UNIT 1

UNIT 1
Lesson 1
Lead-in
Big City Life
p.1
Lesson 2
Theme One
Family life
p.8
Lesson 3
Theme Two
A Place To Live And Work
p.14
Lesson 4
Brush Up
p.21
Vocabulary List
p. 25
Lead-In: Big City Life
Ex. 1 ⟹ Comment on the following quote.
God made the country,
and man made the town.
WILLIAM COWPER
Unit 1: Student’s Book
Ex. 2 ⟹ What problems of big cities do the pictures below illustrate?
1
Ex. 3 ⟹ Read and discuss these two predictions with a partner. Do you think these
trends are positive or negative? Why?
 According to U.N.-Habitat, 60 % of the world’s population will be living in cities by 2030.
 The urban population will grow from 2.86 billion to nearly 5 billion.
Ex. 4 ⟹ You are going to listen to two experts being interviewed about unchecked
urban growth. Before listening, match the words and phrases listed below to their
Russian equivalents.
1. cutting edge issues
2. to affect sb’s life
3. an advocate for sth
4. at an unchecked pace
5. overcrowding
6. slums
7. affordable housing
8. urban sprawl
9. mediocre quality of life
10. livable (city)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
трущобы
перенаселенность
невысокий жизненный уровень
пригодный для жилья
актуальные вопросы
разрастание города (за счет сельской местн.)
влиять, отражаться на чем-л.
необузданно (нар.), ничем не сдерживаемый
сторонник чего-л.
доступное (по цене) жилье
a) Which of the four statements represents the main point Fiona is trying to make?
b) Which statement best represents Hector’s opinion?
1. Fiona ____
2. Hector ____
a. good planning can solve urban
problems
c. we must limit the growth of
our cities
b. it’s more violent in our cities
d. a more organized
transportation system is the key
Ex. 5 ⟹ Answer the following questions?
 What issues are facing urban areas in your country?
 If you were an urban planner, what improvements would you suggest for your city?
living conditions/standards
cost of living
urban sprawl
slums
ethnic tension
fast pace
rush hour
commuting
noise/air-pollution
crime rate
traffic jams/congestion
illegal migrants
Unit 1: Student’s Book
USEFUL LANGUAGE
suburbs
poverty
violence
stress
accommodation
2
Ex. 6 ⟹ Complete each sentence with one of the words or phrases given.
residential
commute
slum
pace
tough
subsistence
squats
violence
alluring
shanty towns
1. The ………………... of life in the village is
slow and easy.
2. The whole urban ………………... of Ankara
contains over 2.6m people.
3. Orlando itself is vibrant, full of
affordable ………………... and great places to eat.
4. All successful business people know how
……………….. life at the top is.
5. Mark wanted to move from the
downtown to a smart ……………….. area.
6. For those living at ……………….. level,
even buying essentials is a struggle.
7. Penniless students in large cities try to
save money by living in ……………….., that is,
houses which they find to be empty.
8. Financial problems can lead to stress
within the family and ……………….. between
family members.
9. Taiwan is the most ……………….. city in
suburbs
ghetto
accommodation
sprawl
unemployment
South-East Asia.
10. A poor, densely populated area of a town
or city lived in mainly by one racial group is
called a(n) ………………... .
11. In Third World countries ………………..
have grown up on the outskirts of major cities
to house poor workers who have migrated
from the countryside.
12. In the developed world run-down and
derelict housing in the inner city where people
still live is called a(n) ………………...
13. People working in large cities often like
to live away from the center in pleasant
………………...
14. People who work in the city center but
live outside have to ……………….. to work
everyday.
15. In some countries, you don't qualify for
……………….. benefit if you own your house.
Answer the following questions using words in italics:
What difficulties may people living in the suburbs face?
What makes life in a big city so alluring to lots of people?
What essentials can you buy if you live at subsistence level?
Is it easy for you to adjust to fast pace of life in Moscow?
What are the most attractive residential areas in your city?
Do you think that accommodation in your city is affordable?
Do you/your relatives have to commute to work?
Why is the problem of unemployment so acute in big cities?
Is violence on the streets a big issue in your city?
In what countries are shanty towns widespread?
Unit 1: Student’s Book
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
3
Ex. 7 ⟹ Complete the text using the words and phrases given.
emulate
allure
minded
metropolis
pace
social life
experienced
stuck
provinces
sticks
rush hour
metropolis
veneer
accommodation
A View of the City
If you grow up in the …………… (1) then capital cities have a very special …………… (2). They
represent sophistication, choice and freedom. When you've settled in the city, you can think of the
people back home as 'country cousins' who 'live in the …………… (3). They haven't …………… (4) life
as it should be, in the city.
And what have you gained by moving to the …………… (5)? First, a major change in …………… (6).
You're one of the special ones, you've the break. All those famous places that were previously just
names read in the paper or seen on TV become familiar personal landmarks glimpsed as you go to
work or explore the capital developing your self-image.
You're never …………… (7) for something to do - everything's there, on your new doorstep:
discos, night-clubs, pubs. If you're culturally …………… (8), there are museums, cinemas, theatres,
concerts. And then the people! You never know who you will meet and where. Their status and
lifestyle are something you want to …………… (10).
Of course, there are shocks. The cost, for one thing, of things like …………… (11), transport and
entertainment. The crowds, especially during the …………… (12). The fast …………… (13) at which
everyone lives. But you soon learn to keep your wits about you and develop the special ……………
Unit 1: Student’s Book
(14) that city living requires.
Discuss the following questions:
a.
b.
c.
d.
What makes city so alluring to people coming from the provinces?
What changes does a person undergo after moving to town?
What advantages and disadvantages may be found in city life?
Do you think citizens have a special veneer? Why (not)?
4
Ex. 8 ⟹ Complete the sentences below with forms of the words on the right.
1. The number of …………… to London has dropped by 100,000.
COMMUTE
2. During one period, a person might be backwoodsy and rural, testing the
simple life, and in another take on the fast-…………… challenge of a city.
3. He was in his late twenties, married and living in a semidetached
…………… house.
4. The 18th century was a period of rapid …………… .
PACE
5. Some local …………… joined the students' protest.
RESIDENTIAL
6. Jealousy causes …………… and painful emotions.
STRESS
7. A quarter of current inmates have committed …………… crimes.
VIOLENCE
8. It is less …………… than power stations fuelled by oil, coal and gas.
POLLUTE
9. Homes are more …………… than at any time in the past five years
AFFORD
SUBURB
URBAN
Ex. 9 ⟹ Student A: Interview your partner using the prompts below (you can add
your own questions). Student B: close your textbook and answer your partner’s
questions.
main disadvantages & advantages of living in a city
living in a modern or old historical city
special aspects of life in Moscow/your city & urgent problems in Moscow/your city
Moscow/your city in comparison to other cities
area you are living now (city center, residenial area, suburb)
ways to improve life in Moscow/your city/your area
Active Vocabulary
City Life:
metropolis
Issues:
urban sprawl
Areas:
city center
Verbs:
to face (difficulties)
squat
crime rate
suburbs
to cause (problems)
accommodation
social life
rush hour
living standards
accommodation
public transport
high-rise building
scyscraper
residents
an eyesore
facility
cost of living
poverty
pollution
fast pace
traffic jams
violence
commuting
stress
illegal migrants
noise pollution
residential area
to affect (sb’s life)
sticks
slum
to allure sb
to commute (to work)
ghetto
upmarket (district)
shanty town
Unit 1: Student’s Book
•
•
•
•
•
•
Adjectives
alluring (city)
fast-paced (life)
suburban (house)
urban (area)
overcrowded
(un)affordable
5
Hometask 1
Ex. 10 ⟹ Study the active vocabulary (quiz 1).
Ex. 11 ⟹ Translate into Russian.
a. Прежде район на другом берегу реки считался неспокойным (rough). Там, в тесных
квартирках в уродливых многоэтажных зданиях жили малоимущие (low-income) семьи.
Было небезопасно отправляться туда по вечерам. После закрытия единственной
фабрики в округе уровень безработицы, а значит и преступности, вырос, и район
превратился в настоящую головную боль для местных властей (local authorities). Однако
пару лет назад удалось вдохнуть новую жизнь (to renew) в эти трущобы. Старые
фабричные цеха были превращены (converted) в художественные галереи современного
искусства и модные клубы. Неподалеку построили большой торговый центр, который
предоставил рабочие места для жителей района. Большинство многоквартирных
домов, жители (tenants) которых переселились в более просторные жилища, были
перестроены (to renovate). В них поселились студенты, молодые семьи и содружества
(communities) художников и музыкантов. В районе появилось нормальное уличное
освещение. В результате в городе возникла яркая и оживленная местность с молодым
населением, интересной культурной жизнью и развивающейся инфраструктурой.
b. Центр города не самое удобное место для жизни. Во-первых, здесь постоянно возникают
пробки, иногда движение полностью останавливается. Из-за большого количества
машин иногда бывает невозможно припарковаться. По той же причине вывоз мусора
(rubbish removal) осуществляется реже, чем на окраинах. Во-вторых, содержание
исторических
зданий
очень
дорого. Наконец,
жителям
негде
гулять.
Немногочисленные скверы гибнут в загрязненном воздухе, а пешеходные зоны всегда
многолюдны из-за туристов.
Ex. 12 ⟹ You are going to listen to an extract from a radio programme. Before
listening, match the words and phrases listed below to their Russian equivalents.
k.
l.
m.
n.
o.
p.
q.
r.
s.
t.
u.
v.
запретить автомобили в центре города
высотки
дорожно-эксплуатационные работы
против воли
скопление машин, пробки на дорогах
торговые зоны за пределами города
сходить за что-либо, слыть чем-либо
престижный, элитный, фешенебельный
бетонные здания
бельмо на глазу, отталкивающее зрелище
недоступный (по цене)
разрастание города
Unit 1: Student’s Book
11. against their will
12. concrete blocks
13. an eyesore
14. urban sprawl
15. out-of-town shopping facilities
16. unaffordable
17. to ban cars from the centre
18. traffic congestion
19. road maintenance
20. upmarket
21. high-rise buildings
22. pass for sth
6
Ex. 13 ⟹ Read the questions below. Listen to an extract from a radio programme
called “Do they really know best?”, as you listen decide who says what:
G for Gareth
J for Jennifer
B for both
№
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Questions
Who argues that high-rise housing was an improvement for certain people?
Who says they grew up in a deprived area?
Who expects more mistakes in city planning to occur?
Who criticizes the development of suburbs?
Who wants to live in the center of London?
Who believes that buildings should have more than one function?
Who thinks that city people should be able to own cars?
Person
Ex. 14 ⟹ Listen again and mark statements that are true T or false F.
№
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Statements
Gareth dislikes the 60s buildings.
City planners and architects always consulted city dwellers when
constructing new buildings.
Gareth grew up in the center of London.
Jennifer also finds 60s architecture unattractive.
Gareth believes that city expansion doesn’t do any harm to the countryside.
Gareth lives in the city center.
According to a TV phone-in the majority of people favor the ban of cars from
central London.
T/F
Unit 1: Student’s Book
Ex. 15 ⟹ Read the text ‘The Odd Couple’ and write a summary of it (200-250
words)
7
Theme One: Family Life
Ex. 16 ⟹ Write Quiz 1, check ex. 11-15. A brief recap of the previous lesson.
Ex. 17 ⟹ Discuss.
1. In the lives of successful people, what is the relationship between work and family life?
The story of Charlotte and John Fedders rocked
Washington. It had all the ingredients: success,
money, ambition, image-obsession and violence.
It has become a modern fable, a cautionary tale that
flashes a warning beacon throughout a whole upper
echelon of tough young men pushing their way to
the top, at the expense of their families.
Charlotte and John were the archetypal
successful Washington couple. He was a young
lawyer zooming up the status ladder in the fast lane.
They were a crisp, clean-living Catholic couple with
five young sons, living in a gleaming colonial-style
mansion. From the outside they seemed to have it
all: the best country
clubs,
the
best
Catholic
private
schools for their
children, the best
privately
catered
parties. He was
selected for a top
job which brought
him into the public
eye.
Then
John
Fedders' life fell apart. Or, at least, his image of it,
which for him was the same thing. His private life
had always been a catastrophe but one well hidden.
The last straw for his wife came the day he started to
turn his violent rage against his eldest son. Charlotte
Fedders filed for divorce. She hoped for a quiet
divorce without dispute. But her husband wanted to
battle it out. Perhaps he thought no one would notice
an obscure hearing in a small courtroom in
Maryland. But the Wall Street Journal sent a
reporter to write the story, and what a story it was.
Fedders had beaten his wife often and savagely. He
thumped her repeatedly when she was pregnant. He
ran the household with a set of iron rules: no one
was permitted to enter the house in shoes; his sons
had to do thirty press-ups whenever they came into
the room. He was obsessively mean about money.
Charlotte got virtually none for herself and the
children. And yet she worried frantically about
their rising debts. They lived way beyond their
means.
The day after the Wall Street Journal ran the
story, John Fedders was forced to resign. The story
ran extensively on nationwide television. It rang
new alarm bells. It showed that battered wives
were not necessarily poor or confined to ghettos.
Charlotte learned for the first time the FBI
statistics: four women are beaten to death every
day in America by husbands or lovers.
Charlotte got her divorce. John Fedders took
a lower paid job and paid $ 12,000 a year to Charlotte
and the children. The older children all worked and
contributed their money to the household.
Charlotte earned a little in a flower shop, but they
were hard pressed. Then a publisher asked her to
write the awful story of her life. But just before
the book was to appear John Fedders took her back
to the divorce court to try to get his puny payments
to the family reduced. On top of that, he wanted
25% of the proceeds of the book on the grounds
that he w as the s tar of it. E ver yon e expected
him to be laughed out of court. Imagine the shock
when the court accepted his plea and did award
that 25%.
Charlotte Fedders now seems like a selfconfident and articulate woman. She makes
speeches on battered wives up and down the
country. Her book is a fascinating but dispiriting
read. She was a poor, clinging pathetic creature
who invested everything in her husband and her
children. She thought as a young nurse that she
would never find a husband with the sort of
earning power that her family expected. When tall,
handsome, athletic, clever Fedders looked on her
with favour she thought she didn't deserve to
land such a big fish. But he spied in her what he
wanted: obedience, adoration, inferiority yet a
sufficiently cultivated veneer for social
acceptability. No danger of equality here.
It is a terrible pattern: this story has caused
such a stir in America as it forces attention on the
family life of the high achievers. When gilded young
husbands work all the hours under the sun, who
takes the strain? Who bears the brunt of all that
bottled frenetic activity? What do wives and
children have to tolerate in order to keep a man on
the upward path?
Polly Toynbee, The Guardian
8
Unit 1: Student’s Book
The Odd Couple
Ex. 18 ⟹ Find English equivalents to the following word-combinations.
поучительная история
предостережение
за счет их семей
типичная преуспевающая пара
быстро продвигаться по служебной лестнице
последняя капля
подать на развод
управлять семьей
жить (далеко) не по средствам
напечатать историю
история широко освещалась по телевидению
перейти на менее оплачиваемую работу
отдавать деньги в семью (на ведение хозяйства)
быть в трудном положении
разглядеть в ком-либо что-либо
наделать шума
заставить обратить внимание
принимать на себя главный удар
терпеть
Ex. 19 ⟹ Imagine you were a Wall Street Journal reporter writing an article about
the Fedders. Prepare questions to ask John Fedders or Charlotte Fedders and act
out dialogs.
Unit 1: Student’s Book
my questions
9
Ex. 20 ⟹ Answer the following questions.
1. Name the features which made the story of Charlotte and John so much attractive for the
public interest. What reaction did the story of the Fedders cause in Washington? Why?
2. Describe the lifestyle of the Fedders. How did they look from the outside?
3. Why did Charlotte have to file for divorce? What was the last straw?
4. Why did the story ring alarm bells? What were the results of the trial?
5. How did Charlotte’s and John’s lives change after the divorce?
6. Why did John choose Charlotte to be his wife? What did he spy in her?
7. Did Charlotte recover from effects of her family life? What helped her to survive?
8. Why was her book dispiriting? Why did the story cause such a stir? Comment on the title.
Ex. 21 ⟹ Write a list of three arguments for, and three arguments against
starting a family at an early age.
Ex. 22 ⟹ You are going to listen to four women talking about balancing a career
with raising children. Before listening, match the words and phrases listed below
to their Russian equivalents.
1. a regular job
2. to tighten the belt
3. to split up
4. a freelance
5. well-off
6. to become established
7. to make ends meet
8. two-income couples
9. to start off with sth
10. to be determined
11. tough
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
сводить концы с концами
быть решительно настроенным
начинать, имея опр. базу
постоянная работа
тяжелый, непростой (период времени)
расстаться
внештатный сотрудник
затянуть пояса
встать на ноги
состоятельный
семья, в которой оба супруга\партнера работают
Ex. 23 ⟹ YOU are going to hear four women talking about balancing a career with
raising children. Match speakers A-D to statements 1-8. There is one statement
you cannot match to any of the speakers.
№
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Tara Hastings
Janice Pepper
C
D
Linda Stern
Vanessa Carroll
Questions
She doesn't miss the luxuries that working couples without children have.
She believes family is more important than having a career.
She planned her career so that having children would not affect it so much.
She thinks her partner should have given up his job to stay with the children
so she could return to her career.
Her partner had to work longer hours when she gave up her job to be with
their kids.
She accepted a lower salary so she could be in a better position at a smaller
company.
She is raising her children on her own besides having a job.
She didn't want to be old when her children left high school.
Person
Unit 1: Student’s Book
A
B
10
Ex. 24 ⟹ Discuss with a partner the following:
Think of what the speakers from ex. 23 have said. Whose opinion is closer to your
view on this issue?
Ex. 25 ⟹ Put the following extracts into English.
EXAM
a. Исследование, проведенное в университете Виржинии, показало, что брак способствует
тому, что мужчины делают успешную карьеру. Брак позволяет мужчинам развивать свои
мужские качества, добиваться доверия и уважения, как коллег, так и начальства.
Профессор социологии Стивен Нок утверждает, что брак повышает самооценку, побуждает
их добиваться еще большего успеха, быть более щедрыми и больше заботиться о
благополучии других. Исследование показывает, что чем стабильнее и устойчивее брак,
тем значительнее достижения мужчины. А отцовство приводит его к еще более
впечатляющим успехам. Исследование ссылается на данные, полученные психологами, что
повторный брак имеет не такой положительный результат, как первый. Повторные браки
имеют меньше преимуществ, так как у мужчин уже имеется некий опыт, зачастую
отрицательный, который скорее подвергнет сомнению такие семейные ценности, как
рождение детей и супружеская верность. Но эти выводы спорны, говорят оппоненты
ученых из Виржинии, и могут быть опровергнуты другим интересным исследованием,
средства на которое сейчас изыскиваются.
b. В Москве открылась международная конференция Ассоциации кризисных центров для
женщин, пострадавших от насилия в семье. Эта мощная общественная организация будет
пытаться получить поддержку и участие властей в решении этой серьезной проблемы в
России. Президент ассоциации убеждена, что наше законодательство возлагает всю вину
на женщину, заставляя ее доказывать, что ее избил именно муж и что не она причина
своих бед. “Поэтому большинство пострадавших терпят побои, насилие очень долго, –
рассказывает она. - Российская статистика ужасна: ежегодно в России от рук мужей гибнут
12 тысяч женщин. В США женщине достаточно сказать, что ей угрожают, достаточно даже,
если об этом в полицию заявят соседи или школьный учитель ее ребенка, и мужа на время
судебного разбирательства выселяют из квартиры. В США за последние годы число
пострадавших уменьшилось в четыре раза. Ассоциация призывает всех женщин, кто хоть
раз подвергся насилию в семье, обращаться в их представительства, чтобы поделиться
своими проблемами и получить квалифицированную юридическую и психологическую
помощь. "Вместе мы справимся с любой проблемой. Вот наш девиз нашей Ассоциации".
a cautionary tale
a warning
the last straw
a freelance
regular job
at the expence of sth
to take a lower-paid job
to ban sth
to pass for sth
to zoom up
to tighten the belt
to be well-off
to make a career
to be hard pressed
to spy sth in sb
to cause a stir
to file for divorce
to split up
to bear the brunt
to live beyond means
to run a story
to become established
sth runs on TV
to experience
to commit oneself to sth
to run the household
to raise children
to force attention on
to contribute to sth
Unit 1: Student’s Book
partner/spouse
Active Vocabulary
to involve
11
Hometask 2
Ex. 26 ⟹ Study the active vocabulary. (Quiz 2)
Ex. 27 ⟹ Read the following text and answer the questions.
One of the most extensive surveys of fathers has now shown
that, far from the stereotype, most men would like to share
childcare duties with their partners or wives.
The survey made by the Equal Opportunities Commission shows a
modern type of father: the New Dad. He takes part in day-to-day
childcare and docs not mind helping with the vacuuming and washingup - if only when his partner asks him to. The EOC interviewed sixtyfour fathers and their partners about their home and work life. Most
fathers agreed that it was important to 'be there' for their children for
key events such as school sports day, their first appearance in the
school play and for at least one meal a day. Many agreed that parenting
classes would be a good way to give them more confidence around the
home.
Based on the survey results, four types of fathers were defined,
from the traditional type of dad to the perfect New Dad, who is as
much involved in taking care of the children as the mother. The
survey found that the majority of men were somewhere between these
two types.
In the first category comes Enforcer Dad, the old-fashioned
disciplinarian who does not see himself as involved in the day-to-day
care of his children. He sees his responsibilities as setting clear limits
for them and being a role model. Most fathers do not see this as their
only role.
The two biggest categories are Entertainer Dad and Useful Dad.
Entertainer Dad is at his best keeping his children laughing while his
partner gets on with household chores and arranging the children's
school and extra activities. Useful Dad is willing to help out around the
house, even though he expects the mother to be the 'team leader' in all
things domestic.
Finally, and probably every woman's dream, is Fully Involved
Dad. He is equally engaged in running the home and the family, and
sees the role of the father and the mother as practically identical. Fully
Involved Dads adjust their work arrangements to their partners'
professional duties. ‘I do have definite childcare commitments,' said
one father in this category. There are certain times or occasions where
it is non-negotiable and I just leave the office on time.'
Julie Mellor, chairwoman of the EOC, said that fathers were still
not given enough flexibility at work and mothers would feel fully
supported only if employers treated (and paid) both sexes equally.
'Mums and dads should be able to choose how they want to share the
responsibilities of bringing up children and working outside the
home,' she said. 'But until we have equal pay, decent childcare and
more opportunities to work flexible hours, many fathers will continue
to find it hard to be there for their children and many women will
continue to be disadvantaged at work. This is not necessarily the best
solution for parents, children or employers. Equality at work or home
depends on both mums' and dads' family responsibilities being
acknowledged.' Mellor said.
How do Enforcer Dads view their
role in childcare?
A They don't see childcare as their
responsibility,
B They teach their children
discipline by setting an example for
them,
C They keep children amused while
their partner gets on with
housework,
D It's important for them to be
involved in the day-to-day care of
their children.
How do Fully Involved Dads find
time to share childcare
responsibilities with their
partners?
A They run the home and the family,
so their partners can focus on their
professional duties,
B They fit their work commitments
to their partner's arrangements,
C They often leave the office early,
D They think it's their partner's
responsibility to negotiate flexibility
at their workplace.
What does Julie Mellor think
employers should do?
A Employers should provide both
parents with equal pay and flexible
working hours,
B They should allow parents to
work from home so they can look
after their children,
C They should give women more
support so they can take on more of
the childcare responsibilities at
home.
D They should pay women more
because they are often
disadvantaged in the workplace.
12
Unit 1: Student’s Book
Why fathers want to look after the baby (yes, really)
Why would many fathers like to
go to parenting classes?
A To learn how to do day-to-day
childcare.
B Because they want to attend
important school events,
C Because they think it's important
to be involved in the day-to-day care
of children.
D So they can be more confident in
dealing with domestic issues.
Ex. 28 ⟹ Complete the sentences below with forms of the words on the right.
1. He was awarded a prize for his …………… to world peace.
CONTRIBUTE
2. He was too …………… and too inexpert to succeed.
EXPERIENCE
3. As a result of the tax cuts the average family will be £300 a year …………… .
WELL-OFF
4. Women are too often constrained by family …………… and by low
expectations.
5. The Raleigh International Bike Ride is open to anyone who wants to raise
money for a good …………… .
6. Mark proved to be a …………… member of our team.
COMMIT
7. The new chief editor is against hiring …………… .
FREELANCE
8. For …………… people, Christmas can be a downer.
DIVORCE
9. She disliked his …………… with the group and disliked his friends.
INVOLVE
Ex. 29 ⟹
CAUSE
COMMIT
Watch the video and answer the questions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
How does Mr. Marsh describe a classic corporate warrior?
What is the core issue of work-life balance?
What is according to the speaker the reality of the society that we are in?
What are commercial companies designed to get?
What areas do we have to attend to be balanced?
How does the speaker illustrate that the small things matter?
7. What according to Mr. Marsh can transform society?
Ex. 30 ⟹ Finish the following sentences.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
It is easy to balance work and life when ……………………………………………………………………
Going to work on Friday in jeans and T-shirt isn’t ……………………………………………………..
We have to be responsible for ………………………………………………………………………………….
A day is too short …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
I believe we have to attend to all of those areas ………………………………………………………..
With the smallest investment in the right places……………………………………………………….
Being a fit 10-hour-a-day office rat isn’t more balanced …………………………………………….
a. Жизнь людей, имеющих высокий статус в обществе, зачастую сложная и напряжённая.
В стремлении достичь вершин в карьере им приходится жертвовать личной жизнью,
что может привести к разладу в семьях и даже физическому насилию по отношению к
женам и детям.
b. Жизнь на природе привлекательна для многих людей, несмотря на необходимость
ежедневных поездок на работу в часы пик.
c. Женщина, желающая продвинуться по карьерной лестнице, может столкнуться с
целым рядом проблем, общих для всех женщин в любой стране. Всегда найдутся люди,
которые пытаются повысить свою значимость за счет унижения других людей. Но эта
проблема будет преодолена без усилий, если сконцентрироваться на работе.
13
Unit 1: Student’s Book
Ex. 31 ⟹ Translate into English.
Theme Two: A Place to Live and Work
Ex. 32 ⟹ Write Quiz 2, check ex. 26-30. A brief recap of the previous lesson.
Ex. 33 ⟹ Discuss with a partner the problem of illegal immigration, its causes,
effects end suggest possible solutions. Then report to class.
causes
• poor living conditions
• ......
• ......
• ......
effects
solutions
• high crime rate
• ......
• ......
• ......
• stricter laws
• ......
• ......
USEFUL LANGUAGE
poor living conditions
to flee from …
law
unemployment
natural calamities
better life
to immigrate
assimilation
assistance
new environment
to face problems/arrest/
intolerance
to adapt well to …
cheap labor
community
crime rate
hostility /tensions
prejudice
opportunities/chances
misunderstanding
to seek shelter/
to experience difficulties
hostility on the part of…
to stick together
strict measures
cultural awareness
ethnic minority
Unit 1: Student’s Book
conflicts/economic crisis
local residents
medical services
to avoid conflicts
to commit a crime
to introduce measures
to allure
14
Ex. 34 ⟹ Read the text.
Little has changed on the Streets of London
While some Irish take their degrees to
London and use them to get jobs in the
burgeoning service industry, for many others
who left school in their teens and experienced
months, if not years, of unemployment their
second act on reaching London is to sign on for
social welfare. Their first, and most difficult, is
finding somewhere to live.
Social welfare benefits, when they include
a rent allowance, are better in England. For a
young unemployed man or woman, living at
home with little or no unemployment
assistance in Ireland, this can seem an
attractive proposition, offering independence, a
subsistence income and at least the hope of a
job in a city where unemployment, while real,
is a lot lower than in Ireland. Many young Irish
emigrants go straight on the dole when they
arrive in England. Some find jobs fairly quickly,
others remain on the dole for months.
Andrew Fox is living on the dole, and is
also in receipt of housing benefit. And he is
living in relative comfort, as he's staying in
Conway House, the hostel for young Irish men
run by the Catholic Church in Kilburn. This
costs £50 a week for bed and breakfast, and all
the young men there spoke glowingly of the
facilities it offers and the welcome they receive
from staff. There was a 300 per cent increase in
demand for places in this hostel in the first six
months of last year.
But those who get into Conway House are
the lucky ones and there is a six month time
limit on residence there. It has a capacity for
just 300, a drop in the ocean, and thousands of
young Irish emigrants live in squats across
north London. The squats are empty houses,
many of them owned by the local council. They
may be being prepared for sale into the private
sector. Sometimes the council boards up the
windows or removes the stairs, and the
electricity is usually cut off. The conditions
vary widely in the squats, from those in houses
which are in good condition and where the
illegal tenants are painters and decorators and
do the place up, to those in bad repair where
the squatters live on mattresses on the floors in
rooms lit only by candles. If they reconnect the
electricity they face arrest and charges for
stealing it.
Jobs are easier to come by than homes.
But many of the jobs involve hard work, long
hours and no security or protection. This is
particularly true in the building trade. London
is experiencing a building boom and many of
the subcontractors are Irish. Like in the 1950's,
there are queues of young men outside the
Irish pubs and cafes at 5.30 on Monday
mornings, waiting to be driven to a site maybe
miles away. Often there are hundreds of young
Irish men and even if they do get work they
rarely get back before 7 p.m. Wages are paid
cash in hand. The men are not taxed and while
they don't tell the contractor they are signing
on, he doesn't ask either. And if they are
injured, they are not insured.
Sister Joan Kane of the Haringey Irish
Community Centre deals with the homeless
many of them single men who have worked on
the buildings all their lives. 'Some of the men in
their forties coming in here worked very, very
hard on the casual labouring scene. Then they
got injured one day doing very heavy work.
Now they're on the rootless scene. The
casual scene is still going strong. The
15
Unit 1: Student’s Book
The number of people emigrating from
Ireland is currently estimated at 30,000
annually. There is no doubt that the bulk of
young Irish emigrants end up in London. And
while some of their problems are unique to this
generation, many of them work in the same
jobs and live in the same conditions as endless
previous generations of emigrants to Britain.
thing is, it's Irish employers exploiting Irish
people. It's very degrading too, if you're passed
over.'
Loneliness as well as the need for
practical help ensures that many Irish people
stick together. One of the subjects discussed at
a seminar on emigration in Kilburn was the
trauma experienced by Irish emigrants,
revealed in statistics which showed a
disproportionately high number of Irish
admissions to mental hospitals. One of the
reasons for the sense of alienation was the
sense of being foreigners in England and the
hostility they experienced from many sections
of the media and the police. Those who leave
the country voluntarily are more likely to adapt
well than those, in the majority, forced to do so
out of economic necessity. Most of those who
attended the seminar in Kilburn were in no
doubt about the category they belonged to. 'I
love Ireland', says Andrew Fox. 'I wouldn't have
left it, only there was no work there.'
The Irish Times
Explain the meaning of the following phrasal verbs and provide your own sentences.
end up in London
to be in a particular place after doing something:
Somehow they all ended up at my house.
Keep on doing that and you'll end up in serious trouble.
sign on
…………………………………………………………………………….......
cut off
…………………………………………………………………………….......
do up
…………………………………………………………………………….......
come by
…………………………………………………………………………….......
passed over
…………………………………………………………………………….......
Answer the following questions using words in italics:
Unit 1: Student’s Book
1. How many people from Ireland emigrate to GB and where do most of them
settle down? Is it unusual for Great Britain?
2. Why do the emigrants have to sign on for social welfare? Why do they prefer
living on the dole in GB to staying in Ireland? What does it offer? How long do
immigrants stay on the dole?
3. Where do the majority of young Irish emigrants live? What are the living
conditions there? What dangers can they face?
4. What kind of jobs can the Irish emigrants find? What dangers in their work do
they face?
5. How does the ordinary day of emigrants run?
6. What is so degrading about the system?
7. Why is the number of Irish admissions to mental hospitals so high?
8. What are reasons for the sense of alienation?
9. What makes them stick together? Who is more likely to adapt to the
circumstances?
16
Ex. 35 ⟹ Complete the sentences below with forms of the words on the right.
1. Fans of electric cars say they are clean, quiet and …………… .
ECONOMY
2. Many editorials express their anxieties about the …………… chaos in the
country..
3. It’s hard to negotiate with people who are …………… of other people’s
political beliefs.
4. …………… to the new environment usually take the newcomers 1-2
weeks.
5. There is evidence to suggest that certain factors predispose some
individuals to …………… behaviour
6. Work-related stress is a …………… factor in many illnesses.
ECONOMY
7. The city has a large Asian ……………. .
COMMON
8. Some landlords and landladies are racially …………… .
PREJUDICE
TOLERATE
ADAPT
CRIME
CONTRIBUTE
Ex. 36⟹ Match the verbs with their definitions.
1. immigrate
a. change location periodically, especially by moving seasonally
from one region to another.
2. migrate
b. leave your own country to live in another country
3. emigrate
c. come into a country in order to live there permanently
Complete the gaps in the following sentences using the verbs immigrate, emigrate and
migrate.
1. When the war broke out his family ………………..ed to Australia.
2. The whales ……………….. some 6,000 miles to breed and calve in the warm lagoons.
3. The writer ………………..ed from Russia to the US in 1920.
Ex. 37 ⟹ Debate.
You are going to have a debate on the motion "Every border should be open to all." Work
in small groups - A or B.
Unit 1: Student’s Book
a) A groups: argue in favor of borders being open.
В groups: argue against the motion.
Think of as many arguments as you can and make notes.
b) Elect a spokesperson in each group.
A groups join В groups.
Take turns for each spokesperson to present your main arguments.
Take notes as you listen, especially on points you disagree with.
c) The other students in the group should bring up any points you want to raise.
d) In your groups, vote for or against the motion according to your genuine feelings on the
issue.
e) Summarize for the other groups what you thought and why.
17
Ex. 38 ⟹ Watch the following video episode and complete the sentences.
1. This public school is in the middle of one of the state’s
largest …………………… …………………… .
2. The immigrant population in middle America is
…………………… .
3. I like it here, he says, because there is more work, and
…………………… .
4. But there are more than …………………… million
…………………… people living in this country.
5. Their concerns are …………………… . Their concerns are
…………………… .
6. I think we need to take a look at overall policy and get a
…………………… on it.
7. Should our …………………… …………………… be more open or
more close?
Explain the speaker’s implication in sentences 3, 5, 6.
ACTIVE VOCABULARY
alienation
to exploit sb
hostility
to experience (hostility)
immigration
city expansion
social welfare
intolerance
misunderstanding
exploitation
to face (arrest)
to live on the dole
unemployment
overcrowding
sth involves sth
emigration
subsistence
allowance
accommodation cost
crime
well-off
living conditions
adaptation
to affect sb
to stick together
to contribute to sth
to cause (trouble/stir)
to tolerate sth
to adapt to sth
Unit 1: Student’s Book
(labor) migration
18
Hometask 3
Ex. 39 ⟹ Study the active vocabulary (Quiz 3)
EXAM
Трудовая миграция - одна из центральных тем политических дебатов практически во всех
странах мира. Для одних стран она оказывается благом, в других создает проблемы.
Общественное мнение относится к иммигрантам настороженно. А правительственные
эксперты и ученые, напротив, считают, что иммиграция - это хорошо.
Целью большинства мигрантов являются Америка, страны ЕС, Россия, Австралия
Международная организация по миграции (МОМ) подсчитала, что к мигрантам в
настоящее время можно отнести более 190 млн. человек или 3% населения планеты.
Примерно 15-20% в этом потоке составляют нелегалы.
Причины, вынуждающие людей мигрировать, самые разные, но так или иначе они все
сводятся к поиску лучшей - более спокойной, более обеспеченной - жизни. Многие переезжают
из одной страны в другую в поисках работы или лучшей зарплаты.
Целью половины всех мигрантов являются одни и те же 10 стран. Среди таких наиболее
привлекательных направлений: Северная Америка, страны Евросоюза, Россия, Австралия.
В отличие от общественного мнения, которое часто оказывается настроено по
отношению к мигрантам негативно, экономисты и социологи сходятся скорее на том, что
иммиграция для большинства современных стран - благо. Иммигранты стимулируют
экономический рост, не способствуя при этом росту инфляции, и вносят свой вклад в решение
демографических проблем.
Широко распространенные идеи о том, что иммигранты отнимают рабочие места у
коренного населения, а заработанные деньги отправляют за границу, в большинстве случаев
ученые склонны считать мифами. При этом трудности, с которыми сталкиваются мигранты,
вполне реальны, это и социальная незащищенность; нетерпимое и даже враждебное
отношение со стороны местных жителей, которое иногда перерастает в конфликты;
трудности с поиском жилья; взаимонепонимание, вызванное различиями культур. Из-за этого
многие мигранты испытывают сложности в адаптации к новой среде, зачастую предпочитая
держаться вместе, а не ассимилироваться.
Граждане почти всех европейских стран в той или иной степени озабочены проблемами
иммиграции и, как правило, увязывают этот вопрос с собственным благополучием и
безопасностью. Экономический кризис в Европе усиливает эту обеспокоенность. Так
Министерство внутренних дел Британии разрабатывает планы на случай резкого увеличения
иммиграции из Греции.
В интервью Daily Telegraph глава британского МВД Тереза Мэй заявила о том, что ее
ведомство проводит работу с тем, чтобы нелегальные иммигранты не могли устроиться на
работу, найти жилье и даже
открыть счет в банке.
"Цель
– создать
в
Британии
поистине
враждебную
среду
для
нелегальных иммигрантов, заявила она. – Мы не хотим,
чтобы люди думали, что они
могут приезжать сюда и
оставаться после окончания
срока действия виз, поскольку
они имеют доступ ко всему,
чего пожелают".
BBCRussian.com
19
Unit 1: Student’s Book
Ex. 40 ⟹ Put the text into English.
Ex. 41 ⟹ Complete the sentences below with forms of the words on the right.
1. Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for his …………… to Quantum Theory.
CONTRIBUTE
2. The party favored the controlled …………… of national natural resources.
EXPLOIT
3. In the population at large, there still exists considerable ……………
of/towards infected people.
4. The …………… should pay for the cost of the clean-up.
TOLERATE
5. Work …………… forced her to uproot herself and her son from Reykjavik.
COMMIT
6. She gave an ……………. explnation of what ha happened.
INVOLVE
7. Also a second 2500 square foot hospital building was constructed to relieve
……………. in the first.
8. The rapid …………… of cities can cause social and economic problems.
CROWD
Ex.
POLLUTE
EXPAND
⟹ Your project.
42
Prepare a project on one of the issues covered in this unit. Here’s a list of suggested project
forms. Choose either one of them or come up with your own.
 Interactive lecture (involve your group mates)
 PowerPoint/Keynote presentation
 Moderated whole-class discussion
 Article/Essay
 Collage
 Report (based on up-to-date materials from various resources)
Time limit:
Use the
Be
Unit 1: Student’s Book
 Speech
!
20
Brush Up
Ex. 43 ⟹ Check ex. 39-42, Quiz 3.
Ex. 44 ⟹ Imagine you were one of these people, develop their ideas from the statements
below.
1. Labor migrants are cynically exploited. It’s a sign of our society’s degradation. (Human rights
advocate)
2. The institute of marriage is in crisis. Before marrying couples should attend pre-marital
counseling with their local priest. (Priest)
3. Labor migration is a benefit for the economy of the host country. (Economist)
4. Living in the suburbs is a nightmare. (Teenager)
5. Psychological counseling for city dwellers is necessary. (Psychologist)
6. Domestic violence is a serious crime which should be severely punished. (Judge)
7. Illegal immigrants cause lots of problems. Tough measures are necessary. (Police officer)
8. The government should do more to provide safety for immigrants. (Immigrant)
USEFUL LANGUAGE
migration
Clichés
to exploit sb
As I see it …
to experience (hostility)
to take (measures)
I am convinced that …
traffic
to face (problems)
stress
to adapt to sth
Linkers
to contribute (to the economy)
Moreover …
pollution
commuting
violence
misunderstanding
to commit (a crime)
crime
living conditions
sth involves sth
to cause (trouble/stir)
intolerance
to manage (stress)
contribution
to benefit from sth
To my way of thinking …
For instance …
Besides …
First …, second … etc.
In other words …
On the one/other hand …
stress
I’d like to …
point out
emphasize
mention
that …
Unit 1: Student’s Book
Topical
add
21
Ex. 45 ⟹ Put the text into English.
EXAM
Вежливая, но несгибаемая
Я привыкла к тому, что люди часто спрашивают меня о роли женщины в деловом
мире Азии. Они знакомятся с ценностями нашей древней культуры и интересуются с
какими предрассудками и препятствиями сталкиваются женщины в личной жизни и на
работе. Я руковожу нашей семейной компанией и люди склонны думать, что я – первая
женщина в Корее, которая добилась такого высокого положения и достатка. Придется
опровергнуть такое представление. Азиатские женщины не такие покорные и связанные
домашними обязательствами, как многие на западе думают.
Моя семья была вполне традиционна и моя мама научила меня многому из того, что я
знаю об эффективном управлении. Я наблюдала, как она вела наше обширное хозяйство,
управляя десятками людей и принимая решения, касающиеся каждого из нас. Она
руководила большим домашним штатом, который находился в доме не столько для ее
удобства, сколько для того, чтобы дать ей возможность выполнять свои обязанности. Как
любой хороший управляющий моя мама обеспечивала выполнение работы всеми
работниками, стараясь найти подход к каждому. Например, она учила меня стремиться
делать все с наилучшими результатами. Она поощряла меня думать независимо, а
действовать кооперативно, что я теперь использую ежедневно.
Как управляющий, я сталкиваюсь с дилеммой. Некоторые наши самые способные
сотрудники - женщины и, когда они выходят замуж, они чаще всего бросают работу. Я
стараюсь убедить их поразмыслить над возможностью продолжать работать после
замужества.
Ex. 46 ⟹ Translate into English using the following verbs.
contribute
run
involve
face
experience
cause
Дети всегда доставляют родителям неприятности.
Кто управляет этой компанией?
У нас были некоторые проблемы, когда мы получали визы.
Я полагаю, что повышение заработной платы явилось причиной большинства наших
экономических проблем.
5. Мы рассчитываем на то, что все наши сотрудники будут предлагать новые идеи для
проектов компании.
6. В связи с работой мне придется много ездить.
7. Он не ожидал, что столкнется с такими трудностями.
8. Прежде чем мы опубликуем статью, я хочу, чтобы ты перепроверил все факты.
9. Попробуй отделить проблемы, которые вызывают наибольшие затруднения.
10. На конференции выдвигались те основные идеи, которые затрагивают судьбу
человечества.
Unit 1: Student’s Book
1.
2.
3.
4.
22
Ex. 47 ⟹ Underline the correct preposition in italics.
Unit 1: Student’s Book
1. Things are changing, but in/on/at a snail's pace.
2. I was faced to/with/at the awful job of breaking the news to the girl's family.
3. London employers were suffering from/of/to a desperate shortage of school-leavers.
4. You can get fit, and at the same time raise money in/for/of a worthy cause.
5. Moving to Spain will be better for you for/at/in the long run.
6. We wanted to force public attention at/on/to this matter.
7. The volunteers contribute their own time in/to/on the project.
8. Try to live to/beyond/within your means (=only spending what you can afford).
9. His father was a man in/at/of means (=a rich man).
10. How do these insects adapt themselves to/for/with new environments?
11. Many of the families are forced to live on/at/in the subsistence level.
12. The boy feels hostile against/of/towards his father.
13. Local residents seem to be very intolerant against/to/for refugees.
14. Too many young people are still on/at/in the dole.
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Hometask 4
Ex. 48 ⟹ Revise for the mid-term test.
Ex. 49 ⟹ Summarize the text (100-150 words)
«Самая счастливая супружеская пара в шоу-бизнесе»…
«Незыблемый союз»… Так все определяли взаимоотношения Анны и
Александра. Да и как еще можно было квалифицировать эту семейную
пару, глядя на благополучного, уверенного в себе продюсера, нежную,
всегда улыбающуюся певицу и их троих очаровательных детей? Но
несколько месяцев назад вдруг, как гром среди ясного неба, пронесся
слух о том, что они разводятся! Да не просто так, а со скандалом.
Новости вызвали однозначную реакцию: это разыгранный спектакль
на публику. Однако, когда газеты опубликовали нелицеприятные отзывы мужа и жены друг о
друге, эти статьи навели на мысль о том, что ситуация на самом деле серьезная.
Анна считает, что с ее стороны это был брак по любви. Вот только не знает теперь,
насколько любовь была обоюдной. Но на том этапе ей казалось, что и с его стороны были
чувства. Правда, достаточно быстро она стала в этом сомневаться. Думала: «Если ты меня
любишь, то почему так ко мне относишься?», имея в виду формулу «бьет — значит любит».
Она была для Анны непонятна.
Муж действительно ее бил с первого же месяца их совместной жизни. Анна прежде
никогда с подобными вещами не сталкивалась. Она была тепличной девочкой, росла в
обстановке любви, заботы, в интеллигентном окружении, в тихой провинции. И вдруг попала
в кошмар. Она сохраняла семью столько, насколько хватало ее физических и душевных сил,
все надеялась как-то изменить этого человека. И не с первым ударом кулака ее любовь
испарилась. Она боролась всеми способами, консультировалась с психотерапевтами. Но со
временем Анна стала осознавать – ради чего, спасая одного человека, должны гибнуть все?
Дети при отце вели себя, как загипнотизированные. Ему не надо было их даже наказывать –
они видели, что происходит, когда папа в гневе. Сколько отрицательных эмоций приходилось
испытывать детям!
Анна заметила, что люди хорошие и интеллигентные вызывали у мужа устойчивую
неприязнь. А подленькие и хитрые, которые за деньги удушить готовы – это его люди.
Когда чаша терпения лопнула, Анна официально подала заявление на развод.
Сейчас она говорит себе: «Все-таки хорошо, что это, наконец, произошло». Он вышел из
этой ситуации ожесточенным, а в ней в принципе ничего не изменилось, она какая была,
такая и осталась. Почему? Есть у Анны какой-то внутренний стержень, который не ломается, и
это Александру, наверное, не нравилось. Вот он ломал, ломал, пытался сломать, а не вышло.
Пружинка все сжималась, сжималась, а потом
лопнула.
Сейчас Анна по-другому и мир видит, и
себя ощущает.
"Я столько лет не видела обычных людей,
которые живут хотя и сложной, но все-таки
нормальной жизнью. Ау меня что было? Сцена
да дом, похожий на тюрьму. И больше ничего. К
тому же сейчас я, как никогда, нужна своим
детям. Самое главнее, что мы должны дать
своим детям, - это любовь. А там, где есть страх,
любви быть не может".
24
Unit 1: Student’s Book
Я ВЫРВАЛАСЬ ИЗ НАСТОЯЩЕГО АДА
Active Vocabulary
n – noun, v – verb, adj - adjective
city n
………………….
down~
facility n
shopping ~
medical ~
………………….
sports ~
~ center
metropolis n
educational ~
excellent ~
………………….
to live in ~
accommodation n
………………….
modern ~
urban vs.rural
~ area
cost of ~
~ population
affordable ~
urbaisation
to find/seek ~
rush hour n
………………….
living standards n
………………….
a decline in ~
public ~
high-rise ~
………………….
………………….
skyscraper
concrete block
apartment ~
tenant n
~ of living
………………….
………………….
everyday ~s
monthly ~
costly
~ rate
~ation system
building n
cost n
crime n
poor ~
transportn
………………….
~ expansion
comfortable ~
to improve ~
adj
~ sprawl
~ cost
during ~
………………….
decrease ~
………………….
………………….
criminal
………………….
n
reduce ~
combat ~
extreme ~
urban ~
~ rate
………………….
poverty
Unit 1: Student’s Book
town n
………………….
25
pollution n
resident n
air~
local ~
sound~
residential area
water~
environmental ~
to cause ~
to pollute
eyesore n
………………….
emigrate v
………………….
to be an ~
pollutant
………………….
~ of life
from…to
fast ~
emigrant
at a brisk ~
emigration n
fast-paced
traffic n
~ jam
~ policy
………………….
mass ~
suburb n
~ congestion
heavy ~
a London ~
~ pollution
violence n
domestic ~
………………….
suburban life
sticks n
slum n
violent attack
………………….
~ daily
commuter
commuting train
stress n
to experience ~
………………….
dirty ~s
a ~ area
the ~s of London
shanty town n
………………….
face v
………………….
~ difficulties
~problems
to suffer from ~
~ a challenge
to manage ~
~ arrest
work-related
to cause ~
stressful
………………….
to live in the ~
~ on TV
~ to work
………………….
a ~ of NY
anti-gay/migrant ~
commute v
………………….
Unit 1: Student’s Book
pace n
………………….
.
be faced with sth
26
………………….
~ smoking
affect sb/sth n
~ sb’s life
~ cars from the center
migrate n
………………….
~ seasonally
~ from … to
area ~ed by the hurricane
cause v
~ damage
migrant n
~ problems
~ sb to do sth
immigrate v ………………….
immigrant n
immigration n
allure v
………………….
~ the listener
allure n
~ a disease
cause n
………………….
work n [U]
………………….
for a good ~
a lot of ~
be out of ~
………………….
after ~
the ~ of travel
the ~ of city
lose ~
alluring adj
find ⧠ work
freelance adj
a ~ journalist
………………….
to freelance
~ images
upmarket adj ………………….
a freelancer
expense n
living ~s
an ~ restaurant
medical ~s
an ~ district
at the ~ of…
overcrowded adj………………….
an ~ bus
divorce n
can’t ~ to go to Goa
………………….
~ trial
~ rate
………………….
can’t ~ a new car
………………….
to file for ~
~ conditions
afford v
………………….
a ~ writer
the ~ magic of NY
an ~ city
………………….
~ concern
migration n
~ from … to
………………….
Unit 1: Student’s Book
ban v
a painful ~
.
un/affordable housing
27
…………………
to ~ on TV
means n
to live beyond ~
to ~ out of sugar
to live within ~
to ~ a company
to ~ a story
run n
………………….
………………….
find a ~
a regular ~
a temporary ~
lose your ~
raise v
a man of ~
spouse n
in the long ~
job n [C]
low/high-paid
………………….
to ~ children
wife
well-off adj
………………….
career n
………………….
be from a ~ family
to make a~
to establish a ~
involve v
………………….
this job ~s working long hours
to ~ money
to ~ kids in the game
to ~ a question
an involved explanation
attention n
………………….
to pay ~ to sth
involvement
economy n
national ~
………………….
to force sb’s ~ on sth
economic crisis
to deserve ~
an economical wife
hard pressed adj
to be ~
stir n
husband
partner
to ~ prices
spy v
………………….
to ~ sth in sb
………………….
to cause a ~ among…
to ~ to sth
………………….
………………….
to ~ a worker
employer
………………….
………………….
contribute v
employ v
employee
unemployment rate
be unemployed
labor n
Unit 1: Student’s Book
run v
………………….
cheap ~
~ market
~ force
to ~ time to the project
to ~ money to charty
28
adapt v
to ~ well
………………….
to ~ TO new environment
adaptation period
contribution n
………………….
to make a ~ to sth
considerable ~
experience v
………………….
to ~ difficulties
to ~ problems
commit v
to ~ a crime
………………….
to ~ suicide
to ~ oneself to
commitment n
family ~s
………………….
………………….
~ money
weekly ~
social ~
~ officer
~ benefits
tolerate v
………………….
to ~ sb’s behaviour
not ~ racism
in/tolerant TO/OF sth
in/tolerance
in/tolerable conditions
a cautionary tale
a warning
tighten the belt
to split up
live at the ~ level
allowance n
………………….
the last straw
work ~s
subsistence n
welfare n
………………….
to become established
to bear the brunt
to live on the dole
get an ~
an ~ of £200
hostility n
………………….
to experience sb’s ~
tough adj
~ life
Unit 1: Student’s Book
be hostile TO sb
………………….
a ~ year
~ decisions
ask ~ questions
29