July 2014 Color Presentation Hosted by Hoofbeats by the Beach 4H

Transcription

Chincoteague Pony Colors
http://www.colorfulchincoteague.mistysheaven.com
(c) 2014, Amanda Geci/The Colorful
Chincoteague
Genetics Basics
Gene-A segment of DNA capable of producing a specific
trait.
Locus-Location of a gene on a chromosome.
Allele-Alternative forms of a gene producing different
effects. Two are inherited, one from each parent.
Early Chincoteague Ponies
(c) 2014, Amanda Geci/The Colorful Chincoteague
Color Building Blocks
Base Color
Dilution and/or Modifier
White Patterns
Many different combinations
Each dilution and modifier acts differently when
combined with the base color
Dominant vs. Recessive
Can’t hide
Can’t skip generations
Hides recessive
Can hide
Can skip generations
Hides behind dominant
Incomplete dominant
2 copies act differently
from 1 copy
Recessive Chestnut
Matt
DesJardins
Tuffer Than Leather
Misty’s Morning Glory
Matt
DesJardins
Misty’s Red Dawn
Phenotype vs. Genotype
Outward Appearance
Black Tobiano
Living Legend
Genetic Makeup
Smoky Black Tobiano
with recessive Chestnut
Heterozygous vs. Homozygous
One copy
50% passed on
One parent can carry
Two copies
100% passed on
Both parents must carry
The Colorful
Chincoteague
Misty’s Heat Wave
Palomino
Misty’s Icicle
Cremello
Punnet Square
Diagram used to predict the results of a particular
cross.
Sire
A
a
A
AA
Aa
a
Aa
aa
Dam
A-Dominant
a-Recessive
Aa-Heterozygous
AA & aa-Homozygous
Foal Coats
Shedding chestnut foal
Foal primitive markings
Misty’s Red Dawn
Sunfaded black foal
Foal dorsal
Buckskin foal coat
2007 Living Legend Colt
Palomino foal coat
Misty’s Sunfire
The Base Colors
Black
Chestnut
Bay
Brown
Extension (E) (e)
•
•
•
•
Basis of all equine color
Dominant (E) creates the black base color
Recessive (e) creates the chestnut base color
Every horse has a red or black base
Black (E)
• Dominant
• Homozygous blacks (EE) can only produce
black based ponies
• Heterozygous black (Ee) can produce black
and chestnut based ponies
• Fading blacks fade in the sun to varying
degrees, non fading blacks do not
Black (E)
Sammie
1967 stallion
The Colorful
Chincoteague
Misty’s Black Mist
Ace’s Black Tie Affair
Chincoteague Sable
Misty’s Storm Chaser
Chestnut (e)
• AKA sorrel, red
• Recessive
• A pony must receive two copies of chestnut to
be chestnut
• Cannot carry black
• Chestnut+Chestnut=Chestnut
Chestnut (e)
Phantom Mist
Kayak
Rainy’s Boy
Catwalk Chaos
Mickey & Jiggy
Butterfly Kisses
Agouti (A) (a)
• Extension turns on black and agouti determines
where it will go
• Limits or suppresses the black
• Dominant (A) results in bay and brown
• Recessive (a) results in black
• Placement of the black is recessive, the ability to
create black is dominant
• Because there is no black hair on chestnuts it has no
affect on them, however chestnuts can carry it and
pass it on
Bay (A)
• Dominant
• Black is restricted to the points and lightens
the body color
• Chestnut x Black=Bay or Chestnut x Bay=Black
are possible
• Test is available
Bay (A)
Matt
DesJardins
Ocean Star
Misty's Chesapeake Bay
The Colorful
Chincoteague
Misty's Raindrop
Sock it to Me
Rainbow Swirl
Brown (At)
• AKA seal brown
• Dominant
• Light brown around nose, eyes, and on the
flanks with black points
• Often visually indistinguishable from dark bay
Brown (At)
Witch Doctor
Dreamcatcher
The Duchess of Lightning
Matt
DesJardins
Surf N Turf
2010 Dreamcatcher Colt
Wild Bay (A+)
• The black legs are very minimal or nonexistent
• No test available
Wild Bay Frame
Topsy
Paint Horse
Wild Buckskin
Kachina Grand Star
Dilutions
Cream
Silver
Cream (CR)
• Incomplete Dominant
• Dilutes chestnut/red hair
• Single dilutes
- Palomino, Buckskin, Smoky Black
• Double dilutes
- Cremello, Perlino, Smoky Cream
Palomino
• Chestnut + Cream
• Dark eyes and dark skin
• Lightens body color and makes the mane and
tail white
Palomino
Chief Golden Eagle
Misty's May Day Twister
Misty
Tornado's Prince of Tides
Buckskin
•
•
•
•
Bay or Brown + Cream
Dark eyes and skin
Lightens the body color but not the points
White hairs (aka frosting) in the mane are
common
Buckskin
Copper Moose
Honey Two
Gunner's Moon
Glacier
Smoky Black
• Black + Cream
• Cream cannot dilute black so cream appears to
hide
• Foals sometimes have gold hair inside their ears
• Some will appear more faded, others will look
like normal blacks
• Usually verified using test for cream or by
producing an obviously cream foal
Smoky Black
The Colorful
Chincoteague
Noah's Shadow
MCC's Kittywampus
Misty Moon Dancer
2003 colt out of Blondie
Misty's Lunar Eclipse
Double Cream Dilutes
●
Double cream dilution
●
Homozygous for cream
●
Chestnut+Cream+Cream=Cremello
●
Bay or Brown+Cream+Cream=Perlino
●
Black+Cream+Cream=Smoky Cream
●
Always have blue eyes and pink skin
Double Cream Dilutes
Perlino
Spook
Smoky Cream Tobiano
Misty's Silver Moon
Cremello Tobiano
Island White Gold
Perlino
Thistle
Cremello
Misty's Icicle
Silver (Z)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
AKA silver dapple, chocolate, taffy
Dominant
Dilutes black only, so it appears to hide on chestnut
Lightens the points, flaxen is common
Seasonal and age color shifts are common
Test is available
Some homozygous silvers have a genetic eye
condition called Anterior Segment Dysgenesis (ASD)
Silver (Z)
Surfer Dude's Riptide
Surfer Dude
Painting
Ponies
Tidewater Surfer Chique
EquineNow
Starlight
bay silver mare
Modifiers
Sooty
Flaxen
Pangaré
Sooty
• AKA smutty
• Darkens pony’s color with scattered black hairs
• Can occur on any color
• No official study has been done, but it may be
inheritable
Sooty
Sooty Buckskin
Zebe Beebe Bella
Sooty Buckskin Tobiano
Moonlight Tornado
Matt
DesJardins
Sooty chestnut
Elusive Star
Sooty palomino
Misty’s Twist O' Mist
Flaxen
• Chestnut
- Lightens the manes and/or tails
- May be inheritable based on a limited study
done in Morgans
• Bay and Black
- Cause and inheritance is not known
- Less common than flaxen chestnut
- Sometimes called gulastra plume
Flaxen
Ken
Sea Star
1967 Pony
Maryland Pony
Pangaré
• AKA mealy, light-pointed
• Pale hair around the muzzle, eyes, and
underside of the body
• Foals often have foal pangaré that they lose
when shedding the foal coat
Pangaré
Chestnut tobiano with pangaré
Rainbow Delight
Bay pangaré
Chestnut foal pangaré
Bay foal and adult with pangaré
(c) 2014, Amanda Geci/The Colorful Chincoteague Buckskin
foal with pangaré
Color Compilation
Dam
Palomino
Quarter Horse
Sire
Black Silver
Rocky Mountain Horse
AGeci
Sooty Silver Buckskin
Cody
Black+Agouti+Cream+Silver+Sooty
White Patterns
Tobiano
Splash
Sabino
White Spotting
Roan
Tobiano (TO)
•
•
•
•
•
•
Dominant
Usually have four white legs, three rarely
Heads are usually solid with normal markings
White is generally on the shoulders and hips
Can be extremely minimal
Test is available
Tobianos in 1938
Tobiano (TO)
The Colorful
Chincoteague
ShyAnne
Tornado's Prince of Tides
Lady Hook
Painting
Ponies
Ace's Black Tie Affair
Chocolate Dip
Chincoteague Minnow
Splash (SW1)
•
•
•
•
•
AKA splash white, splash overo
Incomplete dominant
Usually accompanied by blue eyes
Test is available
Four other testable types of splash exist that are less
common
• Likely are more forms that have not yet been found as
obviously splash horses have tested negative
• Associated with congenital deafness, but most
splashes are normal
Splash (SW)
Surfer Dude
Surfer Dude x Thetis
Maryland Pony
2011 Foal
Surfer Dude x
Island Breeze
Surfer Dude’s Riptide
Sabino (SB)
• High white, belly spots, wide blazes, white
chin, “chrome”, lacy white spots, etc
• Test available for Sabino 1 (SB1)
- Incomplete dominant
- Homozygous SB1 is all white with pink skin
• Sabino will likely continued be used as a descriptive
term
Sabino (SB)
Rainy's Boy
Maryland Pony
Misty's
Heaven
Stormcloud
The Colorful
Chincoteague
Shore Thing
Star Gazer
White Spotting (W)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Dominant
Pink skin, spotted or white coat, and dark eyes
Can lose pigment as the horse ages
20 types of white spotting have been identified thus far
Some are homozygous lethal, but not all
W20 appears to be widespread and very minimal
Likely many many more exist
Possible whites from 1967
White Spotting (W)
Wikipedia
W1 Freiberger
AGeci
W2 Thoroughbred
White Prince
Wikipedia
W3 Arabian
R Khasper
Wikipedia
W4 Camarillo White
W5 Thoroughbred
Puchilingui
W? Thoroughbred
Airdrie Apache
Mixed Pinto
• Multiple pinto patterns compounded
Tobiano+Splash
Thetis
Tobiano+Sabino?
Colt out of Trinity
Tobiano+Splash
All That Jazz
Tobiano+Splash
Island Breeze
Tobiano+Sabino?
1967 foal
Roan
• Dominant
• White hairs scattered through the coat
• Classic roan: head and points are dark
- Can test for homozygous only at this time
- Seasonal and age changes are common
- Corn spots are dark marks on roan body
• Rabicano: roaning on the flanks, tailhead (aka
coon tail), and often white striping
- Test not available
Roan
Chestnut Roan
Maryland Pony
Bay Roan
Shore Thing
Aged Chestnut Roan
“Rosie”
Wikipedia
Matt DesJardins
Black & Bay Classic Roan
Welsh Ponies
Matt DesJardins
Chestnut Classic Roan
Welsh Ponies
Chestnut Rabicano Roan
Arabian
Roaning
• Roaning not associated with classic roan or
rabicano
• Random roan spots and roaning are a
common occurrence on tobianos
• Some roaning may be attributed to sabino,
some cannot
Roaning
Dakota Sky
Painting
Ponies
Chesapeake Lightning
The Duchess of Lightning
Spirit of Assateague
Carnival Baby
Other
Ink Spots
Bend Or Spots
Countershading
Ermine Spots
Ink Spots
• AKA cat tracks, paw prints
• Spots of color on the white part of a pinto
markings
• Often look roany
• Can be an indicator of a homozygous tobiano
Ink Spots
15 Friends of Freckles & A Splash of Freckles
Miracle Man
Non Homozygous
Cezanne
Whisper
Bend Or Spots
•
•
•
•
AKA grease spots, smuts
Near black spots on coat color
No official studies, but may be hereditary
No test available
Bloodhorse/Eberhardt
Misty’s Raindrop
Thoroughbred
California Chrome
Thoroughbred
GP's Krugerrand
Countershading
• Primitive markings not associated with dun
• Creates dorsal stripes, leg barring, etc.
Morgan
Haberman
Buckskin with dorsal
Zebe Beebe Bella
Bay with dorsal
Unci
Bay with leg barring
Cooper
Arabian
Ermine Spots
• Dark spots on white legs
• Generally near the hoof
The Colorful
Chincoteague
Misty's Black Mist
Misty's Morning Glory
Sock it to Me
Colors Not Found in
Chincoteague Ponies*
Dun
Grey
Frame
Champagne
Appaloosa
*But not all of them
and only currently!
Dun (D)
• Dilution that dilutes red and black
• Dominant
• Characterized by dorsal stripe, leg barring, and
shoulder stripes
• Buckskin and Dun are different dilutions
Dun (D)
colorgenetics.info
Black Dun/Grulla
Konik
colorgenetics.info
Buckskin Dun
Appaloosa Cross
colorgenetics.info
colorgenetics.info
Chestnut Dun
Quarter Horse
colorgenetics.info
Fjord
Bay Dun
Campolina
colorgenetics.info
Palomino Dun
Quarter Horse
Grey (G)
• Dominant
• Greys are born a color and then “grey out”
• Likely historically existed in Chincoteagues
- Grey Arabian stallion Skowreym was used as an outcross
sire in the 1960’s
●
Dapple grey, fleabit grey, rose grey, steel grey are all
different stages in greying
●
Test is available
Skowreym
Possible grey
from an old
postcard
Grey (G)
Unbridled’s Song
Thoroughbred Stallion
AGeci
Grey (G)
colorgenetics.info
Chubari/Tetrarch Spots
Arabian
colorgenetics.info
colorgenetics.info
Bloody Markings
Arabian
Fleabit Grey
Korrie Lehmann
CPR
Young Grey Tobiano
Bristol
Older Grey Tobiano
Paint
CPR
White Grey
Shadow
Champagne (Ch)
•
•
•
•
Dilution
Dominant
Dilutes the body and points
Hazel eyes and often have an iridescent sheen to the
coat
• Born with blue eyes, pink skin, and brown hooves
• Found in Stock Horse breeds, Southern Gaited breeds,
Saddlebreds, Miniatures, American Cream Draft
Champagne (Ch)
colorgenetics.info
Black (Classic) Champagne
colorgenetics.info
colorgenetics.info
Bay (Amber) Champagne
Missouri Foxtrotter
Chestnut (Gold) Champagne
American Cream Draft
colorgenetics.info
colorgenetics.info
Brown (Sable) Champagne
Quarter Horse
Buckskin Champagne
Quarter Horse
colorgenetics.info
Smoky Black Dun Champagne
Quarter Horse
Frame (O)
• AKA frame overo, overo
• Dominant
• Typically have dark legs with white on the sides
of the body
• Heterozygous only
• Homozygous is Overo Lethal White Syndrome
(OLWS)
- Two frames should never be bred together
Frame (O)
colorgenetics.info
Paint
colorgenetics.info
Thoroughbred
colorgenetics.info
colorgenetics.info
Paint
Grade
colorgenetics.info
Mustangs
Appaloosa (Lp)
• Incomplete dominant
• The Leopard Complex is what creates appaloosa
• Patterning genes creates the many varied
patterns
• White spots on color, striped hooves, white
sclera, mottled skin are characteristic traits
• Age changes are common
Appaloosa mare & foal
at 1981 Pony Penning
• www.appaloosaproject.info
Appaloosa (Lp)
Wikipedia
Wikipedia
Snowcap
Varnish Roan
Leopard
Spotted Blanket
Wikipedia
Wikipedia
Wikipedia
Wikipedia
Fewspot
Snowflake
Recommended Resources
http://equinetapestry.com
Recommended Resources
Genetic Testing
UC Davis: http://www.vgl.ucdavis.edu/services/coatcolorhorse.php
Animal Genetics Inc: http://www.equinetesting.com
Pet DNA Services: http://www.petdnaservicesaz.com/equine-testing
Color Websites
http://colorgenetics.info/equine
http://www.morgancolors.com
Foal Color Calculator: http://www.equinetesting.com/Equine/CCalculator1.asp
http://www.silverequine.com
http://www.whitehorseproductions.com/equinecolor.html

July 2014 Color Presentation Hosted by Hoofbeats by the Beach 4H

Transcription

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