ZIAUDDIN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

Transcription

FACULTY
ISSUED BY: REGISTRARS OFFICE, NOVEMBER 2015
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6
FIRST YEAR
SEMESTER 1 |NOVEMBER 2015 - APRIL 2016|
2015-16/01/D.A.M
Ziauddin University
MBBS 1st Year 2015– 2016 Semester 1
CONTENTS
S. No.
Page
1.
Introduction
1
2.
Learning Methods
3
3.
Examination Rules
7
4.
Test Administration Rules & Regulations
10
5.
Whom to Contact
14
6.
Management
15
7.
Competencies of a ZU graduate
16
8.
Patient Safety
16
9.
Course Objectives & Strategies
Module – 1
Introduction to Medical Sciences
17
Use of Learning Resource Center
17
Study Skills
18
Human Body & Anatomical Terms
20
General Embryology
21
Community Health & Development
23
General Biochemistry
24
General Pharmacology
26
General Pathology
28
Module – 2
Cell Biology and Genetics
31
Module – 3
Basic Biostatistics
39
Module – 4
Cardiovascular Systems
41
Learning Resources
49
10. Student Code of Conduct
52
11. Schedule
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INTRODUCTION
Why Study Guide?
To inform students how student-learning programme has been
organized semester wise, and how it would be implemented.
To help students organize and manage their studies throughout the
year.
What is a Study Guide Book ?
(Figure selected from AMEE Medical Education Guide #16)
The Guide provides:
Information on organization and management of the semester. This will
help you to contact the right individual in case you have any difficulty.
A description of the module objectives which you will be expected to
achieve at the end of each module.
Information on learning methods that you will experience during the
module. The methods include: Problem-Based Learning (PBL), tutorials
(SG), lectures, skills/ practicals and field visits. These learning methods
should help you achieve the module objectives.
A description of the learning resources available for the Semesters.
These include: books, Computer Assisted Learning Programmes, videos
and others.
Information on the contribution of continuous and semester
examinations, on your overall performance.
Information on the methods of assessment that will be held to
determine your achievement of objectives.
Information on examination policy, rules and regulations.
The Curriculum:
It is integrated comprising of system based modules
Curriculum organization:
Consists of following for each module and generic courses
Course No
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Duration of Semester and Modules
Objectives of each module
Learning Strategies
Number of Hours
Test Schedule / CAT & Semester.
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LEARNING METHODS
The following teaching / learning methods/strategies are used to promote
better understanding:
Problem Based Learning (PBL)
Tutorials
-Field Visits
-Lectures
Hospital Visits
-Seminars
Practicals
-Assignments
Computer Assisted Learning Program (CALP)
Case- Based Sessions (CBS)
Small Group Sessions (SGS)
The programme emphasis is on:
Problem-Based Learning:
This is a small group activity in which the discussion revolves around a
real life problem using the Seven Jump process.
Students are
expected to consult various learning resources to develop better
understanding of the subject.
Self-Directed Study:
Students may achieve the Objectives by assuming responsibilities of
their own learning. How? By sharing and discussing with peers, working
individually, seeking information from Learning Resource Center,
teachers and resource persons within and outside the college. This is
possible by utilizing scheduled self -study period in college, and time
outside the college.
Community-Based Learning Activities:
This takes place within a community including homes of individuals,
families, and a variety of health service settings.
Family assignment is an integral component of this activity. The
Department of Family Medicine monitors students’ activity, and
provide constructive feedback.
PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING (PBL): WHAT IS IT?
• It is a method of learning in which learners (students) in small groups first
encounter a problem, which are close to real life situations. The
problem is generally discussed in two sessions.
• First Session: Learners in small groups, using existing knowledge, discuss
(in the presence of a tutor) and list what they do not know or are not
sure of, about the problem. The list is known as learning issues (goals).
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•
Self Study: Learners have approximately three days time to report.
During this time, learners search for new information required to
achieve the learning goals listed.
In this process, learners are
encouraged to consult various learning resources in addition to the
textbooks. This does not require a tutor.
•
Second Session: Learners discuss learning issues and application of
acquired knowledge to the problem and summarize by integrating
prior and new knowledge in understanding the problem.
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EXAMPLE OF PBL SCENARIO:
A 1½ year old male was brought to the OPD by his father with complaints of a
swelling in the right groin since birth.
Birth History:
He was born at 34 weeks’ gestation. His birth weight was 2 kg.
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:
BP:
100/60mmHg
Pulse:
86/min
Temp:
98oF
R/R:
15/min
Local Examination:
Left testis is palpable in the scrotum.
Right testis could not be palpated in the scrotum.
A 1x1 inch oval, firm, non-tender mass was present in the right inguinal region.
Lab:
Serum testosterone level: 110 ng/dl
Ultrasound:
Showed an ovoid homogenous medium-level echogenicity within the right
inguinal canal.
The parent was counseled about the prevalence of the condition.
Orchidopexy was advised.
Task: Discuss the embryological basis of the development of signs and
symptoms in the above case
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PBL PROCESS
The
JUMP 1
Read the Problem:
Clarify terms not known
to you in the problem description
Seven
JUMP 2
Define the problem.
Draw up a list of
phenomena that need to be explained
Jumps
JUMP 3
Explain the problem
Try to produce as many different explanations for the
phenomena as you can think of
JUMP 4
Arrange the explanations
Proposed in a logical sequence
and summarize them
JUMP 5
Formulate learning goals:
make a list of what you need to
study in order to solve the problem
JUMP 6
Through individual study,
Attempt to fill the gaps in
your knowledge
JUMP 7
Summarize the
Information collected
and verify it by
applying it to the
problem
Evaluation
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EXAMINATION RULES
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
In one academic year there will be two semesters each followed by
an examination.
At the end of the academic year there will be resit examinations for
1st and 2nd semester courses.
A student passing in 1st semester will be allowed to go to 2nd
semester.
Those failing in courses of 1st semester will also be allowed to join 2nd
semester classes but will appear in the resit exam for the required
courses held at the end of the academic year.
Students failing in the 2nd semester will also appear in the resit exam
at the end of the year.
Students failing to achieve required aggregate after the resit of 1st
or 2nd semester courses / subjects will repeat the year.
There will be external examiners in all semester examinations and
resits.
2. ASSESSMENT: MOST FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
(i) CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT
Q. Are tests scheduled throughout both semesters? YES
Q. What contribute to continuous assessment in Semesters I and II?
• Scheduled test/s for every module during the semester
• PBL, assignments, presentations (may not necessarily be
all)
Q. In tests and semester examinations, what methods are used to assess
knowledge and skills?
• MCQs: One best/ true false.
• Structured cased based viva voice
• Practicals
and
Objective
Structured
Practical
Examinations (OSPE)
Q. What is the passing mark or score for tests and semester examinations?
• Fifty-five percent (55%).
Q. What is the grading system?
• Satisfactory (S)
60% and above
• Satisfactory Borderline (S*)
55 to 59%
• Unsatisfactory Borderline (US*)
50-54%
• Unsatisfactory (US)
Below 50%
•
Q. Are the students notified of the marks in tests and semester
examinations and receive feedback of their progress?
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Marks are not notified but Results are notified in semesters of S, S*,
US, or US*
• Students receive feedback on written tests of MCQs.
Q. How is the result compiled of Semesters One and Two?
• According to duration, and importance, every module may
have one to three tests which carry a defined weightage. Test
marks are totaled according to the weightage.
The following EXAMPLE may help you understand how Continuous
Assessment result is compiled.
•
•
Weightage for Continuous Assessment (Sample)
Test
PBL
Total
75%
25%
100%
Note:
Quizzes etc may be scheduled by individual module
Coordinator, which may not contribute towards your aggregate score.
Q. Is there a final or annual examination? No
• There are two semester examinations for 1st year MBBS –
Semester I & II.
Q. Are all enrolled students eligible to take the Semester examination?
• No Eligibility is determined as follows:
Attendance
Cont.
Assess.
Decision
1
≥ 80%
≥ 45%
Eligible for Semester
2
75-80%
≥55%
Eligible for Semester
3
60 – 75%
≥35%
Eligible for Re-sit
4
<60%
Any score
Repeats the year*
5
Any value
<35%
Repeats the year*
*Note:
To decide about repeating the year
cumulative scores for two semesters is
considered(Attendance and
Continuous Assessment)
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Q. Does continuous assessment has any credit or contributes towards the
Semester Examination?
• Yes (20%).
Q. Who is declared Satisfactory?
• Student is declared Pass if,
o He/she scores an aggregate of 55% cumulative in each
semester.
AND
o Scores a minimum of 50% in each subject.
Note: If student score an aggregate of 55% in the two semesters, but in any
individual subject scores <50%, then cumulative score of that subject in
both semesters will be considered to declare him satisfactory.
Q. What happens if a student is unable to sit for the Semester Examination?
•
He/she is allowed to take the resit examination which will be
considered as second chance.
Q .What happens if a student is unable to sit for the Resit Examination?
•
The student will be allowed to repeat the year provided he/she
has cleared at least one semester for that year. If the student has
not cleared both the semester and the resits he/she will be asked
to withdraw.
WITHDRAWAL FROM THE PROGRAM
A student of first and second year, will have to withdraw from the program
if he/she fails to pass both semester examinations of any year, within 2
years (4 attempts)
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TEST ADMINISTRATION RULES and REGULATIONS
GENERAL RULES:
All tests /examinations are monitored by the Department of
Examination with the support of the College Dean/Principal, faculty
and staff.
To ensure that the examinations are held according to the standard
conditions and that no examinee or group of examinees receives
unfair advantage in the examination, Students (examinees) must
strictly adhere to / abide by the rules and regulations of the University.
IRREGULAR BEHAVIOR
Specific examples of irregular behavior include, but are not necessarily
limited to the following:
1. Copying answers from another examinee or allowing answers to be
copied.
2. Making notes of any kind during an examination.
3. Failure to follow instructions of the staff present in the examination
hall.
4. Acts of disruptive behavior such as raising ones voice, talking to
others, interrupting the examination process upon entering the
examination hall, or during an examination and other similar acts of
behavior.
5. During an examination usage of any unauthorized material such as
photographic equipment, communication or recording devices,
including electronic paging devices and cellular telephones.
6. Altering or misrepresenting examination result, theft or unauthorized
possession of examination materials.
7. Memorizing and reproducing examination materials and any
unauthorized reproduction by any means and / or dissemination of
examination materials.
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8. Looking in the direction of another examinee, passing of written
notes, leaving written notes on vacant seats/ desks not occupied by
examinees during the examination may be considered as evidence
of copying or attempting to copy and a report of such behavior
may result in irregular behavior.
9. Sitting for an examination without being eligible for it, impersonating
an examinee or engaging a proxy to take the examination.
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TEST ADMINISTRATION RULES AND REGULATIONS
Advice for Students: What to do?
Students should arrive at the examination hall before scheduled time.
Students arriving within 10 minutes after scheduled test time may be
admitted only by the approval of head examiner or official of the
Department of Examination. Incase a student arrives late, that is, after
scheduled time, he / she is not to be admitted.
2. Students should present College Identity Card, and Admit Card for
Annual / Resit Examinations. If student/s do not bring the required
Identification Card, he / she may not be admitted to the examination.
1.
Advice for Students: What NOT to do?
1.
Do not bring into the examination hall any personal belongings,
including mechanical or electrical devices, backpacks, handbags,
books, notes or study guide materials, calculators, digital watches,
watches with computer communication and/ or memory
capability, electronic paging devices, recording or filming devices,
radios, cellular telephones, food and drinks. Only for specified
subject/s special instruction will be given on use of calculator for
examination.
Do not make written notes or record in anyway the contents of an
examination.
3. Any notes found will be confiscated and reported for disciplinary
action.
2.
Do not communicate with, seek aid from, or provide aid to any
other examinee during the examination.
5. Once you (students) start taking an examination, you cannot
cancel that examination.
4.
6.
If the test is completed in less than the time allotted then do not
leave without seeking permission from the staff present in the
examination hall.
No extra time will be allowed if he /she leave the examination hall for
any reason.
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WARNING
STUDENTS (EXAMINEES) OBSERVED IN ACT/S THAT IS/ARE
POSSIBLE VIOLATION OF TEST ADMINISTRATION RULES OR
OTHER FORMS OF IRREGULAR BEHAVIOR DURING AN
EXAMINATION WILL BE REPORTED TO THE DISCIPLINARY
COMMITTEE FOR ACTION.
ALL STUDENTS FOUND INVOLVED IN INDISCIPLINARY
ACTION IN THE UNIVERSITY PREMISES (INCLUDING
SMOKING) WILL BE SUBJECTED TO DISCIPLINARY
ACTION WHICH MAY BE IN FORM OF DEDUCTION IN
ATTENDANCE FIVE CONSECUTIVE ACADEMIC SESSIONS.
DRESS CODE:
o WEARING WHITE COAT IS MANDATORY IN ALL
CLINICAL AND LAB SESSIONS.
o DRESS SHOULD BE DECENT AND FORMAL FOR
BOTH BOYS & GIRLS.
o SLIPPERS ARE NOT ALLOWED.
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WHOM TO CONTACT?
Any queries or difficulties with the schedule, learning strategy should be
directed:
In the first instance to the individual, teacher or module coordinator and then
to Semester In-charge.
Contacts:
Semester Incharge
Dr. Arsalan Manzoor Mughal
Dean Ziauddin Medical College
Dr. Kamran Hameed.
Associate Dean Ziauddin Medical College
Dr.Zahida Memon
Controller of Examinations
Mr. Nadeem Zaffar
Registrar:
Mr. Mohammad Yousuf
Head of Department for Educational Development
Dr. Irum Khursheed
ZU Literary and Cultural Society
Dr. Raza Abbas
Head of Quality Enhancement Cell
Dr. Arshia Sami
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MANAGEMENT/ ORGANIZATION
Semester Incharge:
Dr. Arsalan Manzoor Mughal
Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy
Course Name
Study Skills
Introduction to Medical Sciences
Cell Biology and Genetics
Genetics
Cardiovascular System
Coordinator
Dr. Momal Khan
Dr. Iffat Raza
Dr. Noman Majeed
Dr. Shamim Mushtaq
Dr. Mehwish Zafar
Other Team Members
Dr Shazia Hashmat
Dr Fauzia Perveen
Dr Lubna Jahnzaib
Dr Ali Nawaz
Dr Bilal Aheed
Dr Rakhi
Dr Sabeen Yezdani
Dr Jabbar Ahmed
Resource Persons:
Basic Health Sciences:
Anatomy
Dr. Nuzhat Hassan
Dr. Bushra Waseem
Dr. Kevin Borges
Dr. Arsalan Manzoor
Biochemistry
Dr. Saeeda Baig
Dr Zil-e-Rubab
Dr. Shamim
Dr. Bilal Aheed
Pathology
Pharmacology
Prof. Serajuddaula Syed
Prof. Qamar Jamal
Dr. Fouzia Sheikh
Dr. Naila Hadi
Dr. Faraz Baig
Dr. Najia
Prof. Zahida Memon
Dr. Samia Pervaiz
Dr. Owais Ismail
Dr. Shehla Shaheen
Family Medicine:
Dr. Jawed Usman
Dr Bina Fawad
Dr Aamir
Ms Humera Ansari
Dr Shabana
Physiology
Dr. Syed Touseef Ahmed
Dr. Sadaf Fatima
Dr. Sofia Amjad
Community Health
Sciences:
Dr. Farah Ahmad
Dr. Hassan Danish
Educational Development
Dr Irum Khursheed
Dr Raheela Ali
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COMPETENCIES OF A ZU GRADUATE
At Ziauddin University we expect to develop in you the following
competencies,
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
Provide safe patient care holistically
Integrate basic science concepts to clinical situations
Communicate effectively
Collaborate with other team members
Contribute as researcher
Practice evidence based medicine
Role model professionalism
PATIENT SAFETY
To enhance the status of ‘Patient Safety’ and prepare students to
practice safe health care; a longitudinal theme of Patient Safety has
been integrated in the curriculum. WHO Patient safety guide
recommends the given 11 topics which will be used to cover a broad
range of context in which Patient Safety will be learned throughout the
program from first to final year.
Topics:
1. What is patient safety?
2. What is a human factor and why is it important to patient
safety?
3. Understanding systems and the impact of complexity on patient
care
4. Being an effective team player.
5. Understanding and learning from errors.
6. Understanding and managing clinical risk.
7. Introduction to quality improvement methods.
8. Engaging with patients and caregivers.
9. Minimizing infection through improved infection control.
10. Patient safety and invasive procedures.
11. Improving medication safety.
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COURSE NO.: 101
COURSE NAME: USE OF LEARNING RESOURCE CENTER
A course designed for students to introduce them towards the use of
library/computer independently and effectively as well as use of computer
assisted learning programme.
Objectives:
By the end of the course, the student shall be able to:
1. Use various Data resources and methods of Literature management
and searching.
2. Use ZU’s Learning Resource Centre (LRC).
3. Understand the Learning Resource Center’s rules and regulations.
Teaching / Learning Strategies
S. No
STRATEGY
HRS.
1
Orientation
1
Visit to Library
2
Total
3
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COURSE NO.:
COURSE NAME:
105
STUDY SKILLS
This course orients students to the ZU programme with the objective of
developing skills to cope with study pressures as well as to function effectively
in small group sessions such as problem-based learning. In addition, students
will have opportunities to become familiar with the methods of assessment
and feedback.
Objectives:
1. Develop rapport with peers and faculty to promote student friendly
learning environment.
2. Manage learning effectively by utilizing study guidebook with
reference to ZU programs and policies, and rules for promotion
3. Identify the key elements of group dynamics essential for learning, in
small group sessions.
4. Participate in the ‘Seven Jumps’, the process of Problem Based
Learning relevant to the underlying principles of adult learning.
5. Discuss the study pressures and Identify ways of coping with those
pressures.
6. Identify ways of effective time management, in order to develop
learning skills desirable for medical students.
7. Identify the key elements and importance of communication.
8. Provide feedback or comments on the overall program for quality
improvement.
9. Identify the effective ways of taking assistance from student
counselors.
10. Discuss how to resolve conflict and manage anger in real life situations.
COURSE NO:
105
COURSE NAME:
STUDY SKILLS
S No TOPICS
1
“Ice-breaking” session
2
Study guidebook task
3
4
5
6
6
7
8
9
STRATEGY
SGS
SGS
ZU policies and programmes
Assessment of students,
Competence at ZU
a- How do we learn?
b- Group dynamics
Process of PBL
Stress management
Time management
Students Counseling
Communication skills
18
HRS.
2
2
SGS
Interactive session
2
SGS
3
PBL + introductory lecture
Interactive session
Interactive session
Interactive session
Interactive session
6
2
2
2
2
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10
11
Importance of feedback
Anger Management
Interactive session
Interactive session
Total
1
2
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COURSE NO.: 107
COURSE NAME: INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN BODY AND ANATOMICAL TERMS.
This course enables students to know the organization and structure of
human body in general.
Objectives
By the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Describe the different disciplines of anatomy.
2. Discuss the various techniques to study anatomy in the living such as:
• Plain and contrast radiographs
• Special X-ray techniques like Barium meal and Angiography etc.
• Ultrasonography
• CT
• MRI
• Endoscopy
3. Describe the terms of position in relation to anatomical position:
i.
Anterior / Posterior
ii.
Ventral / Dorsal
iii.
Superior / Inferior
iv.
Caudal / Rostral
v.
Medial / Lateral
vi.
Proximal / Distal
vii.
Palmar / plantar
viii.
Superficial /Deep
4. Describe the different anatomical planes.
5. Describe the terms of movements at joints:
i. Flexion / Extension
ii. Abduction / Adduction
iii. Lateral rotation / Medial rotation
iv. Pronation / Supination
v. Plantar flexion / Dorsal flexion
vi. Circumduction
vii. Eversion / Inversion
6. Introduction to Skeletal system (Bones and Joints)
• List the parts of appendicular and axial skeleton.
• Enumerate the functions of bone.
• Classify bones on the basis of shape, development, region and
structure.
• Describe general concepts of development and ossification of
bones.
• List the parts of young bone.
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•
•
•
•
•
Explain the blood supply of long bones.
Classify joint on the basis of structure, regions and functions.
Discuss the characteristics of synovial joints
Classify synovial joints on the basis of structure and movement
Define dislocation, sprain and inflammation of joints.
7. Introduction to Muscular System:
• Classify muscles
• Define spasm, paralysis, atrophy and regeneration.
8. Define the following terms:
i) Ossification
ii) Ligament
iii) Aponeurosis
iv) Raphe
v) Fascia
vi) Tendon
vii) Synovial sheath viii) Bursa
9. Define the following:
i) Arteries
ii) Arterioles
iii) Capillaries
iv) Veins
v) Venules
vi) Anastomosis
vii) Lymphatics
10. Introduction to Nervous System:
• Discuss the general organization of nervous system
• Classify nervous system on the basis of structure and function
• Discuss the general organization of Autonomic Nervous System
11. Define reflex arc and list its components
COURSE NO:
COURSE NAME:
S. No
1.
2.
3.
4.
107
INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN BODY AND ANATOMICAL TERMS
Objectives
Anatomical position and terms
Bone, joint and muscle
Ossification, ligament, aponeurosis,
raphae, fascia, tendon,
synovial sheath and bursa
Artery, arteriole, capillary, vein, venule,
anastomosis and lymphatic
i)
Nervous System and its organization
ii)
Autonomic nervous system
iii)
Reflex arc and its components
Strategy
SGS
Lecture
SGS
Lecture
SGS
4
2
Total
20
Hours
2
6
2
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COURSE NO.: 204
COURSE NAME: GENERAL EMBRYOLOGY
This course provides a broad understanding of the development of human
embryo from conception till 8th week along with the development and
functions of placenta. It also includes multiple / twin pregnancies and
different types of developmental defects with their genetic and
environmental causes.
Objectives
123456789101112-
131415161718-
List male reproductive organs and their functions.
Describe the structure of testis and the process of spermatogenesis.
List female reproductive organs and their functions.
Describe the structure of ovary and uterus and the process of oogenesis
and ovulation.
Describe the phases of female reproductive cycles.
Describe the phases of fertilization.
Enumerate the results of fertilization.
Describe the steps involved during in vitro fertilization and embryo
transfer.
Describe cleavage and blastocyst formation.
Discuss the results of implantation at abnormal site.
Describe the events of the second week of development including:
i) Formation of amniotic cavity, amnion, bilaminar embryonic disc, yolk
sac, chorionic sac and primary chorionic villi.
Describe the following events of the third week of development.
i) Formation of primitive streak and notochord
ii) Gastrulation
iii) Formation of neural tube
iv) Formation of somites
v) Formation of intra embryonic coelom
vi) Formation of blood cells and blood vessels
vii) Formation of secondary and tertiary chorionic villi
Describe folding of embryo and its results.
List the derivatives of germ layers and neural crest cells.
Describe the structure, development and functions of placenta and
fetal membranes.
List the important events of embryonic period from 4th week to 8th week.
Describe the types of twin / multiple pregnancies.
i) Define teratogenesis.
ii) Classify the teratogens.
iii) Describe the basic principles of teratogenesis.
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20- Calculate the expected date of delivery (EDD).
21- Describe various methods used to assess fetal wellbeing.
22- Identify the placenta, fetal membranes, umbilical cord, germ layers,
stages of fertilization on a given model, photograph or specimen.
S. No.
Topics + Objective Nos.
Strategy
Hours
1.
Cell division (Mitosis + Meiosis)
Lecture
1
2.
Male reproductive system and
spermatogenesis
Lecture
2
Lecture
2
3.
Female reproductive system,
oogenesis and ovulation
Female reproductive cycles
Lecture
1
4.
Fertilization
Lecture
CBS
1
2
5.
Cleavage, blastocyst formation
Lecture
1
6.
Implantation
PBL
4
7.
Second week of development
Lecture
1
8.
Third week of development
Lecture /SGS
2 /2
9.
Folding of embryo
Derivatives of germ layers
Lecture
2
10.
Placenta
Lecture
1
11.
Embryonic period
Lecture
1
12.
Multiple pregnancies
PBL
4
13.
Teratogenesis
PBL
4
14.
Calculate EDD
Fetal well being
Interactive
Session
2
15.
Identify structures on models and
specimen
Demonstration
on Models
6
16.
Embryological events from 1 to 8 week
Animated
videos
2
Total 36
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COURSE NO: 300
COURSE NAME: COMMUNITY, HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT
The major burden of disease in developing countries is attributable to
conditions that are preventable. This introductory course covers the basic
concepts of community, health and development. The course demonstrates
the relationship between development and health and the factors affecting
community health.
Objectives:
1. Describe the importance of community participation in health and
development
2. Facilitate patients’ self-care by enhancing their awareness level
through community participation
3. Describe the interrelationship of health and development
4. Discuss the major physical, social, and biological risk factors of health and
disease
5. Describe the interrelationship of factors in natural history of disease
including levels of prevention
6. Discuss concept of disease prevention
7. Explain the interrelationship of modern era life style with health
8. Describe the role of Ziauddin University in Community Oriented Medical
Education (COME)
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Ziauddin University
Course No: 300
Course Name: Community, Health and Development
Teaching / Learning strategies
Obj. No.
Topic
2
Interrelationship of health and
development
3
Risk factors of health and diseases
4&5
1
6
Natural history of disease, level of
prevention
Concept of disease prevention and
patient safety.
Community participation in health and
development
Community Oriented Medical Education
Strategy
Hours
Lecture
1
Lecture
1
Small Group Session
3
Lecture
1
Field visit and session
with community
representatives
Assignment on field
visit
Lecture
Total
COURSE NO.: 103
COURSE NAME: GENERAL BIOCHEMISTRY
OBJECTIVES:
1. Describe pH, buffer, viscosity, surface tension, colloids and Donnan’s
equilibrium.
2. Discuss the mechanism of dissociation of water.
3. Describe the classification and biomedical importance of carbohydrates
with reference to
i. Simple carbohydrates
ii. Complex carbohydrates
4. Explain the structure of carbohydrates with regards to the following:
i. Isomers and epimers (D and L sugars)
ii. Enantiomers
iii. Monosaccharides (Cyclic structure)
iv. Glycosides
5. Describe the reactions of carbohydrates with regards to the following:
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5
1
1
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Ziauddin University
i. Oxidation and reduction reactions
ii. Esterification
6. Explain the structure of amino acids with different types of side chain
(non-polar, polar, acidic, basic, aromatic, aliphatic)
7. Describe with examples the following classes of amino acids, their
properties and their biomedical importance.
i. Glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids.
ii. Non-protein amino acids.
iii. Essential and non-essential amino acids.
8. Describe the primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures of
proteins.
9. Classify the proteins and describe their biomedical importance.
10. Describe coagulation, denaturation and renaturation of proteins.
11. Describe with example the following classes of lipids, their properties and
their biomedical importance.
i. Simple lipids
ii. Compound lipids
iii. Derived lipids
12. Describe the nomenclature of fatty acids:
i. Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids
ii. Essential and non-essential fatty acids
13. Explain physical and chemical properties of fatty acids.
14. Describe eicosanoids and their relation to health and diseases.
15. Describe the nomenclature and classification of enzymes.
16. Describe enzymes with reference to:
• Active sites
• Specificity
• Catalytic
• Cofactor
efficiency
• Coenzyme
• Holoenzyme
• Apoenzyme
• Prosthetic group
• Zymogens
• Location
17. Explain the mechanism of enzyme action from reactants to products.
18. Discuss the effect of various factors on enzymatic activity including
• Substrate
• Temperature
concentration
• pH
• Enzyme concentration
19. Discuss the effect of inhibitors on enzymatic activity which include:
• Competitive inhibition
• Noncompetitive inhibition
• Uncompetitive inhibition
20. Explain the regulation of enzymatic activity
21. Identify different lab hazards and their solutions
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Ziauddin University
22. Analyze the presence of proteins in given solutions.
23. Separate various metabolites by paper chromatography.
24. Identify different parts of HPLC and their mechanism of action.
25. Analyze the Qualitative analysis of carbohydrate.
S. No.
1.
Topics
Strategy
Hrs.
Physical chemistry
Lecture
2
Dissociation of water
2.
Carbohydrates
Lecture
3
3.
Amino Acids
Lecture
3
4.
Protein
Lecture
3
5.
Lipids
Lecture
3
6.
Enzymes
Lecture
3
7.
Lab hazards
Practicals
18
Qualitative analysis of proteins
Chromatography
HPLC
Qualitative analysis of Carbohydrate
Total
COURSE NO.: 222
COURSE NAME: PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOLOGY
Objective:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Describe various drug dosage forms and pharmacological doses.
Describe various routes of drug administration and their
advantages/ disadvantages.
Describe the factors modifying drug absorption.
Describe the major mechanisms responsible for drug
metabolism(Biotransformation).
Explain the factors modifying drug metabolism.
Describe the basic principles of drug elimination.
Describe the factors modifying drug elimination.
26
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Ziauddin University
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Describe the principles of various pharmacokinetics parameters.
Explain various mechanisms by which drugs exert their effects.
Describe the different types of pharmacological graphs.
a. Identify the therapeutic index and therapeutic window on a
given dose response curve.
b. Identify the competitive and noncompetitive antagonists on a
given dose response curve.
Describe the various types of adverse drug reactions.
Describe the principles of drug prescription in pregnant, pediatric
and geriatric patients.
Teaching / Learning Strategies:
S.No
Objectives
1
Introduction to general pharmacology
2
Routes of drug administration and dosage form
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Absorption of drug I
Absorption of drug II
Drug metabolism I
Drug metabolism II
Principles of drug excretion
The principles of pharmacokinetics measures
Mechanism of action of drugs I
Mechanism of action of drugs II
Adverse drug reactions
Pharmacology in geriatric, pediatric and
pregnant patients
Plot dose response curve ( graded and quantal)
Competitive & non competitive antagonism
27
Strategy
lecture
Lecture /
Practical
lecture
lecture
lecture
lecture
lecture
lecture
lecture
lecture
lecture
lecture
Practical
Practical
Total
Hours
1
1+3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
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Ziauddin University
COURSE:224
COURSE NAME: INTRODUCTION TO THE PRINCIPLES OF PATHOLOGY
Objectives:
Cellular Adaptation & Cell Injury:
1. Describe briefly different terms used in Pathology.
2. Enlist cellular adaptations
3. Describe briefly cellular responses to stress and injurious stimuli.
Inflammation and Tissue Repair:
1. Describe briefly different terms used in inflammation and tissue repair.
2. Enumerate the cells involved in inflammation and their functions.
3. Describe briefly the sequence of events in acute inflammation.
4. Differentiate between acute and chronic inflammation.
5. Compare labile, stable and permanent cells in terms of their capacity
for regeneration.
6. Differentiate between regeneration and repair.
Hemodynamic Disorders:
1. Describe briefly following terms:
• Edema
• Congestion & hyperemia
• Hemorrhage
• Thrombosis
• Embolism & infarction
• Shock
Neoplasia:
1. Define dysplasia, anaplasia, neoplasia, tumor, cancer / carcinoma,
hamartoma, choristoma, teratoma.
2. Enlist the characteristics of benign & malignant tumors.
3. Outline the classification & nomenclature of benign & malignant
neoplasms.
4. List pathways of tumor spread.
5. Compare grading & staging of neoplasms.
6. List common signs & symptoms of malignancy.
Immunology:
1. Define immunity, antigen, antibody, MHC class I & II proteins,
autoimmunity, immunodeficiency, hypersensitivity.
2. Discuss briefly types of immune response with examples.
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Ziauddin University
3. Enlist common autoimmune, hypersensitivity & immunodeficiency
disorders.
Infectious Diseases:
1. Define pathogen, virulence factors, infection, incubation period,
opportunistic infections, nosocomial infections, ID-50, LD-50.
2. Discuss briefly mechanisms of:
• Bacterial-induced tissue injury
• Viral - induced tissue injury
• Fungal - induced tissue injury
• Parasite - induced tissue injury
3. Enlist & comment on common microbial infections present globally
and locally:
• Malaria
• Dengue fever
• Poliomyelitis
• Hepatitis A, B & C
• AIDS
• Worm infestations (Ascaris & Enterobius)
• Typhoid/diarrhea
• Tuberculosis
• Influenza
• Ebola virus infection
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Ziauddin University
Learning Strategies
Course Name: Introduction to Pathology
S.
Topics
no
Strategy
Hrs
1.
Introduction to Pathology & Cell Injury
lecture
1
2.
Cellular response to injury
lecture
1
lecture
1
Inflammation & repair – terms used
3.
Types of inflammatory cells
sequence of events in inflammation
4.
Edema, congestion, hyperemia,
hemorrhage
lecture
1
5.
Thrombosis, embolism & infarction,
shock
lecture
1
lecture
1
lecture
1
Define terms used in neoplasia
6.
Characteristics & nomenclature of
tumors
Tumor spread
7.
Grading & staging
Common signs & symptoms of
malignancy
8.
Define terms used in immunology
lecture
1
9.
Types of immune responses with
examples
lecture
1
lecture
1
10.
Define terms used in infectious diseases
Common infection in Pakistan
11.
Mechanisms of bacterial & viral
infections with examples
lecture
1
12.
Mechanisms of fungal & parasitic
infections with examples
lecture
1
Total
30
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Ziauddin University
COURSE NO. 202
COURSE NAME: CELL BIOLOGY
This course covers cell structure, ultra-structure, and its functions including
ionic and electrical potential gradients, transport across the cell membrane,
excitability and action potentials, neuromuscular transmission, muscle
energetic and contractility, metabolic interrelationships and multiplication as
they occur in the individual. It also covers the responses of cells to injury.
Objectives
1. Explain the organization of cells to tissue, tissues to organ and organs to
system.
2. Describe the structural organization of cell membrane and discuss the
function of its components.
3. Explain the cell membrane function with reference to
i) Resting membrane potential
ii) Action potential
4. Describe the modes of transport across cell membrane.
i.
Passive Transport
ii.
Active Transport
iii.
Facilitated diffusion
iv.
Osmosis
v.
Endocytosis
vi.
Phagocytosis
vii.
Pinocytosis
viii.
Receptor mediated endocytosis
ix.
Exocytosis
5. Describe the structure and functions of the following cytoplasmic
organelles:
i.
Golgi apparatus
ii.
Lysosomes
iii.
Peroxisomes
iv.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
v.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
vi.
Ribosomes
vii.
Cellular inclusions
viii.
Mitochondria
6. Describe the ultrastructure and function of the cytoskeleton
7. Describe the structure and functions of nucleus.
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Ziauddin University
8. Describe cell to cell adhesion.
9. Describe the structure, synthesis, degradation and functions of the
components of extra-cellular matrix with reference to the following:
i) Glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans
ii) Collagen
iii) Elastin
10. Describe the parts of microscope.
11. Discuss the basic tissues of the body and identify under microscope.
i. Epithelium
ii. Muscle tissue
iii. Connective tissue
iv. Neural tissue
12. Describe cell to cell communications.
13. Discuss the synthesis and degradation of purines, pyrimidines,
nucleotides and nucleic acids.
14. Discuss DNA replication, repair and proof reading in prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells.
15. Describe transcription and post transcriptional modifications.
16. Discuss synthesis of proteins.
17. Describe the regulation of cell cycle and cell division.
18. Describe the pathogenesis and clinical significance of the following
growth disorders and cellular adaptations to injury:
i. Atrophy,
ii. Hypertrophy,
iii. Hyperplasia
iv. Metaplasia
v. Dysplasia
19. Describe the agents of cell injury.
20. Discuss the response of cell to injury with particular reference to.
i.
Hypoxic injury.
ii.
Ischemic reperfusion injury.
iii.
Free radical injury.
iv.
Injuries through Microorganism
v.
Chemical injury
vi.
Radiation injury.
21. Describe causes mechanisms and significance of apoptosis.
22. Discuss the pathogenesis and types of necrosis.
23. Describe the etiology, pathogenesis and morphology of intracellular
accumulations (lipid, proteins, glycogen and pigments).
24. Describe the pathogenesis and clinical significance of pathologic
calcifications (dystrophic and metastatic calcification).
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Ziauddin University
25. Discuss Carcinogenesis and various environmental factors leading to it.
26. Discuss the differences between the benign and malignant tumors and
spread of tumor.
27. Classify various anti-cancer drugs.
28. Describe the mechanism of resistance to anti-cancer therapy.
29. Describe the mechanism of action, indications and side effects of :
a) Cell-cycle specific drugs
b) Cell-cycle non specific drugs
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Ziauddin University
Course Name: Cell Biology
S. #
Topic
Introduction to Cell Biology (organization of
cells, tissues and organ systems)
Strategy
Hrs.
Lecture
1
2.
Introduction to microscopy
Practical
2
3.
General histology
1.
1
a
Epithelium
Lecture
1+1
b
Muscle tissue
Lecture
1
c
Connective tissue proper
Lecture
1+1+1
d
Bone
Lecture
1
e
Cartilage
Lecture
1
f.
Neural tissue
Lecture
1
CBS
2
CBS
2
5.
Structure and functions of cell membrane
(RMP & AP)
Transport across the cell membrane
6.
Cell Organelles
Lecture
2
7.
Cytoskeleton
CBS
2
8.
Extracellular matrix
Lecture
2
9.
Cell to cell adhesion
Lecture
1
10. Intracellular signaling
Lecture (2)
1+1
11. Structure and function of nucleus
Lecture
1
12. Purine & pyrimidine metabolism
Lecture/PBL
2/4
13. DNA and RNA
Lecture
2
14. DNA replication
Lecture
1
15. DNA repair
Lecture
1
16. Transcription
Lecture
1
17. Translation
Lecture
1
18. Cell cycle and its regulation
Lecture
1
Lecture
1
4.
19. Cellular adaptation
20. Disorders of cell growth
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Ziauddin University
21. Causes of Cell injury
Lecture
1
23. Reversible and irreversible cell injury
PBL
4
24. Necrosis
PBL /
Lecture
4/1
25. Apoptosis
Lecture
1
26. Intracellular accumulation
Lecture
1
27. Metastatic calcification
Lecture
1
28. Benign and Malignant tumor
Lecture
2
29. Mechanism of tumors spread
Lecture
1
30. Physical, Chemical and viral carcinogen
Lecture
1
31. Carcinogenesis
PBL/ Lecture
4+2
Lecture
1
33. Anticancer Drugs
Classification and mechanism of resistance of
34.
Anticancer Agents
Cell cycle specific and non specific
35.
anticancer drugs
PBL
4
Lecture
2
Lectures
2
36. Histology practical
Practical
22. Mechanism of cell injury
32.
Carcinogenesis with reference to growth
regulating genes
a
Epithelium
2+2
b
Muscle tissue
2
c
Connective tissue proper
2+2
d
Bone
2
e
Cartilage
2
37. Action Potential
Lecture
1
38. Cell injury
Practical +
Kodachrom
e/
Morphology
4+1
Total
93
39. Neoplasia
CBS = Case Based Session
PBL = Problem Based Learning
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Ziauddin University
COURSE NO. 203
COURSE NAME: GENETICS
Objective:
1. Interpret the genetic basis of the following diseases and counsel the
family.
A) Single gene defects:
i.
X-linked recessive
Examples: Hemophilia A, Duchenne muscular
dystrophy and Beta Thalassemia
ii. X-linked dominant
Examples: X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets.
iii.
Autosomal recessive
Examples: Cystic fibrosis, sickle-cell disease,
Xeroderma Pigmentosum, SCID, Emphysema (Alpha 1 antitrypsin Deficiency) and Hemochromatosis
iv.
Autosomal dominant
Example: Huntington’s disease and Marfan Syndrome
v. Mitochondrial disorder
Example: Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy
vi.
Atypical Inheritance
Examples: Fragile X Syndrome
B) Chromosomal Abnormalities:
Examples: Turner syndrome, Downs Syndrome,
Klinefelter’s Syndrome and Angelman/Prader-Willi
Syndrome
C) Multifactorial Abnormalities:
Examples: Hereditary non-Polyposis Colonic Carcinoma
and Diabetes Mellitus.
2. Interpret the following investigation reports.
• Non Invasive:
o Ultrasonography
• Invasive:
o Maternal Serum Testing (Alpha Fetoprotein, Beta
HCG, Triple Test)
o Chorionic Villous Sampling
o Amniotic Fluid Analysis
3. Observe the following genetic techniques
a) Extraction of DNA
b) PCR
c) Electrophoresis
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Interpret the results of the following techniques
a) Karyotyping
b) FISH
c) Blotting Techniques
5. Describe personalized medicine.
6. Describe clinical aspects of genetics
4.
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Ziauddin University
TOPIC
Numbers
Hrs.
PBL
6
24
Lectures
6
6
2
Presentation
4
8
1
Post PBL Sessions
3
6
3
Practical/Demonstration
3
9
5
Personalized medicine
1
1
6
Lectures
3
3
1
1A(v), 2,3, 4
Strategy
Total
57
PBL = Problem Based Learning
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Ziauddin University
COURSE NO: 301
COURSE NAME: BASIC BIOSTATISTICS
Biostatistics is the application of statistics to medical problems in order to
appreciate the analysis of and variation is data. This course includes data
presentation, measures of central tendency & dispersion, normal distribution
and rules of probability. The students work on actual data sets to apply the
concepts learnt in the module.
Objectives:
1. Classify the types of variables in a given data set:
a. Qualitative: nominal/ordinal
b. Quantitative: discrete/continuous
2. Present data in form of tables and graphs:
• Frequency table
• Histogram
• Frequency polygon
• Cumulative frequency polygon
• Stem and leaf
• Bar chart
• Pie chart
• Box and Whisker plot
3. Interpret data from tables and graphs:
• Same as objective # 2
4. Determine the likelihood of occurrence of a given event using the rules of
probability:
a. Multiplication rule
b. Additional rule
c. Counting rule
5. Summarize data using the appropriate measures of central tendency and
variation:
a. Central tendency: Mean, Median & Mode
b. Variation: Range, standard deviation & Coefficient of variation
6. Explain the properties of normal distribution.
7. Determine the area under the normal curve for a given data set using z –
table.
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Ziauddin University
COURSE NO: 301
COURSE NAME: BASIC BIOSTATISTICS
Teaching / Learning strategies
Obj.
No.
1
2&3
Topic
Classify the types of variables in a given
data set
Present data in form of tables and
graphs
Interpret data from tables and graphs
4
Determine the likelihood of occurrence
of a given event using the rules of
probability
5
Summarize data using the appropriate
measures of central tendency and
variation
6&7
Explain the properties of normal
distribution
Determine the area under the normal
curve for a given data set using z – table
40
Strategy
Hours
Lecture
1
Lectures
2
Small Group
Session
3
Lectures
2
Small Group
Session
3
Lectures
2
Small Group
Session
3
Lecture
1
Small Group
Session
3
Total
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Ziauddin University
COURSE NO: 218
COURSE: CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
Objectives:
1. Describe the gross structure of the heart with its blood supply, venous
drainage and nerve supply
2. Describe the great vessels with their branches.
3. Describe the parts and arrangement of pericardium.
4. Describe mediastinum and its contents.
5. Describe the structure of thoracic cage and its components.
6. Identify different chambers, valves, and coverings of the heart and
great vessels on a specimen, model, dissected body and diagrams.
7. Describe the microscopic structure of heart and blood vessels
8. Describe the development of cardiovascular system with particular
reference to following congenital heart defects or anomalies:
a. Ventricular septal defect
b. Atrial septal defect
c. Tetralogy of Fallot
d. Coarctation of aorta
e. Transposition of great vessels
f. Patent ductus arteriosus
9. Discuss the effects of above congenital heart defects or anomalies
on circulatory system.
10. Describe fetal circulation and changes that occur at birth.
11. Explain the cardiac muscle fibers with special reference to the
following:
a. Structure
b. Properties
c. Contraction coupling
d. Ionic basis of different phases of action potential
e. Impulse generation and conduction system of heart
f. Changes in serum sodium, potassium, calcium and,
epinephrine, atropine,
acetylcholine and dopamine levels on the excitation.
12. Describe the effects of ANS drugs on CVS
13. Interpret the pressure and volume changes in different phases of
cardiac cycle.
14. Describe the principles of normal ECG and changes associated with
clinical conditions
15. Interpret the following in the given ECGs
-Sinus tachycardia
-S.A. nodal and A.V. nodal block
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Ziauddin University
-Sinus bradycardia
-Bundle branch blocks
-Premature atrial contraction
-Ventricular hypertrophy
-Premature ventricular contraction
-Myocardial infarction
-Atrial flutter
-Atrial fibrillation
-Ventricular tachycardia
-Ventricular fibrillation
16. Describe autonomic control of CVS.
17. Investigate the following cases on the basis of etiology, pathogenesis,
risk factors and preventive measures:
a. Atherosclerosis
b. Hypertension
c. Aneurysm
d. Vasculitis
e. Tumors of blood vessels
f. Heart failure
g. Ischemic heart disease
i. Angina
ii. Myocardial infarction
h. Valvular heart disease
i. Cardiomyopathy
j. Pericarditis
k. Deep vein thrombosis
l. Shock
18. Interpret the biochemical markers associated with myocardial
infarction
19. Describe the following drugs on the basis of their mechanism of
action, their pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, indications, side
effects and contraindications of.
a. Antianginal
b. Anti hypertensive
c. Drugs for Myocardial infarction
d. Drugs for Shock
e. Drugs used for CCF
20. Interpret the production of normal and abnormal heart sounds (types
of murmurs) on phonocardiogram tracing in the following conditions
and relate them to gross timing in the cardiac cycle.
- Mitral stenosis
-Mitral regurgitation
- Aortic stenosis
-Aortic regurgitation
- Pulmonary stenosis
-Pulmonary regurgitation
- Tricuspid stenosis
-Tricuspid regurgitation
- Ventricular septal defect
21. Interpret the effects of the following in the given ECG.
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Ziauddin University
a. Exercise
b. Ions (Na, K, Ca)
22. Discuss the law of physics in circulatory hemodynamics
23. Interpret the effects of various drugs (atropine, epinephrine,
norepinephrine, acetylcholine, isoprenaline and propranolol) on heart
rate and blood pressure using computer simulated software.
24. Explain the mechanism of epinephrine reversal on the basis of given
graph
25. Describe cardiac output, stroke volume output, ejection fraction
and blood pressure.
26. Calculate ejection fraction, end systolic volume, end diastolic
volume, stroke volume output and cardiac output from a given set of
data.
27. Discuss the nervous and humoral regulation of cardiac output
stroke volume output and blood
Pressure at rest and during exercise.
28. Discuss the mechanism (s) involved in the production of circus
movement.
29. Classify anti arrhythmic drugs on basis of mechanism of action,
indication and adverse effects.
30. Discuss the drugs acting on Renin Angiotensin system according to
mechanism of action, indication and adverse effects
31. Describe the path physiology of edema with special emphasis on
CCF along with the mode of action & adverse effects of drugs used in
CCF
32. Describe the regulation of coronary, cerebral, splanchnic,
pulmonary, and cutaneous circulation.
33. Describe source and functions of lymph and mechanism of lymph
flow.
34. Describe digestion and absorption of:
a) fats
b) fat soluble vitamin
35. Describe the risk factors, preventive measures, pharmacokinetics
and pharmacodynamics of drugs used in hyperlipidemia.
36.
Discuss
the
mechanism
of action,
pharmacokinetics,
pharmacodynamics,
indication
and
adverse
effects
of
antihyperlipidemic drugs.
37. Explain cholesterol metabolism and its derivatives.
38. Explain metabolism of
a. Chylomicron
b. HDL
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Ziauddin University
c. LDL
d. VLDL
39. Identify the cardiovascular structure in radiograph.
40. Surface marking of heart and great vessels
Skills
1. Record and interpret ECG of a normal subject.
2. Perform examination of the cardiovascular system which includes:
• Physical examination of CVS
• Examine the radial, brachial, carotid, femoral, popliteal, dorsalis
pedis and posterior tibial pulses.
• Recording of blood pressure manually in different positions.
• Interpret the action of various drugs on intact/isolated heart & BP
using computer simulation software.
• Interpret the following in given clinical scenarios.
a.
Cholesterol
b. Triglycerides
c.
HDL and LDL
• Perform CPR on a mannequin.
• Communicate risk to all patient regarding medication use and drug
interactions with reference to cardiovascular diseases
Course No: 218
Course: Cardiovascular System
Learning Strategies
S No
Topic
1.
Introduction to the course
2.
Gross structure of the heart
Hrs.
1
Topics
Demonstration/Models
a.
Thoracic cage
1/2
b.
Mediastinum
1/2
c.
Pericardium & Pericardial sinuses (
nerve supply, functions and clinical
relevance) Heart – anatomical
position, borders and surfaces
Right and left atrium
1/2
d.
44
1/2
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Ziauddin University
e.
Right and left ventricle
1/2
f.
1/2
5.
Valves of the heart, auscultatory
areas & anatomical basis of cardiac
murmurs
Arterial supply, venous drainage and
nerve supply of heart. Anatomical
basis of Angina, MI, CABG and PTCA
Venous drainage and nerve supply
of heart
Aorta and its branches. Venous
drainage and nerve supply of heart.
Pulmonary trunk, superior and inferior
vena cava
Surface marking of heart and great
vessels
Microscopic structure of heart and
vessels
Development of heart I
6.
g.
h.
i.
j.
4.
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
Lecture
Practical
2
6
Lecture
1
Development of heart II
Lecture
1
7.
Development of heart III
Lecture
1
8.
Development of Arterial and Venous
system
Etiology, pathogenesis and clinical
course and complications of deep
venous thrombosis.
Lecture
1
Lecture
1
PBL/
Lecture 1
4
1
Lecture
1
PBL
4
Lecture
1
9.
10.
12.
Etiology, , risk factors, preventive
measures, pathogenesis,
pharmacodynamics,
pharmacokinetics and treatment of
ischaemic heart disease
Anti-anginal drugs on the basis of
mechanism of action.
Hemodynamic and side effects and
common drug-drug interaction of
antianginal drugs.
Congenital heart defects
13.
Common types of congenital heart
11.
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Ziauddin University
diseases
14.
15.
Fetal circulation and circulatory
changes at birth
Autonomic control of CVS.
16.
Electrical events in cardiac tissue
17.
Peripheral pulses
18.
Cardiac muscle fiber and excitation
contraction coupling in cardiac
muscles
Effects of ions & hormones on
cardiac muscle
Conducting system of heart
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
Lecture
1
Lecture
1
Lecture
2
Practical
2
Lecture
1
Lecture
2
Interactive Session
1
Lecture
2
PBL
Lecture
4+1
Etiology, pathogenesis, clinical
course, complications and diagnosis
of infective endocarditis.
Lecture
1
course, complications and diagnosis
of atherosclerosis.
Lecture
1
features and complications of
pericarditis.
Lecture
1
Lecture
2
Practical + Lecture
2+1
Lecture
1
Lecture
2
Lecture
1
Organ effect (CVS)of drug acting on
ANS
course and diagnosis of rheumatic
fever and rheumatic heart disease.
27.
Pressure volume changes during
cardiac cycle.
Principles of ECG
28.
Vectorial analysis of ECG
29.
Arrhythmias on ECG and other ECG
changes.
Classification of anti arrhythmic
agents
30.
46
Ziauddin University
31.
Murmurs/ ECG / Cardiac cycle
Lecture
1
32.
Hemodynamics
Lecture
2
33.
Cardiac output & its regulation
Lecture
2
34.
Blood pressure & its regulation
Lecture
2
35.
Blood Pressure recording
Practical
2
36.
Etiology pathogenesis effect of
hypertension on blood vessels and
heart.
Mechanism of action, adverse
effects, and drug interactions of
antihypertensive drugs.
Specialized circulation
Lecture
1
PBL/ lecture
4/2
Lecture
2
Lecture
2
Lecture
1
Lecture
1
Lecture
PBL
2
4
Lecture
PBL
1
4
CBS
1
Morphology
Practical
2
Lecture
1
Lecture
1
Lecture
2
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
Capillary circulation, fluid exchange
& edema formation
Pathophysiology of edema.
Neurohormonal control of
circulation
Cardiac failure & drugs used in CCF
43.
Pathogenesis of different types of
shock with their causes
44.
Mechanism of action and adverse
effects of drugs used in the
treatment of various types of shock.
45.
CVS
Digestion and absorption of fats and
fat soluble vitamins
46.
47.
48.
Cholesterol metabolism and its
derivatives
Metabolism of Chylomicron,HDL,LDL
and VLDL
47
Ziauddin University
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
Interpret the biochemical markers
associated with myocardial
infarction
Antihyperlipidemic drugs according
to their mode of action and their
clinical uses, common drug-drug
interactions and adverse-effects.
Epidemiology and prevention of
cardiovascular diseases
CVS radiology
Examination of the Cardiovascular
System
Surface anatomy of heart and great
vessels
Interpret the following in given
clinical scenarios Cholesterol
,Triglycerides ,HDL and LDL
Interpret the graph of epinephrine
reversal.
Interpret the actions of various drugs
on blood pressure & intact / isolated
heart using computer simulation
software.
Perform CPR
Interpret the following in the given
ECGs Sinus tachycardia, SA nodal,
AV nodal block, Sinus bradycardia,
Bundle branch blocks, Premature
atrial
contraction,
Ventricular
hypertrophy, Premature ventricular
contraction, Myocardial infarction,
Atrial
flutter,
Atrial
fibrillation,
Ventricular tachycardia, Ventricular
fibrillation
Pathology Practical / morphology.
48
Lecture
1
CBS
2
Lecture
1+1
Lecture
2
Practical
4
Practical
2
Practical
2
Practical
2
Practical
2
Skill
3
Practical
4
Practical
6
Total
143
Ziauddin University
Learning Resources
Recommended Books
Anatomy
•
•
•
•
•
•
K.L. Moore. Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 6th edition 2009.
B Young, J.W. Heath. Wheater’s Functional Histology, 5th edition 2006.
Keith L. Moore. The Developing Human 9th edition 2011.
Medical Histology by Laiq Hussain 4th ediation 1999.
Richard S. Snell. Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students, 9th edition 2011.
Langman’s Medical Embryology 12th edition 2011.
Physiology
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Arthur C. Guyton, John E. Hall. Textbook of Medical Physiology, 12th
edition 2010.
Recommended
Robert M. Berne, Matthew N. Levy. Principle of Physiology, 5th edition
2006.
William F. Ganong. Review of Medical Physiology,24th edition 2012.
Sherwood, Lauralee. Human physiology : from cells to systems 8th
edition 2012.
Bijlani, R.L. Understanding Medical physiology : a textbook of medical
students
4th edition 2012.
Biochemistry
• Robber K. Murray, Daryl K. Granner, Peter A. Mayes, Victor W. Rodwell.
Harper’s Biochemistry, 29th edition 2012.
• Pamela C. Champe, Richard A. Harvey. Lippincott’s Illustrated Review
of Biochemistry, 5th edition 2010.
• Harold C. Sox Jr. Common Diagnostic Tests, use and interpretation 2nd
edition 1990.
• Jhon F. Zilva, Peter R. Pannall, Philip D. Mayne. Clinical Chemistry in
Diagnosis and Treatment, 5th edition 1988.
• U. Satyanarayana. Biochemistry 2006.
Community Health Sciences
• Mohd. Ilyas et. Al. Community Medicine and Public Health, 7th edition
2006.
• Kumza JW, Bohnenblust SE, Basic Statistics for the Health Sciences, 5th
Edition 2005.
49
Ziauddin University
•
CHS Course Book (available from CHS / ZU).
Pharmalcology
• Bertram G. Katzung. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 12th Edition.
2011.
• Bennett and Brown. Clinical Pharmacology, 11th Edition. 2012.
• Goodman and Gillman. The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics,
12th Edition. 2011.
• Rang, Dale, Ritter and Moore. Pharmacology, 7th Edition. 2012.
• Tripathi. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology. 6th Edition. 2008.
Pathology
• Peter D. Turnpenny, Emery’s Elements of Medical Genetics (14th ed.).
New York: Churchill Livingstone. 2011.
• Cotran RS, Kumar V and Collins T. Robbin’s Pathologic Basis of Disease
(8th ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. 2012.
• Walter JB and Talbot IC. Walter and Israel’s General Pathology (7th
ed.). New York: Churchill Livingstone. 1996.
• Kumar V, Cotran RS, and Robbins SL. Basic Pathology (9th ed.).
Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. 2012.
• Rubin E, Pathology (6th ed.) Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven. 2011
• Ivan Roitt. Riott’s Essential Immunology (12th ed.). New Delhi:I.K.
International Pvt. Ltd. 2011.
• Wheater P et al. Basic Histopathology: A Color Atlas and Text (4th ed.).
Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. 2002.
Computer Assisted Learning:
Topic
-
Catalogue #
Interactive Atlas of Human Anatomy
Explorations in Cell Biology and Genetics
Interactive Physiology
Wheater’s Interactive Histology
Radiological Anatomy
Imaging Atlas of Human Anatomy 2.0
Human Anatomy
Virtual Human Atlas
Comprehensive Microscopic Anatomy
50
43 and 116
44 and 115
48
52
54
67
76
78
77
Ziauddin University
Video:
Statistics. Decisions through Data.
51
12-16
Ziauddin University
STUDENT CODE OF CONDUCT
1.
1.1
1.2
1.3
2.
2.1
INTRODUCTION:
The ZU was established with the objective of developing human
resources appropriately equipped to deal with the problems, which
are of particular relevance to its environment. The University considers
its students to be mature and responsible individuals and makes all
efforts for developing matching professional attributes.
The University expects that behaviour of the students, within and
outside the premises of the University, should be in conformity with the
highest standards of honesty, morality and discipline. The students
should respect the rights and privileges of the members of the University
community at all times. They should refrain from conduct that might
damage the reputation of the University or any of its programmes.
The students should refrain from any conduct that may lead to the
disruption of an academic programme of the University and from
cheating and plagiarism in any setting of the University.
THE CONDUCT OF STUDENTS:
GENERAL CONDUCT:
All students should present themselves with dignity befitting their status
as mature professionals and responsible citizens.
a.
Students in all settings on campus are expected to dress in a
simple and decent manner.
b.
Students individually or as a group, should obtain written ZU
approval before organizing or assisting in organizing
demonstrations, rallies or picketing on campus.
c.
Students individually or as a group should refrain from
disseminating or causing to disseminate material or engage in
activity which hinder or prevent the full participation of another
person or group in the life of the University.
d.
Religious and social activities held on campus must have prior
written University authorization.
e.
Students should ensure that their actions do not endanger or
threaten the health, safety or well being of other persons.
f.
Students should refrain from any behaviour, which can be
interpreted by others as sexual harassment.
g.
Students should obtain written authorization before making
public statements, communication, or correspondence with the
press or other media for mass communication on behalf of the
University.
52
Ziauddin University
h.
I.
2.2
Unless otherwise authorized in writing the students should refrain
from inviting government and or foreign dignitaries, ministers,
representatives of foreign governments/agencies or other public
personalities in their official capacity on campus.
Students should refrain from any activity, which is subversive of
discipline and may constitute misconduct.
ACADEMIC CONDUCT:
All students should diligently apply themselves to their registered
courses of study. They should respect the confidentiality of information
and should use it in no other circumstances than for professional and
authorized academic purposes.
a.
Students should attend lectures, PBLs, tutorials, seminars,
practicals, clinics and ward assignments, examinations and other
scheduled courses, activities and assignments given by the
faculty except for reasons acceptable to the University.
b.
Students should ensure that any original academic writing,
including essays, theses, research projects or assignments in a
course or programme of study either represents their own words,
ideas, images or data or is appropriately referenced.
c.
Students should obtain authorization before procuring,
possessing, distributing or receiving any confidential material
pertaining to academic tests, examinations, research or
laboratory results from any source.
d.
Students should respect the confidentiality of information
pertaining to patients, including their records or files.
RULES:
1. INTRODUCTION:
1.1
Students of ZU are required to exhibit good attitude and discipline.
Guidelines have been delineated in the University’s Code of
Conduct (“Code of Conduct”) framed by the University to provide
students with a reference to the standards for discipline. It is
expected that all students will strictly uphold and adhere to the
Code of Conduct, but in cases where there are grounds to suspect
a breach or any infringement of the Code of Conduct or disregard
or contempt of the Code of Conduct, disciplinary action may be
initiated for such behaviour committed either within or outside the
precincts of the University or any establishment, project or setting
thereof anywhere located. The reference to the expression
53
Ziauddin University
“University” shall mean and include (unless the context provides
otherwise), any establishment, project or setting of the University
located anywhere in the world.
1.2
The disciplinary procedure to be followed upon breach and /or
infringement of the Code of Conduct is defined herein, along with
the actions, which constitute disciplinary offences and the decisionmaking authority.
2. DISCIPLINARY OFFENCE:
Without prejudice to the generality of the provisions of the Code of
Conduct and the provisions of Rules 1.1 and 1.2, the following conduct
will constitute disciplinary offence:
2.1.
MINOR OFFENCES:
a. Repeated failure to conform to scheduled instruction, practical
work, examination, clinical assignments and or forcing other
students to act likewise.
b. Smoking, eating and drinking are prohibited in the University
Premises.
NOTE: All minor offences will be dealt with as major if repeated.
2.2.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
MAJOR OFFENCES:
Assault on students, members of staff, faculty or patients.
Any form of unauthorized picketing, rallies, demonstrations or
organized obstructions of any student/University/University
Hospital function in any manner whatsoever.
Any attempt to conceive, design or affect any plans of
whatever nature whose object or consequence is to disrupt
academic programmes of the University or its operations.
Malicious acts, theft, willful damage or misuse of University
property.
Disorderly conduct and/or molestation of other members of the
University Community within and outside the University premises.
Bringing unauthorized persons in the university premises or any
other building related to the University.
Cheating, plagiarism and or use of unfair means in examinations
or any other academic setting.
Possession, use and display of firearms, drugs, alcohol or other
contraband items on campus or at University related events.
Any other offence, which is considered to be harmful to the
academic atmosphere.
54
Ziauddin University
DISCIPLINARY ACTIONS:
The University will have the powers to impose any one or more of the
following actions. However, nothing will preclude the University from
requiring any student or parent or both to execute any bond,
assurance or undertaking to support expected conduct throughout
his/her stay at the University.
MINOR DISCIPLINARY OFFENCE will be liable to one or more of the
following sanctions.
a) Counselling of the student.
b) Probation: A student can be put on probation for a specified period
of time with mandatory periodic counseling.
c) A letter of warning or reprimand to the student with information to
the parents.
d) The payment of fine by the offender commensurate with the nature
and gravity of the offence committed amounting up to 5% of the
annual fees of the student.
MAJOR DISCIPLINARY OFFENCE will be liable to one or more of the
following sanctions
a) The payment of fine by the offender commensurate with the nature
and gravity of
the offence committed amounting up to 5% of
the annual fees of the student.
b) Suspension from the University for a specified period.
c) Expulsion from the University.
d) Any other penalty which the University may deem fit to impose.
DISCIPLINARY PROCEDURE:
The following steps constitute the disciplinary procedure.
4.1
Any disciplinary offence not of serious nature may be brought to the
attention of the offender by an affected student through the
faculty/staff member concerned of the University. The purpose of this in
the first instance is to resolve the matter through constructive criticism
ounseling and/or admonition. The expression “offence not of serious
nature” appearing herein above shall be such offence as is considered
as an offence of not a serious nature by the faculty/staff member of
the University in his/her sole discretion. The expression “faculty/staff
member of the University” shall be in relation to the following Units of
the University namely,
(i) Medical College, (ii) College of Nursing, (iii) College of Physical
Therapy
(iv) School Medical Technology (v) College of
Pharmacy. (vi) College of Speech Language Therapy (vii) Dental
college (viii) Faculty of Media Sciences.
55
Ziauddin University
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
5.
5.1
5.2
If the matter is not resolved or the student repeats an offence or if the
offence is a serious one, the head of the Unit concerned i.e. (i) in the
case of Medical College/College of Pharmacy – the Dean, (ii) in the
case of school of Medical & CSLT Technology – the Director and (iii) in
the case of school of Physiotherapy / School of Nursing respective
dean/Principals or their designate will be informed, who shall advise
investigation by the Disciplinary Committee constituted under Rule 5.1.
The outcome of the investigation shall be communicated to the head
of the relevant Unit. He/she may act upon the recommendation of the
Disciplinary Committee or in accordance with his/her judgment. The
decision shall then be communicated to the offender. The matter shall
be resolved normally within fourteen working days of the day the Head
of the Unit is informed of the offence.
A student may appeal in writing against such a decision to the Head of
his Unit within ten working days of the decision having been
communicated in writing to the student. The student shall within the
said period of time submit his/her appeal to the Head of his/her Unit i.e.
Dean or his designate in the case of Medical College and College of
Pharmacy, Dental College, College of Nursing– (ii) in the case of
Institute of Medical Technology the Director and (iii) in the case of
College of Physical Therapy Principal as the case may be for onward
submission to the Vice Chancellor. The Head of the Unit shall request
the Vice chancellor to constitute the Appeal Committee under Rule
5.2 and refer the matter to it for consideration of the appeal.
The Appeal Committee shall take up and review the case and
communicate its decision in writing to the VC normally within ten
working days. The VC may act upon the recommendations of the
Appeal Committee or in accordance with his/her own judgment.
If the decision is not acceptable to the student, he/she may request a
final review by the VC. The VC’s decision thereafter shall be final and
binding.
STRUCTURE OF THE DISCIPLINARY AND APPEAL COMMITTEES:
The structure of Disciplinary Committee shall consist of five members of
the faculty, one of whom shall be the Chairperson. The Chairperson
and members may serve for three years. They may be appointed for
another term of two years. The Committee shall be appointed by the
ZU Academic Council.
A University Appellate Committee shall be appointed as and when
required, by the VC. It shall consist of three faculty members (one of
whom shall be the chairperson) who have not been associated with
56
Ziauddin University
5.3
ounseling or with investigation of the student’s current or his/her any
previous offence.
The Disciplinary Committee and the Appellate Committee will have
authority to call for evidence or questioning any person witness to the
offence/ event reported for investigation to the disciplinary committee.
6. DISCIPLINARY AUTHORITY:
Notwithstanding anything contained herein, the VC shall be the final
disciplinary authority of the University with powers to:
Appoint or change a Disciplinary Committee and define disciplinary
procedures.
a. Suspend the privileges of enrolment of a student who is suspected
of a breach of the code, pending investigation.
b. Act upon the recommendations of the Disciplinary Committee
which may
include expulsion of a student from the University.
c. Appoint an Appeal Committee and define procedures for appeal.
d. Take any measure that may be necessary for ensuring effective
disciplinary procedures.
e. Delegate any of his authority.
f. Make, alter and modify the Disciplinary Procedure (Rules).
DEFINITIONS:
The said expression shall mean and include any person enrolled with the
University for a course of studies leading to an undergraduate or postgraduate
degree or diploma or certificate within the University or the University Hospital
or any person registered with any other University or Institution who has been
accepted for an approved programme of study or training at ZU.
Vice Chancellor:
The VC shall be deemed to mean the VC of the University unless otherwise
stated.
Dean:
Unless otherwise indicated, the “Dean” shall be interpreted as the Dean of
(a) Medical College.
(b) Post Graduate Studies. (Clinical / Basic)
(c) Pharmacy.
(d) College of Nursing
57
Ziauddin University
Unit:
Unless otherwise indicated, a unit shall mean the Medical College, College of
Physical Therapy, College of Pharmacy or any Institute, College or School of
the University.
Head of the Unit:
Shall mean Director of the Medical Technology & College of SLT, Principle of
College of Physiotherapy and Dental College, Dean or his/her designate for
the Medical College, Pharmacy.
Suspension:
Suspension requires a student to withdraw completely from all the activities of
the University for a specified period of time. Upon expiry of the period of
suspension the student will be re-admitted, contingent upon the terms and
conditions of the suspension without any obligation or liability whatsoever on
the part of the University or any of its staff/faculty members or officers.
Expulsion:
Expulsion means termination of enrolment in the University.
Interns and Residents:
These shall be deemed to be the students of the University.
Fine:
This is an order to student for payment of a sum of money to the University as
penalty for any offence committed by the student. The student may or may
not be permitted to continue with the course of studies until the fine has been
paid.
⇒⇒⇒⇒ END ⇐⇐⇐⇐
58
3
7-12
4
14-12
5
21-12
6
28-12
7
4-1
1
11-1
2
18-1
3
25-1
4
1-2
7
8-2
6
15-2
7
22-2
8
29-2
1
7-3
1
14-3
1
21-3
2
28-3
3
4-4
4
11-4
5
18-4
6
25-4
1
2-5
1
9-5
1
16-5
Semester Break
2
30-11
Semester 1 Exam
Written-SPE & VIVA
1
23-11
Self Study
ZIAUDDIN MEDICAL COLLEGE
Batch-XXI (1st Year MBBS)
Semester-I (November 2015 to May 2016)
Week
Introduction to Medical Studies
Introduction to Human Body & Anatomical Terms
Cell Biology & Genetics
General Embryology
Introduction to Community Health & Development
Introduction to Biochemistry
General Principles Of Pharmacology
General Pathology
CAT-1
Written
Basic Biostatistics
Co- Curricular Activity
Use of Library
Study Skills
CAT-3
Written +
SPE
CAT-2
Written
1
30-5
2
6-6
3
13-6
4
20-6
5
27-6
6
4-7
1
11-7
Respiratory System
CHS
Exam
CAT-Continuous Assessment Test
SPE- Structured Practical Examination
2
18-7
3
25-7
4
1-8
5
8-8
6
15-8
Hemopoietic & Immune System
CAT-1
Written +
SPE
CAT-2
Written
SPE
7
22-8
1
29-8
1
5-9
Semester II Exam
Inferential
Biostatistics
1
23-5
Self Study
Semester-II (May 2016 - September 2016)
Week
Cardiovascular System
CHS
Exam
CAT-4
Written
-SPE

ZIAUDDIN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

Transcription

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