the stem bark of Mangifera indica L. that contains a defined mixture of components
including polyphenols (principally mangiferin), triterpenes, phytosteroids, fatty acids and microelements. This extract
has reported anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities. This study investigated the effects of
Mangifera indica L. extract (Vimang®) on expression and activation mediated by TNFα of NFκB. Western blot and
EMSA on Jurkat cells were used to determine the IκB degradation and NF-κB in the nuclear extract, respectively. The
levels of mRNA of NF-κB and IκB were determined by RT-PCR on activated peritoneal murine macrophages. The
extract (25 µg/mL) prevented TNFα-induced IκB degradation and the binding of NF-κB to the DNA. Also, the extract at
4-400 µg/mL decreased mRNA levels of NF-κB but did not affect expression of the NFκB inhibitor IκB. In previous
studies, we demonstrated that Mangifera indica L. (40-400 µg/mL) reduced levels of mRNA of NOS-2, COX-2, TNFα,
IL-1β and GM-CSF on activated macrophages with LPS and IFNγ. The gene transcription of all of these proteins is
regulated by NF-κB. These experimental evidences can be explained by the Mangifera indica L. extract modulation of
NF-κB. In conclusion, the Mangifera indica L. extract modulates the NF-κB pathway by inhibition of the gene
transcription of NF-κB, IκB degradation and the binding of NF-κB to the DNA. This study may help to explain at the
molecular level some of the biological activities attributed to the aqueous stem bark extract of Mangifera indica L.
(Vimang®).
CO12- Mangifera indica L. EXTRACT MODULATES TCR-INDUCED NF- κB SIGNALLING IN
HUMAN T LYMPHOCYTES
Hernandez P1, Rodriguez PC1, Delgado R1, Walczak H2
1
Department of Biomedical Research, Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, PO Box 16042, Havana, Cuba. 2Apoptosis
Regulation, Tumor Immunology Program, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, D-69120
Heidelberg, Germany. E-mail: [email protected]
A particular form of apoptosis induced by repeated T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation, known as activation-induced cell
death (AICD), maintain the immune system homeostasis. The imbalance in this apoptotic process leads to severe
diseases. CD95 ligand (CD95L) expression is crucial in the induction of AICD. TCR engagement results in the
activation of several transcription factors including AP-1, NF-κB and NF-AT that cooperatively act on the CD95L
promoter to induce de novo transcription. It is well established that NF-κB is activated by oxidative signals produced
during TCR signalling. The stem bark extract from Mangifera indica L. (Vimang), rich in polyphenolic compounds, has
probed in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities. We have previously established M. indica extract protects T cell from
in vitro AICD by a mechanism that involves AP-1 and NF-AT signalling. In the present study, we investigated the
contribution of NF-κB in the protective effect demonstrated by M. indica extract in T cells. The effects of M. indica
extract on TCR-mediated activation of IκB and NF-κB (p65) proteins in the cytosol were examined by immunoblot
kinetic analysis in human peripheral blood T lymphocytes. TCR activation was mimicked by anti-CD3 antibodies. Our
results show, M. indica extract treatment caused a decrease in the constitutive protein expression of NF-κB (p65). We
also found, M. indica extract did not influence on IκB degradation but reduced the increase of NF-κB (p65) protein
52
FAPRONATURA 2006
expression induced upon TCR triggering. Our findings suggest that the T cell survival effect of M. indica extract on T
cells is associated with its capacity to modulate NF-κB signalling.
CO13- Mangifera indica L. EXTRACT (VIMANG) AND MANGIFERIN REDUCE NEURONAL
LOSS AND OXIDATIVE DAMAGE AFTER EXCITOTOXIC INSULTS
Lemus-Molina Ya, Sánchez MVb, Delgado Ra, Matute Cb
a
Laboratorio de Farmacología, Dpto. Investigaciones Biomédicas. Centro de Química Farmacéutica, Cuidad Habana,
Cuba. bLaboratorio de Neurobiología, Dpto de Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad del
País Vasco, Leioa, Vizcaya, España. E-mail: [email protected] .
Introduction: High intracellular level of Ca2+, oxidative stress and apoptosis play an important roll in degenerative
diseases of Central Nervous System. They can be consequences of glutamatergic excitotoxicity. Due to the
importance of oxidative stress on the neural dead evoked by glutamatergic excitoxicity, some antioxidant products
have been studied as therapeutic agents. Material and methods: In vitro antioxidant properties of Vimang and
mangiferin were analized by 1,1 diphenil -2- picril hidrazil (DPPH). Absorbance was quantified at regular intervals of 10
min for a period of 1 h. Neuronal cultures were obtained from the cerebral cortex of rat embryos (18 days) and
maintained for 8 days before the experiment. Neurons were exposed for 10 min to 50 µM of glutamic acid and glicine
to evoke excitotoxicity. Neuronal damage was analyzed 3 h after insult. Reactive oxygen species and neural survival
were quantified 15, 30, 60 and 180 min after that time using H2DCFDA and Calcein AM assay, respectively. To study
the effect of Vimang and mangiferin on the mitochondrial membrane potential, neurons were exposed for 10 min to
glutamic acid. 30 min after stimulation, neurons were incubated for 15 min at 370C in TMRE o calcein AM and
mitochondrial membrane potential values were measured. Results: Antioxidant properties of Vimang were obtained
from 10 min after the incubation and it was maintained for 40 min. Its maximum of neural dead inhibition was 40.16 ±
1.5% when it was used a concentration of 5 µg/ml. Antioxidant properties of mangiferin were observed from 20 min
after the beginning of the reaction. Maximum inhibition of DPPH radical production was obtained 20 min latter when a
concentration of 6.25 µg/ml was used. This inhibition had a value of 28.13 ± 1.0181%. Both Vimang and mangiferin
protected against glutamic acid- induced dead, 30% and 45% respectively. They also inhibited the oxidative stress
evoked by the excitotoxic stimulus. Vimang was effective 15, 30 and 60 min post- stimulation and mangiferin was
effective 15, 30 y 180 min after insult. On the other hand, neurons recovered the normal value of the mitochondrial
membrane potential when they were treated with Vimang at concentrations of 5µg/ml and 2.5 µg/ml. mangiferin had
the same effect at concentrations of 25 µg/ml and 6.25 µg/ml. Conclusions: Early modulation of cellular mechanisms
triggered by glutamatergic excitoxicity makes Vimang and mangiferin important therapeutic candidates in the
treatment of nervous diseases in which excitotoxicity and oxidative stress are present.
CO14- ANTI-ANGIOGENIC ACTIVITY OF Mangifera indica L. STEM BARK EXTRACT AND
ITS GLUCOSYL XANTHONE MANGIFERIN
Delgado Ra, Rodríguez Ja, Herrera Ba, Rojas Aa, Beltran Aa, Sordo Lb, Nuevas Lb, Garrido Ga, Núñez Ab
a
Pharmacology and b Chemical Analysis Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Research. Center of Pharmaceutical
Chemistry, P.O. Box 16042, Atabey, Playa, Havana, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected]
Angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels, is an important process in tissue development and wound
healing but becomes pathologic when associated with solid tumor growth, proliferative retinopathies and rheumatoid
arthritis. Chemically characterized and standardized Mangifera indica L stem bark extract (MISBE) is used in Cuba for
the ethnomedical treatment of cancer and others diseases as antioxidant supplement. Its main chemical ingredient,
mangiferin (MF), is a glucosilxanthone which has been known for its immunomodulatory, antitumoral and antiinflammatory actions. MISBE was assessed in three “in vitro” models for human angiogenesis: human placental blood
vessel explants assay, the gel-over-gel and the matrigel assays. In addition, experimental in vivo models of
angiogenesis were performed using matrigel and tumors cells. MISBE (12,5-100 µg/mL), present in the culture
medium, significantly exhibited an inhibitory effect on capillary tubes formation in the first two assays and did not
modified the tubes-like formation of endothelial cells on matrigel. Mangiferin abolished the neovascularization in the
sandwich assay. Both, MISBE and mangiferin, were capable of reduce the TNFα induced angiogenesis in mice into
53
FAPRONATURA 2006
matrigel and the tumor neovascularization induced by melanoma B16F1 cells. Others results suggest that the
antiangiogenic mechanism could involve the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases degradation. The results of the
present investigation demonstrate that the extract possesses antiangiogenic properties in vitro and in vivo with
mechanisms that involve the inhibition of the activity of the metalloproteinases, being able to represent a therapeutic
alternative of natural sources that could be used after developing further preclinical and clinical studies for the
treatment of some types of tumors.
CO15- FE(III) SHIFTS THE MITOCHONDRIA PERMEABILITY TRANSITION-ELICITING
CAPACITY OF MANGIFERIN TO ORGANELLE’S PROTECTION. A POTENTIAL
PROTECTIVE MECHANISM TOWARDS PROOXIDANT ACTION OF CATECHOLCONTAINING ANTIOXIDANTS
Pardo-Andreu GL1, Cavalheiro RA2, Naal Z3, Delgado R1, Vercesi AE2, Curti C3
1
Departamento de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Centro de Química Farmacêutica, Calle 200, Esq. 21, Playa,
Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba. Tel.: (53 7) 2715067, Fax: (53 7) 2736471. E-mail: [email protected].
2
Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. 3Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de
Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Café s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Mangiferin displays an important antioxidant activity on mitochondria (Eur.J.Pharmacol. 513:47-55, 2005), but in the
presence of Ca2+ it elicits mitochondrial permeability transition – MPT (Arch.Biochem.Biophys. 439:184-193, 2005), as
evidenced by cyclosporine A-sensitive mitochondrial swelling. We now provide evidence by means of electrochemical
and UV-Vis spectroscopical analysis that Fe(III) coordinates with mangiferin, both preventing it to display MPT-eliciting
capacity, and enabling it to display MPT-inhibiting capacity via reactive oxygen species scavenging, in apparent
association with the protection of mitochondrial glutathione (GSH) and/or membrane protein thiols from oxidation.
Accordingly, Fe(III) significantly improved the capacity of mangiferin to scavenge the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl –
DPPH radical, as well as to display antioxidant activity towards t-butyl hydroperoxide-induced H2O2 accumulation and
membrane lipid peroxidation in mitochondria. We postulate therefore, that coordination with Fe(III) constitutes a
potential mechanism protecting catechol-containing antioxidants from inducing MPT, as well as a possibly ideal
approach for the use of these compounds in pathological iron overloading.
CO16- RESULTS OF RESEARH WITH AN EXTRACT OF Mangifera indica L. (VIMANG®):
FROM ETHNOMEDICINE TO CLINICAL TRIALS
Guevara M, Álvarez A, Riaño A, Pardo G, Reynaldo G, Garrido G, Delgado R
Biomedical Research Department. Centre of Pharmaceutical Chemistry. 200 str. and 21 Ave., Atabey, Postal Code
11600. Havana City, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
For more than one hundred year the plants have been used as medicinal aims. Mango (Mangifera indica L.), which
belongs to the Anacardiaceae family, is widely found in Cuba and in many other tropical and sub-tropical regions,
Mango stem bark has been traditionally used like aqueous extract, obtained by decoction, in ethnomedical practice.
The Centre of Pharmaceutical Chemistry has within its high-priority lines of work the introduction of this natural product
for medical use. The extract has a lot of scientific evidences, related with its pharmacological properties. The first
clinical investigation was made with the objective to know the traditional applications, the effectiveness and the
potentialities of the extract of Mangifera indica L. in ours conditions. For approximately 10 years, we are working on
preclinical demonstration of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulador effects. After that, our institution
began the development of a strategy of clinical evaluation, for demonstrating the therapeutic effectiveness of the
extract in diverse pharmaceutical forms through controlled clinical trials in diseases with an important inflammatory
or/and oxidative stress component that guarantee the introduction of Vimang® like phytomedicine. The present work
shows the results of clinical trials until the present time with Vimang® in patients with AIDS, in aging, intense physical
exercise, bronchial asthma and its effect on blood coagulation. Besides, this work shows the strategies for the future.
54
FAPRONATURA 2006
CO17- PLANT MEDICINAL: COMPILATION OF CUBAN AUTHORS SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES
Castro R, Suárez A, González R, Tillán J, Díaz A, Domínguez MT, Vizoso F
Drug Research and Development Center (CIDEM). Pharmaceutical Information Center (CINFA). Ave 26 No. 1605 e/
Boyeros y Puentes Grandes. Plaza. Ciudad de La Habana. CP: 10600. Cuba.
E-Mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
An informative product is presented in format CD-ROM that contains 621 scientific articles published by Cuban
authors between 1968 and 2006. This compilation, in its version 1.0, constitutes the first step in the effort to
materialize a source of national information in digital format that contains the biggest volume possible of articles on the
thematic one published in national journals and foreigners. For all the works it is available the complete text and you
consents to the same one through five indexes: titles of articles, authors, years, publication and institutions. The
product has an index of more than 970 Cuban authors and foreigners and the participation of more than 120 scientific
and educational institutions. This valuable information resource, supported in multimedia format, also describes the
fundamental antecedents that give him origin, as well as the perspectives for the inclusion of new scientific articles.
CO18- EFFECTS OF RHYNCHOPHYLLINE ON RAT CORTICAL NEURONS STRESSED BY
METHAMPHETAMINE
Mo ZX1, Xu DD1, Yung KKL2
1
School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China. 2Department of Biology,
Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, PR China. E-mail: [email protected]
Methamphetamine (MA), a psychostimulant, has been known to induce a psychologic dependence and damage in
central nerve system. Rhynchophylline (Rhy) is a tetracyclic oxindole alkaloid isolated from Uncaria rhynchophylla
(Miq.) Jacks., which has been long used as a medicinal herb in China. In the present study, the neurotoxicity of MA,
the calcium changes involved in the MA dependence and the effects of Rhy on rat cortical neurons treated with MA
were investigated. MTT assay were used and the free intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]) were determined
by the Fluo-3/AM method. The results showed that neurotoxicity of MA was in a dose-dependent manner within the
concentration range of 10-150 µ mol/L. The level of [Ca2+] in the cultured cortical neurons was markedly elevated after
chronic exposure of MA for 48 h. Rhy had a neuroprotective effect against MA in culture viability. Rhy, at the
concentration of 20 µ mol/L, significantly decreased [Ca2+] of cortical neurons pre-treated with MA . The study
indicated that NMDA receptors and calcium signalling play important roles in MA dependence. Rhy showed a
neuroprotective action against MA in vitro, which resembles the effect of noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist
ketamine. This property of Rhy may also contribute to the neural activity of the origin of Uncaria species plants. These
results suggest Rhy may be of benefit to treatment for MA dependence. Acknowledgements: Supported by: the National
Science Foundation of China, No.30371773.
55
FAPRONATURA 2006
CO19- THE DISCRIMINATIVE STIMULUS PROPERTIES OF Mitragyna speciosa EXTRACT IN
RATS
Aziz Z, Latiff A Aishah
1
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia. 2Doping Control
Center, University of Science, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
Introduction: Mitragyna speciosa KORTH (Rubiaceae) is a tree native to South East Asia and the abuse of the leaves
is a growing problem in these countries. The abuse poses a potential drug abuse problem world-wide, as Mitragyna
speciosa seeds are currently both sought after and advertised on the internet. Objectives: A drug discrimination
procedure was used to determine whether the crude extract was associated with a specific stimulus effect and to
characterise these effects in comparison to other psychoactive drugs. Method: Rats were trained in drug
discrimination assays to discriminate between a drug (extract) state and a no drug (saline) state under FR10 schedule
of reinforcement for glucose rewards in standard Skinner Boxes. Trainings were continued until response rates
approximated to a “steady” state. To determine whether mitragynine (the main alkaloid) will generalise to the extract,
various doses of mitragynine was substituted with the extract. In an attempt to characterise the discriminative cues of
the extract, another four groups of ten rats each were trained to respond differentially to training drugs and saline. The
four training drugs were morphine, d-amphetamine, cocaine and pentobarbital. When the rats met the learning criteria,
various doses of the extract and mitragynine were administered. Results: Rats trained to discriminate the extract and
saline required many training sessions to reach the performance criteria, indicating that the extract produced weak
control over differential lever responding compared to the more readily discriminable drugs like d-amphetamine and
pentobarbital. Mitragynine showed generalisation to the extract. However, both the extract and mitragynine did not
generalise to the four psychoactive drugs tested indicating different discriminative control. Conclusion: The findings
suggest that Mitragyna speciosa has weak but unique discriminative stimulus properties and mitragynine may be the
psychoactive constituents of the leaves.
CO20- BEHAVIOURAL AND THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF Ignatia amara CONTAINING
COMPLEX HOMEOPATHIC REMEDIES
Wasilewski BW
Medical Centre for Postgraduate Education, Psychosomatic Institute, Poleczki str. 49, 02-822 Warsaw, Poland.
Objective: With the example of treatment of menopause-related vegetative and emotional disturbances, the author
verifies the effectiveness of the use of Ignatia amara plant extracts containing complex homeopathic remedies
(IACCHR) by 933 patients. Very low cost of production for IACCHM group treatments and the lack of patent limitation
with respect to the composition and manner of manufacture of these preparations, improves importance of this
communication. Results: Substantial improvement in psychological and psychosomatic symptoms was observed.
Climacteric complaints including depression diminished or disappeared completely in the majority of women.
Compared to standard pharmaceuticals, IACCHR treatment was tolerated better and lower risk of side effects was
observed. Specific effects in pharmacological tests confirmed psychotropic activity of Ignatia amara. Spontaneous
locomotor and exploratory activity was evaluated by rats in the open field test; the influence on acquisition,
consolidation and retrieval of conditioned responses were assessed in the passive avoidance situation using the onetrial-learning method. The elevated “plus” maze was used to estimate effects of IACCHR on anxiety. Drug was
administered in form of Ignatia Homaccord preparation once at a single dose of 5 drops, or 5 drops was given every
15 min during one hour directly into the stomach. Single or multiple administered Ignatia Homaccord did not change
mobility of rats in the open field test, except diminished rearings in 10 min of observation in manifold given Ignatia
Homaccord - group of rats; and did not influence on acquisition and consolidation in the passive avoidance situation.
This drug used once significantly enhanced retrieval of passive avoidance but used at a multiple doses impaired this
process. Ignatia Homaccord given only at the single dose produced significant anxiolytic-like effect in elevated “plus”
maze. Conclusions: Main benefit arising from the research conducted for this work is the identification of IACCHM – a
new group of treatments, previously unidentified in the psychopharmacological literature.
References: 1. Wasilewski B.W. Homeopathic remedies as placebo alternative – verification on the example of treatment of
menopause-related vegetative and emotional disturbances. Science and Engineering Ethics, 2004,10, 179-188. 2. Wasilewski B.W.
56
FAPRONATURA 2006
Depression and anxiety symptoms as integrative part of menopausal syndrome – how far anti-depressive treatment should be
integrative part of the therapy. J. of Psychosomatic Research , 2004, 56,6, 670.
CO21- SURFACEN AND SP-A: PRECLINICAL RESEARCH IN RESPIRATORY DISTRESS
SYNDROME
Blanco-Hidalgo O
Chemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology Group, National Centre for Animal and Plant Heath (CENSA), Apdo. 10,
San José de las Lajas, La Habana, Cuba. E-mail:[email protected]
Introduction: The pharmaceutical application of exogenous natural pulmonary surfactant preparations has shown its
efficiency in the therapeutical treatment of neonates with Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS). In Cuba, the natural
exogenous pulmonary surfactant SURFACEN has proved to be effective in RDS. There are evidences that this
treatment and addition of protein SP-A might be effective in other lung disease for example Acute Respiratory Distress
Syndrome (ARDS). The present work shows the biophysical, anti-inflammatory and bactericidal properties of
SURFACEN and antioxidant properties of SP-A. Material and methods: SURFACEN from porcine lung lavage was
produced and supplied by CENSA and SP-A is obtaining by purification from lung lavage, biophysical properties was
measured by interfacial, morphology and thermotropic methods; anti-inflammatory properties by in vitro and animal
models and antioxidants properties of SP-A by Fenton system. Results: The results showed that SURFACEN
presents properties similar interfacial to the natural surfactant, including the presence of quick transitions bicapamonocapa, low surface tensions and stability during repeated cycles of compression-expansion. These properties
turned out to be superior to those of a commercial exogenous surfactant. From the structural point of view
SURFACEN show processes of lateral separation of similar phases to those of the native surfactant and thermotropic
properties consistent in transitions of complex phases. SURFACEN administrated intratracheal in rats challenge with
LPS, showed the inhibitory effect on myeloperoxidase activity, malonaldehyde levels and total cell number. Also was
able to reduce the TNF level produced in LPS-stimulated monocytes and inhibit the ICAM-1 in cell assays.
SURFACEN was able to reduce of colony forming units in all types of bacteria tested, showing antibacterial effect on
bacteria causing lung disease. Sp-A is able to reduce the TBARS in dexosiribose assays and protects SURFACEN
from oxidative stresses.These results demonstrate that SURFACEN can be considering as adequate preparation to
improve the physiological status of ARDS patients and and its enrichment with SP-A it will allow to have a more
efficient pharmaceutical preparation. Acknowledgments:I wish to express my gratitude to Professor Jesús Pérez Gil,
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain for
the opportunity offered to collaborate with CENSA staff on lung surfactant research, also to Professor Angel Catala
from National University, La Plata, Argentina and Dr Rene Delgado from Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Center.
Thanks are due to The Cuban Minister of Public Health and The Cuban Minister of Higher Education for financial
support of the projects.
References: 1. Blanco O and Catala A (2001) Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids 65: 185-190. 2. Sánchez J et
al. (2002). Revista Cubana de Farmacia 36: 58-60. 2000. 3 Blanco et al (2000) Applied Cardiopulmonary Pathophysiology, 9: 201 –
203.4. Terraza et al. (2005) Biochemical and Biophysical Acta.
CO22- CURCUMIN, NORDIHYDRGUIARETIC ACID, QUERCETIN AND RESVERATROL
INHIBIT INTERLEUKIN-1-INDUCED ADAMTS-4 (AGGRECANASE-1) GENE EXPRESSION BY
IN ARTICULAR CHONDROCYTES: NATURAL PRODUCTS AS POTENTIAL ANTI-ARTHRITIC
AGENTS
El Mabrouk M, Ahmad R, Sylvester J and Zafarullah M
Department of Medicine, University of Montreal and Research Centre of CHUM Notre-Dame Hospital, 1560
Sherbrooke E, Montreal Quebec Canada H2L 4M1
Introduction: Interleukin-1 (IL-1β) is the main proinflammatory cytokine stimulant of cartilage degeneration in arthritis.
Aggrecanases (ADAMTS or A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase with ThromboSpondin motifs) are enzymes
implicated in tissue remodeling and cleavage of aggrecan core protein between Glu373-Ala374, a major structural protein
of cartilage extracellular matrix giving its characteristic compressive stiffness. This study screened for natural products
57
FAPRONATURA 2006
with the ability to inhibit IL-1-induced ADAMTS-4 gene expression in human articular chondrocytes. Methods:
Confluent normal human knee articular chondrocytes maintained in serum-free medium were pretreated either with
natural products at different doses and stimulated further for 24 h with IL-1β (10 ng/ml). Total cellular RNA was
extracted. ADAMTS-4 and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) RNA levels were analyzed by RTPCR. Results: IL-1β induced ADAMTS-4 RNA in high-density human chondrocyte monolayer cultures. Pretreatment
with a leukotreine and c-Fos (component of activating protein or AP-1 transcription factor) inhibitor, nordihydroguiaretic
acid (NDGA) suppressed the ADAMTS-4 RNA induction. Quercetin and Resveratrol at 50-100 µM partially reduced
ADAMTS-4 RNA induction. Further AP-1 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factors inhibitor, curcumin
partially inhibited aggrecanase-1 induction. The levels of internal control, GAPDH RNA remained consistent.
Conclusions: Several natural products can interfere with proinflammatory cytokine signal transduction pathways
(such as MAPKs) or their target transcription factors and thus inhibit IL-1 induction of ADAMTS-4 in chondrocytes.
Such inhibition warrants further studies on toxicology and potential for reducing ADAMTS-4-driven cartilage resorption
in arthritis. Support: Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Arthritis Society, Wyeth Canada and Canadian Arthritis Network.
CO23- A NOVEL, FULLY DISSOCIATED
INFLAMMATORY GENE REPRESSION
COMPOUND
OF
PLANT
ORIGIN
FOR
De Bosscher K1, Vanden Berghe W1, Beck I1, Van Molle W2, Hennuyer3, Hapgood J4, Libert C2, Staels B3, Louw
A4 and Haegeman G1
1
Laboratory of Eukaryotic Gene Expression and Signal Transduction (LEGEST), Department of Molecular Biology,
Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium. E-mail: [email protected] 2Department for
Molecular Biomedical Research, (V.I.B.) and UGent, Technologiepark 927, B-9052, Zwijnaarde, Belgium.
3
Département d'Athérosclérose - U.545 Inserm Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1 rue Calmette BP245, 59019 Lille cedex,
France. 4Department of Biochemistry, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland 7602, Stellenbosch, Rep. of South Africa
The identification of selective glucocorticoid receptor (GR) modifiers, which separate transactivation and
transrepression properties, represents an important research goal for steroid pharmacology. Here we present that
Compound A (CpdA), a plant-derived phenyl aziridine precursor, although not belonging to the steroidal class of GRbinding ligands, does mediate gene-inhibitory effects by activating GR. CpdA exerts an anti-inflammatory potential by
downmodulating TNF-induced pro-inflammatory gene expression, such as IL-6 and E-selectin, but interestingly, does
not enhance GRE-driven genes or induce GR binding to GRE-dependent genes in vivo. The anti-inflammatory
mechanism involves both a reduction of the in vivo DNA-binding activity of p65 as well as an interference with the
transactivation potential of NF-κB. Finally, CpdA is as effective as DEX in counteracting acute inflammation in vivo,
and does not cause a hyperglycemic side effect. Taken together, this compound may be a lead compound of a novel
class of anti-inflammatory agents with fully dissociated properties and might thus hold great potential for therapeutic
use.
CO24- ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND IMMUNOMODULATING EFFECT OF PECTIC
POLYSACCHARIDES
Popov SV, Ovodova RG, Golovchenko VV, Koval OA, Markov PA, Nikitina IR, Popova GYu and Ovodov YuS
Institute of Physiology, Komi Science Centre, The Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 50,
Pervomaiskaya str., 167982, Syktyvkar, Russia, E-mail: [email protected]
Pectic polysaccharides have been shown to possess potent anti-infectious and anti-tumor activities due to activation of
phagocytes (neutrophils and macrophages) as predominant immunopharmacological effect. The present study is
devoted to isolation of pectins from plants of the European North of Russia and an elucidation of their capability to
effect on the immunity in dependence of structural features. Pectins (Mw 100-300 kDa) of duckweed Lemna minor
(lemnan LM), marsh cinquefoil Comarum palustre (comaruman CP), elephant ear Bergenia crassifolia (bergenan BC)
and some other plants were shown to contain the linear α-1,4-D-galacturonan as the backbone and individual
branched heterogalacturonans as the “hairy” regions. The following pectins: bergenan, lemnan and comaruman were
found to belong to various types of pectic polysaccharides, namely, galacturonan, rhamnogalacturonan and
apiogalacturonan, respectively. At oral administration (50-100 mg/kg), lemnan LM and bergenan BC were found to
58
FAPRONATURA 2006
enhance the immune response to oral antigen of laboratory mice. Comaruman CP was shown to exhibit antiinflammatory action in relation to carrageenan-induced paw swelling and acetic acid-induced colitis. Fragmentation of
the parent pectins was carried out using partial acidic (2M TFA, 100 °C for 5 h) and enzymic hydrolysis (pectinase
“Fluka”) and different fragments of pectic macromolecules were obtained. The galacturonanic backbone was
determined to be an active region of the macromolecule of comaruman CP. Galacturonanic fragments of bergenan
and lemnan were also found to possess anti-inflammatory effect. Galacturonans (50-200 mkg/ml) obtained were found
to diminish adhesion to fibronectin of human neutrophils stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (1.6 mkМ)
whereas the parent pectins except comaruman failed to influence on cell adhesion. Branched apiogalacturonanic
fragment of lemnan LM was shown to mediate immunostimulating effect of the pectin. Lemnan was found to increase
a dose of ingested antigen. Thus, the linear galacturonanic backbone and branched region of pectic macromolecule
appeared to mediate anti-inflammatory and immunostimulating activity of pectins, respectively.
CO25- CHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF Metaxya rostrata
Virtbauer Ja, Krenn La, Kählig HPb, Hüfner Ac, Marian Bd
a
Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. bInstitute of Organic
Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. cInstitute of Phamaceutical Sciences,
University of Graz, Schubertstrasse 1, A-8010 Graz, Austria. dDepartment of Internal Medicine 1, Institute of Cancer
Research, Medical University Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
The development of new therapeutics for colorectal cancer is an important ongoing task for which tropical plants used
in ethnomedicine provide a rich source (Cragg & Newman, 2005). Metaxya rostrata (Kunth) C. Presl is a tropical fern
distributed widely throughout Middle America. Suspensions of the pulverized rhizome in water are administered orally
in Costa Rican ethnic medicine in the therapy of intestinal tumors. Thus, in the presented investigation an aqueous
and a methanolic extract of Metaxya rostrata roots were analysed phytochemically and several compounds were
isolated by bio-assay guidance. The cytotoxic effects of the extracts and fractions thereof were determined in cultures
of SW480 colorectal carcinoma cells. The extracts showed cytotoxicity in a concentration-dependent way. Cell loss
was caused by apoptosis as shown by the characteristic morphology of the nuclei. In addition FACS analysis using
JC1 as mitochondrial tracker showed loss of mitochondrial membrane polarization in about 25% of the population
exposed to Metaxya extracts. In addition, nuclei with increased size suggested a cell cycle block in G2 which was also
shown by FACS analysis. The extracts were fractionated by partition procedures with solvents of different polarity to
avoid losses by absorption. By sub-sequent testing of the resulting fractions the most promising ones were selected
for further fractionation by vacuum liquid chromatography (=VLC) and in the next step by gel permeation
chromatography on Sephadex®LH 20. After this fractionation 2 main fractions contained cytostatic activity causing a
cell cycle block and apoptosis. From one of those two trimeric proanthocyanidins, cinnamtannin B-1 and aesculitannin
B were isolated and characterized by mass spectrometry, 1H-, 13C-NMR spectroscopy as well as by 2D NMR
techniques, thereby finding two interchangeable rotational isomeres for cinnamtannin B-1 in solution. In addition
saccharides and sterols such as sitosterol, stigmasterol and campesterol were identified.
Reference: Cragg GM, Newman DJ. (2005) J Ethnopharmacology 100: 72-79.
CO26- ASCORBATE AND HYPOXIC RESPIRATORY REACTIVITY
Pokorski M
Department of Respiratory Research, Medical Research Center, Polish Academy Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
The redox state of carotid chemoreceptor cells is influential in chemotransduction. Ascorbic acid (AA) is present in the
cat carotid body where it gets depleted in hypoxia (Pokorski & Gonet, Respir Physiol, 107:213-218, 1997).
Supplementation of AA also enhances the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) in older human subjects (Pokorski &
Marczak, J Int Med Res 31: 448-457, 2003).The role of AA, a water-soluble compound, should be enhanced if it
penetrated the lipid bilayers, the target sites of signal transduction. In the present study we addressed this issue by
using the lipid-soluble ascorbyl-6-palmitate (AP), given by gavage (600 mg/kg daily for 6 days) to cats. The control
group received the vehicle only. The animals were then anesthetized, paralyzed, vagotomized, ventilated, and
subjected to isocapnic hypoxia (7% O2 in N2). The effect of AP on HVR was assessed from the phrenic nerve output.
59
FAPRONATURA 2006
We found that AP significantly augmented the peak stimulation and slowed down the roll-off of the biphasic HVR. The
other objective of this research was to study the ability of AP to penetrate both central and peripheral neural tissues,
assessed in vitro from HPLC measurements of the ascorbate moiety recovered from the cortex and the carotid body,
dissected from the AP-treated or AA-treated cats. HPLC showed that the content of the ascorbate moiety was
markedly higher in both cortical and carotid body tissues after AP than that after AA, with the predominance of the
carotid body. We conclude that AP is biologically active with respect to respiration and interferes with the hypoxiasensing mechanisms at the carotid body, the organ that seems to be a target for this reducing compound.
CO27- A PLANT POLYPHENOL EXTRACT AMELIORATES THE DISFUNCTIONS OF
ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES IN INFLUENZA VIRUS-INFECTED MICE
Toshkova R1, Stefanova Ts2, Nikolova N2, Serkedjieva J2
1
Institute of Experimental Pathology and Parasitology, 2Institute of Microbiology, 3Institute of Botany, Bulgarian
Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria. Email: [email protected]
A semi-standardized polyphenol extract from the medicinal plant Geranium sanguineum L. (PC) protected mice from
mortality in the experimental influenza virus infection (EIVI). At the same time it was found that PC stimulated in vitro
the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages and blood polymorphonuclears and suppressed NO production. The
current study was undertaken to reveal the effect of PC on the number and functions of alveolar macrophages (aMØ)
from PC-treated healthy and influenza virus-infected mice (VIM) and on the production of ROS and RNI. Mice were
challenged intranasally (i.n.) with 10 LD50 of influenza A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) virus. PC (10 mg/kg) was administered by
i.n. instillation 3 h before infection. Influenza infection provoked a significant increase of H2O2, ·O2- and NO production,
which peaked on day 9 post infection (p.i.). PC-treatment decreased the release of ROS and RNI; this resulted in
reduced lung tissue damage. In the infected and healthy controls PC-treatment induced a continuous 2.5-4-fold rise of
the number and migration of aMØ, the maximum being on day 9 p.i. Influenza infection impaired also the phagocyte
functions of aMØ; PC-treatment restored them and on day 9 p.i. phagocyte indices reached control values. In healthy
mice the phagocyte abilities of aMØ were enhanced markedly after the application of PC. Interestingly, in vitro in the
dose of 25 µg/ml, PC did not affect the phagocyte activity and the migration of aMØ. The restoration of the
compromised functions of aMØ in VIM was consistent with a prolongation of the mean survival time and reduction of
the mortality rate and the infectious virus titer. The obtained results outlined the immunomodulatory properties of the
plant preparation and demonstrated its beneficial effect on the oxidative stress response in influenza virus-induced
pneumonia. These alternative mechanisms of action might contribute to the overall protective effect in the lethal
murine experimental influenza infection.
CO28- OZONE OXIDATIVE PRECONDITIONING REDUCES MULTIORGAN DAMAGE AND
STIMULATES ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM IN PERITONEAL SEPSIS INDUCED IN RATS
Zamora Za, Guanche Da, González Ra, Hernández Fa, Alonso Ya and Schulz Sb
a
Laboratory of Biological Assays, Department of Biomedical Research, Ozone Research Center. P. O. Box 6414,
Havana, Cuba. bVeterinary Services and Laboratory Animal Medicine, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg 35033,
Germany. Email: [email protected]
Sepsis and septic shock are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients admitted to the intensive care units
in United Status and many others countries (1). Recently, we demonstrated the protective effect of oxidative
preconditioning with low doses of ozone in mixtures with oxygen (OOM) in the acute renal failure induced by cisplatin
in rats. Therefore, taking into account the paramount important of septic shock and the multi-organ failure, which
provokes its high mortality, we decided to investigate the potential protective effects of ozone oxidative preconditioning
(OOP) in an experimental model of peritoneal sepsis induced in male Wistar rats. These animals were divided into
seven groups of them each one: 1) non-treated control rats,2) control group with sepsis induced by intraperitoneal
injection of rat fecal material (0.55 mg/kg b.w); 3) OOM (0.8 mg/kg, i.p plus sepsis); 4) OOM (2.4 mg/kg, i.p plus
sepsis); 5) OOM (4 mg/kg, i.p plus sepsis); 6) oxygen-treated, i.p control plus sepsis; 7) OOM (4 mg/kg, i.p without
sepsis. 24 h after the last administration of OOM treatment septic shock was induced. Blood was taken from all the
animals for biochemical determination in serum of ASAT, ALAT and creatinine, as well as other biochemical tests
60
FAPRONATURA 2006
indicators of oxidative stress such as GSH-Px, SOD, CAT and TBARS content. Additionally myeloperoxidase (MPO)
was measured in rats’ lung.
The results demonstrated that OOP with OOM is able to restore the endogen antioxidant system, because induced
significant increased of the enzymatic activities of SOD, GSH-Px. Also ALAT and ASAT activities and creatinine levels
in blood of rats were significant reduced by OOM which provides strong evidence in favor of renal and hepatic
protective effects of ozone. Furthermore, in concordance with these findings MPO in rat lung was also decreased in 34
% with the lower dose of OOM used. In summary, OOP is able to decrease the multi-organ damage induced by septic
shock and to increase the endogen antioxidant defense as well as several enzymes and markers of multi-organ.
References: 1. Angus, D.C., Linde-Zwirble, W.T., Lidicker, C.G., Carcillo, J and Pinsky, R.M. (2002) The epidemiology of severe
sepsis in the United States: analyses of incidence, outcome and associated cost of care. Crit Care Med 29: 1303-1310. 2. Ramon, L.
Añel., Dellinger, R.P. (2001) Sepsis and bacteremia. In: Conn´s Current Therapy, Rakel RE, Bope ET (Eds.), WB Saunders Co: 5662.
CO29- ANTICOCCIDIAL SCREENING OF Azadirachta indica (NEEM) IN BROILERS
Rao-Zahid A1, Iqbal Z1, Akhtar MS2, Khan MN1, Jabbar A1, Sandhu Zia-U-din1
1
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, 2Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture,
Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan. E-mail: [email protected]
Anticoccidial screening of Azadirachta indica, fruit (Neem) was carried out in broiler chickens naturally infected with a
mixed Eimeria infection @ 50,000 per bird. Powdered Azadirachta indica fruits were administered orally in doses of
10, 15 and 20 mg/Kg body weight and their water and methanol extracts in amounts equivalent to 20mg/Kg of the
powder were also administered. As a control drug Amprol plus (R) was administered orally. Faecal oocyst per gram
(OPG) counts were made by the Mc Master Egg Counting technique. Azadirachta indica powder as well as its extracts
in methanol and water significantly (P<0.05) reduced the OPG counts at the dosage levels of 10, 15 and 20 mg/Kg.
The percentage reduction in OPG counts on the 3rd, 10th and 15th days after administration of 10mg/Kg body weight of
drug were 8.2 ± 5.5, 13 ±8.0 and 22 ± 4.1, respectively. Treatment with 15 mg/Kg body weight of the Azadirachta
indica powder produced 18 ± 5, 29 ± 8 and 33 ± 11 percent reductions on days 3rd, 10th and 15th, respective. The
respectively OPG reductions in the group treated with 20mg/Kg were 22 ± 8, 70 ± 14 and 85 ± 20 percent. The OPG
count reductions at this dose were non significantly different from that of control drug on day 15th. The aqueous extract
equivalent to 20mg/Kg body weight of the powder produced percentage reductions of 24 ± 6, 61 ± 11 and 68 ± 16 on
3rd, 10th and 15th days post treatment, respectively. The OPG reduction produced by the methanol extract of
Azadirachta indica were 12 ± 6, 58 ± 13 and 78 ± 14 percent on days 3rd, 10th and 15th, respectively, showing a non
significant (P>0.05) difference in the OPG count reduction from the control drug on the 15th day. The data suggest that
single oral administration of 20mg/Kg of Azadirachta indica fruits and their extracts in methanol and water in equivalent
amounts are effective in controlling the Eimeria infection in chickens. However, since at higher doses mortality was
observed they should not be used alone for therapeutic purposes in the poultry birds but may be recommended
perhaps in smaller amounts along with other herbal ingredients.
CO30- COMMERCIALIZATION OF HARUAN Channa striatus BIOMEDICAL PRODUCTS
Manan-Mat JA
Department of Biomedical Sciences. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. University Putra Malaysia. 43400 UPM
Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Haruan Channa striatus is an indigenous fresh water carnivorous air breathing fish species, widely distributed within
the country, both the West and East Malaysia, and other members of the same family Channidae are also found in
neighboring countries in the region. The fish is known as natural remedy in traditional medicine, and popular among
post-operative patients especially caesarian mothers and injuries due to road accidents to induce wound healing.
Furthermore, with the quality of the biochemistry of both wild and cultured fishes are equally good, haruan which
contained high level of the essential amino acids and good profile of fatty acids that could directly involves in tissue
growth and healing is certainly a promising candidate for future nutriceutical and pharmaceutical products. Obviously
this white boneless meaty and tender taste fish is providing a good source of protein, and is a popular restaurant menu
in many countries in the region namely Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand and Malaysia. As part of the interesting wound
61
FAPRONATURA 2006
healing physiological and pharmacological properties of the haruan extracts, to name a few are it’s anti-microbial, antiinflammation, cell proliferation and inducing platelet aggregation. The latest, which is the platelet aggregation, is now
the on-going collaborative works to establish the actual mechanism and the bioactive involves in the activity. The
other interesting and important of the haruan’s extract, is the anti-nociceptive properties that has been recognized by
the Society of Anaesthesiologist as the most original Paper Commendation Award at their Annual Scientific Meeting, in
Singapore 17 April 1997. Our group is almost identify the bioactive compound(s), and now working to commercialize
our award winning Haruan Based Biomedical Products, while the clinical trials are still on-going activities. I am hoping
here to share experiences, looking for outsourcing facilities, establish networking and collaboration especially in area
of drug discovery, analytical chemistry and commercialization of biomedical products.
CO31- HISTORY OF LATIN-AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN BULLETIN OF MEDICINAL AND
AROMATIC PLANTS (BLACPMA)
Martínez JL1, Medina ME2, Garrido G3, Arenas P4, Prieto JM5
1
UNICIT, Santiago, Chile; 2TRAMIL Nicaragua, 3Centro de Química Farmacéutica, La Habana, Cuba, 4Universidad
Nacional de La Plata, Argentina, 5Universidad de Londres, Reino Unido.
The first BLACPMA was issued five years ago -after a talk held by José L. Martínez (UNICIT, Chile) and Jorge
Rodríguez Chanfreau (CIDEM, Cuba)- as a communication tool to keep informed the Latin-American community on
the many events related with Medicinal and Aromatic Plants taking place around the World. This primary objective is
still achieved by means of the so-called “supplements” issued in between each bulletin. The official launch of the
bulletin took place in Buenos Aires, Argentina, during the Fisrt Latin-American Congress of Phytochemistry, and it was
backed by an Editing Board composed by Arnaldo Bandoni, Argentina; Patrick Moyna, Uruguay; Francisco Morón,
Cuba, and Lionel Robineau, Guadalupe, recently replaced by María E. Medina, Nicaragua. BLACPMA started to
feature scientific contributions in its second year of life. Since then, the number of papers submitted has increased
steadily as well as their quality, and some of them are signed by highly recognized authors. We still remember with
pleasure the reception of the first European contribution and the surprising arrival of the first African and Asian
contributions. Nowadays we are receiving papers from over the World in a regular basis. The complexity of the edition
process was increasing accordingly, and it was necessary to engage people specially committed with its supervision.
The first ‘supervisor of edition’ was Patricia Landazuri (Colombia), followed by Rita Zeichen (Argentina). Today, this
critical task is performed by Patricia Arenas (Argentina) and Gabino Garrido (Cuba). The bulletin was soon indexed by
LATINDEX, and recently by the more internationally known INDEX COPERNICUS. This “step-up” was possible after
the radical change that BLACPMA underwent under the impulse of José María Prieto (University of London, UK), who,
after January 2004, became fundamental in raising the standards of the bulletin, and putting it in the international
scientific arena. Proof of this is the fact that articles published in BLACPMA has started to be cited by other articles
published by major journals in the field like Journal of Ethnopharmacology and Economic Botany (1, 2). Finally, it is
already a few years that under the initiative of Lionel Robineau, we started to work on the idea of organizing our own
Symposia. The effort has been fruitful and we are now celebrating at Varadero the First Symposium of BLACPMA that
hopefully will be followed by many more. With your help we very much expect to see how BLACPMA continues its
evolution until becoming an important reference in the Medicinal and Aromatic Plants field.
References: 1. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 106: 429-441, 2006. 2. Economic Botany, 60:159–181, 2006.
CO32- NATURAL ANTIPLATELET AGENTS
García Mesa M
144 Velásquez St., 10600 Cerro, Havana, Cuba. Angiology and Vascular Surgery National Institute. 1551 Calzada del
Cerro, 12000 Cerro, Havana, Cuba. E mail: [email protected]
Introduction: Antiplatelet agents are useful as antithrombotic drugs. Objectives: To show that natural products could
provide new alternatives for antiplatelet therapy. The analysis of the effects of the Policosanol, a by-product from
sugar cane wax, in clinical assays is an example. Methods: The following experimental designs have been performed
in order to assess the antiplatelet effect of: double blind randomized versus placebo clinical assay of Policosanol (1
mg/day x 12 weeks) in hypercholesterolemic patients. A crossed-over: double blind randomized versus placebo
62
FAPRONATURA 2006
clinical assay of Policosanol (10 mg/day x 7 days) in type II diabetic patients was the second experimental design. A
descriptive study on platelet reactivity of atherosclerotic patients consuming Policosanol, aspirin or both was
performed too. The decrease of platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma induced by physiologic stimuli (ADP.
collagen or epinephrine) was the end point of the pharmacological effect. Results: Platelet aggregation was
significantly lower in hypercholesterolemic and diabetic patients treated with Policosanol than in those in the placebo
groups. Furthermore, there were not statistical difference among the groups of atherosclerotic patients who were
taking Policosanol, aspirin or both with respect to the inhibition of ADP, collagen and epinephrine-induced platelet
aggregation, suggesting the similarities of Policosanol and aspirin with regard to the antiplatelet efficacy and
mechanism of action. Conclusion: These results suggest that Policosanol may be an alternative for antiplatelet
therapy.
CO33- EVALUATION OF PLATELET ANTIAGGREGANT EFFECT OF Hypericum perforatum
EXTRACTS AND ISOLATED COMPOUNDS
Costa Da, Monteiro MCb, Gonçalves MJc, Almeida-Dias Ab and Dias ACPa
a
University of Minho (a), Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. bPolytechnic Institute of Health - North (b),
Rua Central de Gandra,1317, 4585-160 Gandra PRD, Portugal. cSuperior Institute of Health Sciences - North (c), Rua
Central de Gandra,1317, 4585-160 Gandra PRD, Portugal. Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
Platelet activation plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and the enhancement of platelet
aggregation is a known mechanism that increases the risk of CVD. Hypericum perforatum (St. Johns wort) is an
important medicinal plant used for its biological activities such as antidepressive, anti-inflammatory and healing agent.
Additionally, f H. perforatum contains several compounds known for their antioxidant activity that could be relevant in
the inhibition of platelet aggregation (PA). The aim of our study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of different
ethanolic extracts (TEE) and a pure compound (II3-III8 biapigenin) of H. perforatum, on PA induced by different
physiological agonists. We tested three H. perforatum TEE: one of in vivo plants, other from in vitro shoots and
another from cultured suspension cells; and the compound biapigenin. PA induced by collagen, epinephrine and ADP
was studied in platelet rich plasma (PRP), from healthy volunteers. PRP was incubated with several concentrations of
the TEE or biapigenin, for 15 minutes, and aggregation was performed using the turbidimetric technique. All tested
extracts significantly inhibited PA induced by collagen (1µg/mL), and the inhibitory effect was dose dependent.
Comparing the IC50 of all extracts, the most effective was obtained from cultured cells (0,28mg/ml). A similar
response was obtained for maximal aggregation rate, evaluated by slopes, which decreased as the tested dose
increased for all extracts. In the same way, was observed inhibition in PA induced by ADP (5µM) and epinephrine
(10µM). Results obtained with biapigenin indicated that this is an active compound of the plant, as platelet
antiaggregant. Our results show that tested extracts of Hypericum perforatum as well as biapigenin, have platelet
antiaggregant activity and emphasize the need for further studies. We believe, it could be recognized as a substance
with anti-platelet properties and thus considered in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
CO34- SERUM SQUALENE AND NON-CHOLESTEROL STEROLS
CHOLESTEROL SYNTHESIS AND ABSORPTION IN TYPE 2 DIABETES
RELATED
TO
Simonen P, Gylling H, Miettinen-Tatu A
Department of Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, and Department of
Clinical Nutrition, University of Kuopio, and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
Serum non-cholesterol sterols, cholestanol and plant sterols, campesterol and sitosterol, are known to positively reflect
cholesterol absorption and negatively cholesterol synthesis. Opposite associations are obtained for cholesterol
precursors, including squalene, cholestenol and lathosterol. We compared non-cholesterols and squalene in serum
with those in lipoproteins, and related the values to absolute cholesterol synthesis and absorption of patients (n=33)
with type II diabetes, range of body mass index (BMI) being 21-40. Lipids in serum and ultracentrifuge fractions were
measured with routine laboratory methods. Gas liquid chromatography was used to measure cholesterol, squalene
and non-cholesterol sterols in serum and lipoproteins. Sterol balance technique was used to determine absolute
cholesterol synthesis and a double label system for measurement of absorption percentage of dietary cholesterol.
63
FAPRONATURA 2006
Two-thirds of the non-cholesterol sterols were carried in LDL and one-fifth in HDL, whereas squalene was mainly in
VLDL and LDL. The synthesis and absorption markers were interrelated in serum and all lipoproteins suggesting intact
regulation of cholesterol metabolism. The absorption and synthesis marker ratios to cholesterol were mostly similar in
serum and lipoproteins, even though absorption sterols accumulated to HDL and IDL and synthesis markers in VLDL
and IDL. The ratios to cholesterol of absorption markers were negatively, those of synthesis markers mostly positively
related to BMI not only in serum but also in most lipoprotein fractions, and also to respective absolute synthesis
and absorption percentage of cholesterol. Also, the proportions of synthesis marker sterols to those of absorption
markers (eg. lathosterol/sitosterol) were positively related to BMI and absolute synthesis and negatively to absorption
percentage of cholesterol. The findings indicate that even in patients with type II diabetes, including markedly
increased body weight and altered cholesterol metabolism, measurement of serum non-cholesterol sterols and
squalene reveals information of cholesterol synthesis and absorption without complicated clinical and laboratory
methods.
CO35- RED WINE POLYPHENOLS PREVENT CARDIOVASCULAR ALTERATIONS IN
EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION: MOLECULAR MECHANISM
Pechánová Oa, Bernátová Ia, Babál, Pb, Martínez MCc, Cacányiová Sa, Stvrtina Sb, Andriantsitohaina Rc
a
Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, bDepartment of Pathology, Medical
Faculty, Comenius Univ., Bratislava, Slovak Republic, cUniversité Louis Pasteur de Strasbourg, UMR CNRS 7034,
Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France. Email: [email protected]
Introduction: Red wine polyphenols have been reported to possess beneficial properties for preventing cardiovascular
diseases but their effects on hemodynamic and functional cardiovascular changes in association with their molecular
mechanisms are studied much less. Design: The effects of the red wine polyphenols, Provinols™, on arterial
hypertension as well as left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis and vascular remodeling were investigated
in rats during chronic inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity. Rats were divided into four groups: a control
group, a group treated with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 40 mg/kg/day), a group receiving Provinols™ (40
mg/kg/day) alone or Provinols™ plus L-NAME. Results: Provinols™ markedly reduced the increase in both blood
pressure and protein synthesis in the heart and aorta caused by chronic inhibition of NO synthesis. Provinols™ reduced
myocardial fibrosis even though it did not affect LV hypertrophy. In addition, Provinols™ prevented aortic thickening and
corrected the augmented reactivity of the aorta to norepinephrine and the attenuated endothelium-dependent relaxation
to acetylcholine in NO- deficient rats. These alterations were associated with an increase of NOS activity, a moderate
enhancement of eNOS protein expression, with reduction of oxidative stress and a decrease of redox-sensitive
transcription factor NF-κB expression in the LV and aorta. Conclusion: Our results provide evidence that Provinols™
partially prevents L-NAME-induced hypertension, cardiovascular remodeling and vascular dysfunction via the increase
of NO-synthase activity and prevention of oxidative stress. Thus, the beneficial effects of plant polyphenols in
prevention of hypertension may result from their complex influence on the NO balance in the cardiovascular system.
Supported by VEGA 2/6148/26, 1/3429/06 and APVV-51-018004.
CO36- VITAMIN E PREVENTS FOAM CELL FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF
ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Kartal-Özer N
Marmara University, Turkey.
64
FAPRONATURA 2006
CO37- PRESENTATION OF CENTER OF TOXICOLOGICAL AND BIOMEDICAL
INVESTIGATION OF SANTIAGO DE CUBA. DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES IN THE
INVESTIGATIONS WITH NATURAL PRODUCTS
TOXIMED
Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.
CO38- IMMUNOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF AN Echinacea purpurea EXTRACT IN PATIENTS
WITH BREAST CANCER
Elsässer-Beile U1, Bühler P1, WetterauerU1, Rostock M2, and Bartsch H2
1
Department of Urology, University of Freiburg, Germany. 2Tumor Biology Center at the University of Freiburg,
Germany. Email: [email protected]
Introduction: Echinacea purpurea extracts have been applied for immunostimulation for many years. However, the
clinical application is based mainly on delivered practical experiences rather than on the results of clinical studies.
Since the cell-mediated immune response is controlled by a variety of soluble cytokines, measurements of these
substances may be a means for determining the cellular immunological potential. The current report focuses on the
measurement of ex vivo cytokine production of patients treated orally with an aqueous extract from Echinacea
purpurea in order to evaluate whether these immunological parameters are changed during the treatment. Materials
and Methods: 115 patients aged between 32 and 73 years, were entered into the study after curative treatment of
breast cancer. These patients were randomly distributed in three groups: A) no therapy (n=35), B) therapy with 8 ml
Echinacea extract daily for 3 weeks (n=43) and C) therapy with 24 ml Echinacea extract daily for 3 weeks (n=37).
From all patients heparinized blood was taken at day 0, 14 and 21. For cell culture the blood was stimulated with 10
µg/ml PHA or 5 µg/ml PWM for 2 days. In the supernatants the levels of the cytokines IL1-beta, IL2, IL6, IFN-gamma
and TNF-alpha and the soluble cytokine receptors for IL2 and TNF-alpha  were determined by ELISA. Results:
Comparison of ex vivo leukocyte cytokine production in the blood cell cultures of the patients without treatment (group
A) revealed no significant change between day 1 and day 21. In the blood cell cultures of the patients of group B a
slight, but not significant increase of IFN-gamma was found. In the blood cell cultures of the patients treated with 24 ml
Echinacea extract daily (group C) a significant increase of IL-1-beta, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and TNF-receptor was
seen between day 1 and day 21. Conclusions: Echinacea extract seems to have dose dependent immunostimulatory
effects on monocytes and lymphocytes.
CO39- INVESTIGATION OF SOUTH AFRICAN PLANTS FOR ANTI-CANCER PROPERTIES
Fouche G, Khorombi E, Kolesnikova N, Maharaj VJ, Nthambeleni R and van der Merwe M
Bioprospecting, Biosciences, CSIR, PO Box 395, Pretoria, 0001, Republic of South Africa.
A collaborative research programme between the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) in South Africa
and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in the USA aimed at the screening of plant extracts and identification of
potentially new anti-cancer drug leads was initiated in 1999. Plant extracts that exhibited anti-cancer activity against a
panel of three human cell lines (breast MCF7, renal TK10 and melanoma UACC62) at the CSIR were screened by the
65
FAPRONATURA 2006
NCI against sixty human cancer cell lines organized into sub panels representing leukaemia, melanoma and cancer of
the lung, colon, kidney, ovary and central nervous system. To date 7500 randomly selected plant extracts representing
700 taxa were screened for anti-cancer activity at a single concentration of 100 ppm. Extracts which exhibited a
growth inhibition of above 75% for two or more of the cell lines (GI75) were advanced into the dose response assay at
a concentration range of 6.25-100 ppm. Extracts which exhibited a total growth inhibition (TGI) of less than 6.25 ppm
for at least two cell lines where regarded as potent. The results indicated that a hit rate of 3.4% was obtained based on
the number of taxa screened. Although the extracts of these taxa were randomly selected during the screening
programme, 88% of these taxa were reported to be used medicinally. The potent plant extracts were evaluated for
efficacy at the NCI against a panel of sixty human cancer cell lines over a defined range of concentrations to
determine the relative degree of growth inhibition against each cell line. Desktop literature investigations aimed at
establishing information on the scientific validation of the plants demonstrating anti-cancer activity were conducted.
The extracts of taxa with limited scientifically published information for their anti-cancer properties were subjected to
bioassay-guided fractionation and the active constituents were isolated and identified. Results from this study led to
the isolation and identification of known metabolites that have been described in the literature studies and were either
patented or published for their use as anti-cancer agents. Anti-cancer activity was demonstrated for several
metabolites and a few examples are discussed. These anti-cancer screening results mirrored the NCI experience
where essentially, no new plant-derived clinical anti-cancer agents had been found from plants since the discovery of
the taxanes and camptothecins in the early (1960-1980) program (Cragg et al, 2005). Based on the outcome of this
screening programme, a strategy was employed to target endemic plant species as well as plant species containing
selected classes of compounds. An evaluation of these plant species is ongoing.
Reference: Cragg G.M. and Newman D.J., Plants as a source of anti-cancer agents, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2005; 100: 7279.
CO40- INTRAVESICAL MISTLETOE EXTRACT
SUPERFICIAL URINARY BLADDER CANCER
FOR
ADJUVANT
TREATMENT
OF
Bühler P, Leiber C, Wetterauer U, Elsässer-Beile U
Department of Urology, University of Freiburg, Germany. Email: [email protected]
Introduction: Patients with superficial bladder cancer are mostly treated by transurethral tumour resection and
adjuvant intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), which was shown to reduce tumour recurrence significantly.
However, serious side effects of this treatment promoted the search for other immunoactive substances, which to date
have failed to show the equal efficacy as BCG. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of
intravesical mistletoe extract (ME) with respect to tolerability and recurrence rate. Materials and Methods: In a phase
I/II clinical trial an aqueous ME, standardised to mistletoe lectin, was administered intravesically to 24 patients with
urinary bladder cancer of the stages pTa G2 (n=14) and pT1 G2 (n=10). Four to seven weeks after transurethral
resection each patient received 6 instillations at weekly intervals with 50 ml of ME at lectin concentrations between 10
ng/ml and 5,000 ng/ml. Three patients per group received a dose, which was then doubled in the next group. Clinical
follow-up consisted of cytology, cystectomy and random biopsies. For determination of cytokine secretion, venous
blood and urine samples were taken before instillation, and 2, 6, and 20 hours later. The local historical control group
consisted of 18 patients with pTa G2 (n=5) and pT1 G2 (n=13) tumours that were treated with 6 BCG instillations after
transurethral resection. Results: The tolerability of the ME was very good at all applied concentrations. None of the
patients had local or systemic side effects. Within the observation time of 12 months, the patients treated with ME
showed a recurrence rate of 8/24 (33 %). In the BCG treated group the recurrence rate was 5/18 (28 %) and therefore
similar in both groups. Comparison of blood and urine cytokine levels brought about no significant alterations before
and after instillation of ME. Conclusions: Intravesically applied standardized ME could be a potential alternative
adjuvant therapy for superficial bladder cancer.
66
FAPRONATURA 2006
CO41- ANTITUMORAL AND ANTIMETASTATIC EVALUATION OF THE BROMELINA
OBTAINED FROM STEMS OF PINEAPPLE (Ananas comosus (L) MERRILL)
Báez R1, Hernández M2, Vásquez A1
1
Carretera a Moron, CP: 65200, Ciego de Ávila. Cuba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Ciego de Ávila.
[email protected] 2Lab. Ingeniería Metabólica. Centro de Bioplantas. UNICA. Ciego de Ávila. Cuba.
Introduction: The bromelain is a protease, isolated and purified from different organs from plants of the Bromeliaceae
family. Its use is recognized in the vaccine formulation and to skin debridement of burns, stand out its potentialities
anti-inflammatory, antitumoral, and antithrombotic. Materials and methods: The bromelain was obtained through a
process of extraction and developed purification in Cuba, from stems of adult plants of pineapples (Ananas comosus
(L) Merrill). The crude extract was purified by chromatography of ionic interchange in cellulous-52 carboximetil (CMC).
The employed tumor lines were: P-388 leukemia, sarcoma (S-37), ascitic tumor of Ehrlich (ATE), pulmonary
carcinoma of Lewis (PCL), melanoma (M-B16F10) and adenocarcinoma mammary (ADC-755). The treatment with
bromelain by intraperitoneal route (1, 5, 12.5 and 25 mg /kg) began to the 24 hours after the inoculation of a million of
tumor cells by animals. The antitumoral activity became by means of the calculation of the index of increase of survival
(A.S %), of the treated mice and survival average of the mice controls. The antimetastatic activity of the Bromelain on
the CPL and ATE were evaluated. To the 21 days, the mice lungs were extracted and suspended in Bouin solution by
48 hours; later they told to the macrometastatics in Carl Zeiss stereoscopic. Results: In spite of being differences
among them, demonstrated a remarkable antitumoral effect in lp-388, s-37 and ATE. A diminution of the number of
metastasis in carrying animals of PCL took place and free animals of metastasis in ATE registered themselves.
Conclusions: This protease had a antitumoral and antimetastatic effect in the treated animals which indicates that
the probably pharmacologic mechanism is not the direct action on the circulating cells but in one of the processes
implied in the metastasis cascade where the immune system of the animal play a determining paper in the elimination
of such cells.
CO42- ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CYTOTOXIC POLYPEPTIDES FROM
MARINE ORGANISM GYRM-12S
RM Yua, LY Songa,b, SF Rena, Y Zhaob
a
Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy,, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 510632
Guangzhou, China. bDepartment of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Drug Research, College of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310031 Hangzhou, China. E-mail: [email protected]
As a source of novel molecules, the potential of marine organism is immense and yet it has been barely investigated.
Because of their longer evolutionary history, marine organisms likely possess a greater molecular diversity than do
their terrestrial counterparts. Over the past decade, several new experimental anticancer agents derived from marine
sources have entered preclinical and clinical trials. GYRM-12s, a marine animal native to the seas around China, has
been utilized in the treatments of anemia and inflammation for centuries. During the course of our extensive screening
program of traditional Chinese medicinal products for in vitro anti-tumor activity, marine organism GYRM-12s was
selected because of its widespread geographic distribution in China, as well as its unique reputation among the
folklore medicines.
In the present work, we investigated the protein component of marine organism GYRM-12s by a combination of
chemical and biological approaches. The purified polypeptides G-3 and G-4-2 were obtained from marine organism
GYRM-12s using the techniques of homogenization, salting-out with ammonium sulfate, ion-exchange
chromatography and gel filtration chromatography. The purity of G-3 and G-4-2 was over 96% as measured by RPHPLC. G-3 and G-4-2 were given by SDS-PAGE and IEF-PAGE with molecular weights of 8250.4 Da and 15970.8
Da, respectively and isoelectric points of 6.6 and 6.1, respectively. Amino acid constituents of G-3 and G-4-2 were
also detected, and Phenol-vitriol test revealed that saccharides exist in G-3. G-3 and G-4-2 may both inhibit the
proliferation of tumor cells in vitro. The IC50 values of G-4-2 were 22.9 µg ml-1 and 46.1 µg ml-1 against Hela and HL-60
cell lines, respectively, as were measured by MTT assay and the IC50 value of G-3 against HL-60 was measured to be
123.2 µg ml-1.
67
FAPRONATURA 2006
CO43- CYTOTOXIC AND ANTITUMOUR ACTIVITIES OF VENEZUELAN PLANT EXTRACTS
in vitro AND in vivo
Villasmil Ja, Abad MJa, Arsenak Ma, Michelangeli Fb, Fernández Ab, Ruiz MCb, Williams Bb, Herrera Fc, Taylor Pa
a
Centro de Medicina Experimental, bCentro de Biofísica y Bioquímica, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones
Científicas, Apartado 21827, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela, cEscuela de Bioanálisis, Universidad Central de Venezuela.
Venezuela is a country where indigenous and local communities use over 1,500 species of plants for medicinal
purposes. Many drugs used in the treatment of cancer are of plant origin. From our databases of botanical collections
and ethnobiological usage, we selected 10 species to screen for antitumour activity both in vitro and in vivo. Different
parts of the plants were extracted in 95% ethanol. These crude extracts were screened for activity against a) four
tumour cell lines, b) primary tumour growth and metastasis in the B16/BL6 melanoma / C57BL/6 mouse model, and c)
NF-κB inhibitory activity in HeLa cells transfected with an NF-κB / luciferase reporter gene plasmid. Extracts from 4
species were cytotoxic at 100 µg/ml or less on one or more cell lines, with all but two extracts showing varying
degrees of growth inhibition. We identified four plants with inhibitory activity on the growth of subcutaneous primary
tumours when injected i.p. every other day during the course of tumour growth, and four which significantly reduced
lung metastases after i.v. inoculation of tumour cells. Two plants from the Protium genus showed activity in both
models. The nuclear factor NF-κB is a promising potential target for antitumour and anti-inflammation therapy. Four
plants inhibited NF-κB activity in the HeLa cell reporter gene assay when the cells were activated with TNF-α, but also
showed cytotoxic activity at higher concentrations in short-term MTS assays with the same cells. Further studies are
being undertaken to investigate the relationship between the antitumour and NF-κB inhibitory activities shown by these
extracts.
CO44- Cimicifuga racemosa radix HEPATIC SAFETY
Firenzuoli Fa, Gori La, Cinotti Sb
a
Centre of Natural Medicine, S.Giuseppe Hospital. Via Paladini 1, 50053 Az USL 11. Empoli. Italy. bDepartment of
Emergency Medicine. S.Giuseppe Hospital. Az USL 11. Empoli, Italy. Email: [email protected]
Cimicifuga racemosa radix extract is actually alleged to be a possible hepatotoxic medicinal herb especially after a
statement of EMEA that collected 42 cases of possible hepatotoxicity and 4 considered possible, so that in Italy it is
actually no more sold over the counter. In our department we administer Cimicifuga racemosa as special herbal
extract together with soy isoflavones, Trifolium pratense and Medicago sativa at the dose of 500- 1000 daily mg daily
for treatment of menopause related disorders. After the EMEA's official signal we have contacted all our patients
assuming the herbal extract continuously from more than 12 months. We followed-up 98 women, and asked them by
telephone and/or after anamnesis and clinical examination (72/98) to undergo a blood sample examination of hepatic
transaminases, coagulation and gamma-glutamil-transpeptidase. In all the patients (comprehending 4 patients
suffering of benign hepatic disease and 1 suffering of chronic toxic hepatitis) there were no sign of hepatic disease
neither alteration of plasma hepatic parameters, or worsening of already altered but stable parameters. We think on
the base of these data and current literature Cimicifuga racemosa radix extract can be considered safe concerning
liver diseases.
CO45- HERBS AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS AND HOW THEY ARE USED IN THE US.
APPLICATIONS FOR ARTHRITIS, DEPRESSION, AND DRUG-HERB INTERACTIONS
Bauer B
Mayo Clinic, USA.
68
FAPRONATURA 2006
CO46- DRUG-HERBAL/FOOD INTERACTIONS COUNSELLING
ADVERSE EVENTS IN SENSITIVE PATIENT POPULATIONS
CAN
REDUCE
THE
Buttar HS
Therapeutic Products Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 1B9
Simultaneous intake of drugs and herbal products or dietary supplements may cause additive, synergistic, or
antagonistic interactions, which may complicate the dosing regimen of long-term medications, or lead to undesirable
side effects. Major adverse events, including death, have been recorded in case reports and post-marketing
surveillance when herbal and dietary products were used chronically alone or in combination with prescription drugs.
Drug-herbal/food interactions may be significantly important for drugs with narrow therapeutic margin (e.g. warfarin,
digoxin, antiarrhythmics), and for sensitive populations such as elderly patients, pregnant women and nursing mothers
as well as children and very sick individuals (e.g. AIDS/HIV, cancer and organ transplant patients) who may be
exposed to polypharmacy. Multiple ingredients in herbs and dietary supplements may modify the intestinal pH and
motility, and inhibit/induce intestinal drug transporters or metabolising enzymes (e.g. PgP, CYP3A4), and thus change
the rate and extent of absorption, metabolism and disposition of conventional drugs. Before prescribing a medication,
physicians should enquire whether their patients are consuming an interacting food or herbal product and either
instruct their patients to stop consuming such products or adjust drug dosage to compensate for drug-food or drugherbal effects. Collaborative efforts are required from patients, physicians, and pharmacists as well as industry (drug
manufacturers, herbal products and food suppliers) to minimize or possibly prevent any potential risks associated with
the concomitant use of natural health products, dietary supplements and interacting pharmaceuticals. This
communication would highlight the mechanisms of drug-herbal/food interactions, and the regulatory initiatives (postmarket surveillance and labelling changes) being carried out within Health Canada to meet the opportunities and
challenges associated with the rapidly emerging area of herbal remedies and dietary supplements.
CO47- THERAPEUTIC CONSULTATION SERVICE: AN INFORMATION SOURCE
NATURAL PRODUCTS
ABOUT
Calvo-Barbado D, Cires-Pujol M, and Delgado-Martinez I
Pharmacoepidemiology Development Center, 44 Str. and 5ta Ave., 11300, Havana. E-mail: [email protected]
The need for the development and dissemination of objective and complete drug information for prescribers and
consumers is an important aspect to reach in developed and developing countries. The information about any kind of
drugs oriented to individualized patients is difficult to find, the same happen to scientific knowledgement of the use of
natural medicines in specific patients. 1-5 The appropriate use of drugs is a priority of our Ministry of Public Health. In
1996 a network encompassing 175 municipal primary health care centers and 14 province pharmacoepidemiology
groups was set up. The whole network is coordinated by the National Pharmacoepidemiology Development Center
(PDC). As a part of our national medicine politics, in 1997 the Cuban national health system adds the traditional and
natural medicine program, like a new measure inside the national medicines program. Functions of
pharmacoepidemiologists in research, teaching and health care request the provision of drug information with the main
goal: the improvement of efficacy and safety in the clinical use of drugs. In order to reach this objective our therapeutic
consultation service was established in 1999, as a section of PDC.6-7 It offers the possibility of complementing drug
product information with problem-oriented drug information emerging from cases in the real world of prescribing. This
service has work procedure established, who include the question reception, research and identification of the
knowledge deal with the formulated question, the assessment about the information and the relationship with the
specific patient, the discussion and the inclusion in our database. We analyzed our 5 years´ database to find the
number of them with relationship to natural and traditional medicine. The database of therapeutic consultations was
designed by Microsoft office tool, ACCESS. We selected 2 of the most interesting consultation received during this
period in our service. From the 963 consultations present in our database, around 5.6 % belong to issues related to
natural medicines. The most consultant products were spirulina, PV2, policosanol and propolis. The questions was
formulated in the majority of cases by patients. These consultations were classified as documentation and the related
topics were general information. In province the questions about natural medicines occupied the first places. Besides
69
FAPRONATURA 2006
the importance of this alternative medicine there are not much questions of it, nevertheless in the lasted years this sort
of consultation won a good position.
References: 1. Ohman B. Lyrvall H.,.Tornqvist E, Alvan G. and. Sjoqvist E Clinical pharmacology and the provision of drug
information . Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1992;42:563-5682. 2. Centri di Informazione dell’Istituto Mario Negri. Informazione ed
educazione scientifica: I’ accesilita alla conoscenza disponible Ricerca & Pratica, 47 Ottobre 1992. 3. Spector R, Heller A, Johnson
M W The Structure and function of a Clinical pharmacology consulting service. Journal Clin Pharmacol May-Jun 1999 :257-260. 4.
Rodriguez C, Arnau J M, Vidal X, Laporte R. Therapeutic consultation : a necessary adjunt to indepedent drug information . Br. J.
Clin. Pharmac. 5. Straus S E, Sackett DL. Using research findings in clinical practice. BMJ 1998; 317: 339-42. 6. OMS.Uso racional
de los medicamentos. Informe de la Conferencia de Expertos, Nairobi, 25-29 de noviembre de 1985. Ginebra, Organización Mundial
de la salud, 1987. 7. Ministerio de Salud Pública. Area Médico-Farmaceútica. Centro para el Desarrollo de la
Farmacoepidemiología. Estrategia de la Farmacoepidemiología y de la Farmacia Principal Municipal. 1999.
CO48- THREE YEARS OF FOLLOW UP OF SUSPECT ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS
WITH HERBAL AND TRADITIONAL PRODUCTS IN CUBA
Jiménez G, Ávila J, González B
National Pharmacological Surveillance Coordinating Unit. Pharmacoepidemiology Development Centre. Calle 44
esq. 5ta Ave No 502 Miramar Playa CP 11300 Ciudad de La Habana. Cuba.
Plants have been used for the treatment of illness in humans since prehistoric time. About 80% of the world’s
population currently depends on the traditional herbal medicines for managing their diseases. While information
about adverse reactions to allopathic drugs has been recordered over several decades, it has become
increasingly clear that the surveillance system must be extended to herbal remedies. Since 2001, the national
coordinating unit has been working on natural products; the number of adverse drug reactions associated with
herbal remedies and natural health products in our country reflects a growing awareness that these natural
products may also cause harm. Based on spontaneous drug surveillance reports we made a retrospective and
descriptive study, analyzing those reports since January 2003 until December 2005. Up to end of December
2005, the national pharmacological surveillance coordinating unit had received more than 680 reports of adverse
drug reactions (ADR) in which products with one or more herbal ingredients were suspected to be the cause of
the reaction. The top natural products were herbals (57.8%), acupuncture (37.0%) and apitherapy (2.1%). The
causality assessment were probable for the majority of the reports (78.9%) and about the 72.0% of the reports
were classified mild, there were not fatal reports and the low frequency reactions were reported in 21.5%. The
collection of adverse drug reactions reports from herbals and similar products will lead to use herbal remedies in
the same way that adverse drug reactions reports from allopathic medicines have done. In addition, reporting of
ADR from herbals may lead to more knowledge about the plants used, which may, in turn, provide information
that can be useful in the search for new allopathic medicines.
CO49- CQF: STRATEGIES OF RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT IN NATURAL PRODUCTS
Jáuregui-Haza UJ, Delgado-Hernández R, Garrido-Garrido G, González-Lavaut JA, Núñez-Sellés AJ
Centro de Química Farmacéutica (CQF), 200 y 21, Atabey, Playa, Apdo. 16042, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba.
Tel. (537)2717822, Fax: (537)2736471. Email: [email protected]
The pharmaceutical industry consecrates their efforts in research and development of new formulations from
natural products. Those processes have to be safe for human health and environment, renewable and
sustainable. The Cuban government pays special attention to the rational exploration of natural resources,
focusing an important part of the research and development processes to the search of health products.
The Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry (CQF) is an institution of Ministry of Public Health devotes to generate
and to assimilate technologies, services and knowledge through the development of scientific and technical
investigation in order to obtain and commercialize pharmaceutical products and nutraceuticals. Here we present
70
FAPRONATURA 2006
the strategy and results obtained by the Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry in the search of pharmaceuticals,
intermediates and nutraceuticals from Cuban natural products.
A clean technology for producing an aqueous extract from stem bark of Mangifera indica L (VIMANG®) has
been developed. VIMANG® has demonstrated anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in different
pharmacological preclinical models. Nowadays, VIMANG® is widely used as nutraceutical supplement, cosmetic
and phytomedicine. Various galenic formulations are being developed in order to be used in clinical treatments.
Several prostaglandins and steroids from natural intermediates have been studied. The prostaglandin A2
extracted from the gorgonia Plexaura homomalla var. S was the raw material for the synthesis of 15-methyl
prostaglandin F2α methyl ester (luteolytic and abortifacient) and prostacyclin (vasodilator for pulmonary
hypertension). On the other hand, a full series of androgenic and/or anabolic derivatives were obtained from the
natural hecogenine of Agave furcroyde.
Finally, the strategy of searching for new antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs from Cuban endemic flora is
presented. The preliminary results of the screening from some Cuban species of Erythrin, Erythroxylum,
Hypericum and Zanthoxylum are shown.
CO50- DRUG RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER. SCIENTIFIC STRATEGY IN
NATURAL PRODUCT
Rodríguez-Chanfrau JE
Drug Research and Development Center (CIDEM). Ave 26 #1605. Nuevo Vedado. Ciudad de la Habana. CP 10600.
Cuba. E-mail: [email protected]
The Drug Research and Development Center was created to research and develop medicines, nutricional
supplements and cosmetics. The center has always considered all ways possible to obtain and use the techniques
and state of the art technologies in the creation, design, evaluation and production of a medicine, following all
international requirements.
The center’s research area includes researchers and technicians with a high profile of expertise backed with
categories and scientific degrees. One of this important works in this center is a Natural Product.
The fields of research in this center are:
• Agro-technological and phytochemical studies.
• Technological development and obtaining of raw materials from natural sources.
• Technological development of finished pharmaceutical products from natural sources.
• Stability studies
• Pharmacology, toxicology and genetic toxicology studies.
The objective of this conference is show the scientific strategy of Drug Research and Development Center in natural
product research for next years.
71
FAPRONATURA 2006
CARTELES (P) / POSTERS (P)
P001- Murraya paniculata, AN ALTERNATIVE OF THE NATURAL AND TRADITIONAL
MEDICINE TO THE DOORS OF THE PHYTOTHERAPY
Casado C, Gutiérrez Y, Miranda M, Garcia G
Pharmacy and Foods Institute. University of Havana Ave. 23 no. 24 125, between 214 and 222. La Coronela. La
Lisa. Havana City. Cuba. E-mail: [email protected].
The analgesic frictions of Muraya (Murraya paniculata), reported in the Natural Products Dispensary Guide (1992), of
the MINSAP, constitute a therapeutic alternative for the relief of arthritic, arthrosic and rheumatic pains in people,
fundamentally of the third age. Presently work was developed a multidisciplinary study that allowed to identify, among
other elements, the economic contribution that has represented during the last two years, for our institution, the
dispensation of the analgesic frictions of Murraya Paniculata; additionally by means of the application of an interview,
were investigated the levels of acceptance, toward the natural product, and of trust toward the therapeutic activity that
is attributed. It was evaluated, from the experimental point of view, the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of the
tincture obtained directly of the vegetable drug, were used for it, the experimental models of edema, induced by croto
oil, in mice’s ear, as well as the test of the acetic acid and that of the hot plate. Preliminary studies were developed
from the pharmacognostic and phytochemical point of view for the drug, and also for the tincture obtained starting from
the same one. Approximately 30% of the net earnings obtained in our unit were due to the sell of this natural product.
They were met superior values to 80% of effectiveness of the treatment with the same one. The pharmacological
results for the analgesic properties were satisfactory. They were established some parameters of quality for the
tincture obtained starting from the plant. The results of the whole study, in their majority, satisfactory, impose us the
necessity of so much deepen pharmacognostic and phytochemical evaluations, like in the pharmacological and
toxicological area that allow us to not base alone the effectiveness, but also, the security of the natural product object
of our study.
P002- SERUM HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS SERUM HYALURONIDASE AND URINARY
GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS IN GONARTHROSIC PATIENTS TREATED WITH GRASS
THERMAL THERAPY
Verzelloni E1, Russo F2, Agostini G2, Manica P3, Conte A4
1
Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, via Roma 55 Pisa. E-mail: [email protected]
Department of Surgery University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. 3Garniga Terme, Trento Italy. 4Department of Agricultural
Sciences, University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
2
In thermal resort of Garniga in Bondone Alp, Trento (Italy), spa therapy of osteoarthritis is carried out with applications
on body of fresh selected grass collected from Bondone prairies, 1600 m above sea-level. During application heat is
developed and grass compounds are released. The mechanism of therapy is not well known. Its beneficial effect
continues for months after the standard treatment (11 applications in 2 weeks). Heat shock protein 70 (sHsp70) and
60 (sHsp60), which increase during various kinds of shock, were determined in serum. To evaluate the extra-cellular
matrix turnover serum hyaluronidase activity (sHAA) and urinary glycosaminoglycans (uGags) were investigated.
Fifteen gonarthrosic patients were treated with standard therapy. Clinical assessments were carried out and serum
and urine were collected before and after the third and the last application and after one, three and six months. sHsp,
sHAA and uGags were determined according references 1, 2, 3 respectively. Lequesne’s index, spontaneous pain
rating, quality of life index, and analgesic consumption significantly improve after treatment. The improvement remains
to the end of the follow-up period. Improvement of physical activity and of psychic and physical wellbeing is also
obtained. Significant increasing of sHsp70 level is observed after the third application with a maximum after the last
application then decreases progressively. No variations of sHsp60 level are found. Significant increase of sHAA and
uGags is found during treatment. No adverse reactions were reported. Conclusion: Heat produced by grass
applications determines a controlled repeated heat shock which increases intracellular and extra-cellular Hsp70
72
FAPRONATURA 2006
increasing cellular defences and modulating local and general immunity responses. Possible roles of grass-released
compounds remain to be investigated.
References: 1. Rea I.M. et al. Exp. Gerontol. 36, 341-52, 2001. 2. Marvin R. et al. Clin. Chim. Acta 245, 1-6, 1996. 3. Blumenkrantz
N., Asboe-Hansen G. Meth. Biochem. Anal. 24, 39-91, 1977.
P003- STRESS HORMONES IN CHRONIC MIGRAINE ARE MODULATED BY BOTULINUM
TOXIN TYPE A
Patacchioli FR1, Monnazzi P1, Simeoni S1, Colorisco G2, De Filippis S2, and Martelletti P2
1
Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and 2Internal Medicine, 2nd School of Medicine, University of Rome La
Sapienza, Italy
Chronic migraine is the most disabling form of headache among the ICDH-2. The failure of its treatment is often due to
a superimposed medication overuse headache (MOH) a new form of secondary headache, which has been defined as
an interaction between a medication used excessively and a susceptible patient. Subjects selected in the present
study, all triptans abuser, attended to the rehabilitation procedure in outpatient regime for 5 days: the treatment
consisted in infusion therapy with tiapride, ketorolac, ademetionine sulphate, reduced glutation, granisteron, ranitidine.
One week after the end of the MOH rehabilitation procedure, the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity
was specifically monitored by measuring hormones in saliva, thus allowing the stressful event of venipuncture to be
avoided. The participants were instructed how to collect saliva samples at home, which was performed twice a day
(08:00 h and 20:00 h). Salivary cortisol, testosterone, DHEA-S and their ratios were measured in 20 women with
chronic migraine (CM Group), previously affected by MOH, in comparison to 20 healthy women (Control Group).
Moreover, after withdrawal from MOH, 10 women with chronic migraine were treated subcutaneously with botulinum
toxin type A (CM + BOT Group). Morning and evening levels of cortisol were significantly increased in CM Group with
respect to Control Group. With regard to the cortisol/DHEA-S ratio, an inverse marker of psycho-physical well-being,
CM Group showed significantly higher values than controls. Moreover, testosterone/cortisol ratio (anabolic/catabolic
index of physical performance) was significantly lower than controls in CM patients. CM + BOT Group showed, both in
morning and evening measurements, hormone levels intermediate between controls and CM Group. Further studies
are required to elucidate the clinical relevance of HPA derangement in chronic migraine. However, it is clearly
important that neuroendocrine factors are controlled in future investigations, since migraine is often associated with distress, which is highlighted as a trigger factor of migraine attacks but may also appear as reaction to migraine attacks.
P004- SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ORAL PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS TO ESSENTIAL OILS
OF BRAZILIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS
Santos VR, França EC, Oliveira RR, Cortés ME, Brandão MGL
Laboratory of Microbiology and Biomaterials, Dentistry School. Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Pharmacy School,
Minas Gerais Federal University (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Email: [email protected]
The plants have been used in popular medicine for diverse ethiologies diseases treatment, due to its limitless
disposability to the population, low cost and absence of serious collateral complications. Recently studies have
detached a new medicine search for treatment of oral microbial diseases. In this work, it was studied the S. mutans, S.
aureus, A. actinomycetemcomitans susceptibility to 12 different essential oils of Brazilian medicinal plants: mirene
(Mir), ocimen (Oci), limonen (Lim), bisabolen (Bis), lindol (Lin), citral (Cit), cariofilen (Car), citronolol (Cin), eugenol
acetate (Eug), geraniol (Ger), copaíba oil(Cop), andiroba oil (And). The guidelines of culture and inoculate preparation,
as well as the antimicrobial susceptibility tests were on the NCCLS standard. A 0.1mL aliquot of bacteria strains
cultures in BHI broth, corresponding to 0.5 turbidity on the McFarland scale, was plated onto Mueller Hinton agar. 20
ml of each oil had been absorbed in blanc discs and placed on the specific agar surfaces previously sown with 1,5 x
108 UFC/mL and incubated at 37ºC in C02 atmosphere during 48h. Amoxicilyn was used as positive control group.
After 48 and 72 hours, the diameters of the inhibition zones were measured. The results were reported as M±SD and
compared with nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis tests. The results had shown that S. aureus growth was not inhibited by
oils in tested concentrations. Bis and Cop had demonstrated effectiveness against A.actinomycetemcomitans, better
while this was not inhibited by Mir, Eug, Ger and And. Cop, Cit, and Bis has the best inhibitors of S. mutans growth,
73
FAPRONATURA 2006
while Mir, Eug, Ger, Lin, Car and And were not effective. Studies in alive will be able to guide on the possibility of
using essential oils wich better inhibit the growth of the oral bacteria, as medicine active principles against microbiota
pathogenic buccal. Supported by Brazilian Government: Fundação de Apoio a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)
and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
P005- SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ORAL PATHOGENS MICROORGANISMS TO Casearia sylvestris
AND Stryphnodendron adstringens EXTRACTS
Schwambach CW, França EC, Oliveira RR, Cortés ME, Brandão MGL, Santos VR
Laboratory of Microbilogy and Biomaterials, Dentistry School. Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Pharmacy School.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais – Belo Horizonte, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected]
S. adstringens (barbatimão) and C. sylvestris (guaçatonga) have been used in popular medicine in various diseases
treatment, but there are few related studies in dentistry. These plants species, originated from Brazilian savane
(cerrado), contents 20% tannin barks with scar and anti-inflammatory properties. This work aimed to analyze the in
vitro Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Candida albicans
susceptibility to barbatimão and guaçatonga ethanolic extracts, and to determine their Minimum Inhibitory
Concentration (MIC), through the agar diffusion test obeying standard NCCLS. Agar surface had been sown with 1,5 x
108 UFC/ml microorganism, 20 ml of the plants extracts were absorbed in blanc discs and placed on the specific agar
surfaces. After that, they were incubated at 37ºC, during 72h. Amoxicilin, Nystatin, 98º GL ethanol and PBS were used
as the controls groups. The diameters of inhibition zones, expressed in milimeters, were submited to the
nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test. The results showed the efficient inhibition of bacteria in vitro growth. Barbatimão
and Guaçatonga did not inibit the in vitro growth of Candida albicans. The result suggests that these plants possess
active substances against bacteria, but not against moulds. Supported by Brazilian Government: Fundação de Apoio a
Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
P006- ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL FROM TWO SPECIMENS OF
Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus (Gomes) L. R. Landrum (MYRTACEAE) NATIVE FROM SÃO
PAULO STATE – BRAZIL
Lima MEL1, Cordeiro I2, Young MCM2, Sobral MEG3, Moreno PRH1
1
Instituto de Química, USP, Av. Lineu Prestes 748 B11 T 05508-900 São Paulo, Brasil. E-mail:[email protected];
[email protected] 2Instituto de Botânica – Secretaria do Meio Ambiente - Av. Miguel Stéfano, 3687 – CEP 04301-902
- Água Funda - São Paulo SP-Brasil 3Instituto de Biociências - UFMG- Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627 – Pampulha Caixa
Postal 486 31270-910, Belo Horizonte, Brasil.
Nowadays, the research towards the discovery of new antimicrobial agents has increased, mainly due to the
development of resistance and the appearance of fatal opportunistic infections associated with the immune system
depression caused by AIDS, chemotherapy and transplants. Additionally, there is a consensus among natural
products pharmacologists that substances showing an antimicrobial activity have a great probability to possess other
pharmacological activities. Myrtaceae is one of the families of highest occurrence in the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest,
especially in the Southern and Southeastern regions of the country, and it is recognized by its great potential of
producing volatile oils of economic interest. Therefore the objective of the present work was to evaluate the
antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of two specimens of Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus collected at two locations in
São Paulo state (Cardoso Island and Paranapiacaba). The oils were obtained from the dried leaves by steamdistillation with a Clevenger-type apparatus for 4 h and analyzed by CG and CG/MS. The antimicrobial activity was
evaluated using the microdilution method in microplates against Candida albicans (ATCC 10231), Escherichia coli
(ATCC 8739), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538). The values for the
minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the essential oils were
calculated by reading the absorbance of the plates at 630nm. The best results against E.coli (CIM = 48µL/L; CBM =
390µL/L) were obtained with the specimen collected in the Cardoso Island while against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus
both specimens showed similar results. However, against C. albicans, the best results were found with the specimen
collected in Paranapicaba (MIC=24µL/L and MBC=97µL/L). The difference in the sensitivity observed might be due to
74
FAPRONATURA 2006
the different chemical composition, in the Cardoso Island specimen the major component was eugenol while in the
other one of anethole.
P007- SCREENING OF THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY FROM ESSENTIAL OILS OF NATIVE
SPECIES FROM THE ATLANTIC RAIN FOREST (SÃO PAULO – BRAZIL)
Apel MA1, Lima MEL1, Souza A1,2, Cordeiro I2, Young MCM2, Sobral MEG3, Suffredini IB4, Moreno PRH1
1
Instituto de Química, USP, Av. Lineu Prestes 748 B11 T 05508-900 São Paulo, Brasil. E-mail:[email protected];
[email protected] 2Instituto de Botânica – Secretaria do Meio Ambiente - Av. Miguel Stéfano, 3687 – CEP 04301-902
- Água Funda - São Paulo SP-Brasil. 3Instituto de Biociências - UFMG- Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627 – Pampulha Caixa
Postal 486 31270-910, Belo Horizonte. 4Laboratório de Extração – UNIP – Av. Paulista, 900, 1o andar, São Paulo, SP
01310-100, Brazil
The traditional medicine all over the world employs aromatic plants in the treatment of microbial infections and as antiinflammatory. The plant variety in tropical forests represents a rich source for searching new bioactive volatile
compounds. In order to access the biological potential of the aromatic plants from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, we
assayed the essential oils from Symphyopappus itatiayensis (Asteraceae), Myrciaria floribundus (Myrtaceae),
Talauma ovata (Magnoliaceae), Psidium cattleyanum (Myrtaceae) and Nectandra megapotamica (Lauraceae) for
antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities. The oils were obtained steam-distillation for 4 h and analyzed
by CG and CG/MS. The anti-inflammatory activity was assayed by leukocyte migration technique1. The antimicrobial
activity was evaluated using the microdilution method in microplates against Candida albicans (ATCC 10231),
Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538)
after reading the absorbance at 630nm2. Antitumor activity was tested thorugh the growth inhibition of the tumor cells
MCF-7 (Breast), PC-3 (prostate), NCI-H460 (Lung), KM-12 (colon), SF-268 (Central Nervous System), e RPMI-8226
(Leukemia)3. All the oils tested were active towards S. aureus and P.aeruginosa and none could be considered active
against E. coli. The oil of P. cattleyanum was the only one which significantly inhibited the growth of C. albicans (42%).
In the anti-inflammatory assay, only one of the oils was active (P. cattleyanum), one showed no activity (M.
floribundus) and three of them caused toxic effects to the leukocytes (S. itatiayensis, N. megapotamica and T. ovata).
The antitumor assay showed that only the T. ovata oil did not inhibit the growth of any of the cell lines. The oils of the
other species were toxic to at least two of the cell lines. The results indicated that the essential oils have a
pharmacological potential as antibacterial agents for Gram + bacteria, and as antitumoral agents.
References: 1. Mello, S.B.V. et al. (1992) J. Leukocyte Biol. 51:46-52. 2. Lenczewski, M. E., (1996) J. AOAC Int. 79(6):1294-1299.
3. Monks, A. et al. (1991) J, Nat. Cancer Inst. 83: 757-766.
P008- THERAPEUTIC BENEFITS OF TWO FORMULATIONS OF AROMIELES AND ONE
FORMULATION OF PROPOMIEL
Baró-Suárez M1, Pedroso-Iglesias R3, Menéndez-Hernández J1, Domerego R2, Cherbuliez T2, Armesto-del Río
M1, Hernández-Rubiera J3, Llano-Labrador B3, De La Rosa-Rodríguez M3 , Pérez-Piñero A4, Prado-González
GL1, Lazo M1, González-Delgado JP1
1
Instituto Finlay. Ave 27 No. 19805, La Lisa AP.16017, C. Habana CP.11600. Tel.: 2731218. 2Comisión de Apiterapia
de APIMONDIA. Corso Vittorio Emanuelle II, 101 I-00186 Roma Italia. 3Consultorio del Médico de Familia de la
Comunidad “Las Terrazas”. Municipio Candelaria. Pinar del Río. 4Apicultura. MINAGRI, Cuba.
E-mail: [email protected] Collaborators from the Family ’s Doctor office of the Community "Las Terrazas”: Nurse Judit
Barrionuevo Hernandez; Nurse Caridad Borrego Fernández; Nurse Maritza Soca Hernández; Nurse Maria Elena
González Portales; Laboratory technician: Bárbara Martínez Rivera; Dental Assistant: Catalina Corrales García.
Introduction: A study with two formulations of Aromieles and one formulation of Propomiel was carried out. Aromiel
Broncopulmonar is used for the infectious diseases of the respiratory system, and Aromiel for general use with
antibiotic effect of wide spectrum. Propomiel has antiseptic and healing properties. The aim of this paper was to
describe the therapeutic benefits of the Aromieles and the Propomiel. This Protocol was approved by the State Center
for the Quality Control of Medicines and it is in agreement with the Declaration of Helsinki. Materials and Method:
Prospective, observational and open study. Depending on the clinical diagnosis, patients were divided into three study
75
FAPRONATURA 2006
groups: Aromiel Broncopulmonar, Aromiel for general use and Propomiel. Patients from both sexes (4 years old and
oldres) participated. Study variables: clinical improvement, cured, treatment, failures, expected and unexpectet
adverse events and serious adverse events and relation to the treatment. The Aromieles were indicated by oral route
and doses according to body weight; Propomiel was applied by topic route. The treatment cycle was 7, 14 or 21 days.
An individual Data Collecting Notebook was created. The Software Fox BASE+2.10 was used to enter date and Epi
INFO version 6.0 was used for date processing. Results: Most frequent adverse events: Persistence of the product’s
flavor was reported in 54.3% with Aromiel Broncopulmonar treatment, in 40.0% with Aromiel for general use and
gastrointestinal disorders were reported in the 63.6% and 54.5% respectively. No serious adverse events were
reported. The treatment effectiveness of the Aromieles was seen between 7 and 14 days and Propomiel: 7 days.
Conclusions: The effectiveness of the treatments applied in the different pathologies offers the possibility of healing
and improvement; thus these natural medicines can be applied to the patient according to the clinical diagnosis, since
no topic effects have been observed.
P009- ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF A PRODUCT ISOLATED FROM Zanthoxylum
elephantiasis
Echemendía OAa, Almora Ea, Martínez Ia, Fidalgo Oa, González Kb, González JAb, Lago Va
a
Instituto Finlay. Centro de Investigación-Desarrollo-Producción de Vacunas. Ave 27 No. 19805, La Lisa, A. P. 16017.
Cod. 11600. La Habana. Cuba. E-mail: [email protected] bCentro de Química Farmacéutica, La Habana, Cuba.
In the last years, the microbial resistence to the current antibiotics has stimulated to the searching of new therapeutic
alternatives from natural sources. According to the internacional reports the Zanthoxylium genus has antibacterial,
antifungical and antiviral properties as well as it can be used as insecticide. In our paper we evaluated the antibacterial
activity of a derive alkaloid from the Zanthoxylum elephantiasis and obtained by Liquid Chromatography fractioning.
The product was evaluated against E. coli (25922), Pseudomona aeruginosa (27853) and Staphylococcus aureus
(29213) reference strains. The microorganisms were adjusted with the turbidity standard Mc Farland 0.5. It was used
the plate micrtitulation technique for the antibacterial evaluation. Dilutions the two-fold the product were prepared from
40 mg/mL until 0.078mg/mL for determining the minimun inhibitory concentration (MIC). The alkaloid showed
antibacterial activity against S. aureus with a MIC 0.15mg/mL. There was no activity neither E. coli nor P. aeruginosa.
The results obtained suggest that the alkaloid studied should be considered as alternative antibacterial agent for the
treatment of the infection caused by S. aureus
P010- ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS AND FLAVONOIDS ISOLATED FROM
LEAVES OF Pluchea carolinensis (JACQ.) G. DON.
Perera-Córdova WHa, González-Mesa Lb, Payo-Hill ALa, Nogueiras-Lima Cc, Oquendo-Suárez Ma and SarduyDomínguez Ra
a
Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática, Carretera Varona Km 31/2 Capdevila, 10800 Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba. bCentro
de Química Farmacéutica, 200 y 21, Atabey, Playa, Ciudad de La Habana. Cuba. cLaboratorio de Productos
Naturales. Facultad de Química, Zapata y G, Vedado, 10400, Ciudad de La Habana. Cuba.
E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
Introduction: Flavonoids are a group of secondary metabolites with a wide range of biological properties such as
antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory among others. Flavonoids occupy the second group of metabolites of
most distribution in genera Pluchea Cass. The relationship between the biological properties of some plant species of
the genera and the presence of this kind of metabolites has been reported. Knowing that one of the pharmacological
target studies in the Pluchea genera are the antibacterial and antifungal activities, we have proposed to evaluate the
biological properties of the crude extracts and those of the flavonoids obtained from the leaves from Pluchea
carolinensis (Jacq.) G. Don. Material and methods: 1.7 kg of the dried and turning into powder leaves were extracted
with EtOH:H2O (7:3 v/v). The aqueous extract was subjected to some liquid-liquid extraction with n-hexane,
chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. We isolated and characterized two flavonoids from AcOEt crude extract by
means of chromatography and spectroscopic techniques. The biological evaluation was carried out with Escherichia
coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and
76
FAPRONATURA 2006
Fusarium oxysporum microorganisms by means of the direct-inoculation method on agar plates. Results: The AcOEt
and n-BuOH crude extracts provoke inhibition halos of 10 mm and 9 mm (1000 µg/mL) with Staphylococcus aureus
and Bacillus subtilis bacterias, while CHCl3 extract provoke inhibition halos of 7 mm (1000 µg/mL) with Bacillus subtilis.
The two flavonoids isolated from the AcOEt crude extract were identified as isorhamnetin and eupalitin, and they didn’t
show positive antibacterial property. Conclusions: The CHCl3, AcOEt y n-BuOH extracts showed positive
antibacterial results, while the flavonols isolated from AcOEt extract aren’t the responsible of the biological property
found in such extract. Acknowledgements: Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática, Centro Integrado Rubén Martínez Villena, Lic.
Pedro Herrera Oliver, Lic. Pedro Bravo Palma.
P011- ENDEMIC Phyllanthus FROM CUBA. MEDICAL POTENTIALITIES
Chevalier P1, Nogueiras C2
1
Medical-Biological Department University of the Sport in Camagüey. 2Organic Chemistry Department University of the
Havana, Cuba. Email: [email protected]
Introduction: The viral hepatitis B (VHB) is one of the main morbility and mortality causes in the world. A number of
species of the genus Phyllanthus (Euphorbiaceae) are being studied by their employment in traditional medicine for
the treatment of viral affections. In the search of those responsible for this action they should be considered those
made up of type tannin since it is known their antiviral action. In Cuba dozens of species are reported with high
endemism percent. Materials and methods: Ten species were evaluated by means of the technical ELISA to
determine the inactivation from the surface antigen to the diverse extracts. The quantification of tannins was
determined by means of colorimetric. The studies of toxicity were made with mice laboratory. The isolation, purification
and characterization of the metabolites were made by means of traditional technical of extraction, column
chromatographic and spectroscopic methods: RMNH1, IR, DEPT and Mass. Results: The best results in the
inactivation of the surface antigen were: P. formosus, P. microdictyus and P. chamaecristoide ssp baracoensis, the
last one was selected starting from the ecological approaches and cultivation possibility. The tannins are present in the
whole plant, they accumulated preferably in the period of flourish-fructification and they can be extracted of the dry
drug with easiness by means of infusion or decoction. The concentrations of these metabolites belong directly together
with the inactivation of the surface antigen. Toxicological studies demonstrate that it is not harmful for the possible
doses to use in correspondence with the absence of other generally toxic metabolites. Of the active fraction of leaves
it was obtained a substance of type phenol, the 4-Hidroxibenzoato of 2',3',4'-trihidroxifenilo. Conclusions: The
Phyllanthus chamaecristoide ssp baracoensis is species potentially useful to be used in the treatment of viral
affections, specifically, for the treatment of the Viral Hepatitis B.
P012- ESTUDIO TEÓRICO DE COMPUESTOS AROMÁTICOS CON ACTIVIDAD INHIBITORIA
DE LA FORMACIÓN DE β-HEMATINA
Jaramillo C1, Mora C1, Bravo K1, Muñoz K1, Arango G1, Quijano J2
1
Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, GISB, Calle 62 52-59. Torre 2, Laboratorio 229, SIU, Universidad
de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. 2Grupo de Fisicoquímica Orgánica, Universidad Nacional, sede Medellín, Colombia.
Una de las enfermedades de mayor importancia a nivel mundial es la malaria, cuyo vector de transmisión es el
mosquito Anopheles. En Colombia se ve en aumento cada año la población afectada por esta enfermedad. Cuando
el parásito, P. falciparum, se encuentra en el torrente sanguíneo del huésped, degrada la hemoglobina liberando el
grupo heme, el cual se oxida a hematina, también conocida como ferriprotoporfirina IX. Como forma de
destoxificación, el parásito forma un agregado de hematina, este proceso de agregación puede ser usado como
blanco para la terapia antimalárica. Con el fin de contribuir en la búsqueda de compuestos con actividad antimalárica
se sintetizaron 5 compuestos aromáticos, se evalúan como inhibidores de la formación de β-hematina y se reporta el
estudio teórico de los agregados compuesto-hemina formados con el fin de determinar como se podría establecer la
interacción droga-receptor. El % inhibición de la formación de β-hematina de la hemina y los compuestos
potencialmente inhibidores se realiza bajo condiciones de acidez y temperatura controlada (pH 4.0, 60°C), y se toman
lecturas espectrofotométricas a 386 nm. Se usa la cloroquina como patrón de referencia y los experimentos se
77
FAPRONATURA 2006
hacen por triplicado. Se realizó la modelación molecular de los compuestos con el fin de determinar la forma de
interacción de estos con la hemina y el grupo funcional necesario para la formación del agregado compuesto-hemina
requerido para la inhibición. El estudio teórico de los compuestos en Gaussian 03 y base B3LYP, muestran la
interacción entre el oxigeno carbonílico y el Fe central del anillo porfirínico de la hemina. La modificación de grupos
funcionales en los compuestos varía el %inhibición. Los parámetros geométrico de los agregados compuesto-hemina
están altamente relacionados con la actividad inhibitoria.
P013- LEAF OIL COMPOSITIONS AND BIOACTIVITIES OF ABACO BUSH MEDICINES
Setzer W, Schmidt J, Noletto J, Vogler B
Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville. Huntsville, Alabama, 35899, U.S.A.
Introduction: Four aromatic plants used in traditional “bush” medicine on Abaco Island, Bahamas were studied.
Amyris elemifera (Rutaceae), “white torch”, is taken as a febrifuge and applied to sores and wounds, to treat influenza,
and as an external bath and general tonic. Eugenia axillaris (Myrtaceae), “white stopper”, is used as an aphrodisiac,
as well as to treat diarrhea and for bathing women after childbirth. Lantana involucrata (Verbenaceae), “wild sage”, is
used to treat itching of the skin, measles and chicken pox. Myrica cerifera (Myricaceae), “bayberry”, is taken as a
general tonic and diuretic. Materials and Methods: The leaf essential oils of the four aromatic plants were obtained
by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. The antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas
aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger, and the in-vitro
cytotoxicity of the oils on MDA-MB-231, MCF7, Hs 578T, Hep G2, and PC-3 human tumor cells have also been
examined. Results: The most abundant components of Amyris elemifera were limonene (45.0%) and linalool
(20.8%). Eugenia axillaris leaf oil was largely composed of α-pinene (15.5%) and dihydroagarofuran (9.2%). The leaf
oil of Lantana involucrata was made up largely of germacrene D (21.1%), α-humulene (15.2%), and β-caryophyllene
(13.7%). The most abundant essential oil components of Myrica cerifera were 1,8-cineole (30.7%) and α-terpineol
(14.2%). L. involucrata leaf oil showed slight antibacterial activity against B. cereus and Staph. aureus and was
weakly cytotoxic against our panel of cell lines. Neither A. elemifera, E. axillaris, nor M. cerifera leaf oils were
appreciably antimicrobial or cytotoxic. Conclusions: The reported biological activities of the major constituents of A.
elemifera leaf oil are consistent with the ethnopharmacological uses of this plant. The major components in the leaf oil
and slight antimicrobial activity are consistent with the ethnobotanical use of L. involucrata to treat itching skin.
P014- INHIBITION OF CRUZAIN BY Ocotea LEAF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM MONTEVERDE,
COSTA RICA
Setzer W, Takaku S, Stokes S, Penton A
Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville. Huntsville, Alabama, 35899, U.S.A.
Introduction: Over 18 million people in tropical and subtropical America are afflicted by American trypanosomiasis or
Chagas disease. Symptoms of the disease include fever, swelling, and heart and brain damage, usually leading to
death. There is currently no effective treatment for this disease. Cruzain is a cysteine protease from Trypanosoma
cruzi that is key to replication and differentiation of the parasite and has been identified as an important biochemical
target for treatment of this parasitic infection. Materials and Methods: The leaf essential oils of ten species of Ocotea
from Monteverde, Costa Rica, were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. The enzyme inhibitory
activities of the essential oils against cruzain have been examined using a fluorometric assay. Results: O. meziana
leaf oil was the most active (IC50 = 14.9 µg/mL) followed by O. whitei (15.8 µg/mL), Ocotea sp. nov. “los llanos” (17.1
µg/mL), Ocotea sp. nov. “small leaf” (19.2 µg/mL) and O. holdridgeana (76.9 µg/mL). The leaf oils of O. floribunda, O.
tonduzii, and O. valeriana were somewhat active (IC50 100-200 µg/mL), but O. sinuata and O. veraguensis essential
oils were inactive (IC50 > 500 µg/mL). The Ocotea leaf essential oils are generally dominated by the monoterpenes αand β-pinene and the sesquiterpenes β-caryophyllene and germacrene D. α-Pinene and β-pinene show slight cruzain
inhibitory activity (IC50 = 160 and 155 µg/mL, respectively), but neither β-caryophyllene nor germacrene D are active
78
FAPRONATURA 2006
(IC50 > 500 µg/mL). Conclusions: The cruzain inhibitory activity of Ocotea leaf essential oils cannot be explained by
the activities of the major components alone. There may be synergistic effects of the components or the activities may
be due to minor components.
P015- TOXICIDAD DE NEOLIGNANOS AISLADOS DE Aristolochia taliscana
ACTIVIDAD ANTIMICOBACTERIANA
CON
León-Díaz R1, Meckes Fisher M1, Luna-Herrera J2, Said-Fernández S3, Molina-Salinas G3, Jiménez-Arellanes A1
1
UIMFPN, CMN Siglo XXI, IMSS, México DF (México); 2Lab. Inmunoquímica, Depto. Inmunología, ENCB, IPN, México
DF (México); 3CIBIN-IMSS, Monterrey, NL. México
Introducción: A nivel mundial la tuberculosis es la segunda causa de muerte por un solo agente patógeno, 1/3 de la
población mundial está infectada con Mycobacterium tuberculosis y anualmente ocurren 1.8 millones de muertes. La
estrategia de control es el Tratamiento Acortado Estrictamente Supervisado. En la actualidad los casos
multifarmacoresistentes son más comunes, y su tratamiento y control constituye un reto de salud. Por ello se han
iniciado proyectos enfocados a la búsqueda de moléculas activas para desarrollar nuevos agentes a partir de
diversas fuentes naturales y sintéticas que acorten el tratamiento y/o coadyuven al mismo. La búsqueda de
moléculas con actividad antimicobacteriana en plantas medicinales mexicanas ha permitido encontrar especies
vegetales y compuestos puros con actividad antimicobacteriana. Objetivo: Determinar la toxicidad y la actividad
antimicobacteriana in vitro de neolignanos aislados de A. taliscana. Metodología: La toxicidad de las muestras se
determinó por el método de Lorke en ratones machos Balb/C administrados por vía oral en un rango de concentración
de 235 a 5000 mg/kg. La evaluación del efecto antimicobacteriano in vitro de las muestras fue determinado por el
ensayo MABA; a la concentración de 200 a 6.25 µg/ml, contra M. tuberculosis H37Rv, 4 cepas monoresistentes y 17
aislados clínicos y 6 cepas no tuberculosas. La obtención de los compuestos se realizo por cromatografía y
cristalización; la identificación fue por análisis de sus datos espectroscópicos y espectrométricos. Resultados: El
extracto hexánico y la fracción más activa presentó una DL50 >5000mg/kg. Dos de los compuestos activos
presentaron una DL50 >1700mg/kg. El fraccionamiento químico-biodirigido permitió obtener tres neolignanos con
actividad antimicobacteriana: licarina A, licarina B y eupomatenoide-7 cuyas CMI´s están entre 50-3.12µg/mL contra
las micobacterias probadas. Conclusiones: Aristolochia taliscana constituye una fuentes importante de compuestos
con actividad antimicobacteriana y de baja toxicidad.
P016- POTENCIAL ANTITUBERCULOSO DE LA ESPECIE MEDICINAL Thymus vulgaris
Jiménez-Arellanes A1, Martinez R1, León Díaz R1, Luna J2, Said-Fernández S3, Molina-Salinas G3, Meckes M1
1
Unidad Investigación Médica en Farmacología de Productos Naturales, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico
Nacional Siglo XXI. 2Depto de Inmunología, ENCB, IPN. 3Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Monterrey,
N. L., México. Emails: [email protected], [email protected]
La tuberculosis es la segunda enfermedad infectocontagiosa del mundo. La OMS implemento la estrategia TAES para
controlar y erradicar la TB; sin embargo, actualmente es provocada por cepas FR difíciles de tratar. Además, por más
de tres décadas la investigación de nuevos agentes antituberculosos fue escasa. Debido a estos factores se han
iniciado proyectos enfocados a la búsqueda de moléculas activas y/o prototipos para el desarrollo de nuevos agentes
a partir de fuentes naturales y sintéticas. El desarrollo de una línea de investigación encaminada a la búsqueda de
moléculas con actividad antiTB en plantas medicinales ha permitido encontrar especies con importante actividad,
destacando Thymus vulgaris, que es utilizada para curar enfermedades de las vías respiratorias y gastrointestinales.
Investigaciones previas describen su efecto antimicrobiano, antifúngico y antiséptico pero el potencial antiTB no ha
sido descrito. Objetivo: Determinar el potencial antimicobacteriano y toxicológico de T. vulgaris mediante
fraccionamiento químico biodirigido. Metodología: Los extratos hexánico y metanólico de T. vulgaris se prepararon
vía maceración. La actividad antimicobacteriana se determino por el método colorimétrico de alamar azul en un rango
de concentración de 6.25-100 µg/mL contra M. tuberculosis H37Rv y 7 aislados clínicos MFR de M. tuberculosis. El
fraccionamiento químico permitió el aislamiento de los compuestos activos cuya identificación química se realizo por
RMN y EM. La toxicidad aguda de los extractos se determino en ratones Balb C y en Artemia salina. Resultados: Del
79
FAPRONATURA 2006
extracto hexánico (más activo, CMI= 50 µg/mL) se obtuvieron por fraccionamiento químicolos compuestos activos,
siendo: oleanan-11,13(18)-dieno, fitol, ácido hecadecanoico, ác. y la mezcla de ácido ursólico/oleanólico. Del extracto
metanólico se obtuvo cantidades adicionales de la mezcla de ácido ursólico/oleanólico por proceso de partición
ácido/base. La DL50 del extracto hexánico y metanólico fue >5000 mg/kg y la CI50 para el crustáceo Artemia salina
fue de 646 ppm, para ambos extractos.
P017POTENCIAL
FARMACOLÓGICO
MICROPROPAGADA Y BIOMASA DE CALLO
DE
LA
ESPECIE
Rubus
liebmanii
Cornejo-Garrido J1, Jimenez-Arellanes A1, Meckes-Fischer M1, Rojas-Bibriesca G2, Nicasio-Torres P2,
Tortoriello-García J2, Said-Fernández S3, Mata-García B3
1
UIMFPN, CMN Siglo XXI, IMSS, México DF, México; 2CIBIN-IMSS, Xochitepec, Morelos, México; 3CIBIN-IMSS,
Monterrey, NL., México. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
Introducción: Rubus liebmanii se utiliza en la medicina tradicional de México para tratar tos, insomnio y disentería.
La especie no se ha investigado; pero los extractos y compuestos de otras especies del género se reportaron con
importante actividad biológica. Entre ellos están: (+)-catequina, (-)-epicatequina, sitosterol y ácido elágico aislados de
R. corifolius, sin embargo su micropropagación no se ha logrado, lo que no ha permitido completar los estudios que
permitan determinar su potencial real. El estudio químico y biológico de R. liebmanii permitirá establecer sí contiene
los mismos o diferentes compuestos reportados para R. corifolius. Objetivo: Evaluar el potencial farmacológico del
material micropropagado y callo de R. liebmanii y aislar e identificar los compuestos responsables del efecto
biológico. Metodología: Los extractos del material micropropagado y callo se prepararon vía maceración con etanol.
El efecto antimicrobiano se determino por el método de dilución contra Staphylococcus aureus, S. pyogenes,
Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella typhi, Candida albicans, Trychophyton
mentagrophytes y T. rubrum. La DL50 se determino en ratones Balb/C y en ratas Sprague Dawley a la concentración
de 1000, 1600, 2900 y 5000 mg/kg, administrados por V.O. Resultados: El extracto etanólico del material
micropropagado fue activo contra S. aureus (CMI=1 mg/mL) y moderadamente activo contra las cuatro bacterias
restantes (CMI=8 mg/mL). Además, resulto activo contra las dos especies de Trychophyton (CMI=2 mg/mL) e inactivo
contra C. albicans (>8 mg/mL). El extracto del callo resulto inactivo contra las bacterias y moderadamente activo
contra Trychophyton (CMI=8 mg/mL). El efecto antiprotozoario del material micropropagado contra Entamoeba
histolytica, Trichomonas vaginalis y Giardia lamblia, fue del 10, 12 y 4 % de inhibición a 100 µg/mL, y contra G.
intestinales presentó un IC50 de 11.75 µg/mL. La DL50 en ambas especies de roedores fue >5 g/kg, sin alteraciones
físicas en los principales órganos ni variación de peso. Conclusiones: El extracto etanólico del material
micropropagado y del callo de R. lebmanii presentaron importante actividad biológica y bajo efecto tóxico por lo que
puede constituir una fuente de compuestos activos o bien servir como material de referencia para el desarrollo de
posibles preparaciones farmacéuticas.
P018- INHIBICIÓN DE UN BLANCO MOLECULAR ESPECÍFICO DE ANTIMALÁRICOS Y
COMO CRITERIO DE
CORRELACIÓN CON LA ACTIVIDAD SOBRE P. falciparum
SELECCIÓN DE POTENCIALES ANTIPLASMODIALES DE FUENTE NATURALES
Muñoz K1, Fernandez G1, Alzate F1, Arango G1, Segura C2, Bravo K1
1
Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas –GISB- Corporación Académica para el Estudio y Control de
Patologías Tropicales CAPET. Facultad de Química Farmacéutica. 2Grupo de Malaria. Calle 62 # 52-59 Torre II
laboratorio. Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia. Email: [email protected].
La malaria, enfermedad producida por parásitos del género Plasmodium, causa alrededor de 2,7 millones de
muertes al año y 2.400 millones de personas viven en regiones de alto riesgo para su transmisión especialmente en
las regiones al sur del Sahara en África, el sudeste de Asia y Latinoamérica (1). Una de las estrategias para proponer
alternativas de tratamiento es el uso del conocimiento farmacológico que se tiene de los mecanismos de acción de los
antimaláricos disponibles, así como de potenciales blancos a atacar para el descubrimiento de nuevas entidades
moleculares obtenidas a partir de la biodiversidad. En el presente trabajo se estudiaron las especies de la flora
Colombiana Monnina angustata (Polygalaceae) y Symbolanthus pterocalyx (Gentianaceae), plantas con crecimiento
80
FAPRONATURA 2006
restringido para Colombia y sus límites biogeográficos, con las cuales se realizó un estudio biodirigido según el cual
para su fraccionamiento químico se rastreó la capacidad de inhibición de la formación de β-hematina, sustancia
sintética idéntica a la hemozoina, la cual es formada en la vacuola del parásito para detoxificar el grupo heme; de tal
manera que ésta inhibición desencadena procesos de estrés oxidativo mediados por unidades monoméricas o
diméricas de ferriprotoporfirina IX que resultan en efectos altamente tóxicos para el parásito. Este modelo fue
empleado para determinar los porcentajes de inhibición y los valores de CI50 de los extractos y fracciones
comparados con Cloroquina. Finalmente se correlacionó la actividad de las fracciones inhibidoras de la formación de
β-hematina con un modelo que permite hacer una determinación radioisotópica de la viabilidad celular utilizando la
cepa FCB-1 de P. falciparum cultivada en presencia de hipoxantina tritiada, obteniendo así una importante correlación
entre la actividad sobre el blanco molecular y el parásito (rp= 0,8805, valor P**).
Referencia: 1. WHO Expert Committee on Malaria (2000) “Technical Report Series, Twentieth Report”.World Health Organization,
Geneva.
P019- EVALUACIÓN BIOLÓGICA DE COMPUESTOS AROMÁTICOS COMO INHIBIDORES
DE β-LACTAMASA
Jaramillo MC, Mora CL, Vélez LE, Arango GJ
Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, GISB, Calle 62 52-59. Torre 2, Laboratorio 229, SIU, Universidad
de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. E-mail: [email protected]
La enzima β-lactamasa destruye hidrolíticamente moléculas antibióticas. La aparición frecuente de resistencia
microbiana debido a la enzima β-lactamasa en bacterias patógenas, ha traído consecuencias importantes en términos
de morbilidad y mortalidad en Colombia. En la lucha de contrarrestar la actividad destructora de la enzima βlactamasa, nuestro grupo investiga sobre compuestos inhibidores de esta enzima con el fin de presentar alternativas
para el control de bacteria productoras de β-lactamasa. Estos compuestos tienen como cabeza de serie la
benzoacetofenona, al cual se le adiciono grupos extractores y dadores de electrones en los anillos aromáticos. La
enzima fue preparada en buffer fosfato pH 7.3, incubada a 37°C por 10 hr con amoxicilina a concentraciones entre 18
µM y 108 µM. La concentración evaluada de ácido clavulánico, patrón de referencia usado para infecciones mixtas, y
los compuestos fue de 5.4 µM. Los valores de Km y Vmax para los complejos enzima-sustrato fueron obtenidos con
el paquete GraphPad prisma. Cada evaluación se realizó por triplicado. Se evaluó la benzoacetofenona sobre la
enzima β-lactamasa, a este compuesto se le adicionaron diferentes grupos funcionales en los anillos aromáticos y el
modo de acción del compuesto cambia de inhibidor no competitivo a inhibidor competitivo, es decir los grupos
funcionales adicionados podrían cambiar la orientación del inhibidor con respecto al sitio activo. La adición de grupos
funcionales atractores de electrones en uno de los anillos podría influenciar en la actividad inhibitoria de los
compuestos. Los compuestos derivados de la benzoacetofenona son más activos como inhibidores competitivos de la
enzima que el ácido clavulánico. Todos los compuestos evaluados fueron inhibidores de la enzima y después de 10
hr, la enzima no recobra su actividad, esto podría indicar que los compuestos reportados en este estudio podrían
inhibir irreversiblemente la enzima β-lactamasa.
P020- in vitro ANTIPROTOZOAL ACTIVITY OF ALKALOIDS FROM Phaedranassa dubia
(AMARYLLIDACEAE)
Osorio E1,2, Brun R3, Viladomat F2, Codina C2, Cabezas F4 and Bastida J2
1
Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Antioquia, A.A. 1226-Medellín,
Colombia. E-mail: [email protected] 2Departament de Productes Naturals, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat
de Barcelona, Avda Diagonal 643, 08028-Barcelona, Spain. 3Parasite Chemotherapy, Swiss Tropical Institute, Socinstrae
57, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland. 4Departamento de Química, Grupo de Química de Compuestos Bioactivos, Universidad
del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia.
Continuing our work on Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, the bulbs of Phaedranassa dubia were studied and found to contain
eight alkaloids: pseudolycorine, ungeremine, zefbetaine, haemanthamine, sanguinine, galanthamine, epinorgalanthamine
and buphanamine. Their structures were established using physical and spectroscopic methods. Each alkaloid was tested
81
FAPRONATURA 2006
against the following parasitic protozoa: Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania donovani and
Plasmodium falciparum. The results showed a good activity of the betaine ungeremine against P. falciparum (IC50 = 0.09
µg/ml). Additionally, haemanthamine presented noteworthy activity against T. brucei rhodesiense (IC50 = 0.49 µg/ml) and
P. falciparum (IC50 = 0.69 µg/ml) and pseudolycorine was active against P. falciparum (IC50 = 0.24 µg/ml).
Acknowledgements: Edison Osorio thanks the Fundación Carolina for his doctoral fellowship.
P021- ANTIPROTOZOAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL ASSAY GUIDED FRACTIONATION OF
Eupatorium arnottianum EXTRACTS
Clavin M1, Yardley V2, Croft S2, Anke T3 & Martino V1
1
Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA) (UBA-CONICET), Cátedra de Farmacognosia,
Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956- Buenos Aires, Argentina. Email:
[email protected] 2London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK. 3LB
Biotechnologie, University of Kaiserslautern, 23 P. Ehrlich St., Kaiserslautern, Germany.
Antiprotozoal activities of dichloromethane extract and antimicrobial activity of dichloromethane and ethanol 50%
extracts of E. arnottianum Griseb. are reported in the present study, as well as isolation of antimicrobial compounds.
E. arnottianum is a medicinal herb used in Argentina and Bolivia. Kallawaya healers of the Bolivian Altiplano use its
tea against bronchitis and colds, and the fresh or dried leaves for bone fractures and dislocations. Dichloromethane
extract of E. arnottianum was assayed against Leishmania donovanni and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense according
to Tasdemir et al, 2006. Antimicrobial activity of dichloromethane and ethanol 50% extracts and fractions were done
using the disk difussion assay (200 ug extract/disk). Dichloromethane extract of E. arnottianum inhibited T. brucei
rhodesiense growth (ED50 3.6 µg/ml) and L. donovani (ED50 11.5 µg/ml). This extract was adsorbed on celite and
successively submitted to S/L extractions, CC in Sephadex LH 20 and preparative DAD HPLC. The four main fractions
obtained were tested for bioactivity. From two active fractions (ED50 L. donovani 1.1 ug/ml) and (ED50 P. falciparum
6.18 µg/ml) four flavonoids were isolated, activity assays of which are in course. Dichloromethane extract was also
active against B. brevis, B. subtilis and N. coryli. The extract was fractioned as mentioned above and fractions tested
against B. brevis. From one of the fractions an active compound, jaceosidin, was isolated. Ethanol 50% extract
selectively inhibited B. brevis and B. subtilis. This extract was partitioned by L/L extraction and CC Sephadex LH20.
Bioautography and disk diffusion guided fractionation against B. brevis led to the isolation and identification of two
active compounds: nepetin and eriodyctiol.
References: Tasdemir D., Kaiser M., Brun R., Yardley V., Schmidt T.J., Tosun F., Ruedi P. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2006;
50(4):1352-64.
P022- ACTIVIDAD ANTIBACTERIANA DE EXTRACTOS DICLOROMETÁNICOS DE ONCE
PLANTAS DE LA FLORA DE ENTRE RÍOS (ARGENTINA)
Vivot E1, Muñoz JD2, Herrero I1, Dragán A1 y Sequin C1
Cátedras 1Química General, 2Botánica Sistemática, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, UNER-Ruta 11, Km 10, CC
Nº 24 (3100), Oro Verde, Entre Ríos, Argentina. E-mail: [email protected]
La resistencia que han desarrollado distintos agentes infecciosos, especialmente las bacterias, a los medicamentos
tradicionales, impone la urgente necesidad de buscar medicinas alternativas en el mundo vegetal. El conocimiento
etnobotánico atesora numerosas plantas con reputación antimicrobiana que requieren la comprobación científica de
dichas bioactividades. La flora vascular de Entre Ríos (Argentina) atesora más de 500 especies de plantas
medicinales -de un total de 2.050-, que tienen registros de usos para el tratamiento de la salud. Muchas de estas
plantas son utilizadas en la cultura popular para el tratamiento de dermatitis, infecciones, eczemas, granos y otras
afecciones atribuidas a bacterias y hongos, de las cuales se seleccionaron 11 especies vegetales: Acacia bonariensis
Gilles ex Hook & Arn.; Baccharis articulata (Lam.) Pers.; Blepharocahyx salicifolia (Kunth) O.Berg.; Castela Tweedii
Planch.; Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms; Eritrina crista-galli L., Gaillardia megapotamica (Spreng.) Baker var.
Megapotamica; Hydrocotyle bonariensis Lam.; Phytolacca dioica L.; Senna scabriuscula (Vog.-Zuber) H.S. Irwin &
barneby; Typha latifolia L. Se ensayaron 14 extractos diclorometánicos –11 de partes aéreas de todas las especies,
2 de corteza de E. crista-galli y P. dioica, y 1 de raíz de T. Latifolia- mediante el test de difusión en medio sólido
82
FAPRONATURA 2006
frente a cepas de bacterias gram positivas y negativas: Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633); Escherichia coli (ATCC 25422);
Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923); Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), como además frente a una cepa
clínica(*) de Staphylococcus aureus resistente a la meticilina. Los resultados muestran que los extractos de partes
aéreas de E. crassipes y de corteza de E. crista-galli resultaron activos contra B. subtilis y S. aureus. Asimismo,
mostraron actividad contra B. subtilis los extractos de H. Bonariensis, Typha latifolia (raiz), B. articulata y
Blepharocahyx salicifolia. Los extractos de partes aéreas de B. salicifolia y E. crassipes evidenciaron actividad
contra la cepa clínica de S. aureus resistente a la meticilina. Los resultados alcanzados auspician la profundización
de los estudios.
P023- ANTI-CHAGASIC AND ANTIMALARIAL ACTIVITY OF 5-NITRO-HETEROCYCLIC
BENHYDRAZIDE DERIVATIVES OBTAINED BY PARALLEL SYNTHESIS
Rando DGa,b, Ferreira EIa, Avery MAc
a
Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, São Paulo, Brasil; bUniversidade Bandeirante de São
Paulo, R. Ma. Cândida, 1813, São Paulo, Brasil; cUniversity of Mississippi, 417 Faser Hall University, Oxford, MS,
USA. E-mail: [email protected]
Chagas´ disease and malaria have been considered neglected diseases and serious health and social problems to
endemic countries. Nitroderivatives have been exploited in medicine as broad spectrum antimicrobial agents whose
most accepted mechanism of action depends on the reduction of the nitro group, free radical production and damage
to parasite DNA triggering a lethal effect. This project aimed the synthesis of a 5-nitro-heterocyclic benzhydrazide
series with two main sites of diversity: the benzenic ring whit different linked R groups and substitution patterns and
the kind of heterocyclic group directly bounded to the nitro group. A 64 compounds library was designed from nonsubstituted leads and 56 derivatives were obtained by applying automated parallel synthesis. This synthetic approach
is an important tool to synthetic derivation of lead compounds and has been widely applied to the optimization of
bioactive agents from natural sources. This library was screened in vitro in the search for active compounds against
Plasmodium falciparum and Trypanosoma cruzi. 2D-QSAR studies were also carried out. Seven compounds exhibited
promising activity against P. falciparum. 2D-QSAR analysis revealed compounds 7 fold more active than the nonsubstituted prototype. Nitrothiophenes derivatives were more active than nitrofurans pointing to the relevance of the
kind of heterocyclic group linked to the nitro group for this activity. To the anti-chagasic activity, derivatives were highly
promising and exhibited better pharmacological activity profiles than the reference drug. In contrast with the observed
for the malaria assays, nitrofurans exhibited better activity than the nitrothiophenes derivatives.
P024- ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF CUBAN VEGETABLE SPECIES
González-Lavaut JAa, Prieto-González Sa, Garrido-Garrido Ga, García Torres Mb, González-Guevara JLa,
González-García Ka, Monteagudo-Borges Rb, Rivas de la Vega Ya, Gordo-Alvarez Oa, Echemendía-Arana OAb,
Pino-Rodríguez Sa
a
Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 200 Street and 21 Ave, Atabey, Playa, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba. bFinlay
Institute, 27 Ave, No. 19805, La Lisa, La Habana. Cuba. Email: josea.lavaut@infomed. sld.cu
Introduction: The natural products, fundamentally those that are based on medicinal plants constitute favourites
therapies for the treatment of some ailments and illnesses. They are hundred the virus known by the sciences and
every day they are discovered some more than cause a very negative effect for the humanity. In the action against the
micro-organisms, the scientific development has propitiated the interest for the medicinal plants and the natural
bioactive substances to battle some virus and today it is investigated strongly in this field. Material and methods: We
carried out a prospecting of the scientific literature around the use of the medicinal plants for the treatment of viral
processes. In the particular thing, it is evaluated the citotoxicity and antiviral capacity of extracts in several species of
the Erythroxylum, Erythrina and Zanthoxylum genus that grow in Cuba against stumps of banks and of isolated
clinical, in some cases the viruside activity is evaluated. Results: It is feasible to direct the investigations with
vegetable species for the search of antiviral extracts, keeping in mind that the etnomedical knowledge constitutes an
instrument of very potent information that allows guiding the current scientific investigations in the search of new
therapies, in the face of a high diversity of superior plants to explore. In our mark, exist some genus of plants that are
83
FAPRONATURA 2006
promissory at least to find made up with properties antiviral. Extracts of several species of the Erythroxylum and
Erythrina genus showed antiherpetic activity of the type I and II, and they don't turn out to be toxic. Conclusions: The
flora constitutes an important resource for the treatment of viral affections. Diverse extracts coming from vegetable
species can diminish or to eliminate the undesirable effects of the illnesses taken place by virus. Some extracts of the
Erythroxylum and Erythrina goods show capacity antiviral and they could become phytomedicines.
References: 1. Prieto-González, S. et al. (2004) Rev. CENIC Ciencias Biológicas 35:19-36. 2. González-García, K. et al. (2005)
Acta Farmacéutica B., 24: 284-290.
P025- ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTACTS FROM Erythroxylum
GENUS AGAINST HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2
Monteagudo-Borges Ra, García-Torres Ma, Hidalgo-Perera Oa, Echemendía-Arana OAa, Bolaños-Queral Ga,
Lago-Abascal Va, González-Lavaut JAb and González-Guevara Jb
a
Instituto Finlay. Centro de Investigación-Desarrollo-Producción de Vacunas. Ave 27 No. 19805, La Lisa, A.P. 16017.
Postal Cod. 11600. La Habana. Cuba. bCentro de Química Farmacéutica, La Habana, Cuba.
Introduction: Nowadays, different drugs are used for the treatment of the Herpes simplex; more of them are very
toxic and expensive. Several hundred plant species have potential antiviral properties. In this research, were
evaluated the antiviral, virucidal and cytotoxic activities of hydroalcoholic extracts derived from plants of the
Erythroxylum genus, against Herpes simplex virus type 2. Materials and methods: The cytotoxicity of these extracts
was determined by colorimetric MTT method. The antiviral assay was performed in 96-well flat-bottom tissue culture
plates. In these assays, different concentrations of extracts were added to confluent monolayers of cells. After 60 min
of incubation at 370C, the virus suspensions were added. The 50% effective concentration was calculated using the
MTT method. To determine the ability of compounds to directly inactivate HSV-2, the virus suspension was mixed with
different concentrations of the extracts. After 60 min, the mixtures were added to monolayers of cell. All plates were
incubated at 370C in a 5% CO2 atmosphere incubator. Results: The citotoxic values were found higher than 1000
µg/mL with 95% of cellular viability. All the extracts were be able to protect the cells against the infection by Herpes
simple 2 and showed a good virucidal activity. Conclusion: The results obtained suggest that the extracts studied
should be considered as good antiviral candidates.
P026- EVALUATION OF ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF FRACTIONS FROM Erythroxylum
minutifolium AGAINST HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2
García-Torres M a, Monteagudo-Borges Ra, Fidalgo-Perera Oa, Echemendía-Arana OAa, Bolaños-Queral Ga,
Lago-Abascal Va, Almora-Hernández Ea, González-Guevara Jb and González-Lavaut JAb
a
Instituto Finlay. Centro de Investigación-Desarrollo-Producción de Vacunas. Ave 27 No. 19805, La Lisa, A. P. 16017.
Postal Cod. 11600. La Habana. Cuba. bCentro de Química Farmacéutica (CQF), La Habana, Cuba.
Introduction: Several hundred plants and herb species that have potential as novel antiviral agents have been
studied, with surprisingly little overlap. The genus Erythroxylum contains species with potent antiviral activity against
Herpes simplex viruses. In this research, were evaluated the antiviral and cytotoxic activities of six fractions from the
Erythroxylum minutifolium, an endemic Cuban species, against Herpes simplex virus type 2. Materials and methods:
The cytotoxicity of these fractions was evaluated using the quantitative MTT assay. The antiviral assay was performed
in 96-well flat-bottom tissue culture plates evaluating 4 replicates by sample. In these assays, different concentrations
were added to confluent monolayers of cells. After 60 min of incubation at 370C, appropiate virus suspensions were
added. The 50% effective concentration was calculated using the MTT method. To determine the ability of compounds
to directly inactivate HSV-2, the virus suspension was mixed with different concentrations of each fraction. After 60
min, the mixtures were added to monolayers of cell. All plates were incubated at 370C in a 5% CO2 atmosphere
incubator. Results: The fractions EM-CM, FA-P, FA, FA1, FA2 and FP showed antiviral activity against HSV-2. All
fractions exhibited a potent virucidal activity, except the EM-C fraction, which did not show antiviral activity either.
84
FAPRONATURA 2006
Conclusion: Based on these results, we suggest that the use of the fractions from Erythroxylum minutifolium species
should be considered a source of effective antivirals.
P027- ANTIOXIDANT EVALUATION IN VIVO OF Spirulina platensis
Megret Ra, Torres MAb
a
Department of Pharmacy. Faculty Natural Sciences. University of Oriente. Patricio Lumumba s/n. Santiago of Cuba.
Cuba. bDepartment of Toxicology. Institute of Pharmacy and Food. University of Havana. Street: 222. Coronela. Lisa.
Introduction: At the present time, one works in the search compound capable to attenuate the physiologic disorders
mediated by the generation of the reactive oxygen species, for that presently work are shown the results the
antioxidant evaluation the Spirulina platensis, through a model toxicity induced by paraquat, which generates bipiridil
radical and consequently lipid peroxidation. Materials and methods: Female rats Sprague Dawley was used tried
with a suspension of Spiruilina platensis 10% in cellulose carboxymethyl 0.5%, to a dose 2 g/kg during 7 days by
mouth and the paraquat was administered in saline solution 40 mg/kg intraperitonealy to the eighth day of the
experiment, being carried out the sacrifice later 48 h. As antioxidant pattern was employee the vitamin E in sunflower
oil to a dose 50 m/kg by mouth, the animals were distributed in five experimental groups: Control, toxicity with
paraquat, Spirulina, Spirulina + paraquat and vitamin E + paraquat, were extracted the organs: liver, kidney and lung,
for the obtaining homogenates, with which was measured biomarkers of the oxidative stress: reduced glutathione, total
proteins, malonyldialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes. Statistical analysis was carried out through
the mean and standard deviation and the test of Kruscal Wallis and test of Dunn to determine the statistical
significance among groups. Results: It was obtained that this microalgae, elevated the concentrations reduced
glutathione and total proteins, it diminished the levels malonyldialdehyde, it increased the activity the superoxide
dismutase and catalase enzymes, with securities statistically significant with regard to the group treaty with vitamin E.
Conclusion: These discoveries suggest that the Spirulina platensis, possesses antioxidant compounds as: carotenes,
vitamin E, vitamin C, among other, that confer it a preventive action against the oxidative damage induced for
paraquat.
P028- SCAVENGER THE REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES BY Spirulina platensis
Megret Ra, Torres MAb
a
Department of Pharmacy. Faculty Natural Sciences. University of Oriente. Patricio Lumumba s/n. Santiago of Cuba.
Cuba. bDepartment of Toxicology. Institute of Pharmacy and Food. University of Havana. Street: 222. Coronela. Lisa.
Introduction: Spirulina platensis, is a microalgae very utilized as nutritional supplement. In this investigation was
carried out a study the antioxidant activity in vitro of different concentrations the hidroalcoholic extract, through the
mensuration of the scavenger Reactive Oxygen Species(ROS) that allowed to demonstrate its antioxidant capacity.
Materials and methods: It was evaluated capturing the superoxide (O2.-) for the method the Pirogallol, the scavenger
hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by means of the colorimetric quantitative determination this ROS using the assay based on
the oxidation the ferrous iron to ferric for hydrogen peroxide under acid conditions and the hidroxyl radical (OH.), as
well as the power chelate iron of the Spirulina, by means of the generation the OH. for the system H2O2/EDTA/Fe3+/
ascorbic acid and the detection the damages that originates this radical to the sugar deoxyribose. For the
determination the antioxidant capacity the homogenate it was obtained brain rats that it is rich in phospholipids and
suffer peroxidative processes that can be measured by the increment the levels of reactive products with tiobarbituric
acid. Statistical analysis was carried out using the test Anova and Dunnet. Results: The hidroalcoholic extract of the
Spirulina possesses components as the ficocianin and the superoxide dismutase enzyme, capable to scavenger the
O2.-, besides protecting at deoxyribose for its capacity of scavenger OH. and chelate iron, for the presence compound
as carotenes and vitamin E; the capture the H2O2 was not demonstrated. With relations to the antioxidant capacity was
demonstrated that this natural substance is capable to significantly inhibit the peroxidative processes spontaneous and
catalyzed by metals at the concentrations 0.35% and 0.5%. Conclusion: Vitamin E, ficocianin, superoxide dismutase
enzyme, among other, presents in the Spirulina platensis confers great antioxidant activity.
85
FAPRONATURA 2006
P029- EVALUATION OF THE ANTIOEDEMATOGENIC, FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING AND
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF AERIAL PARTS OF Tillandsia streptocarpa (Bromeliaceceae)
Delaporte RHa, Sarragiotto MHb, Takemura OSc, Sánchez GMc, Pérez Davison Gc, Filho BPDd, Nakamura CVd
a
Instituto Superior de Ciências Farmacêuticas e Bioquímica, Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR), Praça
Mascarenhas de Morais, s/n, 87502-210, Umuarama, PR., Brazil. bDepartamento de Química, Universidade Estadual
de Maringá, 87020-900, Maringá, PR,.Brazil. cCenter for Evaluation and Biological Research, Institute of Pharmacy,
Havana University, Havana, Cuba. dDepartamento de Análises Clínicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020900, Maringá, PR, Brazil. Email: [email protected]
Introduction: The crude methanolic extract of the aerial parts of Tillandsia streptocarpa was investigated for their
acute toxicity and antioedematogenic, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Also, the antioedematogenic activity of
the hexane fraction resulting from the partition of the crude methanolic extract was evaluated. Material and methods:
Tillandsia streptocarpa were collected, extracted with methanol and submitted to biological assay. Results: The
methanolic extract and the hexane fraction showed significant (p< 0.05) inhibition of ear oedema observed at 2 and 4
mg/ear in the croton oil-induced mice ear oedema test. In the DPPH free-radical scavenging test, a high reactivity and
potent antioxidant effect (IC50= 0,0056 % w/v) were observed for the methanolic extract. The antimicrobial activity
assay showed that the crude methanolic extract was inactive toward E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis, C.
albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei and C. tropicalis (MIC >500 µg/ml). The methanolic extract showed no toxic effect
at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg. Common side effects including mild diarrhea, loss of weight and depression were not
recorded. The compounds cycloartenol, 2’,5-dihydroxy-5’,7-dimethoxyflavanone and a mixture of the steroids
stigmasterol, β-sitosterol and campesterol were isolated from the hexane fraction and identified by spectroscopic
methods. Conclusions: The present study demonstrate the antioedematogenic and free radical scavenging effects as
well as, the low toxicity of the methanolic extract of the aerial parts of T. streptocarpa, supporting the traditional use of
this plant for treatment of inflammatory processes.
P030- BIOASSAY-GUIDED ISOLATION OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY
COMPOUNDS FROM Pedilanthus tithymaloides
González TLa, Abreu Pb, Matthew Sb, Costa Dc, Segundo Mc and Fernandes Ec
a
Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba; Cuba,
CQFB/REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica,
Portugal; cREQUIMTE, Departamento de Química-Física, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Rua
Anibal Cunha 164, 4090-030, Porto, Portugal. Email: [email protected]
b
Pedilanthus tithymaloids (L.) Poit. (Euphorbiaceae) is a low tropical American shrub with a wide range of healing
properties such as emetic, anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, antiseptic, antihemorrhagic, antiviral, antitumoral, and
abortive.1 In Cuban traditional medicine, a 30% tincture of P. tithymaloides is used as an anti-inflammatory remedy in
the treatment of stomatological affections. Aiming the identification of the active principles responsible for these
medicinal properties, we have previously determined the scavenging effects of the tincture against reactive oxygen
species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), with the following results: HO˙ (IC50 = 345 ± 77 µg/mL); O2˙¯ (IC50
= 143 ± 7 µg/mL); HOCl (IC50 = 113 ± 20 µg/mL); ONOO¯ (IC50 = 44 ± 3 µg/mL); ONOO¯ in the presence of NaHCO3
(IC50 = 82 ± 12 µg/mL); and ˙NO (IC50 = 54 ± 4 µg/mL). The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by the
carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema assay, which showed 83, 94 and 92% inhibition, at doses of 500, 750 and 1000
mg/kg, respectively.2 Following these results, a 70% EtOH extract of stem and leaves of P. tithymaloides was eluted
over a RP-18 column with H2O, H2O/MeOH (1:1), MeOH, and CH2Cl2, and the corresponding fractions tested against
˙
NO, ONOO¯, and ROO˙. The MeOH/H2O (1:1), and the MeOH fractions proved to be the most active, with the
following IC50 values (µg/mL): ˙NO (MeOH/H2O, 11.9 ± 2.2; MeOH, 21.1 ± 8.4); ONOO¯ (MeOH/H2O, 2.5 ± 0.2; MeOH,
16.3 ± 1.1); ONOO¯ in the presence of NaHCO3 (MeOH/H2O, 1.9 ± 0.3; MeOH, 5.6 ± 1.1); ROO˙ (MeOH/H2O, 1157 ±
53; MeOH, 422 ± 39). Using a methodology of bioguided isolation, monitored by TLC autographic assay of 2,2-
86
FAPRONATURA 2006
diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical,3 we have isolated and identified the flavonoids kaempferol 7-O-β-Dglucopyranoside-6´´-(3´´´-hydroxy-3´´´-methylglutarate), quercitrin, isoquercitrin, and the coumarin scopoletin. The
results here presented indicate that these phenolic compounds constitute part of the active principles of the plant
extract responsible for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Acknowledgements: REQUIMTE and Fundação para
a Ciência e Tecnologia (Portugal).
Referentes: 1. Roig, J.T., 1974. Plantas Medicinales e Venenosas de Cuba, ed. Editorial Científico Tecnico, La Habana. 2. Abreu,
P., Matthew, S., González, T. Costa, D., Segundo, M.A., Fernandes, E., 2006. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of a
medicinal tincture from Pedilanthus tithymaloides. Life Sciences 78, 1578–1585. 3. Cuendet, M., Hostettmann, K., Potterat, O.,
1997. Iridoid glucosides with free radical scavenging properties from Fagraea blumei. Helvetica Chimica Acta, 80, 1144-1152.
P031- PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF CAFFEINE ISOLATED FROM Ilex paraguariensis
ON PEROXIDASE SECRETION IN RAT SUBMANDIBULARY GLANDS
Anesini Ca, Turner Sa, Mauele MGa, Ferraro Gac, and Filip Rc
a
IQUIMEFA (UBA- CONICET), cPharmacognosy Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Buenos Aires,
Argentina. Email: [email protected]
Free radicals are involved in diseases such as tumoral, central nervous system alterations, immunological and
inflammatory pathologies. Peroxidase is an oral enzyme implicated in the defense of oral cavity. In previous study the
presence of caffeolyl derivatives and methylxantines such as caffeine in the aqueous extract of the I. paraguariensis
was investigated by HPLC analysis. Caffeine, have been shown to modulate the cAMP pathway through inhibition of
phosphodiesterases. It is known that cAMP is involved in protein secretion. In this study, we propose 1-to investigate
the influence of I. paraguariensis and the commercial product made with it “Yerba mate”, on peroxidase secretion in
female rat submaxilary glands. 2- to isolate and quantify the caffeine present in both extracts. 3- to analyze the effect
of the isolated caffeine on peroxidase secretion. 4- to investigate the mechanism of action evaluating the participation
of cAMP. Peroxidase activity was determined by a spectroscopy method in triplicate; caffeine was isolated and
quantified by Photodiode-Array Detector HPLC. I. paraguariensis and “Yerba mate” significantly increased the activity
of secreted peroxidase, effective medium concentrations (EC50) (µg/ml) (I. paraguariensis: 841 ± 20; Yerba Mate: 148
± 10). Caffeine was quantified in the aqueous extracts, results were expressed as g/100 g of dried plant material: (I.
paraguariensis: 1.06 ± 0.06; “Yerba Mate”: 0.70 ± 0.06). The isolated caffeine increased peroxidase secretion in
concentration-response relationship (EC50) (µg/ml): 238 ± 15). This effect was blunted by imidazole a
phosphodiesterase activator: stimulation index of secreted peroxidase with caffeine 1000 µg/ml: 5 ± 0,3; caffeine +
imidazole (µg/ml): 2 ± 0,15). These results suggest that caffeine exerted an important role in the secretion of
peroxidase induced by the aqueous extracts where cAMP could be is one of the intracellular signals related in the
caffeine action.
P032- MANGIFERIN INTERACTION WITH MITOCHONDRIAL PROTEIN THIOL GROUPS AND
GLUTATHIONE. THERAPEUTIC POTENTIALITIES
Pardo-Andreu GL, Ávila R, Delgado R
Department of Biomedical Investigations. Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry. Havana. Cuba.
We recently shown that mangiferin increased susceptibility of rat liver mitochondria to calcium-induced permeability
transition-MPT (Arch Biochem Biophys 439 (2005) 184–193). We hypothesized that oxidized derivatives of mangiferin,
particularly its quinoids derivatives, could interact with mitochondrial thiol groups eliciting such effect. In this work we
test this hypothesis, using spectrophotometric and chromatographic techniques with isolated mitochondria from rats
liver. We showed that in vitro exposure of mitochondria to mangiferin plus Ca2+ resulted in oxidation of thiol groups, in
the same way that the compound inhibited the Ca2+-induced peroxidation of mitochondrial membrane lipids. The
spectrum of mangiferin during its oxidation by the H2O2/ Horse Radish Peroxidase (HRP) system showed a
characteristic absorption peak at 380 nm, which decreased immediately after reaction was started; two isosbestic
points at around 336 and 412 nm, with a blue shift in the position of the maxima absorption of mangiferin were
observed, suggesting their conversion into one oxidation product. Glutathione abolished this decrease of absorbance,
87
FAPRONATURA 2006
suggesting that the oxidation product of mangiferin forms adducts with GSH. The results obtained by HPLC
(trifluoracetic acid (0.1 %):acetonitrile (88:12 v/v), UV detection and λ = 275 nm) confirm the spectrophotometric
assays. A new signal at 8 min of retention time was obtained after the oxidation process of mangiferin in the presence
of GSH, which confirms the formation of the adduct between the oxidation products of mangiferin and GSH. We
propose that Ca2+ increases levels of mitochondria-generated ROS, which reacts with mangiferin producing quinoid
derivatives, which in turn react with the most accessible mitochondrial thiol groups, thus triggering MPT. It seems
probable that the free radical scavenging activity of mangiferin shifts its anti-oxidant protection to the thiol arylation. An
interesting proposition is that accumulation of mangiferin quinoid products would take place in cells exposed to an
overproduction of ROS, such as cancer cells, where the occurrence of MPT-mediated apoptosis may be a cellular
defence mechanism against excessive ROS formation.
P033- MANGIFERIN-FE(III) COMPLEX: CHEMICAL EVIDENCE, SUPEROXIDE SCAVENGING
ACTIVITY AND CYTOPROTECTION
Pardo-Andreu GL1, Sánchez-Baldoquín C1, Ávila-González1, Delgado R1, Naal Z2, Curti C2
1
Departamento de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Centro de Química Farmacéutica, Calle 200, Esq. 21, Playa, Ciudad
de La Habana, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected]. 2Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências
Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
Iron-induced oxidative stress has been implicated in several pathological processes like ß-thalassemia, Friedreich’s
ataxia and hemochromatosis. In the present work we provided evidence for the formation of a mangiferin:Fe(III)
complex (2:1), by means of either iron-induced changes in the UV/Vis spectrum of mangiferin or reduction of the
anodic current peak in the voltammogram of that compound; we demonstrated, in addition, that the ferric complex is
more effective than mangiferin itself in scavenging superoxide radicals generated by the pyrogallol autoxidation, as
well as in protecting hepatocytes from reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced injury.
Moreover, we found that mangiferin:Fe(III) complex reacts more readily with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)/H2O2 than
does mangiferin alone. We postulate that mangiferin would afford protection against iron/ROS-mediated pathological
processes by means of both iron chelating and/or iron-stimulated superoxide radical scavenging activity.
P034- EFFECT OF BIOFLAVONOID LESPEFLAN ON XANTHINE OXIDASE ACTIVITY IN
MERCURY CHLORIDE TOXICITY
Nikolic J, Kocic G, Jevtovic-Stojmenov T
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Nis, Serbia and Montenegro.
Free radical production and oxidative stress is one of mechanisms of tissue damage in heavy metal toxicity. Xanthine
oxidase is an enzyme involved in catabolism of purine bases, adenine and guanine. Enzyme exists in two
interconvertible forms, as xanthine oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenate. Higher level of xanthine oxidase activity
toward xanthine dehydrogenase increases production of free radicals and lipid peroxidation level. Because of
increased literature information on benefits of medical plants in health prevention the aim of the study was evaluation
of the role of bioflavonoid lespeflan on xanthine oxidase activity in the mechanisms of toxicity of mercury chloride.
Ration xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase activity is inportant mrchanism in free radical production and tissue
damage. We have study xanthine oxidase activity, free radical production and possible effects of bioflavonoid
lespeflan in mercury chloride neurotoxicity. In the experiment we used male Spraque Dawley rats weighing about 250g
dividing into four groups: 1. control, 2- treated with mercury chloride; 3- rats treated with lespeflan and 4- animals
treated with lespeflan one our before mercury chloride administration. Brain tissue homogenates were used for
biochemical analysis. Results of the study show increased activity of xanthine oxidase and lipid peroxidation level in
brain homogenate 24 hours after mercury chloride administration (p<0.05). Pretreatment of animals by bioflavonoid
lespeflan significantly decreases enzyme activity, as well as lipid peroxidation level compared to control group.
Obtained results indicate that increase of xanthine oxidase activity and free radical production may be a mechanism in
mercury chloride toxicity. Bioflavonoid lespeflan decreases xanthine oxidase activity and lipid preroxidation level.
88
FAPRONATURA 2006
P035- ACUTE TOXICITY, HYPOGLUCEMIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF Allophylus
cominia (L) SW
Rodríguez CCa, Martínez Gb, Canell Ya, Safonts La
a
Laboratorios Biológicos Farmacéuticos LABIOFAM. Ave Independencia Km 16½ Santiago de las Vegas. C. Habana.
Centro de Estudios para las Investigaciones y Evaluaciones Biológicas, CEIEB. Ave. 23 # 21425 e/ 214 y 222, La
Coronela, La Lisa. C.P. 13600, Ciudad de la Habana, Cuba. Email: [email protected]
b
Allophylus cominia (L) Sw, (palo de caja), has been used in Cuba as a folk medicine for treatment of diabetes.
However, there is no information available on the pharmacological and toxicological actions of this plant. The oral
acute toxicity, the hypoglucemic and antioxidant effect of two extracts (ethanolic and aqueous) of A. cominia was
study. Acute oral toxicity assay was carried out according to Guideline 423 of OECD in adult Wistar rats at doses of
2000 mg/kg. Diabetes was induced in adult male Wistar rats after administration of streptozotocin (STZ) (50mg/kg
b.w., i.p, tail vein). Diabetes rats were classified into three groups of nine animals each one. Destilled water, ethanolic
extract and aqueous extract were orally administrated to animals groups by seven consecutive days. The antioxidant
activity of the extracts, was assayed by three methods: the ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP), 1,1´-diphenyl2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and total antioxidant capacity assays. Oral administration of A. cominia extracts (2000
mg/kg) did not result in lethality, behavioral changes, and macroscopical histological alterations. In addition no
retarded (14 days) toxic signs were observed. Administration of aqueous and ethanolic extracts (50 mg/kg) of A.
cominia significantly lowered (p<0.05) the blood glucose in STZ induced diabetes rats. A. cominia extracts acts as a
potent free radicals scavenger in the DPPH assay and prevent the oxidation induced by Fe2+ (FRAP assay).
Additionally, both extracts decreased the lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenate. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of
A. cominia was innocuous when administrated by oral way in rats and exhibited hypoglucemic effect and antioxidant
activity in vitro.
P036- ANTIOXIDANT PROTECTION OF Musa paradisiaca EXTRACT (Acitan®) IN GASTRIC
MUCOSAL INJURY INDUCED BY INDOMETHACIN IN RATS
Pérez MRa, Guevara Ia, López Yb, Martínez Gb, Merino Nc, Álvarez Db, León OSb
a
LABIOFAM, Ave Independencia Km 16½ Santiago de las Vegas, Ciudad de la Habana, Cuba. bCentro de Estudios
para las Investigaciones y las Evaluaciones Biológicas, IFAL, Universidad de La Habana, Ave 23 No 21425 e/ 214 y
222, Lisa, C. Habana, Cuba. cCentro de Química Farmacéutica, 200 y 21Cuba, Atabey, Playa, C. Habana, Cuba. Email: [email protected]
Reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation play an important rol in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal injury
induced by indomethacin. The decreases glutathione peroxidase activity aggravates the injury due to accelerated
accumulation of H2O2 and lipid peroxides in the gastric mucosal cell. In the present study, we investigated the effect of
Acitan®, a natural product obtained from Musa paradisiaca stem, with antioxidant properties, on indomethacin induced
gastric mucosal injury in rats. Gastric haemorrhagic damage was induced by oral administration of indomethacin (50
mg/kg). Animals were divided into five groups consisting of ten animals/group (vehicle control, cimetidine as positive
control, and Acitan® 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg respectively. The treatment carriet out during one week twice a day p.o
before indomethacin administration. Five hours after indomethacin treatment the rats were killed under ether
anesthesia, the stomach was removed and opened along the greater curvature. A sample of stomach was analyzed
histopathologicaly, and additional sample was homogenized. The homogenate was centrifuged and supernatant was
used for enzyme analysis (catalasa, superoxide dismutase, phospholipase A2, myeloperoxidase, glutathione and
malondialdehyde). Gastric injury was significantly increased after 5 hours of indomethacin administration. Pretreatment with Acitan® (75, 150, 300 mg/kg) stimulated superoxide dismutase, catalase activity and glutathione levels
(p<0.05) compared to control group. Acitan® inhibed neutrophilic infiltration, phospholipase A2 activity in comparison
to control group (p<0.05). The increase in lipid peroxidation induced by indomethacin was inhibited by Acitan®.
Biochemical findings are in agreement with histological results. These results provide evidence that Acitan® has a
protective effect on mucosal gastric injury probably due to its antioxidant activity.
89
FAPRONATURA 2006
P037- LOCAL MEDITERRANEAN FOOD AS A SOURCE OF NOVEL ANTI-OXIDANTS
Nebel S1, Leonti M1,2, Nilsson H1 & Heinrich M1
1
Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29-39 Brunswick Sq.
London WC1N 1AX. 2Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università di Cagliari, Italy.
There are still many rural regions and communities in Southern Europe, which follow traditional life styles. Food is an
example exemplifying local knowledge and the use of local food species potentially has considerable health benefits.
The Mediterranean traditional food knowledge has sometimes been described as a diet mainly composed by pasta,
olive oil, vegetables, fruits, red wine, sea-foods and only few red meats. A hitherto little studied aspect are locally
collected wild greens. This project focused specifically on new sources for natural and nutritional antioxidants and
included a primary screening of wild food plants collected in Southern Italy, South Eastern Spain and Greece. Here we
only focus on the plants collected in the Graecanic (Greek speaking) community of Gallicanó in Southern Italy (1,2).
An antioxidant assay [measurement of free radical scavenging activity (FRSA) in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil
radical (DPPH) assay] and the inhibition of the xanthine oxidase were used together with a large number of other
assays (conducted by other members of the 'Local Food-Nutraceuticals Consortium’) as a panel of primary screening
assays in order to selected species with the highest in vitro activity. Reichardia picroides Roth (Asteraceae) collected
both from Gallicanó and on Crete (Greece) showed the highest overall activity score of the species from this regions;
Papaver rhoeas L. (Papaveraceae), a species also collected in other regions of Italy and in Greece was another
species which showed noteworthy activity (3). The chemical composition of Reseda alba is practically unknown. Only
one compound, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propyl-glucosinolate, had previously been isolated (4). In the primary screen it
showed noteworthy activity in the measurement of lipid peroxidation in mouse brain tissue (MDA, 3). The dried plant
material (890 g dried young leaves) ground and extracted with dichloromethane and methanol (cold percolation)
yielded in 18 g dichloromethane extract and 225 g methanol extract respectively. Flavonoid-type compounds were
isolated using preparative thin layer chromatography (PTLC) and the purity of the samples was verified with TLC and
1
H NMR. The structure was elucidated using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Mass Spectrometry (MS). From
the methanol extract five flavonoid glycosides were isolated. One of the isolated flavonoid was identified as
kaempferol-3,7-O-α-L-dirhamnoside. Acknowledgements: We gratefully acknowledge the input of all members of the
consortium 'Local Food-Nutraceuticals' co-ordinated by MH (see http://www.biozentrum.uni-frankfurt.de/Pharmakologie/EUWeb/index.html) and funding by the EU (QLRT-2001-00173; 2002 – 2004).
References: 1. Nebel S. (2005) Ta chòrta: Piante commestibili tradizionali di Gallicianò. London: University of London, School of
Pharmacy. 61 pp. 2. Heinrich M, Leonti M, Nebel S, Peschel W. (2005). J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 56 (S): 5-22. 3. The Local FoodNutraceuticals Consortium (2005) Pharmacol. Res. 52: 353-66. 4. Gmelin R Kjaer A. (1970) Phytochemistry 9: 599-600.
P038- RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES AND THE PHENOLIC
AND FLAVONOID CONTENT IN TRADITIONAL BALSAMIC VINEGAR
Verzelloni E1, Tagliazucchi D2, Panicucci E3, Conte A2
Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. 2Department of Agricultural
Sciences, University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Kennedy 17, Reggio Emilia, Italy. 3Department of Experimental
Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. E-mail: [email protected]
1
Phenolics are broadly distributed in the plant kingdom and are the most abundant secondary metabolites found in
plants. Plant phenolics present in fruits and vegetables and particularly those in green tea and red wine have received
considerable attention for their antioxidant activity and potential health benefits [1]. The antioxidant properties of
traditional balsamic vinegar as regards its phenolic and flavonoid content comparing to selected vinegars and red
wines have been investigated. The polyphenols were separated from interfering compounds utilizing C18 columns.
The interfering compounds were collected in water, whereas the polyphenols were collected in the methanolic
fractions with a recovery over than 90%. The polyphenolic content was determined on the methanolic fractions utilizing
both Folin-Ciocalteu and peroxidase assays [2]. The antioxidant capacity was quantified using both ABTS and FRAP
assays [3]. The results show that traditional balsamic vinegar has lower antioxidant activity and phenolic and flavonoid
content than Nero d’Avola but higher than the other tested products. The antioxidant capacity of wines and vinegars is
90
FAPRONATURA 2006
highly correlated with their phenolic content, measured by peroxidase assay. The antioxidant capacity of red wines
and red wine vinegar is also highly correlated with their flavonoid content while in traditional balsamic vinegar and
balsamic vinegar this correlation diminishes suggesting that other compounds (such as phenolics different from
flavonoids and Maillard reaction products) contribute to the antioxidant properties of these vinegars. The results
suggest that traditional balsamic vinegar which is rich in phenolic antioxidants, is a seasoning that can contribute,
along with vegetables and wine, to increase the total amount of antioxidants ingested during a meal. The study
describes a simple and fast method of separating from other compounds and of measuring polyphenols in the analysis
of red wines and vinegars with complex composition such as traditional balsamic vinegar.
References: 1. Croft KD. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 854, 435, 1998. 2. Stevanato R., Fabris S. and Momo F. J. Agric. Food Chem. 52,
6287, 2004. 3. Prior R.L., Wu X. and Schaich K. J. Agric. Food Chem. 53, 4290, 2005.
P039- THE PREVENTIVE EFFECT OF ACETOVANILLONE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF
BORDERLINE AND SPONTANEOUS HYPERTENSION
Jendeková L, Kojsová S, Pechánová O
Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic, Email:
[email protected]
Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the preventive effect of acetovanillone (4 - hydroxy - 3 –
methoxyacetophenone, apocynin), recognized as a specific inhibitor of NADPH oxidase, on the blood pressure (BP)
development in borderline hypertensive rats (BHR) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) in comparison with
normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats. Methods: Young 6-week-old male BHR (offspring of SHR dams and Wistar Kyoto
sires) and SHR were treated with apocynin in the dose of 30 mg/kg/day for six weeks. Systolic BP was measured by
tail-cuff plethysmography. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity was determined by measuring the formation of L-[3H]
citrulline from L-[3H] arginine in the aorta, left ventricle, kidney and cerebellum. Concentration of conjugated dienes
(CD) and expression of nuclear factor NF-kappa B, markers of reactive oxygen species, were detected in the left
ventricle, kidney and cerebellum. Concentration of cGMP was determined in the same tissues. Results: Systolic BP of
WKY, BHR and SHR was 119±2, 144±3 and 189±2 mmHg, respectively, at the end of experiment. NOS activity was
increased in the aorta, left ventricle and kidney of both hypertensive groups, while it was decreased in the cerebellum
comparing to the normotensive WKY. Apocynin (A) significantly decreased BP rise in both hypertensive groups
(131±2 mmHg in BHR+A and 144±2 mmHg in SHR+A) and lowered CD concentration and expression of NF-kappa B
in the tissues investigated. Despite it failed to influence NOS activity, it was able to increase cGMP concentration with
more pronounced effect in SHR. Conclusion: Yet, apocynin without effecting NOS activity decreased concentration of
reactive oxygen species leading to the increased concentration of cGMP with preventing effect on the blood pressure
rise in both borderline and spontaneously hypertensive rats. Supported by VEGA 2/6148/26 and APVV-51-018004.
P040- VASORELAXATION RESPONSES INDUCED BY RED WINE POLYPHENOLS: THE
ROLE OF NITRIC OXIDE
Pechánová Oa, Zenebe Wa, Andriantsitohaina Rb.
a
Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic,
Université Louis Pasteur de Strasbourg, UMR CNRS 7034, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France.
b
Introduction: It was hypothesized that the cardioprotective effect of natural polyphenols results from their ability to
protect low-density lipoprotein from oxidation, to prevent platelet aggregation and leukocyte adhesion, and to promote
relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of vasorelaxant
responses induced by red wine polyphenolic compounds (Provinols™). Method: Rings of rat femoral artery with or
without functional endothelium were set up in a myograph for isometric recording and precontracted with
phenylephrine (10-5 M). Results: Provinols™ in cumulative doses (10-9 to 10-3 mg/ml) elicited endothelium- and dosedependent relaxation of the artery with maximal relaxation of 56% at the concentration of 10-5 mg/ml. The relaxant
responses to Provinols™ correlated well with the increase of NO synthase activity in the vascular tissue after
administration of cumulative doses of Provinols™ (10-9 to 10-3 mg/ml). NG-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME, 3x10-
91
FAPRONATURA 2006
4
M) significantly attenuated the endothelium-dependent relaxation produced by Provinols™. Administration of Larginine (3x10-5 M) restored the relaxation inhibited by L-NAME. The relaxant responses of Provinols™ were
abolished in the presence of Ca2+-entry blocker, verapamil (10-6 M). Administration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
abolished acetylcholine (10-5 M)-induced relaxation of the rat femoral artery, while administration of Provinols™ (10-5
mg/ml) together with H2O2 helped to maintain the acetylcholine-induced relaxation. Provinols™ only partially affected
the concentration-response curve for the NO donor sodium nitroprusside-induced relaxation in rings without
endothelium. In conclusion, Provinols™ elicited endothelium-dependent relaxation of rat femoral artery by the Ca2+induced increase of NO synthase activity and by protecting NO from degradation. Supported by VEGA 2/6148/26,
1/3429/06 and APVV-51-018004.
P041- LYCOPENE PROTECTS AGAINST BURN-INDUCED OXIDATIVE SKIN INJURY IN
RATS
Şener G1, Tavşu F2, Çetinel Ş3, Yeğen BÇ2
Marmara University, 1School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and School of Medicine, Departments of
2
Physiology and 3Histology & Embryology, Istanbul, Turkey.
There is extensive evidence that oxidative stress has an important role in the pathogenesis of burn injury. In the
present study, we investigated whether lycopene, the predominant carotenoid in tomatoes, is protective against burninduced injury of the skin. Under brief ether anesthesia, shaved dorsum of the rats was exposed to 90º C (burn group)
or 25º C (control group) water bath for 10 s. Burned rats were treated intraperitoneally with either saline or lycopene
(Mikrogen Pharmaceuticals; 4 mg/kg/day) until they were decapitated at 24 h or 3 days after burn injury. In another
group of burned rats, treatments have started 10 days before the burn injury and continued after the burn for 24 h or 3
days. Skin samples were examined microscopically and analyzed for the determination of malondialdehyde (MDA; an
index of lipid peroxidation) and glutathione (GSH; a key antioxidant) levels. Severe burn caused a significant increase
in dermal MDA level and a decrease in skin GSH level at 24 h and 3 days after burn injury (p<0.01-0.001). On the
other hand, lycopene treatment reversed thermal trauma-induced biochemical (p<0.05-0.01), as well as
histopathological alterations, observed in both the early and later periods of burn injury. Findings of the present study
suggest that lycopene may alleviate some of the deleterious effects of oxidative burn injury, and thus, it can be
regarded as a new treatment modality in burn-related inflammatory processes.
P042- ANTIOXIDANT EFFECT OF LIGMED-A ON HUMANE ERITHROCYTES in vitro
García L1, Abajo C2, del Campo J2, Mitjans M2, Marrero E1 y Vinardell M P2
1
Grupo Química-Farmacología, Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria, San José de las Lajas, La Habana, Cuba,
Dept. Fisiologia-División IV, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Barcelona, España.
2
Ligmed-A is prepared from sugarcane and is commercially available in as an anti-diarrhoeal drug. This compound,
which is composed of about 90% lignin, an insoluble polyphenolic constituent of plants and a component of dietary
fibre, has been manufactured in Cuba since the 1990s. It shows a similar efficacy to other drugs used to treat
diarrhoea and is effective 2 or 4 days after administration. We investigated the antioxidant activity of an aqueous
solution of Ligmed-A by studying its protective effect on the hemolysis induced by an initiator of radicals such as 2, 2’Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH ). The antioxidant capacity was expressed as the IC50
(concentration inducing 50% of inhibition of hemolysis induced by AAPH). Ligmed-A was very active as antioxidant
with a IC50 of 106,63 µg/ml. This property of Ligmed-A increase its benefits on animal health.
92
FAPRONATURA 2006
P043- CUANTIFICACIÓN DE LA ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE DE Coussapoa asperifolia
magnifolia (TRÉCUL) AKKERMANS & C.C. BERG (CECROPIACEAE) Y Brosimum
parinarioides DUCKE (MORACEAE)
Gonçalves RT, Lima RD, Abreu ACA, Jeffreys MF, Pereira Jr. OL, Nunez CV
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2976, Aleixo, Manaus, AM, 69060-001. Email:
[email protected]
Realizando un estudio sistemático de plantas de la flora amazónica, fueron colectadas las hojas y los frutos de
Coussapoa asperifolia magnifolia (Trécul) Akkermans & C.C. Berg (Cecropiaceae) y las hojas de Brosimum
parinarioides Ducke (Moraceae). Los materiales fueron secos en temperatura ambiente o liofilizados y extraídos con
diclorometano, metanol y agua. Cada material fue extraído 3 veces con cada solvente y utilizando ultra-son por 20
minutos. Las análisis antioxidantes fueron hechas comparando el porcentaje de inhibición de los extractos frente a
DPPH y ABTS, y comparadas con la inhibición del ácido ascórbico. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que los
extractos de Coussapoa asperifolia magnifolia son extremamente activos cuando analizados por DPPH y ABTS
(valores entre 63,07 y 98,74 %, para concentraciones de 35 µg/mL). Ya el extracto diclorometánico de las hojas de
Brosimum parinarioides es poco activo (valores entre 9,15 y 14,58 %) mientras que el extracto metanólico es bastante
más activo (valores entre 42,38 al 91,51%), siendo estos datos de los dos tipos de ensayos - DPPH y ABTS, con
concentraciones de 35 µg/mL. Todos estos análisis fueron comparados con la capacidad de inhibición del ácido
ascórbico que presentó valores del orden de 99 al 100% para las concentraciones de 5 µg/mL. Por estos resultados,
percibimos el enorme potencial antioxidante de las plantas estudiadas, una vez que fueron los extractos brutos
testados que presentaron porcentajes de inhibición comparables al del ácido ascórbico. Algunos de los extractos
testados fueron analizados por RMN y los espectros de los extractos más activos presentan señales de sustancias
aromáticas, posiblemente flavonóides. Hasta el momento no fue posible aislar las sustancias responsables por la
actividad observada. Agradecimientos: FAPEAM, CNPq, MCT-PPBio, al técnico Ananias Soares da Silva
P044- MECANISMO DE LA ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE Y ANTIATEROGÉNICA DE
MONOTERPENOS AROMÁTICOS: CARVACROL, TIMOL Y DERIVADOS HEMISINTÉTICOS
Montoya G1,2, Londoño J1,2, Osorio E1, Jaramillo C1, Yassin L3, Aarango G1*
1
Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Química Farmacéutica. 2Grupo de Inmunomodulación,
Facultad de Medicina. 3Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Facultad de Medicina. Sede de
Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
*E-mail: [email protected]
Varios estudios sobre la actividad antioxidante de aceites esenciales han reportado que el orégano, rico en timol y
carvacrol, tiene un considerable efecto antioxidante. Además del orégano (Origanum vulgare L.), en otras plantas
(Saturejae hortensis L., Saturejae montana L., Saturejae spicigera, Saturejae odora L., Saturejae parvifolia L.) los
isómeros timol (5-metil-2-isopropilfenol) y carvacrol (5-isopropil-2-metilfenol) son los principales componentes. En
general en las plantas de la familia Lamniaceae, el timol se encuentra siempre acompañado de su isómero carvacrol,
ambos compuestos son biológicamente activos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue contribuir a la elucidación del
mecanismo mediante el cual los isómeros timol, carvacrol y algunos derivados hemisintéticos pueden inhibir la
peroxidación lipídica, proteger la Lipoproteína de Baja Densidad (LDL) del daño oxidativo y modular la respuesta
inmune. La actividad antioxidante de los isómeros timol, carvacrol y la de sus derivados hemisintéticos fue comparada
con el antioxidante sintético BHT (Hidroxitolueno Butilado), el cual presenta una similitud estructural con los
compuestos evaluados. Se midió el comportamiento cinético frente al radical libre DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl), y la protección de la LDL frente a peroxidación lipídica fue estimada por la disminución en la
producción de Especies Reactivas del Ácido Tiobarbiturico (TBARS) y los cambios en la movilidad electroforética de
la Apolipoproteína B. Adicionalmente se determinó por citometría de flujo la captación de LDL oxidada en macrófagos
(PMN de sangre periférica) tratados con los compuestos. La citotoxicidad fue evaluada por el micrométodo enzimático
MTT.
93
FAPRONATURA 2006
P045- CONTROL OF BIODERIORATION USING A FRACTION ISOLATED FROM LEAFS OF
Ricinus commmunis Linn
de la Paz J1, Larionova M2, Maceira MA2, Borrego SF1, Echevarría E1
1
Laboratorio de Conservación Preventiva. Archivo Nacional de la República de Cuba (ARNAC) CITMA. Compostela
Nº 906, Esquina San Isidro, Habana Vieja, CP 10100, Ciudad de La Habana. Cuba. 2Instituto Superior de Medicina
Militar “Dr. Luís Díaz Soto”. Ave. Monumental y Carretera del Asilo. La Habana del Este. CP 11700. Ciudad de La
Habana. Cuba. Email: [email protected], [email protected]
In archives, especially in those that are located in tropical weather, biodeterioration causes increasing damages every
year to founds, which leads occasionally to the irreversible lost of documental heritage that is treasured in it. The
different controlling methods are often chemicals, that have limitations due their costs and to the negative impact they
can cause on the environment and on the substrate that receives it. In virtue of this situation, search of alternatives as
the rational use of natural products that come from plants has been done. That is why the purpose of this work was to
evaluate the effect of a isolated fraction from Ricinus communis Linn on isolated bacteria from indoor environments of
archives as well as in the control of rodents. The evaluated fraction (FRC2A) was obtained using acetyl acetate
extraction from an aqueous extract of leafs of R. communis. The raticide effect was determinate by the Media Lethal
Dose (LD50) oral way in 70 hybrids B6D2F1 while the bactericide effect was evaluated by the growth inhibiting method
by diffusion of the product on agar holes, using strains of Enterobacter agglomerans, Bacillus polimixa and
Streptomyces sp for this essay. The calculated LD50 was 388.08 mg/kg and the concentrations that showed
antimicrobial activity were 50 mg/mL. The obtained effects could be related with the presence of ricinine and different
flavonoids in the evaluated fraction.
P046- RATIONAL USE OF NATURAL PRODUCTS OF VEGETABLE ORIGIN IN THE
CONTROL OF BIODETERIORATION
Guiamet P1,3, Gómez de Saravia S1,4, Arenas P2,3, Battistoni P1,3 y Pérez ML2, de la Paz J5, Borrego S5
1
Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de
Ciencias Exactas, UNLP-CONICET. C.C. 16, Suc.4, (1900) La Plata, Argentina. 2Laboratorio de Etnobotánica y
Botánica Aplicada (LEBA), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, UNLP. 3CONICET. 4CICBA. 5Laboratorio de
Conservación Preventiva. Archivo Nacional de la República de Cuba (ARNAC), CITMA. Compostela 906, Esquina
San Isidro. CP 10100, Habana Vieja, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba.
Email: [email protected], [email protected]
It is known as biodeterioration the physical and chemicals alterations that occur on a surface as result of the biological
activity that happens on it. Microorganisms communities related with biodeterioration can grow as biofilms that adhere
to the surfaces of the substrates, this affects not only aesthetically but also causes an irreversible damage to the
substrate due its degradation, and so it leads to economical lost of different magnitude. The treatments used to control
the problems related with biodeterioration and biofouling in materials of heritage interest, are based on avoid or to
minimize the formation of biofilms. The biocides used for this purpose are generally chemical products, that usually are
toxic, lots of them are very difficult to degrade and persistent in the environment. There is an increasing interest to
regulate the indiscriminate use of toxic chemical compounds. The natural products with biocide activity, obtained from
vegetable species, are an alternative source, very use full in the control of biodeterioration, and they don’t cause a
negative impact on the environment. The objective of this work was to evaluate antimicrobial activity of aqueous,
acetonic and ethanolic extracts of Cichorium intybus, Allium sativum, Pinus caribea, Eucalipto citriodora and Piper
auritum on different microoorganisms that are related with biodeterioration. The effectiveness values of the different
concentrations of the used extracts were estimated by MIC (Minimum Inhibiting Concentration) and by inhibition of the
microbial growth by diffusion of the product on agar holes. The results of the different obtained extracts are presented,
analyzed and discussed as well as the potential values of this natural product in the control and prevention of
biodeterioration.
94
FAPRONATURA 2006
P047- NATURAL AND TRADITIONAL MEDICINE IN THE MODERN SYSTEM OF PUBLIC
HEALTH. BIOETICS ASPECTS
Del Toro G, Trapero YM
Departamento de Biofísica, Centro de Biofísica Médica, Universidad de Oriente; Patricio Lumumba s/n, 90500,
Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. Emails: [email protected], [email protected]
Until very recently, non-scientific medical practices, like Natural Traditional Medicine, had been rejected in the
institutionalized systems of public health in contemporary societies. Science and Modern Technology advancement
became intolerant with respect to the non-conventional knowledge. Medical Ethics associated to modern public health
systems, demanded the observance of the scientific nature. However, lately, the tendency to incorporate those
practices to health systems has been accentuated, which raises challenges for the medical ethics and the bioethics,
incapable of being put off. A bibliographical study is presented that summarizes some of the stages in the
incorporation of the natural traditional medicine to the daily medical practice, as well as bioethics aspects. The
modernization of the public health negatively influenced the traditional medicine, although unquestionably it also
promoted the study and use of therapeutic methods based on scientific knowledge and in the latest medical
technologies. In Cuba, the marginalization of traditional medicines changed the national plan of investigations to
validate species of medicinal plants and their uses emerged, as well as the development of herbal medicines. Doors
have opened to traditional and non-conventional medicine. The bioethical approach of its incorporation to the modern
public health system requires considering the beneficence, non-maleficence, justice and autonomy. A traditional drug
may report a benefit, but it could also cause short, medium or long term damage. The costs of the investigation and
use of traditional drugs need to be considered as sometimes it is very expensive to find out and extract the plant’s
active pharmacological principle. Stimulating the study and use of natural traditional medicine is fair since it extends
the possibilities of treatment at a massive level. This would even demand an active and public participation in the
health care, allowing a better articulation between the professional and popular culture.
P048- EFFICACY OF GARLIC CAPSULES IN THE STABLE CHEST ANGINA
Aguila M, Pérez I, Hernández A, Rodríguez A, Batista J, Acosta N
"Carlos J. Finlay" Medical University of Camagüey.Carretera Central Oeste s/n Apdo 144. Camagüey. Cuba
An open clinical trial phase II was carried out, with the objective to evaluate the efficacy of the capsules of garlic
(Allium sativum) in the Angina of Stable Chest in the service of Cardiology of the Surgical Clinical Educational
Provincial Hospital "Manuel Ascunce Domenech" of Camagüey from September 2004 to February 2005. The sample
remained conformed by 20 patients, 14 of the male sex and 6 of the female one, that after offering their consent
reported in writing and to comply the criteria of inclusion were treated with capsules of garlic of 500 mg each 8 hours
during 2 months independently of the processing of base that received, being found the Arterial Hypertension and
Hypercholesterolemia as the most frequent associated illnesses. It was evaluated each 15 days the frequency of the
pain, the apparition or not of adverse reactions and the arterial tension and a test was carried out ergometric before
and after the processing. The 80% of the patients were maintained asymptomatic from the 30 days of the treatment
and was observed in the ergometric evolutionary test a significant reduction of double product (p <0,001) and a
significant increase p<0,05 of the average of w they reached, which express train an improvement in the functional
capacity of the same. The arterial tension diminished to the 15 days not of significant form and yes to the 30 days
(p<0,001) which was maintained until finalizing the study. All the data were processed by methods computerized and
the results are shown in boards and graphic.
95
FAPRONATURA 2006
P049- CYTOTOXIC FLAVONOIDS FROM THE BARK OF Lonchocarpus haberi FROM
Vogler B, Cholewa L, Schmidt J, Setzer W
Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville. Huntsville, Alabama 35899, U.S.A.
Introduction: The crude acetone bark extract of Lonchocarpus haberi (Fabaceae, Papilionoideae) showed in-vitro
cytotoxic activity against Hep G2, PC-3, and Hs578T human tumor cell lines. Materials and Methods: The crude
extract was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatographic–nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic (LCNMR) methods, which indicated it to be composed largely of flavonoids. The cytotoxic flavonoids were isolated by
preparative HPLC and the structures determined by NMR techniques. Results: Four cytotoxic flavonoids were
isolated and identified. Conclusions: A mixture of cytotoxic flavonoids account for the biological activity of L. haberi
crude bark extract.
P050- ESTUDIO DE FUENTES NATURALES COMO POTENCIALES ACLARADORES DE
PIEL EN UN MODELO ENZIMÁTICO DE INHIBICIÓN DE TIROSINASA, CORRELACIÓN
ENTRE LA ACTIVIDAD, EL CONTENIDO DE COMPUESTOS FENÓLICOS Y LA
CITOTOXICIDAD
Muñoz K1, Sierra J1, Londoño J2, Arango G1, Arenas J1, Mira L1, Ochoa J1
1
Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas –GISB- Corporación Académica para el Estudio y Control de
Patologías Tropicales CAEPT, Facultad de Química Farmacéutica. 2Grupo de Inmunodeficiencias Primarias,
Corporación Biogénesis. Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia. Email: [email protected]
El problema del tono cutáneo irregular se relaciona desde el punto de vista bioquímico, con el proceso de
pigmentación que está dado por la producción de melanina en el estrato basal de la epidermis. A este nivel se da el
metabolismo y las reacciones bioquímicas necesarias para la síntesis a partir de oxidaciones catalizadas por el
enzima tirosinasa, para producir los precursores de melanina in-vivo. En el presente trabajo se evaluó el potencial
inhibidor de la síntesis de melanina de diversas fuentes naturales en un modelo enzimático in vitro, se correlacionó
esta actividad con el contenido de polifenoles totales, compuestos que se relacionan con la actividad antitirosinásica y
se midió la citotoxicidad de estas fuentes con el fin de ser usadas en estudios de formulaciones cosméticas de uso
tópico. Con el objetivo de hacer un análisis comparativo en cuanto a la variación del contenido de polifenoles totales,
de la actividad antitirosinásica y la citotoxicidad, se evaluaron tres metodologías diferentes de extracción en dos
especies activas. La actividad antitirosinásica se determinó calculando las velocidades de reacción del sistema
enzimático con y sin extractos, se utilizó tirosinasa de hongo (Sigma, 3400U/mg) con tirosina (Sigma, 98%) como
sustrato. El contenido total de compuestos fenólicos se evaluó mediante el método de Folin-ciocalteau obteniendo
los respectivos valores de GAE (equivalentes de ácido gálico) y la citotoxicidad fue medida usando el micrométodo
enzimático del MTT en la línea de fibroblastos de ratón L929.
Se pudo observar que existen diferencias
estadísticamente significativas entre el contenido de compuestos fenólicos y el grado de toxicidad según el método de
extracción, sin modificar sustancialmente la actividad sobre el enzima.
96
FAPRONATURA 2006
P051- BÚSQUEDA RACIONAL DE INHIBIDORES DE LA ENZIMA TRANSPORTADORA DE
ESTERES DE COLESTERILO (CETP) COMO POTENCIALES ANTIATEROGÉNICOS QUE
MODIFIQUEN EL PERFIL HDL/LDL
Londoño J1,2, Arango G1, Ramírez R2
1
Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Química Farmacéutica. 2Grupo de Inmunomodulación,
Facultad de Medicina. Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. Email: [email protected]
La homeostasis del colesterol se mantiene gracias a una ruta específica multipasos (Transporte Reverso) cuya acción
resulta en un movimiento neto de colesterol desde los tejidos periféricos, vía compartimiento plasmático, hacia el
hígado para su eventual excreción. Entre los actores claves involucrados en esta vía se encuentra la CETP
(Cholesterol Ester Transfer Protein), la cual juega un rol fundamental en la transferencia de ésteres de colesterilo
desde HDL hacía lipoproteínas pro-aterogénicas cómo VLDL, IDL y LDL, siendo evidente que la inhibición de la
actividad de CETP es esencial para aumentar los niveles de HDL a expensas de reducir el contenido de ésteres de
colesterilo en VLDL, IDL y LDL. Desafortunadamente la farmacoterapia disponible no logra aumentos considerables
de HDL, siendo imperante la búsqueda de agentes mejor tolerados y con mayor actividad; indudablemente el
despliegue de investigación en los últimos años ha demostrado que los inhibidores de la CETP son uno de ellos.
Gracias al conocimiento reciente de la proteína se ha podido plantear la hipótesis de que un agente alquilante,
específico para grupos sulfhidrilo, voluminoso, fuertemente hidrofóbico, e idealmente competitivo del sustrato natural
podría ser un buen candidato para inhibirla. Basados en esta hipótesis se evaluó la capacidad de análogos
estructurales del colesterol obtenidos de fuentes naturales, moléculas de uso comercial y derivados hemisintéticos
con los requerimientos estructurales mencionados para inhibir la transferencia de un marcador fluorescente de lípidos
neutros desde una partícula donadora (HDL) hacia otra receptora (LDL) mediado por una fuente de CETP (suero de
conejo); un aumento en la intensidad de fluorescencia se tomó como evidencia de la actividad de la enzima,
determinando el porcentaje de inhibición para cada compuesto y encontrando resultados promisorios en varios de
ellos.
P052- EFFECT OF (FZ) GLICOLIT ON KINETIC OF ABSORPTION OF LABELED 14C
GLUCOSE IN WISTAR RATS
Fleitas A1, Derivet Ml2, Simón M1, Rodríguez G3, Concepción Bl3
1
National Institute of Angiology and Vascular Surgery (INACV). Calzada del Cerro 1551, esquina Domínguez, Ciudad
de la Habana, Cuba. 2Cuban Institute of Sugar Investigations (ICINAZ). 3Institute of Materials and Reagents (INRE).
UH. E-mail: [email protected]
Introduction: The diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic dysfunction whose incidence has gradually increasing in
the world. The antihiperglicemiants are drugs that are used in the patient's metabolic control, it is important for our
diabetic patients to obtain a drug that contributes to control the glucose levels in blood in the post-pandrial periods.
Our working group is developing a derivative product of the natural zeolits (FZ) that have named Glicolit; in previous
studies it has shown effects on the intestinal absorption of glucose, slowing the absorption and the increments in blood
after the post-pandrial periods, this substance at the same time allows these patients to improve quality of life and to
slow the complications characteristic of this illness. Objectives: To know the effectiveness of the drug, as well as to
deepen in the mechanisms of action and the kinetics of absorption of the same one. Material and Method: 15 rats
were studied, at 6 of them was administered a preparation of labeled glucose with 14C, in fast (group 1 control), and to
the other 9 remaining they were administered a preparation that contained labeled glucose plus Glicolit (group 2). It
was carried out blood withdrawals and radio-active counts in the plasma at different times: Results: it was observed
differences in the areas under the absorption curves of the glucose between both groups of rats, the Glicolit showed
its capacity as an antihyperglicemiant. Conclusions: The reached results allow us to continue working in the study of
this possible drug. The results obtained by the radio isotopic method with labeled glucose with 14 C also corroborate
the results of previous studies.
References: 1. Spengler, M; ”Novedades en Diabetes: Los inhibidores de las alfa-glucosidasas 3er Simposio Internacional sobre
Acarbosa. Munich, Marzo de 1991 pp 280- 284. 2. Thomas M.S. Wolever.”Assessing the Antihyperglycemic effect of Acarbose”.
Diabetes Care, V 21,no 4 Abril 1998:667-668. 3. Fleitas A.S. Efecto del Glicolit sobre la absorción de glucosa marcada con C14 en
97
FAPRONATURA 2006
ratas Wistar. Rev. Cubana de Angilogía y Cirugía Vascular 2001 Vol1. 4. Fleitas A.S. Efecto de diferentes dosis de Glicolit en ratas
Wistar. Rev. Cubana de Angilogia y Cirugia Vascular 2004; 5(1)
P053- DEVELOPMENT OF A NATURAL SUBSTANCE AS AN ANTIHYPERGLICEMIANT
DRUG FOR GLICEMIC CONTROL IN DIABETIC PATIENTS
Fleitas AS
National Institute of Angiology and Vascular Surgery (INACV). Calzada del Cerro 1551, esquina Domínguez, Ciudad
de La Habana, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected]
Introduction: The Diabetes mellitus can improve with a diet, insulin, or with an oral treatment with hypoglicemiants.
However, this standard treatment that has been developed has not highly avoided the development of chronic
complications. Consequently the standard treatment is evidently unsatisfactory. So we are looking for a new approach
focused on the basic treatment of the diabetes that is the dietary treatment. Our working group has developed a
natural substance, with a view to get a medication that helps to the metabolic control of the diabetic patients that
possesses antihyperglicemiant properties, denominated FZ (Glicolit). Material and method: We have been carried
out in in vitro, toxicological and pre-clinical studies using FZ (Glicolit). Results: It has been demonstrated that this
substance possesses selective adsorptive properties for the glucose in the gastrointestinal tract, what allows
controlling the levels of glucose in blood in laboratory animals glucose fed, sucrose and starch. This substance did not
show in the studies carried out, acute toxicological effects and genotoxicity. Conclusions: The FZ contributes to the
treatment of Diabetes for its antihyperglicemiant action and it can also improve the quality of life of these patients.
References: References: 1. Spengler, M; ”Novedades en Diabetes: Los inhibidores de las alfa-glucosidasas 3er Simposio
Internacional sobre Acarbosa. Munich, Marzo de 1991 pp 280- 284. 2. Thomas M.S. Wolever.”Assessing the Antihyperglycemic
effect of Acarbose”. Diabetes Care, V 21, no 4 Abril 1998:667-668. 3. Fleitas A.S. Efecto del Glicolit sobre la absorción de glucosa
marcada con C14 en ratas Wistar. Rev. Cubana de Angilogía y Cirugía Vascular 2001 Vol1. 4. Fleitas A.S. Efecto de diferentes
dosis de Glicolit en ratas Wistar. Rev. Cubana de Angilogia y Cirugia Vascular 2004; 5(1)
P054- EVALUATION OF THE HYPOGLYCEMIC EFFECT AND MECHANISM OF ACTION OF
Balanites aegyptiaca ON STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
Badria FAa, Abou-Seif Mb, Osama Mb, and Ahmed AFa
a
Pharmacognosy Department, bBiochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516
Egypt. E-mail: [email protected]
The aim was to investigate the hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities of an aqueous extract of Balanites aegyptiaca
on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats liver. The aqueous extract of Balanites aegyptiaca (500 mg/kg) and
Gliclazide (100 mg/kg), were administered orally once a day for two weeks to STZ-induced diabetic rats. The effects of
on serum blood glucose, hepatic glycogen, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphatase, superoxide
dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and lipid profiles were studied. The same
parameters were assessed in normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats, as well as normal rats treated with Balanites
aegyptiaca extract. Treatment of STZ-induced diabetic rats with an aqueous extract of Balanites aegyptiaca resulted
in a significant decrease in the levels of serum blood glucose p<0.001), hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase, MDA, total
cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol compared to the corresponding levels of the untreated STZ-induced
diabetic rats. The effects produced by Balanites aegyptiaca extract were found to be comparable with that of
gliclazide. These results indicate that the aqueous extract of the mesocarp of Balanites aegyptiaca possess
hypoglycemic, antioxidant and hypolipidemic activities.
98
FAPRONATURA 2006
P055- EFECTO ANTIDIABETICO DE Cochlospermum vitifolium y Tournefortia hartwegiana:
AGENTES ANTIHIPERGLICEMICOS VIA INHIBICION DE ALFA-GLUCOSIDASAS
INTESTINALES
Ortiz-Andrade RR1, Castillo-España P1, Sánchez-Salgado JC1, Villalobos-Molina R2, Ramírez-Ávila G3 y
Estrada-Soto S1
1
Facultad de Farmacia y Centro de Investigaciones en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos,
Cuernavaca, Morelos, México. 2FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, DF. 3Centro de
Investigación Biomédica del Sur, IMSS, Xochitepec, Morelos, México. E-mail: [email protected]
Cochlospermum vitifolium (Willd.) Sprengel (Cochlospermaceae) y Tournefortia hartwegiana Steudl (Boraginaceae)
son dos especies utilizadas en la Medicina Tradicional del Estado de Morelos para el tratamiento de la diabetes,
comúnmente son conocidas en el Estado como “Panicua” y “Tachichinole”, respectivamente. Los extractos
metanólicos de C. vitifolium y T. hartwegiana mostraron un efecto hipoglucemiante significativo (p< 0.05) en modelos
agudo y crónico utilizando ratas normoglucémicas, estos extractos indujeron una disminución de los niveles
plasmáticos de glucosa de 30% y 40%, respectivamente. Por otro lado, se realizaron las curvas de tolerancia a la
glucosa (CTG) utilizando diferentes sustratos como glucosa, sacarosa y maltosa. Las CTG de ambos extractos
permitieron establecer que los mismos retardan la absorción de la glucosa entre una y dos horas aproximadamente
(p<0.05). Finalmente, ambas especies inhiben significativamente la actividad enzimática de la α-glucosidasa intestinal
(C. vitifolium IC50 = 1.9 mg/mL; T. hartwegiana IC50 =5.25 mg/mL). Este estudio permitió corroborar el efecto
antidiabético atribuido en la Medicina Tradicional elucidando dos principales modos de acción: 1) un efecto
hipoglucemiante y 2) un efecto antihiperglucémico vía inhibición de la enzima α-glucosidasa intestinal y por retraso de
la absorción de carbohidratos.
P056- ACTIVIDAD Y CONTENIDO DE COMPUESTOS HIPOGLUCEMIANTES DE DOS
ESPECIES CONOCIDAS COMO “GUARUMBO”: Cecropia peltata Y Cecropia obtusifolia
Erazo JC1, Aguilar L1, Aranda E2 y Nicasio P1
1
Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Argentina No. 1, Colonia Centro,
62790 Xochitepec Morelos, México. 2Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de
Morelos. Avenida Universidad 1001, Colonia Chamilpa, 62209 Cuernavaca Morelos, México.
La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) es la enfermedad metabólica más común en el mundo. Los fármacos existentes son
utilizados en el control de la hiperglucemia; sin embargo, no suprimen las complicaciones asociadas a esta
enfermedad, siendo necesario explorar nuevas medicinas antidiabéticas. Las plantas representan una excelente
alternativa para el desarrollo de nuevos medicamentos. Los árboles de Cecropia obtusifolia y C. peltata son
popularmente conocidos en México como “guarumbo”, y las infusiones de sus hojas utilizadas tradicionalmente para
tratar la DM2. El efecto hipoglucemiante de ambas Cecropias ha sido probado en murinos sanos, hiperglicemicos y
diabetizados, así como en humanos diabéticos tipo 2, actividad que es atribuida a los compuestos fenólicos ácido
clorogénico (AC) e isoorientina (ISO). El efecto hipoglucemiante producido por el extracto metanólico de hojas de C.
peltata en ratones normales se determinó como el mejor y estuvo positivamente correlacionado con el contenido de
AC. Por ello, los árboles de C. obtusifolia y C. peltata son una alternativa para el desarrollo de un fitofármaco
estandarizado en sus principios activos para el tratamiento de la DM2. Con el interés de contar con un cultivo
homogéneo para la formulación del medicamento hipoglucemiante, ambas especies han sido micropropagadas a
través de las técnicas de cultivos de tejidos de vegetales y adaptadas en condiciones de invernadero. El mejor
tratamiento para derivar plantas de Cecropia fue desarrollado en medio de cultivo de Murashige y Skoog
complementado con las fitohormonas: bencilaminopurina (26.64 µM) combinada con ácido naftalenacético o ácido
indolacético (0.57 µM). Los extractos metanólicos de hojas de las plantas redujeron los niveles de glucosa en sangre
al ser administrados vía oral (1 y 0.5 g/ kg de peso) en ratones normales; este efecto fue correlacionado con el
contenido –analizados por HPLC- de CA e ISO. El efecto hipoglucemiante y contenido de compuestos fenólicos mas
altos, fueron registrados en las hojas de las plantas micropropagadas y silvestre de C. peltata. Nuestros resultados
ofrecen un protocolo para la multiplicación y conservación de las propiedades curativas de dos plantas medicinales
mexicanas importantes.
99
FAPRONATURA 2006
P057- PRESENCE OF SPASMOLYTIC CONSTITUENTS IN Gratiola officinalis
Jabbar-Shah A, Usman IS, Hassan-Gilani A
Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences. The Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi-74800,
Pakistan. Email: [email protected]
Gratiola officinalis L. is traditionally used in a variety of disorders including gut spasm and diarrhea. Aim of this study
was to provide pharmacological basis for some of its traditional uses. Rabbits were killed by cervical dislocation and
jejunum was dissected out. Approximately 2 cm long segments of jejunum were incubated in normal Tyrod’s solutions
at 37 oC, aerated with carbogen. Isotonic responses of the tissues were measured on Bioscience oscillograph. The
crude extract of Gratiola officinalis (Go.Cr) caused inhibition of spontaneous and high K+ (80 mM)-induced
contractions at 0.30-5.00 mg/mL, suggesting that Go.Cr mediate its antispasmodic effect through calcium channel
blocking (CCB) activity. The CCB activity was further confirmed when pre-treatment of the tissue with Go.Cr (0.3-3.0
mg/mL) shifted the Ca++ dose-response curves to the right similar to that produced by verapamil, a standard calcium
channel blocker. Activity-directed fractionation revealed that the spasmolytic activity was concentrated in the
chloroform fraction while potency of the aqueous fraction was similar to that of the parent crude extract. These results
suggest that the antispasmodic effect of Gratiola officinalis is mediated though CCB activity, which provides sound
mechanistic basis for its traditional uses in some of the gastrointestinal disorders such as gut spasms and diarrhea.
P058- PRECLINIC STUDIES OF THREE DIURETIC PLANTS OF TRADITIONAL USE IN CUBA
Iglesias E, Herrera R, Ferrándiz D, León MC, Turiño J, Ramírez A
Medical University “Carlos J. Finlay”, Carretera Central Oeste s/n Apdo: 144, CP 70100, Camagüey, Cuba.
Although the herbal drugs have been used during centuries, alone a small quantity of plants has been investigated
through scientific methods that validate its use for that reason the objective of this work is the pharmacological and
toxicological evaluation of flowing extracts of three diuretic medicinal plants of wide popular use: Xanthium strumarium
L, Lepidium virginicum L and rough Archryrantes aspera. It was carried out in the Toxicology and Pharmacology
Experimental Unit of Camagüey. The diuretic action was evaluated for each extract according to the method of
Lipschitz. For evaluation of diuresis, 40 female line Wistar rats was used distributed aleatorily in 5 groups. The groups
were the following ones: G 1 negative control, G 2, 3 and 4 extracts dose of 200, 400 and 800 mg/Kg respectively and
G 5 positive control. The used variables were: volumetric urinary excretion (VUE%) and excretion of electrolytes in
urine. Toxicological evaluation was carried out according to the Sharp Toxicity Classes Method (CTA) starting from
preset dose of 25, 200 and 2 000 mg/kg. The used variable was the variation of the corporal weight. In both studies it
was carried out the variance analysis (ANOVA) of a classification road, followed by Tuckey multiple ranges test. The
three researched extracts had an VUE % bigger that the negative control and in the case of the L. virginicum L.
superior to the positive control. In all cases 400 mg/kg of weight dose was the biggest VUE %. The three plants
caused significant excretion of electrolytes. The evaluation toxicological of the extracts threw that plows not toxic for
to 2000 mg/kg of weight dose, significant decrease of corporal weight was not observed, neither signs nor symptoms
that evidenced toxic effect existed.
P059- DIURETIC ACTIVITY OF FIVE MEDICINAL PLANTS USED POPULARLY IN CUBA
Boffill Ma, Lorenzo Ga, Monteagudo Ea, Sueiro Mb, Matos Jc
Experimental Toxicology Unit. Medical College of Villa Clara, Acueduct St. And Circumvallation, C.P. 50200. bMedical
Supplies Enterprise. Cuba St. e/ Nazareno and San Miguel. C.P.: 50100. cFlora and Fauna Enterprise. Los Caneyes
Rd. C.P.:50300. Santa Clara, Villa Clara, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected]
a
Introduction: diuretics are drugs capable of increase levels of urine, so they are useful in the treatment of diseases
related with the retention of fluids. In Cuba it is attributed diuretic action to 179 vegetable species based on its
100
FAPRONATURA 2006
traditional use but only a few of them has been experimentally valuated. The objective of this investigation was to
experimentally proof the diuretic action because of its traditional use attributed to: Bidens alba (romerillo), Carica
papaya (fruta bomba), Rhoeo spathacea (SW) Stearn (cordován), Costus cylindricus Jack (caña de la India) and
Capraria biflora (esclaviosa) and to evaluate the toxic potential at a single dose of those more pharmacologically
effective. Materials and Methods: the extracts were submitted to phytochemical analysis; diuretic effect was carried
out in SD rats (180 – 220 g BW) by measuring the urine volume every hour in the first 6 hours and later at 24 hours.
Positive control was furosemide (20 mg/kg BW). The aqueous extracts were administered at 400 mg/kg BW and those
who exerted similar diuretic effect to that of furosemide at doses of: 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg BW. Results: B. alba
and C. cylindricus showed the best diuretic effects but with higher K+ and Na+ excretion compared to positive control
ones. C. biflora extracts are not potent excretors of K+ which is an advantage over furosemide. It was proved that B.
alba and C. cylindricus are non toxic after single dose administration. Conclusions: it was determined that all the
extracts show diuretic effect outstandingly those of B. Alba and C. cylindricus which also are non toxic at all.
P060- PRECLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE DIURETICAL EFFECT OF Lepidium virginicum
L
Barreiro AV1, Jacas J2
1
Laboratory of Antobodies and Experimentals Biomodels. LABEX.23 st and Carretera Caney. Vista Alegre.BOX 4032
PC.90400, Santiago de Cuba. Cuba. 2Laboratory of Antobodies and Experimentals Biomodels. LABEX.23 st and
Carretera Caney. Vista Alegre.BOX 4032 PC.90400, Santiago de Cuba. Cuba.
Introduction: Considering the popular roots of using “mastuerzo” (Lepidium virginicum L) with diuretical purposes, a
preclinical study was made to evaluate this effect. Materials and methods: Leaves of the plant were brought to
powder by means of an electrical mill to prepare infusions of different concentrations (5, 10, 15 and 20% w/v). For
comparison and control, salty solutions and furosemide were used. Lepidium virginicum L. infusions were supplied to
male Wistar rats by oral via to determine which concentration made the rats to release more diuretical volume.
Chloride, sodium, potassium, albumin and Ph concentrations were determined as well as the cytology of the urine
collected. Results: The most important diuretical effect was found with 20% concentration infusions in all
determinations. (1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 24 hours).Chloride, sodium and potassium concentrations as well as density values
were higher when “mastuerzo” was used than in those treated with salty solution. No differences were found in the
aspect or the colour of urine. Neither albumin nor cytological alterations were found in any of the experimental groups.
Conclusions: The diuretical effect shown by the infusion of Lepidium virginicum L. was similar to that found by using
furosemide, except in the excretion of sodium and potassium. This reinforces the pharmaceutical possibilities of the
plant.
P061- ACUTE TOXICITY AND DIURETIC EFFECT OF THE Commelina elegans H. B. K.
(TUBE)
Pérez I, Fields AM, Churches AND, Herrera R, Eagle M, García L
"Carlos J. Finlay" Medical University of Camagüey.Carretera Central Oeste s/n Apdo 144. Camagüey. Cuba E-mail:
[email protected]
It was carried out a preclinical study in 50 rats of the line Wistar, with the objective of evaluating the possible diuretic
effect and the oral acute toxicity of the decoction of the Commelina elegans H. B. K. For the diuretic action three doses
was proven: 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg of corporal weight. The results were compared with those obtained by the
hydrochlorothiazide to the dose of 10 mg/kg of weight (reference diuretic) and with the standardized water (control).
The volume of liquid administered for all the group was of 50 ml/kg of weight (it overloads hydric). The urinary
excretion was measured until the sixth hour and it was determined to the final volume the concentration of sodium and
potassium. The obtained results demonstrated the diuretic effect of the three used doses, accompanied by natriuresis
and kaluresis. To determine the toxic effects the method of the Classes of Acute Toxicity it was used (CTA) and the
decoction of the Commelina elegans H. B. K. was classified like not toxic (ATCo, or not classifiable), when not being
101
FAPRONATURA 2006
observed mortality neither toxic signs with the dose of 2000 mg/kg that is the dose limit according to the used norm.
These results are shown in charts and graphics.
P062- DIURETIC EFFECT OF Bryophyllum pinnatum LAM (SIEMPREVIVA)
Pérez I, Olivera O, Reynaldo I, Batista J, Grinión LE, Pestano Y
Carlos J. Finlay. Medical University of Camagüey. Central Highway West. Camagüey. Cuba.
It was carried out a preclinical study in 50 rats of the line Winstar to demonstrate the diuretic effect of the decoction of
Bryophyllum pinnatum Lam, determining the eliminated urine volumes and concentrations of potassium and sodium at
sixth later hours after administered of thy decoction and comparing the diuretic effect of plant with a positive and
negative control. Were determined the physical-chemical parameters and the control of the quality of the plant and
decoction. The model was constituted by 25 female rats and 25 rats males with a weight between 150 and 200 g, they
were divided in 5 groups: Group 1 (negative Control with standardized water), Group 2, 3 and 4 (Decoction of the plant
in three levels to dose of 200, 400 and 800 mg/Kg) and the group 5 (positive Control with hydrochlothiazide). For the
comparative evaluations of the diuretic action it was carried out a descriptive statistic and test of Hypothesis of mean
by MICROSTAT program with the objective of determining the difference (p <0.05). The urinary excretion was
measured at the 2, 4 and 6 hours, being determined its total volume, to which was determined the concentration of
potassium and sodium. The conclusions of the study demonstrated the diuretic effect from the decoction to the used
doses 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg of corporal weight and the effect natriuretic and kaluretic. The decoction of the
Bryophyllum pinnatum Lam was compared with a group negative control and with other positive group (reference
diuretic), showing a diuretic effect quantitatively superior to the group negative control. The dose of 400 mg/Kg of
weight showed a diuretic effect quantitatively superior at the second and quarter hour. These results are shown in
graphics and charts.
P063- THE VIRTUAL UNIVERSITY IN THE TEACHING OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY. A THREE YEARS’ EXPERIENCE
León-Espinosa O, Ruiz-Calabuch H, Ramos-Torres L, León-Espinosa I, García-Rodríguez R
Faculty of Health Sciences Dr. Faustino Pérez Hernández. Circunvalante Norte s/n. Olivos 3. Sancti Spíritus. PC 60
100. Cuba. E-mails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected],
[email protected]
Introduction: The beginning of the 90´s whit the advent of the special period with the great economical limitations
compelled the Cuban Government to look for strategies to supply the deficit of medications, such as: a) The
generalized use of Traditional and Natural Medicine (TNM). B) The development of Pharmacoepidemiology achieving
in this way a Rational Use of Medications (RUM). But to introduce these strategies it was necessary to qualify our
health professional in both areas. Material and Methods: A descriptive-retrospective study was carried out with the
general characteristics, results and satisfaction level of the 423 sstudents who made our 9 Distance-Learning Courses
(DLC) of Phytotherapy (6) and Pharmacoepidemiology (3) taught by our staff since November 2002 to December
2005. Results: Several students from more than 5 curricula were certified, graduated, among them, 231 physicians,
100 nurses, 43 dentist and some other health professionals. Their final evaluation was classified as follows: 98.9 %
passed with the highest marks (4 and 5). More than 90 % of the graduated population was satisfied with the four
pedagogical surveyed items. The DLC provided many advantages compared with the Full -Time Courses (FTC)
because the former had very few affectations to their health services and very low cost. Conclusions: Many health
professionals from our province have been qualified with a predominant source of medical doctors and nurses who
obtained good academic results confirming the effectiveness of the Virtual University and great satisfaction level in
booths DLC. As can be seen it also had a paramount social and economical impact.
102
FAPRONATURA 2006
P064- LA FARMACOLOGÍA EN EL CONTEXTO DEL APRENDIZAJE DE LAS CIENCIAS
BÁSICAS Y LA ORIENTACIÓN MOTIVACIONAL DEL ESTUDIANTE
Contreras E, Castañeda S
Facultad de Medicina, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. P. O. Box 70297, México,
D. F. 04510, México. Email: [email protected]
La importancia de la Farmacología en el estudio de Medicina parece incuestionable; varios autores la identifican como
la base racional de la terapéutica. Su enseñanza formal se establece en etapas diferentes. En el Plan de estudios de
la Facultad de Medicina (PEFACMED) de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) está en el segundo
año. La Facultad atiende anualmente 1000 nuevos estudiantes. El objetivo del Programa de Farmacología enfatiza
las bases racionales de la terapéutica con medicamentos. El propósito de este trabajo fue conocer la relación entre
las ciencias médicas básicas establecidas en el PEFACMED y las estrategias de aprendizaje. La muestra estuvo
constituida por 69 alumnos: 33 (48%) mujeres y 36 (52%) hombres. Se aplicó un examen de conocimientos previos
de 35 reactivos: 12 de Bioquímica, 15 de Biología Celular y 8 de Biología del Desarrollo; se aplicó simultáneamente
un cuestionario sobre estrategias de aprendizaje. Durante el curso se aplicaron tres exámenes de Farmacología. Los
resultados muestran diferencias significativas según la escuela de procedencia en el examen diagnóstico a su ingreso
a la carrera y diferencias significativas en el examen de conocimientos previos al iniciar el curso de Farmacología y
finalmente, diferencias no significativas en los exámenes de Farmacología. Se titularon 53 (76.8%) como médico
cirujano en el término establecido. Consideramos que este estudio confirma la correlación entre ciencias afines con la
Farmacología y que pareciera afirmar el carácter social de la educación, al encontrar diferencias significativas en el
desempeño de los estudiantes sólo al inicio de sus estudios.
P065- PROPERTIES OF THE Aloe IN THE RECURRENT STOMATITIS
Aguila L, García G
Policlínico Santo Domingo. Independence #201 Santo Domingo. Villa Clara. E-mail: [email protected]
Recurrent stomatitis, also called oral soresis or simply "sores" it is an illness inflammatory chronicle characterized
clinically by buds of soresis lesions in the oral mucous. It presents like unique or multiple lesions almost always small
(smaller than 0, 5 cm.), not very deep, erosive, painful, of sudden presentation, initially necrotics and of character
recurrent. The natural medicine or alternative has allowed introducing the use of medicinal plants for what we carry out
this work with the objective of demonstrating the healing effect of the Aloe. Carry out a prospective study to 55 patients
that went to the consultation of stomatology of Santo Domingo's policlinic during the understood period of January December of 2005 that presented diagnostic of stomatitis recurrent. The treatment with aloe began in forms of the
cataplasm s being administered in the lesion, as well as to take it in that same three times a day for period of seven
days. To patients they are given a leaf of information that included different data about aloe. About the obtained
results, we have that the feminine sex prevailed (58.18%). The age average was de15-39, prevailing the white race.
The most frequent form in presentation was the smallest soresis. All the patients carried out the two treatments
obtaining very good results in 92.72% of the patients the sintomatology disappeared.
P066- PRECLINICAL STUDIES OF A STANDARDIZED EXTRACT OF THE Allium sativum L.
TO 20% FOR ITS USE IN STOMATOLOGY
Ferrándiz D, Padilla M, Iglesias E
Superior Institute of Medical Sciences of Camagüey, Highway Central West s/n, CP 70100, Camagüey, Cuba. E-mail:
[email protected]
In our country, the Ministry of Public Health as part of the politics of the World Health Organization stimulates the
investigation works on medicinal plants. The norms of the medical specialties for the use of medicinal plants
recommend the employment of the dye of garlic in the toothache. This is an annual grass, of Asian origin that presents
bulbs denominated "heads" and it is probably the studied medicinal plant. This work was developed in the Provincial
103
FAPRONATURA 2006
Unit of Experimental Toxicology of Camagüey to carry out the study of Irritability in Oral Mucous to the standardized
dye of Allium sativum L. to 20%, which was obtained by maceration. Total ashes, acid-insoluble and acid-hydrosoluble
were determined. Hydroalcoholic extracts were studied (in ethanol 95 and 40%), acetic (2%) and watery, picking up
you pH values, relative density, refraction index, total solids and qualitative chemical composition. It was carried out
the macro and micro-morphologic study of the drug and data Cuban ethnologic was analyzed through reports
phytochemical and toxicological drug of the international literature. For the irritability in mucous of male adults Syriams
hamsters was used with a weight understood between 100 and 150 g. It was carried out a acute test during 24 h and
another to repeated doses by 7 days being applied this dye in the gule bags of the animals. During the realization of
the acute study in 24 h macroscopic alterations were not observed in the gule bags of the animals of the treated
groups, It didn't seize for repeated exhibitions, where starting from the third day of treatment they were already begun
to observe lesions in the mucous corresponding to erythema and moderate edema, ending up being severe starting
from the fourth day, being observed serious dysfunctions in the mucous one that you/they go from cellular
degeneration to severe necrosis, with epithelium loss and abundant inflammatory reaction. Therefore, this dye applied
in acute form to the mucous one oral it demonstrated that it didn't affect the application place, that is to say, it is
considered potentially not irritating, but the administration to repeated dose produced severe damages in the mucous
one for what doesn't recommend its use to repeated dose.
References: 1. The Burton Goldberg Group. (1993) Alternative Medicine. Washington: Future Medicine. 2. OMS. (1991) Pautas
para la evaluación de medicamentos herbarios. Ginebra. (WHO-TRM/91. 4.)
P067- OPINIONS OF PATIENTS FROM SANCTI SPIRITUS AND LA SIERPE MUNICIPALITIES
ABOUT MEDICINAL HERBS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL DRUGS
León-Espinosa O, Ruiz-Calabuch H, Ramos-Torres L, León-Espinosa I, Gonzalez-Valdivia G
Dr Faustino Pérez Hernández Faculty of Health Sciences. Circunvalante Norte s/n. Olivos 3. Sancti Spíritus. PC 60
[email protected]
Introduction: In Cuba there is a rich popular tradition in the use of herbs for medicinal purposes, which dates back to
several centuries ago, and which results from the combination of knowledge and practice of our ancestors from the
Caribbean, Europe, Asia and Africa. We consider that the population know and trust this valuable therapeutical
resource. Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was designed during the period from January to
March of 2006, by surveying 45 patients from the North Health Area of Sancti Spiritus and the Urban Health area of La
Sierpe municipalities, with the aim of assessing their knowledge, appeal, and use of medicinal herbs and derivatives
as a therapeutical resource. The results obtained are expressed in tables. Results: Most of the patients surveyed are
over 20 years, with predominance of primary and intermediate educational levels in Sancti Spiritus, and of the
intermediate one in La Sierpe. The answers about many things related to medicinal herbs (therapeutical usefulness,
knowledge, prescribed medical use, self-prescription, studies prior to therapeutical use, etc.) were predominantly
positive in both municipalities. Most of the patients considered medicinal herbs as powerful as or more powerful than
synthetic drugs. Conclusions: There are no differences between the answers of surveyed patients from both
municipalities. Knowledge and use of medicinal herbs were not affected by either age or educational level, for patients
report almost unanimously that they are useful in different diseases, which they have learned through different ways,
and they generally use them from self-prescription. Nevertheless, most of them admit that they must be studied before
their use is officially recommended, because most of them are powerful or more powerful than synthetic drugs.
104
FAPRONATURA 2006
P068- KNOWLEDGE AND OPINIONS OF DOCTORS FROM SANCTI SPIRITUS AND LA
SIERPE MUNICIPALITY ABOUT PHYTOTHERAPY
León-Espinosa O, Ruiz-Calabuch H, Ramos-Torres L, León-Espinosa I, Gonzalez-Valdivia G
Dr Faustino Pérez Hernández Faculty of Health Sciences. Circunvalante Norte s/n. Olivos 3. Sancti Spíritus. PC 60
[email protected]
Introduction: There is a tendency to rescue Traditional and Natural Medicine (TNM) all over the world, Cuba
advocates the combined use of TNM and Western medicine. We start from the consideration that doctors have a little
academic formation in phytotherapy, which limits its adequate use. Material and methods: A descriptive crosssectional study was designed during the period from January to March of 2006 by surveying 54 doctors from the North
and Urban Health Areas of Sancti Spiritus and La Sierpe municipalities, respectively, with the aim of assessing their
knowledge, appeal and application of medicinal herbs. The results obtained are expressed in tables. Results: Among
the surveyed doctors, there is a predominance of residents and specialists of General Integrated Medicine (GIM) who
claim to trust the phytopharmacological agents and knowing them on a self-taught basis or from postgraduate courses,
suggesting that those that are made in pharmacies are the choice, prescribing them convinced of their efficacy, and
considering them as effective as synthetic medications. On inquiring about seven medicinal herbs of frequent use in
our setting, 80 percent of the answers were right, but there were a 20 % of wrong answers. A high production and sale
of phytopharmacological drugs was reported, but their medical prescription is low, mainly in Sancti Spiritus. These
drugs are sold before their expiry date. Conclusions: In these professionals, there is a contrast between what they
report and what they really know, because of the great number of mistakes detected. There is a contradiction between
the high therapeutical value they claim to attribute to medicinal herbs and their low medical prescription. The results of
Sancti Spiritus municipality are worse than those of La Sierpe`s.
P069- USE OF THE HERBALIST TRADITIONAL MEDICINE IN THE MUNICIPALITY
JIMAGUAYU OF CAMAGUEY
Ricardo Ma, Valls ARb
a
Company of Pharmacy and Optics: Pharmacy 690. Carretera Santa Cruz del Sur km 10. Rescate de Sanguily.
b
Jimaguayu. Camaguey. Cuba. E-mail: [email protected] Medical University " Carlos J. Finlay". Carretera
Central Oeste s/n Apdo 144. Camaguey. Cuba. Email: [email protected]
The perspective of the use of the medicinal plants, so much directly as the used ones in the preparation of new
medicines, is increasingly more extensive and promising in the measure that its new possibilities of use know
medicinal in agreement with the guidelines established by the Organization World cup of the Health. We carry out this
study in the municipality Jimaguayu of the province Camaguey in the period of January - April of the present year to
determine the frequency of utilization of the herbalist traditional medicine to work in function of the needs of the routine
medical practice and to verify the validity of the popular assertions of the most employed through bibliographical
references. The method of work was the application of surveys to 100 people where 90 % was of female sex and the
major number (37 %) corresponding to the status of ages between 45 and 59 years. Of 474 emitted reports 120
species of plants were registered, being detected that the salvia and the oregano were the most reported with 27 and
25 uses, respectively. The most employed parts were the leaves with 277 and the oral way, the most utilized way of
administration with 397 reports. 77 therapeutic properties were reported where the plants with anticatarrhal effects
were the most used (150 reports) followed by them utilized against renal infections, anti-diarrheics and sedates (54, 35
and 29 reports respectively). Finally it was verified that the popular uses of the four most utilized plants correspond
with the studies reported in the scientific literature whenever themselves they be not utilized of irrational form. The
data registered are employed to encourage or to discourage the employment of some of the plants and for in the
present to investigate in the search of new drugs.
105
FAPRONATURA 2006
P070- EVALUATION OF CONSUME OF MEDICINAL HERBS IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN THE
HEALTH AREA OF RENE VALLEJO CLINIC, BAYAMO CITY SINCE JANUARY TO MAY,
2006
Perez Valerino DRa, Espronceda Reyes Ab
a
Research Vice-presidency, Finlay Institute, Havana, Cuba, P. O. Box 16017. bHealth Provincial Center (b) , Saco 252,
between Capotico and Pio Rosado, Bayamo City, PO Box 85100, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected]
Introduction: Nowadays 80% of the world population use medicinal herbs (MH) as treatment against different
diseases. Traditionally people prepare these medicinal herbs as infusions or decoctions, whether it is using as whole
form or its parts. There are some risks that entail the use of solutions based in MH due to could have some toxic
compounds that could induce several troubles, especially in pregnant women, where the woman and the foetus are
both exposed. Pregnant could present unexpected abort, childbirth before 37 weeks, or child with congenital
malformation as consequence of the not controlled consume of MH’s preparations. Material and methods: We
realized a descriptive study with the following aim: to value consume of MH’s preparations in 150 pregnant women at
the Obstetrics Consult in “Rene Vallejo Hospital”, Bayamo City since January to May of 2006. Data obtained were
processed through survey and interviews. Results: Of the 150 patients, 56% consumed the MH’s preparations; 41%
consumed MH’s preparations during the third quarter; 62% of pregnant consumed the MH’s preparations indicated by
himself or with out medical prescription. Plants with high percent of consuming were mint (27), garlic (6), lime tree
(18), ginger (4), anison (10), basil (15), and others (20). Conclusions: These results show that there’s no suitable
culture in our population related with the well use of MH’s preparations during pregnancy. Because of these reasons
we must work with high efficiency for developing this culture and then contribute with Cuban Infant Maternal Program.
P071- MEDICINAL PLANTS USED AGAINST ANTI - PARASITE DISEASES. EVALUATION OF
ITS USE IN A HEALTH AREA
Espronceda Reyes Aa Perez Valerino DRb
a
Health Provincial Center (b) , Saco 252, between Capotico and Pio Rosado, Bayamo City, PO Box 85100, Cuba.
Research Vice-presidency, Finlay Institute, Havana, Cuba, P. O. Box 16017, Cuba.
b
Introduction: The Cuban scientific community has increased the research’s programs related with medicinal herbs
with the aim of improving its use against diseases provoked by parasites. Bayamo City is a municipality characterized
by a high consume of preparations based in medicinal herbs against this health situations. Material and methods:
Taken into account this characteristic we decided to realize a bibliographic search about plants or herbs with anti
parasite action reported in the literature and using as work tool a survey we actualized this revision with the reality of
our municipality related with the consume of this preparations and its well use by people. Survey was confectioned
with the following data: sex, age, if the patient has consumed medicinal plants as treatment, if the patient knows any
secondary effect, which part of the plant was used, etc. Results: 550 patients were interviewed during six moths, all
they residents of Bayamo City. 67% of the patients drank medicinal plants as anti parasite; more than the 60 % were
woman. The predominant range of age was 55-70 years, and only a 15 % knew about an alternative with similar effect
for the treatment. Conclusions: Verbena Cimarrona (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis), Piña ratón (Bromelia penguin),
Apasote (Chenopodium ambrosioides), and Paraíso (Melia azedarach) were reported as the most popular. Besides,
we proved that people had a general knowledge about these medicinal plants but they didn’t use correctly so, they
could use indistinctly against any similar infection.
106
FAPRONATURA 2006
P072- ETHNOPHARMACOBOTANICAL STUDY OF A URBAN POPULATION AT THE
METROPOLITAN REGION OF CHILE
Pérez de Arce R1, Herrera C1, Coria Y1, Leal B1, Probst U1, Villena L1, Norambuena F1, León J1, Curaqueo R2,
Meza I3, Barrera E3, Martínez JL2,4,5
1
Estudiantes Liceo de Aplicación, Santiago, Chile; 2Profesor Liceo de Aplicación; 3Museo Nacional de Historia Natural;
Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Ciencias Pecuarias, Universidad Iberoamericana de Ciencia y Tecnología,
Santiago, Chile; 5Correspondencia a Casilla 70036, Santiago 7, Chile.
4
It is known since colonial ages that medicinal plants have been and and they will continue being source of health (1).
The ethnobotanical studies of zones delimited of Chile are scarce in special in “Región Metropolitana” --Metropolitan
Region of Santiago--, alone there is ethnobotanical study of areas large; is because of it that for some years start was
given pharmacoethnobotanical study in delimited sectors of Metropolitan Region. In the year 2000 a study was
realized in San Juan de Pirque, Province of Cordillera in Metropolitan Region (2). In this opportunity, the locality of
María Pinto has been considered, in the province of Melipilla in the same Region but coast. The present study
considers only the urban sector of said locality. It were made 8 visits in diverse zones selected at random where
applied an ethnobotanical survey to the woman and it were obtained a total of 69 medicinal plants that were utilized to
cure some illness and that cultivated in family orchard. Once they classified 53 unrepeated species were registered,
among native and introduced species in the country. This reflects that the population continues utilizing medicinal
plants to treat illnesses in its houses. Acknowledgements: This investigation was financed by Proyecto Club Explora EC
006/013 – 2006 (CONICYT – Chile) – 2006) and Fundación para la Innovación Agraria (FIA).
References: 1. Zin, J. and Weiss, C. (1998). La salud por medio de las plantas medicinales. Ed. Don Bosco S.A., 7ª Edición,
Santiago, Chile. 2. Calvo, C., Páez, I., Tamayo, F., Barraza, F., Yuen, Y-S., Lopehandía, M., Garrido, J., Raiman, M., Bonifaz, M.E.,
and Martínez, J.L. (2000). Estudio preliminar sobre calidad de vioda, automedicación, plantas medicinales y medio ambiente en
sectores rurales de la zona de Pirque (Región Metropolitana). Libro de resúmenes del Primer Ecuentro de Estudiantes Científicos
de la Región del Maule, 3 y 4 de Noviembre de 2000, Talca, Chile
P073- USE AND KNOWLEDGE OF THE MEDICINAL PLANTS EMPLOYEES FOR THE
TREATMENT OF THE ACUTE DIARRHEIC ILLNESSES
López Ma, Pérez Mb, Martin Ya, Marrero Rc
a
Municipal Main Pharmacy #691, Fructuoso Rodríguez #114A, Santo Domingo, Villa Clara, PC 53000, Cuba.
Municipal Direction of Health, Santo Domingo, Villa Clara, PC 53000, Cuba. cCelestino Hernández Hospital, Santa
Clara, Villa Clara, PC 54830, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected]
b
In the treatment of the Acute Diarrheic Illnesses, the population's high percent uses the medicinal plants, for that the
popularization and correct use of the same ones are of special interest. For it was carried out a prospective study in
the area of health of the Manuel Piti Fajardo Policlinic with the objective of knowing which plant the population it uses
for the treatment of these illnesses and how they use them. 35 patients were included with this diagnosis. The data for
the analysis were obtained by means of the realization of an interview, of the entirety of patient, 28 (80%) they used
medicinal plants and 11 only used correctly them for what one could affirm that they are insufficiently informed. The
more used plants were “chamomile” Matricaria chamomilla (46.4%), “rice” Oryza sativa (39.3%), “guava” Psidium
guajava (21.4%) and the “balm-gentle of mint” Mentha piperita (10.7%); being the leaves the part more employee and
the form of more frequent preparation was the decoction. Keeping in mind the obtained results was made folding
informative and a chat was imparted on the thematic one in question.
107
FAPRONATURA 2006
P074- MEDICINAL PLANTS AND PREGNANCY
López Ma, Santos Mb
a
Municipal Main Pharmacy #691, Fructuoso Rodríguez #114A, Santo Domingo, Villa Clara, PC 53000, Cuba. E-mail:
[email protected],cu . bMarta Abreu of Las Villas University, Camajuaní Road, Km 5½ Santa Clara, Villa Clara,
PC 54830 Cuba, E-mail: [email protected]
The use of vegetable preparations for pregnant women is very dangerous, mainly when the whole plants are used and
not the isolated or purified components. The remedies with the help of plants can possess toxic components; able to
induce diverse dysfunctions to those that it would not be only exposed the woman but also the fetus. Keeping in mind
these arguments was carried out the present study in the area of health of the Santo Domingo Policlinic with the
objective of valuing the consumption of medicinal plants in pregnant, as well as the knowledge on possible undesirable
effects that it can appear after their administration. The data were obtained through surveys and they included time of
gestation in the moment of the consumption, consumed plants and knowledge on the undesirable effects with the
employment of the same ones. Of 57 pregnant included in the study, 21 (36.5%) they consumed decoctions of
grasses. The time of pregnant of more consumption was the first three-month (57.1%), 16 pregnant women take the
preparations without physicians indication and the used plants were: “tilo”, Justicia pectooralis (38%); “verbena”,
Verbena officinalis (28.5%); “albahaca”, Ocimun basilicum (19%) and “sábila” Aloe barbadensis (4%); the “menta”
Lippia alba; the “caisimón de anís” Piper auritum and the “oregano” Origanum vulgare were used in smaller measure.
These plants possess active principles able to cause unexpected abortions, inhibition of the fetal growth and others
problems. 100% of the pregnant ones ignore the consequences of the use of these preparations. To replace the
opposing necessities of information they were designed folding informative and up-to-date information was given.
P075- CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PROFESSIONALS OF THE HEALTH AND THE
POPULATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY LA LISA IN RELATION TO THE KNOWLEDGE THAT
POSSESS ON MEDICINAL PLANTS AND PHYTOTHERAPY
Ferrer Y, Miranda M, García V
Lisa. Havana City. Cuba. E-mail: [email protected]
The return to use of natural products not only in therapeutics but also in the whole society has been affected due to
the population and health professionals acknowledges about that topic. Present work made a characterization of the
health professionals and population knowledge about medicinal plants and phytotherapics. In this study, were included
all the pharmacists (10) and for doctors and population we took a representative sample of 96 doctors and 393 people.
The analysis of evaluated parameters was fulfilled using percentual values and the chi – square statistical test.
Professionals stated in high percents (98 and 80%) to know about medicinal plants however it was not in agreement
with prescription, dispensation and information given population stated to know in 8o% about some medicinal plants.
The most dispensed fitofarmacos aren’t in agreement with the most frequent pathologies in which they can be used.
Most known and consumed medicinal plants according to people were Justice pectoralis Jacq, Aloe vera, Bidens
pilosa L, Plecthranthus amboinicus and Matricaria recutita. The main affections noted to be treated with this kind of
medicine were not totally in agreement with the chosen therapies. In sum, doctors trust on phytotherapy but its use is
limited by unknowledge and because it is not always available. Population trust on medicinal plants and uses then
usually. Although both professionals state that they’re orienting people about the use of natural products, this is not
what population said.
108
FAPRONATURA 2006
P076- NATURAL AND TRADITIONAL MEDICINE. ACCEPTANCE ON PEDIATRIC PRACTICE
Lacoste MJ, Rodríguez Téllez S, López del Rosario G
Hospital Pediátrico Provincial Docente “Dr. Eduardo Agramonte Piña”. Dolores Betancourt S/N, La Caridad, 70300,
Camagüey, Cuba
Introduction: Cuba has excellent natural conditions, therefore there is a popular traditions using natural medicine.
Material and Methods: A descriptive study of 50 physicians, which treat pediatric patients, was carried out at the
Camagüey Pediatric Teaching Hospital. Variables such as: level of knowledge regarding natural medicine, level of
acceptance by the population and most frequent diseases treated by natural therapy were included. Results: 65% of
the questioned physicians were Pediatricians, 10% had poor knowledge concerning natural medicine.
Gingivoestomatitis, respiratory diseases, and anxiety were the most frequent diseases treated by natural medicine.
Conclusions: Natural and traditional medicine is an alternative therapy in the management of pediatric patients.
P077- USE OF PHYTOMEDICINES AT ¨GUSTAVO MACHIN¨ HOSPITAL
Griñan D, Saumell Y, Perdomo D, Ortiz L.
Superior Institute of Medical Sciences of Santiago of Cuba. Avenue of the Américas between E and I streets, District
Sueño, Postal code 90100 Santiago of Cuba, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected]
Introduction: The wealth of a country in herbal medicine only reaches its true value when a correct use of it occurs.
Objective: To describe the consumption pattern and to determine the use of natural products produced in the
Pharmacy of each of the health services in comparison with the availabilities in the "Gustavo Machin" Psychiatric
Hospital during the months of January-June, 2004. Material and Methods: A descriptive and retrospective study was
made. The universe was made of natural products consumed in the institution, which were produced by the
Pharmaceutical Chemical Industry during the period of study. The data were obtained from consumption register at the
hospital and all the orders received in the pharmacy for this concept and according to medical indications were
checked during these months. Results: A total of 15 were processed. The ones more often prescribed in the semester
were: Expectorant Syrup -37, Guava tincture (Psidium guajava) - 25, Aloe vera Cream (Aloe vera L)-22, Orange
tincture (Citrus aurantium L) -16.These results can be justified by the morbility that appeared in that period of study,
with the highest consumption of expectorant syrups due to the high incidence of catarrhal viruses and also because
they are the most know. Conclusions: They are still few the indications of phytomedicines in the health services.
According to the availability of these products in the pharmacy the ones more often prescribed were: expectorant
syrup, Guava tincture, Aloe vera Cream and Orange tincture. That’s why we recommended increasing the use of
these products, to increase the knowledge of their uses and applications and the creation of a Garden of herbal
medicine in the Hospital for the self-supplying and the recovery of the psychiatric patient.
P078- RATIONAL USE OF DIETETIC SUPPLEMENTS
Saumell Ya, Lores Db, Griñan Da, Perdomo Da
a
Higher Institute of Medical Sciences of Santiago of Cuba. Las Americas Avenue, Sueño neighborhood, Santiago of
Cuba 90100, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected] bMunicipal Main Pharmacy of Santiago of Cuba. Street 5,
Sueño neighborhood, Santiago of Cuba 90100, Cuba
Introduction: There is a concern about the security of the dietetic supplements, exacerbated so that some users are
not well informed about the adequate use of these products and frequently the sanitary professionals do not know that
they consume them. In the last few years data on the risks and benefits of the vitaminic supplements have been
published that are those that abounds more in the world. Objective: To know the use of dietetic supplements and the
perception sanitary that patients and professionals have on their indications and effectiveness, as well as its
information sources about these products. Methods: 300 questionnaires were distributed among users that went to
the Municipal Main Pharmacy of Santiago of Cuba, and 16 among the sanitary professionals of the health areas
assigned to that Pharmacy. The answers were collected to do a descriptive analysis. Results: 256 answers of the
109
FAPRONATURA 2006
patients were collected. The 75,4% of those had used dietetic supplements and in the 53.1% of these cases the doctor
did not know that they used these products. 23.1% of them had at least 3 co-morbid situations. 11 dietetic
supplements for 6 categories of health problems were used. The 3 most used products were vitaminic complex (n =
132), Viprol (n = 87), and PV 2 (n = 57). The patients adjudged an ample rank of indications to the dietetic
supplements. The use of these products on the part of the patients is influenced fundamentally by the publicity (61,3%)
and by recommendation of other people (39.2%). The 63,7% of the professionals affirmed to be using dietetic
supplements; and 74% of them affirmed to have used them sometimes. Nevertheless no one had participated in
formative programs about the use of dietetic supplements. Conclusions: This population uses an ample range of
dietetic supplements. The perceived indications have little consistency. This can prevent to the clinical doctors to
establish adequately, which is the rational use of a specific remedy for a determined group of co-morbid situations in
an individual or in a population. In order to contribute to the rational use of this product, the sanitary professionals
would have to worry to know the use dietetic supplements among their patients and look for evidence on risks and
benefits of these products.
P079- PRACTICAL GUIDE FOR PHYTOTHERAPEUTIC PRESCRIPTION IN PRIMARY
HEALTH CARE
Melgarejo-López N, Álvarez-Bustamante G, Alonso-Abad A
20 of May Str. Between Patria and Amenidad, 457 No 11. Cerro, Postal code 10600, Ministery of Health, Havana,
Cuba, E-mails: [email protected], [email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected]
The Practical Guide for phytotherapeutic prescription in primary health care was drawn up and takes into account the
need of ensuring an adequate prescription of phytopharmaceuticals at this level of care. It was prepared taking as a
basis the existing relations between the experimentally-assessed pharmacological actions and the pharmaceutical
forms of medicinal plants approved by MINSAP. This relation was set by using double entry tables and using the
condensed system, which allows a rapid definition of the prescription and similarly, ways of administration, posology,
contraindications and warnings. Additional data on medicinal plants and their active principles are given to the
physician so that he/she can have comprehensive knowledge of the phytopharmaceuticals derived from those plants.
P080- CLINICAL TRIALS IN MEDICINAL PLANTS
Marrero-Miragaya MA
National Center for Clinical Trials Coordination, Havana, Cuba.
The editors of the New England Journal Medicine in the year 1998 declared: "it is time that the scientific community
stops the free one to walk of the alternative medicine". (1) These positions took for some practitioners of the orthodox
medicine, like touches of death for the Complementary Medicine and Alternative. (CAM, initials in English). Their
positions were based in the few scientific publications of this field. The Cochrane Complementary Field, discovered
that the index articles like alternative medicine only reached 0,4% of the striped total of articles for the MEDLINE for
the period of 1966-1996 (2), possibility toasted to classify this medicine with anti-scientific and anecdotic. The
increment in the use of the natural therapies and especially of the herbal medications it should take to that, so many
those that indicate it, as those that elaborate it market, as well as the responsible ones in regulating their use, increase
the demands, and this way to arrive to the consumers or patients completing three basic elements, effectiveness,
security and quality. It makes necessary the application of the methodology of clinical rehearsal to guarantee the
quality, security and effectiveness for this medication type. It is carried out an analysis of the why it becomes
necessary to subject to clinical rehearsals the medicinal plant that at the present time are marketing without the
regulatory demand necessary.
110
FAPRONATURA 2006
P081- PROPOSAL OF GUIDELINE FOR THE REALIZATION OF CLINICAL TRIAL
PROTOCOLS WITH HERBAL DRUGS
Pérez M, Cid M, Méndez R, Rodríguez M1, Arboláez M
Instituto Superior de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara. Dr. “Serafín Ruiz de Zárate Ruiz”. Vicerrectorado de
Investigaciones. Subcentro de Ensayos Clínicos, Carretera a Acueducto y Circunvalación. Santa Clara, Villa Clara,
Cuba, CP: 50200. E-mail: [email protected]
Introduction: In 1998 the editors of the New England Journal of Medicine declared: "it is time that the scientific
community stops the free walking in alternative medicine". Those statements were based on the few scientific
publications in this field. From that moment the practitioners and researchers in this type of medicine started to defend
it by the publication of clinical investigations. Cuba has a lot of works in this field, however only a few get to the clinical
phase of drug development. Our objective was to design a new guideline for clinical trials with herbal drugs and to
show the updated regulations to start this investigation. Material and methods: For the guideline conformation a
detailed bibliographic search about regulatory aspects in clinical trials in Cuba and the world was done. The guideline
format proposed is: 1) Index, included to archive organization of the contents. 2) Summary, 3) fifty charters, related to
the clinical trials. The guideline also proposes the inclusion of annexes. Results: A new guideline containing 15
chapters which allow the writing of the clear and detailed clinical trial protocol was done. The guideline contains the
information required to guide the research staff who is interested in the validation of herbal drugs pharmacological
activations from the perspective of clinical trials. Conclusions: It was a herbal drug clinical trial protocol which contains
the updated methodology in this field and shows the documentation of the products.
P082- GUIDE OF NATURAL MEDICATIONS FOR THE FAMILY ´S USE
Cedeño E, Sierra L
Medical University of Santiago de Cuba. Email: [email protected]
The Cuban National Health System has prioritized the development of the production of natural medications which are
sold in pharmacies of Santiago de Cuba. More than 50 medications obtained from herbs are sold for frequent use in
different affections of therapeutical management in primary attention. The use of natural medications is spread more in
the population each day, while their benefits are known and above all, the minimum amount of side effects they casse.
The aim of this work is to provide people of the community with a guide of natural medications. Besides, the guide also
approaches the uses and effects of these medications as well as their ways of application and/ or administration and
possible side effects. This guide was elaborated from the available bibliographic references and the autors´
experience. A series of 67 medical plants with the following information: common name, scientific name, main medial
uses, biological effects, indications, uses and side effect. Some of them are: Manzanilla, Ginger, Aloe, Rosemary,
Eucalyptus, Mango, Mastuerzo, Curcuma, Corn, Mint, Marjoram, Banana, Caña Santa, Anizon, Passiflora, Marigold,
and others. This information is available on pharmacies located in the fourth District of Santiago de Cuba.
P083- EFFECTS OF Solanum melongena AND Plantago major EXTRACTS ON HUMAN
ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANES
González Y, Boffill MA, Bermúdez D, Castillo O, Iglesias N.
Experimental Toxicology Unit. Medical Collage of Villa Clara. Dr. “Serafín Ruiz de Zárate Ruiz”. Road to Aqueduct and
Circumvallation. PC: 50200. Santa Clara. Villa Clara. Cuba. E-mail: [email protected]
Introduction: An optimal biological model for the study of the activity on biological membranes is the employment of
the erythrocyte. In our work we evaluate across the test of red cells the activity photohemolytic of two medicinal plants:
Solanum melongena and Plantago major. Materials and Methods: Red cells were used from heparin human blood of
healthy donors and the extracts hydroalcoholics of the plants of study were elaborated in the Medicinal Plants
Laboratory´s of Villa Clara. The evaluation of the photohemolisys carried out according to protocol 81 of the INVITOX
to determine the percent of hemolysis in every case. Concentrations of 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 mg/mL of Solanum
111
FAPRONATURA 2006
melongena and 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6 and 1.8 mg/mL for Plantago major were evaluated. Results: In case of the
Solanum melongena 7,5 mg/mL was obtained as fifty hemolytic concentration (HC50) for the irradiated samples and
8.1 mg/mL for the unirradiated samples, for the Plantago major it was estimated that HC50 for both the irradiated and
the unirradiated samples is higher than 1.4 m/ml. A relation HC50 UIS (unirradiated samples)/HC50 IS (irradiated
samples) was obtained minor to 3 units in both cases. Conclusions: Both evaluated extracts are not photohemolytic.
The Solanum melongena and Plantago major extracts proved to be HC50 raised in comparison with the positive
pattern chlorpromazine. The Solanum melongena showed lower hemolytic effect than the Plantago major.
P084- EFFECT OF CHAIN LENGTH AND ALDEHYDIC FUNCTION ON SOME BIOLOGICAL
PROPERTIES OF PARROPOLYENES
Tagliazucchi D,1 Verzelloni E,2 Ghelardoni S,2 Pini E,3 Maltinti S,2 Ronca G,2 Conte A1
1
Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy. 2Medical
Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, via Roma 55,
56100 Pisa, Italy. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel. +39-0522-522022. Fax +39-0522-522027 3Institute of Organic
Chemistry, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Parropolyenes, also called parroenes, parrodienes and psittacofulvines, are aldehydes of an unsaturated chains
ranging from 8 to 18 carbon atoms. These compounds, isolated from the plumage of parrots, were synthesized in the
laboratory. Parropolyenes have antiproliferative and antioxidant activities. We investigated the effect of chain length
and the role of aldehydic function of some parropolyenes by comparing their biological activities with those of their
corresponding alcohols. Trans, trans-∆2,4-hexadienal at a concentration of 100 µM significantly inhibited the growth of
SH-SY5Y, HL60 and HPBALL cells after 72 h of incubation. All-trans- ∆2,4,6-octatrienal and all-trans-∆2,4,6,8,10dodecapentaenal were more effective since significant inhibition of growth was observed at 10 µM. The corresponding
alcohols were less effective. All the above-mentioned compounds protected 2-deoxyribose from degradation by
ferrous ions and hydrogen peroxide [1]. The protection increased with increasing chain length. No significant
difference was observed between aldehydes and alcohols. Parropolyenes increased the rate of lysis of erythrocyte
membrane in a lactoperoxidase-potassium iodide-hydrogen peroxide assay [2]. The cytolytic effect increased with
chain length without difference between aldehydes and alcohols. β-Amyloid peptide 25-35 aggregates determine
erythrocyte lysis by formation of pores in membrane [3]. At micromolar concentrations, parropolyenes inhibited lysis.
These compounds may interact with the erythrocyte membrane and with β-amyloid peptide 25-35, decreasing pore
formation. Increased chain length increased the inhibitory effect. In all assays the effects were concentration
dependent. To conclude, in all assays the increasing of chain length significantly increases the activity while the
aldehydic function only contributes to cell growth inhibition. The shown properties suggest further investigations for the
pharmacological use of some of these compounds.
References: 1. Halliwell B. et al. Methods Biochem. Anal. 33, 59, 1988. 2. Mc Faul S.J., Everse J. Methods Enzymol. 132, 491,
1986. 3. Mattson M.P. et al. Brain Res. 771, 147, 1997.
P085- CLINICAL TRIAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS TROFIN/BIOTROFER FOR THE
TREATEMENT OF ANEMIA IN CANCER PATIENTS
Aznar GEa, González HRa, Catalá Mb, Barroso Eb, González Mc, Díaz BYc
a
Centro Nacional de Biopreparados, BioCen. Apartado 6048 Habana 6. bCIMEQ. Centro de investigaciones Médico
Quirúrgica. Ciudad de la Habana. Cuba. Y Hospital Iván Portuondo San Antonio de los Baños. Habana.Cuba. cLab.
Reconstituyente Centro Nacional de Biopreparados, BioCen, La Habana, Cuba.
Introduction: Cancer diseases have the high mortality in the word. In Cuba is also important problem. The
physiological nutritional requirement in cancer patients is very important, because in these patients there are the
negative influences on hematological and immunological function. Most the studies on the association between
nutrient and cancer showed that cancer patients with chemical and radio therapy treatment need nutritional
supplementation, because this therapy decreased some hematological and immunological response. In Cancer
patients the hemoglobin decreased during and after with chemical and radio therapy. The objective is the study was a
112
FAPRONATURA 2006
evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of Trofin solutions in cancer patients with iron deficiency anaemia. Materials
and methods: Studies were performed with 90 cancer patients. Clinical trial protocols follow the principles for Good
Clinical Practices. The patients were distributed in 2 groups with Trofin and Control. Hematological indicator was
studied before and after the treatment administrations. Results: The efficacy was 93.35 %; These patients increasing
the hemoglobin’s to 110 g/L, with significatively difference with control patients .In the control group only the 7, 14 %
Increasing the Hemoglobin. The Comparative Clinical Trials between Trofin and control ( enough Trofin ) showed the
following advantages of this Trofin in these one none adverse reaction These results showed that natural iron has high
solubility and absorption. An increase in serum leukocytes and plattelets was demonstrated. These results demonstrate
Trofin can improve the function of cellular immunity. The comparative between Trofin and control showed in these patients
immunoestimulations reaction, these result is an advantages of this Trofin in these one none adverse reaction these
results showed that natural iron has high solubility and absorption. Conclusions: The Trofin can be used for
preventive and therapeutically antianemic effects in cancer patients; its use them before and during the chime an
radiotherapy treatment for maintain the normal value hemoglobin.
P086- IRON ABSORTION AND EFFICACY THE
TROFIN/BIOTROFER AND DIFFERENT FORMULATIONS
ANTIANEMICS
IRON
HEM
González HR, Aznar GE
Centro Nacional de Biopreparados, BioCen. Apartado 6048 Habana 6, La Habana, Cuba.
Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Introduction: Report from the WHO estimates that 46% of the world’s 5- to 14-year-old children are anemic; 48% of
the world’s pregnant women are anemic due to iron deficiency The iron absorption is carefully regulated for maintain
an equilibrium between absorption and body iron. There are two abortions way: Ferric iron is absorbed via integrin
and mobilferrin pathways. Ferrous iron uptake is facilitating by DMT-1. Other factors are the amino acids and peptides
present in the formula. Inter-organ transport and uptake of nonheme iron is largely performed by the complex
transferring-transferring receptor system. Moreover, the discovery of cytoplasmic iron regulatory proteins (IRPs) has
provided a molecular framework from which we understand the coordination of cellular iron homeostasis. The low
absorption and biodisponibility with iron salts is the cause of several adverse reactions. Mechanisms and iron sources
for news products with high absorption and tolerability. Materials and Methods: The new product of the natural iron
(hem) was obtained (Trofin/Biotrofer), with composition about minerals (natural iron) proteins, peptides, and bee
honey. Clinical trials were studied and hemoglobin and serum iron were measured during studies. Results:
Trofin/Biotrofer contains natural iron hem in a medium composed of proteins and amino acids. These elements make
it highly solubility that influence iron absorption. Acute Toxicity, Repeat Dose trials with rats and mice were done. The
toxicological and repeat dose trials showed a homogeneous dose-response pattern with a high level of safety. Trofin and
Neotrofin provides great clinical-hematological improvements (>90%) in a period of time which is shorter than that given by
other anemia drugs (30-60 days). The clinical trial showed hemoglobin and iron serum concentration was significantly
higher after the treatment. Similar result was obtained with tablet formulations. Conclusions: Iron-containing proteins
and amino acids have essential roles in the iron absorption and make high solubility, absorption, biodisponibility,
efficacy and tolerance.
P087- HEMATOPOIETIC ACTIVITY OF Smilax aristolochiaefolia in vitro AND in vivo
Velasco R, González C, Tapia R, Román R
Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana- Iztapalapa. México, D. F. 09340.
In Mexican traditional medical practice, Smilax aristolochiaefolia (Liliaceae), is empirically used against tumors,
leprosy, anemia and as a tonic. Although this plant is used as antiamenic, there is not scientific information about its
hematopoietic properties. Then, we prepared water, methanol, chloroform and hexane extracts from pulverized roots
by heating for 3 hours at reflux temperature. 0.1 ml of dilutions of 0.4, 0.2, 0.1 and 0.05 g/mL were added to cultures of
bone marrow and spleen cells (only 0.4, 0.2 g/mL) of CD1 strain male mice aged 8 to 12 weeks. Cell cultures were
incubated at 37°C for 72 hours, and cells were counted using an hemocytometer. Aqueous and methanolic extracts
113
FAPRONATURA 2006
were administered orally at a single daily dosage of 0.8, 0.4 0.2 and 0.1 g/mL to groups of 10 mice. A control group
received saline solution only. Forty eight hours after the last dose was administered, erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets
and nucleated bone marrow cells (femoral) were counted. Doses of 0.4 y 0.2 g/mL of aqueous extract increased 2 y
1.4 times the cell concentration on bone marrow cultures, respectively, while methanol extract stimulated the cell
proliferation at the four doses tested as compared with control cultures (p<0.01). On the other hand, chloroform and
hexane extract did not stimulate the cell proliferation. Water and methanol extracts at doses of 0.4 and 0.2 g/mL
increased 3 and 1.9 times and 5.7 y 5 times, respectively cell concentration in spleen cells cultures. On the other
hand, aqueous extract at dose of 0.8 increased the concentration of erythrocytes in vivo and significative increases in
hemoglobin and hematocrit values (p<0.01) at doses tested. Methanol extract increased erythrocytes at all doses
(p<0.001). No effect was observed on leucocytes and platelet concentration. Water and methanol extracts were
hematopoietic in vitro, but only methanol extract was erythropoietic.
P088- Ginkgo biloba SAFETY ISSUE: COAGULATION
Gori La, Firenzuoli Fa, Lombardo Gb
a
Centre of Natural Medicine, S.Giuseppe Hospital. Via Paladini 1, 50053 Az USL 11. Empoli, Italy. bDepartment of
Internal Medicine. Az USL 11. Empoli, Italy. E-mail: [email protected]
Ginkgo biloba is one of the most used medicinal plants in the world and there are some concerns about its safety
about for potential anticoagulant and anti-aggregant activity. In our department we tested in 16 patients, mean age 42
y.o. (range 25-72 y.o) not suffering of hematological pathologies or supposed diseases that could alter coagulation
parameters, potential anti-aggregant and anticoagulant activity of a Ginkgo biloba standardized extract at the dose of
240 mg daily. In these patients that were not assuming other drugs neither herbal extracts was tested blood
coagulation (PT,PTT, red cells and platelets count, INR and platelets aggregability) before and 1 month after
assumption of Ginkgo biloba. In one patient there were spontaneous alterations of coagulation and so was excluded
from the study and referred to a hematologist. In all other 15 patients there was not any modification of coagulation
and platelet aggregability parameters. We conclude that Ginkgo biloba extract probably cannot be considered a
medicinal plant modifying platelet aggregability and blood coagulating activities in healthy patients. Nevertheless if it
has to be administered for long time patients should undergo a complete coagulative blood test before starting the
treatment to exclude undiagnosed coagulating disorders.
P089- EFFECT OF ROOIBOS TEA ON LIVER DAMAGE INDUCED BY EXPERIMENTAL
TOXIC INJURY
Janega P1,4, Líšková S2,4, Uličná O3, Vančová O3, Greksák M5, Babál P1, Pechánová O4
1
Department of Pathology, 2Department of Pharmacology, 3Pharmacobiochem. Lab. of III. Department of Internal
medicine, School of Medicine Comenius University, 4Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, 5Institute of
Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, SAS, Bratislava, SR, [email protected]
Introduction: Rooibos tea containing wide range of polyphenolic compounds has been documented to exert potent
antioxidant activity. Material and Methods: This study evaluates the effect of Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) tea on
liver damage induced by chronic carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) experimental intoxication. Male Wistar rats were divided
into 4 groups: a control group, a group receiving CCl4 for 6 weeks, a group with free access to Rooibos tea instead of
water supply in the recovery period after 6 weeks of toxicity induction (regression group) and a group that received
Rooibos tea during the toxicity induction (preventive group). The animals were killed after 0, 21 and 42 days following
the toxicity induction period. Results: CCl4 administration led to liver fibrosis and steatosis and an increase of
laboratory parameters typical for liver damage. Parallel tea administration in the preventive group significantly reduced
the fibrosis with a complementary steatosis increase. The decrease of free radicals formation was documented by
malondialdehyde evaluation in the liver tissue. No differences of the decreasing fibrosis levels between the groups
with and without Rooibos tea treatment after 21 and 42 days of recovery was observed. The fibrosis level did not
decrease significantly during the regression period in the groups without the tea administration. NO synthase activity in
the liver was increases by Rooibos administration. Conclusion: It is likely that Rooibos tea compounds can participate
on reduction of the liver damage when given during the intoxication period. The antioxidant activity stimulation of NO
114
FAPRONATURA 2006
synthase activity can explain these effects. One has to recognize that the free radicals may play a not negligible role in
the organism as an important factor of tissue recovery after toxic injury. This can explain the extended healing period
when Rooibos tea was administrated during the recovery period. Supported by VEGA 1/1171/04, 2/6148/26, APVV20-025204.
P090- HEPATIC FIBROSIS IN BILIARY-OBSTRUCTED RATS IS PREVENTED BY GRAPE
SEED EXTRACT TREATMENT
Ozel Y1, Dulundu E1, Topalaoglu U1, Toklu H2, Gedik N3, Ercan F4, Şener G2
1
Haydarpaşa Numune Hospital, Department of 4th Surgery, 2Marmara University, School of Pharmacy, Department of
Pharmacology, 3Kasımpasa Military Hospital, Division of Biochemistry; 4Marmara University, School of Medicine,
Department of Histology-Embriology, Istanbul/Turkey
The aim of this study was to assess the antioxidant and antifibrotic effects of chronic administration of Grape seed
extract (GSE) on liver fibrosis induced by biliary obstruction in rats. Liver fibrosis was induced in male Wistar albino
rats by bile duct ligation and scission (BDL). GSE (50 mg/kg) or saline was administered for 28 days. At the end of the
experiment, rats were killed by decapitation. Serum total biluribin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine
aminotransferase (ALT), TNF-α, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were determined to assess liver functions
and tissue damage respectively. Liver tissues were taken for determination of the free radicals, hepatic
malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, an end product of lipid peroxidation; glutathione (GSH) levels, a key antioxidant; and
myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, as an indirect index of neutrophil infiltration. Hepatic collagen content, as a fibrosis
marker was also determined. Serum AST, ALT, LDH and TNF-α levels were elevated in the BDL group as compared
to control group, while this increase was significantly decreased by GSE treatment. Hepatic GSH levels, significantly
depressed by BDL, were elevated back to control levels in GS -treated BDL group. Increases in tissue MDA levels and
MPO activity due to BDL were reduced back to control levels by GS treatment. Similarly, increased hepatic collagen
content in the BDL rats was reduced to the level of the control group with GS treatment. Since GSE administration
alleviated the BDL-induced oxidative injury of the liver and improved the hepatic structure and function, it seems likely
that GSE with its antioxidant and antifibrotic properties may be of potential therapeutic value in protecting the liver
fibrosis and oxidative injury due to biliary obstruction.
P091- EFECTO DE LOS ALCALOIDES DE Heimia salicifolia (H.B.K.) LINK SOBRE LA
PRESIÓN ARTERIAL
Guzmán. E A, Segura D, Vázquez B
Laboratorio Farmacología, UIICSE FES-Iztacala. UNAM. México CP. 54090. Email: [email protected]
Estudios preliminares del extracto acuoso de Heimia salicifolia (Fam. Lythraceae) mostraron hipotensión en la rata
anestesiada. Objetivo: estudiar el efecto antihipertensivo de los alcaloides aislados de las hojas de Heimia salicifolia.
Métodos: mediante cromatografía en columna y en placa fina se aislaron 4 alcaloides (AL), los cuales se sometieron
a pruebas de coloración específica dando positivo para alcaloides tipo quinolizidina, cuyo Rf fue: AL-1 0.92, AL-2
0.87, AL-3 0.55 y AL-4 0.35. Se utilizaron ratas Wistar macho (250 -300 g), anestesiadas con pentobarbital (45
mg/kg), se registro la presión arterial (PA) de la arteria carótida, se administraron en la vena femoral los AL y/o
angiotensina II (AngII). Se realizaron curvas dosis respuesta a los AL observándose disminución de la PA con la
mezcla y con AL-1, AL-2 y AL-3 dependiente de la dosis. La curva dosis respuesta a AngII (25-125 ng/kg) en
presencia de la mezcla de los AL (MA) y de cada uno de ellos (dosis 2 mg/kg), fue desplazada hacía la derecha. AL2 y AL-3 disminuyeron la respuesta máxima a AngII en 32 y 59.6% respectivamente. Los estudios de reactividad
vascular se realizaron en el riñón aislado perfundido con solución Krebs, precontraidos con fenilefrina 10–3 M y/o LNAME 10–4 M respectivamente. Se realizaron curvas dosis respuesta a acetil colina y a AL-3 (30, 50, 70, 90, 120 y
150 µg) observándose disminución de la PP de manera similar a lo observada con acetil colina, al incubar el riñón
con atropina la relajación se bloqueo Conclusión, el efecto antihipertensor de Heimia salicifolia se debe a la
presencia de los AL tipo quinolizidina, posiblemente por liberación de óxido nítrico.
115
FAPRONATURA 2006
P092- ESTUDIO FITOQUÍMICO DEL EXTRACTO METANÓLICO DE Strothanthus venetus EN
EL SISTEMA CARDIOVASCULAR DE LA RATA ANESTESIADA
Lorenzana-Jiménez M1, García X2, Gijón E2 y Magos Guerrero G A1
1
Departamento de Farmacología y 2Departamento de Fisiología. Facultad de Medicina Universidad Nacional
Autónoma de México. Email: [email protected]
La hipertensión arterial se encuentra entre las 10 primeras causas de muerte en el mundo, por lo que es importante el
desarrollo de nuevos hipotensores. Estudios del extracto metanólico de la planta Struthanthus venetus (Sv), conocida
popularmente como “injerto” (Voucher 33393, Herbario Nacional de México, Instituto de Biología, UNAM), muestran
efectos hipotensores y cardiotóxicos en la rata anestesiada. En anillos sin endotelio obtenidos de la aorta de cobayo
y precontraídos con norepinefrina, el mismo extracto produce efecto vasorelajante. Con el propósito de conocer el
mecanismo de estas acciones y aislar la o las sustancias responsables, se realizó el fraccionamiento del extracto
metánolico de las hojas de Sv. La utilización de cromatografía en columna con soporte de sílica gel y una mezcla de
metanol, acetato de etilo y acetona como eluentes, permitió la obtención de varias fracciones, las cuales fueron
ensayadas en el modelo de presión arterial directa de rata anestesiada. El estudio químico-analítico de las
fracciones, a través de cromatografía en placa fina, mostró una zona responsable de la actividad hipotensora que es
dosis dependiente y del efecto cardiotóxico manifestado por alargamiento del intervalo P-R y aplanamiento de la onda
T del electrocardiograma de la rata. Estos resultados sugieren que el efecto se debe a compuestos solubles en agua,
los cuales pueden separarse por cromatografía de fase normal. El mecanismo responsable del efecto hipotensor, está
relacionado con actividad beta adrenérgica, como previamente lo informamos con el extracto metanólico completo de
las hojas. La elucidación estructural de los compuestos activos se encuentra bajo estudio.
P093- USE OF HOMEOPATHY IN PATIENT WITH STOMATOLOGIC AFFECTIONS
Aguila L, García G
Santo Domingo Policlinic. Independence #201 Santo Domingo, Villa Clara, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected]
The Homeopathy, medicine of the similar one, is a therapeutic medicaments, not pharmacological, reactional, non
actional and a distinctive characteristic in its extreme individualization in the procedure of selection of the remedy to
use in the sick person and it is usually of great specificity (1). The stomatology is not free of its application, in this field it
has been used with satisfactory results in different affections of the buccal cavity and among them the urgencies,
standing out the alveolitis, more frequent complication in the process of cure of the wounds for extraction would jag,
constituting one of the urgencies more painful stomatologics that face the stomatologist in its daily practice. The
present works consist on the treatment of 75 patient alveolitis payees that went to the stomatology service of Santo
Domingo policlinic. To all the patients were carried out a meticulous exam of the buccal cavity to which were indicated
homeopathy medications according to the type of alveolitis. The patients included in the study took previous informed
consent, payees of the illness in ages of 15 to 70 years of both sexes without treatment medicament. The results
demonstrate the effectiveness of the homeopathy in the treatment of the alveolitis being observed that the pain
diminishes or it disappears in the 24 or 48 hours of being appied the medications, the alveolus epitelization begins in a
short time. It demonstrates that the therapy homeopathy is effective in the treatment of the alveolitis whenever the
used medications are it more similar to the symptoms that the patients present.
116
FAPRONATURA 2006
P094- PHYTOPHARMACEUTICALS ON HOMEOPATHIC CLINICAL PRACTICE
Perdomo Delgado Ja, González Pla Eb and Perdomo Alvarez N.c
a
Dirección Provincial de Salud, Sta. Teresa 7905, CP: 40100, Matanzas, Cuba. bHospital “Mario Muñoz”, 154 final,
Reparto Reynold García, CP 40100, Matanzas, Cuba. cCentro Provincial de Medicina Tradicional y Natural “Dr. Mario
Dihigo”, Navia esquina Isabel Primera, Versalles, CP: 40100, Matanzas, Cuba.
Introduction: Homeopathy and Phytotherapy are two major therapeutics classified as Complementary and Alternative
Medicine. Although various considerations, they can be combined when necessary to treat certain conditions. Material
and methods: A total of 38 Clinical Histories from patients treated combining Homeopathy and Phytotherapy were
reviewed to evaluate the characteristics and conditions determining the therapeutic associations. Results:
Phytopharmaceuticals were used to improve various health conditions even when it is more common that patients
receive classical homeopathic single-remedy treatment. The most frequent clinical diagnosis involving combined
treatment were various dermatological infections and other skin diseases (20 patients), peripheral venous insufficiency
(5 patients), and less frequently other diagnosis including high blood pressure, chronic gastroduodenitis, hyperlipemia,
recurrent aphthous disease and allergic rhinitis. Except on patients consulting due to skin infections, where local
applications of Calendula officinalis were associated, and those with peripheral venous insufficiency who received a
“combination” homeopathic formula, phytopharmaceuticals were associated after the Second Prescription. Both,
traditional uses and homeopathic Materia Medica determined the herbal product to select. The most common herbal
medicines were Calendula officinalis (Tincture 20%), Aloe barbadensis (Cream 50%), Citrus aurantifolia (Tincture
20%), Rhizophora mangle plus Honey, Allium sativum (Tincture 20%), Plantago major (Fluid extract) and Passiflora
incarnata (Fluid extract). Only the patient with allergic rhinitis did not improve his condition for he was reevaluated and
a diagnosis of nasal polyps was performed. There was no evidence of drugs interactions or side effects.
Conclusions: Combination of Homeopathy and phytotherapy can be recommended as a treatment option depending
on patient’s requirements.
References: 1. OMS. Estrategias de la OMS sobre Medicina Tradicional. Ginebra: OMS; 2002. 2. Cabieses F. A favor y en contra
del uso de las plantas medicinales. En: Lozoya X. 5 Simposio Internacional de Fitofármacos: Los Fitofármacos en la Clínica
Moderna. México D.F.: IMSS-Farmassa Schwabe; 2001. p. 5-13. 3. The Bourton Goldberg Group. Alternative Medicine. Tiburon:
Future Publishing; 1999. 4. Alonso J. Aplicación de los Fitofármacos en la clínica diaria. . En: Lozoya X. 5 Simposio Internacional de
Fitofármacos: Los Fitofármacos en la Clínica Moderna. México D.F.: IMSS-Farmassa Schwabe; 2001. p. 79-88. 5. Díaz Mastellari
M. En defensa de la Medicina y de su Método Científico. Bogotá: Fotolito e Impresiones Hel; 2005. 6. Demarque D. L´homéopathie
sans masque. Paris: Doin; 1979. 7. Duflo-Boujard O. Traité d´ophtalmologie homéopathique. 2ème éd. Ste-Foy-lès-Lyon: Boiron;
1988.
P095- BACH `S FLAWER THERAPY IN MILD INTERMMITTENT BROCHIAL ASTHMA
Cedeño E, Benítez G, Sierra L
Medical University of Santiago de Cuba. Email: [email protected]
The flower essences constitute a therapeutic system arising from energetic elements of de flower of some plants in a
hidroalcoholic solution. One of the midely knowvered systems is Edward Bach¨s. Who discovered this way of
curation. It includes 39 flower essences, from which the most used is the Rescue Remedy (39).It is related clinically
with emergency situations, stress, anguish and others. Because of the usefulness of natural medications in the
treatment of the multiple affections and the necessity to value the therapeutic effects of much demanded remedies
such as the flower essences. At random, controlled clinical essay was done with Rescue remedy (39) of the
therapeutic system of Bach ¨s flower with the aim to asses. The efficacy in the treatment of quick relief of mild
intermmittent Bronchial Asthma in patients who attended the emergency room (PPU) of Rajayoga in the third trimester
of 2005.Patients were divided into two group (30 patients each) One of the group was treated conventionally
(Bronchodilators) and the other (experimental group) with flower essence 39, 4 drops every 5 minutes until 3 doses.
The independent varialbles assesed were: age, sex, clinical symptoms of the disease and effects of the remedy upon
the symptom. Statistics descriptive and inferencial methods were used. The following results were obtained: At 15
minutes the 98 % of the patients of the studied group improved the symptoms, compared with 53 % in the control
group. Dyspnoea diminished in both gruop 86 % at 5 minutes after treatment. The efficacy of Rescue Remedy was
demonstrated an emergency therapy in the patients studied
117
FAPRONATURA 2006
P096- FLORAL PRESCRIPTION DETECTION BY KINESEOLOGY
Rodríguez de la Torre, E
Complejo Interdisciplinario de Salud, La Habana, Cuba. Email: [email protected]
Introduction: The revaluation of the western world about the kindness of the natural medicine has happened in a
holistic approach of the man cataloguing it like a bioenergetics unit harmoniously interrelated with the universal power
field, standing out between the diagnostics practices before the imbalances the Kinesiology developed by the Austrian
scientist Raphael Van Assche, who offers a method by means of muscular reflections of the arms known like "arm
reflex" (AR), like an answer given stimuli to the subject. Materials and Methods: using the Kinesiology to indicate the
best prescription of floral essences we made a prospective study during three months with one hundred divided
patients in two groups of 50 subjects each one, in the consultation of Bioenergetics Therapies of the CACSO Sta.
Rosa de Lima, in Peru, being prescribed the first group by means of verbal conventional test; and the second group
with the thrown thing by Kinesiology when responding to the floral essences of the set of 39 flowers of Edgard Bach,
that placed in groups of five bottles of mothers’ essences on the plexus to pave of the subjects caused an AR like
answer to the inter-performance by bio-psicosonance body-flower. Results: the main findings reflect remarkable
differences between groups both. The testing group improved considerably in a 60%; and the group prescribed by
Kinesiology a 97% sent satisfactorily. Conclusions: on the basis of the reached results evidence that the application
of the Kinesiology even serves like bioenergetics diagnosis for the indication as the floral essences that harmonize
with the patient, indicating the necessary metering, becoming as well extraordinary instrument in the natural product
investigation
P097- PRECLINICAL PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF A SOFT EXTRACT AND OINTMENTS
OF Petiveria alliacea L
Ochoa Pacheco Aa , Gross Fernández Cb, Armas Corría Aa and Gutiérrez Fonseca YGa
a
Pharmacy Department, Naturals Sciences Faculty, Oriente University (a), Address: Patricio Lumumba s/n Street and
Av. Las Américas, Alt. Quintero; Post Code 90500, Santiago de Cuba City, Cuba. bFaculty # 1 of Medic Sciences (b),
Address: Av. Las Américas Street and E, Fomento neigbordhood; Post Code 90100, Santiago de Cuba City, Cuba. Email: [email protected], [email protected].
Introduction: Psoriasis constitutes a health problem, due to its high incidence rate and the deficit of existing drugs for
its treatment, these are the motives for designing this investigation, with the proposition of using a herbal drug from the
plant specie Petiveria alliacea L. (anamú); for the intended treatment of this condition, after completing all the studies
which are established by the Critical Route of Investigation in Medicinal Plants of the Ministry of Public Health of Cuba.
Materials and methods: A Preclinical Pharmacological Evaluation I of the anti-inflammatory action of the soft extract
(active principle) and ointments elaborated from the leaves of this plant specie was carried out. A Model of Biological
Valuation: Sub-plantar oedema by carrageenan was used in male Sprague Dawley rats. The soft extract was
administered by intraperitoneal injection using doses of 2000, 4000 and 6000 mg/kg of body weight and the ointments
by topical application at concentrations of the 10, 30 and 50 % of the active principle. The positive controls utilized
were: Indomethacin suspension 10 mg/kg of body weight and niflumic acid ointment 3 %, respectively. Three groups
of rats were selected aleatorially according to the compounds evaluated and at the same time each of these groups
was divided into three subgroups consisting of 6 animals each. Results: The soft extract at the three doses tested and
the ointments at the concentrations of 30 and 50 % possess effective anti-inflammatory activity, the ointment of 10 %
gave negative results. Conclusions: The best anti-inflammatory efficacy is achieved with the highest doses and
concentrations tested without showing external signs of toxicity, this is similar with the positive controls.
118
FAPRONATURA 2006
P098- ANTIRUST VITAMIN DEFICIENCY IN DIET OF ADOLESCENTS LIKE RISK FACTOR
OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Martorell-González N, Torres-Hernández MR
Policlínico Universitario “Dr. Jorge Ruis Ramírez” Ciudad de la Habana Cuba, Hosp. Clínico Quirúrgico “Hermanos
Ameijeiras” Ciudad de La Habana Cuba. Email: [email protected].
We made a cross-sectional study in 130 adolescents of 14 - 17 years, of both sexes, students, to determine the
antirust in the blood and obtained vitamin concentrations by means of the diet, and its association with dietetic and the
measures. After the consent informed into the adolescents blood samples were taken to determine vitamin E, C and
carotenoid totals and were interviewered to determine the frequency of the consumption of these vitamins in the diet
and they were measuring. According to the biochemistry results classify of high risk for the Vitamin E concentrations
24.6% of the adolescents, for carotenoid 47.8% and Vitamin C 23.6%. As sources of natural origin of these antirust
ones we have of Vitamin A: orange, carrot, spinach, lettuce, pumpkin, sweet potato, fruit pump, handle, cucumber,
banana, Indian corn, yucca, tangerine, radish, parsley, pepper and kidney bean, of Vitamin E: oil of soy bean, Indian
corn, peanut, sunflower, pea, chick-peas, lentils, avocado, spinach, and of Vitamin C: cashew nut, cucumber, guava,
fruit pump, beet, handle, tangerine, onion, mamey, tomato and star apple. If to these the obtained percentage of
moderate risk is added to him, the numbers increase. The food ingestion was low for vitamin E and C, which supports
the deficiencies found in the blood. The measures did not show association with the deficiencies of found vitamins.
Some recommendations were set out.
P099- ERIDAL®. ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY OINTMENT MADE OUT OF OIL
EXTRACTS FROM LEMMON GRASS (Cymbopogon citratus)
Vidal R, Vidal E
University of Granma. High-Road Bayamo-Manzanillo, Km. 17, Bayamo, Granma, Cuba.
Emails: [email protected], [email protected]
Introduction: Eridal® is the commercial name for an analgesic and anti-inflammatory ointment made out of oil
extracts from Lemmon grass (Cymbopogon citratus). Lemmon Grass has been widely used in Cuban Traditional
medicine due to its therapeutic properties to treat several illnesses, both internal and external. This paper summarizes
the results from several comprehensive researches that lead to the making of a topic drug adjuvant in the treatment of
hypertension, headaches, insect stings, odontalgia, lumbago and other muscle pains. Materials and Methods: The
ointment is made out of Lemmon grass essential oil extracted from the leaves by steam distillation the process defines
the main physical and chemical parameters of the essential oil such as: density, index of refraction, content of citral as
well as other organoleptic characteristics (Pharmacopoeia USP XVI). Results: The effectiveness of this ointment was
confirmed by clinical trials carried out in 5 clinics and hospitals from different Cuban provinces in 20000 patients. As a
result the ointment was approved for usage in the above mentioned pathologies by the CECMED.
P100- EFFECTS OF A MIXTURE OF FATTY ACIDS FROM SUGAR CANE (Saccharum
officinarum L.) WAX OIL IN INFLAMMATION
Ledón N1, Casacó A1, Remírez D2, González A1, Cruz J3, González R3, Capote A3, Tolón Z3, Rojas E3, Rodríguez
VJ3, Merino N4,. Rodríguez S3, Ancheta O3, Cano M3
1
Centro de Inmunología Molecular. Calle 216 y 17 Playa. 2Centro Estatal para el Control de la Calidad de los
Medicamentos. Calle 200 No. 1706 e/ 17 y 19. Reparto Siboney. Playa. 3Centro Nacional de Investigaciones
Científicas. Ave 25 y 158. Playa. 4Centro de Química Farmacéutica. 200 y 21, Atabey, Playa, Ciudad de La Habana,
Cuba
A mixture of fatty acids obtained from sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum L.) wax oil, (FAM) in which the main
constituents are palmitic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids, was evaluated in two models of inflammation: zymosaninduced arthritis and in the tail test for psoriasis, both on mice. In the first model, FAM significantly reduced zymozan119
FAPRONATURA 2006
induced increase of β glucuronidase (DE50 90 ± 7 mg/kg). Histopathological studies showed inhibition in cellular
infiltration and reduction of synovial hyperplasia and synovitis, whereas in the second test, histopathological and
ultrastructural studies showed that topical application of FAM induced orthokeratosis with the presence of keratohyalin
granules in the previously parakeratotic adult mouse-tail, and without effects on epidermal thickness The ED50 of FAM
in this model was 155 ± 10 mg. The results of our studies showed that topical application of FAM exerts an important
anti-inflammatory activity in both tests without evidence of irritant effects. The anti-inflammatory effects exerted by
FAM may be due to its inhibitory effects on arachidonic acid metabolism. To our knowledge, this is the first report on
the anti-inflammatory effect of sugar cane by-products in experimental models of arthritis and psoriasis.
P101- PHARMACOLOGIAL PRE-CLINICAL EVALUATION OF Isocarpha cubana BLAKE
Peña D1, Montes de Oca N1, Rojas S1, Parra A2, García G3
1
Facultad de Ciencias Médicas “Dr. Zoilo Marinello Vidaurreta”. Las Tunas. 2Laboratorio Provincialde Medicamentos.
Las Tunas. 3Laboratorios LIORAD. Centro de Estudios para las Investigaciones y Evaluaciones Biológicas (CEIEB).
Instituto de Farmacia y Alimentos. Universidad de La Habana, Cuba.
Introduction: The common chamomile (Isocarpha Cubana Blake) is a plant commonly used by our population. It has
the same properties scientifically tested on the sweet chamomile (Matricaria Recutita, L.). A few studies have been
related to it and none has demonstrated that the plant has the properties attributed to it. A preliminary
pharmacognostic study dealt favorably with the possible similarities of both plants. It was the basis that determined the
study of its pre-clinical pharmacological effects. Materials and methods: The anti-inflammatory action was evaluated
by means of the model of induced inflammation by carrageenan, which values the acute effect. It was completed with
the two other models of inflammation: that of granuloma to evaluate the chronic effect of the extract and that of
auricular edema to evaluate the topic anti-inflammatory action of the cream. Taking into account the wide use of this
plant by our population as an anti-diarrheic and digestive medication, its effect on the intestinal duct was also studied.
Results: The fluid extract diminished the percentage of acute inflammation produced by carrageenan in three dose
levels, being this dose effect dependent and similar to that of indomethacin. In the same way, it inhibited significantly
the production of granulomatous tissue in the model of chronic inflammation. However, the chamomile cream at 5 %
was not able to diminish, in a topic way, the inflammatory effect produced by the croton oil. While studying its activity
on the intestinal tract the extract acted out as an anti-diarrheic medication, being able to decrease the laxative effect of
glycerin. Conclusions: The fluid extract of the common chamomile demonstrated to have acute and chronic antiinflammatory action as well as anti-diarrheic effect while the chamomile cream at 5 % did not have anti-inflammatory
effect in a topic way.
P102- APOPTOSIS AND FOOD-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS: THERAPEUTIC STRATEGY
FOR RHEUMATOID AND OSTEOARTHRITIS
Farid-Badria A1 and Fathy El-Batoty M2
1
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, 2Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of
Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516 Egypt. Email: [email protected]
The present study was designed to investigate the possible involvement of apoptosis of blood neutrophils in normal
subjects, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) patients with and without addition of some selected natural
products. This study was conducted on 30 normal volunteers and 85 patients; 55 cases with RA (active and inactive)
and 30 cases with OA of the knee. Blood neutrophils were prepared, cultured, and incubated for 24, 48 and 72 hours
in medium with and without 27 selected flavonoids and related phenolic compounds commonly abundant in many
foods and medicinal plants. Both morphology and DNA fragmentation methods assessed the percentage of
neutrophils apoptosis in each culture. There was significant increase of the percentage of apoptotic cells with aging in
culture medium from normal subjects, RA and OA patients. In RA patients, there was inhibition of neutrophils
apoptosis in comparison to normal subjects and OA patients in whom inflammatory response is less than in RA
patients. There was no significant difference in the percentage of apoptotic cells between active and inactive RA
patients. Aflavins proved to be the most active group, especially theaflavin-3-3'-digallate. On the other hand,
120
FAPRONATURA 2006
isoflavones showed to be the least active group in this study. All glycosides showed lower activity than their
corresponding aglycones. The position and number of either methoxy or hydroxyl groups in all tested compounds
showed significant effect on apoptosis.
P103- AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF Uncaria tomentosa (CAT'S CLAW) AMELIORATES OZONE
INDUCED INFLAMMATION
Cisneros FJ1 & Jayo M2
1
Charles River Laboratories - Pennsylvania. 905 Sheehy Drive, Horsham, PA19044. 2Tengion, Inc. Winston-Salem,
NC 27103. Email: [email protected] or [email protected]
Background & Significance: Uncaria tomentosa (UT) is woody climbing shrub member of the Rubiaceae family. UT
is indigenous to the tropical Amazonian rainforest (extending from Honduras to Bolivia). In Spanish, UT is called “Uña
de Gato”, because of its characteristic thorns which resemble a cat’s claw. Traditionally, UT is used as an herbal “folk”
remedy to prevent and/or treat several inflammatory disorders. Environmental airway exposure to ozone (O3) has
been associated with respiratory tract diseases that affect function and cause inflammation. Consequently, we
designed an experiment to 1) characterize O3-induced lung inflammation in mice, and 2) test the efficacy of an UT
concoction in preventing O3-induced lung inflammation in mice. Materials & Methods: O3-induced lung inflammation
in the mouse model was evaluated using several endpoints that included: total protein levels in bronchoalveolar lavage
fluid (BALF), BALF cytological smears, and microscopic histopathology and morphometry. These endpoints were then
used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of UT. An aqueous UT extract was prepared and given to male mice 8
days prior to exposure to O3. Then, the mice were killed at 0 and 8 hrs post-exposure. Results: O3 inhalation caused
increased BALF protein levels and an acute pneumonitis characterized by high numbers of infiltrating neutrophils, both
at 0 and 8 hrs post-exposure. Compared to untreated controls, UT-treated mice had significantly (p < 0.05) lower
BALF protein levels, a lesser degree of bronchiolar epithelial necrosis, a greater number of morphologically intact
epithelial cells, and lower numbers of luminal neutrophils. Conclusions: In the mouse model, acute exposure to O3
inhalation causes a reproducible pneumonitis and bronchiolitis. Drinking an aqueous UT extract for 8 days prior to O3
exposure prevented the inflammatory changes associated with O3- exposure.
P104- THE MARINE PLANT Thalassia testudinum POSSESSES ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND
ANALGESIC PROPERTIES
Llanio M1, Fernandez MD1, CabreraB1, Bermejo P2, Abad MJ2, Payá M3, Alcaraz MJ3
1
Bioproducts Marine Center, Loma y 37 Cuba. 2Pharmacology Dept. Madrid Complutense University, Spain.
Pharmacology Dept. Valencia University, Spain. E-mail: [email protected]
3
The natural marine compounds represent a source of new chemical structures (Payá et al, 1993) and of
pharmacological substances with anti-inflammatory activity that will allow to deepen in the knowledge of the
inflammatory process and in novel mechanisms of action of therapeutic agents. In this work we carry out the study of a
extract of a marine plant present in the Cuban coast, Thalassia testudinum (Tt) with the objective of detecting antiinflammatory and analgesic effects by carrageenan paw oedema, croton oil mouse ear oedema, phospholipase A2
inhibition (PLA2), cyclo-oxigenase inhibition (COX) and writhing tests. Three obtained fractions of these extract were
also evaluated in the assay of croton oil-induced ear oedema, PLA2 inhibition, COX inhibition and writhing test. The
extract obtained from the Tt plant demonstrated an inhibitory effect in the carragenan paw oedema. It also
demonstrated inhibitory effect over PLA2 and COX enzyme. Chloroform and butanolic fractions also inhibited mouse
ear oedema assay, and COX enzyme, but only the chloroform fraction inhibited the PLA2 enzyme. The extract,
butanolic and aqueous fractions inhibited writhing test. We can conclude that as much the extract, the chloroform and
butanolic fractions present anti-inflammatory properties and the extract and two of the fractions show analgesic effect.
Reference: Payá, M., Ferrándiz, M. L., Sanz, M. J., Bustos, G., Blasco, R., Rios, J. L., and Alcaraz, M. J. (1993) Study of the
antioedema activity of some seaweed and sponge extracts from the mediterranean coast in mice. Phytother. Res. 7, 159-162.
121
FAPRONATURA 2006
P105- Stypopodium zonale: A MARINE ALGA WITH ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, ANALGESIC
AND ANTI-OXIDANT EFFECTS
Fernández MDa, Llanio Ma, Cabrera Ba, Bermejo Pb, Abad MJb, Payá Mc and Alcaraz MJc
a
Marine Bioproducts Center. Havana. Cuba. bDept. of Pharmacology. Faculty of Pharmacy. University Complutense of
Madrid. cDept. of Pharmacology. Faculty of Pharmacy. University of Valencia. Spain.
Compounds with anti-inflammatory effects have been obtained from marine organisms such as sponges,
coelenterates and algae. A representative compound obtained from algae, due to its great number of properties, is
epitaondiol that inhibits phospholipase A2 enzyme (PLA2) and the formation and/or liberation of prostaglandins and
leucotriens. Another anti-inflammatory compound also isolated from a marine algae is pacifenol that, besides the
above mentioned, inhibits the formation of reactive species of oxygen. Considering these results we carried out the
study of an extract obtained from Stypopodium zonale, present in the Cuban coasts, with the aim to know if it presents
anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antioxidant properties and the possible mechanisms of action for these effects. For
these, we used different in vivo tests like croton oil and arachidonic acid mouse ear oedema and writhing induced by
acetic acid, as well as in vitro inhibition test as phospholipase A2 (PLA2), ciclooxigenase (COX) and superoxide
dismutase (SOD) enzymatic activities, and lipid peroxidation (TBA). Our results showed that the extract inhibits the
mouse ear oedema induced by both compounds: the PLA2 obtained from bee poison and from human recombinant
source, the writhing induced by acetic acid, the lipoperoxidation, showing, also, mimetic SOD activity. The extract
showed anti-inflammatory activity in models related with prostaglandins and leukotrienes formation. We can conclude
that the Stypopodium zonale extract presents anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antioxidant properties.
P106- MONITORING OF INFLAMMATION ALLEGIC AND AIRWAY REMODELING MARKERS
IN TWO ASTHMATIC PATIENTS TREATED WITH VIMANG® CAPSULES
Alvarez A1, Sanchez C1, Rodriguez J1, Lemus Y1, Jane A2, Izquierdo M 3, Delgado R1
1
Department of Biomedical Research, Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry. 243’s Hospital. 3Center of Surgery Medical
Researches, Cuba. Email: [email protected]
Bronchial Asthma is the allergic disease with a most incidence in Cuba (15%). Regarding the desirable results
obtained in preclinical allergic models with the aqueous stem bark extract of Mangifera indica L, a clinical study was
carried out in two patients with moderate persistent and severe persistent asthma. This extract has been used in Cuba
as a food supplement under the brand name of VIMANG®. Both patients received the same medication, a capsule of
VIMANG® 300 mg c/8h, during three months. Respiratory functional tests were applied to each patient as well as
determinations of parameters related to inflammatory and allergic processes that triggers the pathophysiological
mechanisms involved in the exacerbation of symptoms of bronchial asthma. During the three months of treatment,
three measurements took place at equal intervals of time, al the first at the beginning, the second after one and a half
month, and the third at the end of the experimental period. In both individuals, a significant improvement in the volume
of force expiration in 1s (FEV1) was observed, and the levels of serum of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and eosinophil
cationic protein (ECP), and the enzymatic activity of metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) decreased noticeably; all of them,
important indicators related with inflammatory and allergic processes that occurs in the airways of asthmatic patients.
These results show the effectiveness of VIMANG® as adjuvant in the treatment of bronchial asthma.
122
FAPRONATURA 2006
P107- ACTIVIDAD ANTIINFLAMATORIA Y ANTIMICROBIANA DE Aristotelia chilensis,
ESPECIE NATIVA CHILENA
Delporte C, Torres V, Erazo S, Silva X, Negrete R, Muñoz O, Backhouse N
Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas,
Universidad de Chile.
Introducción: Aristotelia chilensis (Eleaocarpaceae) n.v maqui es un árbol muy abundante que crece en terrenos
húmedos con distribución entre la I y X Región de Chile. La medicina folclórica le atribuye a las hojas propiedades
para aliviar afecciones de garganta y amígdalas. La mayoría de los estudios previos relacionados con esta especie,
son referidos a los frutos, los que son explotados económicamente como alimento y fuente de colorantes. El objetivo
de este estudio fue evaluar las actividades antiinflamatoria y antimicrobiana de los distintos extractos obtenidos desde
las hojas de Aristotelia chilensis, con miras a validar su uso por parte de la medicina folclórica. Resultados previos
sobre la evaluación de la actividad analgésica mostraron que los diferentes extractos obtenidos desde las hojas
exhibieron actividad analgésica. Metodología: después de recolectar las hojas, éstas fueron secadas, molidas y
extraídas en forma sucesiva y hasta total agotamiento con disolventes de polaridad creciente, obteniéndose los
extractos de hexano, diclorometano y metanol. Una vez eliminado totalmente el disolvente, los extractos fueron
sometidos a los ensayos farmacológicos. La actividad antiinflamatoria vía tópica fue evaluada en ratones a los que se
les indujo una inflamación dérmica en la oreja con ácido araquidónico (AA) y 12-decanoilforbol 13-acetato, en ambos
ensayos el extracto fue aplicado 5 min antes del agente inflamatorio. La actividad antimicrobiana se evaluó con el
bioensayo bioautografía. Resultados: en ambos ensayos in vivo, los tres extractos presentaron efectos
antiinflamatorios, siendo el extracto de diclorometano el de mayor actividad antiinflamatoria tópica, 63,9 y 31,5%
frente a TPA y AA respectivamente. Los resultados de la evaluación de la actividad antimicrobiana mostraron un leve
efecto inhibitorio de todos los extractos sobre el crecimiento de S. aureus, B. subtilis y E. coli siendo activos los
extracto de hexano y diclorometano en tanto que el extracto metanólico mostró actividad solamente S. aureus. No
presentaron actividad frente a los hongos C. albicans ni frente a S. cereviseae. Agradecimientos: Proyecto FIA-ES-C2005-1-A-040 y al Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile (ISP) por los animales de experimentación.
P108- ACTIVIDADES ANALGÉSICA Y ANTIMICROBIANA DE Malesherbia auristipulata,
ESPECIE PRE-ANDINA CHILENA
Erazo S, Backhouse N, García R, Zaldívar M, Negrete R, Belmonte E, San Martín A, Rojas O, Delporte C
Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas,
Universidad de Chile.
Introducción: Malesherbia auristipulata Ricardo (Malesherbiaceae), n.v. ají de zorra, es una planta que crece en la I
región de Chile. El género de esta especie es usado para la tos. No se registran estudios químicos ni farmacológicos.
El objetivo de esta investigación fue validar sus usos folclóricos mediante la evaluación de las actividades analgésica
y antimicrobiana de los distintos extractos de esta planta. Metodología: el exudado resinoso fue obtenido con
diclorometano desde la parte aérea de la planta. Posteriormente el marco vegetal fue extraído en forma sucesiva
con disolventes de polaridad creciente, obteniéndose los extractos de hexano, diclorometano y metanol. La actividad
analgésica se determinó in vivo mediante el método de las contorsiones abdominales inducidas por ácido acético y la
actividad antimicrobiana se realizó mediante los métodos de siembra radial y bioautografía. Resultados: el exudado
resinoso y extracto diclorometano exhibieron importantes actividades analgésicas (67,9 y 60,3 % respectivamente).
La actividad analgésica de dos fracciones bioactivas obtenidas desde extracto de diclorometano se debe en parte al
canferol y β-sitosterol. En la evaluación de la actividad antimicrobiana sólo el exudado resinoso presentó actividad
frente a bacterias gram (+): S. aureus, B. subtilis y M flavus a concentraciones de 100 y 200 µg/mL. Todos los
extractos fueron inactivos contra C. albicans. Los compuestos activos fueron una mezcla de ácidos grasos
poliinsaturados constituídos principalmente de ácido γ-linolénico 58,04% (G/MS), con una CMI de 120, 30 y 30 µg/mL
para S. aureus, B. subtilis y M flavus. Agradecimientos: Programa CYTED y al Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile (ISP) por
los animales de experimentación.
123
FAPRONATURA 2006
P109- ISOLATION, PURIFICATION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF POLYSACCHARIDES
FROM CULTURED Ginkgo biloba
RM Yu, CY Yan, LY Song
Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 510632
Guangzhou, China. Email: [email protected]
Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgoaceae) is an ancient Chinese tree has been cultivated and held revered for its health-promoting
properties. The extract of dried leaves of G. biloba can play a role in reducing brain damage [1-3]. A standardized
extrac (EGb 761) of dried leaves of G. biloba, containing 24% ginkgo flavonol glycosides and 6% terpene lactones
such as ginkgolides and bilobalide, was developed by Willmar Schwabe [2]. It has commonly been used in Europe to
treat peripheral vascular and neurological disorders [4]. Based on our previous research [5-6], two polysaccharides
from cultured Ginkgo biloba were isolated and structurally elucidated. The isolation, purification, identification and their
biological activities are reported in this paper. Two polysaccharides, one from the culture solution, another from water
extract of cultured Ginkgo biloba L, were isolated through ethanol precipitation, deproteination and gel-filtration
chromatography. Their molecular weights were determined using gel-filtration chromatography. The structures of
ECPGB-1 and ICPGB-1 were elucidated by sugar analysis, Smith degradation, IR spectroscopy. ECPGB-1 and
ICPGB-1 showed significant anti-inflammatory activity and anoxic protection activity in mice. It is well known that
inflammation and anoxia cause damage to body. The results of the pharmacological study in mice indicate that
ECPGB-1 and ICPGB-1 have anti-inflammatory activities and protective effects on anoxia, which suggests the two
polysaccharides enhance body’s abilities to resist harmful stimulation. The mechanism of their biological activities
needs to be studied further.
References: 1. S. Pierre, I. Jamme, M.T. Droy-Lefaix, A. Nouvelot, J.M. Maixent, Neuro Report 1999; 10: 47. 2. Y. Christen, J.
Costentin, M. Lacour (Eds.), Effects of Ginkgo biloba Extract (EGb 761) on the Central Nervous System, Elsevier, Paris, 1992, p.19.
3. J. Krieglstein, F. Ausmeir, H. Ek-Abhar, K. Lippert, M. Welsch, K. Rupalla, P. Henrich-Noack, Eur. J. Pharmaceut Sci.. 1995; 3: 3948. 4. F.V. DeFeudis (Ed.), Ginkgo biloba Extract (EGb 761): Pharmacological Activities and Clinical Applications, Elsevier, Paris,
1991, p.97, Ch.5. 5. Yu RM, Zhao HL, Zheng YG, et al. Studies on the callus culture of Ginkgo biloba and its metabolitesginkgolides, Chinese Journal of Biotechnology (English edition) 1999; 15(1): 52-58. 6. Yu RM, Zhao HL, Yao XS, et al. The
suspension culture of Ginkgo biloba and the analysis of its secondary metabolites-ginkgolides, Chinese Journal of Biotechnology
1999; 15(2): 207-210.
P110- ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF FLOWER TOPS OF Gentiana Kurroo ROYALE
EXTRACT
Latif A, Khan TF and Afaq SH
Department of Ilml Advia, A.K. Tibbiya College, Faculty of Unani Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002,
India. Email: [email protected]
Gentiana Kurroo Royale (GK) flower tops (Gule-Ghafis) has been traditionally used for the treatment of inflammation,
pain, fever, hepatitis in Unani System of Medicine. The plant was sold in Easter countries under the name Gul-Ghafis
which is Gentiana daliurica Fisch. But sample obtained from the major cities of India were found and identified as
flower tops of Gentiana Kurroo Royale. However this work was aimed at the scientific validation of
ethanopharmacological claim about the anti-inflammatory property of Gentiana Kurroo Royal flower tops extract. Airdried flower tops of GK were blended to a fine powder extracted with 50% ethanol. The phytochemical screening,
quantitative estimation (%) TLC and anti-inflammatory screening were investigated. The study was carried out on
Wister rats of either sex. Animals were divided into three groups of six each. Rat paw edema induced by Carrageenan
0.1 ml of 1% carrageenan in 0.9% NaCl was administered into planter surface of right hind paw. The experimental
groups-I was fed with extract in the dose of 1000 mg/ kg body weight, the animal in group-II served as control group
and administered with 20 ml/ kg distilled water while standard drug Diclofenac sodium was given to group-III in the
dose of 5 mg/ kg orally an hour prior to administration of carrageenan. After injection animals were observed and
readings were obtained for each rat at 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 minutes with the aid of Plethysmometer. The
percentage of inhibition for each rats were calculated by the formula of New Bould (1963). The phytochemical
screening was revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, free phenols, sterols/ terpens. Percentage
estimated as alkaloid 0.33 ± 0.02, phenols 2.9 ± 0.07, sterols/ terpens 1.35 ± 0.01, flavonoid 0.34 ± 0.24 were found.
Thin layer chromatography of flavonoid fraction showed Robinetin-0, Luteolin, Apigenin, Kaempferol and Kaempferid.
124
FAPRONATURA 2006
The effect of extract of flower tops of GK showed a maximum anti-inflammatory effect about 68.58% (p < 0.01) at 180
min. while the anti-inflammatory effect of Diclofenac sodium reached a maximum 70.58% (p < 0.01) at 180 min. The
results indicate that the flower tops of GK posses anti-inflammatory activity against inflammation induced by carrageen
an in acute phase. Thus, this study strongly indicates the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory activity. They may act by the
inhibition of production of prostaglandins, other than this the presence of flavonoids may account for its antiinflammatory pharmacological activity. This pharmacological study is validating the claims of ancient Unani Physicians
regarding the anti inflammatory property of the Gentiana Kurroo Royale flower tops.
P111- PHARMACOLOGICAL, TOXICOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH ON Mangifera
indica L AND MANGIFERIN: BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY WITH SCIENCE CITATION INDEX
Jáuregui-Haza Ua, Domínguez-Mesa MIa, Valdés-González Mb, Izquierdo-González M
a
Centro de Química Farmacéutica (CQF). 200 y 21, Apdo. 16042, Atabey, Playa, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba.
Consultoría Biomundi. Calle 200 1922 e/ 19 y 21, Apdo. 16015, Atabey, Playa, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba. cCentro
de Investigaciones Médico-Quirúrgicas (CIMEQ). 216 y 13, Apdo. 6096, Siboney, Playa, Ciudad de La Habana. Cuba.
b
Introduction: The recent research on Mangifera indica and mangiferin, one of the main metabolites present in mango
tree, has awaken the interest of international scientific community starting from the results related to therapeutics
properties attributed to this specie. The aqueous extract of Mangifera indica L. is widely used in Cuban traditional
medicine and several preclinical studies and clinical evidences of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and potentially
immunomodulatory activity of this extract have been reported. The purpose of present work is to show the impact of
published results about Mangifera indica L. and mangiferin. Material and methods: The registered information in the
data base Science Citation Index from 1997-2005 was analyzed. Results The number of scientific articles on
Mangifera indica and mangiferin has systematically increase during last 8 years, from 10 in 1997 to 76 in 2005. Among
the countries with the highest amount of publications are India, United States of America, Australia, Brazil and Cuba.
Even the greater part of papers are related to the culture of the plant, it can be observed an increase in
pharmacological and toxicological investigations as well as in topics on medicinal chemistry, biochemistry and
molecular biology. The reports about antioxidant activity of Mangifera indica's extract, including the first clinical
evidences in controlled clinical trials, and about anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of Mangifera indica
and mangiferin are among the more relevant results. An analysis of main directions to which future development of
pharmaceutical and nutraceutical formulations will be addressed, as well as the perspective of the preparation of
functional foods with the extract of Mangifera indica, mangiferin or other metabolites present in this specie has been
discussed.
P112- THE MEDICINAL PLANTS AND NATURAL PRODUCTS NATIONAL CENTER
INFORMATION AS PROMOTER OF THE RATIONAL USE OF THE NATURAL MEDICINE
Echavarria M, López R, Ferrer Y, Casado C, Miranda M
Lisa. Havana. Cuba. E-mail: [email protected]
Now a days, the use of medicinal plants and their pharmaceutical preparations is bigger every time, that is why it is
necessary the development of programs that guarantee the formation of the whole health personnel and patients in
the correct employment of the same ones and of the phytomedicines, it has being necessary to enlarge the
objectives and the profile of the medications information centers or simply the creation of centers specialized in this
line like it is our case. Presently work will approach the different investigation lines developed in the medicinal plants
national center information of the Experimental Pharmacy of the PFI (Pharmacy and Foods Institute), which takes 6
months in operation, carrying out tasks of sanitary education with the participation in activities directed toward specific
groups of patient, particularizing in hypertens, diabetics and people with dysfunctions hematologics . Not only the
promotion and education in health activities but also clinical studies have been developed with some
phytomedicaments such as Cane Santa dye (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf), cañandonga syrup (Cassia grandis
L.), etc., sow this way we can detect the main problems related with this therapeutic variant employment. Starting from
125
FAPRONATURA 2006
these results they have been developed a group of activities directed to fomenting a culture on the medicinal plants
rational use where the pharmacist's paper as dispenser has been shown. Generally we have given solution to a total
of 65 queries of those which 37 were professionals of the health and 19 to the population, of them 62 they have been
of the capital and 3 of the rest of the provinces.
P113- A WEB SITE OF THE PHARMACOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF THE Allium sativum L
(GARLIC)
López Ma, García Oa, Yera Yb, Rodríguez Ab, Hernández LCb
a
Municipal Main Pharmacy #691,. Fructuoso Rodríguez #114A, Santo Domingo, Villa Clara, PC 53000, Cuba.
Calculation Center, Sugar Company George Washington, Batey Washington, Santo Domingo, Villa Clara, PC 53500,
Cuba, E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
b
The resurgence of the medications starting from natural sources has shown the big therapeutic values of many plants.
The wide use that at the moment have these, it implies a constant upgrade of the professionals of the health. For it
was made it a WEB site on the Alluim sativum L (garlic), one of the most used traditional plants and that it is also
recognized in the world by the numerous therapeutic properties that are attributed. The WEB site will serve as
consultation material, the Dreamweaver was used for its edition, and the site can be visualized with Internet Explorer
4.0. In these different WEB pages are included for the thematic ones approached: Generalities of the Allium sativum L,
Chemical Composition, Uses in Traditional Medicine and Pharmacological Properties (fibrinolitic and platelet antiaddictive, hypoglyceric, cardioprotective, hypotensive, anti-rust, anti-cancerigenic, antibacterial, anti-parasitic,
antifungal and antiviral). To guarantee the upgrade of the topics 133 bibliographic references of the last 5 years were
revised.
P114- THE INFORMATION OF PATENT DOCUMENTS FOR THE
DEVELOPMENT IN NATURAL PRODUCTS. THE CASE OF SOLANESOL
RESEARCH
&
Valdés-González M
Consultoría Biomundi, calle 200, No 1022, e/ 19 y 21, Atabey, Playa, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba.
The documents of patents constitute one of the available information resources that can help in the R&D of the natural
products. However, this type of documents is very little used for such ends. The patents protect the technical
patrimony and to help to stimulate the innovative capacity of the companies. They offer technical information never
before disclosed in another means. By means of the consultation of the patent documents is avoided the parallel
development and duplicity of efforts in the investigation, because with alone to make a consultation to these many
centers of R&D the researchers would verify that their problems have already been solved previously or they could
find solution to reorient their investigations or simply to find a possible partner. To corroborate some of the previous
positions was carried out a study of the patents bibliographical information of the databases Espacenet and Delphion
related with the solanesol. This compound is a natural product obtained from the Solanaceae family, fundamentally
from tobacco. In the study is determined the companies and more innovative inventors, the main lines of R&D
(including the pharmacological evaluation), as well as the technological evolution of solanesol, among other aspects.
Japanese and Chinese companies are those that more has worked in this area. The protected inventions are directed
fundamentally to improve the extraction and purification processes of solanesol, more than to its medical application
and that they have developed novel techniques for the production of the coenzyme Q-10 starting from this compound.
126
FAPRONATURA 2006
P115- USE OF LDE (LEUKOCYTES DIALYZABLE EXTRACT) IN PATIENTS WITH
RESPIRATORY DISEASE
Santos MN, Santos C
ICO Hospital Ramón Pando Ferrer, Hospital Pediátrico del Cerro, Calle 76 y Ave 31, Marianao, Ciudad de La
Habana, Cuba. Email: [email protected]
A high incidence of breathing infections exists in Pediatric patients favored by the states of discordant immunity
characteristic of that age and to the tenacious character of the microorganisms due to the abuse in the use of
the antimicrobianos and other factors related with the environmental changes, etc. The Leukocytes Dializable
Extract (LDE) although their use is known from the last century it is today that we possess in our country
preparation in enough quantities and with quality for boarding del use of this product in the help to patients that
don't respond to the antimicrobial therapy. We present the results obtained in a Descriptive Study carried out in
60 patients between 2 and 14 years with Recurrent Breathing Infections without improvement with conventional
treatments. In all patients were carried out evaluations: Count of immune cells and quantification of
Immunoglobulines besides evaluations microorganism, etc. before and 1 month after having concluded the
treatment besides clinical evaluations of the patients every 15 days and whenever they needed it. The doses of
utilized LDE went from 1 to 2 daily units during the acute phase spending later on to 1 weekly unit for 8 weeks.
The answer was classified as Satisfactory being obtained a decrease of the number of infections by year in more
than 56% of the patients. The adverse effects were local pain in 10% and fever in 6.6% of the cases
P116- NATURAL Neissera DERIVE PROTEOLIPOSOME AND COCHLEATE AS POTENT
VACCINE ADJUVANTS
Pérez O1, Lastre M1, Bracho G1, del Campo J1, Zayas C1, Acevedo R1, Gil D1, Mora N1, González D2, Balboa J1,
Cabrera O1, Cuello C1, Pérez DR1, Barberá R2, Fajardo EF3, Sierra G4, Solís RL5, and Campa C4
1
Immunology, 2Production Vice-presidency, 3Vaccine Adviser, 4Presidency, 5Resarch Vice-presidency, Finlay Institute,
PO Box 16017, Havana City, Cuba. Email: [email protected]
Proteoliposome (PL) and its derivated- Cochleate (AFCo1) contain immunopotentiating properties and delivery system
capacities required for a good adjuvant. In addition, they permit package of multimeric antigens and synergistic PAMP.
Consequently, we hypothesized that PL and AFCo1 will function as good vaccine adjuvants. PL is a detergentextracted outer membrane vesicle from live Neisseria meningitidis B and can be transforming into AFCo1 in calcium
environment. Both are produced at industrial scale and control at Finlay Institute under GMP conditions1-4. PL and its
AFCo1 have exceptional characteristics because they: (1) combine in the same structure the potentiator activity, the
polarizing agents, and the delivery system capacities; (2) exhibit multimeric copies (repetition of porins and other
proteins); (3) contain multiprotein composition (Hmbr, FrpB, PorA, PorB, rmpM, Opc, Opa, SpA, etc.); (4) contain multi
PAMP components (LPS, porins, phospholipids, DNA, etc); (5) contain synergistic PAMPs-TLRs interactions (TLR4
and TLR9); (6) act co-administrated but also allow the inclusion of other PAMPs, proteins, peptides, etc; (7) induce
both type I IFN and IL-12 cytokines which suggest the stimulation in human of plasmocytoid precursor and
conventional dendritic cells, respectively; (8) induce a preferential Th1 pattern of response5; (9) induce T CD4+, T
CD8+, and cross presentation6; (10) has polyclonal B cell activity, and (11) function by parenteral and mucosal
routes7.The constitution of Proteo-Cochleate permits per se their function as a vaccine. The inclusion of heterologous
PAMPs and the formation of Cochleates using PL obtained from other microorganisms is a real fact. PL, in addition to
Men BC vaccine that is in Phase IV, has concluded the preclinical stage in an allergic vaccine8. Preliminary results
against Malaria and sexual transmitted disease are very promising. PL and Cochleate acting directly as vaccines or
used as adjuvants are very promising.
References: 1. Huergo C.C., et al. 1997. United States patent 5,597,572. 2. O. Pérez, et al. Patent application 2002-0292. 3. G
Bracho, et al. Vaccine 24(S2):30, 2006. 4. C Zayas et al. Vaccine 24(S2):94, 2006. 5. O. Pérez, et al. Infect and Immun. 2001,
69:4502. 6. T Rodríguez, et al. Vaccine 2005, 23:1312. 7. O Pérez, et al. Vaccine 24(S2):52, 2006. 8. M Lastre, et al. Vaccine
24(S2):34, 2006.
127
FAPRONATURA 2006
P117- CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF T-BIOMODULINE AND ITS CYTO-RESTORING AND
INMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY
Pérez M, Ramírez W , Jorge OC
National Center of Bioproducts (BioCen). Beltran street, Km ½, Bejucal, 6048, La Havana, Cuba.
Introduction: Biomodulin T is a natural product, composed by polypeptidic specific fractions of the Bovine Cheat with
cyto-restoring and immunomodulatory activities, it stimulates lymphoblastoid mitosis and normalizes lymphocytes-T
differentiation; it elevates natural killer cells levels. It doesn't present toxicity; neither produces organs and tissues
alterations, without negative interference with main systems. It is indicated in states with cellular type immunologic
dysfunction: aging with repetitive infections, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, active chronic hepatitis, Crohn
illness, immunodeficiency syndrome, and in neoplasics and pigmentary retinosis treatments. Results: This product
applied with hidroxycobalamine has other applications in Chronicle Fatigue Syndrome, immuno-senescence treatment
and prevention, herpetimorph pathologies, neural therapy and coadyuvation of T-Biomoduline administration by
venoclisis. Comparative studies with levamisol showed that this product achieves bigger recovery of thymic mass in
children with thymic hypoplasia. An infecting process liberates glucocorticoids for the suprarrenal glands, activating
apoptosis in intrathymic lymphocytes, and transforming this organ fibrograss tissue; Biomodulin T avoids these
deleterious effects and is able to increase the thymic area with numeral increasing of mature lymphocytes T and
decreasing of the immature ones, increases thymic hormones liberation through epithelial cells, by a positive feedback
phenomenon and it also produces organic resources recovering. Conclusions: The National Center of Bioproducts
obtains this product with appropriate quality specifications for its clinical use, besides it has the production license
granted by the State Center for Medications Control and other certificates that also consolidate this production.
P118- CONSTRUCTION AND BIOLOGICAL in vitro EVALUATION OF IMMUNOTOXINS BY
LINKING OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES WITH A HAEMOLYTIC TOXIN FROM A SEA
ANEMONE
Ávila AD1, Calderón CF1, Pérez RM1, Álvarez I2, Pons C1, Ortiz AR1. Pereda C1
1
Unit of Evaluation and Research of Antitumoral, Oncology and Radiobiology Institute, 29th and E, Vedado, PO BOX
10400, Havana City, Cuba. 2Molecular Immunology Centre, 216th st. and 15th Ave, Siboney, PO BOX 11600, Havana,
Cuba. Email: [email protected]
Introduction: The immunotoxins (IT) are bifunctional proteic which are obtained by conjugation of monoclonal
antibodies (MAb) and toxins. This kind of molecules has the monoclonal specificity and the toxic properties are
conferred by the toxin component. The cell which carried the appropriate receptor will selectively killed by the
immunotoxin. In the present work we shows the construction of IT using chemical methods and its in vitro biological
evaluation. The hybrid molecules were built by covalent linking between the hemoliytic toxin and the 17-1A and IORR3 monoclonal antibodies that recognize a 37kDa protein expressed in colorectal human carcinoma (MAb 17-1A) and
the human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGF receptor) (MAb IOR R3), respectively. Material and methods:
To obtain of conjugates the toxin was conjugated to the MAbs using the heterobifunctional reagent N-succinimidyl-3(2piridilditio) propinate (SPDP). The thiolated and reduced HT and the thiolated MAb were mixed in a molar ratio 1:1 and
7:1 for IOR-R3 MAb and 171A MAb, respectively. The reaction time was 72 hours at 4°C. Toxicity in vitro for IOR R3HT for was measured in H125 cell line (human lung adenocarcinome) which carried the human EGF receptor and on
U1906 cell line (small cell lung carcinoma) which did not carry the hEGFr. Toxicity in vitro for 17-1A-HT for was
measured in SW1116 cell line (human colon carcinome) which carried the antigen and on MW14 cell line (human
melanoma) which did not express the antigen. Results: A hybrid molecule was obtained in both cases. The biological
activity of IT´s components were preserved as it was demonstrated by the selective citotoxicity experiments with cell
lines. Conclusion: Membrane-active molecules of these kinds could be good choice for building up immunotoxin
comprising antibodies towards antigen which not need endocytic internalization like carcinoma-associated antigens.
128
FAPRONATURA 2006
P119- IMMUNOSTIMULATION OF WHITE SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei) FOLLOWING
DIETARY ADMINISTRATION OF ERGOSAN TO INVESTIGATE ITS EFFECT ON THE
GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF WHITE SHRIMP IN BUSHEHR-IRAN
Takami GA, Yavari A, Heidarieh M
University of Tehran, Iran. E-mail: [email protected]
There is a growing need to control, prevent or minimize the devastating effects of disease in crustacean culture,
without recourse to toxic chemicals or antibiotics. The agents currently under scrutiny for crustacean include glucans,
lipopolysaccharides and killed bacterial cell. They are thought to act as immunostimulats because of their know effects
on the crustacean immune system in vitro. Ergosan is an algine based immunomodulator extracted from marine algae.
The active ingredients include algines and polysaccharides. It is completely natural product and as such is an
accepted feed ingredient. Its algines stimulate the active uptake and transfer of oxygen across cell membranes,
allowing the cells to work at a higher metabolic rate, thereby enabling them to perform their role more effectively. Much
of the early work was conducted on crab, cray fish and lobster but subsequent research on shrimps and prawn has
shown that the basic mechanism also operate within the Penaeid and sergestid shrimp. In this study, Ergosan
(Schering-plough Aquaculture) used to investigate its effect on the shrimp immunity, expecting that by enhancing the
shrimp immunity, the resultant increase in the growth of the shrimps fed by Ergosan to the other group that is not
treated by Ergosan, is more rapid and they weigh more. To achieve this goal, four different groups of shrimps each
were fed separately. One group was fed by Ergosan, another by Ergosan and Vibromax (Schering-Plough
aquaculture), the third one by Vibromax and the last group as the control. The result of this study showed that the
highest amount of survival and growth were obsevered in the first group fed by Ergosan and the second group showed
a lower amount of survival and growth, while the control group had yet lower results and finally the third group fed only
by Vibromax showed the lowest amount of survival and growth.
P120- PRIMARY DERMAL
DERMATOLOGICAL USE
IRRITABILITY
TEST
TO
HERBAL
PRODUCTS
OF
Valls ARa, Iglesias Ea , Ferrandiz Da, Turiño Ja, Batista Ja
a
Medical University "Carlos J. Finlay". Carretera Central Oeste s/n Apdo 144. Camagüey. Cuba
The herbal medicines are widely used by the population many centuries ago behind and they have a considerable
importance in the international commerce. To register the product on the market, the toxicological studies play an
important role to evaluate the safety of the product. The toxicological study was realized in the Unit of Experimental
Toxicology of Camagüey to detect the signs and symptoms of the Dermal Primary Irritation of three natural products of
dermatological use: fluid extract of Pinus caribacea, a cream prepared from the watery extract of peloides (Pel - Real
1) and another cream from waters mothers with minerals (Pel - Real 2). For the execution of this study three albino
hybrid males rabbits were used for each product, whose weight oscillated among 2- 2,5 Kg and 3 months of age. The
products were utilized according to the dosage reported in the Dispensarial Therapeutic Guide of Fitofarmacos and
Apifarmacos. Each product was applied in only one dose of 0.5 ml or 0.5 g in each place to evaluate during four hours.
The evaluations were carried out at 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours using the scale Draize. It was calculated for each product
the Index of Dermal Primary Irritability (DPI), which oscillated between 0 to 0.4 and the innocuous of the products was
corroborated after negative results were obtained in the formation of edemas and erythemas. Finally, we concluded
that the products are not irritating. According to the potential use of these natural products can be approved for its use
in external applications of the skin.
129
FAPRONATURA 2006
P121- DERMAL AND OPHTHALMIC IRRITABILITY OF THE CREAM OF ONION TO 25%
Ramírez K, Puente E, Betancourt J, Mora Y
Center of Toxicology and Biomedical. TOXIMED. Freeway National Km 1.5, Santiago de Cuba. Cuba
E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
The toxicological evaluation of the substances for all the proposed uses, especially the topic, the determination of the
irritating potential of the skin and the eyes, it constitutes an initial step, this will allow to determine if the substance will
produce prejudicial effect or not when contacting this structures and therefore to accept or to reject the proposed use
of the new product. The Dermal and Ophthalmic Irritability of the onion cream was evaluated, where the results were
evaluated ace it indicates the Methodology of the OECD No. 405 and 404, being carried out the calculation for him
method validated by Draize in 1944 and you limit them of Acceptance or Rejection settled down by Gastón and col. in
the event of the Ophthalmic Irritability. This product was proposed as a medication of use topic and in mucous, with
diverse pharmacological actions, as anti-inflammatory, antimicotic and antitumoral. The Index of primary, ophthalmic
and dermal irritation was of (0). In the study, anatomo-pathological alterations of diagnostic it valued were not
evidenced, for what the studied product is to not be Irritating, according to the methodologies and species animal
employee.
P122- CYP ENZYME INHIBITION BY Echinacea AND ITS ALKAMIDES – IS IT CLINICALLY
RELEVANT?
Modarai M1, Gertsch J2, Suter A3, Heinrich M1, Kortenkamp A1
1
The School of Pharmacy University of London29/39 Brunswick Square London WC1N 1AX United Kingdom.
Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Office HCI H494.4 , Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10, ETH Hönggerberg
CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland. 3Bioforce AG, 9325 Roggwil, Switzerland.
2
Echinacea preparations are one of the best selling herbal medicinal products (HMPs) with a well established
therapeutic use in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections and other minor conditions. Their use is
increasing, but information regarding possible interactions with other medicines is scarce. Many of these interactions
occur via induction or inhibition of the CYP P450 enzyme system. The cytochrome P450s are a superfamily of
membrane-bound, haeme-thiolate proteins, which are principally responsible for phase 1 oxidative metabolism and
detoxification of xenobiotics and endobiotics (e.g. steroids, fatty acids, retinoids, eicosanoids, vitamins, cholesterol and
prostaglandins).The objective was to analyse the inhibitory potential of the standardised Echinacea extract
(Echinaforce®) and two alkamides:dodeca 2E,4E,8Z,10E/Z tetranoic acid isobutylamide (TAI) and dodeca 2E,4Edienoic acid isobutylamide (DAI) on single baculovirus expressed Cytochrome P450 isoforms – CYP1A2, CYP2C19,
CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 as stipulated by the German regulatory authority BfArM (Bundesinstitut fur Arzneimittel und
Medizinprodukte) (1). In a modified fluorometric 96-well plate assay enzyme activity was measured by detecting the
fluorescent metabolite produced from the reaction of the substrate with the CYPs (2). The substrates used were7Benzyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)-coumarin (BFC) (CYP3A4), 3-Cyano-7-EthoxyCoumarin (CEC) (CYP1A2, CYP2C19) and 3(2-N, N-diethyl-N-methylaminoethyl)-7-methoxy-4-methylcoumarin (AMMC) (CYP2D6). Control reactions were also set
up to account for intrinsic fluorescence of the extract and the effect of ethanol on the enzyme. Both the extract and the
individual alkamides showed moderate inhibitory activity against CYP enzymes, but these effects are unlikely at the
doses of Echinaforce® normally encountered in clinical setting (Table). The inhibitory potency of the extract cannot be
explained entirely in terms of its alkamide content, particularly since both alkamides showed no inhibition of CYP1A2,
which is nevertheless inhibited by the extract.The lowest IC50 value recorded in our study was 1.96µg/ml for TAI.
Based upon a recent bioavailability study, these values would be 4900 folds higher than the anticipated maximal
concentration in hepatocytes, assuming that there are no potential loses of the alkamide via distribution, uptake etc
(3). With these IC50 values it is unlikely that inhibitory concentrations will be reached within the liver.
Acknowledgements: This project is sponsored by Bioforce, UK.
References: 1. http://www.bfarm.de/cln_042/nn_424630/DE/Arzneimittel/besTherap/amPflanz/ampflanz-node.html 2. Crespi et al.
(1997) Analytical Biochemistry 248: 190-193. 3. Bauer et al. (2005) Presentation,AGA conference, Florence.
130
FAPRONATURA 2006
P123- OZONETHERAPY REDUCES TNF-ALPHA LEVELS IN SERUM AND
MYELOPEROXIDASE ACTIVITY IN LPS- INDUCED ENDOTOXIC SHOCK IN MICE
LUNG
Zamora Z1 , Borrego A1, Sanchez C2, Delgado R2, González R1 , Menendez S1, Hernández F 1 and Schulz S3
1
Department of Biomedicine, Ozone Research Center, (National Center for Scientific Research) P.O.Box 6414,
Havana, Cuba. Email: [email protected] 2Department Laboratory of Pathology, Department of Biomedical
Research, Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, P. O. Box 16042, Havana, Cuba. 3Veterinary Services and Laboratory
Animal Medicine, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg 35033, Germany.
The molecular basis of events leading to the adverse and sometimes lethal outcome of sepsis has not been fully
elucidated. Cytokines are undoubtedly involved in these processes, with the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis
factor-alpha (TNF), interleukin-1, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), and others playing a pivotal role.
Ozonetherapy exerts a beneficial effect in lethal polimicrobial sepsis in rats because it increased animal survival and
protected them against death. Tumoral necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a proinflammatory cytokine greatly involved in
the pathophysiological changes associated with acute and chronic inflammatory conditions, including septic shock,
autoimmune diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and the respiratory distress syndrome. This
study investigates whether Ozonetherapy can modulate the release of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) and
nitricc oxide (NO) levels in mouse serum as well as Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in lung as indicators of
inflammation in endotoxic shock induced by lipopolysacharide in mice. LPS doses of 30 mg kg-1 were used.
Pretreatment with ozone/oxygen mixture was administered intraperitoneally (0.2, 0.4 and 1.2 mg kg -1) once daily
during five days before LPS injection (30 mg kg-1 i.p). TNF-α was measured by cytotoxicity on L-929 cells and NO was
measured by the Griess reaction and MPO was determined in lung twenty four hours after LPS injection (30 mg kg -1).
Ozone/oxygen mixture reduced TNF-α levels in serum in a dose-dependent manner. Statistically significant decreases
in TNF-α levels after LPS injection were observed with ozone intraperitoneal applications at 0.2 (47.10 %), 0.4 (61.85
%) and 1.2 (82.19 %) mgkg-1. MPO activity was significantly reduced in lung after LPS administration to the animals
pretreated with Ozone/oxygen mixture independently of the doses used even NO levels in serum were reduced
significantly by OOP. Our results demonstrated the inhibitory effects on TNF-α release an NO levels in mice sera and
a reduction of neutrophil infiltration in lung tissue. Ozone administration by i.p route exerts beneficial effects in this
experimental model of endotoxic shock.
P124- OZONIZED SUNFLOWER OIL (OSO) REDUCED OXIDATIVE DAMAGE INDUCED BY
INDOMETHACIN IN RATS
González Ra, Zamora Za, Guanche Da, Merino Nb, Menéndez Sa, Hernández Fa, Alonso Ya and Schulz Sc
a
Laboratory of Biological Assays, Department of Biomedical Research, Ozone Research Center. P. O. Box 6414,
Havana, Cuba. b Laboratory of Pathology, Department of Biomedical Research, Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
P. O. Box 16042, Havana, Cuba. c Veterinary Services and Laboratory Animal Medicine, Philipps-University of
Marburg, Marburg 35033, Germany. E mail: [email protected]
Ozonized sunflower oil (OSO) for oral application (Oleozon ®) is a registered drug that is obtained from the reaction
between ozone and sunflower oil under appropriate conditions according to a process developed in our center. OSO
has shown antimicrobial effects against virus, bacteria and fungi (Sechi et al 2001). In addition, preclinical toxicological
studies with OSO have demonstrated that this drug is safe and no genotoxic (Remigio et al 1998). This study was carried
out in order to investigate the potential cytoprotective effects of ozonized sunflower oil (OSO) in the damage of rat
gastric mucosa induced by indomethacin and also to elucidate the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid
peroxidation and some constituents of antioxidant defense such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)
in these effects. The gastric damage was induced by indomethacin (20 mg Kg -1) as solution in 0,5 % sodium
bicarbonate and given intragastrically. Three hours later OSO (0.1, 0.3 and 0.6 mL) per animal and cimetidine 25 mg
Kg -1 were administered also by oral route. Three hours thereafter the rats were killed and the stomachs were removed
for biochemical analysis and histological study. The gastric ulcer index was reduced by OSO and cimetidine. OSO
also reduced TBARS concentracion, but it increased SOD activity in gastric mucosa homogenates. In contrast CAT
activity was not significantly modified with the treatment. Histological study confirmed the cytoprotective effects of
OSO in rat gastric mucosa damaged by indomethacin. It was concluded that cytoprotective effects of OSO in rat
gastric mucosa is mediated at least partially by increase of SOD activity and reduction of lipid peroxidation.
131
FAPRONATURA 2006
References: 1. Sechi, L. A., Lezcano, I., Nuñez, N., Espino, M. (2001) Antibacterial activity of ozonized sunflower oil (OLEOZON).
J. Appl. Microbiol. 90: 279-281. 2. Remigio, A., González, Y., Zamora, Z., Moleiro, J. (1998) Evaluación genotóxico del OLEOZON
por el ensayo de micronúcleos en medula ósea y sangre periférica de ratón. Revista CENIC, Ciencias Biológicas. 28: 200-202
P125- ASSESSMENT OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT OF OZONE IN CHILDREN WITH
IMPETIGO
Ruiz H, Ramos L, Abreu MC, Crespo N, González A, Ulloa F, León O
”José Martí Pérez” Provincial Paediatric Hospital. Sancti Spiritus, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected]
An open controlled randomized clinical study was made in children diagnosed with impetigo, coming from the
dermatology services of “José Martí Pérez” Provincial Paediatric Hospital of the city of Sancti Spiritus in the period
from December of 2003 to July of 2004, with the aims of assessing the efficacy and safety of ozonized oil in the
treatment of impetigo. 14 children of both genres under 14 years of age, whose parents accepted their consent to
participate, were included in the study. A clinical and bacteriological diagnosis was made as a method of confirming
the disease. Children over 14 years of age, those who received previous treatments with antimicrobials,
immunosupressors or vaccines against different bacteria were excluded. In the damaged areas of the skin a topical
ambulatory treatment with mupirocine (control group) or ozonized oil was applied for 10 days with an initial
assessment, an intermediate one after 5 days, and a final one after the treatment was completed. A clinical and
bacteriological assessment was made. The most frequently isolated germs were staphylococci and streptococci. 2
patients withdrew the treatment in the study group, with a moderate adverse event being reported in one case;
therefore we consider that ozonized oil is effective and safe as an adequate therapy in the management of patients
with impetigo.
P126- ACUTE ULCEROUS NECROTIZING GINGIVITIS (AUNG).
TREATMENT WITH OZONIZED OIL
AN ALTERNATIVE OF
Ruiz H, Ramos L, Arftiles A, León O, Benítez I
“Camilo Cienfuegos” University Hospital. Bartolomé Massó s/n PC: 60 100, Sancti Spíritus. Cuba.
An open controlled randomized clinical trial was made to assess the efficacy and safety of ozonized oil (oleozon) in the
treatment of AUNG in patients coming from the periodontology consult of the odontology services of “Camilo
Cienfuegos” University Hospital, in the period from January of 2003 to December of 2005. 40 patients of both genders,
over 18 years of age, who gave their written consent to participate, were included. Patients of chronic diseases were
excluded as well as those with mental impairments, pregnant women, and those who had used chemotherapy or
immunosupressor drugs at least 15 days prior to the inclusion in the study group, in a topical way for 7 days, with an
intermediate clinical assessment on the third day, and a final assessment one day after the completion of the
treatment. Clinical symptoms such as pain, halitosis, gingival bleeding and inflammation were assessed. No significant
differences were reported between both treatments as to healing, though a tendency to clinical improvement was seen
in the group that used oleozon. Mild adverse reactions were reported in three patients who used sodium perborate, but
not with those who used oleozon, which shows the safety of this product in the treatment of AUNG. We consider that
ozonized oil is a useful and safe therapeutical alternative in patients with AUNG.
132
FAPRONATURA 2006
P127- BEHAVIOR OF THE OXIDATIVE STRESS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC FOOT
TREATED WITH PROPOLIS
Bermúdez Ia, Reyes Ia Frómeta Vb y Suárez Cc
a
University of Oriente. Faculty of Natural Sciences. Department of Pharmacy. Patricio Lumumba s/n. bJoaquín Castillo
Duany Hospital. cSaturnino Lora Provincial Hospital. Santiago de Cuba. Cuba.
Introduction: The chemical composition of propolis varies with the geographical region and according to the
vegetation. The Cuban propolis, collected in the Manzanillo area, Granma province, has benzophenone polyprenilate
as a major constituent which accounts for its antioxidant activity. The use of propolis in traditional medicine and its
demonstrated antioxidant properties encouraged the Pharmacy Department of the Oriente University in 1992 to
elaborate a cream with propolis collected in the Manzanillo area to make its clinical use easy and to study the effects
of the propolis on the oxidative stress of patients with diabetic foot. Material and methods: The investigation was
carried out on 120 patients with diabetic foot and 60 healthy subjects with age, sex and race similar to the sample of
the population. Serum samples were collected, before and after of the treatment and the samples were assayed for
the determination in serum of glucose levels, fructosamine, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, susceptibility to
lipid peroxidation, antioxidant activity, superoxide dismutase, catalase, total hydroperoxides, non-protein sulfhydryl
group and albumin. Results: The results demonstrate that the propolis from Manzanillo has regulator effect over the
redox status because these patients show a susceptibility to the lipid peroxidation under of 2460±6,22 nmol/L, an
antioxidant capacity greater than 66,2±10,2% with low levels of total hydroperoxides (<187±14,3 µmol/L) and catalase
that overtook the normal value taken as reference (1000±12,5 U/L/min) and high levels of superoxide dismutase
(>1460±0,14 U/L/min). The non-protein sulfhydryl groups and the albumin showed an increase compared with the
group treated with habitual therapy and the control group (healthy subjects). Conclusions: This behavior permits to
affirm that the propolis from Manzanillo protects from the oxidative stress aside from the fact that it also avoids the
oxidation of important functionally group from the proteins and enzymes.
P128- EFFECT OF THE CUBAN PROPOLIS COLLECTED IN MANZANILLO AREA ON THE
WOUNDS HEALING IN RATS
Bermúdez Ia, García GSb, Piloto AAb , Pérez YFb y Valdivieso AGb
a
University of Oriente. Natural Sciences Faculty. Pharmacy Department. Patricio Lumumba s/n. Santiago of Cuba,
Cuba. bBiological Evaluation and Investigation Center. University of Havana. Havana, Cuba.
Introduction: The use of propolis for the treatment of wounds has been reported by several European authors.
Recent evidence suggests that propolis induce epidermal cell maturation and the growth of the granulation tissue.
Besides this substance form a thin skin that protects the surface of the wound. The necessity of to evaluate the effect
on the wounds healing of the Cuban propolis collected in Manzanillo area was the aim of this work. Material and
methods: Forty Sprage Dawley rats, (CENPALAB; CUBA), twenty female and twenty male were used in the study.
Nine millimetres-diameter, skin wounds were practiced on the external side of the right upper hind limb with a skin
biotome (Acu, Acuderm Inc, USA) in aseptic conditions. Rats were distributed among 4 experimental groups of 10
animals each on. In every animal two wounds were medicated with 10% propolis cream and 1% silver sulfadiazine
respectively, one with the base of the formulation and another was the non-medicated control. Wounded tissue was
harvested on day 5 and day 8, and used for histological examination and morphometric studies with computerizedassisted. Results: Propolis cream treated wounds had a total re-epithelization of 60%. It was significantly stimulated
(p < 0.05) to the others. Similarly, these wounds had the largest rate of epithelial linear ingrowths and the lowest
values of wound perimeter. (p < 0,05). Dermis reconstitution was stimulated in the propolis cream treated wounds but
it wasn’t significantly improved with respect to the non-medicated control. Inflammatory infiltrate was reduced in
propolis cream treated wounds, and showed a quickly highest fibrovascular reaction compared to the others.
Conclusions: The propolis cream help to the wound healing but no accelerate this process.
133
FAPRONATURA 2006
P129- USE OF THE PROPOLIS CREAM 10% IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS INFECTED
WITH Candida IN VULVA AND VAGINA
López Ma, Jiménez Ib, Santos Mc
a
Municipal Main Pharmacy #691, Fructuoso Rodríguez #114A, Santo Domingo, Villa Clara, PC 53000. Cuba. bFamily
Medical Clinic #9. Martí 121. Santo Domingo. Villa Clara. PC 53000. Cuba. cMarta Abreu of Las Villas University,
Camajuaní Road, Km 5½ Santa Clara, Villa Clara, PC 54830 Cuba.
E-mail: [email protected],cu, [email protected]
In the medical practice the vaginal infections represent a problem of health, it is said that approximately 95% of the
patients is consulted by vaginal flow. Among these infections the Candida in vulva-vagina is one of the most frequent;
with the drugs used for their treatment, adverse reactions that bear to the abandonment of the treatment in occasions
can appear. Keeping in mind that exposed previously, as well as the therapeutic possibilities of the propolis, their low
cost and easy acquisition in pharmacy, we decide to use them in the treatment of 63 women with Candida that went to
the family medical clinic #9, belonging to the health area of the Policlinic "Manuel Piti Fajardo" of Santo Domingo, in
the understood period of December of 2005 until May of 2006. The diagnosis was carried out for anamnesis and
physical exam and to all they were indicated hydrophilic cream of propolis 10% in deep vaginal application, twice a
day during 10 days. Clinical - gynecological pursuit was given for 15 days. Of the total of the sample, in 58 patients
(92.1%) all the signs and symptoms referred initially disappeared, 4 remained equally and one abandoned the
treatment. With this bee-drug a high % of effectiveness was achieved, they diminished the treatment costs for patient
and undesirable effects were not reported.
P130- In vitro ACTIVITY OF PROPOAROMIEL AGAINST Candida sp.
Fidalgo O, Almora E, Lago V
Instituto de Investigación - Producción de Vacunas y Sueros ¨ Carlos J. Finlay¨. Ave 27 No.19805, La Lisa, Ap.16017.
Cod. 11600. La Habana, Cuba. Fax: 208-60-75. E mail: [email protected]
Introduction: Propoaromiel is a pharmaceutical product containing honey, propolis and essentials oils. Due to the
wide range of biological properties so this product possesses this product has, it can be considered for therapeutic
purposes. For this reason, in this present paper evaluates its sensivity in vitro on 27 strains of Candida sp. Material
and Methods: The antifungical activity was determinated by using of the dilution method in solid medium. The plates
were incubated for 24-48 hours at 37ºC and the results were evaluated according to the growing of the microorganism
in the dilution. Results: This product inhibited the growth of isolates and the reference strain showing a 92% of
effectiveness until a 1/8 dilution.Conclusions: So, we can assure that Propoaromiel has antifungical propiertes
against Candida sp.
P131- ELECTRONIC MICROSCOPY OF Candida albicans TREATED WITH BRAZILIAN
GREEN PROPOLIS EXTRACT AND ITS MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION
Mello AM, Silva LG, Resende SL, Alves JB; Cortes ME, Schwambach CW, Abreu SRL, Santos VR
Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Dentistry School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte,
Brazil. Email: [email protected]
Oral candidiasis is often present in world population. Germ tube represents the virulence factor in Candida albicans
infection of the host oral mucosa epithelial cells. Recent studies have shown that propolis has appreciable in vitro and
in vivo antifungal activity. The aims of this study were to evaluate the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of
Brazilian Green Propolis (BGP) necessary to inhibit in vitro germ tube formation, and to verify C. albicans cell
morphology changes after the treatment. Green Propolis was collected from the honey bee Apis mellifera in
Southweastern of Brazil, origin of Baccharis dracunculifolia. The 20% ethanolic propolis extract, used in this study,
was obtained by PharmaNéctar®, Brazil. Samples of C. albicans (ATCC 18804) had been displayed in different
concentrations of BGP. The MIC was disposed against the yeast by using microdilution test. The starting inoculum
134
FAPRONATURA 2006
was 1.0 x 106 UFC/mL. The BGP anti- germ tube formation activity was studied by using foetal calf serum incubated at
37ºC during 2h. MICs were recorded after 48h of incubation using RPMI Medium (Sigma). Nystatin (Sigma) and C.
glabrata (ATCC 2001) were used as the control. The BGP MIC observed were 0.03µg/mL and 0.10µg/mL for BGP and
Nistatyn, respectively. The light microscopy demonstrated that BGP had antifungal activity and inhibited the germ tube
formation on these studied concentrations. Analysis of the ultraestructure of the yeast cells revealed changes on cells
walls. The positive results suggest that the Brazilian Green Propolis should be further tested as an alternative therapy
of infectious conditions of the oral cavity, such candidiasis and denture stomatitis. Supported by Brazilian Government:
Fundação de Apoio a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e
Tecnológico (CNPq), PharmaNéctar®.
P132- PERIODONTITIS TREATMENT WITH BRAZILIAN GREEN PROPOLIS GEL
Amaral RRC, Rocha WMS, Abreu SRL, Santos VR
Department of Clinic Pathology and Surgery. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dentistry School, Universidade
Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brasil. Email: [email protected]
Propolis has been exhibits in vitro antimicrobial properties against periodontal pathogens microorganisms. The aim of
this study was to observe the Brazilian Green Propolis gel (BGP) eficacy treatment in patients with gingivitis and
Chronic Periodontitis (CP). Four patients, 1 male and 3 females, 36, 42,46, 51 years old age, presented rooth calculus
, gingivitis, oedema, bleeding, gingival recession, pocket depths, attachment loss, suppuration, tooth mobility and
alveolar bone loss was submitted at BGP 15% treatment . The patients` mouths were divided in four quadrants.
Superior Right (SD) - BGP irrigation; Superior Left (SL) – scraping/ smoothing dental root (RAR) and pocket depths
BGP irrigation; Inferior Right (IR) - RAR; Inferior Left (IL) - was the control. Dental brushing with BGP and washing
mouth with propolis solution daily was carried through during the treatment. BGP was applied in each periodontal
pocket 1 time week, during 5 weeks, having used barren dismissible syringe. The results shown a regression of 95%
gingivitis and suppuration in all the teeth irrigated with BGP, as well as a pocket depths reduction in all unsubmitted
and submitted teeth previously to the RAR. Do not observe alveolar bone reorganization. It was observed an increase
of gingival contraction and dental mobility reduction. In this clinic study, the patient treated with the BGP showed
periodontitis/gingivitis regression. It means that the 10% BGP used, in the therapeutic method assigned in this
research is effective in the treatment of Chronic Periodontitis. The propolis gel efficacy in periodontitis treatment is
Public Health of great interest in Brazil. Other studies with significant number patients are necessary for statistical
analysis confirmation of these results. Acknowledgments: Dentistry Studies Centre IPSEMG/ PharmaNéctar®
P133- SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ORAL PATHOGENIC BACTERIA AND FUNGI TO BRAZILIAN
GREEN PROPOLIS EXTRACT
de Paula MB1, Santiago WK1, Dias SMD1, Cortés ME1, Dias RS2, Santos VR1
1
Laboratory of Microbiology and Biomaterials, Dentistry Schooll, Minas Gerais Federal University, 2Food Microbiology
Laboratory, Fundação Ezequiel Dias (FUNED), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
The aim of this study was to investigate antimicrobial properties of ethanolic extract and fractions of Brazilian green
propolis (BGP) collected by bees from Baccharis dracunculifolia against 16 oral pathogens microorganisms. BGP was
examinated by Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RPHPLC). BGP was measured the
absorption spectra using UV-Spectrophotometer. Identification of flavonoids and other chemical constituents were
carriede out using authentic standards. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by agar diffusion and agar dilution
method. Obtained results indicate that all microorganisms demonstrated sensible to BGP. None of the essayed
fractions coumaric acid, kaempferol, pinobanskin-3-acetate, chrysin, galangin, kaempferide, and artepillin C was more
active than the extract.
135
FAPRONATURA 2006
P134- ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
ON DIFFERENT ORAL PATHOGENS
OF
A
PROPOLIS
ADHESIVE
FORMULATION
Gomes RT, Teixeira KIR, Cortés ME, Abreu SRL, Santos VR
Laboratory of Microbiology and Biomaterials-Clinic, Pathology and Surgery Department. Restorative Dentistry
Department, Dentistry School,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil.
Propolis is a resinous material collected by bees and exhibit antibacterial and antifungal activity. A successful topical
treatment of oral diseases is difficulted, particulary, for the constant flow of saliva. A few relevant studies have been
carried on a new therapy against bacteria and moulds in dentistry. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the
susceptibility of seven oral pathogens by a new propolis adhesive formulation. Brazilian Green Propolis (BGP) was
supplied by PharmaNectar® (Brazil). Propolis was solubilized in ethanol 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% and it was mixed
with a polysorbate 20 (0.374%) solution in propyleneglycol (0.15% w/v). Hydroxymethylpropyl cellulose polymer was
dissolved at 3% w/v in water. Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus,
Enterococcus faecalis, Actinomyces israelli, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans susceptibility test was performed
by agar diffusion according NCCLS. A 0.1 mL aliquot of bacteria strains cultures in BHI broth corresponding to 0.5
turbidity on the McFarland scale, was plated onto Mueller Hinton agar and incubated at 37ºC in C02 atmosphere.
Candida spp was incubated in Sabouraud dextrose medium at 37ºC. Tetraciclyn and nystatin were used as positive
control. 5x3mm diameter height polypropylene rings were filled with 150 µl of the formulated ointment. Sterile pure
ointment was used as negative control. The diameters of inhibition zones were measured after 48, 72 hours and 7
days of incubation. The results were reported as M±SD and compared with nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis tests. The
propolis ointment showed antimicrobial activity against all tested strains. It is important to remember that in vitro tests
do not reflect the real conditions found in the oral cavity. The antimicrobial action observed in this new propolis
formulation suggests its use as an alternative adjuvant therapy for infectious conditions of the oral cavity, such as
denture stomatitis, periodontitis, odontogenic abscesses or actinomycosis. Supported by Brazilian Government: Fundação
de Apoio a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
(CNPq) and PharmaNéctar®
P135- STIMULATION OF HEMATOPOIESIS BY A WATER-SOLUBLE DERIVATIVE OF
PROPOLIS IN MICE
Oršolić N, Tadić Z, Benković V, Horvat Knežević A, Lisičić D, Bašić I
Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
We have investigated the effect of a water-soluble derivative of propolis (WSDP) on hematopoiesis of CBA mice using
exogenous spleen colony assay (CFUs assay). Given perorally (po) 50 mg / kg to mice for 20 consecutive days WSDP
increased the number of exogenous CFUs as compared to control. WSDP given either for 20 or 40 days elevated the
number of cells in hematopoietic tissue and increased the number of leucocytes in peripheral blood; prolonged
treatment with WSDP also elevated histological appearance of myeloid and megakaryocytic types of CFUs.
P136- RESVERATROL ALLEVIATES IFOSFAMIDE-INDUCED URINARY TOXICITY IN RATS
Göksel Ş1, Özer S1, Abdullah S2, Velioğlu-Ogunc A3, Cetinel S4, Gedik N5, Yeğen BÇ6
1
Marmara University, 1School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey, 2USC School of Medicine,
Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Columbia SC, USA, 3Marmara University, Vocational School of Health Related
Professions, Istanbul, Turkey, 4Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Histology- Embryology,
Istanbul, Turkey, 5Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Istanbul, Turkey, 6Kasımpasa
Military Hospital, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey.
Resveratrol, a natural phytoalexin present in grapes, peanuts, mulberries and red wine, has various pharmacological
effects including anti-inflammatory properties, modulation of lipid metabolism and prevention of cancer. Ifosfamide
136
FAPRONATURA 2006
(IFO), an antineoplastic drug used to treat a wide range of tumors in both adults and children, is known to induce
urinary toxicity. To elucidate the possible protective effect of resveratrol on IFO-induced toxicity, Wistar albino rats
were injected intraperioneally for 5 days with either saline, IFO (50 mg/kg/day), resveratrol (RVT; 10 mg/kg/day) or IFO
+ RVT. On the 5th day, animals were decapitated and trunk blood was collected. Kidneys were obtained for
biochemical and histological analysis. The results demonstrated that IFO-induced increased serum creatinine and
urea levels, while RVT markedly ameliorated the severity of renal dysfunction induced by IFO. IFO-induced increases
in malondialdehyde levels, myeloperoxidase activity and collagen content in the kidneys (p<0.01-0.001) were
accompanied by a reduction in glutathione levels. However, in the RVT treated IFO group, all of these oxidant
responses were prevented significantly (p<0.05-p<0.01). Our results suggest that IFO–induced oxidative damage in
the renal tissue is alleviated by resveratrol through its antioxidant effects. The therapeutic potential of resveratrol as a
“tissue injury-limiting agent” must be further elucidated in anti-neoplastic drug-induced oxidative injuries.
P137- EFECTO DE Coriandrum sativum (CILANTRO) EN RATAS INTOXICADAS CON
PLOMO
González-Hernández S, Narro-Juárez A, González-Ramírez D
Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología del Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano
del Seguro Social. 2 de Abril y San Luis Potosí, Col. Independencia. Monterrey, N.L. México.
Coriandrum sativum (cilantro) es usado en la medicina natural tradicional como anticonvulsivo, antihiperglicémico,
antihiperlipidémico, y se ha sugerido una acción quelante de metales pesados. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar los
posibles efectos de una solución preparada a base de partes aéreas de C. sativum en ratas Sprague-Dawley adultas
intoxicadas con plomo (Pb). Se formó el grupo: 1 control (recibió solo agua destilada); 2 (unicamente Pb), 3 (Pb + C.
sativum); 4 control positivo (DMSA, ácido meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccínico en dosis de 30 mg/kg/día/5 días). Se
administró nitrato de Pb (0.2%/vía oral/4 semanas). Una semana después de suspender el Pb recibieron la solución
de C. sativum por vía oral durante 5 días. Se registró peso corporal, volumen de orina, se determinó Pb (Pb-U) y
ácido -aminolevulínico (ALA-U) urinario, Pb en sangre (Pb-S) y análisis bioquímico. No apreciándose cambios
significativos en el crecimiento ponderal y volumen de orina. No se observó ninguna diferencia significativa en la
eliminación de Pb-U y la concentración de Pb-S en el grupo 3 con respecto al grupo 2 pero sí se mostró una
disminución significativa en la eliminación de ALA-U. En los análisis bioquímicos, se apreció una disminución de la
creatinina sérica en el grupo 2 siendo diferente significativamente con respecto al grupo 3. En el presente estudio
pudimos observar el efecto de C. sativum en comparación con el DMSA sin asegurar su acción quelante, sin
embargo, existe una modificación en la eliminación de ALA que es un indicador importante de la acción tóxica del Pb.
P138- In vitro CULTURE OF Morinda royoc L., Psidium guajava L. var “EEA18-40” AND
Morus alba L. var “Criolla” FOR OBTENTION OF SOME THERAPEUTICALLY INTERESTING
SECONDARY METABOLITES
Capote A1, Pérez N1, Pérez A1, Barbón R1, Salas E1, Wilken D2, Gerth A2, Müller-Kuhrt L3 and Jiménez E1
1
Instituto de Biotecnología de las Plantas. Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas. 2BioPlanta GmbH, Leipzig,
Alemania. 3AnalytiCon Discoveries GmbH, Postdam, Alemania.
The plants cell and tissue in vitro culture are one of the alternatives for the identification of new compounds or to
already increase the production of compound well-known that are utility for the humanity. The aim of this work was to
produce biomass of Morinda royoc L, Psidium guajava L var "EEA18-40" and Morus alba L var “Criolla” species using
different regeneration systems to determine the profile of metabolites production in the biomass cultivated in vitro and
plants in field by means of the combined techniques of liquid chromatography and mass spectrophotometer. In all the
species the content of water was bigger in the vegetable material obtained in the in vitro culture systems compare with
the biomass obtained from fields and green house plants. In Morinda royoc the shoots culture was the in vitro culture
system more feasible for the production of biomass with bigger content of dry matter compared with cells and callus
system. In all the species the yields of the extracts were always bigger in the in vitro culture systems in comparison
with those obtained from field or green house plants It was bigger as the differentiation was smaller (shoots, callus
137
FAPRONATURA 2006
and cells suspension). In Morinda royoc the widest spectrum of compound was obtained in the callus and cells
suspension in comparison with the samples of leaves of green house plants and shoots in vitro culture. In this species
the profiles of compounds detected in green house plants and shoots in vitro culture were similar, while in Psidium
guajava and Morus alba the expression profiles between samples of leaves from field plants and shoots in vitro culture
were different, which demonstrate that each genotype reacts in way different to the in vitro culture and therefore the
compounds that are synthesized as answer to these abnormally conditions of growth are different. It was
demonstrated that the in vitro culture is a potential source for the identification and production of new compounds.
P139- TEMPORARY IMMERSION: A VALUABLE OPTION FOR CARDIOTONIC GLYCOSIDES
PRODUCTION OF Digitalis purpurea L.
Pérez N1, Jiménez E1, Capote A1, Wilken D2, Gerth A2, Jähn A3, Nitzsche H-M3, Kerns G4
1
Instituto de Biotecnología de las Plantas. Universidad Central de Las Villas. Carretera a Camajuaní Km5,5. Santa
Clara, Villa Clara, Cuba. 2 BioPlanta GmbH. Deutscher Platz 5. 04103 Leipzig, Germany. 3Instituto de Química no
Clásica. Universidad de Leipzig. Permosestraße 5, Leipzig, Germany. 4Instituto de Sajonia para la Biotecnología
Aplicada. Universidad de Leipzig. Permosestraße 5, Leipzig, Germany. Email: [email protected]
Digitalis purpurea, is an example of cardiotonic drug. Digoxin and digitoxin are glycosides produced by this plant which
are cardiac stimulants with a wide use in the treatment of heart problems. The objective of this investigation was to
study the effect of temporary immersion on biomass production and the content of cardiotonic glycosides (digitoxin
and digoxin), determined by Liquid Cromatography. Biomass production was favoured by increasing the frequency of
immersions. The highest value of fresh weight (106.2 g) and lower percentage of hyperhydricity (27 %) were obtained
with immersions of 2 minutes every 4 hours. The content of digoxin was always lower than digitoxin. However, the
concentration of digoxin increases with immersions every 4 and 3 hours, while the accumulation of digitoxin was stable
in all treatments. The effect of temporary immersion on glycosides accumulation in shoots of Digitalis purpurea
presented in this paper has not been described in the literature till now.
P140- COMMUNITY EXTRACTION OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF Melaleuca quinquenervia
(CAYEPUT), AN INTEGRATED FOCUS, AN ECOLOGICAL-MEDICAL SOLUTION (PROJECT
BEHIQUE)
Abuín A1, Lobato O2, Prado G3, Chateloin T4, Fernández F2, Boan M1, Torrientes D1, Guevara E1, Bacallao M1,
Victores O1, Gonzáles R1, Pensado L1, Oliva M1
1
Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Matanzas Juan Guiteras Gener. 2Universidad de Matanzas Camilo Cienfuegos.
Instituto Finlay. 4Empresa Municipal Agropecuaria (E.M.A.) Victoria de Girón, Matanzas, Cuba
3
Essential oils are phytocomplex substances with low point of vaporization that are characterized themselves for their
smell, oily appearance and facility to volatilize at room temperature. Some families of plants contain many aromatic
sorts like the Lauraceae, Umbeliferae, Pinaceae, Asteraceae and Mirtaceae. In this last family, we find a plant with
important pharmacologic applications, the cayeput (Melaleuca spp.). By trawling steam distillation essential oil with
prospective investigating and quality control objectives (with portable team DELUXE) are obtained, in order to
conclude the studies of security and therapeutic effectiveness for its posterior record that the use in humans certifies.
BEHIQUE project proposes a program of extraction with communal ecological and human gain of cayeput's essential
oil (M. quinquenervia) to a high stepladder. This natural product is an oily yellow browned liquid, obtained of
Melaleuca's leaves and branches. It has been shown that has antibiotic and wide-reaching anti-mycotic properties.
Inclusive formulations of essential oil with high request exist on the international market. An abundant population of
cayeput that can be characterized biochemically with two chemotypes meets at Zapata's Marsh: A ) viridiflorole +
globulol and B ) 1.8 cineole (eucalyptol) + terpinolene + terpinen 4 ol. Pharmacological characterizations and clinical
implications by each chemotypes are considered. We discus the extent bibliography related to identity tests;
microbiological, chemical assay, pesticide residues, radioactive residues purity tests; Major chemical constituents;
Medicinal uses supported by clinical data, described in pharmacopoeias and traditional systems of medicine, and folk
medicine not supported by experimental or clinical data; Other data like experimental pharmacology; toxicology and
clinical pharmacology; contraindication; warnings; precautions; adverse reactions; dosage forms and posology are
138
FAPRONATURA 2006
also defined. The set-up proposed of community short industry of essential oils, in the reserve of the biosphere of the
Marsh of Zapata, would be able to contribute the sustainable development of nature and human community in that
inhabits place, when generating healthy sources of job, attractive in consonance with the ecosystem with a simple
pharmacological point of view intervention. Besides will be a form of rational Melaleuca control, than at the region is
considers like invader because displacing the indigenous flora. Additionally, by this means may resolve him with
endogenous resources important problems of health, like respiratory infections and cutaneous mycosis that cover an
important morbility in communities with Zapata's Marsh so that intervention will have an impact in many aspects of
integral and global health of the Wetland.
P141- DETECTION OF PICEATANNOL,
PTEROSTILBENE IN NATURAL PRODUCTS
PTEROSTILBENE
AND
3’-HYDROXY-
Crosta La, Grippi Fa, Curione Aa, Tolomeo Mb, Aiello Ga, D’Amico Ra, Oliveri Fa, Gebbia Na
a
Co.Ri.Bi.A. (Consorzio di Ricerca sul Rischio Biologico in Agricoltura), Via G. Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
Dipartimento di Ematologia, Policlinico, Università di Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy.
b
Stilbene-based compounds are widely represented in nature and have become of particular interest to chemists and
biologists because of their wide range of biological activities like prevention of heart disease and cancer. Resveratrol,
a stilbene compound present in grapes and other food products. Piceatannol and pterostilbene are two transresveratrol-like natural stilbenes endowed with anticancer activity higher than that of resveratrol; however they are not
diffused in nature as resveratrol. 3’-hydroxypterostilbene, (3’-hps) is a natural pterostilbene analogue recently isolated
from the whole herbs of Sphaerophysa salsula; it is 50-90 times more active as apoptotic agent in neoplastic cells than
resveratrol. In this work some Sicilian plants were analyzed by HPLC for the presence of piceatannol, pterostilbene
and 3’-hps. We observed that some sicilian grapes were rich of free piceatannol; in these grapes we detected
picetannol concentrations ranging from 0.18 ± 0.25 to 22.97 ± 3.01 mg/Kg. In 250 samples of grapes analyzed,
pterostilbene and 3’-hps were detected only two grapes of Nero d’Avola variety. Sicilian pistachios is a nut containing
high concentration of resveratrol ranged from 6.38 to 8.27 mg/Kg (av = 7.09 ± 0.54 mg/Kg); however, neither
pterostilbene nor 3’-hps were detected in twelve different pistachios samples examined. Interestingly, a high amount of
pterostilbene and 3’-hpt was detected in propolis. Indeed, in Sicilian propolis the concentration of these compounds is
0.2 µg/mg for pterostilbene and 2.22 µg/mg for 3’-hpt. However, analyzing other samples of propolis from Japan or
China, we detected concentrations of pterostilbene and 3’-hps ranging from 0.59 ± 0.05 to 5.06 ± 0.02 µg/mg, and
from 6.08 ± 0.08 to 9.46 ± 0.11 µg/mg, respectively. In conclusion, piceatannol is widely rapresented in Sicilian grapes
and wines. It was also of interest the detection of high amounts of 3’-hps in propolis, a finding that could explain, at
least in part, the benefical effect of propolis for human health. Acknowledgements: The study was financially supported by
the Assessorato Agricoltura e Foreste della Regione Sicilian (Italy).
P142- CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF LONGIPILINE ACETATE
Ospina O1, Rojas C1, Vega D2
1
Departamento de Física, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; 2Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología,
Universidad Nacional de General San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Longipilin acetate (C23H28O9), was extracted from Frailejón, a Colombian native plant that belongs to the Espeletia
species, Espeletia killipii, of the family asteraceae. It grows between 2600 and 3300 m above sea level and previous
work has attributed a variety of medicinal properties to it (Torrenegra & Téllez, 1996). The aim of the present work was
to provide experimental information about the conformation of a member of the germacranolide family. Crystals
suitable for X-ray diffraction were obtained by slow evaporation of a solution of chloroform/ethanol (1:3 v/v) at room
temperature. The X ray data for the crystal of the compound were collected in the Rigaku AFC6S diffractometer using
MSC/AFC6S diffractometer control Software for data collection, cell refinement and data reduction. The structure was
solved by direct methods and refined by full-matrix least squares. The molecule contains two non-planar rings, a ten
membered ring and a five membered lactone. The five membered lactone ring adopts an envelope conformation, with
C7 located 0.459 Å from the C11/C12/O6/C6 mean plane. The methyl ester group is almost planar like the acetoxy
139
FAPRONATURA 2006
substituent at C9. The C9-O9 bond is in an equatorial orientation with the H atom axial. Various substituents around
the ten membered rings provide very weak intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions that determine the molecular
folding.
P143- NEW MONOGLYCOSIDE FROM Ageratina vacciniaefolia
Huertas A1,2, Vega D3, Rodríguez O1, Torrenegra R1, Rodríguez A2 and Rojas C1
1
Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia. 2Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
Universidad Nacional de General San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Email: [email protected]
3
The Ageratina vacciniaefolia is native plant from Colombia.The plant in found in the Andean Paramos between 2600
and 3300 meters over the level of the sea. Its leaves and inflorescence are used in rural and indigenous medicine and
its type of compound present physiological effect as gibberelllic, antitumural and antiinflamatory activities. The plant
was collected in the paramo Cruz Verde. It was put under a process of extraction using solvents of polarity increasing,
and the substances were isolated by chromatography of column and fine layer. The identification of the substance was
made by means of the analysis of NMR spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and point of fusion, optical activity and
the behavior of the substances before some chemical reagents. For the determination of the configuration threedimensional from the substances, monocrystals were obtained using the method of slow evaporation from a solution.
The crystallografic parameters and the phases of the structure factor were obtained directly from the intensities of the
pattern of x-rays diffraction; the refinement of the models was made using the method of least square. The geometries
of the substance they optimized by the autocosistente quantum method based on Hartree Fock, using as electronic
bases gaussians functions. The substance was denominated Angehu3 was identified like (-)-(16) - (\beta glucopiranosiloxil)-17-ol-kauran-19-oico-acid. The unit cell was monoclinic and contains four asymmetric units. It’s
packed by hydrogens bonds principally. Among their structural characteristics, it can be mentioned the diclohexans
rings like a chair, three of them are formed kauranol group and the other one is asymmetric and belongs to the
glucopyranosyl group.
P144- IMPACTO DE LA VARIACIÓN ESTACIONAL EN LA EFICACIA DE Ugni molinae y
Buddleja globosa, ESPECIES NATIVAS CHILENAS
Delporte C, Negrete R, Saavedra A, Peredo N, Aguirre MC, Silva X, Erazo S, Miranda HF, Apablaza C,
Backhouse N
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Chile. Vicuña
Mackenna 20, Providencia, Santiago, Chile. Email: [email protected]
Introducción: Ugni molinae (Mirtacea, n.v. murtilla) y Buddleja globosa (Buddlejacea, n.v. matico), son especies
nativas de Chile y sus hojas son ampliamente utilizadas como antiinflamatorias, analgésicas y cicatrizantes. Con el fin
de validar su uso por la medicina folclórica y obtener un extracto estandarizado química y farmacológicamente, se
prepararon a partir de sus hojas distintos extractos, y éstos fueron sometidos a evaluaciones de sus propiedades
antiinflamatorias y analgésicas tópicas. Para ambas especies, se postula que el porcentaje de principios activos varía
dependiendo de la época de recolección de las hojas, lo que modularía las propiedades farmacológicas de los
extractos. Metodología: a partir de las hojas se obtuvieron los extractos de hexano, diclorometano, acetato de etilo y
etanol. Del extracto con mayor actividad farmacológica y por un estudio químico bioguiado, se aislaron e identificaron
los principios activos. La actividad analgésica tópica fue evaluada por diferentes ensayos: tail flick y el método de la
formalina en la cola. La actividad antiinflamatoria vía tópica fue evaluada en ratones a los que se les indujo una
inflamación dérmica en la oreja con ácido araquidónico (AA) y 12-decanoilforbol 13-acetato (TPA) (Aguirre et al.,
2006). Resultados: Los extractos con efectos analgésicos y antiinflamatorios más significativos, fueron el extracto de
acetato de etilo de murtilla y un extracto etanólico purificado de matico. La cuantificación de los principios activos de
ambas especies, mostró que éstos varían de acuerdo a la época de recolección de las hojas. Los principios activos
del extracto etanólico purificado de matico, fueron los flavonoles y los derivados del ácido cafeico como lo es el
verbascósido (metabolito mayoritario del extracto) que se encuentran más elevados en las plantas de verano, no así
en las hojas recolectadas en invierno. En relación al extracto de acetato de etilo de murtilla, los compuestos activos
son ácidos triterpenos pentaciclícos 2-α-hidroxi como los ácidos asiático, corosólico y alfitólico (Aguirre et al., 2006).
140
FAPRONATURA 2006
Estos triterpenos están en mayor proporción en las hojas recolectadas en otoño, en cambio, la cuantificación de estos
triterpenos en las hojas recolectadas en invierno, mostró un menor porcentaje de estos triterpenos. Conclusiones:
De los resultados de este estudio, se concluye que es muy importante estandarizar química y farmacológicamente un
extracto activo, para el desarrollo de un producto farmacéutico con efectos analgésicos y antiinflamatorios de máxima
eficacia. Agradecimientos: proyecto DI, Universidad de Chile Nº MULT 04/22-2 y al Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile (ISP) por
los animales de experimentación.
Referencia: Aguirre M.C., Delporte C., Backhouse N., Erazo S., Letelier M.E., Cassels B.K., Silva X., Alegría S., Negrete R. 2006.
Topical anti-inflammatory activity of 2-α-hydroxy pentacyclic triterpene acids from the leaves of Ugni molinae. Bioorganic Medicinal
Chemistry. 14(16): 5673-5677.
P145- FATTY ACIDS COMPOSITION AND NUTRITIONAL EFFECT IN RATS OF CUSHURO
(Nostoc sphaericum Vaucher)¹
Nunez J², Mendoza A³
¹Scientific Research Institute. ²Professor of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, ³Associate Professor, Faculty
of Sciences. Universidad Nacional de Ancash, Huaraz, Av. Centenario 200, Apt 70, Huaraz, Perú.
Introduction: The green-blue algae cushuro (Nostoc Sphaericum vaucher) grow spontaneously in lakes at high
altitude and it is a food eaten for native dwellers from Peruvian sierra. Notwithstanding there is no studies whether its
consumption is benefit or no. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of its ingestion, in rats eaten at
libitum; and the composition of its fatty acid contents. Results: a) The chemical proximal analysis of cushuro was: 98
% water, 0.17 % protein, and the rest are fiber, chlorophyll and others. Chromatographic analysis of fatty acids is the
following: Saturated: 14:0, 15:0, 16:0 y 18:0; monounsaturated: 16:1 (cis9), 18:1 (cis9) y 18:1 (cis11); polyunsaturated:
16:2 (cis9,cis12), 18:2 (cis9,cis12) y 18:3 (cis9,cis12,cis15). The plentiful fatty acids are 15:0, 16:0, 16:1 y 18:3. The
fatty acids 15:0 and 18:1 (cis11) are uncommon in biology and not important in human diets. b) Weanling rats were
feed with a normal standard diet (13.8 % protein and 38 % sugar) with addition 5 % of dry cushuro weight, during two
months. They had a significative weight loss (p = 0.000006), a significative excreta production (p = 0.000266) and a
moderate increase of water drinking (p = 0.032697) than rats with a standard diet only. The ingestion of solid food was
similar in two groups (p = 0.19999). Conclusion: The alga cushuro seem to contain antinutrients in the enough
amounts which may influence the weight loose in rats and influence negatively in the nutrient absorption of a normal
diet.
P146- RECOVERY OF CHITOSAN FROM AQUOUS ACIDIC SOLUTIONS BY SALTING-OUT
WITH FOOD-COMPATIBLE ORGANIC SALTS
LeHoux JG, and Dupuis G
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke,
Quebec, CANADA, J1H5N4, E-mail: [email protected]
Chitosan is a linear biopolymer of partially N-acetylated glucosamine that has found applications in a large number of
areas including cosmetics, the food industry and biomedicine. The useful properties of chitosan are related to its
molecular size and degree of N-acetylation. This is particularly true of chitosan used as a plasma cholesterol-lowering
neutraceutics. However, generating chitosans of defined molecular sizes and recoveries from hydrolysates remain a
formidable challenge. Here, we describe a novel and easy-to-use approach based on salting-out to efficiently recover
chitosan from aqueous acidic solutions. We show that inorganic salts of the Hofmeister series (SO42- > H2PO4- ≅
HPO42- > NO3-) salted-out chitosans of 30 kiloDaltons (kDa), 240 kDa and a high molecular weight form of the
biopolymer dissolved in dilute HCl or acetic acid. Importantly, food-compatible, naturally-occurring, salts of tricarboxylic
and dicarboxylic acids could also be used to salt-out chitosan from enzymatic hydrolysates. For instance, trisodium
citrate salted-out chitosans of 26,000 Daltons (Da) to ≥ 139,000 Da but was less efficient for 240 kDa and high
molecular weight (HMW) forms of chitosan. Sodium malate, tartrate, succinate and malonate were also efficient to
salt-out 30 kDa chitosan. Sodium acetate, lactate and propionate were not effective. Temperature (4oC, room
temperature or 50oC) had no appreciable effect. Chitosan (30 kDa) salted-out with sodium citrate, tartrate, malate and
141
FAPRONATURA 2006
malonate was generally soluble in a dilute HCl or acetic acid. In conclusion, this technique allows the preparation of
food-compatible chitosan that can be used, for example, as a hypercholesterolemic agent.
P147- CHRONIC MELATONIN APPLICATION MODIFIES THE CYTOARCHITECTURE OF
TESTIS AND DECREASES THE SPERM NUMBER IN WISTAR RAT
Gutiérrez-Ruiz J, Granados-Canseco F, Martínez-Esparza C, Velázquez-Paniagua M and Prieto-Gómez B
Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, México D.F. 04510. Email: [email protected]
Melatonin, a pineal hormone has an important role in seasonal reproduction. This indol seems to act at hypothalamus,
pituitary gland, and/or gonad tissue level. Nevertheless the exact site of its action is not absolutely clear. The objective
of this work is to determine the effect of the chronic application of melatonin in the testicular cytoarchitecture and on
the spermatozoa number in the Wistar rat, a nonstational mammal. Transversal sections of the seminiferous tubules
from the control rats exhibited an ovoid form with almost similar horizontal and perpendicular axis mean while, the
melatonin rats these tubules exhibited a form that resembled a “sausage” and both axis were larger than those in the
control animals. Moreover, the melatonin treated rats had a lower number of spermatozoa and a higher number of
Leydig cells than control rats. Data indicates that melatonin elicits significant changes in the seminiferous tubules
architecture and decreases the number of spermatozoids which could reduce fertility in the Wistar rat.
P148- BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF THE ACUTE ADMINISTRATION OF THE EXTRACT OF
THE AQUATIC PLANT Echinodorus berteroi (SPRENGEL) FASSETT (UPRIGHT BURHEAD)
Buznego MT, Pérez-Saad H
Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Department of Experimental Neurology, Havana, Cuba, Calles 29 y D,
Vedado, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba, Postal Code14000. Email: [email protected]
Echinodorus berteroi is an aquatic plant found in Central America and the Caribbean to which antiepileptic action has
been attributed by folk medicine. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential behavioral and
antiepileptic effect of decoctions (1, 5 and 30 %, intraperitoneally) of the dried roots. One and five percent decoctions
produced hypoactivity in mice. Hyperactivity induced by amphetamine (3 mg/kg, subcutaneously) was significantly
reduced by 30 % decoction, in rats. The extracts did not modify the latency to the first clonic convulsion or the survival
time in the isoniazid (210 mg/kg, ip) treated mice. The 30 % percent decoction significantly increased the latency to
the first picrotoxin-induced clonic convulsion (7 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), as well as survival time. Repeated
administration of 5 % decoction (30-minute intervals) significantly reduced the amplitude (µV) of the epileptic spikes
induced by topical application of penicillin to sensorimotor cortex, in curare-treated rats. In summary, the root
decoctions of E. berteroi paradoxically exhibited neuroleptic and antiepileptic actions. Nevertheless, these results
partly justify the use of the plant for the treatment of epilepsy by practitioners of the folk medicine.
P149- ANXIOLYTIC EFFECTS OF Salvia elegans EXTRACT
Ruenes K1, Garateix A1, Buznego MT2, García T1, Pérez-Saad H2, Palmero A1, Guzmán A1, Tortoriello J3 and
Pérez-Saad H1
1
Centro de Bioproductos Marinos (CEBIMAR), Loma y 37 Alturas del Vedado, CITMA, La Habana, Cuba. 2Instituto de
Neurología y Neurocirugía, calles 29 y D, Vedado, MINSAP, La Habana, Cuba. 3Centro de Investigación Biomédica
del Sur, IMSS. Argentina 1, Xochitepec, Morelos, México 62790.
Salvia is an important genus that it has been widely used in traditional medicine in different countries in treatment of
Central Nervous System disorders. A great number of studies were carried out to show the chemical composition and
the pharmacological characteristics of Salvia extracts. Many of these investigations describe Central Nervous System
(CNS) effects of Salvia extracts. In this report were studied the effects of an extract of the plant Salvia elegans on two
142
FAPRONATURA 2006
behavioural models that have been used to evaluate anxiolytic properties: elevated plus maze and marble buring test
as well as on exploratory behaviour. The extract (500 - 2000 mg/kg body weight) has significant effects in the time
spent in the open arms in relationship with the total time in the elevated plus maze test whereas in the marble burning
test the effects were significant at 500 and 1000 mg/kg weight. Moreover, the extract reduced the exploratory
behaviour (rears plus number of times the animals crossed the circle) at 1000 mg/kg. According to these results we
conclude that the ethanolic extract of Salvia elegans has anxiolytic and sedative effect.
P150- NEUROPHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF FOUR MARINE PLANT EXTRACTS
Garateix A1, Ruenes K1, Buznego MT2, García T1, Menéndez T1, Palmero A1, Guzmán A1 , Valdés O1, Alejandre
L1, Laguna A1 and Pérez-Saad H2
1
Centro de Bioproductos Marinos (CEBIMAR), Loma y 37 Alturas del Vedado, CITMA, La Habana, Cuba. 2Instituto de
Neurología y Neurocirugía, calles 29 y D, Vedado, MINSAP, La Habana, Cuba.
E.mail: [email protected]
Marine plants constitute a natural resource of great variety of bioactive compounds. Numerous studies have shown
antioxidant potential of phenolic components and the neuroprotective action of extract and/or extract´s components of
several seaweeds. Also, depressant, antidepressive and anticonvulsivant effects among others neuroactive actions
have been detected. The present study evaluates several neuropharmacological effects of the ethanolic extract of
Thalassia testudinum, Sargassum fluitans, Dictyota pinnatifida and Ullva fasciata. Extracts were intraperitoneally
and/or orally administered to mice (OF-1, 18-22 g body weight) as single doses (40-1000 mg/kg weight). One hour
after administration the effects of the extracts were studied in exploratory behavior, electric-induced convulsions,
sleeping time induced by thiopental, marble burying test and elevated plus maze. Besides, their neuroprotective
effects were investigated using convulsion induced by ip administration of ammonium acetate (11mmol/kg). The
extracts were also evaluated as anticholinergic and antiglutamatergic agents using snail receptors (0.2 – 1 mg/ml).
Our results showed that the most relevant effects were; sedative effect as well as anxiolytic action for the single oral
administration of Dictyota´s extracts and anticolvulsivant effects for Sargasum extract. The four extracts act at the level
of cholinergic and glutamatergic snail receptors at the concentration range tested. Besides, single intraperitoneal
administration of the extracts showed that all, except that from Ulva fasciata, significantly increased the onset of
convulsions induced by ammonium. The fact that the pharmacological actions in mice were observed after single
administration suggest that the active components of the extracts can rapidly cross the blood barrier allowing them to
act on the Central Nervous System. The neuropharmacological actions presented here open new therapeutical
possibilities for these species. It is discussed the interest and importance in continuing the investigations in this field in
order to identify the components responsible of such effects.
P151- PHARMACOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF Bunodosoma TOXINS ON VOLTAGE
DEPENDENT SODIUM CHANNELS
Garateix A1, Salceda E2, López O2, Salazar H2, Aneiros A1, Zaharenko A.J3 , de Freitas JC3 and Soto E2
Centro de Bioproductos Marinos, CITMA, La Habana, Cuba, 2Instituto de Fisiología, BUAP, Puebla; 3 Instituto de
Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil.
1
Voltage dependent sodium channels represent an important target for different neurotoxins and there have been
identified different binding sites according to these interactions. The so called site 3 toxins comprise a diverse group of
peptides obtained from sea anemones and α-scorpions that bind to voltage gated sodium channels slowing down the
inactivation process. These polypeptides vary considerably in their affinities for the sodium channels in different
excitable cells. In this work we studied the pharmacological action of three toxins: BgII and BgIII (isolated from
Bunodosoma granulifera) and BcIII (isolated from Bunodosoma caissarum) on isolated cultured neurons of rat dorsal
root ganglion. The biophysical effects and the potency of these polypeptides were compared and their effects were
studied with voltage clamp techniques. These compounds considerably prolonged the action potential and selectively
slowed down the inactivation process of tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) sodium current. The potency of these
compounds according to the IC50 values were of: BcIII 2.7±2µM, BgII 4.1±1.2 µM and BgIII 11.9 ±1.4 µM. Several
studies have pointed out the importance of specific amino acid residues in the determination of toxin activity. The three
143
FAPRONATURA 2006
studied toxins are structurally similar. BgII and BgIII differ in the presence of Asp at position 16 instead Asn in BgIII,
and this only substitution may contribute to the less potency of this toxin. Concerning to BcIII, a positive amino acid in
position 47 could explain its higher potency in comparison with the others Bunodosoma toxins.
P152- LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT FRACTIONS FROM THE CRUDE EXTRACT OF
Condylactis gigantea, ACTING ON POTASSIUM CHANNELS
Santos Y1, Díaz M2, López T1, Souto R3, Rodríguez A2, Martínez J4, Castañeda O1
1
Facultad de Biología. Universidad de La Habana. 2Centro de Bioactivos Marinos. 3Instituto de Cardiología y Cirugía
Cardiovascular. 4Museo Municipal Habana del Este, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected]
Anemones are solitary polyp organisms which constitute a well known source of ion channels toxins. Cardiotoxins
have been commonly related to toxins acting on sodium channels, nevertheless in the last decade certain cardiac
disorders as ventricular fibrillation and long QT syndrome, which are common cause of large incidence in human
population, are being associated with disorders in the functioning of some types K channels. A whole body extract of
the sea anemone Condylactis gigantea, a well known representative of the Caribbean Sea platform, was prepared and
submitted to gel filtration on Sephadex G-50 as a first chromatographic step. The low molecular weight fraction was
tested in patch clamp experiments, for its capacity to act upon certain subtypes of K channels expressed in Xenopus
oocyte membranes. The active fraction was submitted to a second gel filtration step in Sephadex G-25 and the activity
was localized in fraction 3. This fraction caused a significant blockade of K+ currents in Kv 1,4 channels and a less
potent effect in blocking of Kv 1,1 and HERG channels. Taking into consideration that Kv 1,4 channels are associated
to the early repolarization of ventricular membrane potential and the HERG channels are involved in arrhythmias,
these original results in natural origin products, have a significant value and a potential therapeutic interest for these
cardiovascular disorders. The total purification of the agent(s) responsible of these affects is a basic prerequisite to
fulfill the pharmacological characterization of the active principle(s).
P153- COGNITIVE AND MOOD EFFECTS OF CAFFEINE AND THEANINE ALONE AND IN
COMBINATION
Haskell CFa, Kennedy DOa, Milne ALa, Wesnes KAa, b, Zangara Aa & Scholey ABa
a
Human Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST, United Kingdom. bCDR Ltd., Gatehampton
Road, Goring-on-Thames, RG8 0EN, United Kingdom. E mail: [email protected]
Theanine and caffeine are often found together in tea beverages. There is a wealth of research into the
psychopharmacology and neurocognitive effects of caffeine. Less is known about theanine although recent research
lends some support to its traditional role as a relaxant. Despite the common co-consumption of theanine and caffeine,
no research to date explicitly aimed at examining the interaction of the two substances. This randomised, placebocontrolled, double-blind, balanced crossover study investigated the acute cognitive and mood effects of theanine and
caffeine separately and together using a comprehensive assessment battery. Twenty-two healthy young participants
received a 250 ml drink containing either 250 mg theanine, 150 mg of caffeine, a combination containing 150 mg
caffeine plus 250 mg theanine, or a placebo, not less than 7 days apart. Cognitive and mood assessments were
undertaken at baseline and 30 minutes and 90 minutes post-drink and included the Cognitive Drug Research
computerised test battery, two serial subtraction tasks, a sentence verification task and subjective visual analogue
mood scales. Saliva samples were also taken at each time point. There were significant improvements following
caffeine alone in simple reaction time; digit vigilance reaction time; RVIP accuracy; numeric working memory reaction
time; and accuracy of spatial memory. Caffeine also decreased ratings of tiredness and headache. Theanine alone led
to improvements in sentence verification reaction time but impaired reaction time of numeric memory and delayed
word recognition. It also led to a decrease in alertness and an increase in ratings of headache. However, when
combined, theanine potentiated the caffeine effect on a number of cognitive tasks and on alertness. There were very
few positive effects associated with theanine alone, but it generally potentiated the effects of caffeine suggesting a
possible synergy. Such effects are likely to be mediated by a number of neurotransmitter systems affected by
theanine.
144
FAPRONATURA 2006
P154- EFFECTS OF A MULTIVITAMIN PREPARATION WITH GUARANÁ ON SUSTAINED
MENTAL PERFORMANCE AND MENTAL FATIGUE
Kennedy DOa, Scholey ABa, Zangara Aa, Luedemann Jb, Maggini Sb, Brewster-Maund C, Ruf Mb
a
Human Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, United Kingdom.
Bayer Consumer Care AG, Basel, Switzerland, Peter Merian House 84, 4002 Basel, CH.
b
The present study tested the effects of a multivitamin-mineral supplement with guaraná (Berocca Boost
Performance®) on aspects of cognitive performance and self-reported mental fatigue during sustained mental effort.
This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group study assessed the acute effects of a single dose of
either the vitamin/mineral/guaraná supplement or placebo, in the form of an effervescent drink, in 129 healthy young
adults (18-24 years). On the testing day, overnight fasted participants attended the laboratory at 9am. Following two
(practice and baseline) pre-dose completions of the 10 minute cognitive demand battery (Serial 3s subtractions, Serial
7s subtractions, and Rapid Visual Information Processing (RVIP) tasks plus a ‘Mental Fatigue’ visual analogue scale)
participants consumed their treatment. Starting 30 minutes following consumption of the drink participants made 6
consecutive completions of the battery (60 minutes in total). The vitamin/mineral/guaraná combination resulted, most
notably, in improved cognitive task performance in terms of increased speed and accuracy of performing the Rapid
Visual Information Processing task, and reduced ratings of subjective mental fatigue. This latter effect became most
noticeable towards the later, more fatiguing, repetitions of the cognitive demand battery. This research supports
previous findings about the psychoactive properties of guaraná and provides evidence for the first time in humans that
a multivitamin-mineral preparation with guaraná can improve cognitive performance and reduce the mental fatigue
associated with sustained mental effort, and suggests Berocca Boost Performance® increases alertness.
P155- ALKALOID FRACTION OBTAINED FROM LEAVES OF Annona muricata WITH
ANXIOLYTIC ACTIVITY IN MICE
Oviedo VMO1, García MG2, Rincón JV1, Guerrero MP1
1
Departamento de Farmacia – Facultad de Ciencias – Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Apartado aéreo: 11430.
Email: [email protected]; [email protected] 2Laboratorio de Ensayos Biológicos, Universidad de
Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica, 2060, Costa Rica. Email: [email protected]; [email protected];
[email protected]
Alkaloid fraction (0.5 g/kg, vo) obtained from leaves of Annona muricata showed anxiolytic activity in plus maze test
applied to ICR male mice. Hole board test was applied previously to asses basal level of mice activity. The screening
included anticonvulsant, antidepressant and anxiolytic activity of hydro alcoholic extract (40%) throw maximal
electroshock seizures, pentylentetrazol seizures and forced swimming test. Phytochemical study confirmed presence
of flavonoid compounds also. Alkaloid fraction was identified by thin layer chromatographic analysis. This work
supports ethno botanical use of A. muricata and shows that alkaloid compounds play a key roll in pharmacological
activity of this specie.
P156- Rhodiola rosea IN MINOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS
Firenzuoli Fa , Gori La, Calapai Gb
a
Centre of Natural Medicine, S.Giuseppe Hospital. Via Paladini 1, 50053 Az USL 11. Empoli. Italy. bInstitute of
Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Messina. Italy. Email: [email protected]
Rhodiola rosea is usually used as adaptogen and on the base of our experience we decide to test in 40 consecutive
patients the efficacy of a Rhodiola rosea herbal extract tritated at 40% salidroside and 15% rosavin and administered
to patient at the dose of 800 mg daily. Clinical response was defined by HAM-D as a 50% reduction and/or a score 7.
Measures were conducted at baseline, and after 3 months of treatment. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and
145
FAPRONATURA 2006
Visual Analog Scales (VAS) were used as secondary efficacy parameters. Patients were not suffering of other
diseases, neither menopause complaints nor pregnant or lactating women excluded. They were not assuming other
drugs neither herbal extracts, mean age 37 y.o. (range 25-43 y.o). Rhodiola extract had clinical significant effect in
minor depressed patients with HAM-D up to 17 . There were not significant side effects and no patients were dropped
out. On the base of these preliminary results we conclude that Rhodiola rosea can be useful in the treatment of minor
depressive disorders, although further clinical studies are needed to definitely confirm antidepressive activity.
P157- MIGRAPRECOL AND MIGRAMENSTRUAL. MEDICINAL PLANTS FORMULATIONS IN
MIGRAINE PROPHYLAXIS
Reyes Ra, Marrero-Miragaya MAb, Eirez Mb
a
Centro Internacional de Salud La Pradera, Cuba. bNational Center Coordinator of Clinical Trial, Havana, Cuba. Email:
[email protected]
Objective: To determine the efficacy of a medicinal plants formulation in the prophylaxis of migraine. Design: Double
blind, placebo controlled, crossover study. Setting: Neurological outpatient clinic. The studies followed the guidelines
recommended by the International Headache Society's committee on clinical trials in migraine1. Inclusion criteria were
diagnosis of migraine with and without aura according to the criteria of the International Headache Society,2 men and
women aged between 18 and 60 years, presence of migraine for more than a year, onset of migraine before the age of
50 years, and attacks of migraine occurring two to six times a month. Exclusion criteria were interval headache that the
patient was unable to differentiate from migraine, use of prophylactic drugs for migraine in the four weeks before
randomization, pregnancy or inability to use contraceptives, decreased renal or hepatic function, history of
angioneurotic oedema, and psychiatric disorder. The study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of
Helsinki. The regional ethics committee for medical research approved the study protocol, and all patients gave
written, informed consent before enrolment. Studies in Development and the projected start date in February 2006,
Migraprecol (N= 156, include 150 patients), Migramenstrual (N=76, include 40 patients). Project duration: 12 months
References 1. International Headache Society Committee on Clinical Trials in Migraine. Guidelines for controlled trials of drugs in
migraine. Cephalalgia 1991; 11/1: 1-12. 2. Bender WI. ACE inhibitors for prophylaxis of migraine headaches. Headache 1995; 35:
470-471
P158- Calendula officinalis: VARIATION TO THE METHODOLOGY OF EXTRACTS
OBTENTION, CHARACTERIZATION FOR EXPERIMENTAL USE AND ACUTE TOXICITY
Monteagudo Ea, Cepero Va, Mollineda Ab
a
Experimental Toxicology Unit. Medical College of Villa Clara. Aqueduct Rd. and Circumvallation. Santa Clara, Villa
Clara, Cuba, ZC: 50200. bAgropecuary Investigations Centre. Agropecuary Sciences Faculty. Central University
“Martha Abreu” of Las Villas. Camajuani Road, km 5. Santa Clara, Villa Clara, Cuba.
Introduction: Calendula officinalis has a great variety of therapeutical properties so it is needed to get deep in the
study of its extracts. Experimentation requires several concentrations or doses of the extracts and if we work with big
quantities of green mass there is the chance of imprecisions in final concentration due to the wasting of menstruo.
Physico-chemical characteristics should be also determined. Materials and Methods: Flowers were used as
vegetable material and aqueous extracts were prepared by infusion (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%) and varying the drug
mass. Humectation volume was determined by breaking flowers and adding 0,5 ml of menstruo each 30 minutes. The
extracts were characterized for aspect, Total Solids, pH, refraction index, UV absorption and qualitative flavonoids
using established equipment and techniques. Toxicity study consisted of the alternative test Up and Down Procedure
(UDP): 5 animals, receiving a 2000 mg/kg BW dose, administered orally, were used. Each animal was dosed every 24
hours and were observed for 14 days to determine toxicity symptoms and signs, later were sacrificed to carry our
anatomopathological studies. Results: The extraction method (Humectation Volume) is valid and can be calculated
(HV= 2.295 X drug mass + 1.034), 20% extract shows the best extractive efficiency. The infusion is a flower smelling
liquid, and its amber colour, total solids, refraction index and absorbance increase with concentration as pH
decreases. Measuring Refraction index allows to assess the total solids content (IR = 0.00028 X total solids + 1.33).
146
FAPRONATURA 2006
Most probable flavonoids in extracts are: flavones, flavonols and isoflavones. In the UDP study all the animals
survived not showing any symptom neither signs of toxicity. There were no anatomopathological alterations in any
studied organ. Conclusions: mathematical determination of the humectation volume and its maintenance also the
Refraction Index gives an appropriated extraction method for the pharmaceutical characterization of C. officinalis, it
contains flavonoid type metabolites and toxicologically, the studied extract, is considered NON TOXIC.
P159- PHARMACOTOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES OF Gracylaria cylindrica ALGAE
Monteagudo Ea, Cepero Va, Cordovés Db, Verdecía Ba, Blanco Fa, Díaz La, Mollineda Ac
a
Experimental Toxicology Unit. Medical College of Villa Clara. Aqueduct Road and Circumvallation. Santa Clara, Villa
Clara, Cuba, ZC: 50200. bPharmacy and Chemistry Faculty. Central University “Martha Abreu” of Las Villas.
Camajuani Road, km 5. Santa Clara, Villa Clara, Cuba. cAgropecuary Investigations Centre. Agropecuary Sciences
Faculty. Central University “Martha Abreu” of Las Villas. Camajuani Rd. km 5. Santa Clara, Villa Clara, Cuba.
Introduction: Marine products, especially algae have a high demand for the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.
The Gracilarya cylindrica algae have big potentialities due to its properties and exploitation possibilities. Materials and
Methods: Experimental Pharmacology studies concerning photoprotective effect and the influence of the conditions of
extractions in such effect were carried out, Toxicological studies were Acute Toxicity Class (ACT), an alternative
accepted method and Dermic and Ophthalmologic Irritation. For the photoprotective effect it was obtained the
absorbance spectrum of each one of the extracts prepared (12) from 600 to 200 ηm using a spectrophotometer. The
UV area maxims evidence was analyzed. The ACT method used 2 groups of 3 Wistar rats, sex ratio 1:1, which were
administered with single 2000 and 5000 mg/kg BW doses. They were observed during the next 14 days, body weight
was measured on days 1, 7 and 14 and anatomopathological studies were also done. Dermal and Eye irritations tests
were applied to dry (prime matter) and to the aequous extract using New Zealand rabbits, assigning the values
according to the accepted Draize scale. Results: The extract does not have absorption maxims in the UV region and
the extractions conditions studied had no influence in the absorption characteristics. ACT study did not show toxicity
symptoms neither signs, only an animal died at the dose of 500 mg/kg BW. Dermal and eye irritations studies did not
show any lesion related to the products applied. Conclusions: the studied extract does not show photoprotective
effect; toxicologically speaking the product is classified as NON TOXIC, and as neither NON PRIMARY DERMAL
IRRITANT nor EYE IRRITANT for both types of extracts.
P160- ACUTE TOXICITY EVALUATION OF SIX MEDICINAL PLANTS USING THREE
ALTERNATIVE METHODS
Monteagudo E, Boffill M, Bermúdez D, Quesada D, Roca A, Verdecia B, Blanco F, Díaz L, Betancourt E
Experimental Toxicology Unit. Medical College of Villa Clara. Aqueduct Rd. and Circumvallation. ZC: 50200. Santa
Clara, Villa Clara, Cuba, E-mail: [email protected]
The implantation of new experimental procedures or methods requires of a standardization process to compare its
results and to conclude about its use feasibility. OECD, for known reasons abolished the Acute Toxicity classical test
for three alternative methods: Toxical Acute Classification (TAC), Up and Down Procedure (UDP) and Fix Dose
Procedure (FDP). On the other hand, it has been strategically decided to promote the use of pharmaceutical forms
derived from plants such as tilo (Justicia pectoralis), guava (Psidium guajava), oregano (Plethranctus amboinicus),
holly cane (Cymbopogon citratus), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus citriodora) and majagua (Hibiscus elatus). Materials and
Methods: The animals were dosed orally (2000 mg/kg BW, on total solid basis). The plants were collected according to
the regulations indicated and aqueous extracts were done. The animals were observed systematically during the first
24 hours and daily until 14 days. Body weight was controlled on days 1, 7 and 14. After that all the animals were
sacrificed previous clinical inspection and later on anatomopathological studies were executed. Results: No mortality
neither other toxic symptoms were observed, only in the case of J. pectoralis happened light sedation, which is
attributed to the medicinal effect of this plant. No body weight neither anatomopathological lesions were seen.
Conclusions: The uniformity results of each experiment for the extracts studied indicates its reproducibility and validity
confirming that the LD50 of those extracts is above 2000 mg/kg BW.
147
FAPRONATURA 2006
P161- TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF A NEW ANTIANEMIC FORMULATION FROM
NATURAL PRODUCT DRY TROFÍN®
García Ya, González Ra, Bourg Va, González Yb, González Bb, Mancebo Ab, Bada AMb, Mier Yb, Arteaga MEb,
González Cb, Hernández Jb
a
National Center of Biological Products (BIOCEN) Beltrán Mainroad, 1 ½ Km, Bejucal, Havana. Cuba. bNational
Center of Breeding of Laboratory Animal (CENPALAB) Tirabeque, Cacahual Mainroad, 2 ½ Km, Bejucal, Havana,
Cuba. Email: [email protected]
Introduction: Iron deficiency is the most important nutritional disorder all over around the world. For prevention and
treatment of iron deficiency anemia iron salts obtain for synthetic pathway have a wide use in spite the adverse
effects and low bioavailability. On the contrary, heme iron containing in the blood haemoglobin has been a little use in
spite the high bioavailability and it doesn’t produce adverse reactions. Combination both type of iron for to obtain a
drug or a nutritional supplement is newness. The aim of this work was to evaluate the toxicity of a new formulation with
both heme iron of dry Trofín® and non heme iron of ferrous fumarate, in both acute and repeated doses by oral route
in Sprague-Dawley rats. Material and methods: In acute toxicity assay, doses evaluated were 6, 12 and 40 mgFe/kg
of corporal weight/day. In the repeat toxicity assay doses evaluated were 3, 6 and 12 mgFe/kg of corporal weight/day
and one group received the assayed substance doses of 12 mgFe/kg of corporal weight/day and was analyzed 14
days after the last administration (satellite). In both studies control groups received saline solution or dry Trofín®.
Clinical observations were done every days and corporal weight was measured weekly. Macroscopical necropsies
were done in both assays and in the repeated doses assays was done too histological preparations. Results: In both
assay 100% of rats survived and corporal weight of animals were increased. In the stomach of rats treated with low
and high doses of substance assayed a lightly reddish coloration, gastric mucous erosions and independent
hemorrhages were observed. Microscopical preparations showed hyperemic blood vessels with many congestion and
point-like erosions. None of these reactions were observed in satellite group. Conclusions: Adverse reactions
provoked by the assayed substance are characteristic adverse reactions due to utilization of iron salt in humans.
P162- TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF AN INFUSSION OF Bidens pilosa
Boffill M, Lorenzo G, Sainz O, Sanchez C, Betancourt E
Experimental Toxicology Unit. Medical College of Villa Clara, Aqueduct Rd. and Circumvallation, C.P.: 50200. Santa
Clara, Villa Clara, Cuba, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected]
Introduction: Bidens pilosa (romerillo) is a widely used medicinal plant for the treatment of many diseases and it has
been scientifically proved a lot of therapeutical actions. The objective of this paper is to determine if its potential
toxicity after the oral administration of an infusion of this plant in an single and repeated dose (28 days) using in both
cases limit doses and to assess if this preparation was a dermal irritant. Materials and Methods: acute toxicity was
evaluated in 2 groups of 10 SD rats each (5 males and 5 females), group 1 was treated and 2 was negative control. In
repeated dose toxicity were conformed 3 groups of 20 animals each (10 males and 10 females), group 1 was treated
with the infusion, group 2 treated with distilled water and number 3 was sentinel. Products were administered orally 6
days a week. Passed 28 days animals (groups 1 and 2) were sacrificed and group 3 was done so 30 days after.
Haematological and biochemical variables were measured and indicated organs were histopathologically evaluated.
Dermal irritancy war carried out using 3 rabbits for each preparation. Results: toxicological effects were absent in the
single dose study and repeated dose study behave in the same way. There were no oedemas or erythema in dermal
studies. Conclusions: It is proved that the infusion of B. alba is non toxic for single and repeated dose also for dermal
structures.
148
FAPRONATURA 2006
P163- TOXICOLOGICAL PRE-CLINICAL EVALUATION OF Isocarpha cubana BLAKE
Peña D1, Montes de Oca N1, Rojas S1, Parra A2, García G3
1
Facultad de Ciencias Médicas “Dr. Zoilo Marinello Vidaurreta”. Las Tunas. 2Laboratorio Provincial de Medicamentos.
Las Tunas. 3Laboratorios LIORAD. Centro de Estudios para las Investigaciones y Evaluaciones Biológicas (CEIEB).
Instituto de Farmacia y Alimentos. Universidad de La Habana.
Introduction: The common chamomile (Isocarpha cubana Blake) is a plant commonly used by our population. It has
the same properties scientifically tested on the sweet chamomile (Matricaria recutita, L.). A few studies have been
carried out about it and none has demonstrated that the plant is sufficiently harmless. Therefore, a pre-clinical
toxicological study on the plant is proposed as an indispensable preamble for experimentation with any product in
human beings and its subsequent production, commercialization and use in our health system. Materials and
methods: In this regard the trials on oral and dermic acute toxicity were developed. Taking into account the results
obtained, the oral acute toxicity was carried out by using two methods: limit dose and classes. All the trials on
irritability were also carried out. They included dermic, ophthalmic, rectal, vaginal and oral mucus trials and were
aimed at evaluating the irritant potential of the plant extract while in contact with the different corporeal structures in
one way or another. All the trials were carried out by following the protocols internationally established (ISO, OECD).
Results: The fluid extract provoked oral acute toxicity, with death in animals at limit dose and clinical signs of toxicity
at a lesser dose. It was classified as harmful by this way. From a dermic point of view, no sign of toxicity was
presented and there was weight gain in animals. It provoked slight macroscopic alterations in the oral mucus, no
dermic irritation at all, severe damage in the ocular structures and macroscopic alterations in the rectal and vaginal
mucus. No test of irritability presented any other clinical sign. Conclusions: The fluid extract presented oral acute
toxicity and was harmless from a dermic point of view. It is a non-irritant product for the oral mucus, slightly irritant by
the rectal and vaginal ducts and severely irritant for the ocular structures.
P164- CARDIOTOXIC ACTIONS OF STHICHOLYSINS I AND II, TWO CYTOLYSINS
ISOLATED FROM THE SEA ANEMONE Stichodactyla helianthus
Galán L1, Souto RD1, Ruiz Y1, Lanio ME2, Alvarez C2, Alvarez JL1
1
Laboratorio de Electrofisiología. Instituto de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascular. Calle 17 # 702, esq. a A, Vedado,
La Habana. 2Laboratorio de Biomembranas, Grupo de Proteínas y Enzimas, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de la
Habana. Calle 25 entre J e I, Vedado, La Habana, Cuba. Email: [email protected]
The sthicholysins I y II, are cytolytic proteins from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus that interact with biologic
membranes and form a oligomeric pore and thus produce the cellular lysis. In general the cytolysins are very lethal in
mammals. The cardiotoxic activity of the cytolysins seems to be the most important effect that conduces to animals to
death. For all these, our purpose was to study the actions of sthicholysins I and II on action potential and contraction of
isolated perffusing rat heart (Langendorff) and rat ventricular papillary muscle and on the sodium and calcium currents
of isolated rat ventricular cardiomyocytes using the patch-clamp technique in whole cell variant. Also we characterized
a possible pharmacologic action of theses cytolysins, additional and independent of the forming pore activity,
analyzing all the experiments mentioned here, but incubating the cytolysins in a basic pH (pH=11.5), because at this
pH value these proteins lost the cytolytic action. Both cytolysins produced a powerful cardiotoxic action, characterized
by bradicardia and depressed contraction. Also they produced arrhythmias and death of the preparation. Both
compounds depressed the sodium current and without effect on calcium current and they produced the cellular death.
All effects were irreversible. When the cytolysins were preincubated to pH = 11.5, also they produced bradicardia and
depressed the contraction of perfusing isolated rat hearts (Langendorff), but less powerful and the preparations did not
die. However, the cytolysins had not effects on sodium and calcium currents and they did not produced cellular death.
These results suggest that the additional pharmacologic action seen in Langendorff experiments is not linked with
these ionic channels.
149
FAPRONATURA 2006
P165- MEDICINAL
CHROMOTEST
PLANTS
ASSESSING
AS
RADIOPROTECTORS
USING
SOS
Fuentes JL1, Alonso A1, Cuetara E2, Vernhe M1, Alvarez N3, Sánchez-Lamar A4, Llagostera M5,6
1
Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN). Apartado Postal 6122. Calle 30, # 502, e/ 5ta y
7ma, Miramar, Playa, C. Habana, Cuba. 2Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CIBIOMED). Apartado Postal 3530,
Calle 146 No. 3102, Playa, C. Habana, Cuba. 3Instituto Finlay, Apartado Postal 16017, Calle 17 No. 19801, e/ 198 y
200, Playa, C. Habana, Cuba. 4Facultad de Biología de la Universidad de la Habana, calle 25 e/ I y J, Vedado, C.
Habana, Cuba. 5Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Edifici C, 08193
Cerdanyola del Vallès (Bellaterra),Spain. 6Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Universitat Autònoma de
Barcelona -Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentària (UAB-IRTA), Bellaterra, 08193 - Barcelona, Spain. Email:
[email protected]
Introduction: The study of radioprotective properties of phytochemicals enriches the radiotherapy horizon and
supports the continuous development of pharmaceutical industry. This work was aimed to evaluate antigenotoxicity
activity against γ-rays of plant extracts with proved antioxidant activity, and to elucidate the antigenotoxic mechanisms
involved in radioprotection using a modified protocol of the SOS Chromotest. Materials and Methods: The
radioprotective potential of Phyllanthus orbicularis HBK, Cymbopogon citrates (DC) Stapf and Pinus caribaea Morelet
aqueous extracts was compared with those observed using amifostine and the antigenotoxic mechanisms were clarify
using different approaches as pre- co- and post- treatment of bacterial cells with amifostine and each plant extract.
Results: The P. caribaea and C. citratus extracts were antigenotoxic against γ-rays when the cells were pre- or cotreated with both extracts, suggesting a possibly antigenotoxic action through free radicals scavenging mechanisms;
while the P. orbicularis was also antigenotoxic under post-irradiation treatment, indicating that several antimutagenic
components of this plant extract may also act by some intracellular mechanism unlike its antioxidant activity.
Antigenotoxic properties of P. orbicularis extract were comparable with those observed for amifostine. Conclusions:
The results are discussed in relation to the chemopreventive and therapeutic potential of the studied plant species.
The results have demonstrated the usefulness of the modified SOS Chromotest assay in the screening of
phytochemical radioprotectors as well as in studying of their antimutagenic mechanisms.
P166- TOXO-PLANT 1.0
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTION
TOXICOLOGY
OF
CUBAN
MEDICINAL
PLANTS
WITH
Domínguez A, Reyes L, García O, Macías B, y Pérez L
Centro de Toxicología y Biomedicina. Autopista Nacional Km. 1 ½. Apartado Postal 4033. Santiago de Cuba. Cuba.
Taking into consideration there is a great amount of not liable information, which is also disperse and not accessible
about toxicological characteristics in medicinal plants with antimicrobial action and also the information given by the
system of information and interconnectivity. It was conceived a software, with the objective of summing up,
concentrate and provide updated toxicological information, based in specific evidences obtained by in vivo and in vitro
(general toxicity, mutagenicity, teratogenicity immunotoxicity) developed in the Biomedical and Toxicology Center. This
software design had multiple principles into consideration (necessity, attention, multiple entries, multilane, uniformity)
multifactor (users, content, didactic function, structure, and easy up dated information). As result we obtained an
interactive multimedia (TOXO-Plant 1.0) with a modular structure, capable of selected information related to the level
of knowledge and interest of users using an acute, adequate, and simple language and its use is not based in the
application of highly computer knowledge.
150
FAPRONATURA 2006
P167- NEUROTOXIC EFFECTS PRODUCED BY PLANTS. KNOWLEDGE IN DOCTORS AND
PRACTITIONERS FROM EMPIRIC TRADITIONAL MEDICINE
López Ma, García Oa, Hernández LCb, Yera Yb, Rodríguez A2
a
Municipal Main Pharmacy #691,. Fructuoso Rodríguez #114A, Santo Domingo, Villa Clara, PC 53000, Cuba.
Calculation Center, Sugar Company George Washington, Batey Washington, Santo Domingo, Villa Clara, PC 53500,
Cuba, Email: [email protected], [email protected]
b
The consumers of the vegetable preparations don't always know the real reach of these. Many cheats the selection
and prosecution of the plants is based on the empiric knowledge of the tradition, existing the possibility that they plows
used since in an erroneous way what is dangerous they could it causes different toxicity degrees. In this sense it
becomes evident the necessity to offer information to the population and the personnel of the health. For it was carried
out a prospective study guided to determine the degree of knowledge that the doctors and practitioners of empiric
traditional medicine of Santo Domingo's town have, on the neurotoxic effects of 22 plants that are potentially usable
for their therapeutic possibilities for the population and they also grow in the country of Villa Clara. The data for the
analysis were obtained by means of the realization from an interview to the practitioners and a questionnaire to the
prescriptores. All the information was processed statistically by means of the program SPSS/PC, version 8.0. 20
practitioners and 11 doctors were included. Of the practitioners, 14 knew the toxic effects that the “Chamico” (Datura
stramonium L.) generates for the Central Nervous System, 9 those of the “Campana” (Datura arborea L.), 5 of the
“Piñón de Botija” (Jatropha curcas L.) and one those of the “Paraiso” (Melia azedarach L.), the toxic reactions of the
other plants were ignored. As for the physicians it was found that the 11 (100%) they only knew the neurotoxic effects
of Datura stramonium and Datura arborea. The toxicity of the other ones was unknown. The results demonstrate that a
great ignorance exists in the practitioners and doctors on the noxious effects of these plants. To increase the general
level of the practitioners' information they were made folding and chats were given; to the doctors they were designed
a pamphlet and it was design a database for consultation.
P168- EVALUATION OF ORAL ACUTE TOXICITY OF FIVE MEDICINAL HERBS BY MEANS
OF AN ALTERNATIVE METHOD
Alfonso Aa, Ramírez Kc, Betancourt Jb, Salas Hb, Puentes Ec, Domínguez Ad
Centro de Toxicología y Biomedicina. Autopista Nacional Km 1½ Apartado Postal 4033. Santiago de Cuba. Cuba.
Introduction: In spite of the several photochemical studies and therapeutic applications that have been carried out on
the medicinal herbs, their use in the human being should be preceded by scientific investigations validating its
therapeutic effectiveness and safety. For this reason, for the toxicological evaluation of five medicinal herbs, we
decided to use an alternative method instead of the conventional method. An advantage of this method is the use of a
smaller number of animals. Materials and Methods: For each trial 6 rats Sprague Dawley were selected (3 females
and 3 males) with 6-8 weeks of age and weight ranging from 150 to 200 g. Volume of decoction of the tested
substances to be administered was determined taking into account the initial weight. Trials were first made in females
and the dosage was of 2000 mg/kg. The substances were administered orally in a single dose by means of a stomach
tube # 10. The observation was initiated 48 hours after administration and during the 14 days of trials, as there were
not clinical signs or deaths. At 48 hours postadministration the female rats showed no clinical signs and deaths, for
which reason the administration was initiated in male rats and the same steps were followed as the females. Rats
were weighted the days 0, 7 and 14. On day 15 of trial the autopsy was made, as well as the gross examination of all
the organs. Results: Clinical signs that evidenced toxicity were not observed. All the female and male rats gained
weight and this was statistically significant among the days of trial and between females and males in every day of
trial. The organs studied grossly did not show lesions of diagnosis value. Conclusions: The decoctions of the
evaluated substances are considered "without classifying" in the animal model, the level of used dose and under the
observed experimental conditions.
151
FAPRONATURA 2006
P169- PRE-CLINIC EVALUATION OF PROTEASES FROM C. candamarcensis AS DERMAL
HEALING PRINCIPLES
Lemos FO1, Mello VJ1, Cassali GD2, Salas CE3 and Lopes MTP1
Departments of 1Farmacologia, 2Patologia and 3Bioquímica e Imnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade
Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31270-010, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
Prior results from our group demonstrate that a cysteine proteinase containing fraction from C candamarcensis latex
displays mitogenic activity, like that seen in growth factors added to mammalian cell lines. Considering the proteolytic
and proliferative activities of this fraction (P1G10), we evaluated its skin healing ability on lesions in Hairless or Swiss
depilated mice, as well as, some toxicological parameters following topical administration. Primary dermal irritation,
measured by the Draize method, showed that P1G10 (<1% w/w), did not enhance dermal irritation or corrosion on
intact or scarified Hairless mice skin. The healing activity of P1G10 (1 and 0.1%) on Hairless or Swiss mice scarified
skin showed a 5-fold increase in healing rate of the lesion compared to the control containing Polawax alone (vehicle).
The weight variation and histopathologic analysis of Swiss mice organs topically treated during 3 or 6 months with
0.1% P1G10 in Polawax vehicle, did not suffer significant alterations compared to control animals. In view of the
pharmacological activity exhibited by P1G10 in pre clinical tests, and the absence of toxicity, also demonstrated
following systemic application (data not shown), we conclude that P1G10 has a dermal healing therapeutic potential.
The next step of this study involves the evaluation of clinical safety for this formulation. Acknowledgements: Support by
CNPq, FAPEMIG and CAPES.
P170- ESTUDIO FARMACOTOXICOLÓGICO DE LOS EXTRACTOS SECOS OBTENIDOS DE
LA SEMILLA DE Thevetia peruviana
Campos A1, Magos G1, Rodríguez A1, González C1, Aguilar A2 y Martínez E1
1
Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM; 2Herbario IMSSM, México D.F., 04510.
La Thevetia peruviana (Tp) es una planta que pertenece a la familia de las Apocináceas. En México, se localiza en
regiones tropicales y subtropicales y es parte de la flora de todos los estados de la republica donde recibe diferentes
nombres (hueso de fraile, codo de fraile, narciso amarillo, etc). Las semillas de la Tp se usa empíricamente con
propósitos terapéuticos en diversas patologías, el uso indiscriminado para reducir de peso corporal ha provocado
numerosos casos de intoxicaciones que se manifiestan a nivel cardiovascular y gastrointestinal, algunos de ellos con
consecuencias mortales. En este estudio se identifican los efectos tóxicos agudos de los extractos obtenidos de la
semilla de Tp con acetato de etilo (AE), metanol (MeOH) y agua (A). A lotes diferentes de ratones macho, adultos de
la cepa CFW, se les administró por vía ip, los extractos secos a varias dosis (n de 10 animales por dosis). El grupo
control recibió el vehículo. Se midió la temperatura rectal, se registraron las manifestaciones de toxicidad y se calculo
la dosis letal cincuenta (DL50). También se estudiaron los efectos de los extractos sobre el corazón registrando el
electrocardiograma en ratas Wistar macho. Las manifestaciones que presentaron los animales que recibieron los
extractos secos MeOH y A, fueron similares a las que se presentan por la intoxicación digitálica; se observó una
marcada retención urinaria e intensa hipotérmia, efectos dependientes de la dosis. En contraste, el extracto de AE no
mostró signos de toxicidad. La DL50 para los extractos secos de MeOH y A se ubican en la categoría toxicológica de
4 (muy tóxico), mientras que para el AE es de 2 (moderadamente tóxico).
152
FAPRONATURA 2006
P171- EVALUACIÓN DE LA ACTIVIDAD TÓXICA DE DIVERSOS EXTRACTOS SOBRE
Artemia salina
Tapia R1, Estrada M1, Vega E1, Lobato A1, Alvarez C2, Ortiz V1, Velasco R1
1
Departamento de Ciencias de la Salúd, 2Departamento de Hidrobiología. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana
Iztapalapa, México, D.F. 09340. Email: [email protected]
Hoy en día se emplean a nivel mundial plantas medicinales para el tratamiento de diversas enfermedades. En
México es común esta práctica para combatir infecciones y cáncer. Para validar el uso de las plantas se realizan
pruebas biológicas in vitro e in vivo, estas últimas requieren mayor espacio y adiestramiento en el uso de animales.
Un procedimiento rápido, sencillo, reproducible y de bajo costo para pruebas de toxicidad general in vivo es utilizando
un organismo multicelular como la larva de Artemia salina (crustáceo, subclase Branchiopoda). El objetivo de este
trabajo es determinar la toxicidad aguda sobre A. salina de extractos o fracciones de Solanum torvum, S. hispidum,
Cuphea aequipetala, Tillandsia recurvata y Sargassum vulgaris, los cuales en estudios anteriores presentaron
actividad antibacteriana o citotóxica in vitro sobre células humanas transformadas, exceptuando a S. vulgaris. Para
realizar esta prueba se utilizaron vasos de precipitado de 10 mL en los que se prepararon diluciones de 10, 100 y
1000ppm, de la solución inicial del extracto de prueba (10 mg/ml), en 5 ml de solución salina artificial, se colocaron
10 larvas de Artemia salina en cada recipiente y 24 horas después se contaron las artemias vivas y muertas. Se
empleó como control positivo de mortalidad K2CrO4 (10 mg/mL) y como negativo Dimetilsulfoxido al 50 % (DMSO).
Se probó cada dilución por triplicado con tres repeticiones. El porcentaje de mortalidad (%M) provocado con dosis de
1000ppm del extracto de Solanum torvum y S. hispidum (con actividad citotóxica), fue de 31.91 y 21.73 %,
respectivamente, mientras que en las fracciones de Cuphea aequipetala fue de 98 y 100% con 100 y 1000ppm,
respectivamente. Tillandsia recurvata (con actividad antibacteriana) provocó 37.89% de mortalidad a 1000ppm.
Sargassum vulgaris presentó 21.9%M a la máxima concentración probada. Se observa correlación de la toxicidad
obtenida in vitro e in vivo.
P172- VALORACIÓN CITO Y GENOTÓXICA DEL EXTRACTO ACUOSO DE Psacalium
peltatum (MATARIQUE) EN CULTIVOS DE LINFOCITOS HUMANOS
Casillas IL, Dávalos KV, Hurtado M, Cruz A, Aguilar M A, Velasco-Lezama R, Alarcón F
Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, México. Email: [email protected]
En México, como en muchos otros países del mundo, el uso de extractos de plantas para la atención de la salud es
una tradición ancestral. Experimentos realizados en la UAM Iztapalapa han mostrado que el extracto acuoso del
matarique, P. peltatum, tiene efecto hipoglucemiante en ratas y citotóxico para las células de cáncer de próstata in
vitro. Con el fin de determinar el posible efecto cito y genotóxico de ese extracto sobre células no transformadas, se
expusieron cultivos de linfocitos humanos de 10 donadores al extracto durante 48 horas (concentraciones finales de
1, 10 y 100 µg/ ml ) empleando como marcadores el índice mitótico (IM), la cinética de proliferación (CP), la
frecuencia de alteraciones cromosómicas (AC) y el daño al ADN mediante el ensayo cometa. El extracto en
concentración de 10 µg/ ml elevó significativamente el IM pero, los linfocitos estimulados únicamente con el extracto
no proliferaron por lo que es probable que potencie al mitógeno usado (fitohemaglutinina). El IM disminuyó
significativamente en el lote expuesto a 100 µg/ ml, por lo que posiblemente esa concentración sea tan dañina que
merme la población celular proliferante. En lo que a la velocidad de replicación celular se refiere, no se registraron
diferencias significativas entre los diferentes lotes. Tampoco se encontraron variaciones significativas del número
diploide 2n=46 ni en la frecuencia de aberraciones estructurales. El ensayo cometa mostró que a partir de la
exposición a 10 µg/ ml la proporción de células con daño al ADN aumentó significativamente así como la longitud
promedio de la migración del ADN. Sin embargo, aún la mayor lesión registrada se encuentra en el intervalo de
menor daño, menos de 20 µm. Los efectos observados del extracto acuoso de P. peltatum servirán para definir las
dosis que deberán tomar los pacientes y estarán estrechamente relacionados con el padecimiento a tratar.
153
FAPRONATURA 2006
P173- MICROENSAYO MODIFICADO DE TOXICIDAD SOBRE LARVAS DE Artemia salina
Molina-Salinas G, Said-Fernández S
Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Dos de Abril y San Luis Potosí,
Colonia Independencia, Monterrey N.L., México. C.P. 64720. Email: [email protected].
Las larvas de Artemia salina son ampliamente utilizadas como un modelo para determinar la toxicidad de productos
sintéticos y naturales; este ensayo es sencillo, económico y rápido. Las larvas de A. salina son usadas también en
microensayos de toxicidad, los cuales permiten evaluar un gran número de productos y series de diluciones (Solis et
al., 1993). Sin embargo, nosotros observamos sistemáticamente que cerca del 30% de las larvas no tratadas morían.
Con el propósito de mejorar la supervivencia y movilidad de las larvas, fijamos y controlamos varios parámetros: pH=
8.5 para el agua de mar artificial, alimentación durante eclosión, crecimiento y ensayo de toxicidad, larvas fototrópicas
de 36 h, incubación de microplaca en cámara húmeda con agitación a 100 rpm e iluminación controlada.
Adicionalmente incluimos como controles internos, diluciones seriadas de K2Cr2O7 (100.00-0.78 µg/mL), un conocido
control positivo. La CL50 para K2Cr2O7 fue calculada mediante análisis Probit. Las modificaciones anteriormente
mencionadas permitieron obtener el 100% de la supervivencia y muy buena movilidad de las larvas en los controles
negativos. La CL50 para K2Cr2O7 fue 11.54 µg/mL, valor muy cercano al 12.50 µg/mL previamente reportado
(González-Pérez et al., 2001). Los resultados obtenidos nos permitieron tener control de nuestro ensayo y los datos
fueron analizados rápida y fácilmente. Nosotros proponemos este microensayo modificado el cual ofrece
reproducibilidad y confiabilidad.
Referencias: 1. Solis PN, Wright CW, Andersen MM, et al. A microwell cytotoxicity assay using Artemia salina (brine shrimp).
Planta Med 1993;59:250-2. 2. González-Pérez Y, Aportela-Gilling P. Determinación de la toxicidad aguda del dicromato de potasio
en larvas de Artemia salina. Anuario Toxicología 2001;1:104-8.
P174- MANGIFERIN, A GLUCOSYLXANTHONE EXTRACTED FROM Mangifera indica L.
PROTECTS FROM INJURY INDUCED TO DNA: in vitro STUDIES
Rodeiro I, Morffi J, Garrido G and Delgado R
Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Centro de Química Farmacéutica, 200 y
21, Atabey, Playa, Ciudad Habana. Email: [email protected]
Mangiferina is a glucosylxanthone that can be extracted from Mangifera indica L. (Mango). In the last years, this
polyphenol has been extensively studied and attributed different pharmacological properties as antitumoral, antiinflammatory, antiviral, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, immunomodulator, among other effects. In this study, the
effects of mangiferin were evaluated on the damage induced by the gamma radiations and/or different
mutagenic agents on the DNA using a battery of in vitro tests. They were used in the study two tests in bacteria:
the Ames test in Salmonella typhimurium and the test of induction of SOS genes in E. coli. On the other hand,
the effects of mangiferin were evaluated on the DNA damage study of human lymphocytes from peripheral
blood, the cell line of human linfoblastoid (AT567T) and hepatocytes’ culture using the Comet Assay. The results
allow to affirm that mangiferin protects from mutagenicity induced in bacteria by mutagenic agents that is
exposed the man frequently (mitomicin C, bleomicin and cyclophosphamide). The compound, in a concentration
range of 5-100 ug/mL, also protected from the DNA damage of the biological radiations in all the test systems
that were used. Mangiferin was able to protect (5-25 ug/mL) from the damage induced to the DNA by the
hydrogen peroxide in the primary cultivation of rat hepatocytes. These results suggest that the antioxidant
activity of mangiferin is related with the anti-mutagenic and anti-genotoxic effects observed in these tests and
they enlarge the pharmacological properties of this compound.
154
FAPRONATURA 2006
P175- HEALING EFFECT OF THE SKIN-REGENERATED CREAM USING IN TRAUMATIC
ULCERS OF WISTAR RATS LOWER MEMBERS
Alfonso M, Quintela A, Lemus R, Garcia M
Vascular Surgery and Angiology Institute. Calzada del Cerro 1551 esquina Dominguez, La Habana, Cuba.
Introduction: The skin-regenerated cream is a natural product (peloide) formed by clay, mud, and gherkins. Its main
functions consist in the healing, regeneration and skin- rebuilding process. Materials and method: 30 Wistar rats
were used divided fortuitously into 3 groups of 10 animals each other. It was applied to group 1 the cream studied. In
group 2, it was applied Zinc Oxide (Conventional treatment) and In group 3 (control) it wasn’t applied any cream.
Results: After 72 hours of treatment, 50 percent of animals from group 1 and 30 percent from group 2 get better.
There weren’t change in group 3. After 7 days of treatment, 100 percent from group 1 had healed their ulcers; however
30 percent from group 2 and 70 percent from group 3 still had ulcers without healing. Conclusions: This study
allowed us to know and evaluate the healing process of the skin-regenerated cream, a national and accessible
product. For this reason, we recommend to perform the clinical assay using this product in affected patients who suffer
from ulcers.
P176- PHARMACOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF A HYALURONIC ACID JELLY FOR THE
WOUND HEALING
Oruña L1, Lago G2, Coto G2, Bousa P3
1
Center of Molecular Immunology. 216 esq. 15. Atabey. Playa, Habana 11 600. 2Placentary Histoterapy Center. 18
esq. 43. Playa, Habana 11 600. 3Evaluation of Drug Center 26 esq. Calzada del Cerro, Havana, Cuba.
Introduction: To assess pharmacologically three concentrations levels of a hyaluronic acid (HA) jelly that was
obtained of the umbilical cord of human placental in the treatment of wound healing following morphological and
biochemical indicators. Methods: Sixty Spraguey Dawley rats were used under controlled experimental conditions of
temperature, humidity, 12/12 hr light cycles and ad libitum feeding. A wound was made on the dorsum of each animal
with an 8 mm cutaneous biotome. Treatments were: spontaneous control (C), placebo (P), positive control (C+) and
2, 4 and 8% of HA jelly. Animals were treated for 7 days, and a daily clinical control of the wounds was made.
Slaughtering was carried out at 7 days of treatment and samples were taken for histopathological studies with the H/E
tinting and trichromic of Masson to evaluate the dermal reconstitution (DR) and epithelial migration (EM).
Morphometric studies through a computer image treatment system (Digipat System) estimated the re-epitheliazed
area and other indicators. Also the biochemical indicators were determined by acid hydrolysis as α amino, total amino
acids and the identification among others of hydroxyproline through an amino acid analyser (Pharmacia). Results:
The 2 and 4% HA jelly showed the best response regarding the remaining treatments with higher re-epithelization
percentage and epithelial migrations, respectively. DR showed a difference between the two levels where 4% attained
100% in the II and III Degrees and 2% an 80% in the II Degree. The biochemical indicators performed similarly for the
jelly in the three concentrations with a decreasing trend in 8, and 2%, respectively. Conclusion: On analysing
integrally the results it is considered that 4% jelly attains the best therapeutic efficiency in the wounds healing.
155
FAPRONATURA 2006
P177- PRECLINICAL EVALUATION OF Rhizophora mangle L. AS ANTIULCEROGENIC
POTENTIAL DRUG
Sánchez-Perera LMa, Beringuer Bb, Martin Calero MJ b, Bulnes Ca, Escobar Aa, Carnesolta Dc, Remigio MAd
a
Chemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology Group, National Centre for Animal and Plant Heath Cuba, CENSA, Apdo.
10, San José de las Lajas, La Habana, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected] bDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty
of Pharmacy, Profesor García González Street No. 2, 41012 Seville, Spain. cINOR, Cuba. dCIDEM, Cuba
Rhizophora mangle L. is vegetal specie with a high distribution in Cuba. This specie is characterized by several
ethnobotanical activities as antiseptic, astringent and a fungicide, as well for treating skin ulcers. In the present work
we described a complete pharmacological, toxicological and chemical evaluation of this plant by it use as human
medicine in the treatment of gastroduodenal ulcers. Acute and chronic’s gastric and duodenal models were used by
test they antiulcerogenic effect. These models were: protective and prostaglandin activity in ethanol-HCL;
indomethacin and diclofenac models in rats. Antisecretor effect in the pyloric ligation. Duodenal activity in cysteamine
administration test and chronic ulcers produced by topical application of acetic acid on gastric wall. Other
pharmacological test were making as intestinal transit, activity over arterial pression and ileum activity. We studied
chemical
profile
of
this
aqueous
extract
by
colorimetric,
HPLC
and
Gas Chromatography and we make some toxicological studied (acute and sub- acute toxicological studied and
genotoxicological testing). Aqueous extract of Rhizophora mangle ´s bark shown gastroprotective, antioxidant,
antisecretor effects, as well this extract induced a recovery of PGE2 levels in doses – dependence comparable of
knowledge antiulcerogenic medicaments. Not effect was observed by arterial pression in rats and intestinal transit was
inhibited. The intestinal motility was stimulated. The extract presented polyphenolic structures (54.78%) and other
structural components (45.22%). Polymeric tannins were the major polyphenolic component (80%) and 20% were
hydrolysable tannins. Epicatechin, catechin, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid and ellagic acid were monomeric structures
determined in this extract. Phytosterols (0.0285%): stigmasterol, β-sitosterol and likewise campesterol were present
too. No toxicological signs were obtained by this extract in the maxim therapeutic doses. Acknowledgments: I wish to
express my gratitude to Professor Ma. José Martin Calero; University of Seville, Spain and Coordinator of PIGASTRIN Project, X-10,
CYTED for the opportunity offered to collaborate with CENSA staff on natural products research- finding by the treatment of
gastrointestinal action. Thanks are due to The Cuban Minister of Public Health for financial support of the projects.
References: 1. Sánchez LM et al (2001). Journal of Ethnopharmacology 77, 1-3. 2. Sánchez LM et al. (2004). Pharmaceutical
Biology 42 (3). 3. Sánchez LM et. Al. (2006) Journal of Herbal Pharmacotherapy 6(5). 4. Beringuer Bettina, Sánchez LM et al.
(2006) Journal of Ethnopharmacology 103(2) pp. 194-200.
156

fapronatura 2006 - Biblioteca Virtual en Salud de Cuba

Transcription

Similar documents

Charanga Tropical: Cuba Linda

645 $775 $725

American Imperialism DBQ

Cuba - Ocean Park Baptist Church

8211 - WWDP Childrens Activity Sheet Cuba 2016 4pp st4.indd

Examples of U.S. Dollars rejected by Cuba

A photo-spread of Cuba - The Friedman Archives

Time Chart #1 - History of Cuba

415 $495 $455