LNG terminals and transportation markets in Asia

Transcription

Number 95 January 2015
LNG terminals and
transportation
markets in Asia
Russia-Argentina
Potential collaboration
for CNG station
expansion program
China
High increase in NGV
population
January 2015
1
Summary
2
Asian NGV Communications is a publication
of NGV Communications Group, publishing
house and fairs-conferences organizer:
www.ngvgroup.com
In Europe, we print The Gas Vehicles Report,
GVR, and www.ngvguide.com, the
International NGV Guide.
In Argentina, the Group publishes Prensa
Vehicular, Argentine CNG Guide, maps,
books and brochures while in Brazil, Folha
do GNV, Brazilian NGV Guide, maps and
posters, among others. In Peru Prensa
Vehicular Peru. More info: www.ngvgroup.com
The signed articles are exclusive responsibility of
the authors, as well as advertising companies and
agencies are responsible for the published ads.
is member of the ANGVA (Asia Pacific NGV Association)
Major NGV projects and growth
Presently, Russia has 105,000 NGVs.
The 2014 (OEM) NG car sales were
expected tor each more than 3,000
units. The main NGV supporters ...
8
Gazprom relies on Argentine
know-how to boost CNG in Russia
The Russian company expressed its
interest in developing an extensive
network of multifuel stations, where
compressed natural gas will be the ...
10
Malaysia to compete with
Singapore as the LNG hub of Asia
Malaysia looks ready to establish facilities required to allow the country
become a trans-shipment hub for LNG
in the region, according to Business ...
11
NGVs in China
17
Queensland’s LNG plant
12
India’s target CNG and
LNG locomotives
18
NGVs are preferred for Rohtang
Pass in Himalaya
14
Qatar’s 2030 vision with LNG
19
LNG for CNG stations in Pakistan
USA
1001 Texas Ave., Suite 1400 - PMB 174,
Houston, TX 77002, USA
Tel: +1 713-490-5780
Fax: +1 713-490-6781
15
Diesel price to be closer to petrol
20
CNG Dedicated Vehicles Is a Challenging
Step to Revitalize the NGV Market
KOREA
16
NGVs cost benefits in taxi fleets
26
Global automotive NGV market
analysis for commercial vehicles
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2
Major NGV projects and growth
Russia 2020 plans
Presently, Russia has 105,000 NGVs. The 2014 (OEM) NG
car sales were expected tor each more than 3,000 units. The
main NGV supporters in the country, Gazprom, wants to the
use of natural gas as a vehicle fuel in Russia and abroad.
Within Russia, efforts are focused on building a good network
of methane refueling stations (mainly for CNG segment), as
well as on improving the number of NGV equipment.
Today 14.5 percent of the Group’s transport is powered by
natural gas. By 2018, half of the fleet will switch to methane fuel.
Last year, the Oil & Gas firm invested around RUB 1.5 billion
to build new CNG filling stations, which was also used to
purchase the equipment for constructing 41 filling stations.
The refueling network expansion program for until 2020 was
also made and being implemented. Meanwhile, LNG for
trains is also being explored, with plans for conversions and
refueling facilities constructions.
By late 2017, Gazprom is planning to complete the pilot
projects for CNG filling stations construction in 10 priority
regions for boosting NGV adoption: Moscow, St. Petersburg,
the Moscow, Leningrad, Rostov, Sverdlovsk Regions, the
Krasnodar and Stavropol Territories, the Republics
of Tatarstan and Bashkortostan. The Governments
of 32 Russian constituents are also involved in the promotion
of this eco-friendly motor fuel, to ensure support for the
vehicles and refueling population. CNG filling facilities will
also be placed nearby the locations of 250 carmakers.
To increase NGVs population, Cooperation Agreements were
signed with 24 Russian and foreign manufacturers and
suppliers of NGVs.
China’s NGVs and station growth
The second largest NGV country in Asia and in the world,
added 667,000 NGVs within June 2013-May 2014. Within one
and a half year, from June 2013 to October 2014, it added
almost 1 million NGVs and more than 700 methane stations.
In June 2013, it has 3 million NGVs. The figure went up to
3,3 million by last May, and further to almost 4 million by
October 2014. The number of station facilities-CNG, LCNG,
LNG-increased from 5,730 to 6,500 from June 2013 to
October 2014.
In November 2014, the government planned to issue a ban
for vehicle conversions to CNG system. This is done, among
other, to ensure better vehicle quality, both in terms of vehicle
performance and safety. However, OEM CNG vehicles sales
are continued promoted and supported.
Meanwhile, the ban is not applicable for LNG vehicles.
Conversions to LNG system and OEM LNGVs are both
supported.
January 2015
January 2015
俄罗斯2020年规划
目前，俄罗斯拥有105000辆天然气汽车
。2014年OEM 天然气汽车销量有望超
过3000辆。俄罗斯最大的天然气开采企
业——俄罗斯天然气工业股份公司（
Gazprom）旨在在俄罗斯及国外推广天
然气车用燃料。
俄罗斯致力于在本国发展加气站网络（
主要是CNG加气站）和天然气汽车。
目前，运输部门中约有14.5%的车辆使
用天然气。到2018年，俄罗斯计划将现
有车辆一半以上更换为天然气汽车。
去年，石油天然气公司斥资15亿建造41座
CNG加气站，其中也包括购买设备的费
用。该加气站延伸计划将于2020年完成。
同时，开发LNG火车的项目也在进行中，
包括火车燃料系统改装和加气站建设。
到2017年底，Gazprom计划完成在十个
优先发展天然气汽车地区建设CNG加气
站的试点工程。这十个地区包括：莫斯
科、圣彼得堡、列宁格勒、罗斯托夫、
斯维尔德洛夫斯克、克拉斯诺达尔和斯
塔夫罗波尔地区、鞑靼斯坦共和国、巴
什基尔共和国。该工程得到了俄罗斯联
邦政府的支持。该项目的CNG加气站会
被建在250家汽车制造厂的周边。
为尽快发展天然气汽车，24家俄罗斯与
天然气汽车国外制造商及供应商签订了
合作协定。
中国天然气汽车和加气站发展
情况
中国是世界第二大天然气汽车国家，
2013年6月到2014年5月，新增667000
辆天然气汽车。从2013年6月到2014年
10月，在这一年半的时间内，新增近
100万辆天然气汽车、700多座天然气汽
车加气站。
2013年6月，中国拥有300万辆天然气
汽车。去年5月，该数字就变为330万辆
，到2014年10月，有望达到400万辆。
另外，CNG、LCNG、LNG加气站也由
5730座（2013.6）增至6500座（
2014.10）。
2014年11月，政府计划颁布CNG汽车
改装禁令，目的在于保障车辆性能和行
车安全。政府会继续推广和支持OEM
CNG汽车的应用。
但是，该禁令没有指出限制LNG汽车改
装。由此可见,政府仍支持LNG汽车改装
及OEM LNG汽车的应用。
3
4
January 2015
러시아 2020 계획
현재, 러시아는 105,000대의 천연가
스차량이 있다. 2014년 (OEM) 천연
가스자동차의 판매는 3,000대에 도
달할 것으로 예상했다. 국가의 주요
천연가스차량의 지지자인 가스프롬은
러시아와 해외에서 차량 연료로 천연
가스의 사용을 원한다.
러시아 내에서, 노력은 NGV 장비의
숫자의 상승뿐만 아니라, 메탄 충전소
(주로 CNG 세그먼트)의 좋은 네트워
크를 구축하는데 초첨을 맞추고 있다.
현재 그룹 차량의 14.5%는 천연가스
에 의해 구동된다. 2018년까지, 전체
함대의 절반은 메탄 연료로 전환될 것
이다.
지난해, 오일 & 가스 회사는 새로운
CNG 연료 충전소를 세우는데, 약
RUB15억을 투자했다. 이것은 41개
의 연료 충전소를 구성하기 위한 장비
를 구매하는데 사용되었다. 2020년
까지 급유 네트워크 확장 프로그램도
제작되고 시행될 것이다. 한편, 열차
를 위한 LNG는 개조를 위한 계획과
급유 시설 건설에 대한 탐구를 하고
있다.
늦은 2017년까지, 가스프롬은 NGV
채택을 증폭하기 위해서 10 우선 순
위 지역에 CNG 충전소의 건설을 위한
시범 사업을 완료할 계획이다. : 모스
크바, 상페테스부르크, 모스크바, 레닌
그라드, 로스토프, 스베르들롭스크 지
역, 크라스노다르, 스타브로폴 영토,
타타르와 바시키르 공화국. 32개의
러시아 주민들의 정부는 차량과 급유
하는 인구에 대한 지원을 보장하기 위
해, 친환경 자동차 연료의 홍보에 참
여하고 있다. CNG 연료 시설은 250
개의 자동차 메이커의 위치 근처에 배
치된다.
천연가스자동차의 인구의 증가를 위
해, 협력 계약은 24개의 러시아인과
외국인 제조업체와 천연가스차량의
공급업자와 체결했다.
중국의 천연가스차량과 충전
소의 성장
아시아와 세계에서 두번째로 큰 천연
가스차량의 국가, 2013년 6월 2014년 5월사이에 667,000대의 천
연가스차량을 추가했다. 1년 반동안,
2013년 6월부터 2014년 10월까지,
거의 1백만대의 천연가스 차량과
700개 이상의 메탄 충전소가 추가되
었다.
2013년 6월, 3백만대의 천연가스차
량이 있다. 지난 5월까지 3백3십만대
로 증가하고, 2014년 10월까지 거의
4백만대로 증가했다. 충전시설(CNG,
LCNG, LNG)의 숫자는 2013년 6월
5,730개에서 2014년 10월 6,500
개로 증가되었다.
2014년 11월, 정부는 CNG 시스템으
로 차량 개조에 대한 금지를 발행할
계획이다. 이는 차량의 성능 및 안전
성의 관점 모두에서 보다 차량의 품질
을 향상시키기는 것으로 수행한다. 그
러나, OEM CNG 차량의 판매의 촉진
및 지원은 계속된다.
한편, 이 금지는 LNG 차량에는 적용되
지 않는다. LNG 시스템으로 개조하거
나 OEM LNG차량 모두에 지원된다.
January 2015
5
Pertumbuhan sektor NGV dan
proyek-proyek besar
Target Rusia tahun 2020
Saat ini, Rusia memiliki 105.000 NGVs.
Penjualan mobil (OEM) natural gas
diharapkan mencapai lebih dari 3.000
unit. Pendukung utama sector NGV di
Negara ini, Gazprom, ingin
meningkatkan penggunaan gas alam
sebagai bahan bakar kendaraan di Rusia
dan luar negeri.
Di Rusia, Gazprom memfokuskan
upayanya untuk memperluas jaringan
stasiun pengisian bahan bakar (SPBU)
metan , terutama CNG, serta menambah
pengadaaan komponen NGV.
Pada akhir tahun 2014, 14,5 persen dari
armada kendaraan perusahaan ini
menggunakan bahan bakar gas alam
(BBG). Pada tahun 2018, 50 persen dari
seluruh dari armadanya akan beralih ke
bahan bakar metan (BBG).
Tahun lalu, perusahaan minyak dan gas ini menginvestasikan sekitar RUB 1,5 miliar untuk membangun SPB CNG (SPBG),
yang mana, sebagaina dari dana ini juga digunakan untuk membeli komponen untuk membangun 41 SPBU CNG. Program
perluasan jaringan pengisian bahan bakar hingga tahun 2020 juga telah dibuat dan dilaksanakan. Sementara itu, kegunaan
LNG sebagai bahan bakar kereta api juga sedang dieksplorasi. Gazprom berencana untuk mengkonversi kereta-kereta api dan
akan membangun fasilitas pengisian bahan bakarnya.
Pada akhir tahun 2017, Gazprom berencana untuk menyelesaikan pembangunan proyek-proyek percontohan untuk SPBG di
10 daerah prioritas dalam rangka meningkatkan adopsi NGV: Moskow, St Petersburg, The Moscow, Leningrad, Rostov,
daerah Sverdlovsk, Krasnodar dan Stavropol Territories, Republik Tatarstan dan Bashkortostan. Sebanyak 32 pemerintah
konstituen Rusia juga terlibat dalam promosi bahan bakar motor ramah lingkungan ini untuk memastikan dukungan bagi
pengembangan adopsi NGV dan stasiun BBGnya. Fasilitas SPBG mengisi juga akan ditempatkan di sekitar daerah dari lokasi
250 pabrik mobil.
Untuk meningkatkan populasi NGVs, Gazprom menandatangani Perjanjian Kerjasama dengan 24 produsen komponan Rusia
dan asing dan pemasok NGVs.
Pertumbuhan NGVs dan SPBGnya di Cina
Negara NGV terbesar kedua di Asia dan di dunia, manambah 667.000 NGVs dari bulan Juni 2013-Mei 2014. Dalam jangka
waktu satu setengah tahun, dari bulan Juni 2013 hingga Oktober 2014, pertumbuhannya hampir mencapai1 juta NGVs dan
lebih dari 700 SPBG (CNG, LNG, LCNG).
Pada Juni 2013, China memiliki 3 juta NGVs. Angka tersebut naik ke 3,3 juta pada bulan Mei lalu, dan selanjutnya ke hampir 4
juta unit pada bulan Oktober 2014. Jumlah fasilitas-stasiun pengisian bahan bakar CNG, LCNG, dan LNG-meningkat dari
5.730 ke 6.500 unit dari bulan Juni 2013 sampai Oktober 2014.
Pada bulan November 2014, pemerintah berencana menerbitkan larangan untuk konversi kendaraan dengan sistem CNG. Hal
ini dilakukan, antara lain, untuk memastikan kualitas kendaraan yang lebih baik, baik dari segi performa kendaraan dan
keselamatan. Namun, penjualan kendaraan OEM CNG terus dipromosikan dan didukung.
Sementara itu, larangan tersebut tidak berlaku untuk kendaraan LNG. Konversi ke sistem LNG dan OEM LNGVs tetap
didukung dua-duanya.
6
January 2015
January 2015
2020 105.000 NGVs . 2014 (i e) a 3,000 iu . ,
я, NGV ! e" e я # $ # %.
,
%& ( eя a"
я) ! я ' e ' o + u , NGV /я
"6 u #.я 7 e # 14.5 "
$
% #. 2018 , 7 a ! я
7i% . , Rub 1.5 o $9 eo 41 ' + я /я #, 7 eя , +. 2020 я я
' o + : # e" #%. e, я eeя eo ; e"
я ' 7 я , a&+ #%. 2017 , я NGV #+ boosting я 10
a a/% eя + я i
;+ #: , , , Leningrad, Rostov, Sverdlovsk a/%,
Krasnodar e" Stavropol a/%, я Tatarstan e"
a e. 32 u;# , # o я
' я"6 я ! % я, ei i7;+ я % я #. eя 7 250
carmakers a! ! #.
NGVs я"6 $ , # %7
24 e" o NGVs e # > & #.
% e NGVs e" $ :
e
e" $# NGV , 2013 e 2014 e" e a , я7 2013 ! a 2014, e
1 NGVs e" a 700 ! я7
667,000 NGVs #.я7 2013 , e 3
NGVs . % eeя-$ я7 2013 ! 6.500
! 5,730 ! a 2014 a 2014 7eя, LCNG, "6 4 o 3,3
, e" ' 2014 eя ; я e &я/ я
. ei & e" & u', ' % я, a #. , i e eя # u e"
! a# #.
e, &я/ eeя # я я . eeя
e" i e LNGVs u' !.
7
January 2015
8
Gazprom relies on Argentine know-how
to boost CNG in Russia
The Russian company expressed its
interest in developing an extensive network
of multifuel stations, where compressed
natural gas will be the main fuel, with the
support of Argentina’s extensive experience
in this market. This was stated by
Gazprom vice chairman Vitaly Markelov,
when he attended a meeting in Buenos
Aires with Argentine Minister of Industry
Débora Giorgi.
“We must deepen cooperation and, in that
sense, it is clear that there are Argentine
companies that can participate in the
program to install multiple fueling stations,”
said Giorgi. In turn, Markelov said the
company is working on a scheme to adapt
CNG and LNG technology for the Russian
market, so they can supply part of the
automotive market of passenger
transportation, freight and light duty vehicles.
Markelov considered the possibilities of cooperation with Argentina in order to develop the necessary technology for the
widespread use of CNG and LNG in his country. Through the annual Program for Russian Regions Gasification, Gazprom
already has proposals for 69 regions to increase the use of natural gas for vehicles and the creation of appropriate
infrastructure.
Argentina exports 200 million dollars annually in CNG-related technology, from engine and vehicle conversions until filling
stations.
Source: Ministry of Industry of Argentina
EMINARS
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10
January 2015
Malaysia to compete with Singapore
as the LNG hub of Asia
Malaysia looks ready to establish facilities required to allow
the country become a trans-shipment hub for LNG in the
region, according to Business Monitor International (BMI). It
means that Malaysia would compete with Singapore to be
no.1 LNG hub (port) in (South East) Asia.
National Oil Company (NOC) Petronas listed its subsidiary
Patronas Gas to collaborate with Dialog Group for the
development of a regasification terminal, located in
Pengerang. Pengerang is a small custom cum immigration
post in southeast Johor, Malaysia, to the south of Desaru
and adjacent to Singapore.
With an estimated investment of MYR 2.7 billion, the facility
would be designed to have a delivery capacity of 3.5
million ton per year (tpy) upon its operation – or
approximately 4.8 billion cubic mter per year – and two
200 000 cubic meter LNG storage tanks.
An investment vehicle PLNG-2 has been set up for the
project, which Petronas Gas holds a 65 percent stake in,
while Dialog and the state government of Johor have a 25
and 10 percent share, respectively.
The facility will be constructed this year, and completed by
Q4 2017.
NGVs convoy in Malaysian Book of Records
Malaysia has set a note with NGVs in its national Book of
Records. The Malaysian Association of Natural Gas Vehicle
Installers (MANGVI) was recorded in the Malaysia Book of
Records (MBOR) for the longest distance travelled by an
energy-efficient vehicle convoy. The NGVs tour from
Malacca to Penang covered 530 kilometers distance.
The one-day convoy involved 57 NGVs and aimed at
promoting the use of eco-friendly fuels, according to
MANGVI President Danny Tan. Malacca Transportation and
Project Rehabilitation Committee chairman Lim Ban Hong
flagged off the caravansary at the Malacca International
Trade Centre.
Organized by MANGVI, the program was carried out in
collaboration with the Malaysia Automotive Institute, Solid
Waste and Public Cleansing Management Corporation and
SWM Environment Sdn Bhd.
“The effort to encourage the use of environmentally friendly
fuels such as natural gas should be further enhanced to
deal with air pollution from vehicles and this was our
objective for this program,” Tan said.
January 2015
11
NGVs in China
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substituted, with only limited opportunities remaining. In
contrast, NGVs will account for most of the future diesel
substitution thanks to both domestic market and policy
incentives."
In 2014, China experienced a decline in diesel demand for
the first time in more than a decade, falling by nearly 1
percent. Although NGVs played a part in diesel demand
contraction, the major driver has been more moderate GDP
growth, in particular a slowdown in investments, which
sharply reduced the call on freight within the resource
sectors.
Gupta believes that a slowdown in China’s diesel demand
and continued refinery investments will make the country a
large diesel exporter in Asia. This also means that for Chinese
National Oil Company, which supplies the bulk of both oil and
gas to the transport sector, strategic choices will increasingly
come into focus around supporting more gas penetration and
slowing refinery investments.
Photo: Jimmy Ghione, Alternative Energies Italian Champion
According to Wood Mackenzie’s recent report, natural gas will
be the largest single factor to replace diesel within the
Chinese transport sector by 2020.
As per their analysis, 450,000 barrel per day (bpd) of diesel,
or 10 percent of demand, will have been replaced by gas
before the end of the decade.
Thanks to methane, diesel demand in China has been
weakening since 2014. Meanwhile, CNG and LNG requests
to power vehicles went up. Wood Mackenzie's Head of
Refining Research, Sushant Gupta, explained, “In 2013, there
were about 250,000 NGVs in the commercial sector,
predominantly trucks and buses, in China. This displaced
around 110,000 bpd of diesel”.
The company forecasts the number of NGVs (in the
commercial sector) will almost quadruple from the 2013 level,
to reach 900,000 by 2020.
Despite of such growth, the share of transport in gas usage
will remain the smallest in China’s booming gas sector
–accounting for only 8 percent of demand by 2020 (up from
5 percent in 2013), to reach – a however a whooping figure
of- 30 billion cubic meter.
Even with the recent fall in oil prices, Wood Mackenzie does
not expect this to curb gas penetration into transport as gas
prices in China will similarly soften in line with oil through to
2020, based on the government’s natural gas pricing formula.
Gupta said, "We continue to see diesel substitution in the
industrial and power sectors in China. However, the majority
of diesel demand in these sectors has already been
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12
January 2015
India’s target CNG and LNG locomotives
Railways minister Suresh Prabhu has been keen in
implementing green energy concept in the country. He also
aimed at having “clean” fuelled trains operate across Indian
railroads. Recently, his “green energy” plans are beginning to
take shape, with India’s first CNG powered train having
successfully cleared trials and ready for inauguration.
Two sets of the dual fuel trains manufactured by Chennaibased Integral Coach Factory (ICF) have arrived and will be
used in the Diesel Electric Multiple Unit (DEMU) trains on
Delhi-Rohtak- Rewari section. Twenty percent of the fuel will
be in the form of CNG.
An advanced version on the alternative fuel locomotives —
which will be able to use 60 percent fuel in CNG form — is
presently undergoing trials. The CNG locomotives trials on
which are being conducted at the Patiala-based Diesel
Mechanical Works (DMW). The fleet will gradually be extended
to 500 DEMU trains. This will eventually provide for a platform
for conversion to LNG locomotives.
In the presentation of the union budget, finance minister Arun
Jaitley announced that the government wishes to move from
heavy dependence on crude oil to natural gas, and reduce
energy import bill. As a start, it will double its gas pipelines to
30,000 kilometers.
Presently the four most popular petroleum fuels in the country
include diesel, petrol, LPG and kerosene, mainly used in
vehicles and households. These fuels account for almost 65
percent of India’s petroleum consumption at a cost of over
USD1 billion, and can easily be replaced by CNG.
For India, a successful program to switch to natural gas will
depend on three factors: the price gap between oil and natural
gas, the availability of gas, and a delivery infrastructure. By now,
India still lacks sufficient gas pipeline and CNG filling network.
Key demand centers such as Bangalore, Chennai and
Nagpur have a limited network, for example. Even in locations
where gas infrastructure exists, the CNG filling facilities are still
insufficient. The ratio of number of NGVs versus filling stations
is over 1,900. It means, each station serves more than 1,900
vehicles, while the rule of thumb suggests that each station
serves 1,000 vehicles (cars/Light-Duty Vehicles).
To solve this issue, ideally, cities must be connected by
pipelines to supply points such as gas fields and LNG
terminals. This conventional system, where CNG filling stations
are connected to gas pipeline is financially more feasible than
having a lot of mother-daughter system throughout the
refueling network.
Looking at the present condition, many said that India needs
to import more gas; for example, in LNG form. However, this
requires multi-billion dollar investments.
Currently, India mainly imports natural gas from Qatar—up to
10 million tons per year. An additional of 7 million tons is
assured from the U.S. and Canada. As the latter’s supply is
too expensive to be used for power generation or as fertiliser
feedstock, it can be a viable replacement for petroleum fuels.
India is also exploring LNG supplies from Russia and from
new sources like Mozambique.
The switch to natural gas is already on the way. Presently,
more than 1 million households in Mumbai and Delhi are using
natural gas. In 2013, over 1.29 million vehicles—mostly in
Mumbai and Delhi—were running on CNG, according to the
Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas.
The CNG demand of Mumbai and Delhi absorbs more than
70 percent of India’s imports, and the requirements are going
up. This is where the additional volume from the U.S. and
Canada can meet foreseeable future needs. In time, the entire
Indian transportation system can shift to gas.
India to ban 15 years old vehicles from Delhi roads
National Green Tribunal (NGT) recently issued a ban for
vehicles over 15 years old from plying in the Delhi roads.
Although many vehicles owners are against this policy-as they
keep using old vehicles –which are costly to them-to support
or as the source of their income, the government, however,
says old vehicles are not good for the environment. Even if
they are properly maintained, they cannot comply with current
emission norms.
A research paper published in Energy Policy journal by air
pollution and transport experts Sarath Guttikunda and Dinesh
Mohan states, “The share of emissions from older vehicles,
especially among light and heavy duty vehicles, is significant.
... We estimate that at least 30 to 50 percent of the total road
emissions originate from vehicles older than 10 years”.
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14
January 2015
Qatar’s 2030 vision with LNG
A new report -‘Inside Oil & Gas
Qatar’- contains the challenges
facing Qatar as it implements its
National Vision 2030 was released.
The country recent goal is to
diversify its economy away from
upstream oil and gas, and make its
hydrocarbon development more
sustainable. In line with this,
increasing demand for LNG
worldwide will be the main challenge
for Qatar.
Seyed Mohammad Hossein Adeli,
Secretary General of the Gas
Exporting Countries Forum (GECF),
said, “According to some reports, the
share of Qatar’s LNG exports to Asia
reached 73.5 percent in January
2013, a sharp jump of over 30
percent compared with 56.4 percent
in 2012.
This major shift is driven by two
important factors, one of which is the
surprising increase in oil and gas
production in a few countries such as
the US, Canada and Iraq.”
The increase export to Asia was also
made possible by lowering the demand
for LNG deliveries to Europe and the
US. Additionally, a high jump of LNG
demand in Asia took place following the
Fukushima incident in Japan.
Qatargas’s CEO, Sheikh Khalid Bin
Khalifa Al-Thani, believes that Asia’s
LNG demand will go up from 237
million tons in 2013 to over 450 million
tons by 2025.
This growing demand for LNG will need
to be matched by production capacity
additions over and above the LNG
supply, which will come from projects
currently under construction in the
US and Australia. Based on
Qatargas’ projections, another 150
million tons per year of additional
non-FIDed LNG supply capacity is
needed to meet global demand by
2025.
According to the report, the biggest
issue for this country to remain the
world’s largest exporter of LNG will
be tight supply (in the short and
medium term) as demand growth
outpaces supply.
Nasser Khalil Al-Jaidah, CEO of
Qatar Petroleum International (QPI,
one of the world’s largest LNG
suppliers), said to reach its potential,
QPI must seek new markets, make
new partnerships, review the full
value chain and plug the gaps
wherever they appear.
To download the report, visit
EnergyBoardroom.com
January 2015
15
Diesel price to be closer to petrol
Thai Government plans to restructure the prices of all types of fuels.
Diesel price will be increase to come close to those of petrol and gasohol.
Meanwhile LPG and CNG retail prices will also be increased as part of a
government policy to sell fuels based on their real costs. Energy Minister Narongchai Akrasanee announced the intention last
November 2014.
The excise tax on diesel will be increased in 2015 by transforming the
levy paid to the Oil Fund, now at THB4.30 a liter, into an excise tax.
Eventually, diesel will cost almost as much as petrol. The prices of gas —
both LPG for domestic/households and CNG for transport used — will
also be raised.
Earlier, Manoon Siriwan, a national reform councillor, suggested the
government gradually raise the price of LPG or cooking gas and CNG.
The differences between the actual cost and the selling prices for these
fuels are quite high; at THB27 a kilogram compared to THB22.63 retail
price for LPG, and THB15-16 per kilogram compared to the pump price
of THB11.50 for CNG.
“What should be considered is the duty on CNG, which is exempted at
present. The usage is as high as 9,000 ton a day so if the duty is set at
THB4, some THB100 billion will be added to state coffers,” Mr Manoon
from CNG distributor company PTT Plc. said.
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illing-Stations.
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F o r m o re i n f o r m a t i o n p l e a s e
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16
January 2015
NGVs cost benefits in taxi fleets
Natural gas as taxi’s fuel gains recognition
in Australia. A Toyota hybrid sedan run by
Eastmoor Taxis in the Melbourne bayside
suburb of Aspendale Gardens is the first
cab in Australia to run on three fuel
sources: battery electrics, LPG and CNG.
Accroding to the taxi operator, CNG, is
giving the company its biggest saving.
The taxi’s day driver Robert Howard,
claimed that CNG is very cost attractiveallowing him to drive on it on day shift for
under AUD10.
He can cover 250 kilometers with CNG in
one refueling. Although to date LPG is the
cheapest transport fuel in Aussie, CNG
offers at least 20 percent saving on the
price of LPG.
Yuri Glouchkov, Eastmoor ‘s roster
manager, said a third of the company’s
100-strong fleet were Toyota hybrids
using LPG.
As LPG fuel has been very fluctuative, in
which the price of the fuel that reached
AUD1 per liter in December 2013, the
company chose to switch to CNG.
Nowadays, LPG prices are almost
AUD0.70 with the equivalent price for
CNG about AUD0.50 a liter equivalent
petrol. In some countries, India and the
United States particularly, CNG is widely
used as vehicle fuel,
OES CNG SmartGas, a company that
installs home and commercial CNG
compressors, operates Australia’s first
public CNG refuelling station in Aspendale.
The main benefit is cost and reducing
dependence on foreign oil. Australia
imports 91 percent of its fuel but has 90
years of natural gas supply. SmartGas
designed and fitted the VicRoadsapproved CNG conversion on Eastmoor’s
test taxi but other taxi companies were
initially reluctant to consider alternative
fuels, said Tuyen Hua, business
development manager of the company.
SmartGas kept encouraging taxi
companies to convert to CNG system but
got no positive reply. However, the table
turned when LPG hit AUD0.90 to AUD1
in the first week of December 2013,
followed by interests for CNG from other
taxi fleets operators.
The firm was focusing on regional fleets in
Geelong, Ballarat and Bendigo in
Australia, and was also in the final round
of tenders to supply compressors in
Indonesia.
“They’re planning to open up 150 CNG
outlets in Jakarta alone and are looking at
15 in first quarter next year in existing fuel
stations,” Hua said.
Meanwhile Glouchkov hopes to start
converting at least a quarter of Eastmoor’s
existing taxi fleet to CNG once the depot
has a dedicated AUD8,500 compression
unit installed in December 2014.
January 2015
Queensland’s LNG plant
Aussie’s energy company, BOC, has opened an LNG plant to serve NGVs in Queensland. The state’s Premier
Campbell Newman has announced a commitment to new alternative transport fuels at BOC’s LNG plant opening near
Chinchilla, Australia.
The gas company said that the plant will cost more than AUD 200 million over 15 years, and is expected to produce
up to 50 tons of LNG per day – the equivalent of 70,000 liters of diesel.
The gas liquefied into will be used to power Heavy-Duty trucks, manufacturing, mining and industries.
During the opening of the plant, the premier announced a new Queensland fuel and energy strategy that will be
implemented if he is re-elected. The plan will give energy
companies access to a AUD 500 million innovation fund as an
incentive to invest in clean energy and create jobs.
He also intends to review current regulations to support the
growth of LNG and CNG fuels.
BOC, a member of The Linde Group, has entered into a
long term gas supply agreement with QGC Pty Ltd, which gas
BOC will liquefy to produce LNG for a range of domestic fuel
uses in the manufacturing, mining and long haul trucking
markets.
BOC South Pacific Managing Director Colin Isaac said BOC is
proud to be a leader in the Australian LNG space. “We will be
supporting thousands of our customer’s manufacturing jobs
and hope to continue to progress an ‘LNG highway’ for the
heavy transport sector along Australia’s eastern seaboard,”
Isaac said.
BOC pioneered LNG in Australia with its Dandenong plant in
Victoria over 30 years ago. BOC has also developed the
micro LNG plant concept with its Tasmanian plant, which was
commissioned in 2010. “As we consider where to build future
LNG plants, we are encouraged that the Queensland
Government recognizes the opportunity and need for
Queensland to ensure it has cleaner and more diverse fuel
options for the future. Natural gas fuels such as this locally
produced LNG are good for the environment and are good for
Australian skills and jobs,” concluded Isaac.
17
18
January 2015
NGVs are preferred for
Rohtang Pass in Himalaya
The ice mass on high Himalayan
mountain pass Rohtang, overlooking
this tourist resort in Himachal
Pradesh, is reducing rapidly due to
air pollution. National Green Tribunal
(NGT) said that the ice mass may
vanish altogether in the next 20 to
25 years, which could lead to
serious impacts to ecology and the
environment of the entire Himachal
Pradesh.
Hence, the NGT has warned and
called upon the state government to
ensure public transport runs on CNG
to cut down on air pollution in the
region.
The NGT made its recommendation
at its recent hearing based on the
scientific studies on the eco-sensitive
Rohtang Pass (13,050 ft).
The NGT, headed by Justice
Swatanter Kumar, listed the matter for
next hearing January 8th, 2015. The
tribunal said: "The destruction of the
forest is one of the main causes which
resulted in the present scenario."
"Thus, the directions were even issued
with regard to the re-forestation and for
giving due protection to the forest
area."
It requested the state government to
immediately take steps to ensure toand-fro plying of CNG buses from
Vashisht (in Manali) to Rohtang. These
buses will be only for the purpose of
tourism and no tourist buses or other
private vehicle will be permitted to go
to the pass.
"This condition should be enforced
without default now, since there has
been consistent non-compliance and
no effective steps have been taken by
the state in this regard," it said.
Keeping its earlier order, the NGT
again categorically clarified that any
vehicle more than 10 years old
would not be permitted to ply to the
pass, which remains snowbound for
over six months in winter.
Officials said that over 2,000 vehicles
go over the Rohtang Pass every day
during peak tourist season - from
June till November.
A major component of the traffic is
defence vehicles with the forces
reaching supplies to strategic points
through the pass.
Excessive emission of the carbon
monoxide from the vehicles and
huge quantities of trash left behind
by tourists on the Rohtang Pass are
taking a toll on the snow cover and
native flora, showed studies by the
Kullu-based G.B. Pant Institute of
Himalayan Environment and
Development.
January 2015
19
LNG for CNG stations in Pakistan
Muhammad Balighur Rehman,
Pakistan’s Minister of State for
Education, Training and Standards in
Higher Education and Interior has
said the government is making a lot
of efforts to overcome the country’s
energy crisis.
He informed that by February next
year, all CNG stations would use
LNG as fuel supply to overcome the
difficulties faced by stations and
vehicles owners.
The Pakistan’s Economic
Coordination Committee (ECC) has
approved various incentives for LNG
consumption in CNG stations. Some
examples of these include
exemption of LNG import from gas
infrastructure development cess
(GDIC). However, 5 percent goods
sales tax (GST) –instead of 17
percent-on LNG import would be
levied-despite of the previous proposal
to fully exempt the GST. The finance
minister said that the decision was
taken, also with consideration, to
facilitate the general public and
encourage investment in the sector.
The LNG consumption in CNG filling
stations would help save Rs200 billion
per year in oil imports, according to
the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural
Resources.
A fast-track terminal to handle LNG
supplies is being constructed in
Karachi City. The terminal is expected
to start operating by early 2015 and
will be able to receive 400 million cubic
feet of gas per day (mmcfd).
Last November, a tender for another
400 mmcfd capacity LNG terminal of
Sui Southern Gas Company was
opened and being pursued vigorously.
In the meantime, negotiations with
China National Petroleum
Corporation (CNPC) were under way
for setting up an LNG terminal at
Gwadar and laying of a pipeline from
the port city to Nawabshah, said
Petroleum Minister Shahid Khaqan
Abbasi.
In the private sector, CNG stations
are the first that have come up with
a plan to give up consumption of
locally produced natural gas and
use imported LNG. The power
sector will be another consumer that
will use imported LNG in place of
furnace oil.
The exemption from GDIC and the
reduced GST will keep LNG 25 – 30
percent cheaper than petrol and
encourage investors to set up more
LNG terminals and related
infrastructure, according to
government officials.
20
January 2015
Introducing CNG Dedicated Vehicles Is a
Challenging Step to Revitalize the NGV Market
The growing interest in adopting
clean alternative fuels in many
countries, driven either by further
restrictive environmental controls or
operation cost reduction
considerations, led to raising the
number of CNG vehicles worldwide
to over 20 million. When making
policies & strategies, interest is
always high when it comes to energy.
The major world automakers,
responsive to the mounting demand
for economical green cars,
introduced various versions running
on compressed natural gas especially
in the European markets that
recorded during the first five months
of year 2013 selling 36,618 CNG
vehicles – up from 29,901 units
during the same period in 2012.
Egypt, the NGV leader in Africa
with over 210000 NGVs, is one
of the main vehicle assembling &
manufacturing countries in the Middle
East and Africa with high exports to
many countries in Africa, the Middle
East and West Europe especially of
busses and feeding industry
components.
According to the report of the Egyptian
Automotive Marketing Information
Council(AMIC), the sales of vehicles of
all kinds in Egypt in year 2013
amounted to around 200000 units and
during the period of January – July
2014 the sales growth rate rose by
39% compared to the same period of
2013. Vehicles industry in Egypt dates
back actually to the 1960s of the last
century and kept abreast, for some
time, with similar projects in Asia.
Having an adequate natural gas
infrastructure with over 210 CNG
stations spread over 20 cities in Egypt
mainly in Cairo, the world automakers,
surprisingly, has not initiated yet any
CNG dedicated vehicle in the Egyptian
markets. Peugeot did when it
introduced its CNG Peugeot 408 in
Venezuela in 2011 which was
assembled in Argentina although the
NGVs in Venezuela at that time
Eng./ Hesham Radwan: upgradin &
raising the capacity of the CNG
fueling stations is ongoing to meet
the CNG increasing demand in Egypt
amounted to around merely 43000.
Introducing, then, dedicated CNG
vehicles in Egypt would be very
promising especially after raising the
liquid fuel prices recently in Egypt.
Economical CNG vehicles would be
easily publicized in the market given
that the CNG cylinders installed in such
vehicles are located beneath the trunk
so that the whole space is available for
luggage & stuff. Also, the range of the
CNG system is long as some models
like Seat CNG Leon TGI offers a range
of 400 kilometers in CNG-only mode,
with an average fuel consumption of 3.5
kg (approximately 3.5 euros) of gas per
100 km, with CO2 emissions at
94g/km. In petrol-mode, the model has
an additional range of 900 kilometers,
and with its two tanks can cover 1,300
kilometers without the need to refuel.
The Egyptian government speeds up
the pace to encourage investments in
the energy sector. Agreements were
concluded, under the sponsorship of
the Cabinet of Ministers, between the
NGV companies and the governorates
to allocate lands for establishing CNG
fueling stations and the Social Fund for
Development also grants soft loans for
vehicles conversion to natural gas.
Furthermore, an important agreement
was signed this year to incorporate
January 2015
21
Minister of Petroleum calls for encouragment of foreign investments in the energy sector
CNG fueling service in the liquid
fuel stations affiliated to the National
Petroleum Company that owns a large
fueling grid countrywide. Accordingly,
10 CNG stations will be set up in
the first phase during the next 2
years to be followed by further stations
covering various areas in the country.
Meanwhile, maximizing the fueling
capacity of the working stations and
upgrading the equipment are underway.
Building on the available spare parts,
the technical crews in the major NGV
company in Egypt, Gas Tec., managed
to incorporate additional 2 hoses to the
CNG 2-hose dispensers to work by
4 hoses. A large plan was also set for
relocation of CNG compressors to
transfer the high-capacity compressors
from the low-demand to the highdemand stations.
Additionally, compressors working at 30
bar pressure were modified to work at
the lower pressures from 10 bar – 15
bar and so the stations could keep
operation despite the grid inlet pressure
reduction.
By: GasTec, Egypt
Seat Leon TGI CNG offer a range of 400 kilometres in CNG-only mode and with
the petrol & CNG tanks can cover 1,300 kilometres without the need to refuel.
22
January 2015
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24
January 2015
.com
More LNG collaborations in China with China LNG Group
Sinopec Fuel Oil Sales Corporation Limited
As partly mentioned in the NGVJournal.com article at page
25, China LNG Group’s agreement with Sinopec to
develop LNG stations for refueling of Heavy-Duty trucks in
the country consist of the following:
- Sinopec will communicate with relevant government
departments for handling application procedures in relation
to adding LNG refuelling facilities in existing gas stations.
- Sinopec will be responsible for the project design,
construction, installation of equipment, testing and
acceptance checks.
- Sinopec promises the LNG refuelling stations will be
operational within 6 months of obtaining governmental
approval.
- Sinopec will ensure the adequate supply of LNG; the
company will also provide a preferential price to China
LNG Group, once the consumption of LNG reaches a
certain level.
- Sinopec will actively report to its head office in Beijing to
assist China LNG Group in the development of its LNG
businesses.
- China LNG Group is responsible for the aggressive
expansion of the LNG vehicles market, provision of funding
to its customers to convert their truck fleets to LNG, and
the provision of finance leasing services for customers
wishing to purchase new LNG heavy-duty trucks.
Xin Si Yuan Logistic Company
In late November 2014, China LNG Group entered into a
cooperation agreement with Shanghai Xin Si Yuan Logistic
Company Limited for the development of LNG vehicle
leasing services in China.
The agreement includes the following:
- China LNG Group will set up a finance leasing company
in Shanghai, specializing in LNG vehicle and vessel finance
leasing;
- Xin Si Yuan will act as a consultant for China LNG Group,
in relation to conducting heavy-duty vehicles leasing
business;
- China LNG Group intends to set up a ‘Green Vehicle
Club’ to provide customers discount on LNG and
insurance, accidental assistance, repair and maintenance
on LNG heavy-duty vehicles, legal support and more.
Xin Si Yuan is an internet logistics company, which
developed an internet logistic platform to provide
information to match the needs of customers who want to
deliver goods, with owners of vehicles.
Jiaxing Dadu New Logistic Company Limited
China LNG Group has also entered into a framework
cooperation agreement with Jiaxing Dadu New Logistic
Company Limited, in relation to the development of LNG
vehicle and vessel leasing services in China.
The agreement includes the following:
- China LNG Group can use Jiaxing Dadu’s advantage of
mass transport resources controlled by the transportation
platform of Jiaxing Dadu;
- China LNG Group can entrust Jiaxing Dadu with
management of the vehicles, which can be divided into two
parts: vehicle management and driver management;
- Jiaxing Dadu can provide China LNG Group with real-time
GPS information of vehicles on financial leasing, as well as
everyday consumption of LNG of each vehicle;
- Both parties intend to invest in 50 LNG vehicles in the first
stage of the financing lease business on Jiaxing Dadu’s
transport platform trial operation;
- Both companies also agree to promote the use of LNG in
Jiangsu and Zhejiang inland water transport and shipping
along the Yangtze River. The parties intend to invest in three
LNG pilot ships as soon as possible;
Jiaxing Dadu is the leading enterprise in regional logistics
industry. It currently owns proprietary warehouse, container
yard, container transport vehicles, import-export freight
forwarders and customs brokers in Jiaxing Zhapu Port, which
constitute the complete logistics chain.
Baotou Rare Earth High-Tech Industrial
Development Zone Committee
China LNG Group also collaborates with Baotou Rare Earth
High-Tech Industrial Development Zone Committee to work
on an LNG projects in the zone, located in Baotou City, Inner
Mongolia, China.
Cooperation agreement
The framework cooperation agreement would include the
following:
- Baotou Development Zone Committee agrees to fully
support the company in the development of LNG businesses
with a state-owned enterprise in the zone.
- China LNG Group intends to set up two subsidiaries with
January 2015
25
.com
registered capital of US$ 30 million and US$ 50 million or
above, respectively, to engage in “LNG application-oriented
businesses” and “Finance Leasing Businesses” in relation
to transformation into, and leasing of, LNG vehicles.
- Baotou Development Zone Committee agrees to support
and give preferential taxation policies on Enterprise Income
Tax and Value Added Tax to the subsidiaries.
- Baotou Development Zone Committee agrees to provide
suitable locations in the zone for the construction of LNG
refuelling stations for passenger vehicles, and encourage the
industrial users in Baotou Development Zone using LNG.
China: strategic alliance
encourages construction
of LNG fueling stations
Shanghai Fargo
Meanwhile, with Shanghai Fargo, the Group work together
to increase investment in LNG refuelling stations and in
providing new LNG trucks for the commercial logistic
transportation industry in China.
Shanghai Fargo has agreed to assist China LNG with the
following:
- Communicate with the Shanghai government to
accelerate the approval process in land, planning and
project approval, and provide tax incentives in relation to
the cooperation.
- Look for suitable locations for the construction of LNG
refuelling stations and LNG storage tanks.
China LNG has agreed to:
- Invest in the cooperation and assume responsibility for
technical support, together with a large state-owned
enterprise.
- Provide heavy-duty LNG trucks or replace current LNG
trucks belonging to Shanghai Fargo.
- Provide financial support, insurance services and
operating lease services through Ping An Securities
Limited, in relation to the provision/replacement of heavyduty LNG trucks.
Since 2013, China LNG has negotiated with provincial
governments throughout the People’s Republic of China in
relation to the development of LNG businesses and
initiatives.
LNG developments
China LNG Group Limited is principally engaged in
property investment and trading of securities and
development of LNG businesses. Since 2013, the
company has worked with provincial governments in
China in relation to the development of LNG applications in
the PRC.
On 10 September 2014, the company entered into an
agreement with the Ordos Economic and Information
Technology Commission in relation to investment in the
development of LNG businesses in Ordos City, Inner
Mongolia. China LNG Group similarly signed a cooperation
agreement with Inner Mongolia Hong Shun Travel Limited
in relation to the provision of LNG passenger vehicles.
China LNG Group has entered into a framework
agreement with Sinopec Fuel Oil Sales Corporation
Limited (Shanghai branch) to cooperate in the
development of LNG stations and the application of
LNG heavy-duty trucks in the People’s Republic of
China. The facilities are expected to be operational
within 6 months of obtaining governmental approval.
Both parties intend to select two highways –
Huhangyong Highway (151 km) and Hangzhou Highway
(112 km) – as a pilot scheme for adding LNG refueling
facilities in existing stations along these two routes.
Afterwards, Sinopec will increase the number of LNG
stations based on the demand and development of the
company’s LNG businesses.
Under the agreement, Sinopec will communicate with
relevant government departments for handling
application procedures in relation to adding LNG
refueling facilities in existing stations. It will be
responsible for the project design, construction,
installation of equipment, and testing. It will also ensure
the adequate supply of LNG and provide a preferential
price to China LNG, once the fuel consumption reaches
a certain level.
Moreover, China LNG is responsible for the aggressive
expansion of the LNG vehicle market, provision of
funding to its customers to convert their truck fleets to
LNG, and the provision of finance leasing services for
customers wishing to purchase new LNG-powered
heavy-duty trucks. China LNG also plans to directly and
indirectly invests in no less than 100,000 and 200,000
heavy-duty trucks, respectively, by the end of 2020.
Source: China LNG Group
26
January 2015
Global automotive NGV (Medium Duty &
Heavy Duty) market analysis for commercial
vehicles - industry trends & forecast to 2019
Research and Markets has announced the addition of the
“Automotive Natural Gas Vehicle Market Analysis for
Commercial Vehicles by Fuel Type, by Vehicle Type & by
Geography - Industry Trends & Forecast to 2019” report to
their offering.
According to the report, the OE CNG & LNG trucks and
buses market size to reach 418,889 units by 2019.
The global crude oil market is continuously witnessing a rise
in cost and an irregular supply pattern due to the increasing
unrest in the Middle East and Africa. The use of conventional
fuels has increased the pollution levels in many countries with
the air quality degrading to substantial levels in metropolitan
cities. This has a substantial impact on human health leading
to respiratory and skin diseases. To alleviate these effects,
governments have encouraged the usage of cost-effective
and environment-friendly mobility solutions.
Natural gas (CNG or LNG) has lower carbon content as
compared to diesel or gasoline. Usage of these gases results
in a cleaner burning of fuel where in the emissions produced
are also low. Also, the price of natural gas is comparatively
lower and stable than diesel. This has resulted in an increase
in the adoption of natural gas trucks and buses as fleet
operators can save on fuel as well as reduce their carbon
footprint. The natural gas trucks and buses market has seen
an increase in adoption by government fleets due to the
environmental benefits.
Another benefit is that the usage of natural gas helps the
government to reduce the direct impact of the rising crude oil
price. Countries such as the U.S. and Russia can achieve
energy independence as large natural gas reserves enable to
domestically produce the required fuel. However, fuelling
infrastructure and range anxiety still remain a major cause of
concern.
Asia-Oceania has the largest market share in the CNG trucks
and buses market, whereas Americas is estimated to show
the highest growth owing to increasing adoption by fleet
operators in the U.S. China is projected to show an increase
in CNG as well as LNG usage as a huge infrastructural
growth is anticipated and natural gas will help the operators
to optimize their operating costs. The major driver for this
market is the lower fuel cost, which reduces the overall cost
of ownership of the vehicle. Various incentives by the
government, which are offered to promote the adoption of
natural gas also act as drivers of this market.
The global CNG & LNG trucks and buses market is dominated
by OEMs, such as Daimler AG (Germany), AB Volvo (Sweden),
Shaanxi Automobile Group Company Limited (China), Beiqi
Foton Motor Co. Ltd. (China), Dongfeng Motor Group Company
Limited (China), and CNH Industrial NV (The Netherlands) and
suppliers, such as Landi Renzo( Italy) and Westport( Canada).
Key Topics Covered:
1 Introduction
2 Research Methodology
3 Executive Summary
4 Premium Insights
5 Market Overview
6 Technological Overview
7 Total Cost of Ownership Comparison of CNG and LNG
Vehicles to Diesel Vehicles
8 CNG and LNG Vehicles Market, By Fuel Type
9 CNG & LNG Vehicles Market, By Vehicle Type
10 Refuelling Infrastructure
11 Competitive Landscape
12 Company Profiles
Companies Mentioned:
AB Volvo
Agility Fuel Systems
Beiqi Foton Motor
Clean Air Power
Clean Energy Fuels
CNH Industrial
Daimler
Dongfeng Motor Group
Landi Renzo
Westport Innovations
For more information visit
http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/fw7xkn/autom
otive
January 2015
27
Asian NGV statistics
Worldwide NGV statistics
Natural Gas Vehicles
Country
Total
Cars/LDVs
Iran
4.000.000 3.993.948
China
3.994.350 2.587.288
Pakistan
3.700.000 3.520.000
India
1.800.000
500.000
Thailand
457.110
388.743
Uzbekistan
450.000
450.000
Bangladesh
220.000
145.304
Malaysia
55.999
55.345
Japan
42.590
16.564
South Korea
40.532
8.203
Myanmar
27.137
23.658
Tajikistan
10.600
10.600
Kyrgyzstan
6.000
6.000
Indonesia
5.690
4.850
Singapore
4.638
4.618
Australia
3.110
25
2.801
2.800
Afghanistan
1.701
300
Vietnam
462
400
New Zealand
201
19
Qatar
76
1
Philippines
20
Kazakhstan
20
Turkmenistan
Asia
14.823.037 11.718.666
Armenia
244.000
192.000
Russia
90.050
65.000
Georgia
80.600
51.000
Turkey
3.850
1.850
Moldova
2.200
2.200
Eurasia
420.700
312.050
Egypt
207.617
205.000
Nigeria
3.798
3.452
Mozambique
1.380
1.216
South Africa
937
800
Algeria
215
115
Tanzania
55
55
Tunesia
34
32
Africa
214.036
210.670
Italy
885.300
880.000
Ukraine
170.000
8.036
Germany
98.172
95.708
Bulgaria
61.320
61.197
Sweden
46.715
43.795
France
13.550
10.050
Switzerland
11.640
11.278
Austria
8.332
8.100
Netherlands
7.573
6.498
Czech Republic
7.488
6.650
Hungary
5.118
5.000
Belarus
4.600
4.600
Spain
3.990
905
Poland
3.590
3.050
Iceland
2.016
2.000
Finland
1.800
1.675
Belgium
1.053
1.000
Greece
1.000
280
Serbia
878
792
Norway
667
124
United Kingdom
663
20
Portugal
586
46
Slovakia
426
100
Lithuania
380
80
Estonia
340
300
Croatia
329
219
Luxembourg
270
230
Lichtenstein
143
64
Denmark
104
61
Slovenia
58
29
Macedonia
54
7
Bosnia & Herzegovina
35
34
Latvia
29
29
Ireland
3
3
Romania
2
Montenegro
Europe
1.338.224 1.151.960
Argentina
2.487.349 2.487.349
Brazil
1.781.102 1.781.102
Colombia
500.000
462.871
Bolivia
300.000
300.000
Peru
183.786
183.775
Venezuela
90.000
90.000
Dominican Republic
10.909
10.909
Chile
8.164
8.055
Trinidad & Tobago
3.500
3.500
Ecuador
40
40
Panama
15
15
Central & S. America
5.364.865 5.327.616
USA
150.000
83.000
Canada
14.205
11.800
Mexico
2.620
2.569
North America
166.825
97.369
Total
22.327.687 18.818.331
Refuelling stations
MD/HD
buses
MD/HD
trucks
6.036
1.025.531
16
331.531
300.000
13.264
200.000
53.344
10.000
594
1.560
31.069
3.475
27.000
570
20
2.060
1
1
50
61
75
20
20
1.394.407
17.300
10.000
6.000
2.000
35.300
2.270
25
153
136
100
2
2.686
2.300
102.216
1735
105
755
2.400
173
176
686
512
86
1.609
400
2
75
3
618
58
538
3
354
261
300
30
78
39
61
26
24
47
1
22.516
1.257
4
20
275
12
84
Total
50.000
180.000
800.000
1.759
37.696
60
1.950
3
250
750
1.400
37
636.059 1.073.905
34.700
15.000
50
5.000
18.600
54.700
287
287
3.000
59.748
176
11
2.163
1.100
129
54
386
81
32
18.650
347
34
11
1
393
553
7
2
0
60
2
3
245
0
1.322
40
14
26
37
102
28
4
600
86
65
154
100
10
18
1
18
17
5
0
14
24
13
0
0
1
40
100
0
0
2
115.671
69.275
27.469
9.660
1.318
11
109
27.589
44.300
199
51
44.550
1.620.203
9.660
22.700
6
Monthly gas
consumption
(M Nm3)
VRA
Others
0
2.200
22.706
2.200
792.687 1.096.466
2.220
6.502
2.997
936
497
213
585
184
314
201
45
53
6
11
3
52
19
2
7
14
1
1
1
1
14.865
345
253
100
14
24
736
181
8
5
3
4
1
1
203
1.049
325
921
110
213
311
167
180
147
88
19
42
86
88
6
26
20
7
10
22
22
5
14
5
5
3
7
2
7
7
1
3
2
Public
2.185
6.302
2.997
936
471
213
585
182
274
101
45
53
6
11
2
5
18
2
7
1
1
14.397
9
211
100
8
24
352
177
8
3
4
1
193
990
133
849
109
147
40
134
175
140
63
4
42
38
26
5
25
16
8
14
5
1
10
3
5
2
6
1
7
2
2
0
2
1
3.923
1.939
1.805
800
178
237
166
15
15
6
1
3.004
1.939
1.805
800
178
237
166
15
15
6
1
2
5.162
1.537
89
8
1.634
26.523
5.162
831
86
8
925
24.033
Private
35
200
26
Planned
800
2.913
50
2
40
100
1
47
1
14
1
1
468
336
42
6
384
4
5
1
10
59
192
72
1
66
271
33
5
7
25
15
48
62
1
1
4
7
2
8
17
4
4
2
1
1
1
5
1
1
2
1
919
9
0
13
10
612
4
10
5
130
1
0,26
0,23
0,06
90
3.872
15
25
40
775
4
35
39
10
2
5
2
19
1
7
11
3
31
30
10
12
52
1
21
7
2
4
5
1
4
4
1
1
2
1
3
1
3
9
737,03
3810,03
642,60
1190,00
152,76
81,00
79,64
11,75
25,77
95,69
14,69
1,91
1,08
2,61
0,89124
5,99
0,51
0
100
8
804
21
200
117
12
558
123
1.500
21
40
1
10
17
3
10
20
5
1
5
2
1
3
227
3.582
32
7
3
46
300
100
70
80
0
706
3
470
239
709
2.490
239
4.867
169
4.747
500
22
5.269
9.834
1
6.854
114,22
53,71
32,11
6,33
0,40
207
43,73
0,93
0,68
0,55
0,32
0,01
0,01
46
167,70
355,89
22,60
11,34
11,88
9,89
2,66
2,03
3,54
2,81
1,18
0,83
6,06
1,79
0,38
0,55
0,22
1,99
0,34
1,64
0,49
1,14
0,85
0,91
0,15
0,29
0,16
0,21
0,08
0,14
0,01
0,01
0,00
Last update
July
October
August
December
September
June
April
October
March
November
September
December
December
November
October
June
November
August
July
December
September
November
November
November
2014
2014
2014
2013
2014
2013
2013
2013
2013
2014
2014
2007
2007
2013
2013
2013
2013
2013
2012
2010
2013
2013
2013
2009
December
July
November
December
Septemebr
2011
2013
2013
2011
2011
September
March
November
September
September
August
December
2014
2014
2014
2014
2014
2013
2007
June
March
May
June
September
September
August
June
June
September
June
September
December
September
September
August
July
September
June
June
July
December
September
September
September
September
July
December
July
June
January
September
September
June
February
March
2014
2014
2014
2014
2014
2014
2014
2013
2014
2014
2014
2011
2013
2014
2014
2014
2014
2014
2014
2014
2014
2011
2014
2014
2014
2014
2014
2011
2014
2014
2011
2014
2014
2013
2014
2006
0,00
610
447,72
July 2014
320,60
June 2014
173,45
October 2014
54,00 August 2014 2013
33,11
June 2014
16,20
June 2011
1,96
June 2013
1,78
December 2011
0,63
March 2012
0,01
May 2009
November 2008
1.049
166,00 September 2014
2,84
May 2013
0,62
May 2012
169
8.936
December 2014
28
January 2015
Largest Methane LDV
NGVs
Region
Cars/LDVs
Largest MD-HD Methane Bus
Filling
Last update
stations
Iran
3.993.948
2.220
July 2014
Pakistan
3.520.000
2.997
August 2014
Argentina
2.487.349
1.939
July 2014
China
2.170.000
Brazil
RegiCars/
LDVson
NGVs
Cars/LDVs
Largest MD-HD Methane Trucks
RegiCars/
LDVson
Filling
Last update
stations
5.730
May 2014
NGVs
Cars/LDVs
China
890.500
China
217.000
India
300.000
903 November 2013
India
200.000
Ukraine
102.216
325
Ukraine
40.300
1.466
March 2014
Filling
Last update
stations
5.730
May 2014
903 November 2013
59.748
325
March 2014
May 2014
USA
May 2014
Thailand
53.344
497 September 2014
1.781.102
1.805
June 2014
South Korea
31.069
201 November 2014
Armenia
34.700
345
Italy
880.000
1.049
June 2014
Colombia
27.469
800
October 2014
Bangladesh
27.000
585
April 2013
India
500.000
903 November 2013
Armenia
17.300
345
December 2011
Japan
22.516
314
March 2013
Colombia
462.871
800
October 2014
Thailand
13.264
497 September 2014
USA
18.700
1.466
May 2014
Uzbekistan
450.000
213
June 2013
Bangladesh
10.000
585
April 2013
Russia
15.000
253
July 2013
10.000
253
July 2013
Colombia
9.660
800
October 2014
6.036
2.220
July 2014
Georgia
5.000
100 November 2013
Italy
3.000
Sweden
2.163
Spain
1.322
5.730
Thailand
388.743
497 September 2014
Russia
Bolivia
300.000
178
Iran
August 2014
181 September 2014
Georgia
Armenia
192.000
345
December 2011
Myanmar
3.475
45 September 2014
Peru
183.775
237
June 2014
France
2.400
311 September 2014
Bangladesh
145.304
585
April 2013
Italy
Egypt
205.000
Worldwide 18.400.327
25.644 November 2014
Worldwide
6.000
100 November 2013
2.300
1.049
1.481.169
June 2014
South Korea
Worldwide
1.049
December 2011
June 2014
213 September 2014
86
December 2013
1.257
201 November 2014
674.156
Largest Methane Filling Station Networks
Refuelling stations
Country
China
Pakistan
Iran
Argentina
Brazil
USA
Italy
Germany
India
Colombia
Bangladesh
Thailand
Armenia
Ukraine
Japan
France
Russia
Peru
Uzbekistan
Sweden
South Korea
Malaysia
Egypt
Austria
Bolivia
Worldwide
NGVs
VRA
Total
5.730
2.997
2.220
1.939
1.805
1.466
1.049
921
903
800
585
497
345
325
314
311
253
237
213
213
201
184
181
180
178
25.644
Public
5.530
2.997
2.185
1.939
1.805
760
990
849
903
800
585
471
9
133
274
40
211
237
213
147
101
182
177
175
178
23.157
Private
Planned
Total
200
400
35
800
706
59
72
239
26
336
192
40
271
42
1
9
32
7
4.747
100
804
3
13
0
11
15
8
612
200
4
50
66
100
2
4
5
2.487
21
10
2.312
12
46
9.834
3.327.500
3.700.000
4.000.000
2.487.349
1.781.102
142.000
885.300
98.172
1.800.000
500.000
220.000
457.110
244.000
170.000
42.590
13.550
90.050
183.786
450.000
46.715
40.532
55.999
207.617
8.332
300.000
21.652.118
Ratio
NGVs/
station
581
1.235
1.802
1.283
987
97
844
107
1.993
625
376
920
707
523
136
44
356
775
2.113
219
202
304
1.147
46
1.685
844
Last update
May
August
July
July
June
May
June
May
November
October
April
September
December
March
March
September
July
June
June
September
November
October
September
June
August
November
2014
2014
2014
2014
2014
2014
2014
2014
2013
2014
2013
2014
2011
2014
2013
2014
2013
2014
2013
2014
2014
2013
2014
2013
2014
2014
January 2015
29
NGV statistics
Natural Gas Vehicles
Country
Total
Iran
China
Pakistan
India
Thailand
Uzbekistan
Armenia
Bangladesh
Russia
Georgia
Malaysia
Japan
South Korea
Myanmar
Tajikistan
Kyrgyzstan
Indonesia
Singapore
Turkey
Australia
Moldova
Afghanistan
Vietnam
New Zealand
Qatar
Philippines
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
Greater Asia
4.000.000
3.994.350
3.700.000
1.800.000
457.110
450.000
244.000
220.000
90.050
80.600
55.999
42.590
40.532
27.137
10.600
6.000
5.690
4.638
3.850
3.110
2.801
2.200
1.701
462
201
76
20
20
Refuelling stations
MD/HD MD/HD
buses
trucks
3.993.948
6.036
16
2.587.288 1.025.531 331.531
3.520.000
500.000
300.000 200.000
388.743
13.264 53.344
450.000
192.000
17.300 34.700
145.304
10.000 27.000
65.000
10.000 15.000
51.000
6.000
5.000
55.345
594
16.564
1.560 22.516
8.203
31.069
1.257
23.658
3.475
4
10.600
6.000
4.850
570
20
4.618
20
1.850
2.000
25
2.060
275
2.800
1
2.200
300
1
400
50
12
19
61
84
1
75
20
20
Cars/LDVs
15.243.737 12.030.716 1.429.707
Others
Total
50.000
180.000
800.000
1.759
37.696
50
18.600
60
1.950
3
250
750
1.400
37
690.759 1.092.555
2.220
6.502
2.997
936
497
213
345
585
253
100
184
314
201
45
53
6
11
3
14
52
19
24
2
7
14
1
1
1
1
15.601
Total
NGVs
Cars
/LDVs
2.185
6.302
2.997
936
471
213
9
585
211
100
182
274
101
45
53
6
11
2
8
5
18
24
2
7
Monthly gas
consumption
(M Nm3)
VRA
Planned
35
200
800
2.913
26
9
0
50
42
15
25
2
40
100
13
4
10
612
4
1
6
47
1
10
5
35
130
1
14
1
1
1
1
14.749
90
852
3.912
Last update
737,03
July 2014
3810,03
October 2014
642,60
August 2014
1190,00 December 2013
81,00
June 2013
114,22 December 2011
79,64
April 2013
53,71
July 2013
32,11 November 2013
11,75
October 2013
25,77
March 2013
95,69 November 2014
1,91 December 2007
1,08 December 2007
2,61 November 2013
0,89124
October 2013
6,33 December 2011
5,99
June 2013
0,51 November 2013
0,40 Septemebr 2011
August 2013
July 2012
0,26 December 2010
0,23 September 2013
0,06 November 2013
November 2013
November 2009
7.061 December 2014
336
814
NGVs Stations
NGVs
Fuelling Stations
Population
Increase Growth Increase Growth
MD/HD MD/HD
Fuelling
Others
Buses Trucks
Stations
Asia
14.155.877 11.301.269 1.259.187 521.518 1.073.903
Eurasia
403.450
Africa
203.783
201.481
1.622
287
393
Europe
1.330.935 1.148.570 115.868 65.776
721
Central &South America5.343.6805.306.431 27.589
9.660
0
North America
158.825
97.369
40.550 18.706
2.200
Total
21.596.550 18.055.120 1.444.816 615.947 1.077.217
14.050
190
3.949
5.162
1.563
24.914
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Nov. 2013
Nov 2014
2002-2013
2.309.974
5.482
3.254.841
6.666
944.867
3.850.657
7.842
595.816
4.687.230
9.077
836.573
5.647.314
10.647
960.084
7.546.636
12.214 1.899.322
9.560.284
14.539 2.013.648
11.152.339
16.970 1.592.055
13.136.556
18.745 1.984.217
14.787.633
20.594 1.651.077
17.192.555
21.393 2.404.922
19.611.276
25.296 2.418.721
21.652.118
25.644 2.040.842
Overall review
19.342.144
41%
18%
22%
20%
34%
27%
17%
18%
13%
16%
14%
10%
837%
1.184
1.176
1.235
1.570
1.567
2.325
2.431
1.775
1.849
799
3.903
348
20.162
Cities with CNG refuelling stations
Fuel Prices
Premium Regular
Country Gasoline Gasoline Diesel
(Euro/litre)
(Euro/litre)
Afganistan
Armenia
Australia
Bangladesh
China
Georgia
India
Indonesia
Iran
Japan
Malaysia
Pakistan
Philippines
Russia
Singapore
South Korea
Thailand
Turkey
Uzbekistan
Vietnam
Private
Market growth
World reviews
Region
Public
0,73
0,96
0,98
0,52
0,96
0,91
0,93
0,65
0,25
1,60
0,55
0,92
0,76
0,71
1,26
1,30
(Euro/litre)
0,91
0,49
0,88
0,88
0,56
0,20
1,49
0,74
0,83
1,86
0,80
1,25
0,72
1,17
0,83
1,02
0,34
0,87
0,87
0,79
0,43
0,13
1,30
0,52
0,80
0,60
0,73
0,92
1,15
0,73
1,62
0,68
0,92
CNG
(Euro/
Nm3)
0,5
0,38
0,69
0,18
0,50
0,48
0,56
0,21
0,02
1,05
0,20
0,44
0,26
0,27
0,88
0,80
0,20
1,37
0,23
0,89
CNG price
CNG price
equivalent per equivalent per
litre gasoline litre diesel
0,45
0,34
0,62
0,16
0,45
0,43
0,50
0,19
0,02
0,81
0,13
0,39
0,23
0,24
0,79
0,61
0,18
1,23
0,21
0,80
0,51
0,39
0,71
0,18
0,51
0,49
0,57
0,22
0,02
0,89
0,21
0,45
0,27
0,28
0,90
0,68
0,21
1,40
0,24
0,91
Country
Number
of Cities
Armenia
Australia
Bangladesh
China
India
Indonesia
Iran
Malaysia
Myanmar
Pakistan
Philippines
Russia
Singapore
South Korea
Taiwan
Thailand
Turkey
UAE
Total
37
3
8
100
42
2
597
12
4
50
1
198
1
52
1
54
2
4
1.168
Last
update
Mar. '08
Nov. '09
Nov. '05
May.'12
Nov. '10
Sept. '08
Nov. '11
Mar. '13
Oct. '11
Apr. '08
Oct.'05
May '12
Jul. '05
Nov. '13
Apr'. 05
May '14
Aug. '04
Jul. '11
3.643
1.168
Asia
Worlwide
22%
18%
16%
17%
15%
19%
17%
10%
10%
4%
18%
1%
368%
n
er Clea
nd Oth
l Gas a pplications
ra
tu
a
N
r All A
Fuels fo
LEAD THE WAY TO A CLEANER ENERGY FUTURE!
APRIL
27-29
APRIL //⁄⁄ 27-29
San Diego Convention Center - California, USA
[email protected]
www.l-ngv2015sandiego.com
Hosted by
Endorsed by
Gold Sponsor
Silver Sponsor Organized by

LNG terminals and transportation markets in Asia

Transcription

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