care international in tanzania

CARE INTERNATIONAL IN
TANZANIA
CONTRIBUTION OF THE WATER USERS
ASSOCIATION TO SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT
OF CHARCO-DAMS FOR WATER SUPPLY TO
DIVERSE USERS: THE SEMI ARID EXPERIENCE
12TH International SearNet Conference, Livingstone, Zambia
10th-12th December 2008
TABLE OF CONTENT
zIntroduction
zParticipation
of the Communities in
Designing & Construction of the Charco-dams
z Implementing Partners Support on the
Construction of the Charco-dams
zFormation of the Water Users Association for
Management of Charco-dams
zConclusions and Recommendations
PART OF SEMI ARID AREA IN N. TZ
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Arid & Semi Arid regions of the world,
including Tanzania experience
shortage of water to suffice the
domestic, livestock and agricultural
needs.
z RWH techniques have been used
widely to meet the growing demand of
the diverse water users.
z
INTRODUCTION CONT…
zRWH
is defined as the collection and
storage of runoff water produced by
rainfall.
zThis encompasses various practices, such
as Charco-dams; Ndiva (Storage dam);
Roof top rain water harvesting;
Underground semi hemispherical tanks and
Water storage tanks.
INTRODUCTION CONT…
zAll
rainfall harvesting systems have three
components: a collection area, a conveyance
system, and a storage area. Depends on the context,
collection and storage is provided within the
landscape. Topographic depressions represent ideal
collection and storage areas.
zFocus of the presentation, examining role played
by Rural Communities in the Semi Arid Regions of
Tanzania in designing & construction of the
improved RWH traditional structures- Charcodams and contribution of the WUAs in sustainable
water management
2.0 PARTICIPATION OF COMMUNITIES IN
DESIGNING & CONSTRUCTION
2.0 COMMUNITIES PARTICIPATION ON THE
DESIGNING & CONSTRUCTION OF CHARCODAMS…
•Participatory assessment of the status of the Charco-dams
in the District by IP
•An agreement or contract is first drafted by Implementing
Partners then discussed in a general meeting with the
Charco-dams owners. The agreement is amended based on
the discussion held and signed by agreed party.
•The Charco-dam owners made their contributions both in
cash and labour based on the agreement made by Charcodam owners and implementing agent
2.0 COMMUNITIES
PARTICIPATION CONT…
The IP provides the technical backstopping
required in the Charco-dam site and the
Charco-dams owners play their role
zBoth primary and secondary data are
collected to guide the technical support
required by Charco-dam owners.
zThe catchment area and its drainage
pattern is collected as secondary data.
CATCHMENT AREA AND ITS
DRAINAGE
IMPLEMENTING PARTNERS SUPPORT
CONT..
APROACH TWO: The Charco-dams are
constructed by Communities through food
for work, in which case maize, beans and
cooking oil are provided as per agreed piece
of work with the IP. Experience shows that
a Charco-dam of about 25 x 30 x 4m3 is
dug using approx. 93 Metric tonnes of food,
costing USD 30,000. All the construction
work is done manually by communities,
4.0 FORMATION OF THE WATER USERS
ASSOCIATION FOR MANAGEMENT OF
WATER SUPPLY ON THE CHARCO-DAM
LGA usually are involved in the whole
process of community mobilization,
construction and management of water
supply for the Charco-dam.
The Water Users Association Management
Committee are nominated by the
Community members, the number varies
from 6 to 10, usually Gender balance is
observed . Capacity building to the
management committee is observed
5.0 CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
z
Participatory assessment of the status of
the Charco-dams that require
rehabilitation, solution solving enable
the Communities in Semi Arid region to
learn technical problems encountered
during construction of the Charco-dams
through traditional methodologies and
improve accordingly.
CONCLUSION CONT…
z
z
The approach adopted by IPs that
involve the communities to share the
cost for construction or rehabilitation of
the Charco-dams allows commitment by
the Communities in its management and
create ownership attitude
Conflicts among diverse water users are
minimized when Community Charco –
dams are managed by well trained
WUA Management team.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Sensitization, awareness creation and
appropriate training is vital in ensuring that
WUAs Committee manage the Charcodams in a sustainable manner. This may
include: promoting the non-violent
resolution of water conflict among the
diverse WUs and mobilization of the
community to conserve and protect water
source through vegetative fencing of the
Charco-dams and establishment of tree
nurseries, woodlots and fruits cultivation,
which provide income
CARE INTERNATIONAL IN
TANZANIA
THANKS FOR LISTENING
PREPARED BY
DHAHIA R.MBAGA
DEPUTY SECTOR COORDINATOR , NATURAL
RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT
THE END