Enabling Robotics Testing with an Agile Mindset

Enabling Robotics Testing
with an Agile Mindset
Robotics Growth
Testing Challenges: Agile Mindset
Quality Robots?
Robotics Growth
Testing Challenges: Agile Mindset
Quality Robots?
Gartner Group :"The Hype Cycle of Emerging Technologies"
TITLE: The Man-Machine
ARTIST: Kraftwerk
RELEASE DATE: May 1978
TRACKS TO DOWNLOAD: The Robots
http://pitchfork.com/news/53127-watch-robyn-meets-the-robyn-robot-made-by-swedish-tech-students/
R.U.R.: Rossums Universal Robots (1920)

1927 the Maschinenmensch ("machine-human") gynoid
humanoid robot (also called "Parody", "Futura",
"Robotrix", or the "Maria impersonator"), the first
depiction of a robot ever to appear on film, was played by
German actress Brigitte Helm in Fritz Lang's film
Metropolis.
•
1942 the science fiction writer Isaac Asimov formulated his
Three Laws of Robotics.
•
1948 Norbert Wiener formulated the principles of
cybernetics, the basis of practical robotics.
•
1961 Fully autonomous robots appear (Unimate)
•
1970’s Industrial Robots
•
1980 -90 – Increased CPU Power / Smaller, Satellites, Laser
technology, Coding advances
•
2000’s – GPS, Wireless, Advanced Materials,
Nanotechnology, Advanced Sensors, Agile
•
Next…..
Karel Čapek
A dystopian story about things
going wrong at a factory
populated with sentient
“robots”
Research Labs
DARPA, USA
Charité Surgical Navigation and Robotics Lab
Cybernet Systems Corporation
IU Hardware Methods Group
LIRA-Lab: Laboratory for Integrated Advanced Robotics
NASA
Robotic, CZ
Russia's Central Research and Development
Institute of Robotics and Technical Cybernetics (CRDI RTC)
EU-IST project (Swarm Bots)
University Zurich
Google
Sogeti High Tech
Swedish Tech
More…..
Robotics Growth
Testing Challenges: Agile Mindset
Quality Robots?
Robotics Growth
Testing Challenges: Agile Mindset
Quality Robots?
http://cyberneticzoo.com
Source: Popular Mechanics October 1950.
Challenges
Mechanical / Dynamics
Electrical
Software / AI
Way of Building
Teams
Intense
Trial and Failure
Budgets
Implications
Materials / Environments
Battery / Power
Autonomous
Continuous / Daily
Multiple Talents Together
Stress Control
Experimentation
Time/Cost/Quality
Degree(s) of Freedom
Burn In
PETMAN (Protection Ensemble Test Mannequin) Humanoid Military
Robot, United States of America
Robot testing procedure where all components of the robot are operated continuously for an extended period of time. This is done to test
movement, and movement programming of the robot at early stages to avoid malfunctions after deployment.
Autonomy
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Advanced Step in innovative Mobility
3 Decades of Development (1986)
2000 (Autonomous) Stabilization Technology
130 cm / 50 kg
Hands 13 Degrees of freedom – can open bottles
In total 50+ degress of Freedom (can “dance”)
52 Volt Battery (40 Minutes)
Energy
The Real World
Robot Types
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Stationary robots (including robotic arms with a global axis of movement)
Cartesian/Gantry robots
Cylindrical robots
Spherical robots
Wheeled robots
Legged robots
Swimming robots
Flying robots
Mobile spherical robots (robotic balls)
Swarm robots
Others
Elements of a Robot
Sensors
Effectors (Pneumatics, Hydraulics, Engines)
Control Systems (the "brains")
 Pre Programmed
 Remote Control
 Supervisory
 Autonomous
Vocabulary
Downtime : A period of time in which a robot, or production line is
shut down due to malfunction or failure. See Uptime.
Error: The difference between the actual response of a robot and a
command issued.
Gravity Loading : The force exerted downward, due to the weight of
the robot arm and/or the load at the end of the arm. The force
creates an error with respect to position accuracy of the endeffector. A compensating force can be computed and applied
bringing the arm back to the desired position.
Interpolation: The method by which endpoint paths are created. In
general to specify a motion a few knot points are defined and then
all the intermediate positions between them are calculated by
mathematical interpolation. The interpolation algorithm used
therefore has a dramatic effect of the quality of motion.
Off-Line Programming: A programming method where the task
program is defined on devices or computers separate from the
robot for later input of programming information to the robot. (ISO
8373)
On-Line Programming: A means of programming a robot while the
robot is functioning. This becomes important in manufacturing and
assembly line production due to keeping productivity high while the
robot is being programmed for other tasks.
http://www.motoman.com/support/lifecyclemgt.php
AI
Approaches:
•
•
•
•
Cybernetics and brain simulation (Neurology + Information Theory,)
Symbolic (Cognitive, Logic Based, Symbolic Manipulation )
Sub-symbolic (Perception, Learning Patterns)
Statistical (Sophisticated Mathematics)
Tools:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Logic
Probabilistic methods
Classifiers and statistical learning methods
Neural networks
Control theory
Languages
Top Down: Build the brain first
Bottom Up Don't bother with a brain
Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co's first robot was Herbert Televox, built in 1927 by Roy Wensley at their East Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania plant.
"TMap® Human Driven"
Technovision
Robotics Growth
Testing Challenges
Quality Robots: What’s the Context?
After the Telelux, Westinghouse built several other robots—Katrina Van Televox,
Rastus Robot & Willie Jr., Willie Vocalite, succeeded by the most successful Elektro
the Moto-Man, built in 1937/38 at the Westinghouse's factory in Mansfield.
Quality
Management:
Testing
Quality Control
Quality Assurance
Robot Implementations (Context)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Industrial robots
Domestic or Household robots
Medical robots
Service robots
Military robots
Entertainment robots
Space robots
Hobby and competition robots
The D’s
Dirty
Dangerous
Dull
Depressing
Demanding
Daring
Dynamic
LS3 Robotic Pack Mule Field Testing by US
Military
A Step In Mankind's Obsolescence?






Robotic Workforce
Technological Military Superiority
Lack of Common Sense
Robohackers
“Rise of Machines”
Robotic Revolution
A Step In Mankind's Ongoing Advance?







Robotic Workforce
Technological Advances
Collective Intelligence
Learn how to Learn
Expendable
Harvest Automation
Robotic Surgery
KUKA ( Keller und Knappich Augsburg)
Agilus the world’s fastest robot – was programmed into play a match against table tennis champion Timo Boll, ranked at number 5 in the world.
http://www.energyandcapital.com/articles/what-bill-gates-is-buying/3926
http://labs.sogeti.com/about/