Passive Opacal LAN and Fiber Trends, Tesang and Updates – Get

Passive Op*cal LAN and Fiber Trends, Tes*ng and Updates – Get the Facts Rodney Casteel RCDD/NTS/OSP, CommScope, Chair TIA FOTC Tony Irujo, OFS Tyler VanderPloeg, JDSU Loni Le Van-­‐EGer, 3M Agenda • 
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Who Is FOTC – Rodney Casteel OpLcal Fiber Trends – Tony Irujo Standards Update – Rodney Casteel POL –  Rodney Casteel, CommScope –  Loni Le Van-­‐EGer, 3M •  POL Fiber TesLng – Tyler VanderPloeg •  Final QuesLons Fiber Op*cs Technology Consor*um Overview: •  Part of the TelecommunicaLons Industry AssociaLon (www.Laonline.org) •  UnLl last year, we had been known as the Fiber OpLcs LAN SecLon (FOLS). Our new name was chosen to reflect our expanding charter. •  Formed 20 years ago •  Mission: to educate users about the benefits of deploying fiber in customer-­‐owned networks •  FOTC provides vendor-­‐neutral informaLon Fiber Op*cs Technology Consor*um Current Members •  3M •  AFL •  Berk-­‐Tek, a Nexans Company •  Corning •  CommScope •  Fluke Networks •  General Cable •  JDSU www.tiafotc.org
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Leviton OFS Panduit Sumitomo Electric Lightwave •  Superior Essex •  TE ConnecLvity •  Tellabs TIA Fiber Optics Technology
Consortium
Fiber Op*cs Technology Consor*um
•  Maintain a website with Fiber FAQs, White Papers and other resources – www.Lafotc.org. •  Developed and maintain a free Cost Model that allows users to compare installed first costs of several architectures. •  Host a webinar series throughout the year with all webinars available on demand. •  Speak at industry conferences like BICSI •  Contribute to industry publicaLons – check out our arLcle on Making Networks Greener in BICSI News. •  ConducLng market research Fiber Op*cs Technology Consor*um
•  Recent Webinars Available on Demand
–  Permanent Link TesLng of MPO Cable Plant for Higher Speed Channels –  The Future VCSEL-­‐LOMMF Landscape in Data Centers –  Standards-­‐based Design & TesLng of Passive OpLcal LAN SoluLons •  Visit www.Lafotc.org or our channel on BrightTalk Webinars are eligible for CEC credit for up to two years a`er they are first broadcast. Email [email protected] if you have completed a webinar and want to receive your CEC. www.tiafotc.org
TIA Fiber Optics Technology
Consortium
Fiber Trends in the Enterprise Tony Irujo – OFS Sources include: CRU, IEEE, Cisco, Mathew Burroughs IP Traffic Growth •  Global IP traffic has grown 4x since 2009. •  Global IP traffic is expected to grow 3x over the next five years. •  Almost half of all traffic will come from non-­‐PC devices in 2017. •  Mobile and wireless traffic will exceed wired traffic by 2016. Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI):
Forecast and Methodology, 2012-2017
May 29, 2013
8
IP Traffic Growth “Cisco VNI:
Forecast and Methodology,
2012-2017"
May 29, 2013
Mobile: Includes mobile data and Internet traffic generated by handsets, notebook cards, and
mobile broadband gateways
Internet: Denotes all IP traffic that crosses an Internet backbone
Managed IP: Includes corporate IP WAN traffic, IP transport of TV/VoD
9
Internet Applica*ons q  YouTube
ü  July 2013 – 100 hours of video
uploaded every minute 1
ü  July 2013 – 6 billion hours of video
watched/month, 40% on mobile
devices 1
q  Facebook
ü  September 2013 – 1.19 billion
monthly users, 727 million daily
users 2
1
2
http://www.youtube.com/t/press_statistics/
http://newsroom.fb.com/Key-Facts
10
What is happening today q  Cloud Computing
Migration to hosted services
http://www.princeton.edu/~ddix/cloud-computing.html
Next Genera*on 40G & 100G Ethernet •  Official IEEE Task Force – 802.3bm •  MoLvaLons: reduced power, increased density, reduced cost. •  For 40G – affects SM only. –  Add 40km capability (40GBASE-­‐ER4) •  For 100G – affects MM only. –  4 x 25G on MM (100GBASE-­‐SR4). –  Likely 100m on OM4, 70m on OM3. –  More logical and cost effecLve upgrade path from 40G compared to 100GBASE-­‐SR10. •  Completed standard planned for March 2015 400G Ethernet •  Study Group formed, ObjecLves adopted. – 
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– 
– 
– 
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Support BER beGer or equal than 10-­‐13. Support full duplex only. Preserve Ethernet frame format and min & max frame size. Support OTN. Specify opLonal Energy Efficient Ethernet capability. Reach objecLves: • 
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At least 100m over MMF At least 500m over SMF At least 2 km over SMF At least 10 km over SMF Millions of Ports
40/100 Gb Ethernet Today 100 Mbs 1 Gbps 10 Gbps 40 Gbps 100 Gbps Two Basic Op*cal Fiber Types 1. Multimode
62.5 micron
2. Single-mode
50 micron
~8 micron
125 micron
850 nm
& some 1300 nm
Operating
Wavelengths
1310 - 1625 nm
Larger cores and lower wavelengths
drive source and system costs down
Fiber Types Industry Standards
Fiber Type
62.5/125
50/125
50/125
50/125
Std SM
Low Water Peak
SM
(1)
(2)
(5)
ISO/IEC 11801
ANSI/TIA-568-C.3
(cable)
(1)
OM1
(2)
OM2
OM3
OM4
OS1
(5)
OS2
IEC 60793-2-10
(fiber)
TIA/EIA
(fiber)
ITU-T
(fiber)
A1b
A1a.1
A1a.2
A1a.3
B1.1
492AAAA
492AAAB
492AAAC
492AAAD
492CAAA
--G.651.1
----G.652.A or B
B1.3
492CAAB
G.652.C or D
OM1 is typically 62.5µm, but can also be 50µm
OM2 is typically 50µm, but can also be 62.5µm
OS2 is referenced in the standard ISO/IEC 24702 "Generic Cabling for Industrial Premises"
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Op*cal Fiber Types and Cable Specifica*ons Min Bandwidth
Fiber Type
OM1
62.5 µm
OM2
50 µm
OM3
50 µm
OM4
50 µm
OS1
Single-Mode ISP
OS2*
Single-Mode ISP
Wavelength Max Loss
(nm)
850
1300
850
1300
850
1300
850
1300
1310
1550
1310
1550
(dB/km)
3.5
1.5
3.5
1.5
3.5
1.5
3.5
1.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
(MHzž km)
OFL BW
EMB
200
500
500
500
1500
500
3500
500
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
2000
n.a.
4700
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
* OS2 is a "low water peak" single-mode fiber that has low attenuation in the 1385nm region.
It is suitable for CWDM applications.
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Evolu*on of Short Reach Applica*ons 18
Ethernet Link Distance/ Applica*on Mapping Data Center
Building Backbone
Application
Link Speed
Lg. Data
Center
Building
Backbone
Very Lg. Data Center
Building Backbone
Building
Backbone
Campus
Backbone
Campus
Backbone
Campus
Backbone
100Mb/s
100BASE-FX
OM2 50µm Fiber
OM1 62.5 µm Fiber
OM3/OM4
Multimode Fiber
1 Gb/s
1000BASE-SX
OM4
Multimode
Fiber
10 Gb/s
10GBASE-SR
40 Gb/s
40GBASE-SR4
OM4
Multimode
Fiber
100 Gb/s
OS1/OS2
Single-mode Fiber
100GBASE-SR10
Link Distance
33m
83m
100m
150m
275m 300m
550m
1000m
>1000m
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Fibre Channel Link Distance Link
Speed
Media Type
OM4
4G FC
OM3/OM4
8G FC
800-M5-SA-I
8G FC
OM4
800-M5-SN-I
OM4
16G FC
Link
Distance
OS1/OS2
100m
125m
150m
190m
300m
380m
400m >400m
Worldwide Mul*mode Fiber Demand by Region CRU
August 2013
Worldwide Mul*mode Fiber Demand by Type Ø  IP traffic and server growth
drive fiber demand
Ø  Virtualization increasing
server usage and bandwidth
demands
Ø  Servers requiring multiple
Ethernet connections
Ø  10Gbps server links drive
40Gbps uplinks
CRU
August 2013
22
Worldwide Mul*mode Fiber Demand by Type Ø  Increasing OM3 and OM4
market share
Ø  Corresponding decline in
OM1 and OM2 share over
the same period
CRU
August 2013
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North American Demand Source: Burroughs North America Multimode Market Reports
North American Mul*mode Mix Source: Burroughs North America Multimode Market Reports
Mul*mode vs. Single-­‐mode in the Enterprise – All Cable Types Source: Burroughs North America Multimode Market Reports
Mul*mode vs. Single-­‐mode in the Enterprise – Tight Buffer Source: Burroughs North America Multimode Market Reports
Conclusions •  OpLcal fiber demand conLnues to grow in the enterprise market as bandwidth demand increases •  OM1 and OM2 fibers are becoming obsolete •  Higher grade OM3 and OM4 fiber is the fiber of choice in today’s short reach market •  Worldwide demand for Laser OpLmized OM3 and OM4 fiber is growing Standards Update Courtesy of Pete Pondillo, Corning Inc. Engineering CommiXee TIA TR-­‐42 •  TelecommunicaLons Cabling Systems –  Develops and maintains voluntary telecommunicaLons standards for telecommunicaLons cabling infrastructure in user-­‐owned buildings –  Covers requirements for copper and opLcal fiber cabling components (such as cables, connectors and cable assemblies), installaLon, and field tesLng TR-­‐42 Documents •  Common Standards –  End-­‐users –  Broadly Applicable •  Premises Standards –  End-­‐users –  Narrow Focus –  ExcepLons/Allowances to Common Standards •  Component Standards –  Manufacturers •  Related Standards –  FOTPs –  Fiber SpecificaLons Common
Standards
ANSI/TIA-568-C.0
(Generic)
TIA-569
(Pathways and
spaces)
ANSI/TIA-606
(Administration)
ANSI/TIA-607
(Bonding and
grounding
[earthing])
ANSI/TIA-758
(Outside plant)
ANSI/TIA-862
(Building
automation
systems)
Premises
Standards
ANSI/TIA-568-C.1
(Commercial)
ANSI/TIA-570
(Residential)
ANSI/TIA-942
(Data centers)
ANSI/TIA-1005
(Industrial)
ANSI/TIA-1179
(Healthcare)
Component
Standards
ANSI/TIA-568-C.2
(Balanced twistedpair cabling and
components)
ANSI/TIA-568-C.3
(Optical fiber
cabling
components)
ANSI/TIA-568-C.4
(Coaxial cabling
and components)
Standards Overview •  What is the process for developing a standard? –  Projects are proposed and must be approved –  ContribuLons are reviewed –  Dra` documents are created then balloted to remove or resolve contenLous issues –  With consensus, the document is released for publicaLon –  Can take a few months or many years Standards Overview •  What is the process for revising a standard? –  Maximum 5-­‐year lifespan for standards •  Must be revised, re-­‐affirmed or withdrawn –  Addenda may be added to keep the document growing with advances in technology •  Addenda may then be incorporated into the new revision of the standard. Ballot Process New Project
Create Draft
Committee
Ballot
Ballot
Comment
Resolution
Re-ballot
or Industry?
New Draft
Industry Ballot Process
Ballot
Comment
Resolution
Industry
Ballot
Committee Ballot Process
Reballot
or Default?
Default
Ballot
Published
Standard
New Draft
Ballot
Comment
Resolution
Re-ballot
or Final?
Final Default
Ballot
TR-­‐42.1: SubcommiXee on Generic Cabling and Commercial Building Cabling •  Revisions of the next ediLons pertaining to premises standards in TR-­‐42 on 568-­‐D Series conLnues –  CommiGee ballot comments resolved –  2nd commiGee ballot •  Task group on ensuring security of cabling (physical) conLnues development towards a working dra` document •  TIA-­‐862-­‐A Revision, Structured Cabling Infrastructure Standard for Intelligent Building Systems –  Project request has been approved and a dra` revision has been developed TR-­‐42.1: SubcommiXee on Generic Cabling and Commercial Building Cabling •  TIA-­‐4966, EducaLonal FaciliLes –  SubcommiGee resolved comments on the 3rd industry ballot –  Agreed to circulate a default ballot and provisionally approved publicaLon if there were no “NO” votes or technical comments to address •  TSB-­‐162 TelecommunicaLons cabling guidelines for wireless access points –  SubcommiGee resolved all comments editorially –  Approved TSB-­‐162-­‐A for publicaLon •  Work conLnuing for the distributed antenna system (DAS) with a dra` in progress TR-­‐42.3: SubcommiXee on Pathway and Spaces •  Project authorizaLon for 569D, TelecommunicaLons pathways and spaces, was reviewed, revised and approved –  First ballot targeted for a`er the upcoming meeLng –  IniLal dra` revision presented and was deemed further changes were required –  Task group formed to review possible changes to the document •  Unit of measure conversions •  Conduit sizing and bends •  Room sizing •  Pull box selecLon TR-­‐42.5: SubcommiXee on Telecommunica*ons Infrastructure Terms and Symbols •  TIA-­‐440-­‐C document, Fiber OpLc Terminology revision underway –  DefiniLons for permanent link and media were revised –  DefiniLons for polarity (opLcal fiber) and backbone cabling were added –  Figure for generic cabling topology is being redrawn for clarificaLon –  Ballot comments for TIA-­‐440-­‐C were substanLally resolved with input from TR 42.11 and TR 42.12. –  AddiLonal comments were referred to TR 42.13 for resoluLon at the next meeLng. TR-­‐42.7: SubcommiXee on Copper Cabling Components •  Cable impulse noise task group agreed to create a new TSB to describe the phenomena •  The 1152-­‐1 Field Tester requirements task group reported proposed requirements and noise floor invesLgaLons for alien crosstalk tesLng •  The Class II limits task group reported that they are developing requirements relaLve to these components •  Category 8 dra` development included agreement to incorporate revised limits for connector inserLon loss that will improve channel inserLon loss and channel NEXT and PSNEXT loss that will beGer harmonize with ISO/IEC Class I developments. TR-­‐42.10: SubcommiXee on Sustainable Informa*on Communica*on Technology •  The Sustainable Technology Environment Program (STEP) foundaLon on the User’s guide manual and the contribuLon on the STEP raLng for ICT vendors –  Both documents will be cleaned and forwarded to the group for review –  Plan is to discuss disposiLon of these 2 documents •  Started the SP ballot comments resoluLon which will conLnue at the upcoming meeLng TR-­‐42.11: SubcommiXee on Op*cal Fiber Systems •  ANSI/TIA-­‐526-­‐14-­‐B addendum 1 –  Change from adopLon to adapLon IEC 61280-­‐4-­‐1 ed2 standard (MulLmode aGenuaLon measurement for installed cable plant) •  Change the normaLve usage of the EF launch condiLons –  Ballot comments resolved and 2nd PN ballot will be iniLated •  568.3-­‐D, OpLcal Fiber Cabling and Components Standard –  1st PN ballot comment resoluLon parLally completed –  Two task groups formed: •  Discuss addiLons of PON spliGer specificaLons •  Array component depicLon improvements TR-­‐42.12: SubcommiXee on Op*cal Fiber and Cable •  TIA 598-­‐D Color Coding Standard –  Ballot comments reviewed and resolved –  Decision to remain with aqua as OM4 cable jacket color •  Task force for Bend-­‐insensiLve mulLmode fiber mission complete –  Key IEC documents related to core diameter, numerical aperture, and the detail specificaLon have been approved to be submiGed for commiGee dra` (CD) •  Discussion conLnued for adopLng IEC SMF and MMF specificaLons into the TIA-­‐492 series of fiber specificaLons TR-­‐42.13: SubcommiXee on Passive Op*cal Devices and Fiber Op*c Metrology •  Adhesives Guidelines PN-­‐4947 (comments resolved in February) –  Go to overdue ballot •  Return Loss CalibraLon ArLfact Update –  Informal round robin planned to come with CW systems and report results next meeLng Passive Op*cal LAN What, When and How Loni Le Van-­‐EGer, 3M Rodney Casteel, CommScope Agenda • 
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What is a Passive OpLcal LAN ? Which standards support it ? When should it be used ? How do I design and test it ? Closing, Q & A What Is A Passive Op*cal LAN ? What is PON? •  Passive OpLcal Network. •  Facilitates a higher bandwidth broadband access technology •  With a PON, opLcal fiber is deployed either all the way or almost all the way to the end user •  Passive because: –  network only consists of passive light transmission components (fiber links, spliGers and couplers), with electronics only at the endpoints –  This creates great cost savings for the provider (more reliable and less costly to operate/troubleshoot) •  PONs use a Point-­‐to-­‐MulL-­‐Point (P2MP) topology –  With a 1:n spliGer PON Types •  APON –  IniLal name for ATM based PON spec. Designed by Full Service Access Network (FSAN) group. •  BPON –  Broadband PON standard specified in ITU G.983.1 through G.893.7 –  APON renamed –  Supports 155 or 622 Mbps downstream, 155 Mbps upstream. PON Types •  GPON (Gigabit Passive Op*cal Network) —  ITU Standard G.984 —  Downstream 2.488Gbits/s, Upstream 1.244Gbits/s —  Uses GPON EncapsulaLon Method (GEM), fragmented packets or ATM —  ITU Standard G.987 for 10Gbits •  Symmetrical 10GB •  Asymmetric 10 GB downstream /2.488/10GB upstream •  Commercial availability in 2014/2015 Lme frame
PON Types •  EPON (Ethernet Passive Op*cal Network) —  SomeLmes called GEPON (Gigabit Ethernet Passive OpLcal Network) —  IEEE 802.3 standard, raLfied as 802.3ah-­‐2004 for 1Gbits/s —  Symmetrical 1.25GB downstream and upstream —  Uses standard 802.3 Ethernet data frames —  IEEE 802.3av standard for 10Gbits/s •  Symmetrical 10GB •  Asymmetric 10GB downstream / 1GB upstream •  Commercially available today How PON Works Downstream Broadcast
Downstream Broadcast
All ata goes o NTs, all O
NUs, nd the ONU All dd
ata goes to all tO
and the OaNT address controls the downstream data.
address controls the downstream data.
OLT
Upstream TDM Opera*on
Upstream TDMA Opera*on
ONTs send informaLon to the OLT in a ONUs send informaLon to the OLT in a specific Lme window.
specific Lme window.
OLT
ONT
ONU
User 1
ONT
ONU
User 2
ONT
ONU
User 3
ONT
ONU
User 1
ONT
ONU
User 2
ONT
ONU
User 3
PON FTTx Architecture What is POL? Enterprise Office Building
• Passive OpLcal LAN. Aka “VerLcal PON”, “OpLcal LAN” 2nd FLOOR
Splitter/interconnect
• Uses FTTx PON components in an indoor environment Desktop ONT
1st FLOOR
• Data
Splitter/interconnect
• Video
• Voice
Desktop ONT
BASEMENT
• Again, opLcal fiber (single mode) is deployed almost all the way to the end user • Point-­‐to-­‐mulL-­‐point Interconnect to riser
EPON OLT
Service Provider Network Passive Op*cal Network Overview •  POL is an Enterprise passive opLcal network based on legacy PON architecture –  ITU-­‐T G.984.x GPON –  IEEE 802.3ah EPON •  Enterprise applicaLons began around 2009 –  Vendors with new so`ware features, new hardware for indoor applicaLons •  Point to mulL-­‐point architecture •  ULlizes singlemode fiber end-­‐to-­‐end 54
Copper-­‐based LAN • 
• 
AcLve Ethernet switches for LAN core, aggregaLon and access funcLons Cable infrastructure per service o 
o 
o 
CATx Coax Some MulL-­‐mode Fiber (MMF) Passive Op*cal LAN • 
Passive opLcal network (PON) o 
o 
o 
• 
OpLcal Line Terminal (OLT) OpLcal distribuLon network OpLcal Network terminaLons (ONT) Single mode fiber converges all building ICT services over single infrastructure Local
Provisioning &
Management
Centralized
Provisioning &
Management
OLT
Campus Aggregation
Distance
Limited –
MMF – 550m
Copper – 100m
Building Aggregation
Communication Closet
building
automation
End User
Passive Over
Network 20km/12mi
Distance
wireless
security
Benefits of Singlemode Fiber for the LAN § Superior Performance
– Greater bandwidth and distance. – No cross-­‐talk, interference § Easier Installation
– No ladder rack required – Fiber is easier to test & cerLfy – No shielding required for EMI and RFI § Pulling Tension
– Fiber more robust than copper cables – Fiber typically has a 50/100 lb tension; copper only 25 lb pull strength. § Highly Secure
– Harder to tap than copper; not vulnerable to emissions § Easier to Upgrade
– Future-­‐ready for higher bandwidths – SM lasts for generaLons of electronics § Non-Heat Producing
– Fiber is all-­‐dielectric – Less likely to cause a fire than copper § Environmentally Friendly
– AGenuates signal less than copper – Consumes far less raw materials § Much smaller
– Smaller size and lighter weight but more capacity than copper cables – Less an impact on environmental sustainability Which Standards Support It ? Industry Support •  APOLAN Global industry associaLon formed (www.APOLANglobal.org) –  AssociaLon for Passive OpLcal LAN industry organizaLon –  Member companies consisLng of • 
• 
• 
• 
Distributors AcLve and passive equipment manufacturers IT integrators Consultants, and other affiliaLons –  Advocates the educaLon and global adopLon of passive opLcal networks for the LAN marketplace 58
BICSI Support •  BICSI TDMM (TelecommunicaLons DistribuLon Methods Manual) 13th EdiLon published January 2014 •  Includes PON chapter in the Horizontal DistribuLon SecLon •  Contains special consideraLon topics for PON design in a commercial environment •  Developed by mulLple vendors parLcipaLon 59
TIA Passive Op*cal LAN Support – August 2012 •  TIA-­‐568-­‐C.0-­‐2-­‐2012 Generic TelecommunicaLons Cabling for Customer Premise – Addendum 2, General Updates •  Table 9 Single-mode Fiber Application support for PON
technologies
– Maximum supportable distances for GPON & EPON applicaLons – Minimum and maximum channel aGenuaLon including couplers and spliGers for PON TIA Standards Applicable to Passive Op*cal LAN Design •  TIA establishes and maintains standards for the premise wiring industry •  Applicable standards include: –  ANSI/TIA-­‐568-­‐C.0, Generic Telecommunica;ons Cabling for Customer Premises –  ANSI/TIA-­‐568-­‐C.1, Commercial Building Telecommunica;ons Cabling Standard –  ANSI/TIA-­‐568-­‐C.2, Commercial Building Telecommunica;ons Cabling Standard; Part 2: Balanced Twisted Pair Cabling Components –  ANSI/TIA-­‐568-­‐C.3, Op;cal Fiber Cabling Components Standard –  TIA-­‐569-­‐C, Commercial Building Standard for Telecommunica;ons Pathways and Spaces –  ANSI/TIA/EIA-­‐606-­‐B, Administra;on Standard for Commercial Telecommunica;ons –  ANSI-­‐J-­‐STD-­‐607-­‐A, Commercial Building Grounding (Earthing) AND Bonding Requirements for Telecommunica;ons –  ANSI/TIA-­‐578-­‐B, Customer Owned Outside Plant Telecommunica;ons Infrastructure Standard When Should It Be Used ? When to Consider •  Suitable and advantageous for many LAN scenarios –  Large number of switch ports –  Higher security inherent to fiber opLcs is required –  Longer distances needed (over 20km supported) –  No emissions and EFI/RFI (industrial applicaLons) –  Bandwidth demands are flexible –  To minimize energy consumpLon –  Congested conduits or Lght spaces (much less material required for PON) –  Non-­‐centralized access switches (ONU/T) are acceptable –  Infrastructure lifecycle duraLon opLmized –  Wireless and PoE not primary focus Building Owner’s Architectural Considera*ons •  New building construcLon/architecture –  Freedom offered by distance of single-­‐mode fiber –  Less space and cabling materials required –  Less in cabling support systems (ladder rack) –  Less fire load –  Less distributor/telecom room spacing (sq`) required •  Less floor distributor HVAC, UPS, copper patch panels, support systems, etc. –  ConsolidaLon of systems supporLng converged services –  ConsolidaLon of mulLple cabling infrastructures all over one single-­‐mode fiber GREEN Buildings •  Passive OpLcal LANs lend easily to Green & Sustainability iniLaLves –  ReducLon of electronics power consumpLon/per Ethernet port (vendor specific) –  Reduced physical cabling materials & new construcLon support systems –  Longevity of the fiber infrastructure –  Converged services support for voice, video, data, security, WiFi, BAS … •  LEED® -­‐ Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED®) raLng system by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) •  STEP -­‐ Sustainable Technology Environments Program –  RaLngs plan that will bring sustainability to technology systems –  TIA TR-­‐42.10 Standard for Sustainable Informa;on Communica;ons Technology (TR-­‐42 TIA standard development in process) –  Key goals of STEP include: –  Minimize energy, Reduce waste, OpLmizing infrastructure design, Provide scalability, & Reduce construcLon materials Today’s Market Adop*on •  Applicable to most •  Real deployment examples verLcals –  San Diego Library –  Military –  USDA, Dept. Homeland –  Government Security –  Higher educaLon –  University of Mary Washington –  Financial –  Russell Investments –  Enterprise offices –  Deltek Headquarters –  Hospitality –  Canon Headquarters –  Healthcare –  MarrioG Hotel 66
–  Pardubice Hospital How Do I Design It ? Fiber Op*c SpliXers •  What is a fiber opLc spliGer? –  Key enabling technology for passive opLcal signal distribuLon –  Contains no electronics –  Uses no electricity (high reliability) –  Signal aGenuaLon is the same in both direcLons –  Non-­‐wavelength selecLve Planar Lightwave Circuit Facility and/or equipment redundancy opLons supported by dual-­‐input spliGers 2x32, 2x16… Optical splitter
OLT dual inputs
68
TIA Compliant Design Requirements TIA-568-C.0-2009 Generic Telecommunications Cabling for Customer Premise
• 
• 
• 
• 
Single-­‐mode fiber for backbone & horizontal (performance specs per TIA-­‐568-­‐C.3) Requires generic structured cabling in a hierarchical star SpliGers allowed in distributor spaces A, B, C —  In a distributor telecom room —  In a distributor enclosure (zone area) —  Not allowed within cabling subsystem 1 Two fiber or higher to each work area recommended —  Although only one fiber needed two can be installed for growth/spare Source: TIA-568-C.0-2009
Distributors A and B are optional (centralized fiber approach).
TIA Performance Criteria TIA-568-C.3 Optical Fiber Cabling Components Standard
Single-­‐mode fiber •  AGenuaLon –  Indoor/Outdoor, Outdoor < .5 dB/km –  Indoor < 1.0 dB/km •  Inside plant Connector Performance •  AGenuaLon (inserLon loss) –  Fiber connectors < .75 dB –  Fiber splices < .3 dB •  Return Loss –  Pull strength 50 lbf min –  26 dB, 55 dB analog video –  Bend radius (<= 4 fibers 1 inch, 2 •  Other: temperature, humidity, inches under load) (> 4 fibers 10x outer impact, coupling strength, …. dia., 20x outer dia. under load) Enhanced products offered from manufacturers today -­‐ •  Single-­‐mode bend insensiLve fiber: —  5mm bend radius (G.657.B3) , indoor/outdoor aGenuaLon < .4 dB/km •  Easy installable mechanical connecLvity: —  Connectors IL < .2-­‐.3 dB typical & RL >55-­‐60 dB; Splices < .1 dB typical Infrastructure Fundamentals •  Simplex Single-­‐mode fiber —  Polarity not a concern for Tx/Rx signals —  MulLmode cannot support the extended reach of PON •  Connector type —  Typically all simplex SC/APC type —  Some excepLons (check with equipment vendors) •  Heavy duty ladder rack not required —  Fiber is light weight & Lny compared to copper •  Longevity, reliability of the fiber plant —  Choose quality spliGers, connectors —  Choose vendors who offer most flexibility J-hook
Other Design Considera*ons •  PON Equipment Vendor OpLons: –  Some ONT’s support Power over Ethernet (WAPs, VoIP phones,…) IEEE802.3af, at –  Some ONTs support copper horizontal distances (100 m) –  Redundancy opLons for fiber facility and/or added equipment redundancy –  OpLons for remote powering &/or baGery reserve at ONT •  Passive infrastructure choices: –  SpliGers –  Interconnect vs. Cross-­‐connect –  Fiber connecLvity Fiber Op*c SpliXers •  Various product formats •  Both single and dual-­‐input •  All pre-­‐connectorized –  Pre-­‐tested, ease of install & use •  Various split raLos –  1 or 2 x 32, 16, 8, 4, 2 Inputs
Outputs
Common Enterprise PON ConfiguraLons Op*cal spliXer(s) ONT 1
SPLITTERS IN TR/
Closet Backbone & Horizontal Cross-­‐connect Telecom Room (TR)/Closet Fiber patch panels – OLT to Riser/ backbone ONT Wall outlet Backbone SPLITTERS IN ZONE Telecom Enclosure DISTRIBUTOR Equip. Room (ER) Fiber patch cords PC, VoIP phone, printer, WAP, etc. ONT Op*cal Network Terminals (ONT) Configura*on 1 – TR Distributor A Configura*on 2 – Zone Distributor A Backbone Cross-­‐connect OLT MC Op*cal spliXer(s) 2
Backbone Floors 1-­‐n Cat x cords Cabling Subsystem 1 Op*cal Line Terminal (OLT) 74
Interconnect vs. Cross-­‐connect Considera*ons I)  Faceplate Module
Interconnect Solution
Fiber from
backbone to
splitter input
on front
3-slot
wide
1x32
way
splitter
module
Horizontal
cabling
plugs into
front splitter
output ports
An interconnect choice
is the most dense and
cost-effective solution.
– Ease of test and MACs w/o unplugging horizontal or spliXer legs – Are all spliXer outputs going to be used? – Adds 1 connector pair (IL) where implemented II)  Pigtail Splitter Module
Interconnect Solution
32 preterminated
output legs
Output legs of
the splitter plug
into front of
adapter plate
Attached
input(s)
and
output
legs
Horizontal
cabling plugs
adapter into back of
adapter plate
plate
Added adapter plates between
splitter and horizontal cabling
complete this interconnect solution.
III) Splitter Module Cross-connect Solution
Fiber from backbone to
splitter input on front
1x32
way
splitter
module
Standard
simplex fiber
patch cord
Horizontal cabling
plugs into back of
adapter plate
32 port
adapter plate
Added adapter plate and fiber patch
cords facilitate full cross-connect/
patching between splitter and
horizontal
ANSI/TIA-­‐568-­‐C.0-­‐2-­‐2012 Generic Telecommunica.ons Cabling for Customer Premises-­‐Addendum 2, General Updates, published August 2012 •  Link and Channel definiLons updated to accommodate PONs •  “Link aXenua*on does not include any acLve devices or passive devices other than cable, connectors, and splices (i.e., does not include spliGers).” •  “Channel aXenua*on includes the aGenuaLon of the consLtuent links, patch cords, and other passive devices such as by-­‐pass switches, couplers and spliGers.” 76
Op*cal Link Budget Allowance The opLcal link budget allowance is a calculated aGenuaLon/ loss expectancy based on the end-­‐to-­‐end components incorporated within the link or channel design. Connectors Splices SpliGer ONT OLT Example: Singlemode Fiber GPON Channel →The aGenuaLon measurement results for the link or channel should always be less than the designed opLcal budget aGenuaLon allowance. Example Op*cal Budget •  OpLcal power budget criteria is specified for the Channel per EIA/TIA 568-­‐C.0-­‐2 –  GPON Class B Min = 10dB, Max = 25dB over 20 km distance –  EPON Min = 10dB, Max = 24dB over 20 km distance •  Channel = ConsLtuent links + fiber cords + spliGers between OLT and ONT Calculating Optical Loss Budget Allowance (TIA)
Step 1 – calculate fiber loss
• .5 dB/km for outside plant
• 1.0 dB/km for inside plant
Step 2 – calculate the connector loss
Example PON Channel Link Budget (TIA)
Item
Total Channel Link Distance (km):
Total Fiber Splices
Total Fiber Connector pairs
Passive 2x32 Splitter
• .75 dB max/connector pair
Step 3 – calculate any splice loss
• .3 dB max per splice
Step 4 – calculate the splitter(s) loss
Step 5 - Include the loss of the connector at the
end of the channel (fiber patch point)
Step 6 -Add all losses
Qty
Loss (dB)
1
0
7
1
Total Loss (dB)
1
0.3
0.75
17.4
1
0
5.25
17.4
Total Channel Link Loss:
23.65
Example PON Channel Link Budget (vendor specs)
Item
Qty
Total Channel Link Distance (km):
Total Fiber Splices
Total Fiber Connector pairs
Passive 2x32 Splitter
Loss (dB)
1
0
7
1
Total Loss (dB)
0.4
0.1
0.2
17.4
0.4
0
1.4
17.4
Total Channel Link Loss:
19.2
Singlemode Fiber Field Tes*ng -­‐ Cer*fica*on for Passive Op*cal LANs •  Tier 1 TesLng is Required – Per TIA/EIA & IEC standards, Link segments should simply be tested visually and tested for loss. –  Visual InspecLons ü  Visually verify installed length as well as minimum end face scratches/
debris and the polarity of any mulL-­‐fiber links –  Power meter/Light Source (PMLS) ü  PM/LS tesLng measures the end-­‐to-­‐end loss of the link ü  If aGenuaLon is under the TIA opLcal budget allowance, it passes for commissioning v  Use ANSI/TIA/EIA-526-7, Method A.1, One Reference Jumper method - Test Cabling Subsystem 1 links at 1310 nm.
- Test Cabling Subsystem 2 or 3 backbone links at 1310 and 1550 nm.
- Test channel at 1310 and 1490 nm (Per TIA-568-C.0-2 Table 9 which states min and max
channel attenuation for singlemode fiber PON applications)
Summary •  Passive OpLcal Network technology has many benefits for the Enterprise environment and may be a viable alternaLve •  The environment will typically dictate which architecture will be most advantageous. Retro-­‐fit environments may not be as conducive to a PON design, but new construcLon will certainly gain the most benefits from a PON •  Design & tesLng of PONS should be done in compliance with TIA cabling industry standards •  Remember, the best architecture may be a mixture of designs. Tes*ng PON in the LAN Tyler Vander Ploeg, RCDD (JDSU) Tes*ng PON in the LAN •  TesLng Overview –  Special ConsideraLons for PON TesLng –  Tier 1 / Tier 2 CerLficaLon •  PON Test SoluLons •  PON TesLng scenarios –  ConstrucLon / Turn-­‐Up –  TroubleshooLng Special considera*ons for PON tes*ng • 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
ConnecLons are Simplex not duplex BidirecLonal transmission on the same fiber TesLng with OpLcal SpliGers Tighter Loss Budgets Many contaminated connecLons to deal with All Singlemode APC connectors Different operaLonal wavelengths than "normal” –  1270, 1310, 1490, 1577 •  Special Tools may be needed –  PON selecLve power meters for construcLon and troubleshooLng –  In-­‐line because ONT does not transmit unless there is a signal from the OLT Tier 1 Cer*fica*on Tes*ng •  What is Tier 1 Fiber CerLficaLon TesLng? –  Fiber InspecLon –  Measure OpLcal Loss –  Check Polarity –  Measure Length* •  Tier 1 Challenges when tesLng PON architectures –  Polarity is not applicable for PON…but ConLnuity is •  ie: …make sure fiber 2 of the spliGer is going to WS24 –  Measuring length in a simplex architecture –  OpLcal Return Loss more of an issue with PON Tier 2 Cer*fica*on Tes*ng •  How TIA-­‐568-­‐C defines Tier 2 TesLng –  Using an OpLcal Lme domain reflectometer (OTDR) –  “OpLonal” per internaLonal standards bodies, it is not required and does not subsLtute for PMLS test –  Recommended for tesLng the outside plant and/or for troubleshooLng –  Further details uniformity of cable aGenuaLon, connector losses, connector/splice or trouble locaLons –  May be requested by the customer Tier 2 Advantages for tes*ng PON With an OTDR you can Measure…
§  Both Multimode & Single mode Links
§  Optical Distance and Fiber Continuity
§  To Events – splices, connectors
§  Faults, end of fiber
§  Optical loss (dB)
§  Splices, connectors
§  Fiber loss (dB/km)
§  Reflectance or ORL
§  Return loss of link or section
§  Reflectance of connectors
§  Allows comparison to a baseline reference
§  Easily isolate problem areas
§  Multiple schematic views
§  Trace View
§  Graphical representations of link
§  Easier to understand
Contamina*on and Signal Performance 1
CLEAN CONNECTION Fiber Contamina*on and Its Affect on Signal Performance Back ReflecLon = -­‐67.5 dB Total Loss = 0.250 dB
3
DIRTY CONNECTION Clean Connection vs. Dirty Connection
The typical budgeted loss for a mated connector pair is 0.5dB
This dirty connector wasted ~10X the budgeted connector loss
This dirty connector caused ~4.9dB which is a 68% power drop
Back ReflecLon = -­‐32.5 dB Total Loss = 4.87 dB
Tools to Qualify and Maintain Enterprise PON Networks Measurement / Test
Tool
Function
Type of
Test
Connector Inspection
Video Inspection Scope
Inspect to ensure connector
endfaces are pristine prior to mating
Basic
Visual Fault Location
VFL
ID fibers, broken patchcords, find
loss inducing bends in closets, risers
Basic
Optical Power Levels
Power Meter
Insertion Loss
Optical Loss Test Set
Distance (fiber length)
Optical Loss Test Set
(w/ distance function)
Check power levels
(verification, troubleshooting)
Basic
Measure Overall Loss
Tier 1
Measure Overall Length
Tier 1
Measure dB/km of fiber, total or
sectional
Evaluate event losses,
ID/ locate mxcrobends
Fiber loss (sectional)
OTDR
Tier 2
Connector/ splice loss
OTDR
Reflectance
OTDR
Evaluate reflective events/
troubleshoot source of bad ORL
Tier 2
Optical Return Loss (ORL)
ORL meter or OTDR
Determine ORL link compliance
(pass/fail/measure)
Tier 2
Tier 2
Tool requirements for Fiber Technicians Drive behavior for best prac*ces • 
• 
• 
Improve technician performance Prevent forming of bad habits Equips technicians follow best pracLces from day 1 Op*mize workflow for essen*al tasks • 
• 
• 
InspecLon / Power Measurement / Cleaning / Fault LocaLon When your Techs work smarter – You save money! Goal = FINISH THE JOB FAST Use it anywhere • 
Datacenters, Overhead Cable Raceways, Under-­‐Floor pathways and spaces, DemarcaLon Points, etc • 
Keep hands free to access equipment, route cable, etc. Prove the quality of your work • 
• 
Store your data on the device Generate cerLficaLon reports Test Solu*ons for PON in LAN •  Inspec*on Microscope –  Pass/Fail Connector InspecLon •  OLS + PON Selec*ve Power Meter –  Simultaneous TesLng of MulLple Wavelengths –  Through-­‐Mode TesLng –  Pass/Fail Connector InspecLon •  OTDR –  Ideal for all phases of PON tests –  Detects faults –  Tests through connectors, splices, and spliGers –  Fiber loss (dB/km) and Event loss –  MulLple schemaLc views Enterprise PON: Construc*on Tes*ng Test Feeder/Backbone link Test Distribution link OPTION 1: Overall Link Loss Measurement Only Tools Advantages Disadvantages • 
• 
• 
OpLcal Light Source • 
PON OpLcal Power Meter • 
• 
• 
• 
Microscope Inexpensive Not True Tier 1 Don’t know length UnidirecLonal loss No ORL/Reflectance Enterprise PON: Construc*on Tes*ng Test Feeder/Backbone link Test Distribution link OPTION 2: Per Event Loss Measurement + Length Tools Advantages Disadvantages • 
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OTDR Microscope See loss per event Know your distance More Expensive Uni-­‐direcLonal More Complex to use (perceived) Enterprise PON: Construc*on Tes*ng Test Feeder/Backbone link Test Distribution link OPTION 2: Fiber Complete Tools Advantages Disadvantages • 
• 
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• 
OTDR • 
• 
• 
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Microscope Fiber Complete (x2) • 
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IL ORL Tier 1 & 2 Test See loss per event Know your distance Bi-­‐DirecLonal Loss Need 2 Testers Uni-­‐direcLonal More Complex to use (perceived) Ques*ons? •  Rodney Casteel ([email protected]) •  Tony Irujo ([email protected]) •  Loni Le Van-­‐EGer (lllevan-­‐[email protected]) •  Tyler VanderPloeg ([email protected]) 94