Programmes - St. Xavier`s College Ranchi

Transcription

Programmes - St. Xavier`s College Ranchi
DRAFT
St. Xavier’s College, Ranchi
(An Autonomous College Affiliated to Ranchi University, Ranchi)
Academic Manual
onSemester Based, Credit and Grading System For
Under Graduate/Post Graduate/M. Phil./B.Ed./Diploma
Programmes
Effective from the Academic Year
-----2013-----
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Semester Based, Credit and Grading System
St. Xavier’s College, Ranchi
This official Academic Manual on Semester based Credit and Grading System
has been published for the use of administrators, teachers, administrative
staff and learners. It is to be implemented in St. Xavier’s College
(Autonomous), Ranchi, with effect from the academic year –2013-2014.
The following members have contributed to the writing of this manual.
1. Dr. R. N. Sinha, President
2. Prof. A. K. Sinha
3. Sanjay Kumar, Coordinator
4. Dr. Jayant Sinha
5. Dr. Sanjay Kumar Ghosh
6. B. K. Sinha
7. Swarat Chaudhuri
8. Dr. N. V. A. Rao
9. Dr. Rajiv Shrivastava
10.Dr. H. N. Kumar
11. Deokant
12. Mitesh Kumar Chakraborty
13.Rajesh Kumar
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Contents
Foreword by the Vice-Chancellor/Chancellor/Principal
Preface by the Controller of Examinations
Unit 1: Introduction
1.1 Need for academic reforms in St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Ranchi
1.2 The Concept of Credit system
1.3 The Rationale for introducing the Credit System
1.4 Advantages of the Credit System
1.5 Need for a clear policy formulation
1.6 Steps needed to be taken while introducing the credit system
1.7 General Recommendations for the use of credit based system
1.8 Key Terms
1.9 Grading System and its advantages
1.10 Seven point grading system
1.11 Calculation of SGPA andCGPA/GGPA based on a 7-point scale
Unit 2: Programmes
2.1. Levels of ProgrammesinSt. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Ranchi
2.2. Course-wise Distribution of Marks in various Programmes
Unit 3: General guidelines and Assignment of Credits.
3.1. Programme of Studies
3.2. Registration and Re-registration
3.3. Attendance Requirements
3.4. Examinations
3.5. Credit and Grade Based Evaluation System
3.6. Promotion Scheme
3.7. Award of Degree
3.8. Unfair Means
3.9. Remuneration for Examination Work
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Unit 4: Examination Committees and other Bodies
4.1
4.2
4.3
Constitution and Functions of Examination Committee
Examination Department and its Functions
Moderation Board
Unit 5: Memorandum of Learner’s Report Card
5.1.
5.2.
5.3.
Introduction
Reporting Learner’s Performance(Cumulative Grade Card)
Format of the Grade Cards
Foreword
Preface
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Unit 1
Introduction
1.1.
Need for academic reforms
The University Grants Commission (UGC), the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC), the Distance
Education Council (DEC) and the National Knowledge Commission (NKC) have recommended that there should be
academic reforms in view of rapid changes in education taking place globally. The UGC in its Action Plan for Academic and
Administrative Reforms (Ref. UGC letters January 2008; March 2009) speaks of the need to introduce the Credit and
Grading System in educational institutions: ‘Curricular flexibility and learners’ mobility is an issue that warrants our urgent
attention. These can be addressed by introducing credit based courses and credit accumulation. In order to provide with
some degree of flexibility to learners, we need to provide for course duration in terms of credit hours and also a minimum
as well as a maximum permissible span of time in which a course can be completed by a learner.’ Mr. Sam Pitroda,
Chairman of The National Knowledge Commission (NKC) says, ‘. . . it is important for us to recognize that there is a quiet
crisis in higher education in India which runs deep. And the time has come to address this crisis in a systematic,
forthright manner. . .There is today a need for a transition to a course credit system where degrees are granted on the
basis of completing a requisite number of credits from different courses, which provides learners with choices.’
At the global level, all the major higher education providers are operating on systems based on credits and
grading. The European Credit Transfer System (ECTS), the Credit Accumulation and Transfer System (CATS) in the UK, the
systems operating in U.S.A. and Japan, the ‘National Qualifications Framework’ in Australia, are some of the prominent
examples of this.
1.2.
The Concept of Credit system
Credit system essentially means restructuring the curriculum into smaller entities or modules with the hours
specified for studying/learning each component. Since it uses a leaner-centred approach, the focus must be on the time
taken to learn a particular module and not the time required to teach it. It means developing a mechanism whereby
these modules can be combined in various ways to qualify for a certificate, diploma or a degree programme. It also
means that the completion of a single module of learning can lead to the learning of other modules either in the same
institution or in some other educational institution keeping the needs and interests of the learner.
1.3.
The Rationale for introducing the Semester based Credit system
The rationale for introducing the credit based system has been given by the UGC. The UGC highlights the following features
of the credit system: ‘Enhanced learning opportunities, ability to match learners’ scholastic needs and aspirations, interinstitution transferability of learners (following the completion of a semester), part-completion of an academic programme
in the institution of enrolment and part-completion in a specialized (and recognized) institution, improvement in educational
quality and excellence, flexibility for working learners to complete the programme over an extended period of time,
standardization and comparability of educational programmes across the country, etc.’ The advantages of using the Credit
System are listed below.
1.4.
Advantages of the Credit System
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1.5.
1.4.1. The Credit System shifts the focus from the teacher-centred approach to a learner-centred approach as
the workload is calculated on the basis of the time taken by a learner to learn a course and not on the
basis of time required to teach it.
1.4.2. The credit based system helps to record course work and to document learner workload realistically since
all activities are taken into account - not only the time learners spend in lectures or seminars but also the
time they need for individual learning, doing assignments, participating in seminars and quizzes, preparing
for examinations, etc.
1.4.3. The system divides the learning experience into calibrated units. Credits can be accumulated in order to
gain an academic award.
1.4.4. The credit based system helps the learner in self-paced learning. Learners may undertake as many credits
as they can cope with without having to repeat all the courses in a given semester if they fail in one or
more courses.
1.4.5. The credit based system helps in learner mobility. It offers a chance to the learner to study at different
times and in different places. Credits earned at one institution can be transferred to another.
1.4.6. It offers a greater compatibility between different educational structures.
Need for a clear policy formation
An educational institution that wants to introduce the credit based system will need to formulate its educational
policies in a scientific manner and ensure that there are clear guidelines for implementing the system. There should be no
scope for ad hoc decisions in this system. It must be ensured that the learner, who must be the ultimate beneficiary of the
system, does not suffer academically because of the absence of adequate policy framework. A lack of such clear policy
formulation may affect the key features of the system such as curricular flexibility, learner mobility and learner autonomy.
1.6.
Steps needed to be taken for introducing the credit system
1.4.7. For each academic programme whether at the Certificate/Diploma/ Degree level (Undergraduate or Postgraduate), the programme structure (core courses, elective
courses, etc.) and how they will be
distributed over the entire period of study, entry level requirements, minimum and maximum duration for
successful completion of the programme, programme objectives, teaching-learning strategies (number of
teaching hours/lecture hours, tutorial hours, practical contact hours, etc.) and evaluation components
(nature and number of assignments, tutorials, tests, etc.) for the entire programme must be specified.
The modules/courses to be studied, either as part of the programme or taken up independently, must be
identified.
1.4.8. The objectives of each course/programme must be specified clearly in the syllabus.
1.4.9. Generally speaking in a given semester a learner must undertake courses that have a minimum of 18 to 20
credits, each credit indicating 15 learning hours of which 75% must be classroom teaching, Lab sessions
and tutorials combined.
1.4.10. As a general rule each core course should normally be in the range of 4 to 6 credits. For elective and
compulsory courses it may vary from 1 to 3 credits.
1.4.11. The course wise credits based on an estimate of the number of hours that would be required by an
average learner to fulfill the basic requirements of the course including time spent on attending
lectures, completing assignments, preparing for all the evaluation components, etc. (Learning
hours) must be indicated.
1.4.12. For both academic and non-academic courses, credits should be allocated to all the units/courses
included in a programme.
1.4.13. Programme-wise prospectus should be prepared in detail for all the academic programmes offered by
the institution. The prospectus must provide basic information regarding eligibility criteria, admission
procedure, fees to be paid and course choices available. This must be published in print as well as
posted on the website.
1.4.14. The Institution must maintain a Transcript of Records of credits and the grade/marks awarded to a
learner.
1.4.15. An internal Coordination Committee should be established to handle all matters related to the
implementation of the Credit System. Apart from assisting in inter-departmental coordination, this
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Committee should also look into matters like inter-institutional credit transfer arrangements and course
equivalence with the assistance of the concerned departments/institutions.
1.7.
General Recommendations for the use of credit based system
1.7.1.
1.7.2.
1.7.3.
1.7.4.
1.8.
Credits should be allocated on a “top-down” basis. The starting point should be the full programme
for which total number of credits must be assigned.Then one should move on to assigning credits to
the constituent courses. Allocating credits to individual courses/units on a “bottom-up” basis may result
in complications that may be difficult to handle.
The use of decimals in course wise credit allocation (e.g. 3.85 credits) should be avoided. To the
extent possible, unit wise credit allocation should be limited to the use of half credits.
Credits should be awarded to a learner who has successfully completed the qualifying criteria for an
entire course. Learners should not be given credits for partial work completed for a particular course. In
other word, a learner will earn a certain number of credits in a course only after he/she has spent the
required number of hours on that course and has secured at least ‘C’ grade.
Simply because there is a facility for credit transfer, it does not mean that it will automatically be
available to a learner. The learner wanting to avail such a facility should apply for the same in a
prescribed form with a certain ‘processing fee’ and with the properly authenticated documents. The
decision regarding credit transfer shall be made by an Internal Coordination Committee which will
decide each case on its merit, and whose decision shall be final.
Key Terms
1.8.1.
1.8.2.
1.8.3.
1.8.4.
1.8.5.
1.8.6.
1.8.7.
1.8.8.
1.8.9.
1.8.10.
1.8.11.
1.8.12.
1.8.13.
‘Duration of Programme’ means the time period required for the conduct of the programme.
'Academic Week' is a unit of six working days, each day subdivided into periods of equal length. A
sequence of 16 such academic weeks constitutes a semester.
‘Course’ (traditionally referred to as paper) means a segment of subject matter to be covered in a
semester. All the learning topics included in a course must necessarily have academic coherence, that is,
there must be a common thread linking the various components of a course.
‘Unit’ is a single topic/ or a cluster of closely related topics in a course.
‘Core subject’ (traditionally referred to as Honours subject in the undergraduate programme) means
the major subject that a student studies in a programme.
‘Elective subject’ (traditionally referred to as a subsidiary subject) means a subject that the student opts
for along with his core subject.
‘Compulsory subject’ means a subject that the student has to study apart from the core and elective
subjects in order to complete the programmemae.
‘Repeat course’ is a course that is repeated by a student who has failed in a course.
‘Improvement course’ is a course for which a student has registered to improve his/her performance in
that particular course after successful completion of the programme.
‘Department’ refers to a subject-teaching Department.
'Head of the Department/ Coordinator' is a teacher who coordinates the activities of the Department.
'Department Council' is a body of all teachers in a Department.
‘Credit’ (Cr) of a course is the measure of the unit of work to be done in a course, which will be
calculated in terms of learning hours assigned to a course. These learning hours may include a variety of
learning activities like attending lectures/counseling sessions/lab sessions, reading, discussing, writing
assignments/library work, making presentations, attending seminars, preparing for examinations, etc.
75% of such learning hours must be classroom teaching, Lab. sessions and tutorials combined.
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1.8.14. ‘Non-academic Credit’ (NACr) is the credit acquired by a student for extra-curricular activities.
1.8.15. ‘Letter Grade’ or simply ‘Grade’ (Gr) in a course is a letter symbol (O, A+, A, B+, B, C, F), which indicates
the broad level of performance of a student in a course.
1.8.16. ‘Grade Point’ (GrP) is an integer assigned to each letter Grade indicating the numerical equivalent of the
broad level of performance of a student in a course.
1.8.17. ‘Credit point’ (CrP) of a course is the value obtained by multiplying the GrP by Cr of the course: CrP =
GrP x Cr.
1.8.18. ‘Semester Grade Point Average’ (SGPA) is the value obtained by dividing the sum of credit points
(CrP) obtained by a student in the core courses taken in a semester by the sum of credits in core
courses taken by him/her.
1.8.19. ‘Cumulative Grade Point Average’ (CGPA) is the value obtained by dividing the sum of credit points
obtained in core courses in successive semesters taken by the student by the sum of credits in core
courses in those semesters and shall be rounded off to two decimal places.
1.8.20. Credit completion and credit accumulation:
If a student offers a course of prescribed credits, he/she shall be deemed to have earned those many
credits, only after he/she has passed the examination(s) in that course with a minimum of C Grade.
His/her level of performance above the minimum prescribed level (C Grade) shall not affect the number
of credits earned by him/her. Thus successful completion of the courses offered by him/her results in
accumulation of course-wise credits.
1.8.21. ‘Credit Transfer’ means that credits earned at one institution for one or more courses under a given
programme are accepted by another institution in the same programme and vice versa. It means that
the learner has completed successfully a certain part of learning that is being reflected in the credits
that he/she has earned.
1.8.22. ‘Transfer Agreement’is made between two institutions (a sender and a receiver) that specifies how the
sending institution's course or programme will be accepted (for transfer of credits) by the receiving
institution.
1.8.23. ‘Examination Committee’ is a body which is responsible for taking all decisions regarding examinations
and is the final authority in this regard.
1.8.24. ‘Examination Department’ is responsible for executing the decisions taken by the Examination
Committee.
1.8.25. ‘Controller of Examinations’ is the chief executive in the Examination Department.
1.8.26. ‘Memorandum of Progress Card’ is a sheet reflecting the marks and grade awarded and credits earned
by a learner.
1.8.27. ‘ES’ means Environmental Studies and Ethics.
1.8.28. ‘IQAC’means Internal Quality Assurance Cell.
1.8.29. ‘Undergraduate Professional Programme’ means those undergraduate programmes in which the
students do not opt for subsidiary subject and they do not offer compulsory language course.
1.8.30. ‘Postgraduate Professional Programme’ means postgraduate programmes of three years duration.
1.9.
Grading System and its Advantages
According to the grading system, students are placed in ability bands that represent a range of scores. These ability
bands may vary according to the number of categories made for classifying of the performance of the learners. These
ability bandsare designated with alphabetical letters called GRADE.
There are several advantages of the grading system; some of which are listed below:
1)
Grading is a far more satisfactory method than numerical marking system as itreflects an individual
learner’s performance in the form of a certain level of achievement.
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2) The Grading system ensures natural classification in qualitative terms rather than in quantitative terms
since it expresses a range /band of scores to which a student belongs such as O, A+,A etc.
3) The award of grades provides a permanent record of the learner’s growth and development that might be
convenient for the prospective employers.
4) Grading does not require making fine distinctions in performance when no such distinctions actually exist.
5) It is based on a realistic concept of ‘errors of measurement’.
6) Grades are relatively free from extraneous factors like difficulty of the examination, examiner bias, nature of
the subject being examined, etc.
7) Grades can be interpreted easily and directly and can be used to prepare an accurate‘profile’ of a student.
8) It will help the students to move from one institution to another easily through the scheme of credit
transfer.
1.10. Seven Point Grading System:
The Institution follows a seven point Grading System; O (Outstanding) Grade being the highest. The details of the
Grades are as follows:
1.10.1. For Theory and Practical courses of a core subject the grading scheme to be followed is as under:
Grade
O
A+
A
B+
B
C
F
Marksin percentage
>=85
<85&>= 75
<75&>=65
<65&>=60
<60&>=55
<55&>=45
<45
Grade Point
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
1.10.2. For theory courses of elective subjects, compulsory language course and Environmental Science and
Ethics the grading scheme to be followed is as under:
Grade
O
A+
A
B+
B
C
F
Marks in percentage
>=85
<85&>=75
<75&>= 65
<65&>= 55
<55&>=45
<45 &>= 33
<33
Grade Point
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
1.10.3. For Practical courses of elective subjects the grading scheme to be followed is as under:
Grade
O
A+
A
B+
B
C
F
Marks in percentage
>=85
<85&>=75
<75&>= 65
<65&>= 55
<55&>=45
<45&>= 40
<40
Grade Point
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
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Note:




Symbol ‘I’ in the grade column will indicate that the student has not appeared in the End-semester
examination on account of low attendance
Symbol ‘X’ in the grade column will indicate that the student was absent in the End-semester
examination.
Marks sheet issued to a student getting grade F or symbols I or X in any of the courses shall be
marked ‘Provisional’.
Symbol ‘U’ in the grade column will indicate that the student was found guilty of using unfair means
in the examinations.
1.11. Calculation of SGPA and CGPA based on 7-point scale:
1.11.1. Credit point (CrP) of a course is the value obtained by multiplying the GrP by Cr of the course:
CrP = GrP x Cr.
1.11.2. Semester Grade Point Average (SGPA) determines the overall performance of a student at the end of a
semester. It is the value obtained by dividing the sum of credit points (CrP) obtained by a student in
the core courses taken in a semester by the sum of credits in core courses taken by him/her. The grade
point shall be rounded off to two decimal places.
SGPA 
 (GrP  Cr )   CrP
 Cr
 Cr
1.11.3. Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) is the value obtained by dividing the sum of credit points
obtained in core courses in successive semesters taken by the student by the sum of credits in core
courses in those semesters and shall be rounded off to two decimal places.
n
CGPA 
 (CrP)
s 1
n
 (Cr )
s 1
s
s
(s is the number of semesters)
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Unit 2
Programmes
2.1. Levels of Programmes in St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Ranchi
Sr.
No
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Level of Programme
Nomenclature of Degree
Eligibility
Under Graduate (UG)
Post Graduate (PG)
Postgraduate Diploma
Pre –doctoral
Master of Computer
applications
B.A./B.Sc./B.Com. Honours
M.A./M.Com.
PG Diploma
M.Phil.
M.C.A.
10+2
Under Graduate Degree
Under Graduate Degree
Post Graduate Degree
Under Graduate Degree
Minimum
Duration
3 years
2 Years
1 Year
1 Year
3 Years
2.2. Programmes:
The levels of the various programmes have been designed as per the UGC guidelines. The various programmes conducted
at the various levels are listed below:
2.2.1.
Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Zoology, Botany, Geology and
Biotechnology.
2.2.2. Bachelor of Science(Vocational Honours) in Information Technology (IT), Computer Applications (CA).
2.2.3. Vocational Honours (Undergraduate Professional Programme) in Game Animation (BGA) and Bachelor
in Animation (BA).
2.2.4. Bachelor of Arts (Honours) in English, English Language and Literature, Hindi, History, Geography,
Political Science and Economics.
2.2.5. Bachelor of Arts (Undergraduate Professional Programme) in Mass Communication & Video Production.
2.2.6. Bachelor of Commerce(Honours) in Accountancy.
2.2.7. Bachelor of Commerce (Undergraduate Professional Programme) in Principles and Practice of Insurance
(PPI), Advertising Sales Promotion and Sales Management (ASPSM), Retail Management (RM), Office
Management and Secretarial Practice (OMSP),Financial Market Operations (FMO).
2.2.8. Bachelor in Business Administration (BBA) (Undergraduate Professional Programme).
2.2.9. Master of Arts in English, Hindi, Pol. Science, Economics, Geography.
2.2.10. Master of Commerce.
2.2.11. Master in Computer Application (Postrgraduate Professional Programme).
Note:
Many other Diplomas, PG Diplomas & Certificate courses approved by the Academic Council as per the
UGC guidelines under different faculties are listed in the Prospectus published by the college.
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Course-wise Distribution of Marks and Credits in various Programmes:
2.3.1. B.A./B.Sc./B.Com (Hons):
2.3.1.1. Semester I to IV:In each semester a student will have two or three courses in his/her core subject
and two elective subjects having one or two courses each, besides a language course. The core,
elective and language subjects offered in the beginning of the programme shall not be changed at a
later stage during the tenure of the programme. For non-practical subjects, each of the two theory
coursesof core subject will carry 100 marks (5 credits) and each theory course of elective subjects
will carry 100 marks (3 credits). For practical subjects, each core subject will have three courses: two
theory courses carrying 75 marks(4 credits) each and a practical course, carrying 50 marks(2 credits)
and each elective subject will have a theory course of 75 marks (2 credits) and a practical course of
25 marks (1 credit). Language course in each semester will carry 100 marks (2 credits). Up to
semester four a student can earn a maximum of 72 academic credits (40 credits in core subject, 24
credits in elective subjects and 8 credits in language courses) and 3 non-academic credits.
2.3.1.2. Semesters V-VI:A student will study four courses in his/her core subject carrying 100 marks (5
credits) each in these last two semesters. He/she will also study a course on Environmental Studies
and Ethics (EVS) carrying 100 marks(2 credits) per course in each of these two semesters.
2.3.1.3. For successful completion of programme a student has to earn a total of 116 academic and 3 nonacademic credits.
2.3.2. B.A./B.Sc./B.Com. Vocational Hons:
2.3.2.1. Semester I to IV: Two core courses of 100 marks (Theory: 50 marks + Practicals: 50 marks) (6
credits) each will have to be studied in each semester. The requirements about Electives and
Language courses are the same as for programme in2.3.1.1.Up to semester four a student can earn
a maximum of 80 academic credits (48 credits in core subject, 24 credits in elective subjects and 8
credits in language courses) and 3 non-academic credits.
2.3.2.2. Semester V-VI: There will be no elective or language courses offered in these two semesters. Two
core courses of 100 marks(Theory: 50 marks + Practicals: 50 marks) (6 credits) each and a core
course (theory only) of 100 marks (6 credits) will have to be studied in fifth semester.In semester VI
there will have to offer a theory course (EDP) of 100 marks (6 credits) and a course in project & OJT
of 8 credits. The student will also study a course on Environmental Studies and Ethics (EVS) carrying
100 marks(2 credits) per course in each of these two semesters.
2.3.2.3. For successful completion of programme a student has to earn a total of 116 academic and 3 nonacademic credits.
2.3.3. Postgraduate programmes (Arts and Commerce):
2.3.3.1. Each PG degree programme has 24 courses of 100 marks (4 credits) each equally divided into four
semesters. For successful completion of programme a student has to earn a total of 96 academic
and 2 non-academic credits.
2.3.3.2. A PG Diploma programme has 6 courses of 100 marks each equally (4 credits) divided into two
semesters. For successful completion of programme a student has to earn a total of 24 academic
credits.
2.3.4. Professional Programmes:
2.3.4.1. Eachundergraduateprofessional programme has 30 courses of 100 marks (4 credits) each, equally
divided into six semesters.Students pursuing this programme will not offer any course in elective
subjects or compulsory language subject. For successful completion of programme a student has to
earn a total of 120 academic credits and 3 non-academic credits.
2.3.4.2. Each postgraduate professional programme has a total of 41 courses including the major project in
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semester VI. Different courses have different full marks; pass marks and credits, as tabulated in
section 2.3.12.2. However total number of academic credits offered is 174, equally distributed over
six semesters, i.e. 29 credits per semester. For successful completion of programme a student has to
earn a total of 174 academic credits and 3 non-academic credits.
Note:
a)
b)
c)
d)
2.3.5.
At undergraduate level, passingpercentage of marks for each core course(theory as well as
practical) is 45%. For elective subjects it is 33% for theory course and 40% for practical course.
In MIL-NH pass marks shall be 33. However a student will have to score at least 15 marks in
each individual paper.
In MIL-Hindi pass marks shall be 33.
For all postgraduate programmes, Postgraduate professional programmes, PG Diploma
programmes and undergraduate professional programmes, passing percentage of marks in
each course is 45%.
B.A./B.Sc./B. Com. Hons. (Core Subjects with Practicals)
Semester
I, II, III
Course
Full Marks
Mid-Sem
End-Sem
Pass Marks
Credits
Theory
75
25
50
34
4
Theory
75
25
50
34
4
Practical
50
---------
50
23
2
Theory
100
30
70
45
5
Theory
100
30
70
45
5
Theory
100
30
70
45
5
Practical
100
---------
100
45
5
and IV
V and VI
2.3.6.
B.A./B. Sc./B. Com. Hons. (Core Subjects without Practicals)
Semester
Course
Full Marks
Mid-Sem
End-Sem
Pass Marks
Credits
I, II, III
and IV
Theory
100
30
70
45
5
Theory
100
30
70
45
5
Theory
100
30
70
45
5
Theory
100
30
70
45
5
Theory
100
30
70
45
5
Theory
100
30
70
45
5
V and VI
Note:
1.
2.
3.
Total marks for an Honours subject shall be 1600. (80 credits)
Marks scored and grade awarded along with credits earned in theory and practical courses shall be
indicated separately in the marks sheet.
A student shall have to obtain a minimum of Grade C separately in theory and Practical courses of a subject.
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2.3.7.
Vocational Honours
(Computer Applications, Information technology, Mass communication & Video Production)
Full Marks
Semester
Course
Pass Marks
Practical
Credits
Practical
Theory
Theory
External
Internal
External
Internal
1
50
25
25
23
12
12
6
2
50
25
25
23
12
12
6
3
50
25
25
23
12
12
6
4
50
25
25
23
12
12
6
5
50
25
25
23
12
12
6
6
50
25
25
23
12
12
6
7
50
25
25
23
12
12
6
8
50
25
25
23
12
12
6
9
50
25
25
23
12
12
6
10
50
25
25
23
12
12
6
11
100
75
25
45
-
-
6
12
100
-
-
45
-
-
6
13
-
50
50
-
23
23
8
SEM 1
SEM 2
SEM 3
SEM 4
SEM 5
SEM 6
2.3.8.
B.A./B.Sc./B. Com. Elective Subjects (with Practical Courses):
Semester
I, II, III
Course
Full Marks
Mid-Sem
End-Sem
Pass Marks
Credits
Theory
75
--------
75
25
2
Practical
25
---------
25
10
1
and IV
2.3.9.
B.A./B.Sc./B. Com. Elective Subjects (without Practical Courses)
Semester
Course
Full Marks
Mid-Sem
End-Sem
Pass Marks
Credits
14
DRAFT
I, II, III
Theory
100
---------
100
33
3
and IV
Note:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
An Hounours student shall study two subsidiary subjects of 400 marks each distributed over first four
semesters. There shall be no subsidiary subject in fifth and sixth semesters.
Marks scored/grade secured in theory and practical shall be indicated separately in the marks sheet.
A student shall have to pass separately in theory and Practical Courses of a subject.
Pass marks for theory shall be 33% and that for practical shall be 40%.
A student shall have to obtain a minimum of Grade C separately in theory and Practical courses of a subject.
A student may be allowed to change an elective course within 30 days from the date of admission.
2.3.10. Compulsory Language Course:
Semester
I, II, III
and IV
Course
Full Marks
Mid-Sem
End-Sem
MIL Hindi
100
---------
100
MIL
MB/A.E.
50
----------
50
NH
50
-----------
50
NH
*
Pass Marks
Credits
33
2
33
2
In MIL-NH pass marks shall be 33. However a student will have to score at least 15 marks in each individual
course.
A student may be allowed to change the language course within 30 days from the date of admission.
2.3.11. General Studies/Environmental Sciences:
Semester
V and VI
Course
Full Marks
Mid-Sem
End-Sem
GS/ES
100
-----------
100
Pass Marks
Credits
33
2
2.3.12. Professional Courses: Undergraduate/Postgraduate
2.3.12.1. Undergraduate Professional Course: Total marks for this course is 3000, distributed over six
semesters. Semester-wise distribution of marks may vary from programme to programme.
Students pursuing this course shall not be required to offer elective or compulsory language
course.
2.3.12.1.1. Principles and Practice of Insurance (PPI), Advertising Sales Promotion and Sales
Management (ASPSM), Retail Management (RM), Office Management and Secretarial
Practice (OMSP), Financial Market Operations (FMO).
Semester
Course
Full Marks
Mid-Sem
End-Sem
Pass Marks
Credits
15
DRAFT
Theory
I
100
30
70
45
4
100
30
70
45
4
100
50
50
45
4
(5 courses)
Theory
(4 courses)
II, III, IV, V and VI
Practical
(1 course)
2.3.12.1.2. Bachelor in Business Administration (B.B.A.)
Semester
I, II, III,
Course
Full Marks
Mid-Sem
End-Sem
Pass Marks
Credits
Theory
100
30
70
45
4
100
30
70
45
4
100
00
100
45
4
(5 courses in each
semester)
IV andV
Theory
(4 courses)
VI
Project & Viva
(1 course)
Note:

There are five theory courses in each semester up to semester five. In semester six
there are four theory courses and course no. 30 (Semester VI) consists of On the Job
project and viva - voce based on the project work done. The breakup of marks for
this course is; 50 marks for Project Preparation and 50 marks for Viva – Voce. There
shall be no internal assessment in this course.
2.3.12.1.3. Bachelor of Animation (B.A.) and Bachelor of Game Animation (BGA):
Semester
Course
Full Marks
Theory
Internal
Assessment
End-Sem
Practical
Pass Marks
I
100
25
25
50
45
II
100
25
25
50
45
III
100
25
25
50
45
IV
100
25
25
50
45
V
100
25
25
50
45
I, II, III
IV, V and VI
Credits per
semester
20
16
DRAFT
Note:


Each course in this programme has two sections, Theory and Practical. Pass marks in
each course of this programme is 45 but a student has to score at least 20 marks in
theory (internal assessment and end-sem taken together) and at least 20 marks in
Practical. If a student fails to obtain pass marks in theory or practical section of a
course, he/she has to repeat that course in subsequent semester along with the
regular students.
Total credits offered per semester in this programme is 20. However courses offered
in different semesters are not of the same credit.
2.3.12.2. Postgraduate Professional Courses: Total marks for this course is 4000, distributed over six
semesters. Semester-wise distribution of marks may vary.
Semester
Theory/ Practical
First
Theory
Practical
Practical(hu 191)
Theory
Practical
Practical(mca293)
Theory
Theory(mba 301 ‘a’)
Theory(mba 301 ‘b’)
Practical
Practical(mba 392)
Theory
Practical
Practical(mca 492)
Theory
Practical
Minor project
+seminar
Major project
+seminar
Second
Third
Fourth
Fifth
Sixth
Marks distribution
Full
Mid-sem
marks
100
30
75
25
50
100
30
75
25
50
100
30
50
15
50
15
75
25
50
100
30
75
25
50
100
30
50
150
50
500
End-sem
100
Credit
70
50
50
70
50
50
70
35
35
50
50
70
50
50
70
50
100
Pass
marks
50
38
25
50
38
25
50
25
25
38
25
50
38
25
50
25
75
400
250
29
4
3
3
4
3
3
4
2
2
3
3
4
3
3
4
3
6
2.3.13. P. G. Diploma in Human Rights:
Semester
I
II
Course
Full Marks
Project/Field Work
End-Sem
Pass Marks
Credits
1
100
30
70
45
4
2
100
30
70
45
4
3
100
30
70
45
4
4
100
30
70
45
4
5
100
30
70
45
4
6
100
30
70
45
4
17
DRAFT
2.3.14. Postgraduate Programmes: Subjects without practical (English, Hindi, Economics, Political Science and
Commerce):
Semester
I and II
III and IV
Course
Full Marks
Mid-Sem
End-Sem
Pass Marks
Credits
Theory (6 courses)
100
30
70
45
4
Theory (5 courses)
100
30
70
45
4
Project and seminar
100
---------
100
45
4
2.3.15. Postgraduate Programmes: Subjects with practical courses(Geography)
Semester
I, II, III and IV
Course
Full Marks
Mid-Sem
End-Sem
Pass Marks
Credits
Theory (4 courses per semester)
100
30
70
45
4
Practical (2 Courses per semester)
100
-
100
45
4
18
DRAFT
Unit 3
General guidelines and Assignment of Credits


3.1.
The college follows the Semester System.
In each academic year, there shall be two Semesters.
Programme of Studies:
3.1.1 UNDERGRADUATE (NON-VOCATIONAL) HONOURS PROGRAMME (B.A., B.Sc., B.Com)
3.1.1.1. Each Honours programme shall be divided into six semesters.
3.1.1.2. The total marks for a core subject in an Honours programme shall be 1600.(80 credits)
3.1.1.3. For subjects without practical a student shall study two core courses of 5 credits each up to
semester 4 and four courses of 5 credits each in semester 5 and 6.
3.1.1.4. For subjects with practical a student shall study two core courses of theory of 4 credits each and
one core course of practical of 2 credits, up to semester 4 and four core courses (3 theory and 1
practical) of 5 credits each in semester 5 and 6.
3.1.1.5. A student shall study two elective subjects and a compulsory Language course up to the fourth
semester. Each elective subject, of 3 credits, and the Language course, of 2 credits, will carry 100
marks in every semester.
3.1.1.6. If the number of applicants for an elective subject is more than seats available, the college shall
allot elective subjects on the basis of marks/performance in the entrance test.
th
th
3.1.1.7. In each of 5 and 6 semesters there shall be a compulsory course on ES of 100 marks (2
credits).
3.1.1.8. A student shall have to obtain a minimum of Grade C in a course to be deemed as ‘Pass’.
3.1.1.9. A student shall have to pass separately in each Theory and Practical courses of core and elective
subject in each semester.
3.1.1.10.Marks and Grade scored in theory and practical courses shall be indicated separately in the
progress card.
3.1.2
UNDERGRADUATE VOCATIONAL HONOURS COURSES
3.1.2.1 Each Vocational Honours Programme shall be divided into six semesters.
3.1.2.2 Total marks for a Vocational Honours course shall be 1300.(80 credits)
3.1.2.3 A student shall study two core courses of theory and two core course of practical of 3 credits per
course, up to semester 4.
19
DRAFT
3.1.2.4
In fifth semester there shall be three core courses of theory and two core courses of practical.
Two core courses of theory and two core course of practical shall be of 3 credits per course.
Remaining one core course of theory of 100 marks shall carry 6 credits.
th
3.1.2.5 In 6 semester there shall be a compulsory course on EDP (Entrepreneurship Development
Programme). Full marks in this subject shall be 100. (6 credits)
th
3.1.2.6 In 6 semester, students shall have to do two OJT’s (On Job Trainings) and one Project. The OJT’s
having total marks of 50 shall be evaluated internally and the project having full marks 50 shall
be evaluated externally. A student shall have to secure a minimum of 23 marks in OJT’s and
Project separately. (4 credits (OJT) + 4 credits (Project) = 8 credits)
3.1.2.7 A student shall study two elective subjects and a compulsory Language course up to the fourth
semester. Each elective subject, of 3 credits, and the Language course, of 2 credits, will carry 100
marks in every semester.
th
th
3.1.2.8 In each of 5 and 6 semesters there shall be a compulsory course on EVS of 100 marks (2
credits).
3.1.2.9 A student shall have to obtain a minimum of Grade C in a course to be deemed as ‘Pass’.
3.1.2.10 A student shall have to pass separately in theory and Practical Courses of a subject in each
semester.
3.1.2.11 Marks and grades scored in theory and practical shall be indicated separately in the marks sheet.
3.1.3
POSTGRADUATE DEGREE PROGRAMME:
3.1.3.1 Each postgraduate degree programme in Arts and Commerce shall be divided into four
semesters of 24 credits per semester.
3.1.3.2 Each programme shall be divided into 24 courses of 100 marks each. In each semester there shall
be six courses of 4 credits each.
3.1.3.3 Every postgraduate student will have to earn 2 non-academic credits over a period of two years.
However a student cannot earn more than 1 non-academic credit in a semester.
3.1.3.4 A student shall have to obtain a minimum of grade C in a course to be deemed as ‘Pass’.
3.1.3.5 A student should have earned a minimum of 24 academic credits in order to be promoted from
second to third semester.
3.1.3.6 In PG courses Course 18 in semester III and Course 24 in semester IV will comprise a project of
100 marks and 4 credits for each course. The project will be evaluated by two examiners: one
internal and the other external. The evaluation will also include a viva-voce test. Marks will be
given on the basis of the overall performance of the student: writing the dissertation, the written
test(if any) and the viva-voce test.
3.1.3.7 All other provisions regarding the conduct of the Continuous Internal Assessment and EndSemester Examinations, attendance requirements, examination fee requirements, reregistration, declaration of Grade, matters related to the use of unfair means in examinations,
and the award of degree shall be the same as provided for any other programme being run by
the college and described herein.
3.1.3.8 There will be no supplementary Examination for PG programmes.
3.1.4
POSTGRADUATE DIPLOMA PROGRAMMES:
3.1.4.1 The duration of the programme shall be of one year divided into two semesters. Each Semester
shall comprise of 3 courses of 4 credits each. (24 credits in all).
3.1.4.2 Each Course shall be of 100 marks of which 30 marks is assigned for internal assessment and 70
marks for The End-Semester Examination.
20
DRAFT
3.1.4.3 A student shall have to obtain a minimum of grade C in a course to be deemed as ‘Pass’.
3.1.4.4 Grade in a course shall be awarded on the basis of marks obtained in internal assessment and
End semester examination taken together.
3.1.4.5 A learner shall be awarded Diploma only when he/she clears all the six courses offered within a
period of two years from the date of admission.
3.1.5
UNDERGRADUATE PROFESSIONAL PROGRAMMES:
3.1.5.1 It is a three- years programme consisting of six semesters and a total of 30 courses of 100 marks
each (that is, a programme of 123 credits with 120 academic credits and 3 non-academic credits).
3.1.5.2 Students pursuing this course shall not be required to offer elective or compulsory language
course.
3.1.5.3 Semester-wise distribution of marks and credits may vary from programme to programme but
total marks and credits shall remain the same.
3.1.5.4 There will be two components of evaluation: Continuous Internal Assessment and an EndSemester examination. In a course marks assigned for internal assessment may vary from
programme to programme. Scheme of internal assessment will be as detailed in section 3.5.3.
3.1.5.5 A student shall have to obtain a minimum of grade C in a course to be deemed as ‘Pass’.
3.1.5.6 Grade in a course shall be awarded on the basis of marks obtained in internal assessment and
End Semester examination taken together.
3.1.5.7 All other provisions regarding the conduct of the Continuous Internal Assessment and EndSemester Examinations, attendance requirements, examination fee requirements, reregistration, declaration of Grade, promotion to higher semester, matters related to the use of
unfair means in examinations, and the award of degree shall be the same as provided for any
other programme being run by the college and described herein.
3.1.6
POSTGRADUATE PROFESSIONAL PROGRAMME:
3.1.6.1 It is a three-year programme consisting of six semesters. The programme consists of 26 theory
courses, 13 practical courses, 1 minor project course and 1 major project course. Total marks is
4000, (that is, a programme of 177 credits with 174 academic credits and 3 non-academic
credits).
3.1.6.2 Semester-wise distribution of marks and credits may vary.
3.1.6.3 There will be two components of evaluation: Continuous Internal Assessment and an EndSemester examination. Marks assigned for internal assessment may vary from course to course.
Scheme of internal assessment will be as detailed in section 3.5.3.
3.1.6.4 A student shall have to obtain a minimum of grade C in a course to be deemed as ‘Pass’.
3.1.6.5 Grade in a course shall be awarded on the basis of marks obtained in internal assessment and
End Semester examination taken together.
3.1.6.6 All other provisions regarding the conduct of the Continuous Internal Assessment and EndSemester Examinations, attendance requirements, examination fee requirements, reregistration, Grading Scheme, promotion to higher semester, matters related to the use of unfair
means in examinations, and the award of degree shall be the same as provided for any other
programme being run by the college and described herein.
3.2
REGISTRATION AND RE-REGISTRATION:
21
DRAFT
3.2.1
After completion of valid period of the first registration for a particular programme, if a student has
failed to earn required number of credits for completion of that programme, he/she can get reregistered for a specified period, depending on the duration of the programme. Such re-registration
facility is available only once and immediately after the expiry of valid period of the first registration.
3.2.2
Different programmes have different valid registration and Re-registration period as listed below:
Valid period of
first Registration
5 years
3 Years
2 Years
i.
Programme
All UG programmes and MCA
All PG Programmes
PG Diploma Programmes
Valid period of
Re-registration
3 years
2 Years
1 Year
Re-registered candidates will have to undergo internal assessment system and appear in End-Semester
Examinations along with the regular students.
Re-registration shall not be deemed as discontinuity in the studies.
A student, who discontinues the academic programme for any reason and rejoins the programme at a
later date, shall be governed by the rules, regulations, courses of
study and syllabi in force at the
time of his/her rejoining the programme.
ii.
iii.
3.3 ATTENDANCE REQUIREMENTS:
3.3.1
3.3.2
3.3.3
3.3.4
A student must attend every lecture, tutorial and practical class given for a course, whether core,
elective or compulsory subject. However, to account for late admission, sickness or other such
contingencies, the attendance requirement will be a minimum of 75% of the given classes in each
course taken separately. Attendance in lectures, tutorials, tests, seminars and practical classes will
count towards the calculation of his/her attendance percentage.
Attendance percentage will be calculated on the basis of number of classes attended by a learner in a
course and the total number of classes given in that course from the very first day of the
commencement of classes of the course.
A student shall be allowed to appear in the End-semester examination of those courses only in which
he/she has maintained a minimum of 75% attendance.
If the aggregate percentage of attendance of a student in any semester falls below 60%, he/she shall
not be promoted to the next higher semester irrespective of the number of credits earned by him/her
up to the current semester. However he/she shall
3.3.4.1 be allowed to appear in the End-semester Examination in the courses in which he/she has
maintained a minimum of 75% attendance.
3.3.4.2 have to repeat all the Courses, in which he/she has less than 75% of attendance, in the next
academic year along with regular students.
3.3.5
If the aggregate percentage of attendance of a student in any semester is 60% or above, he/she shall
3.3.5.1 be allowed to appear in the End-semester Examination of the courses in which he/she has
maintained a minimum of 75% attendance.
3.3.5.2 be allowed to attend makeup classes in all those courses in which he/she had 60% or more
attendance (but less than 75%), in the next academic year with regular students of
corresponding semester, after which he/she shall be allowed to appear in the End-semester
Examination of the Course. Such students shall have to obtain a certificate from the Head of the
22
DRAFT
Department concerned, stating that he/she has attended required number of classes and that
the student may be allowed to take the examination. His earlier performance in the internal
assessment shall be retained.
3.3.5.3 have to repeat all the Courses, in which he/she has less than 60% of attendance, in future along
with regular students. Such students shall not be allowed for makeup classes in those courses.
3.3.5.4 promoted to the next higher semester depending on whether he/she fulfills other criteria for
promotion or not outlined in section 3.6.
3.3.6
3.3.7
A student who has to repeat a semester with the requirement that he/she has to attend the classes in
that semester, for any reason, shall not be given makeup classes.
The absence of a student on account of participation in the Republic Parade of National Cadet Corps,
National Service Schemes, an athletic meetof University/State/National level , educational event or for
appearing at an interview for the armed forces or for attending the mountaineering courses or in any
event representing the college, shall be condoned, provided that prior permission in writing from the
Principal/HOD concerned has been taken and a certificate to this effect signed by the competent
authority in the organization where he/she attended the event is furnished within a week of his/her
rejoining the college. However, even after this consideration attendance of a student in a course has to
be a minimum of 75% to enable him/her to write the end-semester examination.
3.4 EXAMINATION:
3.4.1
Mid-semester Examinations: Mid semester examinations will be conducted by respective departments
according to the schedule published by the Examination Department of the college.
3.4.2
End-semester Examinations
3.4.2.1 The Odd Semester (I/III/V) Examination shall be held in the month of December and the Even
Semester (II/IV/VI) examination in the month of May.
3.4.2.2 The End-Semester Examination shall be held as per schedule displayed on the college notice
board and on the college website by the Examination Department. The Examination department
shall get the examination schedule approved by the Examination Committee before displaying it.
3.4.2.3 A student taking an End-Semester Examination shall have to pay a fee decided by the college.
3.4.2.4 The examinations at the end of a particular semester will be conducted only in the courses
offered in the current semesters, i.e., at the end of the odd semesters, examinations will be held
only for the courses offered in the odd semesters. Similarly at the end of the even semesters,
examinations will be held only in the courses offered in the even semesters.
3.4.2.5 After the publication of the result of each End-Semester Examinations, the examinees will be
provided with a cumulative grade card reflecting grades obtained and credits earned in each
course along with SGPA in that semester and CGPA up to that semester.
3.4.3
SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATIONS
3.4.3.1 Supplementary Examination shall be held for those students who have appeared in the EndSemester Examinations of sixth semester and have some carry courses from Semester V and VI.
3.4.3.2 Students having carry courses from Semester I to Semester IV shall not be given supplementary
examinations. They shall have to clear their carry courses by writing both, Mid-Semester and
End-Semester Examinations, along with regular students. However, full marks for their MidSemester examination shall be 25 or 30, depending on the course requirement.
23
DRAFT
3.4.3.3 Students taking Supplementary Examinations to clear carry Courses from Semester V and VI shall
not be given any special Mid-Semester Examination. Marks secured by them in internal
assessment of Semester V and VI shall be retained for the purpose of publishing the final result.
3.4.3.4 In case a student fails to clear the carry Courses (from Semester V and VI) even in this
supplementary examination, he/she shall have to reappear in the Mid-Semester and EndSemester Examinations of that Course/those Courses in the next academic year along with
regular students. However, full marks for their Mid-Semester examination shall be 25 or 30,
depending on the course requirement.
3.4.3.5 There will be no supplementary Examination for PG (regular or professional) degree or diploma
programmes.
3.4.4
IMPROVEMENT EXAMINATION:
3.4.4.1 A student, who has been declared “pass” in the (UG/PG) programme he/she was admitted to,
may apply for improvement examination within thirty days from the publication of resultand
he/she can take maximum of three courses for improvement.
3.4.4.2 The student shall be required to appear both in Mid-Semester and End-Semester examination of
the course chosen for improvement along with the regular students. No special examination shall
be held for them.However, full marks for their Mid-semester examination shall be 25 or 30,
depending on the course requirement. Such students shall not be evaluated under continuous
internal assessment scheme.
3.4.4.3 Only the statement of marks obtained in the courses, opted by the student for improvement,
shall be issued to the student.
3.4.4.4 If a student fails to improve upon the original marks obtained in the course chosen for
improvement, his/her original marks shall be retained and he/she shall not get a second chance
to improve.
3.4.4.5 Improvement examination in Practical course shall NOT be allowed.
3.4.4.6 A student taking Improvement Examination shall have to pay a fee decided by the college.
3.5
CREDIT AND GRADE BASED EVALUATION SYSTEM:
3.5.1
3.5.2
3.5.3
The
college
follows
semester
based
credit
and
grading
system
for
undergraduate/postgraduate/M.Phil./Diploma Programmes.
The student performance in each theory course of the core subject of Undergraduate programme and
Post Graduate programme, shall be evaluated out of a maximum of 100(or 75) marks as applicable, out
of which 30(or 25) marks shall be for Continuous Internal Assessment and 70(or 50) marks shall be for
the End-Semester Examination.
Continuous Internal assessment shall be based on:
(For theory courses of internal assessment of 30 marks)
i)
ii)
iii)
Two assignments followed by an evaluative test on them: – 10 marks
Mid semester test: 15 marks
Attendance: - 5 marks , on the basis of following tabulated scheme:
Attendance %
75 – 80
81-85
86-90
Marks
1
2
3
24
DRAFT
91-95
96-100
4
5
(For theory courses of internal assessment of 25 marks)
i)
ii)
iv)
Two assignments followed by an evaluative test on them: 10 marks
Mid semester test: 10 marks
Attendance: 5 marks, on the basis of following tabulated scheme:
Attendance %
75 – 80
81-85
86-90
91-95
96-100
Marks
1
2
3
4
5
Note: Students who are repeating one or more course(s) without attending classes or students appearing for
improvement examination in one or more course(s) will have to appear in mid semester examination
only with full marks 25 or 30 as the case may be.
3.5.4
3.5.5
3.5.6
In theory courses of elective subjects, compulsory Language courses, ES course and all Practical courses
(core and elective), only End-Semester Examinations will be held.
Re-evaluation of the answer script shall not be allowed.
A student can apply for the scrutiny of his/her answer script, after paying the required fee for it, within
15 days of the publication of the results. The paper shall be scrutinized by the Examination Department
(or by a person appointed by it in consultation with the Principal) to see if any question (or part thereof)
has been left unmarked or, whether marks obtained have been transcribed incorrectly or whether the
totaling is incorrect.
3.5.7
Grading Scheme (Seven Point Grading System):
St. Xavier’s College, Ranchi shall follow a seven point Grading System; O (Outstanding) Grade being the
highest. As the Ranchi University has kept different passing percentage in core and elective courses, the
college has to follow same scheme. The details of the Grading scheme are as given in section 1.10.
3.5.8
Calculation of SGPA and CGPA based on 7-point scale:
3.5.8.1 Credit point (CrP) of a course is the value obtained by multiplying the GrP by Cr of the course:
CrP = GrP x Cr.
3.5.8.2 Semester Grade Point Average (SGPA) determines the overall performance of a student at the
end of a semester. It is the value obtained by dividing the sum of credit points (CrP) obtained
by a student in the Core courses taken in a semester by the sum of credits in Core courses
taken by him/her. The grade point shall be rounded off to two decimal places.
SGPA 
 (GrP  Cr )   CrP
 Cr
 Cr
Examples:
(1)
A student of physics honours programme in semester I studies two theory courses of 4 credits each and
a practical course of 2 credits. Thus he has offered 10 credits for the core subject in semester I. If he
25
DRAFT
+
(2)
+
obtains grades A and B in theory and courses and grade A in practical course, corresponding grade
points are 5 and 4 in theory courses and 6 in practical course. His credit points shall be 5x4 + 4x4 + 6x2 =
48. He/she has earned 4 + 4 + 2 = 10 credits(as the learner has passed all the three courses) and his/her
SGPA is 4.8 which we obtain by dividing credit point by total number of credits offered by the student.
A student of physics honours programme in semester I studies two theory courses of 4 credits each and
a practical course of 2 credits. Thus he has offered 10 credits for the core subject in semester I. If he
+
obtains grades A and Fin theory and courses and grade A in practical course, corresponding grade
points are 5 and 0 in theory courses and 6 in practical course. His credit points shall be 5x4 + 0x4 + 6x2 =
32. He/she has earned 4 + 0 + 2 = 6 credits (as the learner has not passed one of the theory courses) and
his/her SGPA is 3.2 which we obtain by dividing credit point by total number of credits offered by the
student.
Grades obtained in elective subjects and compulsory language course/ES course shall not be
considered for calculating SGPA in any of the semesters.
3.5.8.3 Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) is the value obtained by dividing the sum of credit
points obtained in core courses in successive semesters taken by the student by the sum of
credits in core courses in those semesters and shall be rounded off to two decimal places.
n
CGPA 
 (CrP)
s 1
n
 (Cr )
s 1
s
s
(s is the number of semesters)
Similar calculation as has been illustrated in section 3.5.9.2 for more than one semester will give CGPA up to
that semester.
3.6 Promotion to higher semesters
3.6.1
3.6.2
3.6.3
Promotion of a student from an even semester to the next higher (odd) semesteris subject to the
minimum academic performance requirements.
In order to be promoted from first to second semester, a student must have maintained 60% of
attendance, in aggregate, in semester one. Number of credits earned is not a requirement for this
promotion.
To be eligible for promotion from second to third semester, a student must have maintained a
minimum of 60% of attendance, in aggregate, in semester two and must have earned a minimum of
50% of total credits offered in core subject and 50% of total credits offered in elective subjects and
compulsory course combined, up to semester two. Following table gives the details of the programmewise credits to be earned, at the end of semester II, to get promoted from semester II to semester III.
Credits to be
earned
Programme
UG (Non-Vocational)
UG (Vocational)
PG
Professional (UG)
Core subject
Elective subject+
CompulsoryLanguage
10
12
24
20
8
8
-----------------
26
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Professional (PG)
29
---------
3.6.4
In order to be promoted from third to fourth semester, a student must have maintained 60% of
attendance, in aggregate, in semester three. Credit requirement remains the same as that for
promotion from semester two to three.
3.6.5
To be eligible for promotion from fourth to fifth semester, a student must have maintained a minimum
of 60% of attendance, in aggregate, in semester four and must have earned a minimum of 75% of total
credits offered in Core subject and 75% of total credits offered in elective subjects and compulsory
course, combined, up to semester four. Following table gives the details of the programme-wise credits
to be earned, at the end of semester IV, to get promoted from semester IV to semester V.
Credits to be
earned
Programme
UG (Non-Vocational)
UG (Vocational)
Professional (UG)
Professional (PG)
3.6.6
3.6.7
3.6.8
3.6.9
3.6.10
Core subject
Elective subject +
Compulsory Language
30
36
60
87
24
24
-----------------
In order to be promoted from fourth to fifth semester, a student must have maintained 60% of
attendance, in aggregate, in semester five. Credit requirement remains the same as that for promotion
from semester four to five.
A promoted student with carry courses shall be required to clear allthose coursesin the subsequent
Semesters and earn requisite number of credits.
A student, who is not eligible for promotion to the next higher (odd) semester for reasons of not having
earned minimum credits required, shall have to reappear with the regular students in the End-Semester
Examinations of the carry courses only, in the next academic year. Marks obtained in the Continuous
Internal Assessment earlier, shall be retained.
A student will not be awarded a degree unless he/she has earned the requisite number of credits for a
particular programme within the valid period of his/her registration in the college.
It is also necessary for the award of degree that the student earns the requisite number of nonacademic credits for that programme.
3.7 AWARD OF DEGREE/DIPLOMA/CERTIFICATE:
3.7.1
3.7.2
3.7.3
All degrees shall be awarded by Ranchi University, Ranchi.
Certificate/Diploma shall be awarded by St. Xavier’s College,Ranchi.
Provisional Certificate: The Principal/Registrar shall issue a provisional certificate to every student who
has passed undergraduate/undergraduate vocational/postgraduate (degree/diploma) /professional
courses(UG/PG) examination.
Requirements for obtaining degree/diploma: In order to receive a degree/diploma a student shall have
to meet the following requisites:
3.7.4

Fulfill all requirements prescribed in a programme and earn the required credits for the programme as
listed below
Programme
Academic Credits to
Non-academic
Total
Duration of the
27
DRAFT
Postgraduate
Degree
Postgraduate
Diploma
Undergraduate
Degree
Undergraduate
Degree (vocational)
Professional Degree
(UG)
Professional Degree
(PG)


be earned
96
Credits to be earned
2
Credits
98
Course
2 years
24
00
24
1 year
116
3
119
3 years
116
3
119
3 years
120
3
123
3 years
174
3
177
3 years
Paid all dues to the College.
Have no pending cases of indiscipline against him/her.
3.8 UNFAIR MEANS:
3.8.1
The following shall be deemed to be unfair means:
3.8.1.1 Talking to any person inside or outside the examination hall during the examination hours
without the permission of a member of the supervisory staff.
3.8.1.2 Leaving the examination hall without submitting the answer book or continuation sheet, if any,
to the invigilator concerned and taking away, tearing off or otherwise disposing off the same or
any part thereof.
3.8.1.3 Writing answer to a question or anything relating to a question on any other piece of paper,
cloth, desk, body parts, except the answer book or the continuation sheet supplied to the
examinee.
3.8.1.4 Using abusive language in the examination hall or writing the same in the answer book.
3.8.1.5 Making an appeal to the examiner through answer book.
3.8.1.6 Possession by examinee or having access to books, notes, papers or any other unwanted
material.
3.8.1.7 Passing on or trying to pass on a copy of question or a part thereof, or the question paper itself
or a part thereof, or solution to a question or a part thereof, or the answer script/continuation
sheet or a part thereof, to any other candidate or person during the examination hours.
3.8.1.8 Receiving or trying to receive with or without the help or connivance of any member of the
supervisory or the menial staff or any outside agency, solution to a question or a part thereof,
including doing so through electronic means.
3.8.1.9 Concealing, disfiguring, rendering illegible, destroying, swallowing, running away with, causing
disappearance of or attempting to do any of these things in respect of any book, paper or other
material or device, used or attempted to be used for assistance in answering a question or a part
thereof.
3.8.1.10 Taking into the examination hall an answer book or a continuation sheet, or taking out or
arranging to send out an answer book or a continuation sheet, or replacing or attempting to get
replaced the answer book or continuation sheet, during or after the examination with or without
the help or connivance of any other person connected with the examination or through any
other agency, whatsoever.
3.8.1.11 Influencing directly or indirectly, an examiner, tabulator or any other person connected with the
examinations, with the object of inducing him/her to leak out the question paper or any part
thereof, or to enhance marks, or to favourably evaluate, to change the marks awarded in favour
of the candidate.
28
DRAFT
3.8.1.12 Intimidating, threatening, manhandling, using violence, show of force in any form against any
invigilator or a person on duty in the examination, or against any examinee, shouting, causing
commotion in any manner, inciting or otherwise persuading examinees to walkout from the
examination hall, creating, or contributing to a situation leading to violence, or disturbance, or
obstruction to the smooth functioning of the examination.
3.8.1.13 Impersonating for a candidate in the examination.
3.8.1.14 Forging a document or using a forged document in any matter relating to the examination.
3.8.1.15 The examination committee may declare by resolution an act of omission or commission, to be
unfair means.
3.8.2
If any student is found to have used or attempted to use unfair means in any examination:
3.8.2.1 His/her answer book shall be seized by the invigilator/any person concerned with the conduct of
examination.
3.8.2.2 Invigilator/the person concerned shall submit a detailed report along with the answer book(s) of
the student and other related material(s), if any, to the Examination Controller immediately.
3.8.2.3 A written statement to this effect shall be obtained from the student by the Examination
Controller.
3.8.2.4 In case a student refuses to give a statement/is unavailable for the purpose, he/she shall not be
forced to do so but the fact of refusal be recorded by the Examination controller in the report.
3.8.2.5 The student reported to have used unfair means shall be expelled from that semester
examination. Grade‘U’ shall be awarded to him/her in all thecourse of that semester
examination.
3.8.2.6 Such students shall not be allowed to take admission in the next higher semester. He/she will
have to appear in the Mid-Semester and End-Semester Examinations with the regular students in
the next academic year in order to clear the courses offered by him/her in the semester
examination in which he/she was caught using unfair means. He/she will also have to attend
regular classes in all courses of that semester.
3.8.2.7 A notice to this effect shall be subsequently issued by the Principal. However, the matter shall be
reported to the Examination committee for further action, if any.
3.8.2.8 A student caught using unfair means in the regular end semester examinations will be allowed to
appear in the End-semester examination of the carry courses of previous semesters, if any.
3.8.2.9 If a student is caught using unfair means in the examination for the second time, he/she shall be
issued Transfer Certificate from the college.
3.8.2.10 The Committee nominated by the Principal for going into complaints regarding unfair means
shall meet within a week of the completion of the examination concerned. It shall recommend
appropriate action as per the College Examination Rules, irrespective of the fact that the matter
has been reported for the legal action under Anti-copying Act, Jharkhand. The decision shall be
communicated to the students concerned immediately. All disputes concerning examinations
shall be settled in the courts of Ranchi, Jharkhand only.
29
DRAFT
3.9 Remuneration for Examination work:
3.9.1
Remuneration Table
Observer
ì 60/-per sitting + ì 20/-(Ref)
Invigilators
ì 75/-per sitting
Water boy
ì 15/-per sitting
Evaluation work
Non Teaching Staff(Lab. Technician)
Non Teaching Staff(Lab. boy)
ì 5/- per student (minimum ì 200/- )
ì 4/- per student (minimum ì 225/-
Paper Setting (Theory and Practical*)(UG)
ì 750/- per paper per set
Practical Examination and Evaluation(UG)
ì 20/- per copy (minimum ì 300/- )
Practical Examination (Viva Only)(UG)
Paper Setting (Theory and Practical*)(PG/PG Diploma)
Mid Semester Answer Book Evaluation(UG)/(PG)
End Semester Answer Book Evaluation(UG)
ì 10/- per student (minimum ì 300/- )
ì 800/- per paper per set.
ì 7/- per copy (minimum ì 200/- )
ì 20/- per copy (minimum ì 200/- )
Project Evaluation (UG)
ì 15/- per student(minimum ì 200/- )
Project Viva (UG)
ì 10/- per student(minimum ì 200/-)
Answer Book Evaluation(PG)
Conveyance
ì 25/- (minimum ì 300/- )
ì 100/- per day*
Refreshment (Teaching staff)
ì 20/- per day
Refreshment (Non-Teaching staff)
ì 15/- per day
Halting (External Examiner)
)
ì 500/- per day
Tabulation work (if done by Profs.)
Entry of Marks in computer
ì 150/- per 100 candidate
Scrutiny
Menial Staff (Locating the answer book)
ì 5/- per answer book(Minimum ì 100/-)
30
DRAFT
Scrutiny of Answer book
ì 10/- per answer book( Minimum ì 200/-)
HE Fees and Revision Charges
One examiner
ì 450/-
Two examiners
ì 550/-
Three examiners
ì 650/-
Four examiners
ì 750/-
Revision charges
3.9.2
10% of the total answer books @ ì 10/-
Earned-Leave for Examination Work during Vacations:
3.9.2.1 The Principal shall issue letters to individual teachers requesting him/her, to offer their services
(invigilation, evaluation, tabulation, practical examination and so on) during vacations.
3.9.2.2 If a teacher accepts the offer, his/her services shall be considered for that period. The teacher
shall have to take permission for absence during that period.
3.9.2.3 The teacher shall be granted earned-leave equal to one third of the total number of days during
the period including Sundays.
31
DRAFT
Unit 4
Examination Committee and other Bodies
4.1 THE EXAMINATION COMMITTEE:
The Examination Committee shall have the final authority in matters concerning examinations.
4.1.1 Composition of the Examination Committee
4.1.1.1 The examination committee shall have the following members:
Principal (Chairperson)
Vice Principal
Registrar
Bursar
Deans of Arts, Science, Commerce, Students’ Welfare
Controller of Examinations ( Convener- cum- Member Secretary)
Seven members of the teaching staff.
(There shall be two members each fromScience, Arts and Commerce faculty and one member to represent
vocational programmes. They shall be nominated by the Principal in consultation with the Deans on a rotational
basis for a term of 2 years.)
4.1.1.2 In case of a mid-term vacancy of a nominated member, the newly nominated member shall serve
for a full term of 2 years.
4.1.1.3 No nominated member shall serve the committee for more than two consecutive terms.
4.1.2
Functions of the Examination Committee:
32
DRAFT
4.1.2.1 A minimum of 60% of the nominated members including the Deans shall constitute the quorum
for the meetings of examination committee.
4.1.2.2 The examination committee shall lay down policy guidelines for the conduct of all college
examinations and place it before the Academic Council for its approval..
4.1.2.3 It shall review annually the examination system, including the results and submit a report to the
Academic Council of the college.
4.1.2.4 It shall take decisions regarding complaints of unfair means and other related matters, including
constitution of enquiry committees, if necessary.
4.1.2.5 The Committee may propose amendments in the examination system of the college for the
improvement of quality and the credibility of the system. These proposals shall be effective only
after proper approval by the Academic Council of the college.
4.1.2.6 The committee may appoint observer/observers for the conduct of the End-Semester
Examination including both theory and practical examinations. The observer(s) shall submit a
daily report to the Principal in a given format certifying that the conduct of examinations have
been fair.
4.2
EXAMINATION DEPARTMENT:
4.2.1 Constitution of Examination Department
4.2.1.1 The examination department shall consist of a full time Controller of Examinations to be
appointed by the Principal and three part time Assistant Controllers of Examinations to be
nominated by the Examination Committee. The appointment /nomination will be for a term of
two years.
4.2.1.2 If a member of the staff, in active service, is appointed as a full time Controller of Examinations
he/she shall be paid a special pay per month according to the provisions made in UGC guidelines
for Autonomous Colleges.
4.2.1.3 If a member of the staff, in active service, is nominated as Assistant Controller of Examinations
he/she shall be paid a special pay as decided by the IQAC of the college.
4.2.1.4 In case of a mid-term vacancy of a nominated member, the newly nominated member shall serve
the department for a full term of two years from the date of his/her nomination.
4.2.1.5 No Controller of Examinations shall serve the Examination Department for more than two
consecutive terms and not for more than three terms in his/her entire service period.
4.2.1.6 In case of non-availability of a competent candidate willing to shoulder the responsibilities of
Controller of Examinations, the Principal, in consultation with the members of IQAC, may allow
the Controller of Examinations to continue for a third consecutive term.
4.2.1.7 There shall be a number of clerical staff to assist the examination department.
4.2.2
Functions of the Examination Department
4.2.2.1 The Examination Department shall be accountable to the Examination Committee.
4.2.2.2 Paper Setting:
(i) For each course (Theory and Practical), the examination department shall invite from the
HODs, two names of possible Paper Setters/Examiners of which one shall be external. These
names shall be submitted to the Principal or Controller of Examinations who will select any
one out of these two to act as Paper Setter/Examiner. However, he may consult the HOD
concerned, if necessary.
33
DRAFT
(ii) Paper Setters and Head Examiners should have at least seven years of teaching experience
and co-examiners should have at least three years of teaching experience. In case of nonavailability of examiners fulfilling above criteria, the condition may be relaxed after
consultation with the Examination committee.
(iii) In the End-semester examinations of a UG programme(including non-vocational honours,
vocational honours and professional programmes)questions for a minimum of 50% of the
total number of core courses shall be required to be set and evaluated by external examiners.
(iv) In the End-semester examinations of a PG programme(including non-vocational and
professional programmes)questions for a minimum of 50% of the total number of courses
shall be required to be set and evaluated by external examiners, preferably outside the state
of Jharkhand.
4.2.2.3 Evaluation:
If the number of examinees in a course is 150, or fewer, the paper setter may also bethe
evaluator. If the number of examinees exceeds 150, more evaluators shall be appointed by the
Examination Department in consultation with the Principal and the HOD’s concerned, as the
need may be, following the same procedure as outlined in rule 4.2.2.2.
4.2.2.4 The Examination Department shall issue appointment letters to the examiners/paper-setters.
4.2.2.5 The Examination Department shall make arrangements for the printing of the question papers
for all the examinations.
4.2.2.6 The Examination Department shall issue examination forms to the students on receiving the
clearance slip and shall collect the completed examination forms from them.
4.2.2.7 An eligible examinee shall be issued an admit card by the examination department, which he/she
has to produce during the examination.
4.2.2.8 The Examination department may issue a duplicate Admit Card on payment of a feedecided by
the college, if it is satisfied that an examinee’s Admit Card has been lost or destroyed.
4.2.2.9 The Examination Department shall appoint invigilators and other staff required for examination
work.
4.2.2.10 The Examination Department shall code the answer-books after the completion of the
examination as soon as possible.
4.2.2.11 The Examination Department shall arrange for a centralized evaluation (if required) in
consultation with the Principal.
4.2.2.12 The Examination Department shall decode the answer-books after the completion of the
evaluation work.
4.2.2.13 The Examination Department shall make arrangements for tabulating credits, marks and grades.
4.2.2.14 The Examination Department shall display the course wise marks and grades obtained by a
student along with the credits earned by him/her after each End-Semester examination.
Together with this the Examination Department shall also calculate and display the SGPA and
CGPA of each student on the website of the college. A copy of this information shall be sent to
the departments concerned.
4.2.2.15 The Examination Department shall issue a memorandum of progress card to each learner in
cumulative manner indicating credits earned and grades awarded at the end of each semester.
The final memorandum at the end of the programme shall be issued only after the successful
completion of each course of the said programme.
4.2.2.16 The Examination Department shall ensure the safety and security of all documents related to the
examinations.
4.2.2.17 The Examination Department shall perform any other duties related to examinations as
entrusted to it by the Principal.
4.3
MODERATION BOARD:
34
DRAFT
4.3.1
The Moderation Board shall comprise of:
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
vi)
4.3.2
Principal: President
Vice Principal
Deans of Science, Arts, Commerce and Student’s Welfare
Controller of Examinations: Convener
Head of the Departments concerned
Special invitees
The Moderation Board shall review the results of the college examinations before its publication for the
purpose of moderation if required.
Unit 5
Memorandum of Learner’s Report Card
5.1
Introduction:
Curriculum design, teaching-learning and evaluation are the three important parameters of the educational
system. Therelationship between them is intimateand Evaluationplaysanimportantrolesothatany improvementin
thisparameterautomatically resultsintheimprovementofothers.
Severalcommissions&committeeshadbeenconstituted inthepastto deliberateontheissueofExaminationReforms and
Oneofthemajorrecommendations madebyalltheseCommissionsandCommitteesisthe
introductionoftheGradingsysteminplaceofthemarkingsystem.
5.2 Reporting of Learners Performance (Grade Card):
5.2.1 Conversion of Marks to Grades and Calculations of GPA (Grade PointAverage)
In theCreditandGradePointSystem,the assessmentofindividualCoursesin the concerned examinations will
be
on
the
basis
of
marks
only,
butthemarks
shall
later
be
convertedintoGradesbysomemechanismwhereintheoverallperformanceoftheLearners
canbereflectedafterconsideringtheCreditPointsfor
anygivencourse.However,theoverall
evaluationshallbedesignatedin termsofGrade.
Calculation of SGPA and CGPA based on 7-point scale:
Credit point (CrP) of a course is the value obtained by multiplying the GrP by Cr of the course: CrP = GrP x
Cr.
Semester Grade Point Average (SGPA) determines the overall performance of a student at the end of a
semester. It is the value obtained by dividing the sum of credit points (CrP) obtained by a student in
the Core courses taken in a semester by the sum of credits in Core courses taken by him/her. The grade
point shall be rounded off to two decimal places.
SGPA 
 (GrP  Cr )   CrP
 Cr
 Cr
Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) is the value obtained by dividing the sum of credit points
35
DRAFT
obtained in core courses in successive semesters taken by the student by the sum of credits in core
courses in those semesters and shall be rounded off to two decimal places.
n
CGPA 
 (CrP)
s 1
n
 (Cr )
s 1
s
s
(s is the number of semesters)
While calculating the SGPA or CGPA the value of Grade Point 1 shall be consider Zero (0) in case of
learners who failed in the concerned course/s i.e. obtained the marks below passing marks or grade
below ‘C’.
The grade cards can be issued to the Learners on the basis of the above calculations in a uniform format
prepared by the department of Examinations and approved by Academic Council. The Principal and
Controller of Examinations of the College will be authorized to sign the grade cards of the students.
The grade card will reflect the Credit points of the individual Course as well as Semester, conversion of
marks into grades, calculation of SGPA for each individual semester and the CGPA up to the completed
semesters.
The grade card shall be issued with SGPA, CGPA& Grade in case of middle semesters (semester I to V).In
case of final semester grade card will be issued only to those learners who have completed all the
coursesof that programme successfully and have earned required non-academic credits for the
completion of the programme. The credit points earned or accumulated will be shown on the
grade card.
5.2.2 Format for the grade card
36
DRAFT
37
DRAFT
38
DRAFT
39
DRAFT
40
DRAFT
41
DRAFT
42
DRAFT
43
DRAFT
44
DRAFT
Matter on the back page of semester I marks sheet.
Core courses
1
2
3
Topics covered
* Calculation of SGPA and CGPA based on 7-point scale:
Credit point CrP = GrP x Cr.
Semester Grade Point Average (SGPA)
SGPA 
 (GrP  Cr )   CrP
 Cr
 Cr
Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA)
n
CGPA 
 (CrP )
s 1
n
 (Cr )
s 1
s
s
(s is the number of semesters)
GRADE AND GRADE POINT TABLE:
CORE ELECTIVE (THEORY)
Grade
O
Marks in
percentage
>=85
Grade
Point
7
ELECTIVE (PRACTICAL)
Grade
Grade
Point
7
6
5
A
<75 &>= 65
5
<65 &>= 55
4
Grade
Point
7
+
<85 &>=75
6
<75 &>= 65
O
+
<85 &>= 75
6
A
A
<75 &>=65
5
A
+
A
O
A+
Marks in
percentage
>=85
<85 &>=75
Marks in
percentage
>=85
Grade
+
B
<65 &>=60
4
B
<65 &>= 55
4
B+
B
<60 &>=55
3
B
<55 &>=45
3
B
<55 &>=45
3
C
<55 &>=45
2
C
<45 &>= 33
2
F
<45
1
F
<33
1
C
F
<45 &>= 40
<40
2
1
45
DRAFT
Matter on the back page of semester II marks sheet.
Core courses
1
2
3
4
5
6
Topics covered
* Calculation of SGPA and CGPA based on 7-point scale:
Credit point CrP = GrP x Cr.
Semester Grade Point Average (SGPA)
SGPA 
 (GrP  Cr )   CrP
 Cr
 Cr
Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA)
n
CGPA 
 (CrP )
s 1
n
 (Cr )
s 1
s
s
(s is the number of semesters)
CORE
Grade
O
Marks in
percentage
>=85
ELECTIVE (THEORY)
Grade
Point
7
Grade
ELECTIVE (PRACTICAL)
O
A+
Marks in
percentage
>=85
<85 &>=75
Grade
Point
7
6
5
A
<75 &>= 65
5
<65 &>= 55
4
Marks in
percentage
>=85
Grade
Point
7
+
<85 &>=75
6
<75 &>= 65
O
+
<85 &>= 75
6
A
A
<75 &>=65
5
A
+
A
GRADE AND GRADE POINT TABLE:
Grade
+
B
<65 &>=60
4
B
<65 &>= 55
4
B+
B
<60 &>=55
3
B
<55 &>=45
3
B
<55 &>=45
3
C
<55 &>=45
2
C
<45 &>= 33
2
F
<45
1
F
<33
1
C
F
<45 &>= 40
<40
2
1
46