Historical Perspective on the Spring Bar Timing Machines

Transcription

TM
February 2016
SETTING SERVICE STANDARDS AND EDUCATING THE HOROLOGICAL COMMUNITY
Historical
Perspective
on the
Spring Bar
AMERICAN WATCHMAKERSCLOCKMAKERS INSTITUTE
Timing Machines
and How They Work
Overhauling the Urgos #32 Movement
IN THIS
issue
VOLUME 40, NUMBER 2, February 2016
Feature
Official Publication of the American
Watchmakers-Clockmakers Institute
EXECUTIVE & EDITORIAL OFFICES
American WatchmakersClockmakers Institute (AWCI)
701 Enterprise Drive
Harrison, OH 45030
866-FOR-AWCI (367-2924)
or 513-367-9800
Fax 513-367-1414
[email protected] • www.awci.com
www.facebook.com/MyAWCI
Industry News
The Surprisingly Not Totally DARPA Calls for More
Accurate Independent
Boring Search for Who
Timekeepers
Invented the Spring Bar
By Jack Forster
page 11
By Aaron Recksiek, CW21
page 30
Timing Machines
and How They Work
TAG Heuer Connected
Watch Released
By Dale Sutton
page 18
The American Spirit
Martenero
page 32
Geneva Group Up for Bid
After Filing for Chapter 11
By Donna Hardy
page 34
page 33
Donna Hardy
Managing Editor
Ext. 305 [email protected]
AWCI News
Kathy Ortt
Editor
[email protected]
By Fred T. White, CMW21
page 4
Education &
Certification
Jordan P. Ficklin, CW21
Executive Director
Janette Torres-Gomez
Graphic Designer &
Assistant Technical Support
Tom Schomaker, CMW21
Watchmaking Instructor
President’s Message
AWCI Educational Calendar
page 8
Executive Director’s Message AWCI Class Request Form
By Jordan P. Ficklin, CW21
page 5
Editor's Forum
By Donna Hardy
page 6
page 37
Timing Machines
and How They Work
Overhauling the Urgos #32 Movement
Cover Image:
The TAG Heuer Connected Watch.
See page 32.
From the Workshop
By Jack Kurdzionak, CW21, FAWCI
page 42
Q&A
By David Christianson, CMW21, FBHI,
FAWCI
page 44
By Daniel Benson, CMW
page 23
Buy, Sell, Trade, and
Employment Opportunities
Old-Time Resources
Watchmaking Excellence
Maureen Seals
Membership Coordinator &
Technical Support
Technical Discussion
CW21 Standards
Reprinting and reproduction is prohibited without written
permission from the American Watchmakers-Clockmakers
Institute. Copyright ©2016 by the American WatchmakersClockmakers Institute.
Horological Times (ISSNO 145-9546) is published
monthly and copyrighted by the American WatchmakersClockmakers Institute, 701 Enterprise Drive, Harrison, OH
45030-1696. Subscription price for the public is $175.00
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additional entries. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Horological Times, 701 Enterprise Drive, Harrison,
OH 45030
AMERICAN WATCHMAKERSCLOCKMAKERS INSTITUTE
page 47
page 48
By Paul Corn
page 25
Historical
Perspective
on the
Spring Bar
Columns
Affiliate Chapter News
Overhauling the Urgos
#32 Movement
February 2016
SETTING SERVICE STANDARDS AND EDUCATING THE HOROLOGICAL COMMUNITY
AWCI's Governing Structure
Cindy Whitehead
Education & Certification Coordinator
HOROLOGICAL TIMES
ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Karel Ebenstreit, Chairman, CMW, CC21
Paul Corn
Andrew DeKeyser, CW21
David Fahrenholz
Bob Little, CC, CW
Robert D. Porter, CMW
Wesley Simmons
TM
page 38
Classifieds
page 51
Advertisers’ Index
page 54
Clockmaking Excellence
CC21 Standards
page 40
Industry Advisory Board
Members
page 54
OUR VISION:
AWCI’s vision is to have an educated and passionate horological
community practicing the highest standards and with the resources
to provide quality goods and services.
OUR MISSION:
Setting service standards and educating the horological community.
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3
a message from the
president
FRED T. WHITE, CMW21
L
We can attend an affiliate chapter convention or
ast month my message was “You Hold in Your
AWCI’s convention; there are plenty of chances to
Hands the Tools to Shape Your Own Desget an education. We should strive to learn sometiny.” I would like to explore that concept a
thing new each day. If we challenge ourselves each
little farther. There is a young man here in Clinton,
day, doing something on the lathe or working on
Maryland, who has an interesting story to tell. His
a complicated timepiece, then we are improving. I
name is Brian Pappas and he owns Mama Stella’s
cannot think of anything that is more boring than
Ristorante Italiano. As a young man of 14, he went
doing the same job day after day. If all parts were
to work at the restaurant as a bus boy—cleaning
readily available and we could go to the magic wall
the tables, vacuuming the floors, and doing any
and just pick them up, then where is the
odd jobs that the owner asked him to
challenge? Such is not the case for most
do. While doing this job he said to me,
independent watchmakers and clock“One day I will be a waiter here.” Time
makers. We have to track them down or
passed, and one day we were in the resalter the part or make it or have it made.
taurant, and guess who our waiter was—
We should continue to study micromeBrian. He worked at this job for a year or
chanics because that is going to be the
two, and then he said, “My next job will
way of the future of horology. As parts
be maître d'.” Not too long after he said
become more difficult to obtain, we
this, he became the maître d', and then
must rely on our own skills.
he went on to be the manager. After
Author David L. Olpin says, “Success
several years as manager, he had the opis doing something you enjoy doing, doportunity to buy the restaurant, and to
ing it well, and having people appreciate
this day he operates this fine restaurant.
you for doing it.” So it should be with us
So you see, you can be in control Fred T. White
who work at the bench. A recent cusof your own destiny; it is entirely up to [email protected]
tomer wrote me referring to his watch,
you. You can believe that good things
“Reunited with my old friend Friday. Everything
will happen to you, and they will. It’s not enough
seems to be working fine.” Another customer
just to believe, but you must work at it. There is no
states, “Have had it on since it arrived, keeping persuch thing as a free lunch. It takes a positive atfect time. Better than ever and looks great.” That is
titude, lots of study, and hard work to make good
what makes it all worthwhile, doing a job that your
things happen. There are many opportunities for us
customers appreciate. Because CUSTOMERS are
to improve ourselves, by attending seminars, conthe most important part of our business. Without
ventions, and classes at AWCI. One thing we should
them we have nothing. I believe that we do have
all strive for is learning more about our profession,
in our control THE TOOLS TO SHAPE OUR OWN
whether we are a clockmaker or watchmaker—“It’s
DESTINY. It is up to you what you do.
what we learn after we know it all that counts.” AWCI Board Meetings Now Open to All Members!
All members are invited to participate in the monthly conference calls of the Board
of Directors. The meeting will be streamed live using the GoToWebinar format,
which will allow all interested AWCI members to participate.
To participate in the next meeting you will need to register at least 24 hours in
advance. You will need to have your AWCI member number available.
After you register, we will verify your membership. The morning of the call you
will receive an email with instructions to join the call.
You will be able to listen to the entire meeting. At certain times during the meeting your feedback may be requested, and you will be able to briefly share your
thoughts by using the "raise your hand" button in the platform. The experience will
be very limited for individuals who call in on the phone without logging in on their
computer.
4
February 2016
JORDAN P. FICKLIN, CW21
a message from the
executive director
T
Your greatest concerns were about the future
wo years ago in February we invited members
of the profession as it relates to spare parts, eduof AWCI to participate in a survey. You told us
cation, and quality of workmanship. I know these
you valued access to tech guides and Horoare still very present concerns with each of you as
logical Times above all other programs offered by
they are with me and with the Board of Directors.
AWCI. We continue to provide access to tech guides
As we shared last May, our focus as an organization
and slowly digitize them, expanding what is available
will continue to be on setting service standards and
at www.awci.com, and we have worked tirelessly to
educating the horological community.
improve the look and content of this magazine. We
Last year we asked you about Horological
hope you like what we have accomplished.
Times. We learned that most of our
Among the programs you said you
readers use Horological Times as their
would like to see developed by AWCI
primary source of news related to
were videos explaining AWCI’s high
watchmaking or clockmaking. You instandards to consumers and online edudicated that technical articles were
cation. As I mentioned last month, we are
the most valuable content, followed by
launching our new video series “Watchindustry news. We have made a strong
making Excellence,” which will appeal to
effort to attract more technical articles.
both the watchmaker and the consumWe increased author pay to encourage
er. Our first video about the standards
higher-quality contributions, and we
for hand alignment was published this
have expanded our industry news offerpast month. If you haven’t had a chance,
ings. We hope you like what you see. We
check it out at www.awci.com/videos or
are always looking for more contribuby searching for AWCI on YouTube.
tors, so if you are knowledgeable about
Other services you wanted AWCI to Jordan P. Ficklin
[email protected]
clock or watch repair topics, please condevelop included a directory of brands
tact the editor.
and their spare parts policies as well as a
Last month and this month we have included a
directory of businesses in our industry. We revealed
survey about educational classes in this magazine.
our spare parts directory in January of last year and
This is going to help us develop new classes as well
it continues to be a work in progress in an everas help us offer bench courses closer to where you
changing industry, but it exposes and publicizes the
live. I encourage you to fill out the survey. You can
fact that it is difficult to obtain spare parts for the
majority of brands on the market today.
do it online or you can make a copy of the form in
For classes you asked for more advanced topics.
this magazine and mail it to us.
This past year we invited Henrik Korpela to come to
You are the future of this organization. Reach out
the US and teach High-End Decoration and Finishto me or to the Board of Directors and we will lising Techniques. I’m pleased to announce he will be
ten to your concerns. Together we all want to make
returning two times this year. We will offer the finishAWCI a better organization, and we want to create
ing class again ahead of this year’s convention, and
an educated and passionate horological commuhe will be teaching an advanced class at AWCI headnity practicing the highest standards and with the
quarters in August. We have also added a Vintage
resources to provide quality goods and services.
Chronograph class, Watchmaking Theory class, and
Hairspring Vibrating course to this year’s schedule.
Your Directory Listing has Changed!
87% of Find A Professional directory listings were showing no phone numbers.
To better serve your customers all directory listings now automatically show your
business number (unless you had selected another number).
If you do not want your phone number displayed in the Find A
Professional directory you must login and change your listing or
call AWCI and request that your phone number not be displayed.
Watch this video to learn how to update your directory listing.
https://youtu.be/lqLquJYLSTs
Horological Times
5
Editor’s
Forum
A Note of
Appreciation
Paul Corn received this note from
an HT reader.
Dear Sir,
Just a note of appreciation
and thanks for your article on
repairing music box governors
in Horological Times, January
2016. It is so nice to see an
article relevant to a member’s
real work instead of all the
exotic higher-grade horological
articles. I have repaired cuckoo
clocks for 35+ years and always
enjoy learning from another
approach. I have a pile of used
governors which I often take a
gear off of but replace with new
whenever possible. However,
your tip with the plastic gears
was good.
Sincerely,
Robert Mohr
Lifetime member of AWCI
The Hamilton Poster
I really like the Hamilton poster.
It is just the right size. I placed
it under the clear plastic mat
where I take in watches and
clocks, and I get a lot of positive
comments on it, especially from
collectors.
Bob Little, CC, CW
Editor’s Note: If you’d like to order the
Hamilton poster to put in your workshop, go to
www.awci.com/online-store (or see page 24).
Writers for Horological Times can earn between $300 and $875 or more per article.
It depends on the length of the article (25 cents per word). Earn a 10% bonus
for submitting assigned articles early or on time. If you’d like to write for Horological
Times, email [email protected] for guidelines.
www.facebook.com/HorologicalTimes
6
www.twitter.com/AWCInstitute
www.instagram.com/AmericanWatchmakers
February 2016
Praise for San Diego Polishing Class
Dear Mr. Jordan Ficklin and Tom Schomaker:
When Mr. Russell Tilghman told me I'd benefit from taking a polishing class I thought to myself,
"I've been polishing for almost 30 years with satisfactory results. What is there to learn about
polishing?"
It turns out quite a bit, not just about the superiority of today's compounds formulation, but about
new techniques utilized where one can achieve near flawless results, more in line with factory
specifications. After this class my level of self-confidence has improved tenfold.
I'd like to thank all of you for making it possible to have technical training in San Diego, and
I truly wish, Tom, that training could have been extended/expanded to cover subjects such as
watch hands refinishing and removing blemishes on dials, or even other topics, such as movement
finishing.
Time
is
Money
On this subject, the general consensus of all
the participants was that should hands/dial
training be taught in San Diego everyone
would attend. Any dates available... 
The venue was top notch with easy access,
plenty of parking, and great restaurants within
walking distance, right across the street from
one of many San Diego harbors.
Thank you again, and God preserve Tom's
elephant memory and his ability to engage the
class in such an easy and friendly way.
Hope to see you back soon!
Knowing how to properly repair watches and clocks
saves time—while also generating additional traffic and
profits. It also helps to protect and enhance the brands
you promote as well as your reputation and integrity.
Expertise through formal training is available through
AWCI, and demand is growing! We invite you to learn
more about the CW21 and CC21 certification programs.
American Watchmakers-Clockmakers Institute
Harrison, OH 45030-1696
866-367-2924
www.awci.com
Dario Iglesias, CW21
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7
calendar
AMERICAN WATCHMAKERS
AWCI's goal is to continue to provide high-quality continuing education for watchmakers of all skill
levels. Having Tom Schomaker as our full-time watchmaking instructor ensures just that. He brings with
him many years of watchmaking experience as well as a passion and talent for teaching. Whether you
are just starting out or have 30 years’ experience, we guarantee you can learn something in our state-ofthe-art classroom. Together with the support of the education committee and the REC, AWCI is working
to introduce classes designed to help train retail watch technicians, develop certified watchmakers, and
prepare a new generation of master watchmakers.
Prices below reflect member's discount! Not sure which course to sign up for? Please log on to our website and fill out the Professional Experience Questionnaire. Contact
us so we can help you find the best course suited to your skill level, expertise, and interests.
Don’t see the course you want here? We are always trying to expand and improve our course offerings and we welcome suggestions. We may also have a course already
developed that isn’t scheduled, and we can try to accommodate you.
Looking for someone to come to your business, chapter, or guild to teach a course? We do that too. Please contact our education and certification coordinator for more
information.
We hope to see you, your friends, and your associates in our classroom soon!
WATCH 230: Balance Staffing & Timing
(February 22-26)
This course will teach the student all the fundamentals of balance staff replacement. Topics covered will include the verification and analysis of the escapement function, poising
(static and dynamic), truing and timing adjustment in a mechanical watch, cutting out a balance staff on a lathe as well as modern methods. Calibers used include ETA 6497 and
ETA 2824.
February 15-19
$1,095
WATCH 190: 21st Century Watchmaking Standards
Instructor: Tom Schomaker, CMW21
AWCI Headquarters
Harrison, Ohio
This course will teach students the fundamentals of
modern mechanical watch repair for models most
prevalent on the market today. Topics covered will
include cleanliness, lubrication, endshake adjustment,
and may include verification and analysis of escapement function.
Prerequisites: Basic understanding of manual-wind
watch function, knowledge of watch terminology, and
ownership of basic hand tools.
February 22-26
$1,095
AWCI Headquarters
Harrison, Ohio
This course will teach the student all the fundamentals
of balance staff replacement. Topics covered will
include the verification and analysis of the escapement
function, poising (static and dynamic), truing and
timing adjustment in a mechanical watch, cutting out
a balance staff on a lathe as well as modern methods.
Calibers used include ETA 6497 and ETA 2824.
8
February 29-March 4
$2,495
CW21 Exam
AWCI Headquarters
Harrison, Ohio
March 14-18
$1,350 (includes polishing kit)
WATCH 175: Case & Bracelet Refinishing
AWCI Headquarters
Harrison, Ohio
Today’s luxury watch consumer demands perfection.
This course is perfect for the watchmaker or dedicated
refinisher. It will help you achieve the different finishes
on modern watch cases. Also covered is disassembly
and assembly of common watch cases.
March 28-April 1
$1,095
WATCH 220: Modern Mechanical
Chronograph—ETA 7750
AWCI Headquarters
Harrison, Ohio
This course focuses on the service and adjustment of
modern mechanical chronographs like the ETA 7750 and
is the perfect course for anyone preparing for the CW21
Exam. Students should have a solid understanding of
basic service procedures as this course will focus on the
chronograph mechanism itself.
April 4-8
$1,095
WATCH 210: Quartz & Quartz Chronograph Service Procedures & Diagnostics
AWCI Headquarters
Harrison, Ohio
The purpose of this course is to teach the student all the
fundamentals of modern basic quartz watch repair and
quartz chronographs that are most prevalent in today’s
market. The student will learn how to perform the various important electronic tests, e.g., current consumption,
coil resistance, lower working voltage, fault finding, etc.
April 11-15
$1,095
WATCH 420: Vintage Chronograph
AWCI Headquarters
Harrison, Ohio
This five-day class covers in detail the features, adjustments, theory, and service procedures of 20th-century
chronographs featuring one-piece cams, two-piece cams,
and column wheels and includes technical instruction on
the intricacies and unique features of early chronographs
from Valjoux, Omega, Movado, and Heuer.
February 2016
--
--
CLOCKMAKERS INSTITUTE
April 25-29
$2,495
CW21 Exam
AWCI Headquarters
Harrison, Ohio
May 2-6
$1,095
WATCH 200: Modern Automatic
AWCI Headquarters
Harrison, Ohio
The purpose of this course is to teach the student all
the fundamentals of modern mechanical automatic
watch repair that are most prevalent in today’s
market. The student will learn how to perform
the various components, cleaning, assembling,
adjustments, dialing, and casing.
May 16-20
$1,095
WATCH 240 : Servicing The Lever
Escapement
AWCI Headquarters
Harrison, Ohio
This intense five-day course will help you refine your
adjusting skills. The course covers all of the adjustments
for the Swiss lever escapement, hairspring, and balance. Also covered is the ETAChron system.
June 27- July 1
$1,295
WATCH 290: CW21 Preparatory
Course
AWCI Headquarters
Harrison, Ohio
This course is designed to help individuals who have
taken courses at AWCI to identify areas in which
improvement is still needed and provide them with
individualized instruction to help them prepare for
successful completion of the CW21 Exam.
Prerequisites: Successful completion of three or more
200-level AWCI courses.
July 11-15
$1,095
WATCH 220: Modern Mechanical
Chronograph—ETA 7750
AWCI Headquarters
Harrison, Ohio
This course focuses on the service and adjustment of
modern mechanical chronographs like the ETA 7750 and
is the perfect course for anyone preparing for the CW21
Exam. Students should have a solid understanding of
basic service procedures as this course will focus on the
chronograph mechanism itself.
August 22-26
$1,095
WATCH 210: Quartz & Quartz
Chronograph Service Procedures &
Diagnostics
AWCI Headquarters
Harrison, Ohio
The purpose of this course is to teach the student all
the fundamentals of modern basic quartz watch repair
and quartz chronographs that are most prevalent in
today’s market. The student will learn how to perform
the various important electronic tests, e.g., current
consumption, coil resistance, lower working voltage,
fault finding, etc.
September 12-16
$1,095
WATCH 240 : Servicing The Lever
Escapement
AWCI Headquarters
Harrison, Ohio
This intense five-day course will help you refine your
adjusting skills. The course covers all of the adjustments
for the Swiss lever escapement, hairspring, and balance. Also covered is the ETAChron system.
September 26-27
June 13-17
$1,095
WATCH 100: Introduction to Watch
Repair
AWCI Headquarters
Harrison, Ohio
A survey course for the new or prospective watchmaker covering the basic skills and techniques used
by the modern watchmaker. This class is perfect for
anyone thinking about entering the profession of
watchmaking or for the individual who just wants to
gain a better appreciation for the art of watchmaking. Students who take this class will be prepared to
advance to Basic Watchmaking II. Before attending,
students should study Theory of Horology and be
familiar with the basic nomenclature of watchmaking.
watch function, knowledge of watch terminology, and
ownership of basic hand tools.
August 8-12
$1,095
WATCH 190: 21st Century Watchmaking Standards
AWCI Headquarters
Harrison, Ohio
This course will teach students the fundamentals of
modern mechanical watch repair for models most
prevalent on the market today. Topics covered will
include cleanliness, lubrication, endshake adjustment
and may include verification and analysis of
escapement function.
Prerequisites: Basic understanding of manual wind
$595
High-End Horological Decoration and
Finishing
Instructor: Henrik Korpela
K&H Watchmaking Competence
Centre in Le Locle, Switzerland
Chicago, Illinois
Mr. Henrik Korpela will return to the United States
this year to attend the AWCI convention and give
an encore presentation of the two-day seminar on
high-end horological decoration and finishing, which
he presented last year. The course, which takes place
just ahead of the AWCI Annual Convention, is limited to
12 students. Topics covered will include black polishing
(specular polishing) screws, round polishing screws,
and bluing steel components. If time allows, additional
topics may include applying straight grain finishes and
sablage (a matte finish with characteristics similar to
sandblasting).
Continued on next page...
Horological Times
9
Education and Certification: AWCI Educational Calendar
October 3-7
$1,350 (includes polishing kit)
WATCH 175: Case & Bracelet Refinishing
AWCI Headquarters
Harrison, Ohio
Today’s luxury watch consumer demands perfection.
This course is perfect for the watchmaker or dedicated
refinisher. It will help you achieve the different finishes
on modern watch cases. Also covered is disassembly
and assembly of common watch cases.
October 10-14
$2,495
October 17-21
$1,095
AWCI Headquarters
Harrison, Ohio
This course will teach the student all the fundamentals
of balance staff replacement. Topics covered will
include the verification and analysis of the escapement
function, poising (static and dynamic), truing and
timing adjustment in a mechanical watch, cutting out
a balance staff on a lathe as well as modern methods.
Calibers used include ETA 6497 and ETA 2824.
November 14-18
$1,295
WATCH 430: Hairspring Vibrating
AWCI Headquarters
Harrison, Ohio
This course teaches the classical art of vibrating
hairsprings and helps watchmakers develop their skills
in manipulating and correcting errors in hairsprings as
well as forming new hairsprings from raw materials.
CW21 Exam
AWCI Headquarters
Harrison, Ohio
For additional details about specific courses in comprehensive syllabi form, including complete tool lists,
visit: http://www.awci.com/education-certification/education2/list-of-continuing-education-courses/
or contact Cindy Whitehead at 866-FOR-AWCI (367-2924), ext. 303.
2016
Annual
Convention
It’s a Great Time…
...For American Horological
Manufacturing
Chicago, Illinois
September 29 October 1
American Watchmakers-Clockmakers Institute
701 Enterprise Drive • Harrison, OH 45030
866-FOR-AWCI (367-2924) • 513-367-9800 • Fax: 513-367-1414
[email protected] • www.awci.com • www.facebook.com/MyAwci
10
February 2016
Feature: The Surprisingly Not Totally Boring Search for Who Invented the Spring Bar
The Surprisingly Not Totally Boring
Search for Who Invented the Spring Bar
By Jack Forster
This was originally published on the blog HODINKEE, January 5, 2016.
(The original impetus for this story was a question asked by commenter MrGrentch, in the comments section of our
story on the Speidel Twist-O-Flex bracelet. Little did I know where it would go.)
I
the same: a telescoping tube with two pins held inside
t’s probably a good thing that nobody has ever
watch lug holes by an internal
asked me who invented
spring; removing a spring bar
the spring bar, because up
They seem far too flimsy to have
until about a week ago, if they
any of us trust a $200 Seiko diver requires the use of a little tool
that, if you're careless, will let
had, I’d have had to admit that
to them, let alone, say, a $50,000
you put 10 years of wear on the
I had absolutely no idea, and
lugs of your watch in about 10
had never given it a moment’s
vintage Rolex (or whatever)
seconds. If you feel like orderthought. In fact, aside from ocand yet, they seem to be almost
ing at least a hundred, Otto Frei
casionally cursing at one when it
flew across the room during an boringly reliable—mostly, anyway, will sell them to you (at the time
ill-advised late-night impulsive
and this despite the fact that they of this writing) for the low, low
price of exactly 94 cents a pop
strap change, I had hardly given
can’t be cleaned or serviced, and
(“assembled by hand in a small
spring bars any thought on any
are basically disposable.
village in Switzerland” no less,
level at all for pretty much the
so bad cess to you, you nonentire time I’ve been interested
small-Swiss-village-non-hand-assembling spring bar
in watches (which is longer than I feel like admitting).
makers, may you and your shoddy wares be hurled
into an outer darkness, where there is a wailing and a
gnashing of teeth). They seem far too flimsy to have
any of us trust a $200 Seiko diver to them, let alone,
say, a $50,000 vintage Rolex (or whatever) and yet,
they seem to be almost boringly reliable—mostly,
anyway, and this despite the fact that they can’t be
cleaned or serviced, and are basically disposable.
In the course of trying to find out who invented
the spring bar, I found out that not only did I not
know who invented the spring bar, quite a few other
people didn’t know either—in fact, nobody seemed
to know, including everyone in the office, all my
usual backup sources, the heads of the watch departments at a couple of major auction houses, and
several experts in horological history and the history
They’re ubiquitous to the point of invisibility, but
of early wristwatches. This was provoking. Who, I
the longer you think about spring bars, the weirder
thought, actually invented the things? I started dothey seem. Of all the parts of a watch—any watch—
ing some digging, and what I thought was going to
they are undoubtedly the most pedestrian, and you
be a straightforward 15 minutes or so turned into
can find, as far as I can tell, exactly the same spring
hours of going through increasingly obscure patent
bars holding a $75 watch on as you can find holding a
archives, which very slowly began yielding not just
$75,000 watch on. Some makers like to offer spring
actual patents for methods of attaching a watch to
bars with little tabs that let you remove a strap with
a strap (easy to find) but things that actually looked
a fingernail. Some will throw in gold spring bars with
like early spring-bar patents (a bit harder).
your gold watch (as well they should at those prices)
but in every case, the basic mechanical principle is
Horological Times
11
Feature: Timing Machines and How They Work
Timing Machines and How They Work
W
atches and clocks were timed for hundreds
of years without the benefit of timing machines, so why do we now need a timing
machine? Once I cover why timing machines are
needed, I will discuss how they work.
Why Do You Need a Timing Machine?
When you receive a timepiece for service you may
want to first test it to look for any issues. If it is running, maybe the customer just wants it adjusted.
Without a timing machine, it would take hours or
days to determine if it is running correctly. If the
timepiece needs service, then once it is cleaned and
reassembled it will need to be adjusted and tested.
With a pocket watch, this can be done without a timing machine by hanging the pocket watch on a peg
and checking it against a known watch or clock and
adjusting the regulator until it performs acceptably.
Today it is costly to have an extended evaluation
period, and customers are looking for a reasonable
turnaround time on the servicing. This peg testing
did more than just indicate whether the watch kept
By Dale Sutton
time. It also provided evidence as to whether the
watch was in beat. If the watch was out of beat, it
would begin to swing back and forth over time. The
greater the swing, the more out of beat the watch
was. A timing machine provides a fast way of determining the rate and beat of a timepiece. The test can
be done in a few minutes to make a measurement,
and a watch can be turned in all six positions to look
for other errors. The timing machine also provides
indication of train errors such as magnetism, loose
pallet jewels, and escape-wheel problems.
Everyone doing mechanical timepiece servicing
should have a timing machine. All watch manufactures require timing machines for certification. These
machines must also provide for amplitude measurement. I will discuss this measurement later.
Even a collector may find having a timing machine
is a great advantage. Collecting antique watches is
my hobby. Once I had a timing machine, I was able
to see that several of my purchases had issues that
needed attention even though they were marked “in
good running order” and seemed to keep okay time.
Fig. 1
18
February 2016
Column: Old-Time Resources
You Can Learn about Escapements
(and more) in It's About Time
By Daniel Benson, CMW
M
Paul M. Chamberlain
It’s About Time
Paul M. Chamberlain
New York: Richard R. Smith, 1941
(Subsequently reprinted and republished numerous times)
any people are avid collectors of
Lastly, a third section highlights the work of
watches, but it’s unlikely there are
notable watchmakers of the seventeenth, eighmany who pursue the technical and
teenth, and nineteenth centuries. Most students
historical study of their treasures
of horological history would recognize the names
with such depth and breadth as the
of Graham, Harrison, Earnshaw, and Mudge;
author of It’s about Time. An engineer by training
however, Chamberlain also profiles a cast of
and a horologist by choice, Major Chamberlain
characters that are much less famous, including
served in the First World War, by which time he
Thuret, Richard, Sully, Beaumarchais, Kendrick,
had acquired a significant collection of timeand Gardner. These lesser-known watchmakers’
pieces, and was well known in both American
stories are fascinating in their own right, often
and European horological circles.
giving glimpses of both personal and profes Chamberlain’s particular obsession was the
sional lives “at the bench.”
technical evolution of the watch, and specifically,
It’s About Time is the posthumous compilathe escapement. Fully half of this book
tion of Chamberlain’s articles written
Chamberlain’s
is devoted to describing various esfor various journals over some 25
particular obsession years. As such, Chamberlain seleccapements, including historical ones
was the technical tively wrote about the timepieces and
such as the verge, cylinder, virgule, and
duplex. Where the book really shines,
people that interested him, without
evolution of
however, is the detail with which it
any pretense of offering a comprethe watch, and
examines the many variations of the
hensive history of watchmaking and
specifically, the
lever escapement, so that the reader
watchmakers. Many of the technical
escapement.
can follow the evolution of the escapearticles are based on watches from
ment from Mudge’s Queen Charlotte through
his collection; and, a number of the biographies
many curious (and more or less successful)
are of craftsmen that he had himself met in the
dead-ends to the modern Swiss lever. Numerous
late-nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
shorter chapters explore chronometer escapeWhat emerges is a very personal perspective on
ments and escapement oddities, such as Mozart’s
a technical and historical subject; in effect, It’s
three-wheeled chronometer lever and Jeunet’s
About Time is an engaging blend of technical
seconds-beating watch.
treatise and autobiography. Indeed, because
The second section expands on Chamberlain’s
Chamberlain often writes in the first-person we
keen interest in horological inventiveness. He
get a sense of a good friend sharing his delight
covers a range of mechanisms from Breguet’s
and his treasures with us while regaling us with
Pendule Sympathique to detailed descriptions of
stories about watches and the people who make
the development of the motor barrel and numerthem.
ous unique watches from his collection. The de It’s About Time is long out of print, although
scriptions of these (as with the escapements) are
copies can be found in libraries and through
often peppered with his personal observations or
used-book dealers (for example, abebooks.com),
anecdotes around the watches or the people he
or through online download services. You can
encountered in his tireless pursuit of watches and
also borrow it from AWCI’s library.
knowledge.
Daniel Benson is a graduate of watchmaking at George Brown College,
Toronto, and a first-place graduate of WOSTEP in Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
As well as a career in horology, Daniel has worked extensively in book
publishing and communications.
"Old-Time Resources" is designed to introduce new watchmakers and clockmakers to printed resources that have been around for
a long time but which newcomers to the field may not be aware of. The seasoned professional may also find value in these old-time
resources because they may have forgotten they exist, or they may never have been exposed to them.
Horological Times
23
America’s Watchmaking Heritage
Made in the USA!
Buy Your Hamilton Watch Poster Today!
24" X 36"
$
19
0% D
fi
nd d
m
99
“The Railroad Timekeeper of America”
&H
M mb
A NUM
No.
GRADE 942
18 SIZE, OPEN FACE, MOTOR BARREL, 17 JEWELS
GRADE 956
16 SIZE, OPEN FACE, 17 JEWELS
GRADE UNKNOWN
GRADE 946
GRADE 960
GRADE 971
16 SIZE, HUNTING, 21 JEWELS
GRADE 925
GRADE 926
GRADE 927
GRADE 931
GRADE 936
GRADE 937
GRADE 940
MODEL 23
16 SIZE, 19 JEWELS, CHRONOGRAPH
MARKED AS SAMPLE 49
MODEL 22
35 SIZE, 21 JEWELS, ADJ TO TEMP & 6 POS, SERIAL 2F001
MODEL 21
85 SIZE, MARINE CHRONOMETER, 14 JEWELS
GRADE 940
GRADE 924
GRADE 972
16 SIZE, OPEN FACE, 17 JEWELS, SINGLE ROLLER
GRADE 950E
16 SIZE, OPEN FACE, MOTOR BARREL, ELINVAR
23 JEWELS, MARKED AS MODEL
GRADE 950B
16 SIZE, OPEN FACE, 23 JEWELS, MARKED AS MODEL
GRADE 950
GRADE 973
16 SIZE, HUNTING, 17 JEWELS, SINGLE ROLLER
GRADE 972
16 SIZE, OPEN FACE, 17 JEWELS, DOUBLE ROLLER
GRADE 952
GRADE 974
16 SIZE, OPEN FACE, 17 JEWELS, SINGLE ROLLER
GRADE 974 SPECIAL
16 SIZE, OPEN FACE, 17 JEWELS, DOUBLE ROLLER
GRADE 974B
16 SIZE, OPEN FACE, 17 JEWELS, ELINVAR
MARKED AS MODEL
GRADE 975
GRADE 992L
GRADE 975
GRADE 977
GRADE 992B
ADJ TEMP & 6 POS, MARKED AS MODEL
GRADE 999
16 SIZE, OPEN FACE, 21 JEWELS, ADJ 5 POS
BALL WATCH CO., OFF RR STANDARD
SAPPHIRE PALLETS
GRADE UNKNOWN
NEVER PRODUCED, MARKED AS MODEL
GRADE 920
GRADE 922
GRADE 983
GRADE 505
5/0 SIZE
ELECTRIC BALANCE WHEEL
11 JEWELS
GRADE 980
14/0 SIZE, 17 JEWELS
GRADE 989
18/0 SIZE
17 JEWELS
GRADE 989E
18/0 SIZE
17 JEWELS, ELINVAR
GRADE 987S
6/0 SIZE, HUNTING
17 JEWELS
CENTER SECONDS, PROTOTYPE
MARKED AS 987A
GRADE 980
MARKED AS SAMPLE 77
GRADE 988
6/0 SIZE, OPEN FACE
17 JEWELS
GRADE 980
MARKED AS G22
GRADE 721
MA
GRADE 2987
6/0 SIZE, HUNTING
18 JEWELS
CENTER SECONDS
MARKED AS MODEL 31
GRADE 980
MARKED AS G39
GRADE 721
CENTER SECONDS
NOT PRODUCED
GRADE 998
MOTOR BARREL, ELINVAR
GRADE 998B
GRADE 904
GRADE 900
GRADE 922 MASTERPIECE
GRADE 979
6/0 SIZE, HUNTING
19 JEWELS
GRADE 687
6/0 SIZE, HUNTING
17 JEWELS
NEVER PRODUCED
GRADE 980
SHOCK RESISTANT
NOT PRODUCED
GRADE 402
ILLINOIS MADE, SERIAL H50001
GRADE 979F
6/0 SIZE, HUNTING
19 JEWELS
GRADE UNKNOWN
6/0 SIZE, HUNTING, 7 JEWELS
MARKED AS SAMPLE 74
NEVER PRODUCED
GRADE 980
INCABLOC
NOT PRODUCED
GRADE 986
6/0 SIZE, OPEN FACE
17 JEWELS
GRADE 999
6/0 SIZE, 17 JEWELS
NEVER PRODUCED
GRADE 980A
MARKED AS G33
GRADE 992L
GRADE 992
GRADE 992
GRADE 996
GRADE 6992B
ADJ TEMP & 6 POS, MARKED SAMPLE 32
GRADE 999B
MARKED AS MODEL
GRADE 987F
6/0 SIZE, HUNTING
17 JEWELS
GRADE 990
GRADE 3992B
16 SIZE, OPEN FACE, 22 JEWELS, ADJ TEMP & 6 POS
CENTER SECONDS, HACK, MARKED U.S. GOVT
GRADE 992E
ADJ TEMP & 6 POS
GRADE 918
GRADE 978
GRADE 910
GRADE 917
GRADE 986A
6/0 SIZE, OPEN FACE
17 JEWELS
GRADE 747
8/0 SIZE, 17 JEWELS
SERIAL Y001
GRADE 980B
MARKED AS MODEL
GRADE 987
6/0 SIZE, HUNTING
17 JEWELS
FIRST SERIAL NUMBER
GRADE 914
GRADE 912
GRADE 921
GRADE 917
MARKED AS MODEL
GRADE 987
6/0 SIZE, HUNTING
17 JEWELS
GRADE 748
8/0 SIZE, 18 JEWELS
CENTER SECONDS
SERIAL CY001
GRADE 957
8/0 SIZE, 17 JEWELS
NEVER PRODUCED
GRADE 980H
SOLD UNDER HOWARD NAME
GRADE 980W
SOLD UNDER ILLINOIS NAME
MARKED AS W551
GRADE 916
GRADE 987A
6/0 SIZE, HUNTING
17 JEWELS
NUMBER 0123456
GRADE 401
ILLINOIS MADE
GRADE 982
MARKED AS MODEL 1
GRADE 987A
6/0 SIZE, HUNTING
17 JEWELS
MARKED AS MODEL 1
GRADE 753
MARKED AS SAMPLE 7
GRADE 982
MARKED AS MODEL 2
NOT PRODUCED
GRADE 923
MARKED AS MODEL
GRADE 987E
6/0 SIZE, HUNTING
17 JEWELS, ELINVAR
MARKED AS MODEL NO. 1
GRADE 754
FIRST SERIAL NUMBER
GRADE 982M
GRADE 987E
6/0 SIZE, HUNTING
17 JEWELS, ELINVAR
GRADE 770
12/0 SIZE
22 JEWELS
GRADE 989
NO SERIAL NUMBER
This special collection of movement photos was received by the American Watchmakers-Clockmakers
Institute as a gift from Richard Slaugh of the Hamilton Watch Co. and original prints are located in the
Henry B. Fried Library. The selected photos represent movements produced in the USA. Pictured are
many rare movements including first serial numbers, samples, and model movements for calibers never
produced in addition to regular production pieces.
GRADE 750
21/0 SIZE
17 JEWELS
NUMBER 001A
GRADE 751
21/0 SIZE
17 JEWELS
GRADE 756
21/0 SIZE
19 JEWELS
MARKED AS 001K
GRADE 995
21/0 SIZE
17 JEWELS
GRADE 995A
21/0 SIZE
17 JEWELS
GRADE 911
22/0 SIZE
©AmericAn WAtchmAkers-clockmAkers institute · 701 enterprise Drive · hArrison, oh 45030 · 513-367-9800 · WWW.AWci.com
17 JEWELS
FIRST SERIAL NUMBER
Grade No.
Grade No.
934
1-20
936 94001-003
928
21-30
932 94004-95000
923
31-60
936 95001-96000
942
61-400
932 96001-100
940
401-1000
936 96101-700
936
1001-20
937 96701-97000
929
1021-30
933 97001-900
927
1031-60
937 97901-98000
924
1061-1100
933 98001-99000
1101-300
937 99001-100000 925
1301-600
933 100001-101000 924
1601-2000
937 101001-102000 925
2001-3000
7J 102001-103000 922
3001-100
931 103001-104000 927
3101-500
935 104001-105000 940
925
3501-600
931 105001-500
3601-900
935 105501-106000 927
3901-4000
931 106001-107000 940
941
4001-300
930 107001-400
943
4301-5100
934 107401-500
941
5101-400
926 107501-800
5401-600
934 107801-108000 943
928
5601-6000
930 108001-200
6001-600
936 108201-109000 926
927
6601-700
938 109001-500
6701-800
936 109501-110000 925
940
6801-7000
932 110001-900
942
7001-10
17J 110901-111000
937
7011-600
937 111001-500
941
7601-700
939 111501-112000
928
7701-800
937 112001-200
926
7801-8000
933 112201-113000
925
8001-700
936 113001-114000
940
8701-800
938 114001-003
8801-9000
936 114004-115000 936
927
9001-300
937 115001-116000
940
9301-600
939 116001-117000
925
9601-800
937 117001-118000
999
9801-900
933 118001-119000
9901-10000
939 119001-120000 925
10001-200
938 120001-121000 924
941
10201-400
936 121001-500
943
10401-50
932 121501-122000
940
10451-500
936 122001-300
942
10501-700
938 122301-400
10701-900
936 122401-123000 940
10901-11000
938 123001-124000 941
942
11001-12000
936 124001-100
940
12001-200
939 124101-800
12201-13000
937 124801-125000 942
13001-400
999 125001-126000 927
13401-14000
938 126001-127000 924
14001-15000
999 127001-128000 941
15001-300
939 128001-129000 936
15301-15401
21J 129001-130000 925
924
15302-700
937 130001-500
15701-16000
939 130501-131000 926
925
16001-100
931 131001-132000
926
16101-200
930 132001-100
16201-300
927 132101-200
934
16301-400
931 132201-500
926
16401-600
927 132501-133000 924
16601-17000
931 133001-134000 937
17001-500
929 134001-135000 924
17501-18000
931 135001-136000 925
18001-200
928 136001-137000 926
18201-300
926 137001-100
11J
18301-500
928 137101-138000
927
18501-19500
930 138001-139000 940
19501-700
926 139001-140000 937
19701-20000
930 140001-300
938
20001-300
934 140301-141000 942
20301-500
926 141001-142000
941
20501-21000
999 142001-143000 940
21001-300
935 143001-100
927
21301-500
927 143101-144000 925
21501-800
935 144001-145000 924
21801-22500
927 145001-146000 925
22501-800
931 146001-400
934
22801-23000
935 146401-147000 924
23001-200
928 147001-148000 927
23201-500
7J 148001-149000 940
24001-500
926 149001-150000 925
24501-25000
934 150001-151000 924
25001-100
11J 151001-400
927
25101-400
927 151401-500
935
25401-800
931 151501-152000
927
25801-26000
935 152001-153000 936
26001-500
930 153001-154000 941
26501-27000
928 154001-155000 936
27001-28000
929 155001-156000 927
28001-29000
999 156001-157000 940
29001-800
927 157001-158000 925
29801-30000
935 158001-159000 940
32001-300
926 159001-160000 941
32301-700
930 160001-161000 940
32701-33000
934 161001-162000
941
33001-500
931 162001-163000 926
33501-800
927 163001-164000 943
33801-34000
935 164001-165000 940
34001-500
928 165001-166000 925
34501-700
930 166001-167000 924
34701-800
926 167001-168000 927
34801-35000
934 168001-169000 940
35001-800
931 169001-400
935
35801-36000
935 169401-170000 927
36001-37000
928 170001-171000 999
37001-38000
929 171001-172000
925
38001-500
926 172001-100
934
38501-600
930 172101-173000
926
38601-900
934 173001-174000 925
38901-39000
926 174001-175000 924
39001-200
931 175002-176000 HWW*
39201-500
935 175001-699 HWW*
39501-700
927 176001-177000 940
39701-900
935 177001-178000 927
39901-40000
931 178001-179000 942
40001-200
930 179001-500
935
40201-500
934 179501-180000 927
40501-41000
926 180001-181000 940
41001-500
929 181001-182000
941
41501-42000
927 182001-300
926
42001-43000
999 182301-400
934
43001-300
941 182401-183000 926
43301-500
943 183001-184000 941
43501-700
937 184001-185000 940
43701-900
941 185001-186000 925
43901-44000
943 186001-187000 942
44001-02
21J 187001-188000 927
44003-400
938 188001-189000 924
44401-500
942 189001-190000 925
44501-45000
936 190001-191000 926
45001-46000
929 191001-192000 927
46001-500
926 192001-193000 924
46501-800
934 193001-194000 925
46801-47000
930 194001-195000 926
47001-500
927 195001-500
935
47501-700
935 195501-196000 927
47701-48000
931 196001-197000 926
48001-05
942 197001-198000 937
48006-300
940 198001-199000 936
48301-500
942 199001-200000 925
48501-900
940 200001-201000 926
48901-49000
942 201001-202000 925
49001-400
927 202001-500
926
49401-900
925 202501-203000 934
49901-50
11J 203001-204000 927
50071-500
962 204001-100
934
50501-750
960 204101-500
926
50751-50850
964 204501-205000 934
50851-51000
960 205001-206000 941
51001-51300
16s 206001-207000 940
51301-400
963 207001-208000 927
51401-650
961 208001-900
999
51651-750
965 208901-209000 940
51751-52000
961 209001-210000 925
52001-300
16s 210001-211000 940
52301-500
976 211001-212000
927
52501-700
974 212001-213000 940
52701-800
966 213001-500
941
52801-53000
976 213501-600
937
53001-53070
16s 213601-214000 925
53071-53500
977 214001-215000 924
53501-900
975 215001-216000 927
53901-54000
967 216001-217000 940
54001-200
972 217001-218000 927
54201-300
974 218001-219000 940
54301-500
976 219001-220000 925
54501-700
974 220001-221000 924
54701-800
968 221001-222000 927
54801-55000
976 222001-223000 926
55001-300
973 223001-02
927
55301-600
977 223003-04
941
55601-700
969 223005
937
55701-800
977 223006-224000 927
55801-56000
975 224001-225000 924
56001-300
974 225001-226000 927
56301-500
976 226001-227000 940
56501-600
966 227001-228000 925
56601-800
972 228001-229000 924
56801-900
974 229001-230000 925
56901-57000
976 230001-500
926
57001-300
977 230501-231000 924
57301-500
975 231001-565
937
57501-600
973 231566-232000 927
57601-800
975 232001-233000 940
57801-58000
977 233001-234000 941
58001-100
972 234001-235000 940
58101-200
974 235001-236000 941
58201-300
972 236001-237000 936
58301-400
966 237001-238000 941
58401-500
976 238001-239000 926
943
58501-600
972 239001-500
58601-800
974 239501-240000 941
58801-59000
976 240001-241000 940
59001-300
973 241001-242000 941
59301-500
967 242001-243000 940
59501-700
975 243001-244000 927
59701-60000
977 244001-245000 936
60001-500
976 245001-246000 925
60501-700
974 246001-247000 940
60701-61000
976 247001-248000 927
61001-200
975 248001-249000 940
61201-500
977 249001-250000 927
61501-600
973 250001-251000 926
61601-800
975 251001-252000 927
61801-62000
977 252001-253000 924
62001-100
972 253001-254000 925
62101-300
974 254001-255000 940
62301-500
976 255001-256000 925
62501-700
974 256001-257000 926
62701-900
972 257001-258000 941
62901-63000
974 258001-259000 924
63001-500
977 259001-260000 941
63501-600
975 260001-261000 940
63601-800
977 261001-262000 927
63801-900
975 262001-263000 926
63901-64000
973 263001-264000 925
64001-100
976 264001-265000 940
64101-200
972 265001-266000 927
64201-300
974 266001-267000 940
64301-600
972 267001-268000 925
64601-700
976 268001-269000 940
64701-900
974 269001-270000 927
64901-65000
976 270001-271000 940
65001-200
973 271001-272000 925
65201-300
977 272001-273000 926
65301-400
975 273001-274000 941
65401-500
973 274001-275000 924
65501-700
977 275002-100 HWW*
65701-900
975 275102-200 HWW*
65901-66000
977 275202-460 HWW*
66001-200
976 275462-500 HWW*
66201-300
974 276001-277000 940
66301-500
972 277001-278000 941
66501-600
976 278001-279000 940
66601-700
974 279001-280000 925
66701-800
972 280001-281000 936
66801-67000
974 281001-282000 927
67001-100
977 282001-283000 926
67101-300
975 283001-284000 925
934
67301-600
973 284001-500
924
67601-800
975 284501-900
67801-68000
977 284901-285000 999
68001-800
960 285001-286000 925
68801-69000
964 286001-287000 940
69001-100
977 287001-288000 927
69101-200
975 288001-289000 940
69201-400
973 289001-290000 927
936
69401-600
975 290001-800
69601-70000
977 290801-291000 938
70001-200
976 291001-292000 925
940
70201-400
970 292001-500
70401-600
968 292501-293000 942
70601-900
972 293001-294000 925
70901-71000
974 294001-295000 926
71001-200
975 295001-296000 927
971 296001-297000 940
71201-500
71501-700
975 297001-298000 927
71701-90
973 298001-299000 940
71791-800
969 299001-300000 925
71801-900
977 300001-300
972
71901-72000
975 300301-500
970
72001-100
974 300501-900
974
72101-300
976 300901-301000 968
72301-600
974 301001-400
975
72601-700
968 301401-500
971
72701-900
976 301501-302000 973
72901-73000
972 302001-100
990
73001-200
975 302101-200
992
73201-300
973 302201-300
990
73301-74000
977 302301-900
992
74001-400
974 302901-303000 990
74401-600
972 303001-100
973
74601-75000
976 303101-300
971
75001-76799 HWW* 303301-800
975
76002-76800 HWW* 303801-304000 973
77001-100
969 304001-100
970
77101-300
973 304101-400
972
77301-500
975 304401-305000 974
77501-600
971 305001-100
973
77601-700
973 305101-200
971
77701-900
975 305201-300
969
77901-78000
977 305301-900
975
78001-500
970 305901-306000 973
78501-700
972 306001-400
972
78701-900
974 306401-307000 974
78901-79000
976 307001-100
975
79001-100
973 307101-300
971
79101-300
975 307301-400
975
79301-700
977 307401-500
973
79701-900
975 307501-600
975
79901-80000
973 307601-700
971
80001-200
972 307701-900
975
80201-400
974 307901-308000 969
80401-600
970 308001-700
990
80601-700
972 308701-309000 992
80701-900
974 309001-100
971
80901-81000
976 309101-400
973
81001-300
961 309401-310000 975
81301-500
965 310001-400
970
81501-82000
961 310401-311000 974
82001-300
972 311001-700
975
82301-500
974 311701-312000
973
82501-600
970 312001-200
970
82601-700
972 312201-500
972
82701-800
974 312501-600
968
82801-900
968 312601-313000 974
82901-83000
976 313001-100
973
83001-400
977 313101-400
971
83401-500
971 313401-600
969
83501-700
975 313601-314000 975
83701-800
973 314001-600
974
83801-900
975 314601-900
972
83901-84000
969 314901-315000 970
84001-400
974 315001-100
971
84401-500
970 315101-400
973
84501-700
972 315401-316000 975
84701-800
968 316001-200
992
84801-85000
976 316201-300
972
85001-200
937 316301-500
992
85201-900
941 316501-317000 972
85901-86000
943 317001-600
975
86001-87000
928 317601-700
969
87001-88000
929 317701-318000
973
88001-500
926 318001-100
972
974
88501-89000
930 318101-900
89001-500
941 318901-319000 970
971
89501-90000
937 319001-100
90001-100
926 319101-320000 975
972
90101-950
999 320001-300
968
91001-92000
925 320301-400
92001-200
940 320401-321000 974
973
92201-93000
936 321001-200
93001-94000
927 321201-322000 975
* Hayden W. Wheeler model
AND G AD
Grade No.
322001-323000
323001-700
323701-324000
324001-325000
325001-100
325101-326000
326001-327000
327001-300
327301-500
327501-328000
328001-300
328301-500
328501-329000
329001-330000
330001-100
330101-500
330501-331000
331001-200
331201-400
331401-500
331501-700
331701-800
331801-332000
332001-200
332201-800
332801-333000
333001-500
333501-700
333701-900
333901-334000
334001-200
334201-800
334801-335000
335001-600
335601-800
335801-900
335901-336000
336001-200
336201-337000
337001-338000
338001-200
338201-900
338901-339000
339001-300
339301-500
339501-340000
340001-200
340201-300
340301-600
340601-341000
341001-200
341201-342000
342001-300
342301-343000
343001-344000
344001-200
344201-400
344401-345000
345001-346000
346001-300
346301-347000
347001-180
347181-200
347201-300
347301-400
347401-700
347701-900
347901-348000
348001-200
348201-800
348801-349000
349001-350000
350001-300
350301-400
350401-600
350601-351000
351001-352000
352001-100
352101-353000
353001-354000
354001-400
354401-355000
355001-800
355801-900
355901-356000
356001-500
356501-357000
357001-358000
358001-359000
359001-360000
360001-550
360801-361000
361001-100
361101-300
361301-400
361401-700
361701-20
361721-362000
362001-900
362901-363000
363001-364000
364001-365000
365001-100
365101-300
365301-366000
366001-367000
367001-500
367501-368000
368001-369000
369001-370000
370001-100
370101-400
370401-500
370501-800
370801-371400
371401-500
371501-373500
373501-700
373701-374000
374001-200
374201-700
374701-375000
375001-100
375101-500
375501-376000
376001-200
376201-500
376501-377000
377001-200
377201-378000
378001-379000
379001-380800
380801-381000
381001-382000
382001-100
382101-383000
383001-300
383301-700
383701-384000
384001-700
384701-900
384901-385000
385001-600
385601-800
385801-386000
386001-800
386801-900
386901-387000
387001-100
387101-900
387901-388000
388001-400
388401-389000
389001-391000
391001-300
391301-392000
392001-800
392801-393000
393001-400
393401-600
393601-394000
394001-200
394201-395000
395001-100
395101-900
395901-396000
396001-397000
397001-200
397201-398000
398001-200
398201-399000
399001-600
399601-400000
400001-401000
401001-402000
402001-404000
404001-405000
405001-406000
406001-407000
407001-408000
408001-416000
416001-417000
417001-418000
418001-419000
419001-420000
420001-421000
421001-422000
422001-423000
423001-425000
425001-426000
426001-500
426501-427000
427001-428000
428001-429000
429001-430000
430001-431000
431001-432000
432001-433000
433001-434000
434001-500
434501-600
434601-435000
435001-436000
436001-438500
438501-800
438801-900
438901-440000
440001-441000
441001-442000
442001-400
442401-500
442501-443000
443001-444000
444001-445000
445001-446000
446001-447000
447001-448000
448001-449000
449001-450000
450001-451000
451001-452000
452001-453000
453001-454000
454001-456000
456001-457000
457001-458000
458001-459000
459001-110
459111-118
459119-200
459201-700
459701-460000
460001-461900
461901-462000
462001-463000
463001-500
463501-464000
464001-466000
466001-467000
467001-468000
468001-469000
469001-470000
470001-471000
471001-472000
472001-473000
473001-474000
474001-475000
475001-476000
476001-477000
477001-478000
478001-479000
479001-480000
480001-481000
481001-482000
482001-483000
483001-484000
484001-485000
485001-486000
486001-487000
487001-488000
488001-489000
489001-492000
492001-493000
493001-494000
494001-495000
495001-496000
496001-497000
497001-498000
498001-499000
499001-501000
501001-900
501901-502000
502001-503000
503001-504000
504001-507000
507001-508000
508001-509900
509901-510000
510001-511500
511501-700
511701-517000
517001-519000
519001-521000
521001-523000
523001-524000
524001-531000
531001-532000
532001-10
532011-533000
533001-535500
535501-536000
536001-537000
537001-538000
538001-543000
543001-544000
544001-200
544201-545000
545001-546000
546001-547000
547001-548000
548001-549000
549001-551000
551001-553000
553001-555000
555001-556000
556001-558000
558001-560000
560001-561000
561001-562000
562001-564000
564001-565000
565001-568000
568001-569000
569001-571000
571001-576000
576001-200
576201-578000
578001-580000
580001-582000
582001-584000
584001-585000
585001-587000
587001-592000
592001-593000
593001-594000
594001-601000
B600001-601000
601001-601800
B601001-601800
601801-602000
B601801-602000
602001-603000
B602001-603000
603001-604000
B603001-604000
974
975
973
960
965
961
974
971
973
975
992
990
992
975
992
990
992
973
975
969
971
973
975
992
972
974
975
971
973
975
972
992
990
975
971
973
975
972
974
975
974
992
990
971
973
975
974
972
970
974
973
975
990
992
975
970
972
974
975
992
974
993
991
975
973
993
991
973
970
974
972
975
990
974
990
992
975
968
974
975
992
974
975
973
993
990
974
975
974
975
960
960
993
991
993
975
973
975
974
990
975
974
975
973
975
974
975
993
974
992
990
992
974
990
992
972
974
990
992
974
990
974
993
991
975
972
974
992
973
975
974
992
990
992
990
974
992
990
972
974
972
974
972
974
990
974
992
972
990
992
972
990
992
974
972
974
992
990
975
973
993
972
974
993
991
993
992
990
992
972
992
993
975
924
940
924
926
924
940
926
940
926
940
926
941
940
926
924
926
924
936
944
924
926
925
924
925
940
924
940
942
946
924
940
946
942
946
924
940
946
942
946
926
924
927
924
925
926
924
926
925
940
924
940
999
940
999
946
942
946
942
946
940
940
999
940
940
926
924
926
940
924
926
946
924
940
924
940
924
940
926
944
926
927
924
926
940
925
999
924
999
924
940
946
944
940
925
999
936
940
926
934
926
999
940
999
940
942
940
942
940
924
925
944
946
940
926
934
926
999
940
936
924
940
927
934
926
925
924
926
999
946
944
940
936
924
925
999
926
924
926
940
936
924
940
942
940
924
926
925
927
999
940
926
924
940
999Ball
926
999Ball
934
999Ball
926
999Ball
926
999Ball
Grade
604001-605000
B604001-605000
605001-606000
B605001-606000
606001-607000
B606001-607000
607001-608000
B607001-608000
608001-613000
B608001-613000
613001-614000
B613001-614000
614001-616500
B614001-616500
616501-617000
B616501-617000
617001-619000
B617001-619000
619001-620000
B619001-620000
620001-622700
B620001-622700
622701-623000
B622701-623000
623001-624000
B623001-624000
624001-625000
B624001-625000
625001-626000
B625001-626000
626001-627000
B626001-627000
627001-628000
B627001-628000
628001-630800
B628001-630800
631001-636000
B631001-636000
636001-637000
B636001-637000
637001-638000
B637001-638000
638001-639000
B638001-639000
639001-640000
B639001-640000
640001-642000
B640001-644400
644401-645000
645001-645500
B645001-645500
645501-646000
B645501-646000
646001-647000
B646001-647000
647001-648000
B647001-648000
648001-649000
B648001-649000
B649001-650000
B650001-651000
651001-652000
B651001-652000
652001-652700
B652001-652700
652701-652800
652801-652900
652901-653000
653001-655000
B653001-655000
655001-655200
B655001-655200
655201-656000
656001-657000
657001-659000
659001-660000
660001-661000
661001-662000
662001-664000
664001-666000
666001-667000
667001-668000
668001-669000
669001-670000
670001-100
670501-673000
673001-675000
675001-677000
677001-678000
678001-679200
679201-680000
680001-685000
685001-687000
687001-688000
688001-689000
689001-694000
694001-696000
696001-697000
697001-700000
700001-702000
702001-703800
703801-704000
704001-400
704401-705000
705001-700
705701-706000
706001-707000
707001-800
707801-708000
708001-709500
709501-710000
710001-800
710801-711000
711001-300
711301-712000
712001-600
712601-713000
713001-714900
714901-715000
715001-716000
716001-100
716101-717000
717001-200
717201-718000
718001-721500
721501-722000
722001-724000
724001-725000
725001-726000
726001-727000
727001-728000
728001-729000
729001-730000
730001-731000
731001-732000
732001-734000
734001-735000
735001-736000
736001-738000
738001-739000
739001-740000
740001-100
740101-200
740201-900
740901-741000
741001-742000
742001-743000
743001-300
743301-400
743401-744000
744001-500
744501-745000
745001-747000
747001-700
747701-748000
748001-749500
749501-750000
750001-100
750101-200
750201-700
750701-751000
751001-752000
752001-500
752501-753000
753001-500
753501-754000
754001-100
754101-500
754501-755000
755001-400
755401-500
755501-700
755701-900
755901-756000
756001-757000
757001-300
757301-500
757501-758000
758001-100
758101-759000
759001-760000
760001-400
760401-600
760601-800
760801-761000
761001-400
761401-600
761601-762000
762001-200
762201-300
762301-763000
763001-300
763301-600
763601-764000
764001-300
764301-400
764401-765000
765001-300
765301-767000
767001-600
767601-800
767801-768000
768001-769000
769001-700
769701-770000
770001-100
770101-771200
771201-400
771401-772000
772001-773000
773001-800
773801-774000
774001-775000
775001-500
775501-776000
776001-300
776301-700
776701-777000
777001-300
777301-778300
778301-800
778801-900
778901-779300
779301-780100
780101-300
780301-781300
781301-400
781401-500
781501-782000
782001-783000
783001-600
783601-784000
784001-785000
785001-500
785501-786000
786001-787000
787001-400
787401-788000
788001-791300
791301-792600
792601-900
792901-793700
793701-900
793901-794000
794001-200
794201-795000
795001-796400
796401-800
796801-797200
797201-500
797501-798000
798001-500
798501-800
798801-799000
799001-200
799201-600
799601-800000
800001-802000
802001-200
802201-2
802203-300
802301-500
802501-803700
803701-804200
804201-806000
806001-807000
807001-500
807501-808800
808801-809000
809001-500
809501-600
809601-810000
810001-300
810301-812000
812001-700
812701-813000
813001-814000
814001-800
814801-815900
815901-816000
816001-817000
817001-819000
819001-820000
820001-821500
821501-822000
822001-700
822701-823000
823001-824000
824001-826000
826001-500
826501-827000
827001-828000
828001-829000
829001-830000
830001-500
830501-831000
831001-100
831101-200
831201-500
831501-832000
832001-400
832401-833000
833001-834000
834001-600
834601-800
834801-835000
835001-600
835601-800
835801-836000
836001-500
836501-900
836901-837000
837001-838000
838001-839000
839001-400
839401-700
839701-840000
84001-400
840401-900
840901-841000
841001-842000
842001-843000
843001-844000
844001-200
844201-845000
845001-200
845201-400
845401-700
845701-846000
846001-500
846501-847000
847001-200
847201-849000
849001-850000
850001-300
926
999Ball
925
999Ball
925
999Ball
925
999Ball
924
999Ball
925
999Ball
924
999Ball
934
999Ball
926
999Ball
927
999Ball
940
999Ball
942
999Ball
941
999Ball
936
999Ball
925
999Ball
926
999Ball
924
999Ball
925
999Ball
940
999Ball
941
999Ball
936
999Ball
926
999Ball
925
999Ball
924
999Ball
940
927
999Ball
925
999Ball
926
999Ball
940
999Ball
940
998Ball
998Ball
999Ball
940
998Ball
924
998Ball
924
927
937
940
999Ball
924
999Ball
924
926
927
925
927
924
940
924
940
941
926
999
937
925
926
940
924
927
926
924
940
925
946
940
924
941
924
974
992
990
992
990
972
974
990
972
990
975
973
993
991
973
975
993
991
975
991
993
972
974
991
975L
974
992
974
972
974
992
974
992
975
992
975
992
975
974
975
974
975
974
972
974
975
992
974
975
993
975
974
992
975
974
972
992
974
961
961
950
952
960
952
950
952
950
960
952
960
992
974
972
974
972
974
975
993
975
972
992
975
992
972
974
992
975
993
975
992
972
974
993
973
975
992
972
974
992
974
992
972
974
975
992
972
974
992
972
974
975
992
972
975
952
950
973
993
975
972
974
992
972
974
992
972
992
972
974
992
975
992
974
992
952
950
992
974
972
992
974
972
992
990
992
972
974
992
972
974
954
974
990
972
974
954
992
954
974
954
972
954
972
974
954
974
975
993
975
993
974
972
974
990
974
992
974
974P
974L
992
974L
974P
974L
974P
974L
990L
992L
974L
974P
975P
975L
993
975P
974L
974P
990L
992L
954P
972P
954P
974P
974L
992L
990L
974P
974L
974P
992L
990L
974L
974P
954P
974P
975P
975L
974L
992L
990L
952L
950L
952L
975P
974L
974P
993
975
992
972
954
972
952
950
972
974
975
992
No.
Grade No.
850301-800
990
850801-851000 972
851001-400
993
851401-852000 975
852001-853000 992
853001-854000 974
854001-600
950
854601-900
952
854901-855100 960L
855101-856000 950L
856001-857840 975
857841-858000 975L
858001-500
974
858501-859000 972
859001-860000 974
860001-862300 992
862301-400
954
862401-500
972
862501-600
954
862601-800
972
862801-863000 974
863001-864000 992
864001-865000 975
865001-866000 992
866001-600
974
866601-700
954
866701-867000 972
867001-868000 975
868001-869000 992
869001-870000 975
870001-872000 992
872001-200
993
872201-874000 975
874001-800
974
874801-875000 975
875001-300
952
875301-876000 975
876001-600
993
876601-877000 975
877001-400
992
877401-700
975
877701-878000 993
878001-879400 975
880001-600
992
880601-882400 974
882401-883400 992
883401-884100 974
884101-885300 992
885301-886000 974
886001-887000 992
887001-300
974
887301-890300 992
890301-891000 974
891001-600
992
891601-892200 978
892201-896200 992
896201-897800 974
897801-898000 972
898001-899100 992
899101-500
978
899501-900000 974
900001-902000 940
902001-904000 926
904001-906000 924
906001-914000 940
914001-916000 926
916001-917000 927
917001-919000 925
919001-921000 940
921001-923000 924
923001-500
999
923501-924000 925
924001-926000 940
926001-100
927
927001-929000 926
929001-933000 924
933001-935000 925
935001-937000 926
937001-939000 940
939001-941000 924
941001-944000 940
944001-949000 926
949001-952000 925
952001-958000 924
958001-960000 926
960001-968000 940
968001-970000 926
970001-971700 924
971701-972000 948
972001-973000 924
973001-974000 936
974001-975400 924
975401-25 Spec. 926
975426-976000 924
976001-979000 940
979001-100
942
979101-981000 940
981001-982000 948
982001-984000 924
984001-986000 940
986001-987000 946
987001-988000 936
988001-992000 940
992001-996000 924
996001-999998 940
999999-1000000 947
1000001-1000300 972
1000301-1003000 992
1003001-1004000 974
1004001-900
992
1004901-1007100 974
1007101-1008300 992
1008301-1009500 974
1009501-1010700 992
1010701-1011200 972
1011201-1012700 974
1012701-1013000 992
1013001-1015000 978
1015001-300
974
1015301-1016000 992
1016001-300
975
1016301-600
973
1016601-1018000 993
1018001-1020000 992
1020001-1022600 950
1022601-1023000 952
1023001-700
992
1023701-1024500 974
1024501-600
974
1024601-1025000 972
1025001-1027000 975
1027001-400
993
1027401-1029600 975
1029601-1030000 973
1030001-1032000 992
1032001-1033000 974
1033001-200
972
1033201-800
954
1033801-1035300 974
1035301-600
972
1035601-1036000 974
1036001-300
972
1036301-800
954
1036801-1037000 992L
1037001-1038000 974
1038001-1039000 992
1039001-200
972
1039201-500
978
1039501-1040300 974
1040301-1041000 992
1041001-1042000 974
1042001-700
992
1042701-1043000 972
1043001-700
978
1043701-1044000 992
1044001-1045000 974
1045001-1046000 992
1046001-1047000 975
1047001-1048000 974L
1048001-1049000 992
1049001-500
990
1049501-1051000 992
1051001-200
975
1051201-1052000 993
1052001-500
972P
1052501-900
954
1052901-1053000 974
1053001-1054000 992
1054001-1056000 974
1056001-1057000 975
1057001-1061300 992
1061301-1062300 972
1062301-1066000 992
1066001-1068000 974
1068001-1069000 975
1069001-1070000 974
1070001-1071000 992L
1071001-1073000 975P
1073001-1075000 992
1075001-1076200 974L
1076201-700
972L
1076701-1077000 978L
1077001-1079000 974P
1079001-1080000 992L
1080001-100
952L
1080101-200
960L
1080201-400
994L
1080401-1081000 950L
1081001-1082000 978L
1082001-400
993L
1082401-1083000 973L
1083001-1084000 990L
1084001-1085000 992L
1085001-1086000 992L
1086001-1088000 974P
1088001-1091000 992L
1091001-200
978L
1091201-1092000 974L
1092001-1093000 992L
1093001-1095000 974P
1095001-1096000 992P
1096001-400
974L
1096401-1097000 974P
1097001-1098000 992L
1098001-400 975P
1098401-1099000 975L
1099001-600
993L
1099601-1100000 975P
1100001-1104000 992L
1104001-1105000 974P
1105001-1106000 992L
1106001-500
978L
1106501-1107000 972L
1107001-1109000 992L
1109001-1111000 972L
1111001-1112000 974L
1112001-1113000 974P
1113001-1116000 992L
1116001-900
974P
1116901-1117000 974L
1117001-1119000 992L
1119001-1120000 978L
1120001-1122000 992L
1122001-1123000 974P
1123001-500
972P
1123501-1125000 974P
1125001-1127000 992L
1127001-1128000 972L
1128001-1129000 974L
1129001-1130500 974P
1130501-1131000 956P
1131001-1132000 992L
1132001-1133000 990L
1133001-1134000 978L
1134001-1135000 972L
1135001-1137000 992L
1137001-1138000 956P
1138001-1139000 956P
1139001-1140000 978L
1140001-1141000 972L
1141001-1142000 956P
1142001-500
974P
1142501-1145000 974L
1145001-1146000 975P
1146001-500
956P
1146501-1149000 974P
1149001-1150000 974L
1150001-600
950L
1150601-1151800 952L
1151801-1152000 952P
1152001-900
950P
1152901-1153200 952P
1153201-300
1153301-500
994P
1153501-800
994L
1153801-1154000 960L
1154001-500
950L
1154501-1155000 950P
1155001-200
994P
1155201-500
994L
1156001-1158000 996L
1158001-1160000 974P
1160001-1162000 992L
1162001-500
993L
1162501-1164000 992L
1164001-1166000 974P
1166001-1167000 974L
1167001-1168000 956P
1168001-1169000 975P
1169001-1170000 974P
1170001-1174000 956P
1174001-1176000 974P
1176001-1177000 992L
1177001-1178000 956P
1178001-1179000 974P
1179001-1181000 996L
1181001-1182000 992L
1182001-1183000 996L
1183001-1184400 974P
1184401-1185400 956P
1185401-1186000 974P
1186001-1187000 992L
1187001-1188000 996L
1188001-1189000 992L
1189001-1190000 974P
1190001-1192000 996L
1192001-1193000 975P
1193001-1194000 974P
1194001-1195000 956P
1195001-1196000 974P
1196001-1199000 992L
1199001-1201000 974P
1201001-1202000 975P
1202001-1203000 992L
1203001-1204000 974P
1204001-500 956P
1204501-1206000 974P
1206001-1207000 992L
1207001-1210000 974P
1210001-1212000 992L
1212001-1213000 974P
1213001-500
996L
1213501-1214000 992L
1214001-1214600 993L
1214601-1215000 975P
1215001-1216000 974L
1216001-1219000 992L
1219001-1220000 974P
1220001-1221000 992L
1221001-1223500 974P
1223501-1224000 956P
1224001-1227000 992L
1227001-1228000 972L
1228001-700
992L
1228701-1229000 990L
1229001-500
956P
1229501-1230000 974P
1230001-1231000 974L
1231001-1232000 992L
1232001-1233000 974P
1233001-1236000 992L
1236001-500
974P
1236501-1237000 956P
1237001-500
996L
1237501-1238000 992L
1238001-1239000 956P
1239001-1241000 992L
1241001-1242000 975P
1242001-400
974L
1242401-1243000 972L
1243001-500
996L
1243501-1244000 992L
1244001-1245000 974P
1245001-1246000 992L
1246001-300
974P
Grade No.
1246301-800
956P
1246801-1247000 974L
1247001-1248000 992L
1248001-1249700 974P
1249701-1250000 956P
1250001-1252000 983
1252001-1253000 985
1253001-1257000 983
1257001-900
985
1260001-970 Chro.**
1260971-1265000
1265001-1266000 956P
1266001-1267000 974P
1267001-1268200 978L
1268201-1269000 978L
1269001-600 992L
1269601-1270000 992L
1270001-1271700 956P
1271701-1272000 974P
1272001-1274000 996L
1274001-500
993L
1274501-700
992L
1274701-1275000 992L
1275001-1276000 972L
1276001-1277000 974L
1277001-1278000 992L
1278001-1279000 975P
1279001-1280000 974P
1280001-1281000 992L
1281001-800
974P
1281801-1282000 956P
1282001-1284000 996L
1284001-1285000 992L
1285001-1286000 956P
1286001-1288000 978L
1288001-500
993L
1288501-1289100 992L
1289101-700
990L
1289701-1290000 992L
1290001-1291500 974P
1291501-1292000 992P
1292001-1297000 992L
1297001-1298000 974P
1298001-1299000 992L
1299001-1300000 975P
1300001-1301000 974P
1301001-1302000 974L
1302001-500
992L
1302501-1303000 990L
1303001-500
972L
1303501-1304000 972P
1304001-1305000 978L
1305001-1306000 956P
1306001-1307000 974P
1307001-1308500 992L
1308501-1309000 993L
1309001-1310000 974L
1310001-1311000 972L
1311001-1312000 992L
1312001-800
974P
1312801-1313000 956P
1313001-1317000 992L
1317001-1318000 956P
1318001-1321000 992L
1321001-300
990L
1321301-1322000 992L
1322001-700
974L
1322701-1323000 972L
1323001-1324000 992L
1324001-1325000 996L
1325001-1326500 975P
1326501-1327000 993L
1327001-300
956P
1327301-1329000 974P
1329001-1330000 992L
1330001-1331300 974L
1331301-800
972L
1331801-1332000 978L
1332001-1334000 992L
1334001-400
974P
1334401-1335000 956P
1335001-300
978L
1335301-1336000 972L
1336001-1337000 992L
1337001-1338200 996L
1338201-1339000 996L
1339001-1340000 956P
1340001-1341000 992L
1341001-300
972L
1341301-500
974L
1341501-1342000 978L
1342001-1343000 992L
1343001-400 956P
1343401-1344000 974P
1344001-1345000 992L
1345001-600 974L
1345601-1346000 972L
1346001-1348000 975P
1348001-1349000 974P
1349001-1350000 992L
1350001-600 972L
1350601-1351000 974L
1351001-1352000 993L
1352001-1352300 974L
1352301-800
978L
1352801-1353000 974L
1353001-500
972P
1353501-1354200 956P
1354201-700
992P
1354701-1355000 974P
1355001-1356000 992L
1356001-1357000 974P
1357001-1359800 992L
1359801-1361000 996L
1361001-1362000 992L
1362001-600 974P
1362601-1363000 956P
1363001-1364000 992L
1364001-1365000 975P
1365001-800 956P
1365801-1367000 974P
1367001-1369400 992L
1369401-1370000 996L
1370001-1371000 974L
1371001-600
996L
1371601-1373000 992L
1373001-1374000 975P
1374001-1375000 992L
1375001-1376000 950L
1376001-1377000 992L
1377001-1378300 974P
1378301-1379000 956P
1379001-1380200 972L
1380201-1381000 978L
1381001-500
956P
1381501-1383000 974P
1383001-1384000 992L
1384001-1386100 974P
1386101-1387000 956P
1387001-1388000 992L
1388001-400
978L
1388401-1389000 978L
1389001-300
956P
1389301-1390000 956P
1390001-1391000 992L
1391001-500
956P
1391501-1392000 974P
1392001-1393000 992L
1393001-1394000 974P
1394001-1396000 992L
1396001-500
972L
1396501-1398000 974L
1398001-400 974P
1398401-1399000 956P
1399001-1400000 992L
1400001-1401000 936
1401001-1403000 924
1403001-1409000 940
1409001-500
946
1409501-1410000 940
1410001-1414000 924
1414001-300
941
1414501-1415000 925
1415001-1417000 924
1417001-1419000 940
1419001-1420000 924
1420001-1421000 940
1421001-1422000 924
1422001-1424000 940
1424001-1428000 924
1428001-1430000 940
1430001-200
924
1430201-400
948
1430401-1431000 924
1431001-1433000 940
1433001-1438000 924
1438001-500
926
1438501-1439500 924
1439501-1440000 926
1440001-1441000 940
1441001-1442000 924
1442001-500
926
1442501-1444000 924
1444001-1445000 940
1445001-1447000 924
1447001-1448200 940
1449001-1450500 924
1500001-600 974P
1500601-1501200 956P
1501201-1502000 974P
1502001-1503000 993L
1503001-1504000 996L
1504001-500 974L
1504501-1505200 972L
1505201-700
978L
1505701-1506000 974L
1506001-1507000 975P
1507001-1508000 992L
1508001-400 974P
1508401-1509000 956P
1509001-1510000 992L
1510001-1511000 974L
1511001-1512000 975P
1512001-1513200 992L
1513201-600
992P
1513601-1514000 992L
1514001-200
956P
1514201-1515000 974P
1515001-1516000 992L
1516001-1517000 974P
1517001-1520000 992L
1520001-1521200 974L
1521201-1522000 978L
1522001-600
974P
1522601-1525000 956P
1525001-1527000 996L
1527001-1528000 992L
1528001-1531000 974P
1531001-1533000 992L
1533001-600
974P
1533601-1534000 956P
1534001-100
975P
1535101-200
975P
1535201-600
975P
1535601-1536000 993L
1536001-1537000 972L
1537001-1538000 992L
1538001-800
956P
1538801-1539000 974P
1539001-1540000 992L
1540001-500 992P
1540501-1541000 992L
1541001-1542200 974P
1542201-800
956P
1542801-1543000 974P
1543001-1544000 996L
1544001-1545000 992L
1545001-400
978L
1545401-1546000 974L
1546001-1548000 992L
1548001-600 974L
1548601-1549000 972L
1549001-1550000 974P
1550001-500
972P
1550501-1552000 974P
1552001-1555000 992L
1555001-1557000 993P
1557001-800
972L
1557801-1558000 974L
1558001-500
956
1558501-1559700 956P
1559701-1560000 974P
1560001-1561000 975P
1561001-1563000 992L
1563001-1565000 978L
1565001-1567000 992L
1567001-1568000 974L
1568001-1569000 992L
1569001-1571000 972L
1571001-1572000 974P
1572001-1573000 975P
1573001-1575000 974P
1575001-400
950L
1575401-1576000 950P
1576001-1577000 950L
1577001-1578000 975P
1578001-1580000 992L
1580001-1581200 974L
1581201-1582000 956P
1582001-1583000 974P
1583001-1584000 992L
1584001-1585000 978L
1585001-1586000 972L
1586001-1587000 992L
1587001-500 992P
1587501-1589000 992L
1589001-500 956P
1589501-1590000 974P
1590001-1591000 974L
1591001-1592000 992L
1592001-1593000 974P
1593001-1595000 992L
1595001-200 974P
1595201-900 956P
1595901-1596000 974P
1596001-1611000 992L
1611001-1612100 974P
1612101-1613000 956P
1613001-600
996L
1614001-900
956P
1614901-1615000 974P
1615001-1625000 992L
1625001-200
950L
1625201-1626000 952L
1626001-1627000 974P
1627001-1633000 992L
1633001-1635000 950L
1635001-1636000 992L
1636001-1637000 956P
1637001-1638000 974P
1638001-1642800 992L
1642801-1643000 992P
1643001-1644000 992L
1644001-1646000 974L
1646001-1648000 972L
1648001-1649000 992L
1649001-1652000 974P
1652001-1653000 950L
1653001-1654000 956P
1654001-1657000 974P
1657001-1660000 992L
1660001-1661000 978L
1661001-1663000 974P
1663001-1664000 974L
1664001-1665000 950L
1665001-1666000 974P
1666001-1667000 956P
1667001-1669000 974P
1669001-1670000 978L
1670001-1671000 974P
1671001-300
992L
1671301-900
992P
1671901-1672000 992L
1672001-1676000 974P
1676001-1678000 992L
1678001-1679000 974P
1679001-1681000 974L
1681001-1682000 974P
1682001-1683000 956P
1683001-1685000 974P
1685001-1686000 992L
1686001-1688000 974P
1688001-500 978L
1689001-600
975P
1690001-1691000 956
1691001-1693000
1693001-1696000
1696001-1699000
1699001-1703000
1703001-1704000
1704001-1705000
1705001-1706000
1706001-1707100
1708001-1714000
1714001-1715000
1715001-1717000
1717001-800
1718001-1750000
1750001-1761000
1761001-1765000
1765001-1767000
1767001-1768000
1768001-1769000
1769001-1770000
1770001-1778200
1778201-1779000
1779001-1780000
1780001-1782000
1782001-500
1782501-1783000
1783001-1808000
1808001-1810000
1810001-1811000
1811001-1813000
1813001-1818000
1818001-1819000
1819001-1821000
1821001-1822000
1822001-1827000
1827001-600
1827601-1829100
1829101-500
1829501-1830000
1830001-1831000
1831001-1832000
1832001-700
1832701-1833300
1833301-1834500
1834501-1835400
1835401-1836900
1836901-1837400
1837401-1839000
1839001-500
1839501-1844700
1844701-1845700
1845701-1848300
1848301-1849500
1849501-1851900
1851901-1853100
1853101-1856800
1856801-1857900
1857901-1860300
1860301-1861000
1861001-1863000
1863001-700
1863701-1864300
1864301-1865000
1865001-500
1865501-1870300
1870301-1871500
1871501-1875100
1875101-600
1875601-1876500
1876501-1877500
1877501-1878700
1878701-1880000
1880001-300
1880301-1881500
1881501-700
1881701-900
1881901-1882900
1882901-1885000
1885001-1887400
1887401-1888600
1888601-1891000
1891001-1892200
1892201-1894600
1894601-1895800
1895801-1899000
1899001-300
1899301-1900000
1900001-400
1900401-1902100
1902101-1907000
1907001-1909000
1909001-1910000
1910001-500
1910501-1911000
1911001-1913000
1913001-1914000
1914001-1920000
1920001-1922000
1922001-1924000
1924001-1925000
1925001-1936000
1936001-1937000
1937001-900
1940001-1941000
1941001-1949000
1949001-1950000
1950001-1962000
1962001-1963000
1963001-1975000
1975001-1976000
1976001-1980000
1980001-1981000
1981001-1988500
1989001-400
2000001-2001700
2001701-2002400
2002401-800
2002801-2003100
2004001-2035000
2035001-2037200
2040001-2064900
2100001-2191300
2200001-2248000
2248001-2300000
2300001-2311000
2311001-2312000
2312001-2321700
2321701-2323000
2323001-2326000
2326001-2327000
2327001-2333000
2333001-2336000
2336001-2338000
2338001-2339000
2339001-2340000
2340001-2341000
2341001-2346000
2346001-2347000
2347001-2356000
2356001-2358000
22358001-2364000
2364001-2365000
2365001-2374000
2374001-2375000
2375001-2378000
2378001-2380000
2380001-2383000
2383001-2384000
2384001-2385000
2385001-2386000
2386001-2390000
2390001-2391000
2391001-2393000
2393001-2395000
2395001-2397000
2397001-2398000
2398001-2401000
2401001-2402000
2402001-2407000
2407001-2409000
2409001-2413000
2413001-2414000
2414001-2415000
2415001-2418000
2418001-2420000
2420001-2422000
2422001-2423000
2423001-2432000
2432001-2433000
2433001-2434000
2434001-2435000
2435001-2437000
2437001-2438000
2438001-2442000
2442001-2445000
2445001-2451000
2451001-2453000
2453001-2455000
2455001-2456000
2456001-2457000
2457001-2458000
2458001-2459000
2459001-2461000
2461001-2462000
2462001-2464000
2464001-2466000
2466001-2468000
2468001-2469000
2469001-2472000
2472001-2473000
2473001-2474000
2474001-2475000
2475001-2476000
2476001-2477000
2477001-2490000
2490001-2492000
2492001-2504000
2504001-2505000
2505001-300
2506001-2526000
2526001-2528000
2528001-2533000
2533001-2534000
2534001-2535000
2535001-2536000
2536001-2537000
2537001-2538000
2538001-2539000
2539001-2542000
2542001-2543000
2543001-2545000
2545001-2547000
2547001-2548400
2548401-2548600
2548601-2548700
2548701-2550000
2550001-2551000
2551001-2552000
2552001-2555000
2555001-2555600
2555701-2557000
2558001-2560000
2560001-2561000
‘2561001-2563000
2563001-2564000
2564001-2566000
2566001-2566800
2567001-2581000
2581001-2583900
2583901-2584300
2584301-2596000
2596001-2597000
2597001-2608000
2608001-2608800
2609001-2611000
2611001-2611400
2611401-2613000
2613001-2618000
2618001-2619000
2619001-2631000
2631001-2631600
2631801-2632000
2632001-2639000
2639001-2641000
2641001-2649000
2649001-2650600
2651001-2655300
2900001-2911500
2911601-2931900
3000001-3002300
3002301-3002500
3002501-3003800
3003801-3004000
3004001-3006100
3006101-3006300
3006301-3008000
3008001-3008600
3008601-3010000
3010001-3010500
3010501-3010700
3010701-3011900
3011901-3012500
3012501-3013100
3013101-3013700
3013701-3015700
3050001-3054800
3054801-3056000
3056001-3060800
3061001-3065100
3100001-3133800
3135001-3152700
3200001-3460900
4000001-4447201
4447301-4523000
Grade
992L
956P
992L
974P
992L
956P
974P
992L
992L
974P
992L
956
992L
900
914
920
914
900
920
914
910
920
910
920
900
910
914
910
900
910
914
910
914
910
914
910
914
910
900
920
910
914
910
914
910
914
910
914
910
914
910
914
910
914
910
914
910
914
900
920
900
920
914
910
914
910
914
910
914
910
914
920
900
920
900
920
900
910
914
910
914
910
914
910
900
920
910
914
910
914
910
920
900
920
900
910
920
910
900
910
920
900
914
910
914
910
914
910
914
910
914
910
914
988
986
988
986
986
981
986
986A
987
987F
992L
974L
992L
974L
992L
974P
992L
974P
992L
974P
974L
974P
992L
974P
992L
974P
992L
974P
992L
974P
992L
974L
992L
950L
992L
974P
992L
974P
992L
974P
992L
974L
992L
974P
992L
974P
992L
974P
974L
992L
974P
992L
974P
992L
974P
992L
974P
992L
974P
992L
974P
992L
974P
992L
974P
992L
950L
974L
992L
974L
992L
974P
992L
974P
992L
974P
992L
974P
992L
974P
992L
974L
992L
950L
950L
992L
974P
992L
974P
992L
974P
974L
974P
974L
974P
992L
974P
992L
974P
974L
974P
974L
992L
974L
992L
974L
974L
992L
974L
992L
974L
992L
974L
992L
992E
992L
992E
974L
992E
974L
992E
950L
950E
992E
950E
992E
950E
950E
992E
950E
992E
950E
992E
979
979F
922
922M.P.
922
922M.P.
922
922M.P.
922
922M.P.
922
922
922M.P.
922
922M.P.
922
922M.P.
922
902
922
902
904
916
918
912
987F
987E
A-001 to A-8900
980B
1B-001 to 1B-25300
999B
2B-001 to 2B-700
999B
2B-701 to 2B-800
950B
C-001 to C-396300
992B
E-001 to E-114000
989
E-114001 to E-140400 989E
F-101 to F-57600
995
F-57601 to F-59850
995A
F-59851 to F-62000
995
F-62001 to F-63000
995A
F-63001 to F-63800
995
F- 63801 to F-286200 995A
G-001 to G-13600
980
G-13601 to G-14600 980 & 980A
G-14601 to G-44500
980
G-44501 to G-45000 980A
G-45001 to G-47400
980
G-47401 to G-48400 980A
G-48401 to G-58200
980
G-58201 to G-58700 980A
G-58701 to G-61600
980
G-61601 to G-62500
980A
G-62501 to G-67500
980
G-67501 to G-68600 980A
G-68601-to G-651700 980
H-001 to H-1000
921
H-1001 to H-1800 400 & 921
H-1801 to H-2000
921
H-2001 to H-2800 400 & 921
H-2801 to H3500
400
H-3501 to H-51700
921
H-50001 to H-57500
401
J-001 to J-6 70600
982
L-001 to L-165000
997
M-001 to M-201900
982M
N-001 to N-532200
721
0-1 to 0-486300
987A
R-001 to R-3600
923
S-001 to S-18700
950B
SS-001 to SS-87400
987S
T-001 to T-783000
911
V-001 to V-127200
911M
X-001 to X-197600
917
Y-001 to Y-396200
747
CY-001 to CY-176700
748
O-01A to 622700-A
750
O-01C to 126000-C
751
001E to 47400E
752
001F to 63700F
753
001H to 26800H
754
**Hamilton 36 size chronometer watch
Th s spec a co ec on o movemen pho os was ece ved by he Ame can Wa chmake s C ockmake s ns u e as a g
om R cha d
S augh o he Ham on Wa ch Co and o g na p n s a e oca ed n he Hen y B F ed L b a y The se ec ed pho os ep esen movemen s
p oduced n he USA P c u ed a e many a e movemen s o s ze nc ud ng fi s se a numbe s samp es and mode movemen s o
ca be s neve p oduced n add on o egu a p oduc on p eces Now ava ab e a www.awci.com/online-store
Technical Discussion: Overhauling the Urgos #32 Movement
OVERHAULING THE
URGOS #32 MOVEMENT
T
he Urgos #32 movement, used mostly in grandmother clocks, has been a reliable movement
for years. There are two movement styles.
Old-style movements are identified by the flat
chime lever tension spring, Figure 1, and the pin that
holds the chime levers together, Figure 2. New-style
movements are identified by the coiled spring that
is formed around the chime lever and the lifter lever,
Figure 3, and the screw that holds the chime levers
together, Figure 4.
After servicing and rebuilding these movements
for several years, I have found three faults with them
after they have been out in the field for some time.
They will over-strike the hour, wear to the point that
the chiming levers won’t lift high enough to unlock
the sequencer, and the rear center shaft pivot hole
will wear excessively.
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Horological Times
By Paul Corn
25
Industry
NEWS
DARPA Calls for More
Accurate Independent Timekeepers
In
our modern world, much of how we communicate and navigate is dependent upon
perfectly accurate timekeeping, accurate
to the atomic level. So far, much of this is done by
synchronization and calibration with a reference signal received by GPS, radio frequency, or cell towers.
Even in the clock and watch industry, more and more
timepieces are produced each year that receive synchronization with a master clock, especially with the
growth and popularity of smartwatches.
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), a division of the United States Department of Defense, is looking for more accurate and
stable independent timekeeping devices. There has
already been a lot of research and development
of Chip-Scale Atomic Clocks (CSAC) since their
first introduction in 2004. The current standard of
timekeeping in a CSAC is +/- .00000000001 second in a stable, controlled environment. Over the
last 10 years, however, there have been constant
A Chip-Scale Atomic Clock about the size of a grain of rice.
30
February 2016
The
Making Time
Martenero
A young New York
City-based watch brand
offers customers highly
customizable watches
By Donna Hardy
J
John Tarantino, founder and CEO of Martenero, was part of the American Showcase at AWCI's 2015 convention.
ohn Tarantino is the founder and CEO of Martenero, an American watch company based in
New York City. Martenero’s watches are noteworthy in part because they are highly customizable
with various straps, dials, and hands that customers
can choose from to craft a unique watch. It’s easy
for customers to customize their own watch on the
Martenero website (www.martenero.com), and then
the watch is assembled and sent to the customer.
The watches are sporty looking, but a dressier
model is also available. The watches cost between
$485 and $595. Martenero offers five different models—Founder, Marquis, Ace, Limited Edition Ace, and
Ascent—and all are customizable. Inside the new
collection (the Ascent and the Marquis) is the Miyoto
9015 movement. The original collection (the Ace and
the Founder) uses the Miyota 821A movement. Tarantino is not focused on large-scale manufacturing
yet, but he hopes that will develop in the next 5 to
10 years.
34
Tarantino was part of the “American Showcase”
at AWCI’s convention in Kansas City last year. He
was showcasing his watches (Martenero had just
released two new models—the Ace and the Marquis),
but he mainly came to the convention to connect
with industry. One of the benefits of attending
AWCI’s convention was to meet watchmaking students whom he might hire in the future. I had the
opportunity to talk to John Tarantino and ask him
about his business.
Aside from the fact that you collect
watches, why did you decide to start
making them?
I got into watches seven or eight years ago, and was
always focused on mechanical pieces rather than
quartz. I first got interested in watches because of
aesthetics. I just thought they looked nice. From there,
I became much more interested in them as I learned
February 2016
AWCI Class Request Form
There are a lot of great classes on the calendar for the coming year, but we are looking to expand this list.
This survey will help AWCI decide what future courses to develop and where to hold bench courses.
Completing this survey does not mean you are signing up for the class; nor does it mean this class can be taught in your area. We
require a minimum of eight students to hold a bench course. If there are other classes you wish to see offered, please let us know what
they are so we can begin the development process and make them available to you.
You can respond with your survey response via mail, phone, fax, or email, or you can complete the survey online.
701 Enterprise Drive • Harrison, OH 45030 513-367-9800  513-367-1414  [email protected]  www.awci.com/survey
Affiliate chapters: If you would like one of these classes, please call AWCI to schedule the class.
Pricing
One-Day course - $300
Two-Day course - $595
Three-Day course - $750 Five-Day course $1,095
Course Topics (You may check as many as you would like)
400-Day Clocks
Electric Clocks
Repivoting for Clocks
Accutron Service
Estimating Repairs and Business
Practices
Repivoting for Watches
Advanced Lathe
Filing & Flat Polishing
American Time and Strike
Hairspring Manipulation
Atmos Clock Service
Hairspring Vibrating
Basic Lathe
Hairsprings for Clockmakers
Clock Bushing Installation
Watch Case & Bracelet Refinishing
Chronograph Adjustments
Clock Barrel & Wheel Repairs
Clock Case Repair
Making a Hairspring Removal Tool
Making Balance Staffs
Pivot Polishing for Clocks
Clock Restoration Practices
Pivot Polishing for Watches
Clockmaking Theory
Platform Escapements
Crystal Replacement
Quality Control Your Repairs
Cuckoo Clock Service
Quartz Analysis and Testing
Cutting Arbors & Stems
Digital Photography Techniques
Running a Watch or Clock Shop
Servicing and Staffing the ETA
6497/98
Servicing the Automatic Watch
Barrel
Servicing the Pocket Watch
Lowering Your Delta
Movement Decoration & Finishing
Clock Escapements
Dynamic Poising
House Calls
Ronda 8040.B Quartz Chronograph
Quartz Watch Repair
Removing Scratches from a
High-Grade Dial
Social Media Marketing
Swiss Lever Escapement
Technical Writing
Tool Making
Tubular Bell Clocks
Watch Crystals Explained
Water Resistance Testing
Watchmaking Theory
Wheel Cutting
Other:
Other:
Name
AWCI Member Number
Address
Business Phone
City
Home Phone
State/Province ZIP/Postal Code
Email
Are you willing to travel to AWCI HQ in Harrison, OH to attend these courses?
Closest Metropolitan Area
Farthest distance you would be willing to travel for one of these courses
Are you interested in one-, two-, three-, or five-day classes?
Horological Times
37
Are You AWCI Certified?
Is your training up to date?
Customers who receive
high-quality, professional watch repair services
are more likely to make
watch and jewelry purchases in your store
time and time again.
CW21 and CMW21 watchmakers have proven their skills to a professional
Board of Examiners. They have a track record for producing high-quality
repairs with very few warranty issues.
A Certified Watchmaker
• Elevates your store above the competition.
• Gives your customers confidence in your service.
• Enhances the brands you carry and promotes both your reputation and integrity.
Invest in your business with membership in AWCI, through continuing
education classes, and by becoming certified. These are the building
blocks to the success of your watch repair business.
American Watchmakers-Clockmakers Institute would like to offer
you the opportunity to obtain the training for your employees that can
elevate their capabilities to the highest standards in the industry. We
offer training from the finest instructors in the industry on topics from
basic to advanced.
AWCI Training Includes
• Introduction to Watch Repair
• 21st Century Watchmaking Standards
• Modern Mechanical Chronograph: 7750
• The Art of Watch Adjusting: Escapement, Timing & Oscillator Work
• Balance Staffing & Timing
• Modern Automatic Watches
• Quartz Watch Repair & Testing
• Polishing & Refinishing
• Essential Micromechanics: The Watchmaker's Lathe
• Precision Timing & Adjusting (advanced class)
• Vintage Wristwatches
• Advanced 21: Caliber Specific Training
• And More
Call or email our Education & Certification Coordinator for more information:
[email protected] [email protected] | Phone: 1-866-367-2924, ext. 303
Column: From the Workshop
BASELWORLD AGAIN
B
aselworld opens once again this year on March
17, which means the Americans visiting there
will be celebrating St. Patrick’s Day drinking
Swiss beer instead of Guinness and eating bratwurst
rather than corned beef. Tough duty but someone
has to do it. As has become customary, I will be
there for opening day to see what is new for 2016 in
the world of watches with a focus on our specialty—
watchmaking.
In addition to dusting off the passport, airline
tickets need to be purchased (well in advance), hotel
reservations must be made (again, well in advance),
and a rental car needs to be reserved. The rental
car arrangements are far more favorable if made in
advance from the US rather than walking up to the
counter at the Swiss airport without a reservation.
An excellent transportation option for someone
who does not want to drive while visiting Switzerland
is to buy a Swiss Travel Pass here in the US before
departing for Switzerland. Public transportation
in Switzerland is unrivaled anywhere in the world.
The unbeatable combination of trams, busses, and
railroad trains will bring a traveler to just about anywhere in Switzerland, and do it very efficiently. The
rental car option makes sense for me as I travel with
a companion to share the expense, and we keep a
very tight schedule to accomplish as much as possible during our stay.
While in Switzerland, I will visit vendors who do
not exhibit at Basel but will welcome guests at their
office. All of those extra visits need to be arranged in
advance. Impromptu visits to a supplier’s office are
not really encouraged at any time and less so during
the Basel Fair week, when they welcome many clients
from all over the world to their offices. If possible, this
year I will stay a few extra days to study at a factory
repair facility that specializes in mechanical watch
repair. I am looking forward to the trip and will be
reporting back to you upon my return.
“IF THERE BE NONE, NEVER MIND IT”
Early in my watchmaking career, I tried to meet as
many practicing watchmakers in the Boston area
as possible to learn more about my newly chosen
profession. I clearly remember Mr. Jenkins who had
a very tiny shop on the second floor of his home
with a small sign on the front of his house. His sign
was small and simple in that it stated his name and
that he repaired watches. I guess crime was not such
a concern at that time, even in a city very close to
Boston.
42
By Jack Kurdzionak, CW21, FAWCI
During a visit, I told him I was interested in repairing old American pocket watches, and I still
remember his advice to this day. He said to stay
away from E. Howard watches because spare parts
were hard to find, and I should focus upon repairing Waltham and Hamilton watches. What I came
to learn was that Howard watch parts were mostly
available but just not as plentiful as the other brands.
In those days, the early 1970s, spare parts did not
seem to present any problems. All I had to do was
visit the three buildings in the jewelry district, and
one of Boston’s 10 material houses would invariably
have any part I could possibly need. If they did not
stock the part, they could order it and have it within
a few days. If I needed a hairspring vibrated, a dial
refinished, or a hunting case lift spring made, it was
no problem. Every material house had sources that
could provide those services. I began my watchmaking career without being overly concerned about
sourcing spare parts. As time passed, the number of
Boston material houses slowly dwindled from 10 to
one. In Boston and throughout the country, material
houses gradually disappeared, as did the dial refinishers, while companies furnishing case repair and
hairspring vibrating entirely disappeared. Further
compounding the problem, while the traditional
suppliers of spare parts went out of business, many
watch companies gradually began limiting the sale
of spare parts to selected accounts and retailers of
their respective brands. This new year does not hold
any promise for easier access to spare parts. It only
promises to present greater challenges for watchmakers to overcome. In addition to concentrating on
solving repair problems, the watchmaker needs to
be certain that any needed spare parts will be available for each repair.
In the past, most of the time I could make a quick
inspection of a watch needing repair with the knowledge that any needed spare parts would be readily
available. For almost every repair, including those
E. Howard watches, I could obtain exactly what I
needed in Boston. The only concern for watchmakers
at that time was a small price increase. I remember
Irving Cohen, of A. Cohen Co. in Boston, who would
caution me whenever there was a price increase by
saying something like, “Jack, those Waltham pocket
watch mainsprings have gone up in price from $0.75
to $1.00 each. Are you sure you still want six of
them?” My answer then, as it would be today, was:
“Yes, unless I can make the watch run without a
good mainspring.” We still need parts to repair the
February 2016
Column: Q & A with David Christianson
named after its inventor, Jean Antoine Lepine (17201814), a prominent French watchmaker.
The late Adolph Chapiro of Gif-sur-Yvette,
France, classified the various generations of Lepinestyle movements into six calibers, starting with the
Original Calibre used by Lepine himself between
1765 and 1795 and by other makers until 1815.
Your movement would be classified as a Calibre
V, a movement used from about 1850 until the
introduction of stem winding in ordinary watches
around 1872.
The ebauches, or rough movements, from
which yours came, were supplied to various watch
finishers or watchmakers by specialized ebauche
factories in France and in Switzerland, the largest
of which was the Japy factory near Besançon.
Japy adopted the Lepine calibers for his and the
world’s first machine production of watches.
The dust cover suggests that your watch was
made by TH French in London. There were several
makers named Thomas or T. French in England
and Wales during the 18th and 19th centuries, but
none are listed as having been in London. Given
the Swiss penchant at the time for using wellknown and/or familiar names and locations on
their watches, I would say that your watch was
made by an unknown finisher in Switzerland in the
mid-19th century using a familiar maker’s name on
the inside cover to make the buyer think that he
was getting a quality watch made by a well-known
Swiss watchmaker.
David Christianson
David Christianson is a graduate of Purdue University, the Kansas City
School of Watchmaking, the Gemological Institute of America, and is an internationally known horological historian.
Watchmakers & Clockmakers
Have you worked on an unusual or historic timepiece that fascinated
you and you wanted to know more about it?
Where was it made?
How old is it?
Have customers asked you questions about the history of their timepiece that
you were unable to answer?
David Christianson,
CMW21, FBHI, FAWI
can answer your questions.
Send your question along with clear, high-resolution
photos to Member Services
[email protected]
or mail them to
Member Coordinator
Harrison OH 45030
46
February 2016
Affiliate Chapter
NEWS
Minnesota Clockmakers Guild
(MCG)
“Techniques for Setting and Adjusting the Strike
Train of an American Clock Movement” was presented by Ron Widenhoefer on Thursday, January 7,
2016, at 7:00 p.m. in the Hopkins Pavilion in Hopkins,
Minnesota. Members were encouraged to bring their
movements to review, adjust, and share.
MCG thanks Chuck Sandager and Jeff Pomeroy
for the interesting and educational December program about cylinder escapements used in watches
and clocks. The door prize, Clock Repair Basics, by
Steven Conover, was donated by Coleen Meyers and
won by Dean Ziegenbein.
For Show and Tell, Jeff Pomeroy shared a number
of old books with articles and diagrams about cylinder escapements. Garth Antila shared two Lifetime
books, which are annually published by Omega to
relate company activities. Dean Ziegenbein shared
48
a Hamilton 17 jewel lever set railroad pocket watch
with a see-through back.
Future MCG Meetings/Topics: February 4, 2016–“Making a Magic Center Finder”
by Garth Antila
TBD 2016–“Cuckoo Clocks” by Ken Danner
May 14, 2016–Joint MCG-MWCA Symposium
MCG OFFICERS
President Richard Zielike
Phone
Email
952-938-0681
[email protected]
Secretary Dean Ziegenbein
Phone
952-454-1247
Email
[email protected]
Treasurer Garth Antila
Phone
715-386-3575
Email
[email protected]
Chuck Sandager and Jeff Pomeroy presented the cylinder escapements program
for watches and clocks.
Dean Ziegenbein shared a Hamilton 17 jewel lever set railroad pocket watch with a
see-through back.
An H&H shelf clock movement with an example of a cylinder escapement shown.
Pocket watch with escape wheel and bridge removed in order to view the details
of the escape wheel teeth.
February 2016
AWCI News: Affiliate Chapter News
Capital Area Watchmaker and
Clockmaker Guild (CAWCG)
Central Texas Affiliate Chapter - American Watchmakers-Clockmakers Institute (AWCI),
www.cawcg.org
The January 26, 2016, CAWCG meeting was presented by Rob Putney, and the subject was “Wooden Watches.” The meeting was from 6:00–8:00 p.m.
at Pok-e-Jos in Austin, Texas.
December Meeting Christmas Party
The Christmas party was another great success with
approximately 50 members attending. Everyone
had a good time. Congratulations to David Douglas
in winning the 2015 Mulholland Award. David is appreciated for his longstanding work with AWCI and
CAWCG. Thanks to Don Bugh for his work on the
Christmas party. Don always does a fantastic job of
running things at the party.
February 23—CAWCG Meeting, 6:00–8:00 p.m. at
Pok-e-Jos, Austin, Texas
March 4-5—Mesquite Regional in Mesquite, Texas
Program Speakers for 2016
February: March: April: May: June: July: August: September:
October: November:
December:
Glen Morehead
Jay Holloway
Michael Webb
Don Bugh
Pat Holloway
Open
Auction
David Douglas
Open
Terry Palmer
Christmas Party
CAWCG OFFICERS
Annealing Metal Class
President
Glen Morehead
A class will be held on March 12, 2016, at the Windermere Clubhouse in Pflugerville, Texas. Glen Morehead
will lead the class, which will cover the fundamentals
for softening metals and hardening them back again.
Hands-on training will be provided for attendees.
Cost for the class will be $25 for members.
Email [email protected]
Save these 2016 Dates
Vice President Rob Putney
Email
[email protected]
Treasurer
Hugh Lindsay
Email
[email protected]
Secretary
Jay Holloway
Email
[email protected]
February 20—NAWCC Chapter 15, 10:00 a.m.–12:00
p.m. at Pok-e-Jos, Austin, Texas
Do you enjoy spending time with other
watchmakers and clockmakers?
Join Your Local
Affiliate Chapter
for more information log on to
awci.com/about-us/affiliate-chapters
Florida
Florida Watch &
Clockmakers
Association, Inc.
Michael Taylor, CW21,
President
Indiana
765-742-8716
[email protected] [email protected]
Massachusetts
Matt Hritz, CW21
Vice President
Sarasota, FL
941-993-0514
[email protected]
Richard LeBeau, CMW21
Treasurer
Saint Petersburg, FL
727-347-3758
[email protected]
Fabio Rodrigues, CW21
Education Chairmen
786-344-2840
[email protected]
Minnesota
New York
Ohio
Apple Valley, MN
952-454-1247
[email protected]
[email protected]
www.hs-ny.org
Cincinnati, OH
[email protected]
513-746-7175 (C)
513-741-1337 (H)
Indianapolis Horo- Minnesota Clocklogical Association makers Guild
Joseph M. Schrader, CMW21 Richard Zielike, President
Dean Ziegenbein, Secretary
Lafayette, IN
Massachusetts
WatchmakersClockmakers
Association, Inc.
Christopher Carey
Newton, MA
617-244-3779
[email protected]
Minnesota
Missouri
Metro St. Louis
Watchmakers/
Clockmakers
Association
Judit Katona, Secretary
Horological Society Watchmakers/
of New York
Clockmakers
Association of Ohio
Ed Hydeman, President
New York, NY
Brad Wellmann, President
New York State
Watchmakers
Association
Dale LaDue, CMW21,
President
Rochester, NY
585-473-2410
[email protected] North Carolina
North Carolina
Watchmakers
Association
Mack R. Shuping, CW21,
President
Midwest Watchmak- New Jersey
Watchmakers
ers- Clockmakers
Association of
Association
New Jersey
Nick Pechman, CW21
Richard Cuny, President Winston Salem, NC
Minneapolis, MN
612-801-2578
[email protected]
www.mwca.us
Tom’s River, NJ
732-818-9460
www.wanj.us
336-287-8402
336-722-2476 (fax)
[email protected]
Mark A. Baker, CMW, CC21
Treasurer
15852 ½ St. Rt. 62
P.O. Box 292
Damaseus, OH 44619
330-539-3939 (W)
[email protected]
Pennsylvania
Watchmakers Association of Pennsylvania
George H. Jones
State College, PA
814-238-1668 (B & H)
[email protected]
Texas
Capital Area Watch
& Clockmakers
Guild
Glen Morehead, President
Jay Holloway, Secretary
Pflugerville, TX
512-294-7371
[email protected]
www.cawcg.org
Virginia
LWT Alumni
Association
Aaron Recksiek, CW21, President
801-580-7673 (C)
[email protected]
www.lwtalumni.org
International Rep
Horological Association of Virginia
Stan Palen
King George, VA
540-775-7027
[email protected]
http://havhome.org
Wisconsin
Wisconsin
Horological Society
Jeff Bergey, CMW, President
Oregon, WI
608-835-7153 (H)
608-835-3698 (C)
[email protected]
The Chronometer Club
Christopher Kelly, CW21, Secretary
Fremont, CA
650-544-8649 (C)
[email protected]
www.thechronometerclub.org
awci
directory
ADVERTISERS’ INDEX
AWCI Courses
513-367-9800
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
8
British Horological Institute
bhi.co.uk
17
Cas-Ker Co.
1-800-487-0408 29
Clocks Magazine
011 44 131 331 3200
29
Jules Borel & Co.
816-421-6110
...inside front cover
NAWCC
nawcc.org
29
Renata
800-527-0719 Richemont
richemont.com
...back cover
...inside back cover
Witschi Electronic Ltd.
011 32 352 05 00
22
Officers
Fred T. White, CMW21: President
[email protected]
Drew Zimmerman, CW21: Vice President
[email protected]
Henry Kessler: Treasurer and IAB Director
[email protected]
Aaron Recksiek, CW21: Secretary
[email protected]
Immediate Past President
Manuel Yazijian, CMW21
[email protected]
Directors
Joe Cerullo, CMW, CMC
[email protected]
Jason Champion, CW21: REC Director
[email protected]
Wesley Grau, CMW21
[email protected]
Joshua Kroman, CW21
[email protected]
David Kurdzionak: Affiliate Chapter Director
[email protected]
Craig Stone, CW21
[email protected]
Peter Whittle
[email protected]
Fellows
*Robert F. Bishop
*James H. Broughton
Fred S. Burckhardt
Alice B. Carpenter
David A. Christianson
*George Daniels
Wes Door
Jerry Faier
*Henry B. Fried
*Josephine F. Hagans
*Orville R. Hagans
*Ewell D. Hartman
*Harold J. Herman
*J.M. Huckabee
*Gerald G. Jaeger
Jack Kurdzionak
*Benjamin Matz
*Robert A. Nelson
*Hamilton E. Pease
Archie B. Perkins
Antoine Simonin
*William O. Smith, Jr.
Milton C. Stevens
Dennis Warner
*Marvin E. Whitney
*Deceased
American WatchmakersClockmakers Institute
701 Enterprise Dr.
Harrison, OH 45030
Ph: 866-FOR-AWCI
513-367-9800
Fax: 513-367-1414
[email protected] • www.awci.com
WE THANK THE IAB
AWCI would like to thank our Industry Advisory Board members for their ongoing support of the institute and the industry.
PTRC Inc.
Supply Co., Inc.
54
February 2016
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Historical Perspective on the Spring Bar Timing Machines

Transcription

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