Tables
Transcription
Tables
r;;;::an: Elementary StlIIistics: AStep byStep Approach, Fourth Edition I Back Matter I Appendix C: Tables Companies. Z001 c Tables 'fj1bleA TableB .'fl'ble C TableD TableE TabieF 'TabieG ··TableH qTableI .,'TableJ TableK --- TableL .-_ TabieM - TabieN © The McGraw-Hili Factorials The Binomial Distribution The Poisson Distribution RandomNumbers The StandardNormal Distribution The t Distribution The Chi-SquareDistribution The F Distribution CriticalValues for the PPMC CriticalValuesfor the SignTest CriticalValues for the Wilcoxon SignedRankTest CriticalValuesfor the Rank CorrelationCoefficient CriticalValues for the Numberof Runs CriticalValuesfor the TukeyTest 668 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ... - Q Bluman: Elementary Statistics: A Step by Step BackMatter © The McGraw-Hili Companies, 2001 Glossary of Symbols Approach, Fourth Edition Glossary of Symbols a y intercept of a line MR Midrange (¥ Probability of a type I error MS B Mean square between groups b Slope of a line MS w Mean square within groups (error) (3 Probability of a type IT error n Sample size C Column:frequency N Population size cf Cumulative frequency neE) Number of ways E can occur .c, Number of combinations of n objects taking rata time n(S) Number of outcomes in the sample space 0 Observed frequency C.V. Critical value P Percentile; Probability CVar Coefficient of variation p Probability; population proportion D Difference; decile p Sample proportion 15 Mean of the differences p Weighted estimate of p dJ. Degrees of freedom P(BIA) Conditional probability dJ.N. Degrees of freedom, numerator peE) Probability of an event E dJ.D. Degrees of freedom, denominator peE) Probability of the complement of E E Event; expected frequency; maximum error of estimate .r; Number of permutations of n objects taking rat a time E Complement of an event 'iT Pi.,., 3.14 e Euler's constant s- 2.7183 Expected value Q q Quartile E(X) f Frequency q F F test value; failure q I-p 1-p F' Critical value for the Scheffe test R Range; rank sum MD Median Fs Scheffe test value GM Geometric mean 1 - p; test value for Tukey test Bluman: Elementary Statistics: A Step by Step Approach.Fourth Edition I BackMatter 8 Kruskal-Wallis test value 80 I Glossary of Symbols © The McGraw-Hili Companies. 2001 Spearman rank correlation coefficient Null hypothesis rs S Sample space; success HI Alternative hypothesis S Sample standard deviation lIM: Harmonic mean s2 Sample variance k Number of samples U Population standard deviation "- Number of occurrences for the Poisson distribution u2 Population variance Ux Standard error of the mean SD Standard deviation of the differences ~ Summation notation Sest Standard error of estimate Ws SSB Sum of squares between groups Smaller sum of signed ranks, Wilcoxon signed-rank test X Data value; number of successes for a binomial distribution SSw Sum of squares within groups sj- Between-group variance s* t Within-group variance X Sample mean ttest value x Independent variable in regression t0i/2 Two-tailed t critical value Grand mean JL Population mean Midpoint of a class JLD Mean of the population differences XOM Xm X2 J.Lx Mean of the sample means y Dependent variable in regression w Class width; weights y' Predicted y value r Sample correlation coefficient Z .R Multiple correlation coefficient Za/2 z test value or z score Two-tailed critical z value r2 Coefficient of determination ! Factorial p Population correlation coefficient Chi-square I Blank-TBrquin: Engineering Economy, Fihh Edition Level One:ThisIs Howh AllStarts 1. Foundations of Engineering Economy © The McGrew-Hili Compenies. 2002 Foundations of Engineering Economy The need for engineering economy is primarily motivated by the work that engineers do in performing analysis, synthesizinq, and coming to a conclusion as they work on projects of all sizes. In other words, engineering economy is at the heart of making decisions. These decisions involve the fundamental elements of cash flows of money, time, and interest rates. This chapter introduces the basic concepts and terminology necessaryfor an engineer to combine these three essential elements in organized, mathematically correct ways to solve problems that will lead to better decisions. Many of the terms common to economic decision making are introduced here and used in later chapters of the text. Icons in the margins serve as back and forward cross-referencesto more fundamental and additional material throughout the book. . The case study included after the end-of-chapter problems focuses on the development of engineering economy alternatives. Blank-Tarquin: Engineering Economy, Fifth Edition Level One: ThisIs How It AllStarts 1.Foundations of Engineering Economy © The McGraw-Hili Companies, 2002 LEARNING OBJECTIVES This chapter will help you: 1. Understand the types of questions engineering economy can answer. 2. Determine the role of engineering economy in the decisionmaking process. 3. Identify what is needed to successfullyperform an engineering economy study. 4. Perform calculations about interest rates and rate of return. 5. Understand what equivalence means in economic terms. 6. Calculate simple interest and compound interest for one or more interest periods. 7. Identify and use engineering economy terminology and symbols. 8. Identify the Excel© spreadsheet functions commonly used to solve engineering economy problems. 9. Understand the meaning and use of Minirnum Attractive Rate of Return (MARR). 10. Understand cash flows, their estimation, and how to graphically represent them. 11. Use the rule of 72 to estimate a compound interest rate or number of years for a present worth amount to double. 12. Develop a spreadsheet that involves simple and compound interest, incorporating sensitivity analysis. 8luman: Elementary Statistics:AStep byStep Approach. Fourth Edition BackMatter Appendix C:Tables © The McGraw-Hili Companies, 2001 Appendix Tables 669 Bluman: Elementary Statistics: AStep byStep APproach, Fourth Edition Appendix Tables BackMatter Appendix C: Tables © The McGraw-Hili Companies, 2001 • CD Bluman: Elementary Statistics:AStepbyStep Approach, Fourth Edition BackMatter AppendiX C: Tables © The McGrew-Hili Companies, 2001 Appenclix Tables 671 Bluman: Elementary Statistics: AStep byStep APproach, Fourth Edition BackMatter Appendix C: Tables © The McGraw-Hili Companies, 2001 Appendix Tables '. Bluman: Elementary Statistics: A Step byStep Approach. Fourth Edition BackMatter Appendix C: Tables © The McGraw-Hili Companies. 2001 Appendix Tables 673 Bluman: Elementary Statistics: A Step byStep Approach. Fourth Edition I lIaCK MlIIIer I "Pponulx "'; I UUI~:i I <w meMCliraW-HIlI I., Companies, 2001 Appendix Tables Note: All valuesof 0.0005 or less are omitted. Source: JohnE.Freund, Modem Elementary Statistics, 8th ed., © 1992. Reprintedby permissionof Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper SaddleRiver, NewJersey. -------------------------------------------' e Bluman: Elementary Statistics:AStep by Step Approach. Fourth Edition BackMatter Appendix C:Tables © The McGraw-Hili Companies. 2001 Appendix Tables 675 r;;luman: Elementary Statistics: AStep by Step Approach, Fourth Edition Appendix Tables I BackMatter I Appendix C: Tables © The McGrew-Hili Companies, 2001 e Bluman: Elementary Statistics:A Step bV Step Approach, Fourth Edition BackMatter Appendix C: Tables © The McGraw-Hili Companies. 2001 Appendix Tables 677 Bluman: Elementary Statistics: AStep byStep Approach. Fourth Edition Appendix Tables BackMatter Appendix C: Tables © The McGraw-Hili Companies. 2001 CD Bluman: Elementary Statistics: A Step byStep Approach. Fourth Edition Back Matter Appendix C: Tables © The McGraw-Hili Companies, 2001 Appendix Tables 679 r;;an: Elementary Statistics: AStep by Step APproach. Fourth Edition I.BackMatter I;~endix C:Tables © The McGraw-Hili Companies, 2001 Appendix Tables , I ,I ) II II Ii a o Bluman: Elementary Statistics: A Step byStep Approach. Fourth Edition Bock Motter Appendix C:Tables © The McGraw-Hili Companies. 2001 Appendix Tables 61 Reprinted with permission from W. H. Beyer, Handbook ofTables for Probability and Statistics, 2nd ed. Copyright CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1986. :1 ,I 'I I, Bluman: Elementary Statistics: A Step byStep Approach, Fourth Edition 682 Appendix C: Tables Back Matter © The McGraw-Hili Companies. 2001 Appendix Tables 4, OS:. ':18912' :822 1831T >28290 35 86385: ' "29880 99730 59931 0611520542 '5 ~038 "2065$ 58T2.'i' 8283409922 '25417 47358 56873,56307 92A776696998420 '1703287589',40836 5341694970 25832: 82948113~8 42878 257742298780059 38857 50490 83765 24413 59744 92351, 340728124935648 04542' '764:63 54328, 21999' ~9516' 81652 :9488488267. :96189 '143(j~ 89286' 69352 ·17247 ,48223 97809>:.. , 5958~{;} 4154F 51900';. ,81788:' . 9227~;;.i '85653, Reprinted with permission frOID W. H. Beyer, Handbook of Tables for Probability and Statistics, 2nd ed. Copyright CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1986. -----.. CD Dluman: Elementary Statistics:AStep by Step Approach, Fourth Edition DackMatter Appendix C:Tables © The McGraw-Hili Companies. 2001 . Appendix Tables 683 Note: Use 0.4999for z valuesabove 3.09. Source: FrederickMostellerand Robert E. K. Rourke,SturdyStatistics, TableA-I (Reading,Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1973). Reprinted with 'permission of the copyrightowners. . Area given in table o z I Statistics: A Step byStep lilt:: ivunnaw-ruu Companies. 2001 Approach. Fourth Edition 684 ~ Appendix Tables "Thisvalue has been rounded to 1.28 in the textbook. !>This valuehas been rounded to 1.65 in the textbook. 'This value has been rounded to 2.33 in the textbook. dJ1ris valuehas been rounded to 2.58 in the textbook. Source:Adaptedfrom W. H. Beyer, Handbook of Tables for Probability and Statistics. 2nd ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1986. Reprintedwith permission. ----------- - - - - - Two Tails One Tail -t ' ..... Bluman: Elementary Statistics: AStep bV Step Approach, Fourth Edition Back Matter Appendix C: Tables © The McGraw-Hili Companies, 2001 Appendix Tables IG=: Source: Donald B. Owen. Handbook ofStatistics Tables, © 1962, by Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., Inc .. Reading, Massachusetts. Table A-5. Reprinted with permission ofAddison-Woo", Longman. s.: " 'Ii !Ji', \U~~~._--~ - --_._~ . ~ 685 __X2 Bluman: Elementary Statistics: AStep by Step Approach, Fourth Edition Appendix Tables Back Matter AppendixC: Tables © The McGraw-Hili Companies. 2001 Cit Bluman: Elementary Statistics: A Step byStep Approach, Fourth Edition Back Matter Appendix C: Tables © The McGraw-Hili Companies. 2001 Appendix Tables 687 Bluman: Elementary Statistics: AStep by Step Approach. Fourth Edition Appendix Tables BackMatter Appendix C: Tables © The McGraw-Hili Companies. 2001 -----4 ·"'··'··'·'···,·,' ,F":;;'·' I:' f·',I· Ii Bluman: Elementary Statistics: AStep by Step Approach. Fourth Edition BackMatter Appendix C:Tables © The McGraw-Hili Companies, 2001 Appendix Tables 689 LOOZ 'sa!uedwoJ I!!H-M eJ8 0V'l 841 ® OL------'-- Slllqll! ::1 xIPuaddy --l...--_ _- - L JaIlllW~01l8 UOIP.P3 qjJno~ 'qolloJddy daJg Aq daJg y :sO!IS!1lIlS AJlIlUawal3 :ulIwnl8 ----I.-.-_ _- - - - - - ' ..., I Bluman: Elementary I BackMetter Appendix C:Tables Statistics:A StepbyStep Approach. Fourth Edition © The McGraw-Hili Companies. 2001 Appendix Tables 691 Note: TableJ is for one-tailed or two-tailedtests. The term n representsthe totalnumberof + and - signs.The test value is the number of less frequent signs. Source:FromJournal ofAmericanStatistical Association Vol. 41 (1946)pp. 557-66.W. J. Dixon andA. M. Mood. Source: From Biometrika Tables for Statisticians Vol. 1 (1962) p. 138.Reprinted withpermission. Bluman: Elementary St8tistics: A Step by Step Approach, Fourth Edition 692 I BackMatter I Appendix G:Tables © The McGraw-Hili Companies, 2001 Appendix Tables Source: From N. L. Johnsonand F. C. Leone,Statisticaland ExperimentalDesign, Vol. I (1964),p. 412. Reprinted with permission from the Instituteof MathematicalStatistics. Source: From SomeRapid Approximate StatisticalProcedures, Copyright1949, 1964LerderleLaboratories,American Cyanamid Co.,Wayne, N.J. Reprinted withpermission. e Bluman: Elementary Statistics:AStep by Step Approach, Fourth Edition BackMatter Appendix C: Tables © The McGraw-Hili Companies, 2001 Appendix Tables 693 " Source:Adaptedfrom C. Eisenhardtand F. Swed, 'Tables for TestingRandomness of Groupingin a Sequence of Alternatives," The Annals of Statistics 14 (1943), pp. 83-86. Reprintedwith permission of the Institute of Mathematical Statisticsand of the Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, in whose publication,Elementary Statistics, 3rd ed. (1989), by Mario F. Triola,this table appears. i ~ "C 8~. ~~ g g ;:l \;? ~ '" ~: "... "> ?~ ~ Cll ::r ... m ::r c. '< a:~ o Cll ::l ... o o 3 ~ co' !" ~ S e >!!25!! ~ !!l. _. = 3 m n -. ::I n .. "C c l!l. .. ?"!'!m ..,>CD 15 !!2 ~ ~.g ~ ~~< .... !!2 o' "CCD :0 ..",.. t ll:I ~ > "C "C [g Cl. ;;r r.> ;t .,. if >- ~ s&. ~ ~ C">@ ~ 5! lil CD 2. J~ s: g, 8 ~ '" Q) -§ [ m ~. :,;,:::_:--:~:",,~·_L,.::-.·::-~~2.:i_~",:,?:~:'~J m = .E; "0 s ~ p3 g: (1) '" ~!!2!!! ~ ~. § <> !!l .. C» _. = (') n .. F ~ !!! ..,,><ll 2! !!2 ~ So.g ;. ~~< "'!!2 cr CD :::l "0 ... ..s:".. t ~ "0 ...co :::l ;C' F? .,.;;;I if '"'@ ~ ~ 1ll CD ,., s: Source: "Tables of Range and Studentized Range," Annals ofMathematical Statistics, 31, no. 4. Reprinted with permission of the Institute of Mathematical Sciences, CD C> ;:~ 8=F ~~ e