Green Jobs Potential in Tunisia – J.M. Tilmans

«The success of implementing green policies
is dependent upon the availability of skilled people
people»»
5th EGREJOB Meeting
11th and 12th June 2015
Sousse
ILO Green Jobs Activities in Tunisia
by JanJan-Marius Tillmanns
«The success of implementing green policies
is dependent upon the availability of skilled people
people»»
Background: ILO’s Green Jobs Programme
Activities in approx. 30 countries (Asia, Africa and Latin America)
Examples:
Promotion of green jobs in the forestry sector in Brazil, in the hotel and automotive
industry in Thailand and the Philippines, in the building construction sector in Zambia
2011: ILO publishes a practitioner's guide for the assessment of green jobs potentials
in developing countries.
Assessments on macroeconomic potentials for Green Jobs were done in Lebanon
(2011), Mexico (2012/13), Mauritius (2011/12), Malaysia (2012/13) and Tunisia
(2014).
ILO Practitioner´
Practitioner´s Guide
«The success of implementing green policies
is dependent upon the availability of skilled people
people»»
Purpose:
• to estimate potential for new green jobs,
• to map the quality of environment-related
employment
•to examine possibilities of „greening jobs“ (decent
work)
•To create scenarios and strategies including
identifying potential winning and losing sectors
Tunisia
«The success of implementing green policies
is dependent upon the availability of skilled people
people»»
Rio +20: A Joint ILO-GIZ- Ministry of Environment workshop on Green Jobs was held
in Tunis, on May 21 -22 2013 in Tunis:
To assess the potential of green jobs for the period of 2014-2017 (support by
ILO);
To establish a group of experts in order to establish a plan of action for the
medium and long term (support by GIZ);
To establish a Green Help Desk (Supported by UNESCWA) and a Green Jobs
Platform (supported by UNOPS and OECD)
To strengthen the institutional framework and synergies through a national
Green Economy Strategy.
To mobilize partners of Tunisia (UN System, Development Banks, bilateral
partners)
«The success of implementing green policies
is dependent upon the availability of skilled people
people»»
Green Jobs Assessment in Tunisia 2013/2014
Initial findings of the national green jobs assessment done by the German
Institute of Economic Structures Research (GWS), in collaboration with ECOSER
and ALCOR Tunisia.
Findings
Findings:
The Tunisian Economy has generated 102.000 green jobs as of 2010.
Main green job creating sectors so far are: water, waste management,
agriculture and services
Main growth potentials identified in energy, water and waste
Green Jobs Assessment in Tunisia
«The success of implementing green policies
is dependent upon the availability of skilled people
people»»
The Tunisian economy can face an increase of up to 80.000 green jobs in
the near future.
Most promising green sectors are waste management, water, renewable
energy, construction and organic agriculture
Cost of additional green jobs is higher than conventional jobs. Exceptions
are to be found in construction and agriculture
Tunisia has high levels of unemployment (>20%) plus a large informal
sector (>30%) making job creation a national priority.
Greening the economy helps to reduce informality.
«The success of implementing green policies
is dependent upon the availability of skilled people
people»»
Green Jobs in Tunisia – Some Projects by the ILO
1. Job creation by complementing State Instruments (“Création d´
´Emplois en
Complétant les Dispositifs de l´
´Etat):
Project with a main focus on job creation for unskilled labor.
– 4-year project in 5 regions of Central Tunisia (Kef, Siliana, Kasserine, Gafsa and Sidi
Bouzid), total volume 6,5M € (EU-financed)
– Main component EIIP (Employment Intensive Investment Programmes):
Construction of public infrastructure using an approach of labour-intensive work
and local sourcing of raw materials
– LED component with focus on job creation for rural women and men, mainly in
the field of agriculture but also in green manufacturing (olive wood handicraft in Sidi
Bouzid).
«The success of implementing green policies
is dependent upon the availability of skilled people
people»»
Green Jobs in Tunisia – Some Projects by the ILO
Example: Olive Wood Production in Sidi Bouzid
–Local olive wood processing units working for
international market (mainly subcontracted)
–Most businesses work informally, with no
work safety.
«The success of implementing green policies
is dependent upon the availability of skilled people
people»»
Green Jobs in Tunisia – Projet DEPART
2. PROJET DÉPART:
– Main focus on Local Economic Development.
– 1-year project implemented in 3 governates (Kef, Gafsa and Ariana),
total volume 1,0M € (extended twice).
– Follow-up Project of the regional Project Jeunesse, Emploi et
Migration. This Project resulted in the formulation of Regional Action
Plans for Employment (PARE).
– DEPART is implementing these action plans in three governorates (Le
Kef, Gafsa and Ariana).
– Project finalized in June 2015.
«The success of implementing green policies
is dependent upon the availability of skilled people
people»»
Green Jobs in Tunisia – Scoping Study
Scoping Study for the promotion of Green Jobs at Governorate level (JuneSeptember 2014):
–To find out the most relevant sectors in 2 governorates
–To define level of green-ness and define possible support to greening activities
– To map relevant initiatives with positive impact on the local labour markets
– To define supportive role for international Organizations including the ILO.
Scoping Study - Gafsa
«The success of implementing green policies
is dependent upon the availability of skilled people
people»»
«The success of implementing green policies
is dependent upon the availability of skilled people
people»»
Green Jobs in Tunisia – Scoping Study
Potentials and challenges for Gafsa:
Most promising sectors:
– Greening the phosphate mining sector
– Waste management and recycling
– Oasis agriculture (challenged by climate change and mining impact)
– Greening construction (using lessons learnt from EIIP project to foster local
building techniques)
–Biggest challenge: The dominance of the mining sector in the region and its
implications
Scoping Study – Le Kef
«The success of implementing green policies
is dependent upon the availability of skilled people
people»»
«The success of implementing green policies
is dependent upon the availability of skilled people
people»»
Green Jobs in Tunisia – Scoping Study
Potentials and challenges for Le Kef:
Most promising sectors:
– Biological Agriculture (Le Kef represents 50% of national bio agricultural
sector)
– Ecotourism
– Handicraft
–Biggest challenge: Size of the sectors (ecotourism), connection to the national
economy (biological agriculture)
«The success of implementing green policies
is dependent upon the availability of skilled people
people»»
Green Jobs in Tunisia – Feasibility Study Sousse (ITC/ILO)
Sector selection by governorate and CGDR
1. Waste Management:
a. Olive Oil Waste: Practically no value chain in Sousse, only one company active
in sector – no survey possible
b. Plastic Waste: Well established value chain, organised by ANGeD (filière
ECOLEF), some formal private actors, new entrants willing to enter sector (16
proposals to ANGeD) – problem of informality and recognition
2. Renewable Energy: A survey conducted among 22 companies in solar heating
resulted in low demand for training. Therefore extension to photovoltaic energy.
«The success of implementing green policies
is dependent upon the availability of skilled people
people»»
Green Jobs in Tunisia – Feasibility Study Sousse
Current situation:
∗ Report in preparation
∗ Key figures for selected sectors difficult to establish on local (regional) level:
Statistical data mainly on national level, no data available on green sectors or
decent work
∗ Survey results still patchy, number of companies in each sector is small due to the
size of the territory
∗ Trainees currently being selected
∗ Trainings to be held with the support of Institut de l’Olivier and with ATFP
∗ Delays due to Ramadan and summer break
Conclusions
«The success of implementing green policies
is dependent upon the availability of skilled people
people»»
• Economic potential of some sectors
• Territories in Tunisia relatively small for sector/value chain
analysis
• Challenges of informality among the barriers to business
development
• Decentralisation is key to economic development and to greening
the economy
• LED approach is an important tool for green jobs creation (both
direct and indirect/induced jobs) and for inclusion, participation,
democratization
Thank you
Merci
‫ﺷﻛرا‬
Contacts:
Jan-Marius Tillmanns
Email: [email protected]