Regulator Type A V1.0

Transcription

Regulator Type A
V1.0
Manual AVRname VersieNR
Voltage regulator for Jeumont Schneider generators
There are two types of avr’s:
forward operated
- ETCA-series boost
- ERTS shunt generator
Reverse operated:
- ESCA- slipring transductor/saturation choke
- ESCRS (ESCRT) –slipring transductor/saturation choke
- ERTCR brushless reverse exciter field
-
February 2011
Instruction Manual
Electronics
Generator rewinding & repair. Voltage regulator products
Manual Regulator Type A V1.0
ETCA- brushless series booster
ERTS- Brushless shunt
ERTCR- Brushless compound regulated (reverse avr)
compound
AVR
ESCA- slipring transductor
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 2 of 32
Electronics
ESCRS (ESCRT)- Slipring with saturation / transdutor
choke.
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 3 of 32
Electronics
WARNINGS
WARNING
The system should not be installed, operated, serviced or
modified except by qualified personnel who understand
the danger of electric shock hazards and have read and
understood the user instructions
.
WARNING
Never work on a LIVE generator. Unless there is another
person present who can switch off the power supply or
stop the engine
WARNING
Dangerous voltages are present at the voltage regulator
board. Accidental contact with live conductors could result
in serious electrical shock or electrocution.
Disconnect the power source before making repairs,
connecting test instruments, or removing or making
connections to the voltage regulator or generator.
ELECTRICAL HAZARDOUS VOLTAGES
DANGEROUS DO NOT OPERATE WHEN
NOT FAMILIAR WITH GENERATORS
Due to liability reasons, EMRI products may not be used,
applied or commissioned in equipment residing under law
of the United States of America or Canada. Neither may
EMRI products be applied or commissioned by any
person residing under law of the United States of America
or Canada.
The manual does not cover all technical details of the product. Specifications may be modified
by the manufacturer without notice. For further information, the manufacturer should be
contacted.
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 4 of 32
Electronics
Table of contents
1. Introduction
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
General description
AVR Layout
Electrical characteristics
Absolute maximum ratings
Commissioning information
2.0
2.1
2.2
Interfaces overview
Adjustments overview
Terminals overview
6
7
8
8
9
2. Installation
10
11
12
3. Operation and maintenance
3.0
3.1
3.2
General operating principle
Parallel operation
Options
13
14
14
4. Protections and diagnose
4.0
4.1
Underspeed protection
Phaseloss protection
15
16
5. Settings and adjustments
5.0
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
Generator Voltage (V)
Stability (P&I)
Underspeed (U)
Droop (D)
External setpoint (S-T)
AVR inhibit
Manual Operation
Dipswitches
5.7.1
5.7.2
5.7.3
5.7.4
5.7.5
5.7.6
5.7.7
5.7.8
5.8
Dipswitch
Dipswitch
Dipswitch
Dipswitch
Dipswitch
Dipswitch
Dipswitch
Dipswitch
1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
7:
8:
17
17
17
17
18
18
19
19
S-T link
Sensing voltage selection
Underspeed trip slope
Not Used
Buildup speed selection
Stability range selection
Buildup inhibit
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Factory settings
21
6. Tips & Suggestion
6.0
6.1
Decreasing voltage spikes
Generator insulation- / polarization index test
22
22
7. Wiring Diagrams
7.0
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
General
General
General
General
General
connection
connection
connection
connection
connection
diagram
diagram
diagram
diagram
diagram
–
–
–
–
–
Regulator Type A
Replacement ESCRT-R001 (660V / 690V)
Replacement ESCA (660V)
Replacement ETCA/RA (100V)
Replacement ETCA/RA (400V)
23
24
25
25
25
Appendix
A.1
A.2
General Installation information
Contact
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
30
32
Page 5 of 32
Electronics
1. Introduction
1.0
General description
This manual contains instructions for installing, operating and maintaining the Regulator Type A
automatic voltage regulator (AVR).
The Regulator Type A is designed for use in brushless generators or slipring generators with
saturation choke ( transductor ) and can be used as a cost effective universal replacement for a
great variety original manufacturers AVR’s.
In conjunction with the optional EMRI droopkit the Regulator Type A can be used for parallel
operation with other generators that also control voltage droop by means of quadrature voltage
droop (QVD).
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 6 of 32
Electronics
1.1
AVR Layout
The AVR is protected against harmful environmental impact by a protective coating.
A prefabricated termination header is provided for the options connector.
Fig 1. AVR layout
•
•
Measurements in mm
Height ± 40 mm
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 7 of 32
Electronics
1.2
Electrical characteristics
Symbol
U-V-W
S1-S2
S-T
19-22-21
A1-A2
K1/K2
G1
Parameter
Voltage sensing input
Droop CT
External Volt adjust
Manual Operation
Volt adjust
Control Voltage
Common for G1, G2
Gate for K1
G1
Gate for K2
TAMB
TAMB
TSTG
Operating temperature
Storage temperature
Accuracy
Condition
50-60 Hz
isolated CT
Potentiometer
Potentiometer
Min
170
-
Max.
480
0.5
10
10
Unit
VAC
AAC
kΩ
kΩ
50-60 Hz
Interconnected on pcb
Gate current IGT
Gate voltage VGT
Gate current IGT
Gate voltage VGT
95 % RHD non condensing
10
115
VAC
0
0
-20
100
15
100
15
+55
+55
+85
1
mA
V
mA
V
°C
TAMB
TSTG
%
Table 1. Electrical characteristics
1.3
Absolute maximum ratings
Symbol
U-V-W
S1-S2
A1-A2
TAMB
TSTG
Parameter
Droop CT
Control Voltage
Storage temperature
Condition
<30 s
< 1s
50-60 Hz
Min.
10
0
-20
Max.
500
1
125
+55
+85
Unit
VAC
AAC
VAC
°C
°C
Table 2. Absolute maximum ratings
Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the
device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at those or any other conditions above
those indicated in the operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions
for extended periods may affect device reliability and lifetime.
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 8 of 32
Electronics
1.4
Commissioning information
The system should not be installed, operated, serviced or modified except by qualified
personnel who understand the danger of electric shock hazards and have read and understood
the user instructions.
Defects in the generator or AVR may cause consequential loss. Precautions must be taken to
prevent this from occurring.
Never work on a LIVE generator. Unless there is another person present who can switch off the
power supply or stop the prime mover.
Dangerous voltages are present at the voltage regulator board. Accidental contact with live
conductors could result in serious electrical shock or electrocution.
Disconnect the power source before making repairs, connecting measuring equipment, or
removing or making connections to the voltage regulator.
The unit should be installed with respect to the environmental specifications as well as the rules
mentioned in the General installation information.
For safety reasons the voltage LEVEL potentiometers are best turned completely counter
clockwise in order to start at the lowest possible voltage.
To prevent damage due to excessive shock and vibration mount the AVR on anti vibration
mounts.
When the AVR is mounted in a closed cabinet proper ventilation must be guaranteed for
cooling.
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 9 of 32
Electronics
2. Installation
For a complete wiring diagram see chapter 7.
2.0
Interfaces overview
Fig 2. Interfaces overview
Symbol
Underspeed
Description
Underspeed active LED
Options
Connector for optional extensions
Notes
When the LED is on, underspeed
limiting is active.
When no options are installed, the
pre-fabricated dummy connector
must be fitted.
Table 3. Interfaces
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 10 of 32
Electronics
2.1
Adjustments overview
Fig 3. Adjustments overview
Symbol
Vcourse
Vfine
P
I
U
D
DIP
Description
Generator voltage course adjustment
Generator voltage fine adjustment
Control loop proportional gain
Control loop integral action
Underspeed frequency
Voltage droop
AVR Dipswitch settings
Table 4. Adjustments
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 11 of 32
Notes
Top potentiometer
Bottom potentiometer
For parallel operation
Refer to 5.7 for individual dipswitch
settings
Electronics
2.2
Terminals overview
Fig 4. Terminals overview
Symbol
U, V, W
S1, S2
S, T
19, 22, 21
0, 14
Description
CT input for voltage droop
External setpoint input
Voltage adjust manual operation
Automatic / Manual Operation
0, 18
A1, A2
AVR enable / disable input
Control Voltage
A1, G1, K1
A2, G2, K2
Thyristor 1
Thyristor 2
Table 5. Terminals
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 12 of 32
Notes
phase sequence U→V→W
CT in V-phase
Refer to 5.4 for more information
10 kΩ potentiometer
Shorting 0-14 enables manual operation
Refer to 5.6 for more information
Shorting 0-18 inhibits AVR
A1 connected to Thyristor 1
A2 connected to Thyristor 2
A = Anode, G = Gate, K = Kathode
A = Anode, G = Gate, K = Kathode
Electronics
3. Operation and maintenance
3.0
General operating principle
The avr type is recognized by means of the tag plate information, issuing:
FORWARD, or REVERSE.
ESCA, ESCRT ERTCR REVERSE:
Depending upon the model AVR. The regulator Type A is designed for use in generators with
static compound excitation with saturation choke or in brushless generators with a reverse
operated exciter stator winding.
Saturable chokes:
When the generator is started, initially all voltage generated by the compounding system is
supplied to the exciter / main rotor, which will cause a raise of generator voltage. When the
generator voltage exceeds the voltage setpoint, the AVR will start regulating the excitation
voltage by acting on the saturable coils. The amount of the controlled voltage of the output
stage determines the amount of main excitation.
During normal operation, when no protections are active, the AVR controls the generator
voltage according a constant voltage characteristic.
Reverse exciter stator winding:
When the generator is started, initially all voltage generated by the compounding system is
supplied to the forward working exciter stator winding, which will cause a raise of generator
voltage. When the generator voltage exceeds the voltage setpoint, the AVR will start regulating
the excitation voltage by feeding the reverse operated exciter stator winding. The resulting
amount excitation controls the generator.
During normal operation, when no protections are active, the AVR controls the generator
voltage according a constant voltage characteristic.
ETCA, ERTS,
FORWARD:
The avr operates as shunt generator avr.
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 13 of 32
Electronics
3.1
Parallel operation
If the generator operates in parallel operation with one or more generators, reactive load
sharing can be accomplished by means of Quadrature Droop Compensation (QDC). Parallel
operation requires an EMRI droopkit. The droopkit must be rated to match the generator
nominal current.
In order to obtain a proper load distribution the no-load voltages and the amount of voltage
droop during load must be set equal for all generators. The adjustments must be made very
precise and under equal conditions for each generator (frequency, current, power factor)
The influence of the voltage droop on the generator voltage is depicted in diagram 1.
Diagram 1. Voltage droop
3.2
Options
The Regulator Type A can be functionally extended with the following options:
Type
Droopkit
COSPHI3.2
SETOPTION
LX_REVERSE
Description
Required for parallel operation
Power factor control
Extended voltage setpoint range
Inverts excitation output
Interface
AVR terminals S1-S2
AVR options connector
AVR options connector
AVR PCB
Table 6. Options
Most options can be installed afterwards except for options with an AVR PCB interface. These
are factory pre-installed.
When no options are installed, the pre-fabricated dummy connector must be fitted.
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 14 of 32
Electronics
4. Protections and diagnose
4.0
Underspeed protection
When the generator frequency drops below the underspeed frequency setpoint the generator
voltage can be reduced to prevent over-excitation. The underspeed frequency setpoint,
by which the voltage is reduced, is user selectable.
The underspeed frequency setpoint must be chosen such that it prevents overexcitation during
a prolonged period of underspeed, however allowing for a small incidental frequency dip without
activating the underspeed protection.
Diagram 2. Trip underspeed slope
The underspeed protection has a build-in recovery delay of approximately 2 seconds to prevent
instability around the underspeed setpoint. More information on setting the underspeed
frequency setpoint see 5.2.
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 15 of 32
Electronics
4.1
The phaseloss protection validates the presence of one generator phases on the sensing
terminals U.
When U phase is not sensed anymore for more than 300ms the AVR decreases the generator
voltage setpoint to +/-280V.
If the error condition is relieved, the generator voltage setpoint is ramped up again to nominal.
Diagram 3. Phaseloss protection
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 16 of 32
Electronics
5. Settings and adjustments
5.0
Generator Voltage (V)
The generator voltage setpoint is user adjustable by means of two voltage
potentiometers. The course voltage potentiometer range is Unom ±17,5%.
The fine voltage potentiometer range is Unom ±3%. Turning the
potentiometers clockwise increases the generator voltage, turning counter
clockwise decreases the generator voltage.
Fig 5. Voltage adjustments
5.1
Stability (P&I)
The generator stability and control response are adjustable by means of
the proportional and integral action potentiometers.
Turning the proportional action potentiometer clockwise increases the
proportional gain, tuning counter clockwise decreases the proportional
gain. Turning the integral action potentiometer clockwise increases the
integral time, turning counter clockwise decreases the integral time.
Tuning the PI-controller must be performed by a control specialist to
prevent damage to the AVR and generator.
Fig 6. Stability adjustments
5.2
Underspeed (U)
The underspeed frequency at which the underspeed protection reduces voltage can be adjusted
with the underspeed potentiometer. Turning the potentiometer clockwise decreases the
underspeed frequency. Turning counter-clockwise increases underspeed frequency.
The underspeed protection has a build-in recovery delay of approximately
2 seconds to prevent instability around the underspeed setpoint.
Therefore adjustments to the potentiometer position must be made slowly,
allowing for the protection delay to settle.
When the underspeed protection is active, the underspeed LED is on.
For more information on the underspeed characteristics, see 4.0
Fig 7. Underspeed adjustments
5.3
Droop (D)
When the generator is in parallel operation with one or more generators,
Quadrature Droop Compensation is used to enable load sharing. The
amount of voltage droop can be adjusted by means of the droop
potentiometer. Turning the potentiometer clockwise increases the voltage
droop, turning counter clockwise decreases the voltage droop.
If the generator is not operating in parallel, turn the droop potentiometer
completely counter clockwise to disable voltage droop.
For a more detailed description of voltage droop, see 3.1
Fig 8. Droop adjustment
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 17 of 32
Electronics
5.4
External setpoint (S-T)
The generator voltage setpoint can be adjusted by means of an external
10kOhm potentiometer or by an isolated 0-10Vdc source. When this is
desired, dipswitch 1 must be switched off.
When a 10kOhm potentiometer is used a value of 0 Ohm has no effect on
the generator voltage setpoint. Increasing the potentiometer resistance
decreases the generator voltage setpoint, upto +/- 15% at 10kOhm.
When a 0-10Vdc source is used, a resistive divider must be
Fig 9. External setpoint
installed according Fig. 10. The 10kOhm to 100kOhm series
connected potentiometer can be used to adjust the bandwidth and resolution. An increase in DC
voltage will cause an increase in the generator voltage setpoint.
*Generator voltage adjustment
*Generator voltage adjustment
0.5Vac / Vdc @ 100K
50Vac / Vdc @ 10K
+/+ Vdc
0K
10K
0Vac
-/- 60Vac
+/+ Vac
0-10Vdc isolatedsupply
+
10K- 100K*
10K
1K
Fig 10. External potentiometer
5.5
Fig 11. External voltage source
AVR Inhibit
Linking terminals 0 and 18 by means of an external
contact, inhibits the AVR completely.
In this case external control logic must be used to
open the contact when AVR’s action is required.
AVR
inhibit
Fig 12. AVR Inhibit
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 18 of 32
Electronics
5.6
Manual Operation
Linking terminals 0 and 14 by means of an external
contact, enables manual operation.
The output voltage of avr can be adjusted by means
of an external 10kOhm potentiometer.
Manual
operation
When a 10kOhm potentiometer is used a value of
0 Ohm between terminals 19 and 22 results in low
voltage. Increasing the potentiometer resistance
increases the voltage of avr.
10K
Notice that the voltage of the output stage is related
to the input voltage between terminals A1 and A2.
Fig 13. Manual Operation
5.7
Dipswitches
Before any dipswitch settings are altered, the generator must be stopped
and the AVR power supply must be disconnected. A short description can
be found in table 7; in the following paragraphs a more elaborate
explanation of each individual switch is provided.
Factory default dipswitch settings can be found in paragraph 5.8.
Fig 14. Dipswitch settings
Symbol
Dipswitch 1
Dipswitch 2
Dipswitch 3
Dipswitch 4
Dipswitch 5
Dipswitch 6
Dipswitch 7
Dipswitch 8
Description
S-T link
Sensing voltage selection
Underspeed trip slope
Not used
Buildup speed selection
Stability range selection
Buildup inhibit
Notes
Off = Ext. Pot. enabled
Off = Disabled
Off = 400V sensing
Off = Disabled
On = S-T internally shorted
On = Enabled
On = 230V sensing
On = Enabled
Off = 2 seconds
Off = Normal I-time
Off = Disabled
On = 5 seconds
On = Increased I-time
On = Enabled
Table 7. Dipswitch settings
NOTE: DIPSWITCH 8 MUST be OFF in aby forward operating AVR
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 19 of 32
Electronics
5.7.1
Dipswitch 1: S-T link
When no external potentiometer is fitted on terminals S-T the dipswitch must be switched on,
effectively shorting terminals S-T. When an external potentiometer is fitted the dipswitch must
be switched off.
5.7.2
Dipswitch 2: Phaseloss protection
Switching dipswitch 2 on enables the phaseloss protection. When the dipswitch is switched off
the phaseloss protection is disabled. For more information about the phaseloss protection refer
to paragraph 4.1.
5.7.3
Dipswitch 3: Sensing voltage selection
If dipswitch 3 is switched off, the AVR controls the generator voltage, sensed at terminals U, V
and W to 400V. When the switch is in on position, the AVR controls the voltage at its terminals
to 230V. This can be used when a lower generator voltage is desired or a half winding tap is
used for sensing.
5.7.4
Dipswitch 4: Underspeed trip slope
When dipswitch 4 is switched on the trip slope is selected for the underspeed protection. This
reduces the generator voltage to a fixed level when the generator frequency drops below the
underspeed threshold (adjustable with potentiometer U).
5.7.5
Dipswitch 5: Not used
5.7.6
Dipswitch 6: Buildup speed selection
When dipswitch 6 is switched off, the generator voltage setpoint is ramped up from 0 to nominal
voltage within 2 seconds following AVR startup. If the dipswitch is switched on, the generator
voltage setpoint is ramped up within 5 seconds instead.
5.7.7
Dipswitch 7: Stability range selection
When dipswitch 7 is switched on additional Integral action for the AVR PI controller is added.
This can add for improving stability for larger rated or slow rotating generators. In most normal
operating conditions dipswitch 7 is left switched off.
5.7.8
Dipswitch 8: Buildup inhibit
When dipswitch 8 is switched on the AVR is inhibited, until the generator voltage has reached
83% of the nominal value. When the dipswitch is switched off the buildup inhibit is disabled.
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 20 of 32
Electronics
5.8
Factory settings
All new or AVR’s returned from service are supplied with factory settings as described in table
8. Adjusting the factory settings must only be performed by qualified personnel who understand
the danger of electric shock hazards and have read and understood the user instructions
Parameter
Output Voltage
Proportional control action
Integral control action
Droop
Underspeed frequency
Dipswitch 1
Dipswitch 2
Dipswitch 3
Dipswitch 4
Dipswitch 5
Dipswitch 6
Dipswitch 7
Dipswitch 8
Value
400
50
50
100
45
On
Off
Off
On
Off
Off
Off
On
Unit
Vac
%
%
%
Hz
Table 8. Factory settings
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 21 of 32
Electronics
6. Tips & Suggestion
6.0
Reducing voltage spikes
To reduce voltage spikes, several countermeasures are possible. One option is to install RC
filters (snubbers) over the source of the voltage spikes. These are usually fitted directly over the
SCR or over the output stage, which regulating the excitation voltage by acting on the saturable
coils. Voltage spikes can cause excessive AVR heating and damage to the AVR’s output stage.
6.1
Generator insulation- / polarization index test
As a rule of thumb the testing voltage used during an insulation test is two times the nominal
voltage of the winding under test. This exceeds the AVR ratings and may cause permanent
damage to the AVR. Therefore the AVR must be disconnected completely from the generator.
When performing an insulation test on the generator rotor disconnect the rotating rectifiers and
any other components from the windings under test. This will prevent damage should the testing
voltage exceed the rectifiers blocking voltage.
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 22 of 32
Electronics
7. Wiring Diagrams
7.0
General connection diagram – Regulator Type
A
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 23 of 32
Electronics
7.1
General connection diagram – Replacement ESCRT-R001 (660V / 690V)
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 24 of 32
Electronics
7.2
General connection diagram – Replacement ESCA (660V)
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 25 of 32
Electronics
7.3
General connection diagram – Replacement ETCA/RA (100V)
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 26 of 32
Electronics
7.4
General connection diagram – Replacement ETCA/RA (400V)
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 27 of 32
Electronics
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 28 of 32
Electronics
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 29 of 32
Electronics
Appendix
A.1 General Installation information
Absolute Maximum Ratings
-
The Absolute Maximum Ratings are those limits for the device that, if exceeded, will
likely damage the device. Exceeding the absolute maximum ratings voids any
warranty and/or guarantee.
Mounting
Mounting of the product should be done in such a way that the absolute maximum
ambient temperature rating of the product will never be exceeded.
Mounting of the product should be done in such a way that maximum cooling
(direction of cooling ribs and direction of airflow) is achieved.
Mounting of the product should be done in such a way that no humid air can flow
through the product or condensation occurs.
Mounting of the product should be done in such a way that dust or other materials or
residue will not remain in or on the product.
Mounting of the product should be done in such a way that the maximum vibration is
not exceeded.
Mounting of the product should be done in such a way that personal contact with
persons is impossible.
Wiring
-
-
Diameter size of the wiring should be enough to carry the expected current. Wire
insulation should be enough to withstand the expected operating voltages and
temperatures.
To improve EMC emission and immunity, care should be taken for the lay out of the
wiring. This in respect to all wiring in the installation.
Keep current carrying wires as short as possible.
Keep wires carrying a total sum of zero Ampere close to each other, or in one single
cable. E.g. U, V, W or +, - or S1 and S2.
Avoid current carrying conductors next to sensing or control wiring. Especially current
controlled by SCR’s or PWM controlled transistors.
If sensitive sensing signal cables need to be laid across distance along other cabling,
shielded cable is preferred. Keep the shield as long as possible and the wiring outside
the shield as short as possible. Do not solder or shrink the shield to a regular wire.
Connect the original shield to ground at one side with an as large as possible contact
surface.
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 30 of 32
Electronics
Additional installation information
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
When the product is supplied by means of a transformer, it should never be an autotransformer. Auto-transformers react as voltage sweep up coil and may cause high
voltage peaks.
When the product is supplied by means of a transformer, it should be able to carry at
least the maximum expected current. Advisable is, to have a transformer which can
carry twice the maximum expected current. Inductive loads make voltage sacks and
peeks into the secondary voltage of a transformer, from which the device may
malfunction.
It is not recommended to apply switches in dc outputs. It is preferred to use switches
in the ac supply inputs of devices. In case it is unavoidable to have switches in the dc
output of a device, action must be taken to avoid over voltage damage to the device
due to contact arcing. Use a voltage suppressor across the output.
It is not recommended to apply switches or fuses in the sensing lines. Defects can
cause high voltage situations due to over-excitation.
When using a step down transformer in medium or high voltage generators, the
transformer should be three phase (if three phase sensing), and the transformer
should be suitable for acting as a sensing transformer. If the transformer is unloaded,
connect a resistor to avoid voltage waveform distortion.
The phase relation from the generator to the AVR is important. Also when voltage
transformers and/ or current transformers are installed.
When using a step down or insulation transformer in the droop circuit, phase relation
from the generator to the AVR is important.
CT’s wiring, connected to the AVR should never be grounded.
Always disconnect electronic products, circuits and people before checking the
insulation resistance (Megger check).
Due to differences in generators impedance’s, EMC behaviour is not predictable.
Therefore the commissioner / installer should be aware of proper and correct
installation.
Large, highly inductive, exciter stator windings can cause destructive high voltage
peaks. Adding a resistor from 10 to 20 times the exciter stator field resistance reduces
voltage spikes. If necessary filter can be fitted additionally. (e.g. snubber, RCnetwork)
Upon problems during commissioning, faulty behavior or defects in the generator,
consult the fault finding manual at our web site
Some advises may be overdone or seem extraordinary, but since the electrical rules
are the same everywhere, these advises are given.
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 31 of 32
Electronics
Manufacturer:
A.2 Contact
EMRI Electronics B.V.
Morsestraat 10
6716 AH, Ede, Netherlands
Tel:
(+31) 0318 620427
Fax:
(+31) 0318 634615
Website:
www.emri.nl
E-mail:
[email protected]
Rafeining ehf
Hafnarfjordur - Iceland
Tel: +354 565 3049
Fax: +354 565 3048
E-mail: [email protected]
Internet: www.rafeining.is
Myren & Co. AB
Askim - Sweden
Tel: +46 317481860
Fax: +46 317481870
Internet: www.myren.com
Frydenbø Electric A/S
Bergen - Norway
Tel: + 47 55 34 91 00
Fax: + 47 55 34 91 10
Internet: www.frydenbo.no
KDU World Wide Technical Services
Sharjah - United Arab Emirates
Tel: +971-6-5575480
Fax: +971-6-5575490
Internet: www.kdutech.ae
Yneldo Electronics
Roodepoort - South Africa
Tel: +27(0)117637053
Fax: +27(0)117634212
Internet: www.yneldo.com
Cyclect Electrical Engineering
Singapore
Tel: +65 6868 6013
Fax: +65 6863 6260
Internet: www.cyclect.com.sg
Marel Serwis
Szczezin-Mierzyn - Poland
Tel: +48 91 48 58 388
Fax: +48 91 48 79 948
Internet: www.marel.szczecin.pl
An-Elec Sp. z o.o.
Gdynia - Poland
Tel: +48 58 668 44 00
Fax: +48 58 668 44 66
Internet: http://an-elec.pl
See our website www.emri.nl for local suppliers
Version : 24-2-2011 13:46:00
Page 32 of 32

Regulator Type A V1.0

Transcription

Similar documents

dedocool - Dedolight

P4400 KAW spec sheet V4b

Audience Auricap Capacitor Applications

The Z-Brick® is a peice of test equipment to quickly check the

6SL7 Series Tubes

12BH7 TJ FullMusic

6SN7 SE TJ FullMusic

KIRCHOFF`S VOLTAGE LAW: EXAMPLE 1

ModelMCV - Goldberg Systems GmbH

UVx-___SMD Maximum Rating