DIOPHANTUS I

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DIOPHANTUS
[nE WIN'TER
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Calais; rode to India from Ru~sia t.hrough
Persia ; visited mines and prisons of
Siberia ; wandered over the Balkans,
and spent two years in Sahara and
Morocco ; his journeys are described in
many books .
De Winter (de vint' er), Jan Willem (17501812). Dutch admiral, in command at
the ba-ttle of Camperdown ; 668-9.
De Witt (de vi't'), Jan (1625-72). Dutch
statesman, grand pensionary for nearly
20 years ; in domestic politics supported
republicans against House of Orange ;
sought alliance with Louis XIV ; lost
influence when FT. desigp.s against
Netherlands became apparent ; killed
by mob.
"De Witt Clinton," locomotive, picture,
2230.
Dew-point hygrometer, 1905.
Dews' bury, Eng. Tn. in Yorkshire, 8 m.
s. of Leeds; pop. 54,165 ; makes carpets,
blankets, worsted ; 3829.
Dex' trine, an adhesive g um, 3405. ·
Dextro-rotatory light, 3491.
Dextrose or grape sugar, 3436, 1620.
Dhole· (dol), wild dog of India ; differs
from wolf by hair between toes and
shorter muz1Je; 1927.
.
Dholpur (dol-pyr'). Native state of Rajputana, India; 1155 sq. m. ; pop.
263,000; agricultural section; cap.
Dholpur (20,000).
fli' abase or greenstone. A granular igneous
rock with lime-soda felspar and pyroxene (augite) as its essential minerals;
generally crystalline throughout ; almost
identical with basalt.
Diabetes (di-d-be'tez), 1614.
Diagno' sis of disease, 2376.
Dial, Watch, how made, 885.
Diam'eter, of circle, 1574; of earth , 1158;
as m easure of magnifying power, 3515.
Diamond, 1105- 8, 1546, pict'u,re, 719;
Brazilian mines, 545; consists of carbon,
719, 1107; hardness scale, 2432;
Kohinoor, 1108, 2240, pictu,res, 1105,
1107; made radio-active by radium,
3032; S. African fields, 3328, 3331, 58,
57, 718; synthetic and imitation, 1546,
719 ; used as drill points, 2433; world
stock, 1546.
Diamond (baseball), 361. ·
Diamond, Cape, on St. Lawrence R. at
Quebec, 3003.
Diamond-back terrapin, 3612.
Diamond drill, picture, 2433.
Diamond Necklace Affair. Historic Fr.
political scandal, contributory to I•'r.
Rev., and involving Marie Antoinette,
in whose name the necklace had been
fraudulently ordered through certain
swindlers and their dupes.
Diamond rattlesnake, 3044, picture, 3070.
Diamond type, 3622.
Diana (di-an'd), goddess in Rom. myth.,
identified with Gk. Artemis, 1108, 233;
:Seauvais tapestry, pict'u,re, 1707, 3489.
See also in Index Artemis.
Diana monkey, 2453.
Diana, Temple of (Ephesus), 3251, pie·
ture, 3250.
Diana Ver'non. Brilliant and beautiful
heroine of Scott's "Rob Roy!'
Diaphrag1n (di' d-fritm), of body, 1108,
2507 ; in camera, 2867 ; in gramophone,
1668-70 ; in telephone, p·icture, 3509.
Diar.b ekir (di -ar' bckr), Turkey, tn. on
Tigris R. about 200 m. N.E. of Aleppo;
pop. 38,000 ; silk goods, gold and
silver filigree work, 3542.
Diastrophism (di-ds'tro-fi.sm), the process
of change in the shape of the earth's
crust. 2872.
Diatom·(di' a -t orn), a single-celled sea plant;
earthy deposits formed, 1152.
Diavolo, Fra (fra de-a't'o-l o) (" Brot.her
Devil ") (1771-1806). It. brigand. and
renegade monk, subject of opera by
Auber.
Diaz (de'az), Armando (b. 1861). It.
general, commander-in-chief of It.
armies in World War.
Diaz or Dias de Novaes, Bartholomew
(d. 1500), Port . navigator, discoverer of
Cape of Good Hope, 3327, 716.
Diaz (de-az'), Narcisse Virgilio (1807-76),
Fr. landscape painter of Barbizon school,
2734.
Key to Pronunciation-Cape,
Diaz (de' iiz), Porfirio (1830-1915), pres. of
Mexico ; led successful rev. in 1871
and became pres. in 1877 ; in 1911
resigned in consequence of revolt by
Madero; 2391.
Dib' din, Charles (1745-1814). Eng. poet,
dramatist, and musical composer : wrote
upwards of fifty plays and many popular
sea-songs, the best known of the latter
being " Tom Bowling " and " Poor
Jack."
Dickens, Charles (1812-70), Eng. novelist.
1109-12, 2650-1, 1315; " The Story of
Tiny Tim," 861-2; ":Mr. Pickwick and
the Pickwick People," 1110-2.
Dick' see, Francis (b. 1853). Eng. artist,
usually called Frank Dicksee ; his works
aro very highly regarded, especially his
" Ha.r mony , and " The Funeral of a
Viking."
Dicotyledons (di-k ot-i -le' dons), plants with
two-lobed seeds, 1441, 3245, 2904;
include most trees, 3590.
Dic' taphone, kind of phonograph used in
business houses for dictating letters, etc.,
on to a wax record, the latter being
transcribed to the typist by another
machine, 1670.
.
Dicta' tor, in anc. Rome, 3113; Cincinnatus, 865; Julius Cresar, 650.
Dic'tionary, Dr. Johnson's, 2067-8; Noah
Webster's, 3736.
Dictys (d1k'tis), in Gk. myth., 2817.
Diderot (de-dro'), Denis (1713-84·), brilliant,
witty, versatile, and prolific " Encyclopredist,"· 1508, 1510.
Di' do or Elis'sa, legendary Carthaginian
queen, founder of Carthage, 733; and
lEneas, 27.
Die, a metal stamp or mould, 3557 ; in
coin-making, 907 ; in medal-making,
pictu.'l'e, 1066.
Diedrichs (de'driKs), Otto von (1843-1918).
Ger. admiral, remembered for attempt
(frustrated by firmness of Dewey and
a Brit. admiral) to ignore Dewey's
blockade of 1\fanila (1898).
Dieppe (de-ep'), spt. and summer resort of
N. France on Eng. Channel, 105 m. N.W.
of Paris ; pop. 24,000; destroyed by
Eng. and Dutch in 1694; occupied hy
Germans in 1370-71 ; 2614.
Diesel (de'zel) engine, type propelled by
unvaporized oil ; used in submarines,
3424-6.
JJINGO
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Diet, a formal assembly or meeting ;
name often applied to legislative assemblies of Cent. and N. E uropea.n countries ;
also the formal meetings of councillors of
Holy -Rom. Eml)ire ; of Frankfort,
1592; of Spires, 3050; of Worms,
. 2264.
Diet, Dietetics. See in Index Food ;
Food values.
Dietrich (de'tr'iK) of Bern (Verona). Name
under which Theodoric the Great appears
in the NibelungenJied and other Ger.
h eroic legends.
Differen'tial gear, of motor-car. 2492.
Diflrac'tion grating, of spectroscope, 3365.
Diffusion, the mixing of two liquids or
two gases when brought into contact ;
of gases, 1538. See also in lnde~v
Osmosis.
Digby (d'l.g'bt1), Sir Kenelm (1603-65).
Eng. writer, scientist and privateer,
at,
far, fast,
sw~t,
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who defeated the French and Venetians
near Alexandretta on one of his expeditions; was put in prison for engaging in royalist intrigues, and was
twice banished.
"Digest " of Justinian, 2076.
Digestion, 1112-5, pictures, 2878; action
of enzymes, 1613; fnnction of liver,
2206; of stomach, 3416; pepsin, 2810;
studied with X -rays, 3826.
Digger wasp, 3725.
Digitigrade (di g'i -ti-grdd) animals, or " toe
. walkers,, 1471 ; evolution seen in
horse, 1875.
Dijon (de-zltOn'). Fortified tn. in E.
Ji'rance ; former cap. of Burgundy ;
pop. 78,000 ; fine churches ; univ. ;
various mfrs.; mustard, wine; occupied by Germans in 1870.
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Di'ka-nut, seed of the wild mango, 2656.
Dikes or dykes, earth embankments usually
used to protect low lands from inundations of streams or of the sea ; in
Belgium, 405, 1150; Guiana, 1739;
Holland, 1996, 2569, 1342-3, pictures,
1341, 2572; in Nova Scotia, 2648.
Dill, a plant of the parsley family, used
in infantile flatulence and also as a
flavouring.
Dil'lon, John (b. 1851). Irish politician,
succeeded John Redmond as leader of
the Irish in the House of Commons in
1918 ; some of his early speeches led
to his imprisonment.
Dimity. A ftne cotton fabric with a reversible stripe or bar which is raised on
one side where it is depressed on the
ot.her; name originally applied to a
h eavy fabric of tho same type made in
Sp. for bed hangings.
Dimorphotheca amantiaca, picture, 1163.
Dinant (de-ntin'). Tn. in Belgium on
Meuse R. 48 ru. s.F.. of Brussels ;
pop. 8,000; once noted for copper
ware ; sacked by Burgundians in 1466,
by French, 1554, 1675 ; captured and
burned by Germans, Aug. 23, 1914.
Dinar'ic Alps, mountains in w. Jugo-Slavia ;
highest point Dinara (6,008 ft.) ; 1340,
ma.p, 325.
D'Indy (dan-de'), Vincent (b. 1851).
Fr. musical composer; pupil and follower of Cesar Franck ; noted for rich
~nd subtle instrumentation (" La. Foret
Enchantee "; "Symphonie sur un air
montagnard fran<;ais '').
Dingle Bay, inlet of eo. Kerry, Irish Free
State ; Din~le, a spt. and fisheries
centre, lies on the north sidP-.
Din'go, Australian wild dog, 297.
·D ingwall, Scot., eo. tn. of Ross and
!Jromarty, on Cromarty Firth ; trade
1n cattle and wool; pop. 2,323; 3133.
Dinosaurs (d·i 'no-sg,z), extinct reptiles,
1116, 3061, 2973, picture.!f, 3063-5;
digging out fossil, pictu,re, 2973; skull,
picture, 2973.
Dinteville, J ehan de, Lord of Polisy, pictu,re,
1868.
Di' ocese, a bishop's district ; the name
was first used in this sense at the
beginning of the 4th cent.
Diocletian (di-o-klc'shlin) (A.D. 245-313),
Rom. emperor (284-305), able soldiP-r,
and energetic ruler, under whom a
memorable persecution of Christians
took place, 858-9 ; division of empire,
3118; palace at Spalato, 303.
Diodo'rus Sic'ulus (d. about 20 B. C.),
Gk. historian, 1729.
Dimcious (di-e' shiis) plants, 1440.
Diogenes (di' ofi'e-nez) (412-323 B.o.),
Gk. cynic philosopher, 1117.
Diomedes (di-o-me'dP.z), one of Gk. heroes
of Trojan War, 161, 272, 3595.
Diomedes, in Gk. myth., king of Thrace;
slain by Hercules, 1835.
Dionys' ius the Elder ( 432?-367 B.O.),
tyrant of Syracuse ; type of cruel
despot.; pardons Dam on and Pythias,
1048 ; and Plato, 2905; " sword of
Damocles," 1048.
Diony' sus, in Gk. myth., god of vine and
growing J)rinciple of Nature ; Rom.
Bacchus; 1117; Gk. festivals, 1134- 5;
theatre· of, 3524, 27 4; statue of Hermes
and infant Dionysus, picture, 3222. ·
Diophan' tus, Gk. mathematician of 3rd or
4th cent. A.D., "father of algebra," 101.
fg,ll; me, yet, fern, th€re ; ice, bit; row, n ot, f6r, won, dg; cure, b1lt,
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