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Layout Design Challenge I Urban or Industrial Switching-Oriented Railroads Indian Nations Division 2011 LDOPSIG Meet Copyright © 2011 Charles Tapper Design Challenge Presentations • • • • • • • • Charles Tapper: Copper Belt Dave Salamon: Johnstown and Union City Charles Tapper: Pittsburgh Transfer Charles Tapper: ElectraSteel Bob Madison: Neosho III Olaf Melhouse: Terminal Dock Railroad Charles Tapper: Mushroom Ideas Charles Tapper: Warrior Iron and Steel Space For The Challenge The Original Plan Based on the Unfinished Room The Revised Plan Map An Opportunity Arose to Have the Space Finished, Tied in to the Rest of the House, and Carpeted. Some Plans Have this Revised Space, But All Plans Are Valid to the Challenge. Copper Belt Railway • Models a Porphyry Copper Mining Operation in Which Pit Haulage Has Been Replaced by Truck Haul • Features Mainline Run From Mine Loader to Concentrator/Smelter Complex • Loads In/Empties Out Set Up With Truck Dump and/or Shaft Loader and Concentrator • Hot Metal, Slag Moves in Smelter Area, Interchange With Major Roads • N Scale, To Take Advantage of Scenery-to-Train Ratio • Linear, Sort Of, and Definitely Walk-Through • An Industry That Justifies Rail Haulage Inspiration Inspiration Note Color of Mine Workings Matte Blister Copper Anode Copper Anode Copper COPPER BELT ROUTE Copper Belt Railroad • Outbound Loads: Copper Anodes (XM), Blister Copper, Sulfuric Acid (Tank Cars), Molybdenum Disulfide (LO). • Inbound Loads: Copper and Iron Scrap, Mining Equipment, Supplies, Empty Cars • Captive Loads/Empties: Ore, Silica Flux, Limestone in Ore Cars, Hoppers, Side Dumps, etc. Power Suggestions • This Layout Could Cover the 60’s to Present • Diesel or Electric Power Could be Justified • Diesels Typical of the Era And Available in N Scale Include Alco RS-2, RS-3, and RSD-4/5 Road Power, Baldwin VO-1000 Switchers, or EMD SD-7 or SD-9 Roadswitchers Available From Atlas, and Alco S-2’s (OOP Rapido) • The Switcher Could Be Assigned to the Smelter Complex, and Several Sets of Road Power To Service Mine and Quarry Runs Rolling Stock: A Challenge Ore Cars Are Seemingly Custom For Each Operation, And Designs Changed Through Time The Short, Tall Gondolas Favored By Some Are Simple Enough To Envision Making Masters of a Few Examples of Empties and Loaded Cars, and Casting Them in Bulk. These Could be Kitbashed From Hoppers or From Scratch Features/Comments • It is Really a Linear Plan, The Turnbacks Simulate the Railroad Trading Mileage for Grade, Following Drainages • This is N Scale and Entirely Uses Atlas Code 55 Track, With 15” Minimum Radius Throughout • Atlas Curved and #5 Switches • Staging is Shown as Two Tracks on Narrow Shelf in Entry; Could be Revised for Under-Deck Staging • Curves and Yards are Probably Overly Generous for an Industrial Operation, Impacting Aisle Space • I Would Revise the Plan to Shift Return Loops Closer to Wall and Thin Bench Widths Also to Increase Aisle Space • Stations and Passenger Service Could be Added • Silica and Carbonate Quarries Not Ideally Situated Operations • One or More Power Sets to Cover Mine to Concentrator and Return Runs: Limited By Operator Space • Multiple Road Jobs Would Call for Train Orders, Since the Railroad is Dark • Full Time Smelter Switcher Handles Plant Moves, Assembles Transfers, Switches Interchange Yard Classifying Outbound Loads and Assembling Transfer Cuts • Several Transfer Runs From Interchange Road or Roads from Staging: Having More Than One Road Would Generate More Traffic and Also Create a Need for Classifying Outbound Cuts • Turns to Service Quarries, Copper Recovery Facility: Road Moves Could be an Excuse for Simple Train Orders 3’ Door Sketching Master A Attic Access V.AC D Storage Space 3’ Door . Duct 2 Foot Square Grid 3’ Door Storage Space 3’ Door Sketching Master A 3” Duct 6” V.AC 0” D C B Storage Space 3’ Door . Attic Access 3.5” 2 Foot Square Grid 3’ Door Storage Space 3” 1.5” Realignment to Reduce Reach Improved Edge of Benchwork Suggested Loop Revisions (Dotted Red Lines) To Remove Choke Points Improved Edge of Benchwork Johnstown & Union City Railroad By Dave Salamon Johnstown and Union City Railroad The layout design is a multi level and mushroom designed for N scale and is a switching layout, there are no through trains. Local operators at each of the 3 locations, and you could have an addition 1 or 2 operators running transfer or interchange runs between the 2 towns and main yard. Johnstown would be the upper level where the Steel Mill is located and would run around the upper level to the Helix and enter the main yard. Union City would be the waterfront town and would run into the main yard from the other direction The Main yard (Layout Owner can name it whatever he wants…) is major yard where both ends of the line connect with. This is a non stop job, it is always making and breaking trains and switching the local industries. There is also a small staging yard/fiddle yard for bringing cars on and off the layout. The helix is located behind the Central Air/Heat items, access it by crawling under and popping up if needed. It is fairly tight radius but all equipment will operate fine as most cars are the 40-50’ range with a few 65’ mill gondolas. Start with a roughed in plan of what we want to incorporate Cross section of the Multi level/Mushroom design Cross section of the Multi level/Mushroom design overlaid on room drawing Ideas for the track plan, Started with Byron Henderson’s plan in Model Railroad Hobbyist and cut and pasted and modified to fit the area we had. This is just and idea what could be placed in the area provided. Pittsburgh Transfer • Pittsburgh-Based Steel Mill Intraplant Terminal and Switching Railroad • Integrated Steel Mill With Blast Furnaces, BOF, Coke Plant, and Rolling Mills • Interchange With Local Railroads • An Industry That Truly Justifies Big-Time Rail Haulage Top Ten Reasons To Model A Steel Mill Road 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Circular Track Plans are Prototypical Spaghetti-Bowl Layouts are Also Prototypical Sharp Radius Curves are the Norm Steep Grades as Needed Short Trains, But Heavy Tonnage Really Cool Motive Power, Often Minority Builder or Critters… and what Could be More Prototypical Than a Remote-Controlled Locomotive? Awesome Rolling Stock From Hot Metal Torpedoes and Slag Cars to Ingot Buggies and Billet Cars, Plus Gondolas Industrial Canyonlands: Huge Buildings, Lots of Detailing Lots of Movements in a Working Shift Trees? We Don’t Need No Stinkin’ Trees! Inspiration Rationale • Massive Amounts of Inbound Iron Ore, Coal, Coke, Limestone, etc. • Internal Movements of Hot Metal, Slag, Ingots, Billets, Slabs,Coils et al. • Outbound Loads of a Variety of Products: Sheet and Strip, Coil, Structural, Welded to Seamless Tube… Key Elements Features/Comments • HO Scale • Mostly Atlas Components, But Many Walthers #6 Double Crossovers and Crossovers, Plus Curved Turnouts • Wedging a 1970’s Integrated Steel Mill Into a 12’x14’ Space • 3 Blast Furnaces With Highline and Ore Tracks, Crane • Basic Oxygen Furnace and Continuous Caster Plus Teeming Aisles • Coke Plant and By-Product Area • Steep Grades and Sharp Curves, With 18” Minimum Radius and Atlas Radius-Type Switches in Spots • Switching Lead Wraps Around End and Extends on a Thin Shelf into Door Recess • Interchange Lead to P&LE, Union, PC, Chessie System, PittsburghYoungstown-Cleveland Staging Tracks Disappears and Descends Under Ore Line into Underdeck Staging • This Layout Could Generate Tremendous Traffic for 3 Operators and a Tormentor to Bring Transfer Runs in for Nuisance Value • Plan Not Optimized, Would Benefit From Customized or Handlaid Track Components Previous Space • • • • • • Steel Mill Theme Bookshelves Workbench Storage in Shelves, Racks, Roller Bins 8’x12’ Room: 2 Operators Max 58” Benchwork, Mostly 2’ Doors Held Up By Ledgers, 3 Legs, and Heavy Duty Shelf Brackets • Staging Would Have Been on a Shelf in Adjacent Game Room • Benchwork Complete, and Then Job Change and Relocation Future Tunnel Through Wall to Staging Shelf in Game Room BOF Testing Uncoupling Reach, Reading car Numbers 58” Deck Height It Was Never Really This Neat! Library Files and Model Storage Rack Under Blast Furnace Drop-In Section Highline, 2Tracks Ore Stockpile Ore Dump Tracks (2) Mill Flat Used to Test Shipping Building Concept Rolling Mill Flats, Shipping Sections Future Liftout With BF Approach Tracks 3’ Door Attic Access Highline Up V.AC D Storage Space 3’ Door . Duct 2 Foot Square Grid 3’ Door Storage Space 3’ Door Duct Highline Up V.AC D Storage Space 3’ Door . Attic Access 3+” 2 Foot Square Grid 3’ Door Storage Space 3’ Door Storage Space Attic Access . Low Pressure Gas Mains Duct Sarah B Ore V.AC Highline Up Blast Furnaces Crane D Emily A Zimmer Coke Plant Coal Unloading Coke Loading By-Product Loading (Boxcars and Tank Cars) Lime Unloading BOF Scrap 3’ Door Storage Space 3’ Door 2 Foot Square Grid Katie C Elevated Low Pressure Gas Mains From Blast Furnace and Coke Plant Rolling Mill Shipping Building: Coil Steel Continuous Caster as Building Flat 1 2 3 1. Hot Metal Torpedo Track and Slag Track 2. Stores Tracks for Ladle Reline Area (e.g. Firebrick) 3. Teeming Aisles (2 in this case), Big End Up Molds With Hot Tops Slab Yard, Craneway, Loads Slabs For Shipping Out in Gondolas 3’ Door Attic Access Staging V.AC D Storage Space 3’ Door . Duct 2 Foot Square Grid 3’ Door Storage Space Power • The Continuous Caster Plus Active Highline and Ore Dock Suggests a 1970’s Layout • Power Could be a Combination of LowClearance Critters, Older Minority Power (Perhaps Repowered), Some New SW-1500 or SW-1001 Locos (the Former With Slugs) • Several Paint Schemes Give a Sense of History • A Bicentennial is a Must For 1976 • Safety Cars at Each End of Locos, Especially for Remote-Controlled Locos Operations • Patrol Furnace Alley and Switch the Blast Furnaces, Tapped at Regular Intervals: Hot Metal Cars Would be Shuttled to the Basic Oxygen Furnaces • Slag Pots Switched into a Train for Offsite • The BOF Scrap Lines • Teeming Aisles • Lime Unloader at BOF • The Highlines: Coke from the Coke Plant and Offline, Ore Delivered by Offline Ore Specials • Coke Empties to Coke Plant • Coal from Offline to Coke Plant Unloader • By Product Plant (Boxcars and Tank Cars) • A Scale Track Would Add Interest • Transfer Runs, Ore Specials from Connecting Roads Would Enter Yard Facilities to Drop Exchange Loads/Empties • Mill Buildings Would Need to Be Serviced: Loads Going Out and Empties In • Slabs or Rounds to Reheating Furnaces • Slab Shipping from Slab Yard Mckeesport Connecting-Style Cab Having a Few Locomotives in an Older Scheme, Heavily Weathered, Reinforces a Sense of Continuity and History. The Ladle Herald is the Old Scheme, Replaced by a Steel LogoDerived Design Inspired by the Steelers Football Franchise New Logo, Paint Inspired by Steelermania 1976 Obligatory Bicentennial Rolling Stock Steelermania ElectraSteel 44 Tonner #12 ElectraSteel Precision Engineered Electric Alloy Steels • A Freelanced Alloy Specialty Steel Shop Producing Engineered Steels in an Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) Melt Shop, with Casting, Rolling, Forging, and Tube Capabilities (More Than Just a Mini-Mill) • Interchange with Major Road(s) Via Staging • Raw Materials In and Finished Products and Slabs/Billets/Ingots Out • Electric Arc Furnaces (EAF) Require Little Coke and No Hot Metal, but Take in Abundant Loads of Scrap Steel, and Alloying Materials Like Ferrochrome and Ferromanganese. Baghouse Furnace Building Koppel, PA Rolling Mill Inspiration Narrow Gauge Critter With Huge Pit-Cast Ingot for Forging Lathe Machining a Forging Stripping Ingots, Narrow Gauge Vacuum Casting Chamber Electric Arc Furnace Features • This HO Scale Layout Features Tight Curves, Many 18” Radius Curves and Curved Radius Type Turnouts • NOT a Layout for Long Wheelbase Locomotives!!! • Components are Atlas Code 83, Mostly Buried in Ballast, and Select Walthers Code 83 Turnouts. • Steep Branchline Reaches Layout Level From Dreaded Under-deck Staging • Three Operators Possible, but a Bit Cramped • Plan is Not Optimized: Trimming Stock Switches Could Gain Some More Space For Aisles • Continuous Caster (70’s) Could be Modified to be Slab Furnace and Stripper and Soaking Pits for an Earlier-Era Layout—Dual Teaming Aisles and a Bottle Teeming Track Are Provided in the Electric Arc Furnace Building • Caster Limits This to the 70’s or Later • Power Can be Critters (44, 65, 70, 80, 90 Ton) or Second-Hand Alco, Baldwin or EMD Switchers or Perhaps a New SW-1001: Engines Can be Remote Controlled With a “Safety Car” at Either End Made From an Ingot Buggy • Cars Should Include a Few Bottle and Kling Cars, a Few Slag Pots, Ingot Buggies, and Several Captive Heavy Duty Flats • Mill Operations Include Sounding Alarms and Lights Before Entering Buildings, No Locos in Buildings (Reacher Cars) Operations • • • • • • • • • • Service the Scrap Tracks and Charging Aisle of EAF Service Teeming Aisles, Molds to Stripper Mold Prep Area Slag to Dump Area: EAF’s Don’t Make Much Slag Torpedoes and Kling Cars to Casting Division Castings Out to Interchange, Multiple Interchange Roads Using Branch Create Need for Classifying Outbound Loads Service Mill Building Shipping Departments: Mill Protocols Must be Followed Including Reach Cars and Alarms/Bells in Mill Ingots to the Forge and Finished Product Out Slab Yard: Slab Shipping or Transfer to Rolling Mills Deliver Anodes, Firebrick, Containers of Ferrochrome Etc. to EAF Transfer Runs From Connecting Roads, Inbound Cars Sorted for Distribution to Various Plants Storage Space 3’ Door Sketching Master Attic Access . Duct V.AC 3’ Door Storage Space 3’ Door 2 Foot Square Grid Lead Extends on Shelf on Wall for Extra 3’ of Lead, Wall Disguised by Mill Flats Loco Shop Bay In Mill 3’ Door Storage Space Welded Tubular Division Attic Access V.AC Slab Yard Coil Shipping Scrap EAF Continuous Caster Seamless Tube & Wire Division Forge Division 3’ Door . Down to Staging Duct Storage Space 3’ Door 2 Foot Square Grid Steel Castings Division Backdrop in Blue, Makes Room For Window Access: Could Have Mill Flats Pierced Seamless Tube Shipping Department “Rounds” In, Loading Reheating Furnaces Forge Department: Large Pit-Cast or Vacuum-Cast Ingots In, Finished Castings to Wire and Rod Shipping Department Machined Parts Out Steel Castings Division: Pouring Pits, Vacuum Casting Chamber, and Stripper for Big End Up Molds Welded Tubular Division Receives Coil, Called “Skelp”, Which is Rolled and Welded Into Tubes 3’ Door A Attic Access V.AC D C B Storage Space 3’ Door . Duct Down to Staging 2 Foot Square Grid 3’ Door Storage Space Storage Space 3’ Door A Attic Access . Duct V.AC D C ElectraSteel Is Generic: Interchange Roads Could be P&LE and PC, B&LE and B&O, P&WV, Erie Lackawanna, or Any Western PA Road B 3’ Door Storage Space 3’ Door 2 Foot Square Grid UP Neosho III • Missouri Branchline Plan • Takes a “Less is More” Approach With Emphasis on Casual and Prototypical Branchline Operations With Full Crew • Bob Provided Detailed Operations Plan • Advantages Clearly are the Layout Can be Built Inexpensively, Brought to a High Degree of Detail • Rocket Test Facility is an Unusual Industry LAYOUT NAME: NEOSHO III DESIGNER: BOB MADISON Geographic Location: Neosho, Missouri Era: 1956 Scale: HO Minimum typical curve radius: 24" Minimum typical turnout standards: #6 Minimum grade: optional (prototype represents start of "Neosho Hill" rising toward Camp Crowder) Elevation: 54" Car Capacity (in 40' cars, approximate): Cassette: 4 cars each track Express track: 6 Southbound sort: 10 Northbound sort: 8 Runaround: 6 Yard lead: 4 Ice/Kraft Cheese: 4 Farm Supply: 4 Industrial Drive: 4 Camp Crowder runaround: 6 Rocketdyne: 5 cars each track Rocketdyne lead: 3 Main south of Rocketdyne switch: 5 Motive power: Baldwin VO-660 or Fairbanks-Morse H-15-44 Operator positions/duties: 1) Conductor: maintains switchlist and is responsible for train movements. 2) Engineer: responds to orders of conductor. 3) Brakeman: throws all switches; couples and uncouples cars. 4) Agent (host): prepares and maintains on-hand report; attends to Lime Kiln/Wolf Milling and SLSF cars. Terminal Dock Railroad Company By Olaf Melhouse A Switching Layout With a Dock Area and Connections to Local Railroads (Erie, Lehigh Valley, and Central RR of New Jersey) Features Abundant Switching Moves and Industries to Service Mushroom Variations Inspired by a Conversation With Carl Schorfheide No Helices, Separate Layouts Perhaps Separate Scales or Even Separate Themes Tie Into Rafters Lower Deck 17 Walkway Basic Concept Upper Deck Over Lower Walkway 14 Elevated Gallery for Operators Plan 14x17 Mushroom Idea Applied to Layouts 1. Wharf Rats*: A Freelanced New York Harbor Rail Marine “Layout Cluster” in N or N/HO 2. South Side Belt, Incorporating Interchange Yard with P&WV’s Mifflin Branch (West Side Belt) *With Apologies to Rich Montesano and Tom Fausser Wharf Rats • New York Harbor Rail Marine: A Cluster of Mostly Single-Operator Component Layouts to an Overall System • Ideal Arrangement Because Operators are Essentially in Fixed Positions and Narrow Aisles Less of a Problem • One Layout Located on a Folding Table in Another Room • Down Side is No Mainline Running, of Course Float Yard X A No-Mushroom Scenario Jersey Shore Line Bronx Terminal Freelanced N Scale Version of DL&W’s 25th Street Yard (Over Staging Yard For Jersey Shore Yard) Freelanced Version of B&O’s 26th Street Yard Carfloat 17 Float Yard 14 Jersey Shore Yard (N Scale) Mushroom, Four Independent Layouts Bronx Terminal “Floater” on Folding Table in Game Room Carfloat Brooklyn Connecting (HO, Proto:87) Plan 14x17 Freelanced Version of B&O’s 26th Street Yard Girder Rail, Street Running To Staging Freelanced N Scale Version of DL&W’s 25th Street Yard (Over Staging Yard For Jersey Shore Yard) Upper Deck Red, Lower Deck Blue No Helices, Separate Layouts South Side Belt N Scale Freelanced Branch Line and Urban Industrial Switching: Mushroom Option Allows Modeling Interchange Operations Jay Gould Invades Pittsburgh’s South Side With Help From J&L and Oliver Iron South Side Belt • Proto-Freelanced, Fictional Branch Line of the P&WV From Their West Side Belt to the Heavily Industrialized South Side of Pittsburgh. • Takes the Place of the PRR’s Whitehall Branch. • Operated as a Subsidiary of the P&WV, With Fleet Painted in P&WV Colors But Lettered “South Side Belt”. • Power Would be H-15-44’s and H-16-44’s 80-89, Fitting Into the P&WV Lettering Sequence of 50-79 for H-2044’s and 90-93 For H-16-44’s. • Vary Carbodies From Early to Late to Simulate Gradual Purchases. PRR’s Whitehall Branch Red = Whitehall Branch The South Side Belt Green = Pittsburgh and Lake Erie SSB: Up Beck’s Run to a Connection With the P&WV (West Side Belt) and Montour Plan, in Progress But Not Finished at the Time of the Meet Covers Only the Dotted Area: Going Mushroom Might Allow Modeling the Connection With the P&WV Area of Previous Slide P&WV Main To P&WV Mifflin Branch (P&WV, Montour) South Side Belt Maps Allegheny and South Side 3’ Door Storage Space Sketching Master A Attic Access C B Storage Space 3’ Door V.AC D N Scale: Using Detailed, Vintage City Maps To Conceptualize The South Side Belt and Guide Track Planning: Some Compromises, Simplifications Will Be Neccessary 3’ Door . Duct 2 Foot Square Grid This Block Rotated 90 Degrees Storage Space 3’ Door Sketching Master A Attic Access C B Storage Space 3’ Door V.AC D 3’ Door . Duct 2 Foot Square Grid N Scale: Using Detailed, Vintage City Maps To Conceptualize The South Side Belt and Guide Track Planning: Some Compromises, Simplifications Will Be Neccessary Storage Space 3’ Door P&LE Main And Running Tracks D C South Side Belt V.AC Using Detailed, Vintage City Maps To Conceptualize The South Side Belt, the Inner Track (Pgh & Whitehall or P&W) Between Industries and P&LE Freelanced Monongahela Connecting Yard South Side Belt Helix B 3’ Door Mon Con to Staging P&LE Helix Sketching Master A Attic Access . Duct Storage Space 3’ Door 2 Foot Square Grid Light Blue = Backdrop P&LE Helix Mushroom Dreams… Add Helixes Mushroom Idea Lower Deck in Blue With Upper Deck in Red Underdeck Staging, Lowest Level of Railroad Storage Space 3’ Door P&LE Helix V.AC D C South Side Belt Gallery For Upper Deck Freelanced Monongahela Connecting Yard Light Blue = Backdrop South Side Belt Helix B P&LE Helix 3’ Door Mon Con to Staging P&LE Main And Running Tracks Interchange Yard No Access @ 15’ Radius Belt Engine Facility Sketching Master A Attic Access . Duct Storage Space 3’ Door 2 Foot Square Grid With An Upper Deck: Plan is Under Development and Not Complete Warrior Iron and Steel Company • WISCO: Inspired By The Industrial Railroads of Birmingham, AL • Coal Mining, Iron Ore Mining, Limestone Quarrying, Iron and Steel Making, Cast Iron Pipe, Coke, Cement, and Even a Port. • Based on the Mary Lee and Woodward Railroads, With a Dash of Birmingham Southern, ACIPCO, McWane Cast Iron Pipe, U.S. Pipe and Foundry, Nucor, and USS Fairfield. • An Interplant Railroad Set in Fictitious Warrior County, AL • Plausible Interchange Partners: L&N, CofG, Southern, Frisco, IC, GM&O, ACL, SAL. Inspiration Woodward Blast Furnaces Mary Lee RR Coal Train Iron Mine Birminghamport, AL Four-High Millstands Reheating Furnaces Scale Breaker Steel Mill Building Built For the “Wrecking Crew” Club in Birmingham: Photo Enhanced Since the Backdrop and Tunnel Lining Was Removed For Work, and They Had Snapped Off The Warrior Iron and Steel Sign! Scratchbuilt Rolling Mill Interior With Resin Millstands: Needs More Weathering!! Disguises Corner Mill Interior C. Tapper Limestone Quarry Koppers Coke Battery and By-Product UP 0” 0” Cast Iron Pipe Division Highline Pipe Shipping Pig Caster Southern Warrior Iron and Steel is an N Scale Freelanced Road Based on the Mary Lee, Woodward, and Birmingham Southern/TCI&RRCO Operations in Birmingham, AL 0” Warrior Steel Plant WISCO Central Furnaces 2” Warriorport (River Terminal) Birmingham is Unique in that all of the Components of Iron and Steel Making Exist in Proximity SAL Red Hill Iron Mines WISCO 0” 2” 3” Plan is Under Development and Not Complete Flat Top Mines (Coal) Layout Features Blast Furnaces, Coke and By-Product Plant, Cast Iron Pipe Facility, a Steel Mill (Not Complete on Plan), a River Port, and Multiple Interchanges With L&N, Frisco, CofG, Southern, and SCL Switching to Road Jobs, Coal to Industrial Vital Links Fallen Flags Railroad Photos: http://gelwood.railfan.net/ Nevada Northern (Copper Hauler): http://nevadanorthernrailway.net/ Bingham Canyon: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm4/search.php?CISOROOT=/USHS_Class Search from there for historic Bingham and Garfield, Bingham, etc. pictures. Hoboken Shore: • • http://hbs.railfan.net/ http://austinfieldoffice.com/modelrailroad/ (Modeling) New York Harbor Railroads • • http://www.freightrrofnyc.info/ http://members.trainweb.com/bedt/IndustrialLocos.html Pittsburgh Maps: http://digital.library.pitt.edu/maps/ Birmingham Area Data: http://www.bhamrails.info/index.htm HABS/HAER: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections/habs_haer/ Steel Mill Modelers • • • • http://www.tacoma-trains.com/bobspage.htm http://www.daveayers.com/Modeling/Steel.htm http://www.zahkunst.net/mainpage.htm http://mussersteelmill.blogspot.com/