Payback time begins in Canada
Transcription
Payback time begins in Canada
SPRING 2013 How likely are you to shop at TARGET once its stores open in your community? 2.% 1.7% 2.% 22.0% 52.0% Payback time begins in Canada I t is still chilly throughout Canada, but Target can count on a warm reception as its nationwide rollout begins this month in Toronto. Exclusive Target Supplier News research conducted by Field Agent, a market research firm and provider of in-store service, shows the retailer’s prospects for success are quite high owing to tremendous awareness, strong purchase intent and willingness to abandon some familiar competitors. Nearly 93% of the 300 Field Agent respondents who participated in the survey said they were aware that Target was opening in Canada, and more than half said they were “very happy” Are you aware that TARGET stores are opening this March in Canada? 7.3% 92.7% Yes 1 No the company was opening stores. In addition, more than half also said they would definitely shop at Target once stores opened in their communities. In fact, 71% of respondents said they had already shopped at a Target store in the United States. Those are compelling figures for a company with high expectation for a market entry that involves 124 store openings in a single year, more than the company has ever opened in the United States. during a comparable period. The first stores have already opened in the Toronto area, and by the end of April a total of 24 units will be open. The remaining 100 stores will open in four waves over the remainder of the year with Target eventually expecting its Canadian operations to generate revenue of $6 billion. Target is off to a good start and enters the markets with some tailwinds. Canadian familiarity with U.S. retailers overall and cross border shopping behaviors are well known. However, Target Supplier News wanted to gain deeper insight into Canadians’ awareness level of Target, specifically purchase intent, emotional connection to the brand and the competitive impact that will result from the addition of 125 new Target stores in a single year. Accordingly, a key element of the survey examined which retailers would bear the brunt of Target’s unprecedented incursion. 20.3% Definitely will Not likely Very likely Definitely won’t Somewhat likely Unsure Are you happy that TARGET is opening in Canada? 1.7% 0.3% 28.3% 51.0% 18.7% Very happy Somewhat happy Neutral Somewhat unhappy Very unhappy Continued on page 3 We target your success ™ Every store. Every week. We understand stores. All we do is Target merchandising and nobody does it better. We are in every Target store every week in the U.S. and Canada providing comprehensive retail services including: • Planogram Audits and Maintenance • Item Corrections • Instant Rebate Coupons (IRCs) • Merchant Initiated Returns (MIRs) • Count Updates • And Much, Much More To learn how you can achieve success with our total store expertise, Target-focused training, and dedicated field structure, contact Chris today at 1-800-777-3767 or [email protected]. www.rmservicing.com www.rmservicing.com • 800-777-3767 • [email protected] Continued from page 1 Have you ever shopped at a TARGET stores in the United States? 29.3% 70.7% Yes No Walmart will be tested most by Target’s entry Target enjoys high awareness and strong purchase intent among Canadians, and that could spell trouble for Walmart, according to Field Agents who shared their views in the Target Supplier News survey. Target this year will transform more than 10 million square feet of selling space to a higher and better use than what Zellers offered shoppers, and many are likely to alter their behavior as a result. Not that Canadians don’t love their Walmart. Twenty-five percent of respondents said it was their favorite place to shop—more than any other retailer and well ahead of second ranked Costco at 15.3%. Likewise, when asked where they would go shopping if they had an extra $100 to spend, Walmart was the preferred destination for 15.7% of respondents, second only to Best Buy at 21.7%. In addition, Walmart stands out as the nation’s clear low price leader, singled out by nearly half of those who wrote in the retailer’s name on an open-ended question. No other retailer was even close, with the Lob’s law limited assortment No Frills food concept mentioned by 12% of respondents. When asked directly about whether Walmart was the nation’s low price leader, an overwhelming 80% of respondents agreed with the statement. Walmart also ranked the highest, beating out Costco, when Canadians were asked which retailer offered the best value, defined as the combination of low price and product quality. 3 So why should Walmart be worried about Target? For starters, many of those surveyed indicated they plan to change their behavior and expect others will as well. For example, nearly 60% of those surveyed said they would shop less at Walmart once Target opens. No other retailer will feel as great an impact. Shoppers Drug Mart was the second most frequently mentioned company with 15% of respondents indicating they would shop at the drug chain less after Target opens. When the issue was probed in a slightly different manner by asking respondents which three retailers would be most affected by Target’s arrival Walmart fared even worse. It was mentioned by 88% of respondents, followed by 33% for Loblaw’s Real Canadian Superstore concept, 32% for Sears, 22% for Canadian Tire and 20% for Shoppers Drug Mart. To probe the Target vs. Walmart issue further, respondents were directly asked about their purchase frequency at Walmart once Target opens. Nearly 13% said they would shop much less at Walmart and 47% said somewhat less. A larger group, 36%, said their behavior would remain the same. Which retailer is your favorite place to shop? 15.3% 17% 48.7% 8% 6.3% 4.7% 3% 3% 3.7% Costco Best Buy Real Canadian Superstore Canadian Tire Loblaws Future Shop Chapters Indigo 6.7% 4.3% 4.3% Walmart No Frills Dollarama Costco Other Real Canadian Food Basics FreshCo Which retailer provides the best value (combination of product quality and value)? 16.7% 10.3% 28% 7% 5.3% Other Zehrs 9.7% 9% 7.7% 25% No Frills 12% 23% 6.3% Walmart Which retailer stands out as the clear low-price leader? 3.7% 2.3% 2.7% 3% 3.3% Walmart Costco Other Real Canadian Canadian Tire No Frills Loblaws Best Buy FreshCo Atlantic Supers Continued on page 4 Continued from page 3 Methodology Canadians say “no thanks” to other retailers Target may be getting a warm reception in Canada, but other U.S. retailers shouldn’t expect a similar reaction. When asked “are there other U.S. retailers you would like to see open stores in Canada,” most of those surveyed shrugged their shoulders. It seems Canadians are pretty happy with the mix of retailers they already have. Most struggled to identify specific retailers they would like to see enter the market next. For example, Macy’s topped the listed, mentioned by a paltry 4.5% of respondents, followed by Nordstrom, mentioned by a scant 2%. It is unclear where Target would have ranked had Canadians been asked a similar question prior to the Zeller’s acquisition, but it is safe to say that sometimes shoppers don’t know what they are missing until a new retailer announces plans to enter a market and a sense of anticipation builds. The fact that there is no great outcry for a particular U.S. retailer to come to the market also doesn’t appear to be due to any sort of nationalism. When asked if they wished there were fewer U.S. retailers in Canada, nearly 81% said, “no.” Target Supplier News worked with the Field Agent organization to formulate and execute the survey featured in this issue. Field Agent is an innovative organization that leverages the power of crowdsourcing and mobile technology to gather unconventional business insights. The Fayetteville, Ark.-based company’s proprietary mobile research tool is designed to provide data and insights quickly, efficiently and accurately across a spectrum of shopper segments during all phases of the path to purchase through to the in-home product usage phase. The company relies on a network of more than 200,000 people equipped with smartphones who are known as Field Agents. For purposes of the Canadian Retail Study, 300 Field Agents who were identified as mass market shoppers participated in the survey which was completed via their smart phones on Feb.27, just weeks before Target opened its first stores in Toronto as part of a 2013 expansion program that calls for 124 new stores. l A pocket of nationalism does exist though with 19% wishing there were fewer U.S. retailers. Canadians favorite places to shop Where would Canadians go to shop if they suddenly found a spare $100 in their wallet? Target Suppliers News asked that question as an unconventional way of unearthing shoppers discretionary preferences in the face of a modest windfall. Which three retailers would be most affected by Target’s opening in Canada? Walmart 33% Real Canadian Superstore Sears Other Canadian Tire Shoppers Drug Mart 31.7% 24% 22% 20% 13.7% Costco London Drugs Loblaws Future Shop Staples Best Buy Dollarama Atlantic Superstore Sobeys Rexall Home Hardware No Frills Safeway 4 9.7% 8.7% 7.3% 6.3% 5.7% 5.3% 4.7% 3.7% 3.3% 3% 3% 3% 88.3% Best Buy was the overwhelming favorite mentioned most frequently by 21.7% of respondents. Its Canadian subsidiary Future Shop, acquired by Best Buy over a decade ago, wasn’t far behind at 13.3%. Walmart was the second most popular place to spend $100 of found money, mentioned by 15.7% of respondents, followed by Costco at 12%. Continued on page 9 Which retailers will you shop at less once Target opens in your community? Walmart 26.3% Other 20.3% None 14.7% Shoppers Drug Mart Real Canadian Superstore 9.7% Sears 9.7% Canadian Tire 7% London Drugs 6.3% Dollarama 4.7% Rexall 4.7% Future Shop 4.3% 4.3% Staples 3.7% Costco 3.7% Loblaws 3.3% IGA 3.3% Save-On Foods 3% Home Depot 2.7% Food Basics 2.7% Metro 2.7% No Frills 59.7% Surveying Target’s New Frontier A s Target takes its first steps in the fresh snow of the Canadian landscape, the market itself continues to shift with plenty of new developments, which means that Target will have to adjust its game plan on the fly as their stores start opening from coast to coast. Here are some basic facts about Canada that set the scene for Target’s launch “north of the border”: - Canada has population of 35 million people, with 75% living within 100 m. of the U.S. border. - Canada is officially bilingual, with more than 20% of the population being Frenchspeaking (mainly in Quebec). - Canada is highly diverse, with 20% of the population speaking a language other than English or French. - A strong economy driven by natural resources growth, with 7% unemployment in December 2012. - Higher store labor costs with minimum wages ranging from $9.75 to $11.00. - Retail landscape dominated by five players: Loblaw, Sobeys, Metro, Walmart and Shoppers Drug Mart. Since Target purchased the leases of Zellers stores in January 2011, the retail and supplier communities have been getting ready for this injection of “new blood” into the Canadian retail landscape. The last event of this magnitude happened nearly 20 years ago when Walmart purchased the defunct Woolco chain back in 1994. Target has picked the best 122 Zellers sites and is investing millions of dollars to bring them up to the same image standard as the U.S. stores, meaning a complete gutting of the existing space in most cases. In a peculiar move, Target decided to sell 39 Zellers sites to its most direct competitor, Walmart Canada. Most of these stores have now 6 reopened under the Walmart banner as part of a $750 million capital expenditure in Fiscal 2012. Walmart continues its aggressive expansion of its Supercentre format, rolling-out to Atlantic Canada in 2013. Walmart plans to have a total of 388 stores in Canada by the end of 2013. Jeff Doucette founder of Field Agent Canada Walmart also has been making investments behind in-store merchandising with best-in-class execution of seasonal events over the past year. ISM is a natural strength of the Target organization, and Walmart seems to have understood that the in-store environment must be enhanced in order to defend against Target’s launch. Canada’s largest retailer, Loblaw Companies, is a food-focused retailer with operations from coast-to-coast under a variety of regional supermarket and supercenter banners. While both Walmart and Loblaw are likely to lose some share to Target due to their sheer size, the most vulnerable Loblaw format will be the Real Canadian Superstore, which has 112 outlets in Ontario and Western Canada. These stores have large health & beauty, electronics, housewares and clothing sections, which will compete head-to-head with Target’s offerings. Loblaw’s Joe Fresh line of cheap-chic clothing, which has made the supermarket chain one of Canada’s largest clothing retailers, will likely be the main weapon used to defend against Target. Incidentally, Joe Fresh will also launch at JCP stores across the United States this month, giving Target a headache on both sides of the border. Target will have a competitive offering of food in Canada, including a variation on PFresh in most stores, but it is seen more as a convenience offering in Canada verus the traffic and basket-building role that PFresh has plays in the United States. For this reason, Target is not expected to have a major impact on such traditional grocers in Canada as Sobeys and Metro. In fact, Sobeys will be the wholesaler of fresh food to Target for the foreseeable future. However, rumors are swirling about the fate of Canada Safeway and whether the Canadian operation will be sold to Loblaw, Sobeys or Metro in 2013. All three suitors are cash-rich and would love to add Safeway to their network if it were made available for sale. Canada’s largest drug store operator, Shoppers Drug Mart has more than, 1100 stores and is the leading beauty/wellness retailer in the country. Target’s strong merchandising in beauty will require Canadian retailers to up their game in the mass cosmetics and beauty sections of their stores. In Target, Shoppers Drug Mart will also face a new competitor in the Pharmacy space, adding more pressures to its main profit and traffic-driving category. Canadian retailers also are looking to enhance or launch loyalty programs to compete against Target’s RedCard. Loblaw and Walmart are developing their own loyalty programs, while retailers such as Toys R Us have joined the popular Air Miles coalition loyalty program. In addition, Canadian retail icon Canadian Tire is migrating its program to a modern cardbased system, eliminating its Canadian Tire money, which is often referred to as Canada’s second currency. Continued on page 9 New challenges for merchandise execution Cindy Sattler CEO Lawrence Merchandising Services spent on marketing, there is declining discretionary spend. Suppliers are cautious on how to they allocate their marketing in-store support dollars. To capture fair market share, in-store execution must be a success through accuracy, timeliness, efficiency and speed. In order to The retail in-store support as an outsourced solution. The justify spend, analytics become more critical to industry has MSO industry offers suppliers the opportunity to show ROI and the impact of success. come a long get experienced resources, providing the ideal way since 1962 level of support at the precise time to maximize services, and our reps are in every Target store when Lawrence sell-through. Recent legislative initiatives include at least once a week. Our clients often approach Merchandising President Barack Obama’s recently proposed us with specific service needs and are pleas- Services began increase in the minimum wage to $9 an hour. antly surprised by the value-added information operations and If enacted, this increase would affect the MSO we are able to provide along with our regular Target and other industry and the CPG firms, those people in the services. Many suppliers do not think to ask retailers opened retail industry who leverage the resources and for more information about what our reps see their first who are reliant on the services we provide. at the store level, what is around their product discount stores. Changes in the workplace have forced com- We perform a wide variety of merchandising placement and what stands out from the compe- Today, retailers and the merchandising service panies to challenge the status quo. This is true tition. There is a great deal of information to be organizations built to enhance in-store execu- for the retail industry, making enhanced product gleaned from simple day-to-day assessments tion are operating in an environment that offers presentation in the stores critically important and the observance of shopper patterns. Most unprecedented challenges that require careful for suppliers who are competing for lower successful suppliers will leverage a traditional navigation of uncertain waters to capitalize on consumer spend. Attention is now more focused merchandising service to obtain store-level new opportunities. on finding new solutions to merchandise product insights and take advantage of added potential versus the traditional means of marketing or benefits. The recession and tepid recovery has already It is critical for suppliers to choose the right had a significant impact on in-store support. passively allowing the at-shelf decision to occur Retailers have responded to the economic without additional support. Such needs within partner, especially as it relates to performing work climate by cutting back on resources at the the marketplace have fostered the necessity for inside Target stores. As the largest and longest- store level. Suppliers are then left to determine suppliers and retailers to rely on the services of running MSO doing business with Target, we how to financially yet optimally support their MSO groups. occupy a unique vantage point to products at retail in a way that will deliver ROI Multichannel retail is a reality today where offer perspective on how the industry and Target for their marketing programs and ensure their MSO groups play a key role in creating an have changed and will continue to evolve. We product and fixtures are set on the selling floor impactful guest experience. In the past, many were there for the advent of the discount store with POP materials in place. This spend will merchandising efforts were directed solely and have seen the evolution of formats over the encompass the successful sell-through of their to such specific departments as clothing and years, including Target Greatland, SuperTarget, product through the complete retail cycle from accessories. However, retailing has evolved to CityTarget, Urban and PFresh. In most cases, the back room to the point of sale. A further factor include merchandising emphasis on additional formats included the introduction of grocery, deli to the cost of managing in-store support and categories, such as grocery and HBC items, due and bakery goods. The latest expansion effort in ROI is the increased use of technology at shelf to the increased demand and the heightened Canada is unprecedented in the company’s his- that requires some level of ongoing support or competitive landscape of all retail departments. tory and promises to be as exciting for suppliers maintenance, which also must be rationalized. Consumers are increasingly making more as it is for Target. Companies have been challenged over the decisions at the shelf, so product presentation Each step of the way, the philosophy of striving last few years to respond to the realities of the and in-stocks are paramount to ensuring sell- to enhance the guest service experience through U.S. economy, and this has included the down- through. merchandising excellence and outstanding sizing of resources, as well as outsourcing of With the increased pressure of spend on sup- product assortment has made this retailer stand various functions, including IT, human resources, pliers, it is critical they receive in-depth analytics, apart from the competition. We don’t expect the accounting and call center technology, to name providing consumer insights, store-level retailer company to alter its enduring value proposition, a few. There is an opportunity in the retail insights, and product placement performance but the environment in which it looks to execute industry, given recent legislative initiatives and at the shelf. In the fast pace of retail, with the that strategy presents intriguing new growth op- continued economic pressures, to re-evaluate effects of the recession and the impact of dollars portunities for suppliers. l 7 Virtual merchandising becomes reality T he McGladrey building in downtown Minneapolis isn’t much to look at. It was built in 1969, and over the years, its stature was reduced as taller structures joined the skyline. Appearance can be deceiving, however, and on the top floor of the 20-story structure, behind a locked door just down the hall from a Unilever office, Target and some of its top suppliers are re-inventing the future of retail decision-making. The building is home to a facility known as an “Interactive Collaborative Environment,” operated by the Red Dot Square division of global advertising giant WPP. The large open space features a concave white wall on which Red Dot can simulate a variety of store interiors and shelf sets that are viewable by those seated in two rows of theater-style chairs. What makes the facility special is the use of virtual technology that is designed to accelerate, improve and optimize every aspect of retail decisionmaking. The virtual technology isn’t exactly new and the facility was opened five years ago, but what’s happened lately is usage of the technology has broadened as retailers awoke to the benefits. According to Red Dot CEO Jeremy Cohen, CPG companies such as Unilever and KimberlyClark were early adopters of virtual reality technology because they saw its usage as a competitive advantage. More recently, however, there has been a shift as retailers have come to understand the benefits of the technology and now encourage use by all suppliers. That usage falls into four broad areas with a consistent underlying value proposition involving faster, more accurate decision-making, according to Cohen. “The facility has really become a focal point for the technology, but usage of the technology extends beyond the facility,” Cohen explained. For example, consumer research and shopper insights can be readily obtained with virtual technology without the need for other conventional methods of research. Red Dot can simulate the experience of walking into a Target store and going down an aisle populated with an array of items in varying configurations. Shoppers can visit the virtual store and thanks to eye-tracking technology, the duration of their gaze on specific areas or signage can be monitored to produce a heat map of the shelf. Continued on page 9 Bob Musman, head of client management for Red Dot Square Solutions’ Minneapolis office, displays the capabilities of the firm’s virtual technology. 8 Target’s New Frontier continued from page 6 Continued from page 8 Recently, a lot of attention has been paid to price discrepancies on similar or identical goods on both sides of the border. A recent Field Agent survey found that prices were 20% more expensive at Walmart stores in Canada then they are in the United States, despite the Canadian dollar being valued at parity to the greenback. While retail price differences tend to be driven by supplier price lists, not inflated retailer margins, Canadian consumers and law makers will no doubt be keeping a close eye on how Target prices items in Canada compared to its U.S. stores. Differences in the price of a box of Tide may be out of the control of Target, but the retail price of a Michael Graves teapot and the rest of Target’s owned brands will likely not be able to support a large price gap versus the U.S. stores. Target also has used its design partnerships and exclusive brands to build links to the Canadian consumer. Target recently selected a young Quebec designer as the winner of the Target Emerging Designer Award, which includes an exclusive clothing line that will launch in 2014. In addition, Target stores will be carrying a limited time only collection from Roots Outfitters, a clothing and accessories brand that is as Canadian as maple syrup and hockey. We also would not be surprised to see an execution of “The Shops at Target”, stocked with popular Canadian regional brands, as part of the early merchandising plan for Target Canada. Without question, 2013 will be a very dynamic year in Canadian retail, and Target will be a catalyst in driving changes that will benefit Canadian consumers through competition. Target will be successful in Canada; that is not really a debate. However, Canadian retailers will have to be better merchants and draw on their deep understanding of Canadian consumers to minimize the bleeding of market share to Target Canada. It’s going to be a very interesting year! l Changes to packaging and placement can then be made quickly and evaluated further to determine shopper reaction and optimize assortments. Another application involves the development and testing of design elements that include the physical layout of a store and in-store shopper marketing elements. It enables brands to evaluate shopper behaviors on the path to purchase and those points of interruption where it makes the most sense to activate purchase. A third application is the area of virtual merchandising, which simplifies the creation of assortments and supplier interaction. “This is the thing in particular that Target is starting to look at,” Cohen said. And for good reason. The merchandising capabilities of virtual reality help alleviate many of the pain points associated with traditional supplier-and-buyer interaction, while improving decision-making accuracy and speed to shelf. For example, buyers are able to make more informed choices about which items belong in the planogram based on research and insights, but then those items can be presented on the virtual reality wall and viewed with supporting attributes for individual items. According to Cohen, retailers are able to view a shelf with products that are color-coded based on attributes of their choosing, such as Jeff Doucette is the founder of Field Agent Canada an iPhone-driven audit service that is revolutionizing how retail audits and mystery shops are completed in Canada. He is a veteran of the Canadian CPG industry. including various sales roles with Unilever and L’Oreal. He is also principal of Sales Is Not Simple, a Calgary-based CPG consultancy. He can be reached at jeff. [email protected] 9 rate of sale, margin contribution or trip-generating capabilities. “It helps buyers develop the right range of products for the right stores,” Cohen said. “It can save as much as 50% of a buyer’s time and can produce a 3% to 5% uplift in sales based on improved decision-making through data visualization.” From a suppliers’ standpoint, Cohen contends, “virtual reality is the Power Point for this decade,” referring to the ubiquitous Microsoft presentation software relied upon by a generation of salespeople to pitch products to retailers. “Why would you show a static representation of what shoppers might see in-store, when you could show what they actually will see and then show it from different perspectives?” The fourth application that Cohen sees for virtual reality is the concept of collaboration and co-creation that allows stakeholders to get to “yes” faster. With suppliers and buyers in the same room, they can employ virtual reality to take ideas or concepts that are partially developed, modifying them in real time, reach consensus and move to execution faster. Cohen sees this approach replacing the traditional and time-consuming process where buyers and suppliers would go back and forth with each other, attempting to schedule meetings, rescheduling meetings, all to adjust plans before reaching an agreement to begin execution. l Continued from page 4 It’s interesting to note that Canada’s homegrown retailers didn’t rate highly. Canadian Tire was mentioned by 8% of respondents, but after that, retailers such as Loblaws, Shoppers Drug Mart and Loblaws’ Real Canadian Superstore division were way down on the list. l Once Target opens, will you shop at Walmart more or less frequently? 35.7% Much more Somewhat more Same amount 47.3% 12.7% 3% 1% 0.3% Somewhat less Much less I don’t shop at Walmart LAWRENCE MERCHANDISING Right on Target since 1962 We’ve been working with Target since the day they opened their doors. We move more products in more locations than anyone else. Every store. Every week. And the best completion rates in the industry. Guaranteed. Joel Nelson: 877-483-5785 x715 / [email protected] Greg Knight: 877-483-5785 x702 / [email protected] Who’s showrooming Who? D igitally enabled comparison shopping, also known as showrooming, isn’t just about Amazon. A new study from market research firm ClickIQ show’s Amazon isn’t as big a threat to Target as increasingly competent brick-andmortar retailers. The Minneapolis-based firm surveyed 1,000 members of its U.S. consumer panel Jan. 30 through Feb. 7. Target respondents must have shopped in a retail store within the past three months, own a mobile device and used the mobile device while at a brick-and-mortar store to research a product and have since purchased the researched product. ClickIQ expected the results to reinforce conventional wisdom and show Amazon.com as the largest benefactor of showrooming. However, the study results show an added dimension to showrooming beyond the online losses and revealed Best Buy, Walmart and Target all lost and gained sales from the price comparison practice. For example, 20% of 368 respondents who researched a product while at a Best Buy store indicated that they actually purchased the researched product at Target. The significance in this number is that it is twice that of those who purchased the product at Amazon.com. With another 10% completing the sale at Walmart, it is apparent that showrooming isn’t just providing online-only retailers a showroom floor, according to Click IQ. Walmart lost nearly as much to Target (18%) from the 395 respondents who researched a product while at a Walmart store, and only 14% to Amazon.com and 7% to Best Buy. Although it might appear that Target is the winner here, Target did not come out unscathed. Of the 352 respondents who researched at a Target store, 14% purchased the product at Walmart, 13% at Amazon.com and 7% at Best Buy. Overall, Amazon.com was still the biggest total benefactor among respondents in the study with 13% of all the self-reported sales. Many purchased at the retailer where they were shopping, while only a very small percentage ended up purchasing at a retailer online site like Bestbuy.com, Walmart.com or Target.com. Of those who purchased online (240 of the 1,000 respondents), a little over half of them reported not paying sales tax. Roughly 65% of the group who did not pay sales tax indicated that it had at least some amount of influence on their purchasing decision. Another noteworthy result from the study is that those consumers who engage in showrooming do so quite often. When asked how many products they researched while in the retail store with their mobile device within the past three months, 80% indicated that they had researched at least three products, with 43% overall responding that they researched five or more products. l