UNDP/ JICA 連携研修 森林保全（REDD+) と社会配慮、ジェンダー

2011/12/12
UNDP/ JICA Training
Forest conservation（REDD+),
Gender and Social condition
Basic information for group work 1
Kaori SAKAMAKI
13, December, 2011
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Contents
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Basic information of PAREDD Project
Forest Cover Change in PAREDD Site
Scope of PAREDD Approach for REDD+
PAREDD Approach for Reducing Deforestation
Steps of PAREDD Approach -Planning Stage
Steps of PAREDD Approach -Implementation
Stage
7. Steps of PAREDD Approach -Monitoring Stage
8. Basic information for target area
Houaykhing Village cluster Phonsay district Lunag
Prebang
9. Tasks for Group work
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1. Basic information of PAREDD Project
Project Title
Participatory Land and Forest Management Project for Reducing
Deforestation in Lao PDR (PAREDD)
Project Period
24 August, 2009 – 23 August, 2014 (5 years)
Executing Agency
•
•
•
•
•
Department of Planning, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry
(MAF)
National Agriculture and Forestry Extension Service, MAF
Department of Forestry, MAF
Provincial Agriculture and Forestry Office, Luang Prabang
Province
District Agriculture and Forestry Office
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1. Basic information of PAREDD Project
PAREDD Project Site
(1) Houaykhot Village Cluster,
Xiengngun District in Phu
Chom Nge District
Consevation Area
(2) Houaykin Village Cluster,
Phonsay District in Nam Pa
National Protection Area
(3) Tong-si Village Cluster,
Phonthong District
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2. Forest Cover Change in PAREDD Site
1993
2000
2006
Rate of forest cover
57%
49%
44%
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• Deforestation and
Forest Remaining
Forest Areas
compared between
1993- 2006
Deforestation and forest
degradation increase
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2. Forest Cover Change in PAREDD
Summary of the survey on the causes of Deforestation & Degradation
–Houaykin VC in Phonsay District and Houaykhot VC in Xiengngun District Drivers of Deforestation and Forest Degradation
Main Drivers
Push Factor
Pioneer type slash and
burn agriculture
•Population increase
•Scarcity of Farmland
•Shorten Fallow period
leads to soil degradation
Agricultural Expansion
•Population increase
•Market Demand increase
•scarcity of Farmland
•Monetary Support
•Increase agricultural
Scheme
option
( e.g. Policy bank, etc)
•Land competition with
other land use such as Teak,
Rubber, Oil tree Plantation
Migration and Population
increase
Pull Factor
Mitigation measure
•Agricultural Intensification
•Increase agricultural
option
• Improve agricultural
technique to maximize
agricultural productivity
•Enhance off-farm activity
• Proper PLUP
implementation
•Strengthen community
based forest management
•Road Construction
•Migration Policy?
Drivers that need to be verified




Fuel Wood Consumption
Forest Fire
Large-Scale Concession
Illegal logging
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2. Forest Cover Change in PAREDD Site
Process of shifting cultivation in the northern Laos
Cleaning land and firing
Fallow period
Planting
Harvesting
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2. Forest Cover Change in PAREDD Site
Process of shifting cultivation in the northern Laos
– Case Study in Samton Village, Viengkham District-
2005
2006
2007
2008
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3. Scope of PAREDD Approach for REDD+
Scope of PAREDD
VCS Validation
Reference Emission
Level
Monitoring
Eligibility
Reporting
Additionally
Verification
MRV Plan
VCS Validation
Safeguard
Benefit sharing
Voluntary
carbon unit
(VCU)
Mitigation activity
Land and forest use plan
Livelihood improvement activity (Alternative income generation activity)
Village fund
Awareness raising
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3. Scope of PAREDD Approach for REDD+
Mitigation activity: Previous land use
Livelihood
improvement
Agricultural expansion
•Scarcity of Farmland
• Shorten Fallow period
leads to soil degradation
Increase agricultural
option
Land competition
Land & Forest
use plan
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3. Scope of PAREDD Approach for REDD+
Mitigation activity: after mitigation activity
Livelihood
improvement
• Agriculture intensification
• Increase agriculture option
• Improve agricultural
techniques to improve
productivity
Land and forest use
plan
Land & Forest
use plan
Reducing deforestation
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4. PAREDD Approach for Reducing Deforestation
Purpose of the Project
The system of reducing deforestation is developed through
participatory land and forest management.
What is THE SYSTEM OF REDUCING DEFORESTATION?
An approach to mitigate deforestation and forest
degradation at village/village cluster level in the Northern
Laos.
Developing an PAREDD approach for
reducing deforestation and forest degradation at
village level is a primary goal of the project
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4. PAREDD Approach for Reducing Deforestation
PAREDD shall provide financial and technical assistance to villagers
for formulation of planning, implementation and monitoring on village
forest management according to the instruction of the approach.
Main Component of PAREDD Approach
1
Land and Forest Use Planning at Village and Village Cluster
Level
2
Activities for Reducing Deforestation and Forest Degradation
3
Monitoring the performance of activities in terms of socioeconomic and forest management
- For the implementation of the approach, there are three stage such as
Plan-Do-See.
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4. PAREDD Approach for Reducing Deforestation
1
Land and Forest Use Planning at Village and Village Cluster
Level
 The project implements Land and Forest Use
Planning in order to control excessive land use into
forest area and ensure land use zoning to attain the
right balance between forest and agricultural land
zone.
 Land use planning is implemented based on “Manual
of Participatory Agriculture and Forest Land Use
Planning at Village and Village Cluster Level”
authorized by NAFES and DOF under MAF, in
collaboration with NLMA.
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4. PAREDD Approach for Reducing Deforestation
2
Activities for Reducing Deforestation
 The project promotes a series of activities for reducing
deforestation along with land and forest use planning.
Contents
Example
Characteristic
Type
1
Community activities for
the conservation and
management of
community resources
-Plantation and rehabilitation of
village and/or school forests
-Use/management rules and
regulations of forest areas
• Activities by the whole village.
• Activities related to natural resources
management
• Villagers do not need to repay to the project
Type
2
Group-based or
household-based
activities for improving
livelihoods and/or
increasing production
-Livestock
-Cropping
-Paddy field expansion
-NTFP domestication
-Handicrafts
• Activities by households, but participating
households should form activity groups to
implement activities.
• Activities aimed at improving livelihoods and/or
increasing production of the households.
• Participating households need to repay with a
certain interest to the village (=revolving fund)
when they have received output/incomes from
the activity
Type
3
Community
development activities
that can benefit the
whole community
- Water supply system and
watershed management
- Small-scale irrigation and
watershed management
• Any kinds of community development activities
that meet villagers’ needs.
• Activities should produce benefits for at least
60% of the total households.
• Villagers do not need to repay to the project.
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4. PAREDD Approach for Reducing Deforestation
3
Monitoring the performance of activities in terms of socioeconomic and forest management
(1) Regular Monitoring
 Monitor land and forest use based on the rule and
regulation on forest zone.
 Monitor the progress of activities and follow up the
problems to be faced in the activity:
(2) Periodic Monitoring
 Monitoring on land and forest cover, land use and forest
carbon stock changes in target villages
 Monitoring socio-economic conditions of target villages
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Planning Stage (PLAN)
4.
PAREDD Approach
for Reducing
Deforestation
Step1
• Village Cluster Orientation Meeting
Step2
• Village Orientation Meeting and Establishment of Land and Forest Management Committee
Step3
• Problem Analysis on natural resources and land use and Needs Assessment
Step4
• Village Boundary Delineation
Step5
• Village Agriculture and forest land use zoning
Step6
• Detailed Planning For Type 1 Activities
Step7
• Activity and Participant Selection
Step8
• Detailed Planning for Type 2 activities
Step9
• Detailed Planning for Type 3 activities
Step10
• Village Meeting for Final Approval
Implementation Stage (Do)




Technical training for participants
Procurement for implementation
Implementation of activity plan
Establishment of village development fund
Monitoring Stage (See)



Monitoring of Activity implementation
Forest carbon monitoring
Socio economic survey
Additional payment based on performance
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5. Steps of PAREDD Approach -Planning Stage
Step 1 and 2
STEP1: Village cluster orientation
STEP2:Whole village orientation
Participants:
Village committee members in the target villages and
Cluster Committee head
Contents:
- General information of the project
- Implementation structure and land and forest
management committee
- Tentative working schedule
Participants: All villagers including women and men
Contents:
- General information of the
- Activities to be supported by the project
- Role of villagers and DAFO/Project
- Role of Land and Forest Management Committee
(LFMC) and request to set it up
- Environmental education
- Village rights and responsibilities to manage and
use forests and forest land
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- Tentative work schedule
5. Steps of PAREDD Approach -Planning Stage
Step 3 and 4
STEP3: Problem and Needs Analysis
Participants: All villagers including women and men
Contents
- Problem analysis on natural resources and land use
Historical trend analysis and Resource mapping
- Needs assessment
Whole-villagers and focus groups
- List of potential PAREDD activities by activity type
STEP 4: Village Boundary Delineation
Participants: LFMC members
Contents
- Verification and conflict resolution over village boundary
- Endorsement and Approval of Village boundary
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5. Steps of PAREDD Approach -Planning Stage
Step 5 and 6
STEP5:
Village Agriculture and forest land use
zoning
Participants: LFMC members
Contents
- Identify land use zones on satellite image or topographic
map
- Ground Survey
- Meeting to verify land use zoning
STEP 6:
Detailed Planning for Type 1 Activities
Participants: LFMC members
Contents
- Determination of forest zone for future forest management
- Formulation of rules and regulation for forest zone
- Formulation of the rehabilitation and plantation plan
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5. Steps of PAREDD Approach -Planning Stage
Step 7, 8,9 and 10
STEP7:
Activity and Participant
Selection
STEP 8 & 9:
Detailed Planning for
Type 2 & 3activities
Step 10:
Village Meeting for Final
Approval
Participants:
All villagers including women and men
Contents
- Explanation of detailed activity
policies
- Providing supportive information to
villagers
- Selection of activities and
prioritization
- Introduction of activity group and
selection of participants for Type 2
activities
Participants:
All villagers including women and men
Contents
- Role responsibility of activity
member
- Explanation of procurement
- Explanation of revolving fund
system
- Rule making for revolving fund
system
- Drafting and formulation the
activity plan and budget
Participants:
All villagers including women and men
Contents
- Presentation and discussions of the
activity plan and budget by
participating villagers
- Introduction of a revolving fund
system
- Reaching villagers’ consensus and
agreement between the village and
DAFO
- Recommendations on smooth
implementation
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6. Steps of PAREDD Approach -Implementation Stage
Technical training for
participants
Type
1
Type
2
Type
3
Forest
Management
Activity
Alternative
Income
Generation
Activity
Community
development
Activity
Procurement for
implementation
Activity Implementation
Activity monitoring
Establishment of village
development fund
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7. Steps of PAREDD Approach -Monitoring Stage
Under preparation
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7. Specific Feature of PAREDD Approach for REDD+
(1) Land and Forest Management Committee at village level
PAREDD support to set up village land and forest management committee
(LFMC). LFMC is expected to play central role for project management at
village level.
Main Activity




Planning
Monitoring
Reporting
Village Fund
Management
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7. Specific Feature of PAREDD Approach for REDD+
(2) Village Fund
If GOL formulates REDD implementation framework and incentive mechanisms
for village and village cluster levels, or if forest carbon credits can be sold to
voluntary carbon or carbon offset market, they will receive part of these fund
and carry out sustainable village forest management.
B1. Support in kind
PAREDD
Project
Monitoring
results
A1. Support in kind (livestock; seeds etc.)
Additional
support
Village Fund
Individual HHs
Village activity
groups
PAREDD
Fund
B2. Input for
village activities
A3. Repay w/ interest
A4. Loan out
A5. Repay w/ interest
A6. Loan out
A7. Repay w/ interest
Market
(sales)
A2. Sales of products & receipts of money
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7. Specific Feature of PAREDD Approach for REDD+
(3) Performance based payment as an incentive for forest
management
PAREDD provides ex- ante financial and technical assistance for
project implementation for the capacity building for REDD+. Besides,
ex-post incentives are provided only if they carry out proper forest
management and reduce the emission from deforestation and forest
degradation.
B1. Support in kind
PAREDD
Project
Monitoring
results
A1. Support in kind (livestock; seeds etc.)
Additional
support
Individual HHs
Village activity
groups
PAREDD
Fund
B2. Input for
village activities
Performance
based
Payment
A3. Repay w/ interest
A4. Loan out
A5. Repay w/ interest
A6. Loan out
A7. Repay w/ interest
Market
(sales)
A2. Sales of products & receipts of money
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Thank you for your attention
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