Volume 6 - 33rd Infantry Division

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Several Bailey bridges of unusual design were constructed under
1136th Engineer Conotruction Group supervision. Among these was the
erection by tlie 340th Engineer Construction Battalion of a 2101 triple-
triple Bailey bridge over the Bued River on the Kennon Road (Highway H)
three miles north of Rosario. The original bridge had been an 3-ton,
one-lone suspension bridge with a timber stiffening truss. This bridge
had been destroyed during the early stages of the Japanese conquest of the
Philippines and only the south tower remained in place. This tower, along
with the other remaining debris, wa3 cleared from the site before work
began.
The coastal highway stretching from Damortis to Aringay, a distance
of 12 miles, was given a bituminous surface treatment because of the
heavy traffic load to be carried from the Port of San Fernando. The job
was assigned to a company of the 340th Engineer Construction Battalion.
The original plan was to prime the road with cut-back asphalt and use
asphalt emulsion for the two seal coats. This was followed for the moat
part but was varied in some places due to the nature of the asphalt
tvailable. The 3/4 and 1/2 inch rock for the two seal coats was produced
by a crusher operated by one platoon of the company. A total of 5il88
yards of earth f i l l , 14,931 yards of gravel, 6,141 yards of crushed rock,
2,300 drums of asphalt, and 600 drums of emulsion were used.
In support of the advance of the combat troops along Highway 5 through
Balete Pass to the Ca&ayan Valley, the 186th Engineer uonstruction Bat­
talion performed road construction which was limited to improving road
surfaces that were breaking down under very heavy traffic and improving
the right of way by extensive clearing, road widening, f i l l i n g and ditch­
ing. The objective was an all-weather tioR that could handle a l l Army
loads through the expected rainy season. The L3R followed the route
Rosales - umingan - San Jose and north on Route 5 through Digdig - Putlan Balete Pass - Santa Fe - Bayombong - Santiago. At Santiago the tSR
shifted to Route 361 through Oscariz to Cayauan where i t rejoined Houte 5
and continued north to Aparri. Work was also required on the secondary
road from San Jose to Bongabong to permit operation of patrols in that
area and the haulinc of lumber from the I Corps sawmill located west of
Dingalan Bay. Another secondary road, between Digdig and Carranglan, was
also repaired to carry 15-ton traffic to Carranglan.
Although the greater part of the engineer effort of the combat engi­
neers in the I Corps zone had been employed on the construction of roads,
the primary concern of the 1136th Engineer Construction Group and i t s
subordinate units was the construction and rehabilitation of bridges. The
dry season had allowed the combat battalions to by-pass or make expedient
repairs to bridges to support the immediate tactical advances, but plans
of the Group were necessarily based on the problems that the approaching
rainy season would cause with respect to bridging along the 1SR of the
advance. Limy different types of bridge replacement and repair problems
were encountered. These included work with steel trusses, reinforced
concrete, and simple timber stringer bridges. Uany had been destroyed or
damaged by a i r strikes or enemy demolitions, while others of light con­
struction had to be replaced or reinforced.
Certain construction policies, based on available troops, equipment
and supplies were evolved to meet known and anticipated needs. Where
clear span bridges had been demolished, every effort was made to rebuild
a structure of similar type. This was predicated on the assumption that
the flood conditions which had dictated the original design could be
expected to recur. To accomplish this, heavy steel trusses were lifted
back into position, broked or twisted members were replaced, concrete
beams were recast and concrete piers straightened, collared or capped.
Bailey or H-20 was used to replace spans that were completely missing.
Rehabilitation of concrete structures was undertaken to achieve better
balance within the constructing battalion, and to use materials not in
c r i t i c a l demand. The construction of timber trestle bent bridges was
held to a minimum because at the scouring action of the flash floods
characteristic of streams in this area, and added use of piles was made.
Also, in several instances, to reduce the volume of construction, existing
Jap built post and trestle bent bridges were repaired or reinforced.
The plan of construction proposed the elimination of ramps by setting
the bearing plates to bring the top of the treadway to road elevation. The
plans also proposed having the lower story underslung with the treadway
placed between the f i r s t and second s t o r i e s . Thi3 method of construction
was selected to simplify the erection and sway bracing problems,even though
i t required the omission of the two end panels of the underslung story.
In order to launch a bridge of this size i t was necessary to construct a
temporary intermediate pier in the center of the span. This pier was made
up of Bailey bridge parts two bays long and six stories high on the far
shore half, five stories high on the near shore half. Rocking rollers
were placed on top of the sixth story at the same height as those on' the
abutments to catch the launching nose as i t came across, .additional
rollers 7/ere placed on top of the fifth story to catch the underslung
panels when they arrived at the tower.
The uiddle story was launched as a triple-single v/ith a 10-bay
launching nose and was purely routine until the nose rested on the inter­
mediute pier. At this tiue the second bay of the middle story of the
bridge liod just cleared the north abutment. From this point on, the
underslung panels were attached concurrently with the middle story panels.
The method of attaching this bottom story was an interesting feature of
the construction. The necessary parts were stocked at the base of the
north abutment and hoisted to a construction platform by trco gin poles,
one at each side. V7orking on the platform, the risen then attached the
panels to the middle story. This operation proceeded at the same speed
as the launching of the middle story of the bridge (Jee Drawing). V/hen
the bridge had been launched to the point where the underslung panels
rested on the rollers on the fifth story of the Intermediate pier the
sixth story of the pier was removed and launching continued until the
triple-double bridge completely spanned the gap and was jacked down into
the permanent abutment bearings.
No difficulty was encountered in placing the top story, transoms,
deck, and sway bracing. The temporary toner was left in place to mLninize
the deflection of the bridge and f a c i l i t a t e placing the third story. A3
a further aid in completing the top story the bridge was jacked up at
the tower to provide a slight camber.
The bridge was experimental and i t was realized that the dead load
was very great in comparison with the live load capacity of 29 tons. The
effect of traffic was closely observed and i t was noted that the initial
set taken at the center of the bridge was 0.9 feet when the intermediate
pier was removed. V/ith a live load of 10 tons at center the sag increased
0.1 feet. <faen the bridge had taken i t s full sag i t was noticed that the
three panel sections of the top story nearest the middle point of both
trusses had been forced out of line causing a zigzag effect with the
bending taken up in tue play at the panel points (See Figure No. 119).
In new construction, the length of the span, stream bed conditions,
non-availability of long piles, and occasionally the tactical situation,
necessitated the use of bridges of other than orthodox timber construction.
H-20 steel truss, and Bailey bridges were used to great advantage, but
due to the shortage of this type bridging, i t became necessary to devise
some means of bridging short spans of from 40' to 65', thus saving the
few available steel bridges for longer spans. This problem was solved
by the use of wood truss bridges. Three types of trusses were designed
by the 1136th Engineer Construction Group. They included a King post
truss for spans up to 34't a liueen post truss for spans of1 from 36' to
46', and a through Howe truss for spans of from 48' to 65 . All chord
members were 12" x 12' timbers and vertical members were steel angles
salvaged from damaged steel bridges. All joints were bolted with 1"
machine bolts. (See Figure Ho. 116). In order to increase the
productivity of the constructing battalions, and to employ the full
potentialities of the personnel of the 510th Light Ponton Company, a plan
was devised and executed for prefabricating the wood trusses at the
campsite of the 510th and transporting them to the site disassembled.
This process enabled the battalion on the job to prepare the abutments
while the trusses were being prefabricated.
Another Bailey bridge of unusual proportions was constructed by the
186th Engineer Coabat Battalion over the togat River, four miles north of
Bambang and six Miles south of Bayombong in Nueva Vizcaya Province. The
project was started shortly after the 37th Division began i t s drive north
of Balete Pass alone Highway 5 into the Cagayah Valley. Reconnaissance
of the site shortly after i t s capture revealed that the bridge was 1,140'
long, about 20' above the river, with 7 spans of l6o' each. Center to
center distances on the pier3 was 162.8 feet. The bridge ran east and
west across a loop of the l.^igat River connecting Bambanp and Bayombong.
From west to east the f i r s t steel span was blown ami wreckage obstructed
the gap; the second steel span was intact, but required deckinf for half
i t s length. The third, fourth and fifth spans were out. The concrete
pier between the third and fourth spans was intact. The pier between the
fourth and fifth spans was timber on a concrete base and needed reconstruc­
tion to be of any use. The sixth span was s t i l l up but the west end had been
knocked off the end bearing and shifted to the north l6", lowering that end
8" from normal. The lower chords of the truss were partially severed at three
places and five 14-inch I-beam floor stringers were cut or partially tarn
loose and needed replacement. Sway bracing required repair and the whole
span required a new floor. The seventh span had a blown upper chord at the
west end of the south truss, and the upper end bracing at the west end was
bent and torn. The south truss sagged 12 inches at the second panel point
because of the cut irember, sway bracing and two 15 inch I-bean floor stringers
were cut, and the whole span required nailing strips and flooring.
Another simple, economical solution for clear span bridges of from
30 to 80 feet in length was developed by the 1136th Group. In order to
maintain efficient engineer support of the rapidly advancing infantry, i t
was necesaary to find a neans of building short, clear span bridges with
a mirvjrmim of labor and easily transported materials. A laicinated wood
girder bridge was found to be an answer to this problem. The wood girders
were constructed with 3" * 12* decking xand 40d n a i l s . The web of the
girder was made up of two layers of 3* 12"s laid together diagonally.
The flanges were of two 3" x 12"s on each side of the web top and bottom
and capped with a third member. Then 40d
nails were driven from both
sides at 4 inch spacing. A typical 601 span far a one-way bridge, 35-ton
capacity employed 4 girders, each 48 inches deep, with a latticed horizon­
tal girder placed between the two center girders for lateral s t a b i l i t y .
Additional stability was later obtained from rigid end bracing and freqient
cross xbraces
between each pair of girders. A total of 4,300 linear feet
of 3 ' I 2 ' I s required for construction of the girders and bracing for
a 60' bridge. (See Figures Ko. 117 and 118).
The east end of the bridge was inaccessible from the road because a
timber bridge approximately one uLle before the bridge had been deuolished.
The tributary unich flowed under this tiitbcr bridge ran down and entered
the ruin river between the fifth and sixth spans of the large bridge. A
180' double-double Bailey bridge was erected at this site to open the road
to the east end of the large bridge. The west span was cleared out and
the material for the bridge assembled.
The plan was to build out, land on the second span, and continue
pushing the bridge through the second span as i t was built fron the nest
ohore, until 620* of the briu^e had been b u i l t . The last 180' would be
dropped off nUen i t was over the f i r s t span and the rest continued until
i t spanned the larje gap. Socking rollers v.ore placed on a l l piers and
plain roller3 at 25 foot intervals on the second span. Nailin^ 3trips
and enough deck to carry the rollers was placed on the f i r s t span. .iTiile
launc'iing of the firat 3pan was underway, construction of the timber pier
was proceeding and also steel repair work on the sixth and seventh apans
be^an. Two sections of H-20 bridge equipment were placed on end footing
under the sagging truss and cribbed up to pencit jacking the truss back
up to position, -six 12-ton hydruulic jacks were used and since the lower
chord hod taken a poruancr.t set, there was ^reat difficulty in straighten­
ing the i.icnbcr.
The speed and simplicity of construction afforded by the use of a
single timber size, in addition to the general availability of 3" timber
due to the ease of ita transportation, gave the nailed, laminated girder
solution considerable importance in planning military bridges where a
clear span was required. The 186th Engineer Construction Battalion which
erected King and Queen post truss bridges as well as the laminated girder
type preferred the l a t t e r because of the rapidity and comparative ease of
construction.
- 202 ­
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and in addition, was responsible for the construction, rehabilitation
and'maintenance of Amy roads north of Manila required for XI Corps and
I Corps operations that could not be handled by the Corps with the troops
available. Troops attached for a l l or part of these missions were as
follows:
When the bridge had been launched and was being periodically moved
ahead to keep ahead of construction, the decking work on the sixth and
seventh spans was started. The timber pier was complete by the time the
launching nose reached it. Several halts in the forward iaovement of the
bridge had to be made to realign the rollers. After the bridge started
across the timber pier, the last 180' was disconnected and halted over
its position. It was lowered onto bearings at each end, but was so placed
that by removing the panels at each end the resulting loO1 truss could be
lowered to the existing pier abutments tnA to deck level. The remaining
500' of bridge continued across, but when the launching nose was 50' from
the east abutment, the timber pier, yielded in the direction of travel.
The great weight and resulting drag on the rollers had been sufficient to
move the upper end of the pier 2 feet out of line. Also, the yielding
had caused shifting of the rocking rollers 3 inches to the north on the
timber pier. Holding cables were immediately applied to prevent further
movement. The upper end of the timber pier was lashed securely to the
Bailey and cable block and tackle were placed on the rear snubbing lines
and used to pull the bridge back until the pier was again vertical. Hold­
ing lines were readjusted, the timber pier rollers realigned, and the
pulling tackle readjusted. Meanwhile, decking the sixth and seventh
spans was proceeding as well as the welding in of the new upper chord
member and other steel work on those spans. Movement of the -bridge was
completed, the long span was lowered to the deck at each end, the launch­
ing nose removed, and the bridge was ready for ramping to carry traffic.
However, since the ponton bridge was in good condition and traffic was
proceeding without "difficulty over the improved by-pass, it was deoided
to lower the bridge down to the piers and make a level flush roadway the
total length of the bridge, eliminating the ramps and facilitating passage
of traffic.
339th Engineer Construction Battalion
27th Engineer Construction Battalion
79th Enginoer Construction Battalion
Detachiiiant, 78lst Engineer Petroleum Distribution
Company
585th Engineer Dump Truck Company
198th Engineer Dump Truck Company
492d Engineer Base Equipment Company
l6l2th Engineer Forestry Company
The long section of three spans of 162.8 feet each required an addi­
tional five feet of bridge to fit down at each end of the piers. Twelve
panels were cut down and rewelded to make the panel pin holes five feet
apart. These were fitted to the erd of the span next to the sixth span,
and the jacking down of the 485 foot span was begun at each of its four
points of support. A total of fifteen 12-ton hydraulic jacks were used
in addition to two 50-ton screw jacks and two Jap 50-ton jacks. The
small hydraulic jacks had to be used in those places which had little
clearance. Trouble was encountered in jacking to have all jacks at one
location carry equal shares of the load. Each jack at some time or other
was severely over loaded and by the end of the jacking down process, all
but two of the hydraulic jacks had ruptured seals or damaged rams. When
the spans were down on the supports, the deck openings were closed and
the timber pier securely fastened to the span ,to insure a vertical load
on the pier, and the bridge was opened to traffic, (See Figures No. 120
and 121).
In addition to the various types of timber and Bailey bridges con­
structed by engineer troops under 1136th Engineer Construction Group super­
vision, there were numerous instances where major repair jobs of badly
dainaged bridges were accomplished. An interesting example of this was
the reconstruction of the Kitura River bridge on Highway 3 about 1/2 mile
north of TJrdaneta. The road was part of the main army and corps supply
line and a permanent type stream crossing was required. The original
bridge over the Mitura was a steel and concrete through type Pratt truss
of seven panels, each 17' 2" long. A demolition charge placed on the
north abutment had destroyed the bridge seats and bearings at that point
and had also dropped that end of the span. The two end panels were com­
pletely wrecked but the other five were intact and apparently undamaged,
with the south end remaining approximately in place and the fifth panel
point buried in two feet of mud. The bridge, in dropping, shifted
upstream so that the final position of the fifth panel point was 18
inches out of alignment and 28 feet below level (oee Figure No. 122).
5,900
144
204
134
13
Most roada required uore work than the Caminero system was able to
supply and on these engineer troops and heavy equipment v/ere used. In
general, work on such roads was that of clearing and installing culverts,
repairing berm, constructing small spillways, revetting shoulders of
roads, repairing retaining walls and bridge approaches. Larger elements
of repair work included extensive widening and resurfacing such as that
required in the Balete Pass area on Highway 5 in support of I Corps. The
large quantities of road metal required were supplied by four gravel pits
operated in central locations in the Group area of responsibility.
In other areas mare extensive and permanent road work was required.
For example, in the road from Dinalupihan to Guagua, pot-holes and surface
breaks were so numerous in the black-topped portions of the road that the
only economical method was to scarify, blade and compact. After compaction,
prime and seal coats were applied. The work was done by the 27th Engineer
Construction Battalion. (See Figure No. 124).
Bridges 1
Bridging in the area of operations of the 1112th Engineer Construc­
tion Group presented few unusual problems. The 40' <4ueen Truss Girder
bridge at Kapintalan was an example of the quality of the work on timber
bridges. This bridge was started by the 186th Engineer Combat Battalion
under I Corps and was about 30?i completed when the job was reassigned to
the 79th Engineer Construction Battalion. (See Figure No. 125). Another
interesting bridging problen arose when on 14 April 1945,. a unit of a
240 mm a r t i l l e r y battery, which weighed approximately 70 tons, was moved
across the Pampanga River bridge north of Cabanatuan, causing the third
pier to settle and the wood trusses of the bridge to sag. In addition,
the scouring action of the river was undermining the same pier. As soon
as this condition was noted, the bridge was limited to 15-ton loads and a
by-paas constructed for heavier vehicles. Instrument readings were taken
daily to ascertain any additional pier movement and to check the possi­
b i l i t y that the span right collapse. After a detailed study was made, i t
was decided to construct concrete collars supported by piles at the bases
of the existinc piers 1, 3, and 5, and key them to the old piers by 12
i n s e r t s . Plans were also made to shim the spans and to reinforce the
l a t t i c e bracing of the spans concerned. Detailed drawings were completed
by the 1112th Encineer Construction Group, and transmitted to the 79th
Engineer Construction Battalion for execution of the work. The stream
channel was diverted and a short-rigged pile driver was used to enable
the leads to clear the bridge structure. The entire project required
3.000 man hours and 500 equipment hours. The various phases of the pro­
ject are clearly shown in a series of photographs; see Figures Ho. 126,
127, and 128.
Instructions were received to restore the bridge to its original
state by reforming the two demolished panels. This task was subdivided
into 5 parts: repairing north abutment, sliding bridge into alignment,
jacking bridge into position, fabricating steel panels, and pouring a new
reinforced concrete floor slab. Many problems were encountered such as
uneven settling of the jacking cribs, fabrication of an improvised jacking
seat, and extensive steel work required in repair of the trusses. Statis­
tics of the completed job were as follows:
Hand labor
Welder
Compressor
Crane
Concrete mixer
Roads 1
The roads in the 1112th Engineer Group Headquarters area of responsi­
b i l i t y presented no unusual problems and will not be covered in d e t a i l .
Work done varied from minor maintenance to extensive rebuilding. For
roads where only snail maintenance problems were encountered the prewar
Caininero system was restored. Under this system Filipino laborers familiar
with the basic olei.ents of road maintenance were employed along stretches
of roads whore the amount of work required was easily accomplished by the
use of hand tools and minor quantities of road material. Immediate super­
vision was provided by the more experienced Filipinos. Coordination of the
work and overall supervision was the responsibility of the engineer unit
charged with the road maintenance in that area. The aystew was valuable
since i t relieved engineor soldiers for more important work, required the
minimum of tools and materials, and provided the constant work necessary
to maintain roads that were not designed for heavy military traffic.
man hours
machine hours
machine hours
machine hours
machine hours
Another problem worthy of mention was that of the modified Bailey
bridge constructed by the 27th Engineer Construction Battalion near Nova­
liches. Conditions at the bridge site were such that only with a modified
Bailey bridge could the span be kept below 100 feet in length. This was
true because the concrete side members of the old concrete bridge could
not be removed without a loss of 40' to 50' of abutiaent at each end, and
also because such a removal would necessitate a large f i l l . I t was
decided, therefore, to retain the original abuti-ents and u t i l i z e a less
than normal width Bailey by constructing three, separate 90' doublesingle girders to be launched individually, using one shears and two
4-ton trucks with winches. The individual trusses were assembled and
launched on rollers in the usual manner. (See "A* of Figure No. 129).
The launching proceeded in a satisfactory manner until approximately 5ft*
of the truss was cantilevered over the gop. At this point the bending
(shown exaCGerated in "B" of Figure No.. 129) was such that there was
danger of oxcess distortion and overturning, and the procedure was uodified.
(3ee "0" of Figure No. 129). •<ith a winch-operated shears supporting the
far end of the truss, the top chord panel pina connecting the truss and the
counterbalance tocether were removed and the near bank end of the counter­
balance permitted to drag on ihe roadway. No further difficulties were
encountered in launching the three trusses. To complete the bridge, tran­
soms were installed over the trusses and cut off where necejaary. (See Figure
No. 130).
Hospitals:
During the period 15 February to 30 June, subordinate units of the
1112th Construction Group constructed nine hospitals. Wherever possible
existing buildings were used, but even the uiost suitable structures
required extensive additions and repair. The work done usually included
(See Figure No. 123).
XI Corps Zone of Action
In the XI Corps zone, the major construction missions were
relatively the same as those in the I Corps except that bridging problems
were generally less complex. This was due in great part to the fact that
the rivers spanned were usually not as wide or as swift-flowing as they
were in the I Corps zone. In addition, the enemy retreated to the Sierra
tladre Mountains from which there was no escape route and where the type
of warfare waged was the slow and difficult type necessary to eliminate
the enemy from his many mountain positions. As a result the engineering
problems were conditioned less by the time factor than they were in the
I Corps zone and the difficulties attendant upon a break-through and
pursuit, such as occurred in the Cagayan Valley drive, were not encoun­
tered. On the other hand, the construction of base f a c i l i t i e s assumed
major proportions.
The 1112th Engineer Construction Group was responsible for the con­
struction of a l l f a c i l i t i e s not undertaken by combat engineers in support
of ground operations In the XI Corps zone. The Group was attached to
XI Corps during the early part of this period, but later passed to control
of Sixth Army with the exception of a detachment which operated froia 29
torch to 7 May with XI Corps. While under Sixth Army control, the 1112th
Engineer Construction Group was responsible for the construction of the
all-weather installations needed for Army supply and service f a c i l i t i e s ,
- 214 ­
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Figure No 131
- 215 ­
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- 216 ­
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A/ip 781 *i
TET^OLEUM
Figure No 133
- 21? ­
l>!iTwe>UT:oA* COMPANY
SAWMILL OrEPATIOAK
Tot
MlLEi
J
Z
Loc;c AT LoAb.^^ TOIAJT * Z , T \ V O
OFfe»!TULOK>^AV MiLL, NUEVA tCUA
O F C T E A M Or&KATE> Hoi^r A T LOAM/M<^
i/l VOO^V TVO MlLE^ ^OUTH O r ^'.
Figure No 134
- 218 ­
SAWMILL
OVERALL
EC:JA,
VIEW O F
LuzoyN, r . I .
OrEbvrio/\K
SAWMILL A T
k:TULOvc,NuEVA
LOOKOUT "TOVPH.. OrE^A7E^ ^y
CO. AAlb f '.LTI/^O C'.V.'L1.AAlf . .
Figure No 135
- 219 ­
M0.136
Contlri/etud
Engineer dump
Conttrucfed
SAN
ILDEFQN3O
Constructed fiat>alr
Rainy
Season
Bivouac
Ar-ea
X
Const- M*ss Hell
SOi ih tnyr Dump Truck Co
(-onat
Moas Hall
I486 th Ertqr. 3t*p Co.
FERNANDO
IPO
kl
;
Q
Const
Rainy
<StrS-69Sth O-U TTUCK Ca
Const Water Toweri//fated
Water Supply For
XZ Carps.
MARIKIHA
Const Rainy
Season QTn
• XT Carps Art-
tS' Timber
Trmst/e Br
11 a' ra Bailey
Bridge
Operated
Gravel Pit
SO SS Bailey
3d
A N I L A
B
A V
IIO'S5 Bailey
Bridge W/Benf
LAG UNA
EDE
BAT
LEGENO
ROADS CONSTRUCTED
­
/?OAOS
I
O
i
?. .t
'I
5
6
7
3
9
IP II 12 /S
I 0 I 2 3-A 5 6 y a 9 to II 12 13 U IS 16 IT IB 19
14 /S
MILES
KILOM£Te*3
27™ENGINEER
CONSTRUCTION
KEY TO OPERATIONS
AMD
CONSTRUCTION
- 220 ­
f en
T
=lMW
effQrt
involved i s indicated by the fact
m a n h o u r s arrf 5 . 3 5 4 e q u i p m e n t h o u r s w e r e e x p e n d e d i n
££?:r
^
t r a c k s , rearrange the motors, p u l l e y s and machinery and t o replace worn
out p a r t s . Although r e h a b i l i t a t i o n began on 1 April i t was not u n t i l 10
(See
June that one side of the m i l l was operating a t I.-MYImum efficiency.
Figures No. 134 and 135).
e th i6000
h p i t l
i i E
Production figures on sawmills in the XI Corps area were as follows 1
The construction of the 36th Evacuation Hospital a t Digdig. Nueva
Jineineer
^a™* ^
Construction Battalion expended 5,000 man hours
and 900 equipment hours in the various ph a 3 e 3 of construction. A n*ss
hall laboratory buildings and a surgery were constructed. A water system
was installed complete with showera and a drainage aystem was provided
All tent floors of the hospital and service buildings were graveled and a
motor park service area as well as roads serving a l l installations of the
hospital were b u i l t . In addition, frames and floors for nuraea quarters
were built with native material. Mo unusual problems were encountered
except in the cose of the water supply which come frcm a stream that waa
so turbid after r a i n f a l l that navy cubes were added to the system to act
as settling tanks. Typical installations are shown in Figure 131.
Name
Kulia
Bitulok
Major constructiaa niaaions were few i n number because of the limited
objectives in the XIV Corps zone. The Lipa a i r s t r i p wa3 placed In
operation by f i l l i n g numerous c r a t e r s , con-pacting the f i l l and resurfacing
with concretfc. At Batangas an e x i s t i n g p i e r with an 18' gap in the middle
was reconstructed, and f a c i l i t i e s for the 54*^ Evacuation Hoapital were
constructed near Lipa.
A sawmill waa put i n operation a t Los Banos from 11 June through 30
June,and during t h a t period produced more than 9,000 FBK per day. Also, i n
San Pablo, the i c e plant was put i n t o operation, and from 29 May t o 28 June
i t produced more than 200,000 pounds of i c e .
15 Lay
200
1 toy
15 toy
15 toy
6 Lay
6 May
30
50
300
1,500
1 Lay
1 Lay
1 Lay
See Figure 133 fee" °i
30
10
40
Army C o n s t r u c t i o n U n i t s
During t h e p e r i o d 15 F e b r u a r y t o 30 J u n e , t h e 9 3 1 3 * E n g i n e e r Con­
1576th
556th
1011th
695th
79th
Engineer
Engineer
Engineer
Engineer
Engineer
Aviation Battalion
Heavy Ponton Battalion
Treadway Bridge Company
Base Equipment Company
Construction Battalion (short period
only)
The work af the 556th Heavy Ponton Battalion and the 1011th Treadway Bridge
Company during their close support of the drive north along Highway 5 into
the Cagayan Valley wa3 covered previously under combat engineering in the
I Corps zone.
During the period a total of 324 miles of road wus repaired and
maintained. Of particular interest in road repair is the raathed employed
in repairing and mintaining tha roads assigned this unit in the area
south of J.!onila. The majority of roads were two-lane, iaacadaa-aurfaced
with pot-holes varying in number from few to many,depending upon the volume
of traffic that went over the road before repairs were started. A precix
material waa made using gravel and asphalt cement cut back with 10^ diesel
fuel. Fir3t, the aggregate was spread to a depth of 4" and a width of 10'
over an untraveled road; then asphalt was spread over the aggregate and
the mix turned over with blades. This process of spreading to a 4" depth
and spraying asphalt over the aggregate was continued until the mix
became workable. I t developed that about U by volume of asphalt waa the
Two prenar cofl^rcial sawmills were placed back in operation in the
heavily forested Dinfialan Bay area, one at Bitulok and the other at
Dingalan. Both sav/uills were operated by civilians under the super­
s:
AHM3T ENGINEER OPERATIO??S
The units assigned to the 931st Engineer Construction Group were as
follows 1
completed conatruction.
Sawmills i
tiich of the lumber necessary for this construction could not be
obtained from USA503 agencies. Consequently, sawmills were set up and
civilian sawni.ll installations taken over at Tarious points in the 1112th
Group area of operations. On Bataan Peninsula a Corinth aawrnill of
standard army design was set up by the 27th Engineer Conatruction
Battalion a t Kulis,near an area once used as a collecting point for logs
hauled dovm from the foresta of the mountains that form the backbone off
the peninsula. Large quantities of logs felled and yarded were found
nearby and no logging other than the movement of logs to the mill site
was necessary. In addition to native sources, large size bridge timbers
delivered to the sawed 11 Bite from engineer depots, were used for the
production of nearly a l l of the 1* x 2 1 lumber cut.
badly worn and improperly
SECTION XV
atruction Group (Aviation) operated directly under control of Sixth Army.
The engineer missions assigned included the repair and maintenance of
two-way, all-weather roads with the repair or reconstruction of a l l bridge's
to carry 35-ton loads, and the conatruction of mogas installations, hos­
pital facilitiea and dock repairs. The Group operated south of l^anila
during the greater part of this period but when the break-through occurred
in Balete Pass,the repair and improveuent of roads and bridges OIOUR High­
way 5 in the I Corps zone waa also assigned to the Group whose head­
quarters then moved from Canlubang to Solano in the Cagayan Valley.
Construction Time
Lian Hours EauiD Hours
1 May
303,300 bd f t
1.130,861 bd f t
The extent of the e f f o r t expended i a indicated by the f a c t t h a t a
t o t a l of 3t531 l i n e a r f e e t of bridging waa conatructed during the period,
of which about 20% was Bailey b r i d g e . Nearly 400 l i n e a r feet of bridging
received major r e p a i r work. The r e p a i r and maintenance of roads was of
major importance and the t o t a l mileage repaired and maintained by units
of the 1129th Engineer Combat Group was more than 640 miles.
A typical example of the kind of work done on such dump and base
f a c i l i t i e s was the construction of a quartermaster depot at San Jose, Nueva
Ecija Province. The 79th Engineer Construction Battalion constructed ten
100' x 60' and tno 350* x 601 gravel hards tends with the necessary twolane access road. In addition, five 40' x 100* general purpose buildings,
one 40 • x 60 • l u b r i c a i t building, and one 40' x 100' bakery building were
erected. To accomplish this 4,Ol6 man hours and 6,043 equipment hours
were expended. In coordination with this construction,a detachment of the
78lst Engineer Petroleum Distribution Company built a drum-fill point,
tank car discharge nanifold, truck-fill point, one 1,000-barrel diesel
tank, and one 5,000-barrel UT gas tank. The following table indicates
pertinent d e t a i l s of construction.
Drum-Fill Point
Tank Car Discharge
Liir-ifold
Truck-Fill Point
1,000 bbl Diesel Tank
5,000 bbl IS Gas Tank
5,515 bd f t
18.848 bd f t
In the XIV Corps zone south of Kanila t h e problems encountered by
the Corps engineer elements which acted in support of the d i v i s i o n a l engi­
neers were similar t o those encountered by support troopa in the I Corps
a r e a . The 1129th Engineer Combat Group, operating under XIV Corps, was
charged with the close engineer support of the d i v i s i o n a l engineers of
the 11th Airborne and 1 s t Cavalry Diviaions, and the support of the 158th
Regimental Combat Team u n t i l that unit moved t o Legaspi. The 127th Engi­
neer Combat Battalion,of the 11th Airborne Division,and the 8th Engineer
Combat Squadron,of the 1 s t Cavalry, required more than the usual support
since the former was handicapped by lack of necessary equipment due to i t s
apecialized T/E and limited atrength, and the l a t t e r normally operated
over great d i s t a n c e s t o support the rapid movements of the cavalry. To
accomplish t h l 3 support miasion the 1129th Engineer Combat Group nas
aaaigned the 131at Engineer Combat Battalion and the 530th Engineer Light
Ponton Company, p l u s the 1279th Engineer Combat B a t t a l i o n , u n t i l i t waa
withdrawn about 25 March for the Legaspi operation.
and Depots:
Duizps and depots were of primary importance aiaong the base f a c i l i t i e s
constructed by engineer units under the 1112th Engineer Construction Group
in the XI Corps zone. Among the Installations constructed wore an
ordnance service center, a quartermaster supply point, an ordancne ammuni­
tion dump, two signal depots, an engineer depot and a quartermaster depot.
The construction was baaed
on the -Sixth Army directive for rainy season
construction. Nearly " I 1 dumps and depots required the construction of
buildings of various kinds although some utilized civilian buildings which
required only repair or a l t e r a t i o n . Fire breaks, drainage ditches and
gravelled access roads wnH petroleum storage aid distribution points were
frequently necessary. In addition, hardstands and lighting installations
were oade. The expenditure of engineer effort i s clearly indicated by the
fact that 22,326 ™»n hours and 22,508 equipment hours were required for
the construction of these f a c i l i t i e s in the XI Corps zone.
Item
26 Feb-21 Apr
1 Apr-10 Jun
XIV Corps Zone of Action
The L-5 s t r i p at San Fernando was a good example of the work done.
The runway measured 1,200' by 50' but waa l a t e r lengthened 400 feet.
A small hangar, a 100' x 700' apron and an access road were also provided.
The entire runway and apron were given a prime seal coat of asphalt with
gravel chips rolled into the surface. This was accomplished with the
expenditure of 1.657 man hours and 845 equipment hours. (See Figure
No. 132).
Date of
Completion
27th Engr Cons Bn
l 6 l 2 t h Engr For Co
Total
Production
An example of the 'work done by one construction b a t t a l i o n under the
1112th Engineer Construction Group's control i s shown i n Figure No. 136.
Airfield Construction;
Airfield construction during the period assumed considerable propor­
tions even though no tactical dromes were built by the 1112th Engineer
Construction Group u n i t s . All s t r i p s constructed were the evacuation typea
servicing various hospitals and collecting points. Five strips were con­
structed for L-5 and cub planes and three for the C*-64 type of evacuation
plane. Total runway length of these strips amounted to more than 13,000
feet and the work done ranged from the temporary dry-weather type to
permanent, all-weather i n s t a l l a t i o n s . The effort expended amounted to
10,329 nan hours and 9,995 equipment hours.
Work Order
deceived
Average Daily
Output
Unit
The
- 221 ­
KOAP Co/I^TP.UCT.iOAl
HHIHHil
ASPHALT liEAT!Al£ TLA/NT !Mr^OV!^E& fc>Y ^ 9 E U
E / I G ^ E C P . fe»ACE EQUIPMENT CoMfAAiy.
HEATED CUT-IACK
TKO\A C O O K E D
4HO\V/I
A^OVE
COMM/JEP
MixEfk TRAILER.-MOU/JTEP
VOK MofciL'jy. ^s'-ii E^^i/iEER. l>Ait EQUIPME/JT CoMrA^y..
VITM
£^AVEL
IAJ C E M E N T
MIXER..
Figure No 137
- 222 ­
rR.gpAR.AT!OAi O r
!/M
HOLE
POTHOLE.
- 223 ­
EAST 6.EPOP.C
AV.AT'.OAi kATTAL'.OA.
1676 *i
J A C f E t> UP .
F.EMOVED. 1876 ik
Figure Uo 139
- 224 ­
A^TMALT
^ATTAL!O/t.
L/MGI^EEJL AV'ATIO/J
P L A C E .
1876
&>ATTAL!OAI .
Figure No 140
- 225 ­
!L O f
AV!AT!O/*
Ik
Ik
AVIATION
Figure No 141
- 226 ­
DUMP
AERIAL
VIEW
OF A^My
E^IC/IEER, DUMP A T
£AN JCKE, /JUCVA ELCIJA
^CTA'.L Or
AfeOVE
Figure Uo 142
- 227 ­
The main water supply problem, as anticipated, developed in the
Manila area. The condition of the city water system, and the importance
of the Novaliches and Balara installations*as well as the overall plan for
rehabilitation,have been covered in Section IX of this report. However,
during the work of rehabilitation, much of the task of supplying the
minimum water requirements of the population of Manila was carried on by
Army units and the 1504th and 1520th Engineer Water Supply Companies,
operating under UaASOS control.
Supply
In the latter part of February, the 5202nd Engineer Construction
Brigade passed from Sixth Army to OliASOS control, and the Army Engineer
Supply Officer took control of supply activities in the Army Service
Area, which included the operation of engineer dumps at Tarlac and San
Fernando, Pamponga. During the early part of March, each Corps was
provided with a depot platoon, and engineer maintenance companies were
attached to I and XIV Corps. No maintenance companies were available for
support of JQ uorps or Army troops. Requireiiients of each Corps for general
supplies were oentralized in the Corps dump. Where practicable these
requirements were consolidated prior to forwarding to Army, and in other
oases the requirements were merely collected. Army determined the
priority of issue, ciade arrangements for release of controlled items, and
coordinated shipping from bases to dumps or direct to Job s i t e s .
average amount required. The premix was then left in a windrow alongside
the road to be used when needed. Filipino laborers were utilized to the
greatest possible extent in repairing the holes. The Filipinos had been
accustomed to repairing the road surface by hand, placing gravel in the
holes by layers and pouring heated asphalt cement over each layer. This
system was found altogether too slow to cope with the rapidity with which
the roads were breaking up due to the amount and type of traffic, and
therefore,the premix method was developed and the laborers instructed in
i t s use. (See Figures No. 137 and 138.)
Aggregate for the premix was not readily available south of Manila.
A civilian quarry was located in Los Banos, Laguna Province,but the bank
was composed of a high percentage of clay mixed in with stone varying
from 2" in diameter up to boulders. It was necessary to crush the aggre­
gate to make i t into a workable gradation, but the 25-ton an hour crushing
plant could not remove the clay which constantly clogged the dust screen.
To overcome this difficulty, a washing system was improvised and installed
into this plant, making i t a wet plant. All the clay was washed out of
the aggregate and the resultant material was excellent for premising opera­
tions.
During the period, the units under the 931st Engineer Construction
Group repaired or constructed 5,334 linear feet of bridging, exclusive
of treadway bridges. One bridge at Paranaque, just south of Manila,
presented an interesting problem. One-half of the piers had been demol­
ished causing the deck to drop three feet. While work on th« recon­
struction was being done, a treadway bridge was installed downstream.
Temporary piles were driven and the canted span jacked into place. For
details of the reconstruction, see Figures 139, HO and lAl.
The Tarlac engineer dump was closed out approximately 1 March 1945*
At that time the following dumps were in operation!
Dump
I Corps
XI Corps
XXV Corps
Army
Although roads and bridges occupied the greater part of the engi­
neer effort of the Qroup, many other projects were undertaken. A large
bulk petroleum installation for storage and distribution was erected at
Batangas. In addition, cub strips at Guimba and Los Banos and Canlubang
were constructed.
Due to opening of the port of Batangas, i t was a l s o necessary for the XIV
Corps t o operate a small engineer dump at that p o i n t . Furthermore, when
XI Corps operations shifted from the general v i c i n i t y of Bataan t o the
area east of Manila, a change in the l o c a t i o n of the Corps dump was
necessary, and a new dump was opened at San I l d e f o n s o . The Culis dump
was closed out by transfer of supplies to the new Corps dump and by
release of surplus items t o Base "X" at Manila.
Happing
Normally, an Army type topographic battalion is assigned to Army
Headquarters and a Corps type company to each Corps. During the greater
part of the Luzon campaign, Sixth Army had only 3 Corps type companies to
do all of the work for Army and 3 Corps. This shortage of topographic
mapping units made i t necessary to organize the three companies so that
the maximum production would be achieved. To do so the following units
were grouped under the technical control of the 1679th Engineer Survey
Liaison Detachment:
69th
670th
671st
1603rd
1623rd
Engineer
Engineer
Engineer
Engineer
Engineer
Place
Rosales
Culls
Canlubang
San Fernando, Pampanga
Grace Park, Manila
Under t h i s sytem of operation, Corps dumps maintained from 10 t o 20
days supply of a l l c l a s s e s , ./here troops available t o Corps included a
maintenance conmany, t h i s maintenance caopany operated a parts sub-depot
for a l l troops supported, i s s u i n g parts from i t s stocks or transmitting
r e q u i s i t i o n s t o the USJISQS parts depot at Manila and bringing available
parts back to the dump to be picked up by the u n i t s . Where maintenance
companies were not a v a i l a b l e , the r e q u i s i t i o n s were c o l l e c t e d by the
depot cor^iany and processed, or individual units were directed to the
parts depots.
Topographic Company
Topographic Company
Topographic Company
Map Depot Detachment
Model Making Detachment
The io79th En^neer survey liaison Detachment planned the production
and distribution of caps and relief models under the direction of the Army
Engineer aad supervised and coordinated the napping activities of the
topographic cajpanies. To accomplish this, the Detachment was organized into
a I'jip Planning .Section, Survey Control Section, Editing oection, Map
rleprodiction and Distribution Section, and Topographic Supply Section.
*11 map projects were planned and the photography, survey control, and
other refere.-.ce r.iaterial assembled frcm the Detachment's files before the
job was given to the topographic units. '.Yhen completed maps were returned,
they were given a Thorough check by the Editing Section before being issued
to troops.
The Survey Control Section maintained complete files of survey data.
Periodic reports were received from Engineer survey platoons of both Corps
and Arny. This information was supplemented by survey data obtained from
Philippine Government Agencies and from civilian engineers. In all, the
descriptions and coordinates of approximately 6,000 stations in the
Philippines were recovered. Many of the coordinates of stations obtained
from the Philippine Government were expressed in a local metric system of
rectangular coordinates, which required conversion to the Philippine Poly­
conic Grid before bein^ used by our troops. Over 1,000 of the transforma­
tions were made by the Survey Control Section.
Tabulated below i s a summary of the tonnages on hand, received and
issued i n Corps and Arny dumps f o r the period 5 t o 15 A p r i l , a s an example
of the tonnage handled through these dumps. At the tine of t h i s report,
the Arny engineer dump at San Fernando, Pampanga, was being operated by
two depot platoons, while a l l others were operated by a s i n g l e depot
platoon.
•Received
Army - San Fernando
Army - Grace Park
I Corps - Resales
XI Corps - Culis
XIV Corps - Canlubang Batangas
Total
296
254
I.803
85
I33U
349
334
262
633
281
205
693
306
3.336
2,165
On Hand
3.258
2,305
453
1.753
401
_879
9.049
• Includes direct hauls and shipments diverted to jobs.
The Topographic Supply Section, consisting of one officer and one
enlisted mn, functioned as liaison to the Sixth Army Supply 3ection where
they aided in locating and procuring critical topographic supplies. The
establishoent of a central supply agency in the Army Engineer 3upply Section
upon which requisitions could be made improved the topographic supply
situation considerably.
During the period, the 1623rd Engineer Lodel Making Detachment further
developed a field method of casting terrain models in rubber to produce a
light, .flexible relief map which could be rolled or folded. This type was
far superior to the papier-mache or plaster construction waich is fragile,
bulky and difficult to handle. A related development used for much the same
purpose as models was the approach sketch. Approach sketches made consisted
of perspective renderings in pencil made from contour maps and flight
strips, printed in three colors.
In anticipation of the advance through Balete Pass into the Cagayan
Valley, an Army engineer dump site was selected at San Jose, Nueva Ecija,
This location was on Highway 5, the main supply route, and was also at the
end of the railroad branch line. The area reserved was approximately 55
acres and was laid out and developed prior to arrival of the first supplies.
A portion of the hardstands was developed into crowned roadways approxi­
mately 50' wide Y/hich were quite effective in the storage and handling of
small supplies, such as Bailey bridge parts, and were much superior to the
conventional arrangeraent where ditches were placed between the road and
hardstands. Figure No. 142 illustrates this construction. For the period
15 to 25 June, the San Jose engineer dump, operated by two depot platoons,
received 2,333 tons, issued 1,940 tons, and at the close of the period had
on
hand 3,646 tons of engineer supplies. The railroad was used to the
mnrlrn nl
" in delivering supplies to this dump frot Lin^ayen and tonila
depots.
The 1436th Engineer LGaintenance Company was placed under XI Corps
control on 1 May, thus giving each Corps i t s own engineer maintenance unit,
which, in addition to performing maintenance operations, served as a
spare parts sub-depot for all units of the respective Corps. This
was very satiaiactory and resulted in better parts service than had been
obtained in any previous operation.
Water Supply
Experience in this operation indicated that where Corps were
separated and operating on substantially independent missions, the most
effective engineer logistic support was obtained by providing each Corps
with necessary depot and maintenance units. These were in reality
advance Army dumps, but for purposes of close control of the Corps Engineer,
they were placed under the respective Corps for operations. Coordination
between the Corps and Army Engineers insured choice of dump locations
which best fitted the overall supply pj.an and enabled Arny to relieve the
Corps of the operation of their rearward dumps. The grouping of engineer
supply and maintenance units provided a central point from which units
drew Class II and IV supplies and spare parts and obtained maintenance
service.
During the period 15 February to 30 June 1945.no unusual water supply
problems were encountered. The engineer units in support of ccnobat troops
were able to supply a l l their needs without difficulty. In rear areas,
Army units near civilian water systems often took over their operation
and maintenance, supplying water for civilian and Army needs. For the
uost part, civilian equipment was used, but where disuse or enemy action
had rendered that equipment unserviceable i t was necessary for Army equip­
ment to be used in conjunction with civilian systems. Some difficulties
were encountered in all areas as a result of units removing their water
points without arranging for replacement with higher headquarters, but
these errors were quickly corrected.
- 228 ­
S e o t i o n XVI
CONCLUSIONS
The fallowing conclusions are based on analysis of operations on
Luzon but they are generally applicable to and are supported by the
experience gained in other operations conducted by Sixth Army in the
Southwest Pacific. These conclusions are general in nature. More
specific conclusions and reccraneadations can be obtained frcm the history
of engineer operations of Sixth Army throughout operations in the south­
western and western Pacifio Ocean and from the reports of various opera­
tions In which Sixth Army has participated.
e_. The engineer special brigades are superior to other types
of organizations, Army, Navy, Uarine or any combination thereof, for
organizing the beaches and handling personnel and supplies from ship to
shore. The local engineer special brigade or boat and shore regimental
comnander should, under the local ground force tactical commander, control
all operations from snip to shore except for the landing of the assault
troops.
f_. Camouflage units are not needed in mobile warfare of this
type where control of the air is almost complete because the time element
does not penult effective work. For defensive warfare all units should be
trained in camouflage.
3.
ja« The engineer must be glTen wide latitude in the direction
of operations of engineer troops as rapidly ohanging situations render
formal staff action impracticable in moat instances.
£ . Unity of ccnmana of construction operations, including army,
base, and air force ground installations, i s essential during the initial
phase of operations and should be rested in the army or task force
commander.
^
a,. Since the heaviest tanks available accompany leading combat
eleuenta, division engineers must be prepared to construct heavy bridges
where fords or bypasses cannot be used. Division plans should therefore
provide for Bailey bridging to constantly aocompany the leading engineer
troops.
b. The combined infantry - engineer operation for the surprise
capture of bridges before being blown by the enemy should be emphasized
and perfected.
. • - " • " )
C. 4? ^ a e tar"1 "initial phase" of an amphibious operation should
extend from D-day to the date when balanced stocks of operationally
essential supplies are established in the objective area and should not
be solely based on the date when the tactical situation Is considered in
hand.
d_. The organization of the engineer section of an army should
be revised along the lines indioated in Section I of this Annex.
e_. The organization of the corps engineer section should be
revised to permit a greater volume of supervision and a wider range of
technicians corresponding to the diversified types of professional
experience required.
t_. Where an army i s operating on a broad front, there should be
an Army - Corps - Division engineer radio net to obtain and disseminate
promptly technical reoonnaissance information and to effectively coordi­
nate the use of engineer troops and equipment. In addition, this net
should be expanded or an additional net provided for the handling of
engineer supply matters.
£. The unit engineer should be used Dy his commander as a
atafr officer just as he uses his G-3. The engineer should be kept fully
informed as to the tactical objectives and his technical knowledge used
to the maximum in order that the feasibility of providing adequate engi­
neer support may be determined prior to the issuance of orders rather
than after they are issued. The staff relationship between G-3 and the
Engineer should be equally as close as the relationship between the
latter and G-4.
h. An operation of this nature, under normal weather conditions,
requires a ml n't MM of nine construction battalions and 15 non-divisional
combat battalions for proper support of combat troops, exclusive of base
operations and airdrome construction. Close coordination between the G-3
and unit engineer of each echelon i s essential in the planning and execu­
tion of operations of the type normally encountered in the amphibious and
mobile warfare of the present day. Timing and manner of execution of
various phases of the Luzon campaign required careful analysis of the
engineer problems in almost every instance.
2.
Operations
Troops
4 . The engineer construction brigade should be a permanent type
War Department organization for the control and coordination of base con­
struction projects aixl the work necessary to establish lines of communica­
tions for an army.
b. An engineer service group should be devolved and organically
assigned each corps and army in order to provide adequate engineer supply
and maintenance support.
.c. The division engineer component should be increased to a
regiment of two battalions in order to provide better supervision of
engineer operations, increased engineer strength and a stronger engineer
supply organization within the division. The regimental headquarters
should be large enough to supervise the administration, operations and
supply of other engineer units that frequently must be attached, such
as dump truck companies, and bridge units.
d,. The engineer combat groups and non-divisional combat
battalions should be abolished and a corps combat regiment of three
battalions substituted therefor. This regiment should have a strong
headquarters and service company for effective administration and supply
of the organic battalions and other engineer units such as dump truck
companies and bridge units that may be attached from time to tine. There
has been too much academic discussion of and provision for flexibility in
this war at the expense of administration and esprit de corps.
c.. The unit engineer should be used by his commander as a
staff officer Just as he uses his G-3. He should not be told hen to dis­
pose the organic engineer troops but be perc.itted to work out the best
plan to attain the general objective if, in sooe cases, changes in the
details of tactical plans become necessary to make tne overall plan
feasible.
d.. The rate of monthly precipitation and nature of soils and
availability of surfacing material affects tactical mobility to a far
greater degree than most commanders realize. More instruction and
emphasis are needed in service schools in this respect.
e_. The reconstruction of a developed country requires far less
time and effort than new construction even when destruction has been
heavy.
_^
1
1 f. Divisions should be trained to ford, bypass, or construct
•shoo fliel" rather than rebuild bridges, unless no alternative exists.
However, divisions should be required to maintain roads over which they
pass until relieved by corps or army, in order to prevent serious deteriora­
tion of existing roads.
£. Mountain warfare requires the same dozer power as jungle waxfare. Our heavy equipment in mountain warfare was capable of building roads
and tracks to precipitous heights over 3,000 feet. This meant that supply
and evacuation vehicles could reach our troops while the Jap had to carry,
and was an important factor in his defeat.
h. Ccmuanders should invariably establish current engineer con­
struction priorities within limits of efficient use of laeana available.
They should fully understand the necessity lor balancing equipment on a
job. Dispersion of engineer means is apt to be as fatal as dispersion of
tactical effort.
JL. Engineer units of all echelons must be provided with the
means for maintaining continuous reconnaissance well forward and must be
required to stress tills phase of their operations.
4. Maps and Reproduction
&. Mapping for the U3e of ground forces will never be satisfac­
tory until the control of photographic planes and development of photo­
graphy is given to the ground forcea.
t>. Approach maps are of great value to lorwaxd elements. Develop­
ment along these lines in lieu of using models should be emphasized.
c.. Corps topographic companies are essential when corps ore
widely separated from army and virtually unmapped territory is the scene
of operations. Otherwise they should be placed directly under army con­
trol.
5.
Engineer Supply
a.. When transportation is short, the engineer service is
invariably thrown on it3 own means to get the job done. Therefore, present
unit dump truck capacity should be maintained.
t>. In rapid movement overland, engineer supply should De
designed to follow troops in the order in which the materials are neeaed,
equally as well planned and provided for as amnunition.
c. Engineer supply in a fast moving series of amphibious opera­
tions should never be baaed on the diversion of shipping. It must be real­
ized by all commanders and dOo personnel that engineer supply in type,
quantity and order of receipt of items must be tailored to the physical
conditions prevailing in tne objective area, insofar as practicable.
S. D. STURGIS, JR.,
Brigadier General, U.S.A.,
Engineer.
AVFWDIlfL NUMBER ONE
Shipping Schedule l o r
Engineer Units
M-l Operation
- 231 ­
Det,
Det,
.Det,
Det,
SHUPING SCHEDULE FOR
ENGINEER UNITS
M-l OPERATION
3IXTH ARMST UNITS
671 Engr Topo Co
506 Engr L Ponton Co
69 Engr Topo Co
556 Engr Hvy Pan Bn
I Corps unit
LSD - Hollaniia t o Blue Beach
Oet, I060 Engr port Const & Hepair
3-Day
S / 30
Units
1ST - Layte t o Blue aid Yellow - crimson Beach
556 Engr Hvy Pon Bn ( l e s a Dot)
1011 Bngr Treadway Bridge Co
Det Hq & Hq Co, 5202 Engr Const Brig
671 Engr Topo Co ( l e s s Det)
H<1 4 Hq Co, 1136 Engr Const Gp ( l e s s Dot)
LST - IJorotai to Blue Beach
Det, Hq & Hq Co, 931 Engr Const Gp (Avn)
Det,"841 Engr Avn Bn
Det, I876 Engr Avn Bn
Co B. 796 Engr Forestry Bn
I Corps unit
I Corps unit
A300M Unit
.LST - Hollandia to Blue Beach
Det, 1913-Engr Avn Bn
Det, 1879 Engr Avn Bn
LSD - Oro Bay t o Blue Beach
Dot, Ha 4 Hq. Co, 4 Engr Spec Brig
Liberty - Mine Bay and oro Bay to Blue Beach
745 Engr Hvy Shop Co
1ST - Leyte to Blue Beach
ASCQM unit
Det, 4 Engr Spec Brig
Det Hq. 4 Hq, Co 5202 Bngr Const Brig
From Bougainville on XIV Corps shipping
1519 E^g1* Water Sup Co
S / 2
3/35
LST - Marotai t o Blue Beach
Det Hq 4 Hq. Co, 931st Engr Const Gp
841 Engr Avn Bn ( l e s s Det)
1ST - Hollandia t o Blue Beach
186 Engr ( c ) Bn (ND) ( l e s s Det)
782 Bngr Pet Dist Co
Liberty - Sansapor to Blue Beach
571 Engr Dump Trk Co
Liberty - Biak t o Blue Beach
Det, 689 Engr Base Equip Co
Det, 863 Engr Avn Bn
Det, 510 Engr L Ponton Co
LST - Layte t o White Beach No. 3
1913 Engr Avn gn ( l e a s Det)
(See Note ( 2 ) )
I Corps unit
3/40
LST - Leyte t o Orange - Green Beaoh
I879 Engr Avn Bn ( l e s s Det)
2870 Bngr Serv Det ( u t i l i t i e s )
From Finschhafen an ASCQM shipping
Det, 439 Engr Dep Co
NOTES: ( 1 ) The 5^5 Engineer Dump Truck Company was deleted from
the M-l operation by GHQ on 18 January 1945­
APA & AKA - Oro Bay t o Blue Beach
Det Hqt & Hq Co, 4 Engr Spec Brig
(2)
From Finschhafen on ASCQM shipping
Det 759 Bngr parts Sup Co
439 Engr Depot Co ( l e a s Det)
Arrived on 3 / 18
A3C0M UNITS
3-Day
3/4
LST - Layte t o Blue Beach
Hq. & Ha Co, 5202 Bngr Const Brig ( l e s s Dots)
69 Bngr Topo Co ( l e s s Det)
Det 671 Engr Topo Co
506 Engr L Pon Co ( l e s s Det)
Det 1879 Bngr Avn Bn
1491 Bngr i s d n t Co
414 Bngr Dump Trk Co ( l e s s Det)
641 Engr camouflage Co ( l e s s Det)
642 Bngr Camouflage Co ( l e s s Det)
Units
Orange Beach
Depot Co
Base Equip Co ( l e s s Det)
Avn Bn ( l e s s Det)
Remarks
LSD - Hollandia t o White Beach No. 2
I060 Engr Port Const & Repair Gp ( l e s s Det)
I Corps Unit
LST - Morotai t o Yellow - crimson Beach
836 Engr Avn Bn
From Biak and Morotai on I corps shipping
Det, Hq & Hq Co, 1178 Engr Const Gp
Det, Hq & Hq Co, 1180 Engr Const Gp
LST - Marotai t o White Beach No. 3
I876 Engr Avn Bn ( l e s s Det}
LST - Leyte t o
391 Bngr
689 Engr
863 Bngr
iUSCOk' Unit
ASCOMUnit
From Biak
From Morotai
LST - Marotai t o Yellow - crimson Beach
6l7 Engr Base Equip Co
Hq & Hq Co, 1180 Engr Const Gp ( l e s s Det)
1384 Engr Pet Dist Co
Liberty - Hollandia t o Blue Beach
Det, 186 Engr (C) Bn (ND)
695 Engr Base Equip Co
APA - MLlne Bay to White Beach No. 2
Hq & Hq Dot, 5208 Engr Serv Gp
From Morotai an ASCQM shipping
Hq 4 Hq Co, 931 Engr Const Gp (Avn) ( l e s s Det)
APH and AEA - Finschhafen to White Beach No. 2
Det, 759 Bngr parts Sup Co
439 Engr Depot Co
Det, 5252 Engr Base Dep Co
LST - Leyte t o White Beach No. 3
Det, I913 Engr Avn Bn
Army Unit
Army Unit
LST - IJorotai t o Orange - Green Beach
43 Engr Const Bn
LOT - Leyte to Blue Beach (separate convoy)
Det, II36 Engr Const Gp
S/ 4
LST - Biak to White Beach No. 2
828 Engr Avn Bn (less Det)
864 Engr Avn Bn
3/12
Liberty - Ennrau to Blue and Yellow - crimson Beach
573 Engr Dump Trie Co
Liberty - Finschhafen to Blue Beach
Dat, 1679 Engr Serv Det (Survey Liaison)
Det, 759 Engr Parts Sup Co
Dot, 414 Engr Dump Trk Co
1420 Engr Serv Det (s/L m i n t )
Dot, 5252 Engr Base Dep Gp
ASCQM unit
LST - Morotai to Yollcw Beach
Hq & Hq Co, 931 Ea^r Const Gp (Avn)(less Det)
Liberty - Milne Bay to White Beadh No. 2
774 Engr Dump Trk Co
I Corps unit
Liberty - Hollandia to White Beach No. 2
5212
Det,
I361
5213
Liberty - Oro Bay to Blue Beach
Det, Hq & Hq Co 4 Engr Spec Brig
S / 18
LST - Leyte to Blue Beach
585 Engr Dump Trk Co
Det, 642 Engr Camouflage Co
I679 Engr Serv Det (Surv Liaison) (less Det)
ASCQM Unit (see Note ( 1 ) )
Engr
I060
Engr
Engr
Serv
Engr
Dump
Serv
Gp Hq
Port Const & Repair Gp
Trk Co
Gp Hq
Liberty - Biak t o Blue Beach
Hq & Hq Co, 1178 Engr Const Gp ( l e s s Det)
I896 Engr Avn Bn
LST - Biak t o Yellow Beach
810 Encr Avn Bn
- 23-2 ­
Army Unit
From Layto on A m y shipping
391 Engr Dep Co
(See Note (1))
From L9yte on organic shipping in slow tow
757 Engr Parts Sup Co
495 Bngr Hvy Shop Co
I46l Engr Bt icdnt Co
3 / 2
(See Note (1))
(See Note (1))
LST - Hollandia t o I Corps Beach
79 Engr Const Bn ( l e s s 1 Co)
S J. 12
Liberty - Oro Bay to .Thite Beach No. 2
769 Engr Dump irk Co
L3T - Hollandia t o I Corps Beach
1504 Engr Water Sup Co ( l e s s n e t )
prom Emirau on Anqr shipping
573 Engr Dun?) Trk Co
MOTS1
( 1 ) Arrived 3 / 18
(2) Arrived S / 30
S / 18
XTV CORPS UNITS
From Hollandia on Army shipping
Det, 1060 Engr Port Const and Repair Gp
3-Day
3/30
LST - Biak to White Beach
871 Engr Avn Bn
Det, 828 Engr Avn Bn
LST - Bougainville t o 37th Division Beach
L424 Engr Serv Dot (Mob s / L Mdnt)
(See Note (2))
LST - Hollandia to White Beaoh
870 Engr Avn Bn
LST - Leyte t o 40th Division Beach
530 Engr Lt Pon Co
(See Note (3))
LST - Bougainville t o 37th Division Beaoh
131 Engr Combat Bn (ND)
1129 Engr Combat Gp
From Bougainville on XIV Corps shipping
1042 Engr Gas Qen unit
From l&rotai on Army shipping
Co B, 796 Engr Forestry Bn
(See Note (4))
From lAlne Bay on Army shipping
745 Engr Hyy shop Co
L3T - Bougainville t o 40th Division Beaoh
(See Note (4))
3/40
LST - Finschhafen to White Beach
I872 Sngr Avn Bn
773 Engr Dump Trk Co
874 Engr Avn Bn
(See Note (2))
LST - Bntrau to White Beach
1517Engr Water Sup Co
LST - Bougainville t o 37th Division Beach
1425 Engr Serv Det (Mab s / L Wiint)
963 Engr Ifeint Co
1520 Engr Water Sup Co
670 Engr Topo Co
(See Note (2))
LSI - Oro Bay and Finschhafen to White Beach
3014 Bngr Hunt Co
730 Engr Dep Co
(Oro Bay)(See Note (2))
(Finsch )(See Note (5))
Liberty - Oro Bay to White Beach
1312 Engr Gen Serv Regt (less 1 Bn)
Liberty - Finschhafen to White Beach
5252 Engr Base Dep Gp ( l e s s Det)
Det, 874 Engr Am Bn
Det, 439 Engr Dep Co
1542 Engr Surv Co
NOTES:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Army Unit
(See Note (6))
units arrived on S / 18
unit has not arrived
Arrived on S / 60
Arrived on S / 40
Arrived on S / 77
Arrived on 3 / 35
I CORPS UNITS
3-Day
LST - LWrotai t o ( I Corps Beach)
1420 Engr Serv Det (w>b s / L i » i n t )
LST - Sansapor t o
Surv p l a t , 671 Engr Topo Co
LST - Hollandia t o
Det, II36 Engr Coast Op
Det, 1504 Bngr Water dup Co
(See Note ( 1 ) )
LST - Sansapor t o 6th D i v i s i o n Beach
543 Sngr Boat and Shore Regt ( l e s s Bt Bn)
LST - Aitape t o 43 D i v i s i o n Beach
533 Sngr Boat and 3hore Regt ( l e s s Bt Bn)
L3T - Hollandia t o I Corps Beach
972 Engr l.»int Co
1 Co, 79 Engr Const Bn
(See Note ( 2 ) )
LST - Leyte t o I Corps Beach
LL36 Ener Const Gp ( l e s s Det)
671 Sngr Topo Co ( l e s s Surv p l a t )
LST - Biak t o I Corps Beach
510 Engr Lt Pon Co
LST - itorotai t o I Corpa Beach
340 Engr Const Bn
LSD 4 LST - Sansapor t o 6th D i v i s i o n Beach
Boat Bn, 543 Engr Boat and Shore Regt
1462 Engr Bt l » i n t Co
LSD 4 LST - Aitape t o 43d D i v i s i o n Beach
Boat Bn, 533 Engr Boat and Shore Regt
- 233 ­
(See Note ( 1 ) )
APPENDIX NUMBER TWO
Engineer Annexes
To Field Order
Number 3k
- 235 ­
of responsibility by other agencies.
j
S-E-C-R-E-T
t
»Authi CG SIXTH ARtflfi
i l n i t i / a / CDS
:
iDatei 20 NOT 1944 i
ANNEX 8 t o FO 3k. Engineer.
(c)
(2) Corps commanders will i n i t i a l l y be responsible for a l l con­
struotion in the Army Base area within their respective zones
of action, except avgas, airdromes, and permanent port and
base f a c i l i t i e s , until relieved on directive of this Head­
quarters either by the Commanding General, Sixth Army Service
Connsmd, or the Ccmnanding officer, 5202d Engineer Construction
Brigade.
HEADQUARTERS SIXTH ARlff
A. P. 0. 442
2300 I 20 November 1944
References 1
a.
Map:
£.
Maps, Reports and Terrain Studies, Appendix 1.
£.
Liap Supply, Appendix 2 .
d_.
L i s t of Naval I n s t a l l a t i o n s , Appendix 3 .
1.
GENERAL
Allocation of Areas, Inclosure 6 t o Administrative Order 16.
£.
Bivouac Areas.
initial engineer bcrvouac areas for all Army troops, including those
assigned to 5202d Engineer Construction Brigade, are indicated
in Appendix 2 to Annex 7a, FO 34­
2.
SPECTAL ENGINEER US3ICK3.
a.
The general organization for Engineer Operations follows1
_a.
Echelons under d i r e c t control of Sixth Army.
I Corps willj
(1)
Be prepared to develop as an axial road the following route 1
Route 251 from RABCN to SAN JACINTO, PAHGA3IHAN, Route 255
to URDANETA — Route 3 to intersection with Route 8, South
of VILLASIS, PANGA3INAN - Route 8 to Northern terminus of
Route 15 near ROSALES, PANGA3INAN - Route 15 to Junction with
Highway No. 5 at BALOC, NDBVAECIJA - Route 5 to PLARIDEL.
(2)
Be prepared to construct lateral roads as required within the
Corps boundaries, coordinating in the development with
XIV Corps for such roads lying between the Corps axial roads.
(1) 'Corps 1 I and XIV.
(2)
Sixth Army Service command.­
(3)
158th Infantry Regimental Combat Team.
(4) Units in Arny Reserve.
b.
(5) 5202d Engineer Construction Brigade.
(6) 4th Engineer Special Brigade (less deta).
XIV Corps will!
(1)
Be prepared to develop as an axial road the following route i
Route 26l from LINGAYEN to SAN CARLOS, PANGASDiAN - Route 273
to 1ALASIQJJE - Route 251 to CAHILING - Route 55 to Junction
with Route 3 near PANIQJOI - Route 3 to PLARIDEL.
(2)
Be prepared to construct lateral roads as required within the
Corps boundaries, coordinating in the development with I
Corps for such roads lying between the Corps axial roads.
Jb. Unit E"fHneers
Each of the above units will designate a unit Engineer who will
be responsible for and directly control all engineering opera­
tions, supply, and organizations assigned to the unit but not as­
signed to a subordinate unit.
£.
to the above echelons.
5202d Engineer Construction Brigade.
1179th Engineer Construction Group (Hq & H<1 Co)
841st Engineer Aviation Battalion
863d Engineer Aviation Battalion
1913th Engineer Aviation Battalion
1879th Engineer Aviation Battalion
1876th Engineer Aviation Battalion
556th Engineer Heavy ponton Battalion
506th Engineer Light Ponton Company
414th Engineer Dump Truck Company
571st Engineer Dump Truck Company
689th Engineer Base Equipment Company
695th Engineer Base Equipment Company
1491st Engineer Maintenance Company
1519th Engineer Yater Supply Company
759th Engineer Parts Supply Company
1011th Engineer Treadway Bridge Company
782d Engineer petroleum Distribution Company
787th Engineer Base Depot company
641st Engineer Camouflage Company (less dets)
(2) The Naval Service Command, attached to Sixth Army, operating
under the Sixth Army Service Command, will perform a l l
construction in areas allocated to the Navy with troops
assigned for the construction of Naval Base installations.
d_. 158th Regimental Combat Team will request from time to time such
engineer assistance as i s required for the accomplishment of
assigned missions.
£.
d_. Areas of engineer responsibility.
(1)
Corps: Within assigned zones of action in advance of Corps
rear boundaries, except specified projects. (See Par. l e . )
(2)
Sixth AW Service Comaand: 7/ithln the Army Base Area boundary
except specified projects to be prosecuted outside thereof.
(See Par. l<s.)
(3)
158th RCTi Within i t s zone of action.
(4)
Units in Army Reserve 1 Within bivouac areas assigned by this
headquarters and special missions assigned for the protection
and defense of the line of communication.
£.
The 4th Engineer Special Brigade (less 3 Regiments, 3 Mainten­
ance Cos, Led Bn) will be directly attached to Sixth Army
Headquarters and will operate as a Special Staff Section
thereof, until Sixth Army Service Cocmand assumes respons­
i b i l i t y for port operations, at which tiae the Brigade passes
to the operational control of Sixth Army Service Command.
prescribing area responsibility in field orders as in
ld_ above.
(b)
Prescribing exempted projects to be performed in areas
Be prepared on direction of this Headquarters to take over any
or a l l construction in the i n i t i a l Army Base Area, excepting
Sixth Army Service conmand projects exempted in paragraph
2c_.(l) above, and prosecute such work until the Commanding
General, Sixth Army Service Camnand, i s directed to assume
control of the i n i t i a l Army Base Area.
(2)
Be prepared to execute all construction and engineer work in
rear of Corps rear boundaries or specific work directed by
this Headquarters to be performed within Corps zones of
action.
(5)
This Headquarters will coordinate a l l engineer construction
work along the Corps and Amy Base Area boundaries byt
(a)
(1)
f•
Construct two motor transport and diesel fuel pipe lines with
storage tanks and dispensing stations as the Army advances,
to provide refueling points as far forward as possible.
4th Engineer Special Brigade (less 3 Boat and Shore Regiments, 3
Boat Maintenance Companies, and Medical Battalion) will:
(1)
- 236 ­
When directed, assume control of Corps and Division engineer
dumps and responsibility for the engineer supply of the I
and XIV Corps, the Army Reserve, the 158th Infantry Regi­
mental Combat Team, and other units under the direot control
of this headquarters; operate such Army dumps forward of the
Army Base Area boundary as may be directed by this headquarters.
(4) Be prepared by timely reconnaissance and the assembly of
materials to take over all fixed bridging, road construction,
and other heavy construction in the zones of action of the
I and XIV Corps and the 158th Regimental Combat Team,
coordinating such action direct with commanders concerned.
Continue such action as operations advance.
Coordination of work.
(1)
5202d Engineer Construction Brigade will t
(3)
(5) 5202d Engineer Construction Brigade will directly control all
engineer operations in the area forward of the Army Base Area
boundary and extending to the Corps rear boundary except
specified projects, (see par. l e . )
(6)
Sixth Army Service command:
(1) The Comaand ing General, Sixth Army Service Comaand, when directed
to assume logistical support, will perform all engineer con­
struction and supply in the Army Base Area, except as other­
wise directed. Prior to the assumption of logistical sup­
port, the Commanding General, Sixth Army Service command,
will initiate construction on airdromes, avgas, port and base
installations after contacting Corps and other comnanders,
or their duly authorized representatives, in the respective
zones in which such installations are planned. The boundary
of the Army Base Area will be moved forward as rapidly as
the tactical situation permits, AS Additional areas are added
the Commanding General, Sixth Army Service Command, will
assume all engineer responsibility therein.
(1) See Annex 3, Troop Lists, to FO 34­
(2)
Deciding conflicting matters on the ground provided they
are not capable of being mutually settled by the
agencies involved.
prior to date that sixth Army Service Command assumes res­
p o n s i b i l i t y for port operations, represent the Army Commander
i n observation of Corps unloading operations. adjustmsnttf
means among beaches, survey of beaches for later use and
maintaining of necessary reports and records.
(2)
3-
(2) Road signs will be extensively used by all cannanders to limit
the operation of vehicles within the capacity of roads and
bridges, to prevent unnecessary traffic jama, to prevent
reckless driving and to enable drivers to move from point to
point with the least confusion and travel. (See Annex 9 to
Administrative Order 16, provost I.&rshal Plan.)
on the date that Sixth Army Servloe conmand assumes responsi­
b i l i t y for port operations, pass to operational control of
that organization to be placed within the structure of that
organization, and actively command a l l Engineer Special
Brigade troops, except for element detached for specific
t a c t i c a l assignment.
(3) Engineer sector connandera will maintain close contact with
provost Marshals and l.ilitary Police in order to work out
traffic control plans that will insure use of roods and
bridges in a manner that will cause minimum damage and
allow maxiimim opportunities for maintenance.
RECONNAISSANCE AND INTENT |ram™
a.
£•
information Affecting Construct!,^ ,nd
(1)
During a l l phases of the operation, commanders of divisions
oorps, Sixth Army Service Command, 5202d Engineer Construction
Brigade, and separate units w i l l oonduot vigorous and
systematic engineer reconnaissance within their respective
areas, to provide the information necessary for tactical
and technical planning.
(2)
To insure coordination of engineer reconnaissance, the
Commanders referred to above, will, prior to the operation,
Inform themselves of details of preliminary planning con­
ducted by this headquarters for development of their areas.
Eaoh oommander will submit to this headquarters not later
than 5 December, 1944, for coordination, his plan for the
systematic conduct of engineer reconnaissance in his area.
£•
(1) Landing f a c i l i t i e s , in addition to removal of obstacles,
marking of navigational hazards, and other normal procedure
for beach organization, each corps and division commander
will initiate construction of L3T landings and barge and
lighter jettiea eventually required within his area.
(2) Roada and bridges will be constructed and maintained in
division and corps areas in conformity with the following
standards;
(a)
In division areas, only those eaaential to insure the
rapid advance and supply of the division.
(b) In corps areas, axial, two-lane, all-weather roads and
two-way bridges, following such routes aa are specified
by this headquarters from time to time, and auitable
for normal operation of medium tanks and all corps
traffic. Bridges will be clearly marked with the load
capacity in tons (Par. 239, FK 5-10) and height clear­
ance in feet. Detours for heavier vehicles will be
clearly marked.
Specific items on which Intelligence Information i s Required.
Daily reconnaissance reports as of 1800 hours will contain informa­
tion in accordance with FM 5-6, Chapter 3 . The first three
reports will show cumulative information. Thereafter only new
information need be reported. Reconnaissance Reports will
cover the following1
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(3) Dumps and distributing points will be developed in division
and corps areas, as demanded by current situation.
Roads
Bridges
Airstrips
Swamps
Fords
lfl.no Fields
Obstacles
Engineer teterials
Engineer Equipment
Water points
(4) '.Vater supply will be developed in areas of responsibility,
based an 3 gpd per man initially and 5 gpd per man as early
as practicable.
(5)
Reports will normally be in the form of overlay sketches, properly
referenced to map from which the overlay was prepared.
d. Special Reports.
(b) Commander, Allied Naval Forces, ia responsible for re­
moval of underwater mines and obstacles, commanders
of corps and divisions will, however, be prepared to
supplement demolition parties of the Commander, Seventh
Fleet, by furnishing trained demolition parties to
accompany assault «9ves for the removal or neutralization
of underwater mines and obstacles. Those parties will
be equipped with demolition packs IS or IQ (20 lb
packaged high explosives, complete with waterproof fuse
and fuse lighter). These charges require hand placing.
When i n t e l l i g e n c e of immediate engineer i n t e r e s t affecting the t a c t ­
i c a l s i t u a t i o n i s secured, i t w i l l be forwarded through channels
without d e l a y . Such information w i l l a l s o be included i n the
daily report.
Area Scope of Unit R e s p o n s i b i l i t y .
Engineer reconnaissance and i n t e l l i g e n c e i s the continuing responsi­
b i l i t y of each '™-*t commander. The area f o r which the unit i s
responsible encompasses a l l areas over which the unit passes or
occupies, with radius of reconnaissance i n these areas being
l i m i t e d only by the means a t hand.
f_.
(c) Training will be given to selected tactical units on mine
fields marking procedure, use of booby traps, and
obstacle removal by hand placed demolition methods.
Units equipped with the 0CH-625 mine detector will
check their equipment and be trained in its proper
employment.
c o r r e c t i o n s t o E x i s t i n g Maps.
Each corps or other separate t a c t i c a l unit w i l l accomplish f i e l d
sketching necessary t o determine errors or omissions i n e x i s t i n g
maps and w i l l subcdt such information t o t h i s headquarters i n the
form of consolidated overlays t o the l i 5 0 , 0 0 0 maps. In areas not
covered by the I i 5 0 , 0 0 0 maps, the l a r g e s t scale map available w i l l
be used. The above overlays w i l l reach t h i s headquarters not later
than f i v e days a f t e r an area has been occupied, except that over­
l a y s f a r Sixth Army Service Command areas w i l l be received not
l a t e r than eight days after occupation of such areas. Sketches
w i l l show errors and anisalona i n a l l works of man with particular
emphasis on roads and t r a i l s . Terrain features v i s i b l e or a c c e s ­
s i b l e from roads and t r a i l s w i l l alao be included, m accomplish­
i n g the sketching necessary f o r submitting the above overlays,
m-THrnnm ,,.•,» d i i h . n«d,» Qf a l l combat u n i t s authorized sketching
equipment.
(6) For radar installations required within various division or
corps areas, as located by the appropriate signal officer,
division and corps commanders will clear the area, reiiove
obstacles, and initiate conatruction of necessary access
roads and shelter for equipment. Camouflage principles
will be strictly applied, for which camoufleur3 assigned to
Sixth Army are available to render technical advice.
£.
construction in the Army Base Area by the Connanding General. Sixth
Anjy Service command.
The Commanding General, jixth Army Service Camnand, will plan and
initiate construction in Army Base Area, and outside thereof when
specifically directed, in accordance with the following general
specifications:
(1) Air Facilities)
4.
(a)
AS soon as practicable a f t e r reconnaissance, the headquarters w i l l
advise commanders of corps, d i v i s i o n s , and Sixth AiW Service command
regarding allotment of areas for eventual development f o r use by
A l l i e d Air Forces, A l l i e d Naval Forces, and Sixth Army, preliminary
planning w i l l be based on tentative a l l o c a t i o n of areas shown on
i n c l o s u r e 6 t o Administrative Order 1 6 .
5.
Obstacle and minfield removal or neutralization.
(a) obstacles through which our forces must pass must be
effectively neutralized in accordance with the prin­
ciples established in War Department Fli 5-3^< dated
1 November 1943. and Technical Memorandum, G:-ii, J./PA,
No. 15. Subject; Land Mne and Booby Trap policy in
the S'./PA, dated 14 June 1944. Where conflict exists
in the procedures stated in the foregoing references,
the latter nomad publication will govern. All minefields will be clearly marked until cocqpletely removed.
£• Fumi.
a.
Construction and Engineer Msajons in Corps and Division Areas.
1 Fighter Group
1 Night Fiyhter jquadron.
(b) Second objective, Target Date 3 / 15- A total of two
all-weather usable air craft runways, one 50001 x 100'
and one 60001 x 100' \.ith two alert areas each, and a
total of 36 type "2" hard standing with connecting
taxiways.
WQHK TO BE ACCOMPLISHED.
»iint6™nr.a In All Areas.
(!)
( 1 )
First objective, Target Date S / 6 (unless soil conditions
require mat; mtted strip by J / 10). Immediately
following the assault, one landing atrip 5000' x 100'
and undisperoed parking for a total of 1
All commanders will give special attention to road and bridge
^ n Z a n c e in their areas of responsibility. Drainage and
other preventive maintenance measures will b e J ^ * ^ !
everv effort will be ne&e to maintain roads and bridges in
original or better condition, and avoid the caaoon tendency
Joleglect the structure until i t constitutes a traffic
block or nearly so.
(c)
- 237 ­
Third objective, Target Date 3 / 45- 3xtenaion of the
5000' runway in the second objective to 6000' and c o l l a ­
tion of a cumulative total of 140 type "2» hardstandinga
with connecting taxiways.
(d)
(e)
Operational building requirements. Construction of items
^ and 2 below will proceed concurrently with air­
drome development; other items will be provided after
S / 30 unless engineer effort and materials are avail­
able earlier.
(f)
1.
Fighter sector headquarters, consisting i n i t i a l l y of
one (1) 47' x 54' building, Target Date 3 ^ 6
and later augmented by one (1) 20' x 54' building.
2.
At each airdrome, one (1) base operations building
with control tower.
3_.
Operations building; 20' x 54'1 or equivalent. One
(1) for each group and squadron headquarters and
i n i t i a l l y two (2) for each wing headquarters, l i s t ­
ed in Annex 3 to F0 34, and for any similar addi­
tional units as may later be stationed in the area.
(3)
Base Facilities. A base to provide temporary logistic support
for a l l Ground and Air Force troops in the area, approximately
200,000 men, will be established in the LINGAYEN GULF area
with i n i t i a l elements in the SANTO TOMAS - SAN FABIAN area
within the following general limitations.
(a)
one (1) alert hut at each alert area.
_1.
~
LST landings as required to accommodate the necessary
landing craft. Target Date immediately upon arrival
in objective area.
%.
AAC3 headquarters consisting of two (2) 20' x 54'
buildings.
2.
~
Twenty (20) lighter jettiea, either floating or
fixed. Target Date 3 / 30.
JJ.
T/horves or piers, either floating or fixed, to provide
eight (8) Liberty ship berths. Target Date for f i r s t
and second, 20 days, completion of remainder, 45
days after occupation of areas suitable for port
development. Fresh water for ships will be piped
to the f i r s t liberty fixed wharf or pier constructed,
and to subsequent ones as may be necessary, with min­
imum flow from a clear source of 100,000 gallons per
day. A 500-barrel storage tank and 4-inch pipe with
suitable connections will be installed.
(h)
Camp f a c i l i t i e s in accordance with "Construction Policy",
paragraph 9b_ of this Annex, will be provided for each
squairon or separate unit after 3 f- 30.
(i)
An unpaved cargo unloading' area not to exceed 200' x 2000'
•./ill be provided at one airdrome.
^.
petroleum Storage and Handling Facilities. The installation for
handling, storing and distribution of bulk fuel for both Army
and Navy requirements consists of the following, exclusive of
any sisill local Navy fuel installations at the various Naval
activities shown in Appendix 3»
(a)
Port f a c i l i t i e s will be constructed approximately as follows 1
ifc.
Bomb and ammunition storage will be provided on a basis of
approximately 50 tons per acre and drummed gasoline stor­
age will be provided on a basis of approximately 750 drums
per acre.
Necessary all-weather access roads to airdromes, dumps,
and camp areas.
(g)
(2)
plants to deliver approximately 180,000 gallons of
petroleum products per day per line from the main tank
farm to provide close up bulk supply to oombat troops.
The estimated requirement In small and medium tankage Is
50,000 barrels, in addition to tankage and main pipe
lines, sufficient pipe, connections, hoses, manifolds,
valves and other supplies will be furnished to Install
dispensing and drum f i l l i n g f a c i l i t i e s on each line
approximately at twenty-five mile intervals for both
motor transport gasoline and diesel fuel. Will be pre­
pared to take over maintenance and operation of this
system in the Army Base Ares as the Army Base Area
boundary moves forward.
The substitution of area parking for type "2" hardstand­
ings Is authorized, the tactical situation permitting, and
when concurred in by the Conmander, Allied Air Forces,
or his local representative.
Three (3) with an approximate capacity of 5iOOO
barrels each far aviation gasoline.
£.
Three (3) with an approximate capacity of 5t000
barrels each for motor transport gasoline.
3_.
Four (4) with an approximate capacity of 3,000
barrels each for automotive diesel fuel.
Storage. Covered storage will be provided not to exceed
200,000 sq. f t . Open storage will be provided as
required concurrently in the vicinity of warehouses.
(c)
Hospitalization. All fixed bed hospitals (10,000 beds)
axe to be moved into the LINGAYfiJ area during the
period S - Day to 3 / 30, and will be established under
tentage. Facilities as indicated below will be provid­
ed to meet actual schedule of arrival of units.
1.
~
(]s)
2.
3_.
(c)
2.
~"
(e)
Ten thousand (10,000) barrels of bulk storage for
aviation jasoline and ten thousand (10,000) barrels
of bulk storage for motor transport gasoline,
locuted at a uain tank farm, with suitable piping
and connections to permit distribution of aviation
2asoline to airfields and provisional drum and can
filling facilities for a l l products.
Hospitals for 4,000 beds will be constructed in the
Army Base Area as rapidly as possible. The r e ­
maining hospitals (6,000 beds) will be built as
far forward as is consistent with the tactical
situation at the time.
2'
For planning purposes i t will be assumed that following
the capture of MANILA, hospitals will be displaced t o
that area as rapidly as adequate f a c i l i t i e s can be
provided. Directives for construction to meet these
requirements will be issued by this headquarters at
a later date.
One (1) 1,000-barrel tank for aviation gasoline located
at each airfield, connected vdth the aviation gaso­
line distribution lines, and with connections for
f i l l i n 3 tank trucks and drums.
(d)
Railways. Rehabilitation of the existing railway system
of UJZa' will be prosecuted during the combat phase of
the operation on a priority below that of the road
network necessary for the support of the Army. AS
engineer and civilian effort becomes available rehabi­
l i t a t i o n will be continued with a view to restoring ser­
vice on the entire L^NIIA North line at the earliest
practicable date.
(e)
',7ater Supply, install and operate necessary water points
in the Army Base Area.
Third Objective, Target Date 3 / 30.
1.
~~
(d)
One (1) small fueling jetty or two (2) submerged sea
unloading lines with anchorage facilities in the
vicinity of the ioost suitable harbor or anchorage,
with facilities to permit discharging simultaneously
two types of fuel to shore tanks from tankers
drawing up to 17 feet with an overall length up
to 340 feet, and f a c i l i t i e s for fueling PT boats.
Three (3) additional 10,000-barrel bolted tanks, one
(1) for aviation c^soline, one (1) for motor transport
gasoline and one (1) far automotive diesel fuel, a l l
to be located in the vicinity of the main tank farm.
Additional pipe line and connections to permit receiv­
ing automotive diesel fuel from tankers into shore
tanks and distributing to drums or tank trucks.
Fourth Objective, Target Date 3 / 45» Storage to be in­
creased by two (2) 10,000-barrel bolted tanlcs for aviation
gasoline, t./o (2) 10,000-barrel bolted tanks for motor
transport ^a-solinc and one for automotive diesel fuel to
be located in the vicinity of the main tank farm.
3i;rth ±\xiay jervice Coii-und will provide at locations
designated by the J202d 2n~ineer Construction Brigade,
all supplies and equipment for the construction of two
four-inch jipe lines with necessary booster stations,
tonlra^, dispensing facilities, and drum filling
- 238 ­
!•
Yteter supply, lighting and power, pit waste
disposal and necessary roads.
2.
Second Objective, Target Date 3 / 20J
1.
Construction for hospitals in the LINGAYEN and
CENTRAL PLAINS areas will be limited to provision
of minimum f a c i l i t i e s consisting of 1
(_a) Prefabricated buildings for surgeries, clinics,
masses, kitchens, latrines, and showers, and
not to exceed one storehouse for each hos­
pital.
l±. One (1) 500-barrel bolted tank for each barge, with
connections, will be erected on shore to facilitate
distribution into either drums or tank trucks.
(b)
Target Date S / 50.
(b)
1st Objective, Target Date S / 10. Petroleum products
barges with suitable equipment, pipe and connections to
per.iit anchoring and discharging products ashore to
trucks ami druu, and aviation gasoline to PT boats •
as follows:
1.
One small ship wharf.
Construction in the Army Service Area by 5202a Engineer
Construction Brigade.
(1)
Roads and Bridges;
(a)
Construct a l l necessary roads required for the operation,
not provided by Corps troops, as prescribed by this
Headquarters.
(b)
Construct a l l heavy bridging required to handle Army loads.
(c)
Construct heavy bridges in Corps zones of action on specific
direction of this Headquarters.
(d)
Disuantle assault and ponton bridges and prepare them for
future use.
(e)
ltdntain roads and bridges in the area including exempted
roads in corps zones of action.
(2)
Water Supply, i n s t a l l and operate necessary water points in
the Aiw Service Area.
Fuel Pipe Lines and Dispensing Installations!
(3)
(4)
Hoapitalization. Construct tented hospitals for approximately
6,000 fixed beds, providing f a c i l i t i e s aa prescribed in
par. 5£.(3) (c) 1. (a) and (b) above.
Existing; buildings and f a c i l i t i e s will be used to the raximum in
lieu of new construction insofar a3 conditions of sanitation and
health permit, plans for i n i t i a l occupancy of structures should
take into consideration later displacement by the activity or
agency of the service Command designated in the Base Layout plan
for control of the area involved, unless specifically excepted by
this headquarters. Applications by units and agencies not under
control of the Sixth Arri^ Service Command, for continued occupancy
of structures or use of facilities in area3 designated for control
by the Service Command, will be submitted to this headquarters as
soon a3 practicable after such ureas pass to the control of the
3ervice Comoand.
(5)
Construct or Improve suoh dump areas as are required.
Labor.
(6)
Construct two 500-man PW inclosures at locutions to be
indicated l a t e r .
(7)
Minor construction of access roads, parking areas, u t i l i t i e s
and 20,000 sq f t of shelter for 6th Army Headquarters.
(8)
I n i t i a l l y develop as a Corps type road in accordance with par.
5i«(2) (b) the followingi Route 256 from LINGAYEN to
1ONGA1DAN - Route 251 to SAN JaCLNTO, PANGASINAN.
(1) Within thoir ability, as governed by the tactical situation,
comnanders of divisions, corps, and Sixth .,irmy Service Com­
aond will furnish such labor troops and equipment for engineer
work as are necessary to insure the earliest possible comple­
tion of high priority construction. They will make applica­
tion to this headquarters when additional troops and equipment
can be used effectively on such work, and when i t appears that
labor or equipment available locally could be so used.
(9)
Execute other construction as directed from tins to time
by this headquarters.
(b)
i n s t a l l two (2) four-inch fuel pipe lines from the main
tank farm to forward refueling points.
i n s t a l l refueling points at locations to be selected,
capable of handling 50 vehicles at a time and for drum
f i l l i n g of 2,000 drums per day, both 13 and Diesel.
(c)
i n s t a l l necessary tankage as directed along the pipe lines.
(a)
6.
tion, regardless of source, will be turned in to the nearest Endneer
Depot, unless otherwise specifically authorized by this head­
quarters .
(2) Uoe of engineer troops for construction defensive works,
including camouflage, will be liraited to highly specialized
construction; to supervision and inspection; -jid to the sup­
ply of tools and materials.
PRIORITIES OF ENGINEER WORK.
(3) Application for civilian labor to be used on construction work
will be submitted to the commanders of the various areas of
engineer responsibility (see pax. 1 i) who will furnish same
through their attached PCAU units. Civilian labor r a i l be
substituted for troops in every possible case in areas in
rear of Corps boundaries.
This headquarters will coordinate p r i o r i t i e s of construction for Air,
Naval, and Ground and Service Forces. These priorities will be
changed from tine to time to provide the construction necessary to
best support the combined missions. Target dates given in paragraph
5 of this Annex, serve only as an indication of the relative priority
of work in that particular category of construction and will not
be construed to take precedence over general priorities as prescribed
in l e t t e r , this headquarters, 8 April 1944, subject: Construction
Policy, or specific priorities directed later by this headquarters.
7.
Construction Equipment issued on I,/R will not be assigned non-con­
struction units which are unable to operate and adequately main­
tain i t . Such equipment will normally be permanently shipped to
a unit short of such equipment on T/E. In case of need, equipment
with operators should be attached from one unit to another pro­
vided proper maintenance provisions are made. All equipment in this
category will be carried by each depot unit on the feekly Sixth
Army Unit Equipment Report, showing location of each piece of
equipment.
srTPPLy.
The Connanding General, 3ixth Army, will issue maps to subordinate
headquarters as shown in Appendix 2.
8.
Technical Plans and Reports.
Pertinent i n s t r u c t i o n s r e l a t i v e t o the following engineer supply
EHtters are given i n Annex 4 t o Administrative Order 16, Engineer
Supply Plan.
9.
(1) Each caninander of division, corps, and Sixth Army Service
Coniaand will maintain currently an entp.neer operations map
and an encineer intelligence map.
(a) The engineer operations map will show current status of
assigned construction projects and allocation of con­
struction troops. Headquarters of a l l engineer units
will be included.
a.
l e v e l s of Engineer supplies for u n i t s .
b.
Resupply of Engineer Class n
c.
Class IV Construction Supplies.
d.
Control of supplies and m a t e r i a l s .
e.
Requisitioning engineer supplies.
f.
Establisbjasnt and operation of engineer dumps and depots.
£.
captured m a t e r i e l .
h.
lUp supply.
supplies for u n i t s .
(b) The engineer intelligence map will 3how sources and quan­
t i t i e s of engineer supplies, data on 3trea:is, engineer­
ing data that affects engineering construction in the
areas assigned to the respective cqij:x.r.ds, and liostile
defensive v:ork3 including fortified positions, obstacles
and nine fields.
(2)
(3) Weekly Construction progress Reports will be subletted to thi3
headquarters by 3ixth Army Service conaand and 5202d Engineer
Construction Brigade in accordance wit., •separate instructions
to be issued at an early date.
CONTROL OF ENGINEER TORg.
a.
Automatic control bv a r e a s .
(1)
Excepting projects specifically assigned to other agencies
for execution, a l l construction in assigned zones of action,
automatically r e s t s with the comaander thereof.
(2) Responsibility for coordination of a l l construction effort in
such zones automatically rests with the commander thereof,
includine the spotting of certain heavy construction materials
(avgrs. bitumn. dock material) peculiar to projects assigned
to other agencies. Conflict in paramount construction
i n t e r e s t s will n o i s i l y be referred to this heaaquartera. but.
in an e^rgency, will be decided by the cormnder of the zone
involved, with information to this headquarters.
b.
By coi.iaand of Lieutenant General ZOTEG3?:
G. H.
Brigadier General, l
Clii'-f of Staff.
APP3IDIX 1 ­ HJBLTJfriTCNJ
.iPP3iX)lA 2 ­ Mtf» .vLLOWANCEo
APF2JDIX J ­ LIST OF NAV.U. INSTMIATICNS
Construction will be prosecuted in accordance with
£
fleQtion of conatruction Directives for Airdrome Facilitie
OFFICIAL:
/ s / Sddloiian
The selection of ainiroc* s i t e s will be in
Operating procedure, number 21/1. UIU d
1944.
Overlays of these maps as of 1800 hours daily will be trans­
mitted to this headquarters. Each succeeding overlay need
show only chants that have occurred since previous report.
0-3
- 239 ­
HEADQUARTERS SIXTH ABW
A. P. 0. 442
23001 20 November 1944
ASCOM
Totals
PUBLICATIONS
a .
A u s t r a l i a n Aeronautical, 1:1,000,000 s h e e t s , NB-4. NB-5. NC-5>
ND-4. ND-5, NE-4.
b .
S t r a t e g i c l a p s , 1|25O,OOO, 6 s h e e t s t o be published by SWPA u n i t s
covering area between 14° and 17° N and west of 121° E.
£.
Topographic ft&pa, l i 5 0 , 0 0 0 , ALt> S 712 complete coverage of objeotive
areas.
d.
Battlemap-photomap, 1|25,000, A1E S 812 with photomap back ups.
15000
30000
15000
HEADHDARTER3 SIXTH AR14T
A. P. 0. 442
23001 20 November 1944
APPENDIX 3 , ANNEX 8 to TO 34, Engineer.
LIST OF NAVAL INSTALLATIONS. LJNQAYEN GULF AREA
Naval i n s t a l l a t i o n s w i l l be i n s t a l l e d i n the LBiOAXKN GOLF Area approximately
as f o l l o w s . Minor modifications may be made by the Commander, Allied Naval
Forces without prior reference to t h i s headquarters.
Coverage as requested.
OSC & GS HYJ330GHAPHIC CHARTS
1st Echelon 1
Coverage t o be as required.
4 .
1250
1000
Each Corps w i l l be given equal distribution of large scale maps
regardless of the Corps boundary.
AIR-NAVAL-G30UND SUPPORT CHARTS
Project assigned.
3 .
2000
MAPS
Area covered w i l l be determined by a v a i l a b i l i t y of photography.
2 .
1250
NOTE 1 Place names and l o c a l i t i e s w i l l be referred to as designated on the
li50,000 scale maps regardless of variance from any other maps.
Local place namBS w i l l not be used in l i e u of names as designated
on maps.
APPENDIX No. 1. ANNEX 8 to FO 34. Engineer.
1 .
100
B4B (Modified) Port Director ( l £ d . )
Boat Pool - Service Force Type (without E-10)
(E-10 = stand. L- C. U&it - l&intenanoe Compon.)
Ifebile Communications unit #9
C3 Radio S t a . oper. Base (Small)
C8 Visual s t a . Oper. Base (Small)
C9 Radio s t a . Harbor Defense #41
•PT Unit Adv Base
1/2 Fl - Constr. Bn. 3pecial
m i n r i a Control Unit
Go Dispensary (100-bed mobile)
PUBLICATIONS
s..
A l l i e d Geographical S e c t i o n . SWPA.
t).
£,.
(1)
Special Report No 57. BALER - ATIUONAN Area, July 1944•
(2)
Special Report No 59, UKGAYEN, July 1944.
(3)
Special Report No 60, CJSNTRAL IU60N, July 1944.
(4)
Terrain study, IXNGAIEN.
(5)
Terrain study, CENT-TAL LDZON.
(6)
Terrain Handbook, XJNGAYJBN.
2d Echeloni
(7)
Terrain Handbook, CENTRAL LOZdN.
A3 Administration (small)
Cl Radio Sta. Operating Base (large)
C10 Fleet post office
C14 (Modified) internal Communications (small)
C17 Teletypewriter System
D10 (Modified) Storage Facilities (small)
> 8 - 4 0 ' x 100' 3 . 3 . for storage
2 - 40' x 100' 3.S. for reefers
5NIA Camp, 250 men (tents)
P6c Fire protection, Decontamination and camouflage
•Note 1 If decision is made to operate from tender, this unit may be
eliminated.
Office of the Chief Engineer. (214. J.IPA
(1)
Engineer annex, LIN&OEN.
(2)
Sncinser Annex, CENTiLiL LUZON.
(3)
Photographic Annex, LDJGAYQJ.
Office of the Chief of Sngineera. V/ar Deuartaent
3d Echelon1
(1)
3trate,jic Zngineering Study, lio 124\ LUZON, August 1944­
(2)
dtrate^ic Sngineerinc Study, l,o 1J2, PHILIPPINE ISLANDS,
Vol I , iioads, and Vol I I , Railroads, September 1944.
jtrategic Encineering Study, No 135. UW0N, Detailed Terrain
(3)
E6 Mobile Ampbib. Base Repair
J4A Bomb Disposal
J4B Mine Disposal
15 CB. mint, unit
Pontoon Wharf 1 7 1 60 (50' x 350' with
2 - 3 x 24 (16' x 136')
Intelligence.
d..
bridge units each.
U. 3 . Coa3t and Geodetic .Survey
(1)
U. 3 . Coast P i l o t , H2LLVPIMZ: ISL&ND3. Part I, 1939, 3d
Edition, LUZON, MINDJiMA0, VISAYAN.
(2)
e,.
Tide and Current Tables, PKILEPPHC ISLA^^Do, 1944.
Joint Arny-Kavy Intellipgnce oervice
JAMIS 154, MnLIi'PIlS ISIANDJ, Landing Beachea and Port F a c i l i t i e s .
HEADQUARTERS SIXTH
A. P. 0. 442
23001 20 November 1944
APPENDIX No. 2, ANNEX 8 to F0 34, Engineer.
MAP ALLOWANCES
UNIT
Snail Scale
ltl.000,000
Intermediate
Scale
li 2.50,000
h&dium ocale
li50,000
Large Scale
li25,000
Sixth
225
3750
6000
3250
I Corps
250
3500
8000
3500
XIV Corps
250
3500
8000
3500
158th i n f . RCT
25
250
500
500
25th i n f . Div
50
1000
2000
1000
11th A / B Div
50
750
2500
1000
13th Arnored Group 50
1000
1000
1000
- 240 ­
lAuth: OG iilXTtt ARMT.
i l n i t t / a / CPE
i
(Date: 25_Jan 45
i
HEADHPARTER3 SIXTH ARlff
8/1 to FO 34. Engineer.
k£' V£w«y 1945
SPECIAL DISTRIBUTION:
0 - i n - C , CHQ,, 8WPA
Adv Ech, GHli, S'.7PA
CG, I Corps
CG, XIV Corps
CG, A3C0K
CO, 5202d Engr Const Brig
C/S, Sixth Amy
No change.
(i)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(!)•
G-3, Sixth Army
G-4. Sixth Aroy
(l)
(l)
Provost Marshal, Sixth Army
Engineer, Sixth .irny
(l)
(5)
SPECIAL ENGINEER
a..
I Corps w i l l i
(1)
(2)
fc.
(2)
£.
No change.
iDatei 22 Dec 1944 «
HEADQUARTERS SIXTH ABlsX
A. P. 0. 442
14001 22 December 1944
AMEND&EMT NO. 1
to
ANNEX 8 to F0 34, Engineer.
XIV Corps w i l l i
(1)
:Auth ; CG SIXTH
i l n i t : /a/ CPE
Be relieved at 1200 hours, 26 January 1945. by the 5202d Engineer
Construction Brigade, of responsibility for maintenance of
routes indicated in green on Appendix 1 hereto and will there­
after be responsible for development of a l l routea lndioated
in red thereon which l i e within the Corps boundary, except
the route from LA PAZ to STA ROSA. Development of the route
indicated by large numeral u« will be given priority over
that indicated by numeral "2".
Be relieved at 1200 hours. 26 January 1945, by the 5202d Engineer
Construction Brigade, of responsibility for maintenance of
routes indicated in green on Appendix 1 hereto and will thereafter be responsible for development of a l l routes indicated
in red thereon which occur within the Corps boundary, and also
for development of the route from LA PAZ to STA ROSA.
Annex 8 to F0 34. Engineer, i s amended by the following additions and
deletions:
1.
Par l e ( 2 ) ,
a.
No change.
Add the following:
931at Engineer Construction Group (Avn) (Hq. & Hq. Co)
439th Engineer Base Depot Company
Sixth Army Service command:
(1)
No change.
(2)
No change.
(3)
The Commanding General, sixth Army Service command, will, at 1200
hours, 26 January 1945. assume responsibility for development
of a l l routes indicated in blue an Appendix 1 hereto.
J>. After 1879th Engineer Aviation Battalion addi (Approximately 10 days
under ASCCfti control, then to operational control GH%)
£.
Delete the following:
1179th Engineer Construction Group (Hq. & Hq. Co)
787th Engineer Base Depot Company
64lst Engineer Camouflage Company (less Dets)
d_. No change.
e_.
2.
Par 3_c. Add the following sentence: These reports will be consolidated
by the Unit Engineer for each unit listed in paragraph la above and
w i l l be forwarded direct to the Engineer, this headquarters.
3.
par 3d. Delete the words:
5202d Engineer Construction Brigade willt
(1) No change.
(2) No change.
4.
(3) No change.
(4)
(5)
Add paragraph 3fi
£.
Be relieved at 1200 hours, 26 January 1945. by Sixth Army Service
Command, of responsibility for maintenance of routea indicated
i n blue on Appendix 1 hereto and will thereafter be responsible
for development of a l l routes indicated in green thereon.
No change.
5.
ALLOTMENT OF ARBAS
6.
Par 9g(3)«
No c h a n g e .
7.
Add paragraph 9j_ as fallows;
j^.
WORK TO BS ACCOMPLISHED
Delete the words:
in areas in rear of Corps boundaries.
camouflage.
The principles of camouflage, concealment and operational deception
will be applied in accordance with FlCs 5-20, 5-20A, B. C. D, E,
and TM 5-267. Engineer units will observe these principles and
will f u l f i l l the engineer camouflage mission by providing camouflage
supervision and materials to the f u l l e s t extent practicable.
PRIORITIES OF ENGINEER WORK
No c h a n g e .
7.
Survey Control Data
Par 55(6)• Delete the last sentence, reading as follows- camouflage
principles will be s t r i c t l y applied, for which camoufleurs assigned
to Sixth Army are available to render technical advice.
No c h a n g e .
6.
follows;
5.
RECONNAISSANCE AKD INTELLIGENCE
No c h a n g e .
4.
through channels.
Survey control data, including plots of closed transit traverses,
plane table surveys, and vertical control carried from tide gauge
datum or USC&GS bench marks, will be forwarded to the Engineer,
this headquarters, whether or not errors in existing maps are
involved. Information of this type will be held available in an
Army Survey information Center.
t_. No change.
3.
&a
By command of Lieutenant General KHUSG2H:
tap SUPPLY
No c h a n g e .
8 .
G. H. DECKSR,
Brigadier General, G.3.C,
Chief of S t a f f .
ENGPEER 3UPPLY
No change.
9.
COnROL OF EMGINSER '.TOHK
OFFICIAL:
No change.
By command of Lieutenant General KRUEGERi
APPENDIX 1 - SKETCH KAP. 2 SHEETS
G. H. DECKTH,
B r i g a d i e r General, G.3.C.
Chief of S t a f f .
/a/ Eddleman
G-3
OFFICIAL)
/ a / Eddleman
0-3
- 241 ­
CG, XTV Corps
CG, XI Corps
CG, ASCOM
CO, 5202d Engr Const Brig
C/S, Sixth Arny
G-3. Sixth Army
G-4, Sixth Amy
provost Mirshal, S i x t h Army
Engineer, Sixth Army
:
:
:Auth; CG SIXTH ARMTi
:
: l n i t : / s / FV
i
iDate: 30 jan 45
HEADQUARTERS 3LXTH
A. P . 0 . 442
2300 I 3 0 January 1945
ANNEX 8 / 2 t o FO 3 4 , E n g i n e e r .
1.
GStERAL
2.
SPECIAL ENGINEER MISSIONS
( 3 )
( 2 )
( 2 )
( 2 )
( 1 )
( 1 )
(*)
( 1 )
( 3 )
No change.
a.
5 February 1945
Engineer Section (*dv Koh)
1 Corps w i l l i
(1)
Arrange with the Commanding officer, 5202d Engineer Construction
Brigade, for transfer to that unit as early as practicable,
and not later than 1200 hours, 1 February 1945i * n ° respon­
s i b i l i t y for development and maintenance of a l l routes within
the Corps boundary which are indicated in green on Appendix
1 hereto. I Corps will thereafter be responsible for develop­
ment of a l l routes indicated in red thereon, which l i e within
the Corps boundary.
£.
OPERATIONAL PRIORITY
THIS RADIO WILL BE CONSIDERED ANNEX EIGHT SLANT THREB TO HELD ORDER THREE
(2) No change.
b.
C-in-C, GHH, STCPA., APO 500
Adv Eoh, GHQ,, 3WPA, APO 5 0 0
CG, I Corps, APO 301
CG, XI Corps, APO 471
CG, XIV Corps, APO 453
CG. A3CO.1, APO 358­
FOUR ENGINEER PD EFFECTIVE TWELVE HUNDRED HOURS SEVEN FEBRUARY ONE NIN1 FOUR
XIV Corps will:
FIVE COMMANDING GENERAL SIXTH ARMf SERVICE COMMAND WILL RELIEVE COMMANDING
(1) Arrange with the Commanding offleer, 5202d Engineer Construc­
tion Brigade, for transfer to that unit as early as practi­
cable, and not later than 1200 hours, 1 February 1945> the
responsibility for development and maintenance of all routes
within the Corps boundary which are indicated in green on
Appendix 1 hereto. XIV Corps will thereafter be responsible
for development of all routes indicated in red thereon,
which lie within the Corps boundary.
TO TAHIAC PD BAKER CIA ALL ROADS NORTH OF THE A0N0 RIVER FOR 'MICH COMMANDING
(2) No change.
OFFICER *TVE TWO NOUGHT TWO ENGINEER CONSTRUCTION BRIGADE 13 RESPONSIBLE UNDER
Sixth Army Service Command will;
ANNEX EIGHT SLANT TWO TO FIELD ORDER THREE FOUR ENGINEER PD COMMANDING GENERAL
(1) No change.
SIXTH ARlff SERVICE CCHLfcND WILL A3SUM3 CONTROL Ob* TARIAC PROVINCE CIVILIAN
(2) No change.
OFFICER FIVE TWO NOUGHT TWO ENGINEER CONSTRUCTION BRIGADE OF RBSPQNSIBILITY
FOR DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF FOLLOWING ROADS IN LBJGAYEN DA3H CENTRAL
LUZON AREA EXCLUSIVE OFyFLOATING BRIDGES COLON ABLE CMA. ROUTE THREE URDANETA
DISTRICT ENGINEER FORCES PD CQMt&NDING OFFICER *2VE TWO NOUGHT TWO ENGINEER
(3) A33UEB responsibility for development of all additional routes
indicated in blue cm Appendix 1 hereto at 1200 hours, 1 Feb­
ruary 1945*
d_. No change.
CONST BRIGADE WILL MAINTAIN LIAISON WITH COMMANDING GENERAL SIXTH ARMST SERVICE
COMiSU© TO SECUHE SERVICES OF CIVILIAN DISTRICT ENGINEER FORCES FOR M&JNEENAMJE
OF TARLAC PROVINCE ROADS STILL UNDER DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE BY BRIGADE
e_. 5202d Engineer Construction Brigade will;
(1)
Ho change.
(2)
No change.
(3)
No change.
(4)
Continue development of routes assigned by Annex 8/1, P0 34,
and arrange with the Camending General, I Corps, ATVI the
Comoanding General, UV Corps, to assume responsibility as
early as practicable, and not later than 1200 hours, 1 Feb­
ruary 1945, 'or development and maintenance of a l l routes
indicated in green on Appendix 1 hereto.
(5)
3.
KRUEGER
CG SIXTH ARM?
DISTRIBUTION!
CO, 5202d ECB, C/S, G-3. G-4, PM Rear,
Engr Sec Rear, F i l e
M/C N o . 6 l
No change.
£_. No change.
i
g_.
XI Corps will continue assigned missions.
x.
In any arrangeiaents made for the progressive transfer of road
responsibility between corps and the 5202d Engineer Construction
Brigade, definite agreement an the hour, date, and reaches of
road involved will be accomplished and reported by radio to t h i s
headquarters by commanders concerned.
zAuthi CG SIXTH ARM? i
i
:lnit, / a / PW
1
:Date, 7 February 194
ANNEX 8 / 4 t o FO 3 4 , Engineer.
i
HEADQUARTERS SIXTH ARMf
A.P.O. 4 4 2
2300 1 7 February 1945
No change in paragraphs 3 to 9 inclusive.
1 .
By conmand of lieutenant General KTMEGUU
G. H. D2CKSR,
Brigadier General, G.5.C.
Chief of Staff.
This annex advances r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r development and maintenance of
roads and bridges i n t h e LINGAYSN - CENTRAL LUZON a r e a , i n accordance
with r a d i o V/G 126, dated 7 February 1945, and a s shown on Appendix 1
h e r e t o , e f f e c t i v e 1200 h o u r s , 8 February 1 9 4 5 . T h e r e a f t e r !
a .
The Commanding Generals, 1 Corps and XIV Corps, w i l l be r e s p o n s i b l e
f o r development of a l l r o u t e s i n d i c a t e d i n red on Appendix 1
which l i e w i t h i n the r e s p e c t i v e Corps b o u n d a r i e s .
b .
The Connandlng O f f i c e r , 5202d Engineer C o n s t r u c t i o n Brigade,
be r e s p o n s i b l e f o r a l l r o u t e s i n d i c a t e d i n g r e e n t h e r e o n .
£.
Routes p r e v i o u s l y a s s i g n e d and n o t marked i n c o l o r on Appendix 1 a r e
no l o n g e r required a s main supply r o u t e s and maintenance on them
w i l l be d i s c o n t i n u e d .
APPETOIX 1 - .SKETCH iAP
OFFICIAL:
/ s / Eddle:xin
by V/
G-3
2.
will
This annex supersedes a l l i n s t r u c t i o n s i n Annexes 8 / 2 and 8 / 3 , FO 3 4 .
By coonand of Lieutenant General KRUEGKR:
C-in-C^ GH'l,
Adv 3 c h , GIU
CG, I Corps
( 1 )
(2)
G. H. DECKER,
Brigadier General, G.S.C.,
Chief of S t a f f .
(3)
- 242 ­
APPENDIX 1 - SKSTCH l&JP.
OFFICIAL:
/a/
The general organization for engineer operations follows­
Eddleman
by W
£.
Echelons under direct control of this headquarters;
G-3
O-in-C, GHQ.,
AdT Ech, GHO,, 3\7?A
CG, I Corps
CG, XIV Corps
CG, XI Corps
CG, ASCOM
CO, 5202d Engr Canst B r i g
C/S, S i x t h Army
0-3, S i x t h Army
G-4, S i x t h Amy
Provost Marshal, S i x t h Army
Engineer, S i x t h Army
(1)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
I, XI, and XIV Corps.
(2)
37th Division.
(3) 931st Engineer Construction Group (Avn).
J>. Unit Engineers i
Each of the above units will designate a unit Engineer who will be
responsible for and directly control all engineering operations,
supply and organizations assigned to the unit but not reassigned
to a subordinate unit.
0. Current attachment of engineer units to the above echelons:
(1) Corps 1 As non constituted.
(2) 37th Divisionj As now constituted.
(3) 931°* Engineer Construction Group (Avn):
lAuth: CG SIXTH ARMT
/ a / CPE
«Date : 21 February 19451
HEADQUARTERS SIXTH
A.P.O. 442
0900 I 21 February 1945
ANNEX 8 / 5 t o FO 3 4 , Engineer.
1.
This Annex advances responsibility for development and maintenance of
roads and bridges i n the Lingayen Gulf - central Luzon area, as shown
on Appendix 1 hereto, effective 1200 hours 22 February 1945* Thereafteri
a..
The Commanding Generals, I corps, XI corps, and XIV Corps, w i l l be
responsible for development of a l l routes indicated in red on
Appendix 1 hereto, whioh l i e within the respective Corps boundaries.
b.
The connanding Officer, 931st Engineer Construction Group (Avn), w i l l
be responsible for development of Route 5 from Guimba to I^lolos,
and Route 3 from Calumpit to Ifclolos, as indicated in green an
Appendix 1 hereto.
£.
2.
79th
1876th
414th
136lst
695th
5o6th
556th
1011th
Routes outside the Luzon Base section, previously assigned and not
marked i n color on Appendix 1, are no longer required as main supply
routes and maintenance on them w i l l be discontinued.
2.
Present procedure w i l l continue u n t i l modified by a l e t t e r t o be i s s u e d ,
f i l e AG 370.2 R-3, subject! Engineer Reconnaissance and Reconnaissance
Reports, Engineer reconnaissance w i l l be pushed aggressively behind
t a c t i c a l reconnaissance and s e c u r i t y furnished engineer reconnaissance
personnel when dispatched t o i n v e s t i g a t e s t r u c t u r e s , airdromes, and
sources of natural construction materials i n areas devoid of f r i e n d l y
troops. High p r i o r i t y w i l l be given transmission of engineer reconnaissance r e p o r t s .
„
ENGINEER MISSIONS
a.
Roads and Bridges.
(1)
Corps and separate unit commanders w i l l t
(a)
Conserve engineer effort by carefully limiting the improvement of road nets within their respective zones of action
to pioneer work, except tURs and belt roads required for
occupation of captured areas.
(b)
AS division rear boundaries are advanced, develop and main­
tain as two-lane all-weather roads, with one-lane bridges
except where otherwise directed, suitable for medium
tanks and a l l corps traffic, a l l roads indicated by red
solid and dashed lines on Appendix 2, Sketch IPp, North
Philippine islands, subject to the following:
By command of lieutenant General KRUEGERi
G. H. DECKER,
B r i g a d i e r General, G.S.C.
Chi8f
^
Staff
'
OFFICIAL!
/a/ Eddlemn
G-3
SPBCT&I. DlaTRIBDTICN:
C - i n - C , CHI, SWPA
Adv Ech, GH0,, SWPA
CG, I Corps
CG, XIV Corps
CG, XI Corps
CG, Luzon Base Section
CO, 931st Engr Const Gp (Avn)
C/S, Sixth Army
0-3, Sixth Army
G-4, Sixth Army
Provost ifershal. Sixth Army
Engineer, Sixth Army
(1)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
HEADQUARTERS SIXTH ARM*
A. P. 0. 442
1600 I 13 ?*rch 1945
m i s Annex supersedes and c a n c e l s Annex 8 t o FO U . Engineer Amendment No. 1
t h e r e t o , and a l l i n s t r u c t i o n s i n Annexes 8 / 1 , 8 / 2 , H/3. 0 / 4 . a m o / j ™
FO 3 4 .
(2)
References:
a.
Mips, P h i l i p p i n e i s l a n d s - l / 5 0 0 . 0 0 0 ; Luzon - 1/250,000; Luzon - 1/50,000.
b.
Mips, Reports and Terrain s t u d i e s . Appendix 1 .
c.
Sketch m p , North P h i l i p p i n e i s l a n d s , Appendix 2 .
- 243 ­
1.
~
Boundaries between Corps shown on Appendix 2 are as
established by FO 56, this headquarters, and are
effective 0001 I 15 l.&rch 1945* Corps boundaries
for road responsibility remain as now established
until that hour.
2.
~~
931st jsngineer Construction Group (Avn) will
construct exeimpted projects within Corps zones of
action as indicated in paragraph 3fi( 2 ) below.
3.
The road Guimba-Baloc-Ljunoz-San Jose will be developed
instead of the road Cabanatuan-3an Ricardo-Rizal.
(c)
in division areas, utilize fords, existing bridges, and
light floating, bridge equipment where practicable and
submit tiiaaly requests to this headquarters for heavy
floating bridge and fixed bridge equipment determined
necessary.
(d)
AS division rear boundaries are advanced, reinforce existing
bridges or develop requirements for fixed bridging suitable
for osdium tanks and a l l corps traffic on a l l roads des­
cribed under paragraph 3j»(l)(b) above, based on instal­
lation of semi-permanent structures on roads indicated in
solid lines and tei.roorary structures on roads indicated
in dashed l i n e s . For •existing bridges requiring partial
reconstruction or extension, the width of nev parts will
not exceed the standard one-lane width based on 12 foot
decking or 11 feet between curbs.
(e)
Forward to this headquarters, attention of the Engineer,
prints of drawings showing proposed fixed bridge
construction.
lAuthi CG SIXTH iiRMfl
i
ilniti /a/ FW
•Date: 13 Larch 1945i
ANNEX 8 / 6 t o FO 3 4 . Engineer.
Construction Battalion
Aviation Battalion
Dump Truck Company
Dump Truck Company
Equipment Company
Light Ponton Company
Heavy ponton Battalion
Treadway Bridge Company
RECQHNAIS3AN0E
This Annex supersedes a l l instructions in Annex 8/4, FO 34, 7 February 1945.
APPENDIX 1 - SKETCH MkP
Engineer
Engineer
Engineer
Engineer
Engineer
Engineer
Engineer
Engineer
The Coiraanding Officer, 931st Engineer Construction Group (Avn),
willt
(a)
Continue asigned missions on the road Guimba-cubanatunn­
Gapan-3an Mguel-Balinag-Plaridel-Ljalolos.
(b)
Support closely the XIV Corps in development of the road
I.nnila-Alabang-Lipa-nosario-patangas D3 a two-lane main
Field and evacuation hospital units will be given the minimum
assistance required to establish temporary hospitals at suitable
locations, especially with regard to roads, water supply and shelter
for key ruedical and surgical f a c i l i t i e s but not personnel.
supply route with one-lane bridges suitable for Army
loads. I t will initially be responsible from Hfcnila to
Tonauan, inclusive, and be prepared to assume additional
responsibility for this road as directed by this head­
quarters .
£.
(3)
.b.
Develop any additional routes required in advance of Luzon
Base Section Area, and construct heavy bridging thereon
for Army loads, on opecifio direction of this headquarters.
(d)
(2)
potablo water supply ba3ed on 5 gpd per man will be developed
as early as practicable by divisions, corps» and separate
units for their assigned and attached troops.
i n s t a l l heavy floating bridges as directed by this head­
quarters in corps and division areas.
(2)
(e)
Dismantle ponton bridges upon completion of fixed bridges
or as otherwise directed and prepare this equipment for
future use.
The 931st Engineer Construction Group (Avn) will take over the
operation of a l l water points in the vicinity of IBRa for
which the Group has been assigned responsibility.
(3)
(f)
Forward to this headquarters, attention of the Engineer,
prints of drawings showing proposed fixed bridge con­
struction.
Careful coordination of the transfer of water supply respon­
s i b i l i t y between successive division, corps, and Army Engineer
echelons will be obtained by requiring forward echelons to
give succeeding echelons a minimum of 24 hours notice on
proposed abandonment of f a c i l i t i e s .
All unit commanders will t
(a)
Give special attention to road drainage and maintenance;
maintain routes to original condition or better; take
precautions to avoid permanent damage to the original
base due to lack of drainage and maintenance.
(b)
Erect traffic signs on roads in accordance with letter,
this headquarters, dated 6 March 1945, subjeot: 3QP
Traffic Signs on Roads in Sixth Army Areas.
(c)
ivaintain a high degree of coordination between the unit
engineer and Provost l^Lrshal to assist in development
of traffic control plans which will insure maximum use
of roads with nriniminn maintenance.
h.
4.
E^GINEEK MATErOALS. 1ABQR AMD EQMIPKBIT.
a.
~"
Railroads in advance of Luzon Base Section Area will be utilized
for Army transportation only in the event they can be placed
in operating condition with minor expenditures of engineer
effort and of bridging materials. This headquarters will be
advised in advance of any plans involving rehabilitation of
rolling stock or use of railroads for troop or supply move­
ment.
On non-operational sections of railroads, railroad bridges may
be decked for UT traffic when required. Railroad lines will
not be used as MT roads unless the immediate need i s urgent
and there i s no reasonable alternative, otherwise, track
will not be disturbed without prior authority of this head­
quarters.
(1)
Construction will be prosecuted i n accordance with l e t t e r , this
headquarters, 8 April 1944t subjecti Construction Policy.
(2)
p r i o r i t i e s as specified i n the Construction Policy referenced
above w i l l be adhered t o except as s p e c i f i c a l l y modified by
t h i s headquarters and will take precedence over any target
dates which may be specified i n construction d i r e c t i v e s .
(3)
Critical enGineer construction materials and machinery found
in an area or arriving in an area, regardless of source,
will be turned in to the nearest engineer depot or be other­
wise nade available for authorized construction.
(4)
Buildings, u t i l i t i e s and construction materials, including
timber, available locally will be used to the maximum in
lieu of new construction or imported materials, insofar
as conditions of sanitation and health permit, except that
dwellings and private u t i l i t i e s will not be used without
proper rental arrangements and except that there will be
minimum interference with the operation of the functions of
the civil government. Elementary and high school buildings
will not be used. Units requiring existing f a c i l i t i e s or
civilian owned materials will advise the nearest PCAU,
preferably before such use i s made, otherwise as soon as
practicable.
tj.
Labor.
(1)
Y/ithin their ability, as governed by the tactical situation,
commanders will furnish such labor troops and equipment for
engineer work as is necessary to insure the earliest possible
completion of high priority construction.
(2)
Use of engineer troops for construction of defensive works,
including camouflage, will be United to highly specialized
construction; to supervision and inspection; and tc the supply
of tools and materials.
(3)
L&ximum use will be made of civilian labor, procured through
the nearest PC*U.
minefields and Obstacles.
Army Supply Point Facilities.
(1)
(2)
The AI7 Corps will initiate the following construction for a
supply paint at Batangasi
(a)
Landing points far amphibious craft and minor harbor
facilities.
(b)
Roads to and in storage areas required for 15 days' supply
for 30,000 troops.
£.
(b)
Equipment.
Construction equipment issued will not be assigned on li/'R to nonconstruction units. Juch equipment normally will be shipped
perrmnently to u unit short of such equipment on T / E . In case of
need, equipusnt with operators may be attached from one unit to
another provided proper maintenance provisions ore made. All
equipment on K/R from an Army or Corps depot will be carried by
the depot on the T/eekly Depot Inventory Report, showing location
of each piece of equipment.
The 931st Engineer construction Group (Avn), on direction of
this headquarters, will install:
(a)
f.
I.pteriala and transportation w i l l be conserved by rigid adherence
to the followingi
Airstrips.
Minefields and obstacles through which our forces must pass will be
effectively neutralized in accordance with FM 5-31 and GHO, SWPA,
Technical ifcmorandum No. 15, dated 14 June 1944, subject t Land Mine
and Booby Trap policy in SWPA, the l a t t e r publication to govern in
case of conflict.
£.
Radar Installations.
All commanders to whom missions for installation of radar are assigned
will i n i t i a t e clearing and construction of necessary access roads
and shelter for equipment for such installations, as located by
the appropriate signal officers.
In addition to normal engineer assistance to artillery units in con­
struction of small strips for artillery liaison airplanes, commanders
will be prepared to construct, upon specific direction of this
headquarters, strips for L-5 airplanes for a i r supply and for
evacuation of casualties. Such strips will be 50" x 1000" with­
out overruns, with 25' shoulders, zero fan angles, and 1|2O glide
angles from ends of runways.
d.
Water Supply.
(1)
Railroads.
(1)
£.
(o)
Temporary MT bulk dispensing facilities including a barge
mooring with lines to 500 bbl shore tanks, and a drum
f i l l plant capable of turning out 1000 drums of gasoline
per day. Two 2000 bbl barges, each one-half full of ITS
gasoline and with pipe, tanks and fittings aboard for
shore discharge and the installation of the drum f i l l
plant, will be delivered at Batangas Bay by this
headquarters on call within four days after the capture
of Batangas.
5. EHGIKEBR TECHNICAL REPORTS.
Present reporting procedure will continue until nodlfied by letter to
bo issued, file AG 370.2 R-3, subjecti Reports 3eq'iired from Sixth
Any Engineer Units.
6. LAPS.
_a.
on second priority semi-permanent bulk 11$ storage consist­
ing of a mooring far tankers 350 feet in length and drawing
17 feet of water with pipe lines to 1-2000 bbl and 1-5000
bbl shore tanks; lines from the tanks to the drunning
plant and to a tank truck f i l l stand which will be capable
of accommodating three tank trucks simultaneously. The
material for this installation will be furnished by
Army on barges or a small ship not later than five days
after Batangas Bay i s cleared for shipping.
Hospitals.
- 244 ­
I.pp Distribution.
No additional automatic distribution will be made of existing maps.
Unita nay secure 3uch raaps by requesting them from the Engineer,
.Sixth Arry. Roquests will bo inade through engineer channels.
The iSicineer, i>izth Amy will make automatic distribution of new
raps
b.
?t\ppinfl.
s for tiie revision of existing maps or the preparation of
new i.aps will be r_ade to the Engineer, sixth Army, through engi­
neer channels.