Edisi October 2013 - Terengganu

FAKULTI PENGURUSAN PERNIAGAAN
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
CHIEF EDITOR’S COLUMN
Oleh: NUR HAZWANI MOHAMAD ROSELI
Assalammualaikum W.B.T,
Bertemu lagi kita di dalam Edisi Ketiga BizNewz 2013. Edisi kali ini tidak kurang hebatnya setanding dengan edisi-edisi
sebelum ini. Di ruangan saya pada edisi yang lepas, saya telah berbicara mengenai Formula 4M – Membaca + Menyelidik =
Menulis + Mengajar.
The Exquisite Business Journey
Issue 03
HiGhLiGhTs
LEGALITY OF E-ISLAMIC BANKING UNDER
THE SHARI’AH
(page 1 & 8)
Investing in IPOs
(page 3)
Nine over ten
(page 5)
Melabur dalam pasaran saham
salt and pepper
p.ramlee and the islamic law
Malaysia’s top 10 richest
world’s top
(page 6)
(page 7)
sebelum walimah: perkongsian kedua
10 billionaires
OCT
2013
Issue 02 | JUNE
2013
(page 9)
(page 10)
(page 11)
Patrons
PM Dr Abdul Samad Nawi
PM Dr Baharom Abd Rahman
PM Dr Mazidah Puteh
Advisors
Dr. Siti Haryati Shaikh Ali
Zaimi Mohamed
Siti Fatimah Mardiah Hamzah
Chief Editor
Nur Hazwani Binti Mohamad Roseli
Editorial Team
Erratul Shela Eshak
Hanani Ahmad Fuad
Norhusniyati Husin
Nor Sabrena Norizan
Nur Hayati Abd Rahman
Siti Hajar Mohd Hussain
Suhaily Maizan Abdul Manaf
Wan Maziah Wan Ab. Razak
Yau’mee Hayati Hj Mohamed Yusof
Oleh yang demikian, sebagai seorang pensyarah, kita hendaklah menitikberatkan penjagaan otak fikiran kita daripada dilanda
penyakit nyanyuk. Cara yang paling mudah ialah dengan membanyakkan pembacaan buku. Selain mendapat ilmu mengenai
sesuatu bidang tertentu, kita dapat mengelakkan penyakit nyanyuk. Cara ini telah terbukti berkesan melalui hasil kajian yang
telah dikeluarkan oleh National Endowment of Arts di Amerika. Selain daripada itu, kajian yang telah dilakukan oleh sekumpulan penyelidik dari Universiti California, Amerika Syarikat, pengambilan secawan kopi atau teh sehari boleh mengurangkan
penyakit nyanyuk sebanyak 40 peratus. Penyelidik dari universiti yang sama juga mendakwa dengan rajin memberus gigi boleh
mengelakkan penyakit nyanyuk. Hasil kajian mendapati “daripada 78 wanita yang memberus gigi kurang sekali sehari pada
1992, 21 mengalami nyanyuk pada 2010 atau satu kes setiap 3.7 wanita. Di kalangan mereka yang memberus gigi sekurangkurangnya sekali sehari, hampir seorang setiap 4.5 wanita menjadi nyanyuk atau 65 peratus berkemungkinan menghidapinya”. Satu lagi kajian yang telah dijalankan oleh Institut Penyelidikan Asas Pembangunan Keupayaan New York, pengambilan
kacang walnut telah terbukti membantu untuk mengelakkan penyakit Alzheimer. Ia dapat memulihkan keupayaan pembelajaran dan daya ingatan. Fakta yang cukup menarik, bukan?
Apa yang dapat saya simpulkan di sini ialah, untuk menjadikan kita sebagai seorang pensyarah yang hebat, kita perlu mengambil langkah-langkah penjagaan dari sekarang untuk mengelakkan NYANYUK menghantui kita pada masa akan datang. Elakkan Diri Anda Dari Diselubungi Misteri Nyanyuk...Jumpa lagi di dalam Edisi Keempat tidak lama lagi. Sekian.
Sumber:
http://galeri.jpm.gov.my/rakan/sites/default/files/buletin%20april%202013.pdf dipetik pa
http://www.bharian.com.my/bharian/articles/Rajinberusgigibolehelaknyanyuk/Article
http://jaringanperkongsianmindaanda.blogspot.com/2010/05/baca-buku-boleh-melambatkan-nyanyuk.html
Guest Editors
Sulia Masturina Che Razali
Wan Najmiyyah Wan Md. Adnan
Columnist
PM Dr. Che Zuina Ismail
PM Ismail Hassan
Anita Md Shariff
Layout & Graphic:
Siti Hajar Mohd Hussain
Nor Sabrena Norizan
Want to submit an article ?
Email us at :
[email protected]
(page 12)
LEGAL MATTERS
Columnist: Assoc. Prof. Dr Che Zuina Ismail
LEGALITY OF E-ISLAMIC BANKING
UNDER THE SHARI’AH
Explanation of E-Banking
E-banking refers to the process of electronic transactions of retail and wholesale banking through a range
of different technological devices. In other words, it can be defined as the use of computer to carry out
banking transactions such as withdrawals through cash dispensers or transfer of funds at point of sale.
With these methods, banking transactions can occur 24 hours a day. Besides that, this method makes
transaction easier compared to performing it manually. Banking transactions can be done with only one
“click”. In fact, it allows customers to view recent transactions, print out statements and transfer funds between accounts and make payments. This provides a very comfortable alternative to customers who prefer
doing things on-line compared to the more traditional methods.
continue on page 8
Page
1
Apa yang ingin saya kongsikan sedikit sebanyak pada Ruangan Ketua Editor kali ini ialah mengenai satu perkataan iaitu
“NYANYUK”. Seperti yang kita semua ketahui, sebagai seorang pensyarah, otak fikiran kita adalah salah satu aset anugerah
Allah yang tidak ternilai untuk kita. Kita sebagai manusia hendaklah menjaga otak fikiran dari sebarang penyakit terutamanya
penyakit nyanyuk atau penyakit lupa. Ini adalah kerana kita memerlukan otak fikiran untuk menyimpan dan memproses
segala maklumat untuk disalurkan kepada pelajar. Jika tempat penyimpanan tersebut mempunyai masalah, bagaimana
kita dapat menjalankan fungsi kita sebagai seorang pensyarah? Cuba anda bayangkan, jika CPU komputer anda mengalami
kerosakan. Adakah komputer anda dapat berfungsi dengan baik? Jawapannya TIDAK, bukan? Begitulah juga dengan otak
manusia.
Editor’s Column
Oleh: NUR HAYATI ABDUL RAHMAN
A
P
ssalamualaikum & Salam Sejahtera,
ertamanya, terima kasih diucapkan kepada Ketua Editor BizNewz yang
telah memberikan kesempatan ini untuk saya coretkan sepatah dua kata.
Semasa berada di dalam bulan Ramadhan yang lepas, kita semua dididik untuk bersabar dan menjaga setiap anggota badan dari melakukan dosa dan
perkara-perkara yang tidak berfaedah. Hasil didikan dan amalan di bulan
Ramadhan tersebut seharusnya diteruskan dan dipertingkatkan walaupun
kita tidak lagi berada di dalam bulan tersebut. Semoga Ramadhan yang lepas
menjadikan kita insan yang lebih baik.
P
ejam celik, kita sudah hampir sampai ke penghujungnya menandakan
garisan penamat untuk tahun ini tinggal beberapa bulan sahaja lagi. Jadi,
dikesempatan ini, saya menyeru semua untuk mempelbagaikan lagi variasi
penerbitan dalam BizNewz ini dengan menghantar artikel bagi memenuhi dua
penerbitan seperti yang diminta di dalam SKT. Artikel yang kami terima bukan
hanya tertakluk kepada perniagaan semata-mata. Segala jenis artikel sama
ada berbentuk informatif, akademik, kupasan berita, sukan, lawak jenaka
dan sebagainya boleh disumbangkan kepada kami untuk diterbitkan dalam
edisi seterusnya. Sharing is caring.
WhatsApp (also known
as What’s Up) Inc. was
founded by Brian Acton
and Jan Kourn in 2009.
Both of them were the veterans of Yahoo! and their
company is based in Santa
California. By using this
application, it allows you
to exchange messages or
SMS for free. This software
can support for Android,
Blackberry OS, BlackBerry
10, iOS, Series 40, Symbian (S60), and Windows
Phone users. As of August
6, 2013, WhatsApp has
over 300 million active users, and 325 million photos shared each day.
(Source: Whatapps.com)
Page
2
Investing in IPOs
W
hat is IPOs?? IPOs
stands for Initial Public
Offerings. When the company issued their new shares
to the public, we call it as
IPOs. The main objective of
the company issuing IPOs is
to gain more equity capital
for their current operations
or for their future projects.
I
n 2012, Malaysia was the
fifth largest IPOs issuer
in the world. In 2012, there
were four major IPOs issued; Felda Global Ventures
Holdings, Integrated Healthcare Holdings (IHH), Gas
Malaysia Berhad and Astro
Malaysia Holdings Bhd. The
local market has seen RM23
billion in IPOs in 2012.
M
alaysia has had buoyant demand for its top
IPOs before and after listing.
State-run palm-oil planter
Felda Global Ventures Holdings, which raised $3.2 billion in June IPO, and Khazanah-controlled hospital
operator IHH Healthcare
Bhd., which raised over $2
billion in July, both rose on
their first day of trade and
are trading more than 6%
above their listing prices.
U
p to July 2013, there
are ten companies already issued their IPOs and
Page
3
records management words puzzle
by Zaleha binti Khamis
amongst the big IPOs issuers are AirAsia X Berhad
and CLIQ Energy Berhad.
The latest is Sona Petroleum
Berhad that offers their IPOs
on 5th July until 12th July
2013. There will be more
big companies issuing their
IPOs by the next second-half
of this year.
T
he advantage of buying
IPOs is that investors
buy shares in the company
at a fixed price and do not
pay stamp duty or brokerage fees.
There are two methods
which investor can apply for
an IPO:
•
Through application
forms at issuing houses,
stock broking companies
and financial institutions.
•
And
sometimes
through an Electronic Share
Application (ESA) that allows applications via ATMs.
B
efore investing in IPOs,
investors should read the
prospectus of the company
and get more information
about the company. Then,
the investors should assess
the business prospects and
risks in order to evaluate the
worthiness of the company.
References:
Initial Public Offerings. Retrieved on 9th
July 2013 from http://
www.dixon.com.au/
Knowledge-Centre/
Investing/Sharemarket-overview/InitialPublic-Offerings.aspx
Venkat P.R. and Jason
N. IPO made in Malaysia. Retrieved on 9th
July 2013 from http://
blogs.wsj.com/
deals/2012/10/01/
ipos-made-in-malaysia/
World’s top stock
exchanges by IPO
value in 2012. Retrieved on 9th July
2013 from http://
w w w. r e d i f f . c o m /
business/slide-show/
slide-show-1-worldstop-stock-exchanges-by-ipo-value-in2012/20130103.
htm#6
Jokes Corner: A Boat Race...
h t t p : / / w w w. b h a r ian.com.my/articles/
PasaranIPOkekalcemerlangtahunini/Article/
http://www.bursamalaysia.com
Page
4
Nine over ten
by
Mohd Husnin Mat Yusof and Zaimi Mohamed
One of the ways to make money is to engage in a business.
However, we should not only
consider the ordinary business.
We must think of a real venture
which will benefit us not only now
but also in the future. The possibility of such business is mentioned in the Quran. “Those who
rehearse the Book of Allah, establish regular Prayer, and spend
(in Charity) out of what We have
provided for them, secretly and
openly, hope for a Commerce
that will never fail” (Fatir: 29).
We were created and provided
with the necessary guidance
in all aspects of our life. For
the Muslim, “doing business”
with the Creator will never fail,
provided that we follow the
rules set by him. Let’s explore
some of the guidance and support provided to us in managing a successful business.
Entrepreneurship is more than
a phenomenon leading to the
creation of new organization,
encouragement of employment
opportunities and maximization
of economic returns, but it’s, to
a certain extent, a development
choice to contribute to the amelioration of individual, communities and countries well-being
(Gartner, 1987). One of the important keywords defined by the
author is the term ‘amelioration’
which leads to the betterment
and well-being of a person. Being a Muslim, we should be really concerned with our well-being
not only here in this world but also
later during the Judgment Day.
As an Islamic entrepreneur, the
basic principle is rather simple.
Set the right intention (niat) and
do the right actions (amal). The
ultimate objective is just to get
the blessing of The Creator. Islam also taught the followers
to live their lives in accordance
with the Quran and Sunnah in
order to ensure their success.
One of a popular hadith narrated by Ibn Abdul Rahman Nuaim, ”‫“ةعستراشعأقزرلايفةراجتلا‬
encourages people to transact
business as nine-tenths of our
livelihood. Although the status
of the hadith is classified as
weak by certain scholars, it is
undeniable that business promises high return. Islam also
encourages trade activities as
clearly mentioned in verse 275
Surah Al-Baqarah “Allah has
permitted trading and forbidden
Riba (usury)”. The fact that the
Prophet (s.a.w) and the sahabah
Page
5
involved in business activities
should motivate us to follow.
In addition to the Islamic values
and principles, source of funds
is another great concern for
the entrepreneurs. In Malaysia, the government has set up
various agencies to assist entrepreneurs especially the Bumiputra in small and medium
industry (SMI). Undeniably,
SMI plays an important role in
the economic transformation
of the country. To accelerate
industrial growth and expansion of the scope of industrial
zones throughout the country, the government has allocated as much as RM1billion
under the scheme managed
by SME Development Bank.
Perbadanan Nasional Berhad
(PNS) has also introduced
Transformation Business program to escalate and modernize merchant trade group and
small vendors to higher standards and competitiveness
of the licensing or franchising
model. The program would
provide advice and guidance
to the new formal commercial concepts such as mo
bile shops, kiosk and online
commerce. For this, PNS
provides support to hawkers and small merchant with
maximum amount loan of
RM25,000 for the licensee
and RM500,000 for licensor.
For entrepreneurs who are involved in traditional small businesses like hawker and petty
trader would also benefit from
the government schemes/programs. At present, there are
approximately 1.5 million hawkers. As business temperament,
they are exposed to various
constrains such as self injury,
disability and death. In assisting them, the government has
proposed a group insurance
scheme to hawkers and petty
trader which will provide maximum coverage up to RM5,000.
With the right intention and
strategies coupled with government assistance, the golden opportunities are here for
us to grasp. One of the promising area to get into is the halal
food industry which has been
allocated RM200 million in the
last budget for working capital
purposes to the capable and
potential players. The writers
previously involved in entrepreneur development program/
scheme have witnessed the
Bumiputera’s involvement in a
range of business with the assistance of Majlis Amanah Rakyat
(MARA), TEKUN NASIONAL,
PNS and other government
agencies. The establishment
of MASMED and Tunas Mekar program in UiTM could
also benefit potential entrepreneurs, especially the students.
We believe that in addition to
the Islamic values and principles adopted by the entrepreneurs, the status of funds used
by a business will greatly affect
the owner’s behaviour and the
performance of the business
as a whole. As such, getting the ‘right’ source of funds
such as from the Shariahcompliant financing schemes/
facilities should also be in the
agenda. For that, the Islamic banking system is already
established for assistance.
As ‘Khalifah’ the entrepreneur
must see business as part of
‘ibadah’ in parallel with developing prosperity. It is from the
profits generated from their business that entrepreneurs could
share with the community in the
form of taxes, zakat or Corporate Social Responsible (CSR)
activities. However, the objective of a business goes beyond
profit or shareholder wealth
maximization or even CSR. Be
it in our business undertaking or
our personal activities, the focus
(niat) should always be seeking the blessing of The Creator.
“O You who believe! Shall I
guide you to a trade that will
save you from a painful torment?
That you believe in Allâh and
His Messenger (Muhammad
SAW), and that you strive hard
and fight in the Cause of Allâh
with your wealth and your lives,
that will be better for you, if you
but know!” (As-Saff :10 – 11 )
References:
1. Al-Quran
2.Hadith
3.Perbadanan Nasional Berhad
(PNS) http://www.pns.com.my/
4.Malaysian Academy of SME
and Entrepreneurship Development (MASMED)
http://masmed.uitm.edu.my/v1/
5.TEKUN NASIONAL BERHADhttp://www.tekun.gov.my/
6.http://notausahawan.wordpress.com
M
elabur dalam Pasaran Saham
oleh Zaleha binti Khamis
Pengenalan
Pasaran saham merupakan tempat di mana saham sesebuah syarikat didagangkan. Ia juga merupakan tempat untuk syarikat mendapatkan modal permulaan
ataupun modal tambahan, serta memberi peluang kepada pelabur untuk memiliki
saham yang mereka ingini seterusnya membolehkan pelabur menikmati laba daripada prestasi syarikat yang cemerlang.
Di Malaysia, saham-saham didagangkan di Bursa Malaysia. Bursa Malaysia mempunyai 910 buah syarikat yang berdaftar yang boleh dipilih oleh seseorang pelabur.
Namun begitu, untuk proses jual beli saham di Bursa Malaysia, pelabur tidak dibenarkan berurusan secara langsung dengan Bursa Malaysia. Pelabur memerlukan
khidmat wakil peniaga saham yang mempunyai lesen wakil peniaga (dealer’s representative licence) yang dikeluarkan oleh Suruhanjaya Sekuriti Malaysia.
Wakil peniaga saham dikenali sebagai ‘remisier’ dan ‘paid dealer representative’. Tugas ‘remisier’ dan ‘paid dealer representative’ adalah sama, perbezaan antara keduanya adalah remisier merupakan wakil peniaga saham yang bekerja sendiri tetapi
mendaftar untuk beroperasi di syarikat broker saham yang berlesen manakala paid
dealer representative pula merupakan pekerja syarikat broker saham terbabit.
Sekiranya, pelabur berminat untuk melabur dalam pasaran saham, pelabur perlu
mengambil dua langkah mudah iaitu :
1.
Kenalpasti syarikat broker saham yang berdaftar.
-
Syarikat broker saham akan melantik seorang wakil peniaga saham seba
gai agen pelabur.
-
Wakil peniaga saham ini akan bertindak sebagai ‘orang tengah’ antara
pelabur dan juga Bursa Malaysia. Mereka akan membeli dan menjual
saham bagi pihak pelabur.
-
Selain daripada membantu urusan jual beli saham, pelabur boleh juga
mendapatkan nasihat tentang pelaburan daripada wakil peniaga saham.
2.
Buka akaun CDS dan Trading Account
-
Untuk tujuan ini, pelabur perlu sertakan 1 salinan kad pengenalan dan 1
salinan penyata bank/buku bank untuk daftar e-dividen. Yuran yang
dikenakan ialah sebanyak RM10 sahaja.
Pembelian saham
Menjadi satu kepentingan bagi pihak pelabur mempunyai wang yang cukup untuk
membayar kos harga saham yang dibeli serta kos untuk bayaran transaksi tersebut.
Apabila pembelian saham berjaya, segala pembayaran perlu dibuat dalam masa 3
hari daripada tarikh urusniaga tersebut (T+3).
Sebagai contoh, pelabur A membeli saham pada hari Isnin 8 Julai 2013 sebanyak
1,000 unit pada harga RM1.50 seunit, maka A perlu membuat pembayaran sebanyak RM1,542.45 iaitu kos harga saham RM1,500 dicampur dengan kos transaksi
RM42.45 sebelum pukul 12.30 tengahari 11 Julai 2013 (Khamis).
Penjualan saham
Perkara pertama ialah, pelabur perlu memiliki saham yang ingin dijual dalam
akaun CDS. Apabila penjualan saham berjaya, pelabur akan mendapat duit dalam
masa 3 hari selepas urusniaga tersebut.
Sebagai contoh, pelabur B berjaya menjual saham pada harga RM2.00 seunit sebanyak 1,000 unit pada 15 Julai 2013 (Isnin). Maka B akan menerima pembayaran
sebanyak RM1,957.40 iaitu jumlah jualan saham RM2,000 ditolak dengan kos transaksi RM42.60 sebelum 12.30 tengahari pada 18 Julai 2013 (Khamis)
Penutup
Secara ringkasnya, begitulah proses jual beli dalam pasaran saham. Sebelum pelabur
mengambil keputusan untuk melabur dalam pasaran saham, adalah disarankan
supaya pelabur mengetahui dan memahami risiko serta kelebihan melabur dalam
pasaran saham. Antara kebaikan melabur dalam pasaran modal ialah pelabur
mempunyai hak mengundi dalam mesyuarat syarikat yang mereka miliki sahamnya, di samping berupaya menikmati kadar pulangan yang lebih tinggi dan proses
jual beli saham adalah lebih mudah. Namun begitu, terdapat juga kekangan apabila melabur dalam pasaran saham seperti risiko kerugian yang lebih tinggi, kadar
dividen yang tidak tetap dan dividen tidak dikecualikan daripada cukai pendapatan individu.
Rujukan:
Investing Basics. Diakses pada 9th Julai 2012 daripada http://klse.i3investor.com/jsp/
hti/basics.jsp
Melabur dalam pasaran saham. Julai 2013, http://www.bursamalaysia.com.
Pasaran saham. Julai 2013, http://www.sc.com.my.
Page
6
Continued......................................................................................................................Legality of e-Islamic Banking under the Shari’ah
Salt & Peppers
Columnist : Assoc. Prof. Ismail Hassan
Salt and Peppers
Let’s get one thing out of the way first. This isn’t a
column about gastronomy. If you are wondering, it is a fancy word to describe the art of food
eating. You’ll not find recipes here or suggestions on what and where to eat. This is a business
management newsletter so mostly what you’ll
find are dull writings about the bland world of
business management. If gastronomy is you interest, may I suggest the Culinary Arts newsletter
instead.
For reasons known only to the editors, I’m given
a permanent column here. I suppose they either
failed to convince the more talented members
of the faculty or that they are just tired of seeing
me fooling around doing nothing so they might
as well rope me on something more useful.
Regardless of their reasons, I’m honoured. This is
the first time I have a column of my own where
they say I could write whatever I please. I don’t
know yet whether this absolute freedom is a
good or a bad thing. Neither do they. But I must
admire their readiness to take such a big risk.
Equally risky was when they asked me to name
my own column because there is no telling
what I’ll come out with. So after procrastinating like always, a spark of rare brilliance at the
very last minute brought me Salt and Peppers.
Before you throw judgment, allow me to amuse
you how this name came into being.
In gastronomy, salt and peppers usually function as seasonings where they add, enhance,
or improve flavour but they are not the main ingredients per se of any particular dish. Though
they may be humble and sit low on the totem
pole, food would taste bland and unexciting
without them. A pinch of salt and a sprinkle of
pepper can make a simple meal spectacular,
and similarly, their absence can make great
meals tasteless. So this is how I want my column
to function; to add flavour to an otherwise very
bland and less exciting newsletter. And since
salt and peppers are used according to personal taste, whether sparingly or abundantly, I
shall write my ramblings according to my taste
and not be governed by the stringent protocol
of academic writings, which incidentally I’m not
very good at.
Another thing about salt and peppers is their
contrasting colours of white and black; they are
so competing yet so completing and complementing each other. This projects to a large
extent my personality of extremes. I can be as
stubborn and unmoving as black or as flexible
and accommodating as white. I can be pure,
Page
7
naive, and innocent or wicked, difficult, and sinister. And most certainly I can be anywhere between these extremes in the land of greys to suit
whatever situation I’m in or the agenda that I’m
pursuing. To sum up, my life and values can be
just like the humble salt and pepper. They can be
black, white, or any shades of grey. My writings
will project this personal philosophy. You may find
later that I may do a complete flip on my stand
on certain issues by contradicting myself, or holding on to an opinion without reason, or simply being indifferent to matters of great interest. And so,
my esteem colleagues and respected readers,
I present you Salt and Peppers. A column that
provides an insight into my thoughts, opinions,
and values.
And here’s another thing. Please don’t assess
my English proficiency. You are sure to find both
casual and structural errors without even trying so
don’t waste your precious time. Just like the contrasting colours of salt and peppers, and the infinite hues in between, to me English is not a fixed
structure of black and white. Its character is dynamic, versatile, and flexible which functions as a
tool of expression than a show of perfection. You
see, I’m not an English major and I use this fact
to my advantage. Surely you cannot expect
a flawless essay from a non-English major, can
you? And because I’m not a native speaker,
you also cannot expect me to write like Charles
Dickens or Mark Twain. To be honest, I’m never
concerned about my language proficiency.
And it is this indifference that allows me to write
regularly and and quantitatively. To me this is a
good thing because the less self-conscious and
concerned I am about the language quality
of my essays, the more fluid are my expression
of ideas. Without caring much about the finer
details of good essay composition, I could give
more focus on content and the message I wish
to convey. To me perfection is simply overrated,
so kindly treat my grammatical or structural language errors with a pinch of salt or a sprinkle of
peppers: flavouring an otherwise mundane article. And if it interests you to know, I occasionally
use the on-line essay grader and I’m pleased to
report that my standard hovers between B- and
B; and occasionally C+. Not really bad for a nonEnglish major.
I’m giving the editors an escape hatch, or more
accurately a garbage chute. Anytime they feel
that I’ve digressed from the original intent of the
newsletter, they are free to bundle me up and
shove me down the chute. After all, I’m just seasonings, not the main ingredients.
The End
The academy in Jeddah Islamic jurisprudence established by the
Islamic conference organization in the 6th conference held in 1990,
has decided that:
i. If a contract made between two parties is not present in one
place, and cannot hear or see each other physically, and communicate through writing or through the mail system, including telegraph, telex., fax or computer, then the contract shall be deemed
to have been concluded when the offer is conveyed to the intended
and acceptance is communicated to the person who made the offer.
ii. If the contract was made between the two parties at the same
time, and they are in different places, such as in the case of a contract made by telephone and wireless, then it will be considered as
a contract in which both parties are present. In this case, the rules
of origin established by Islamic scholars will be charged.
iii. If someone extends the offer through the tools offer subject to
the period specified, he is bound to comply with his bid during this
period and cannot withdraw from it.
iv. The rules in paragraphs i, ii and iii above do not include the
marriage contract (because of the presence of two witnesses is a
necessary condition for its validity) does not extend to the currency
exchange contract (because it requires ownership), as well as the
Salam (as set immediate payment of the price of capital).
v. Related to the possibility of forgery, fraud or mistake, reference
should be made to the general rules of evidence.
vi. Therefore, the electronics have been accepted as a valid medium for communication and contract concluded between the parties as long as it is Shari’ah compliant.
Legal Issues on E-Islamic Banking
According to the Islamic jurist, the legality of e-Islamic banking
does not stop the use of electronic devices for Islamic bank to be
involved in a contract with their customers. There are several issues that would need further scrutiny:
i. Requirement Of Witness
To show the e-Islamic banking is sufficient to satisfy the shari’ah
requirements. It can be proved by using electronic devices which
are capable of recording and reproducing information of the transactions more accurately than a human witness who may be prone
to forgetfulness or tend to be bias. Although sometimes electronic
devices may break down, it can still be rectified as there are sufficient legal provisions such as the CCA and penal code which
can be used to deal with fraud and forgery. ATMs and EFT are the
examples of e-banking products and services which also known
as spot transaction. The transaction of fund will occur immediately
upon of the contract and not deferred to a time in the future. The
Quran in Surah al-Baqarah (2) verses 282 states;
“….if it be a transaction which ye carry out on the spot among yourselves, there is no blame on you if you reduce it not to writing. But
take witnesses whenever ye make a commercial contract, and let
neither scribe nor witness suffer harm…”
This verse indicates that the witness is a crucial requisite in Islamic
commercial transaction. However, in electronic transactions, the
parties involved are not
present during that contract to be a witness because it is done from
different location and data relating to the transaction is transmitted through phone line, telecommunication signals, and etc. For
example, in the case of Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) technology, mobile phone is used by the customer to send and retrieve
the data of his account. Then the data is electronically recorded
and all the evidences will be provided if any dispute arises from the
transaction. Finally, e-banking or electronic recorder can provide
better products or services to the parties involved the contract and
it is shari’ah compliant.
ii. Contract Of Further Obligation
Islamic banking is better known for its Bai’ Bithaman Ajil, Murabahah, Ijarah, Mudharabah and Musyarakah transactions for its wadiah accounts. These principles are used for financing facilities by
Islamic banks to their customers. What if these facilities will involve
future obligations and not mere spot transactions, can be contracted electronically? For example, some western banks already provide services in which application and approvals for financing facilities can be done online or over the phone. The Quran once more in
Surah al-Baqarah (2) verse 282 states to the following effect;
“O ye who believe! When you deal with each other in transaction
involving future obligations in a fixed period of time, reduce them
to writing. Let a scribe write down faithfully as between the parties…”
“And get 2 witnesses out of your own men, and if not 2 men then
a man and 2 women, such as ye choose for witnesses, so that if
one of them errs, the other one can remind her. The witnesses
should not refuse when they are called on (for evidence). Disdain
not to reduce to writing (your contract) for a future period, whether
it be small or big: it is more just in the sight of Allah, more suitable as evidence, and more convenient to prevent doubts among
yourselves….”
This verse shows the importance of putting the deal involving future obligations in writing, the verse also emphasizes the need of
witnesses. BNM Shariah Advisory has announced that the requirement of 2 men or 1 man and 2 women, as a witness is persuasive
rather than mandatory, and confirmed that it will be sufficient to
maintain the current practice in which the contract is usually witnessed by an advocate and solicitor. This rule has eliminated many
uncertainties, especially for those who argue that it also should
include a confirmation by solicitors. As aforementioned, if any
dispute arises from the e-banking transaction, the data will be recorded electronically and will be able to be used as evidence.
Given that, an electronic device are sufficient to record the parties’
agreement as effective as writing on a paper and the data recorded
electronically is better preserved than the testimony of human witnesses. Nevertheless, in due consideration of the spirit of Quranic
verse, Islamic banks may want to consider imposing a requirement
that the customer must perform the contract in the presence of a
witness which the details must be provided to the bank for its records, in the event that they do offer such facilities electronically.
iii. Management Of Accounts
Providing them with managing their accounts and transfer fund
electronically is the main facilities of e-Islamic Banking for their
customer.
The Quran in Surah al-Baqarah (2) verse 283 states to the following effect;
“…..and if one of you deposits a thing on trust with another, let the
trustee (faithfully) discharge his trust, and let him fear his Lord.
Conceal not evidence, for whoever conceals it, his heart is tainted
with sin. And Allah knows all that you do”.
Thus the bank is under a duty to exercise their right to loyal customers. Banks should ensure that no fraudulent withdrawals carried
out on customer accounts especially involving its own personnel
and the bank must compensate the loss of customers if the incident happened due to the fault or negligence of their own. While
automated acceptance by customers of specific services can be
valid and legal from shari’ah point of view as in the case of implied
consent, the bank cannot take advantage of the situation. For example, the bank do not need to charge for services deemed to
have been subscribed by the customer if the customer fails to deliver to the bank his refusal to subscribe for a certain period of time.
This is unethical practice of shari’ah point of view as a customer is
charged for services that do not need and do not use.
Conclusion
Islam does not prohibit the use of electronic tools to improve the
efficiency of the Islamic banking and commercial transactions. On
the other hand, the use of the system is to be encouraged and
applauded by the religion because it facilitates transactions and
remove the trouble for the world. Value-added services, such as
facilities to pay alms (zakat) online, have shown that an Islamic
banking is convenient for customers. The legal framework established by the regulatory bodies will ensure that an Islamic banking
can provide services and products that are safe and effective for
those who want to manage their wealth in accordance with religious requirements.
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8
S
P
EBELUM WALIMAH:
ERKONGSIAN
KEDUA
oleh Nurul Fatma Aziz & Nik Fazlin Hiryati Nik Jaafar
“Time value of money” is a term commonly used in finance which means that the value of money drops over time. For instance,
RM 10 today can be used to buy 5 units of nasi lemak. By assuming that the size and quality are the same, the exact amount of
money can be utilized to purchase more than 5 units of nasi lemak ten years ago. In other words, the purchasing power is decreasDiteruskan
perkongsian
kedua problem
kami yang
sama
pentingnya
seperti
perkongsian
pertama
sebelum
ini.
ingpula
over time
due to an economic
calledjuga
inflation.
By comparing
the level
of consumer
price index
(CPI) in 2010
and 2013,
Mudah- mudahan
Yang
seterusnya
ialah;
the Centralbermanfaat.
Bank of Malaysia
had recorded
that the
level of inflation in February 2013 was 6.1% (Central Bank of Malaysia, 2013).
The high level of inflation is mainly due to the high cost of foods and other household items (The Malaysian Insider, 2013). This
1. Pengesahan
tempahan
(1-2
bulan
inflationary
condition &
willmenu
definitely
increase
the sebelum)
cost of living in Malaysia. Even though there is a slight increment in the wages
and salaries, it may not be able to reduce the burden in real term if the percentage of increment is smaller as compared to the
Tujuan majlis
perkahwinan
adalah
untuk
menghebahkan
kepada
orang ramai
mengenai
walimah
yang
berinflation rate. Strictly speaking, people who save money during
inflationary
situation
actually
experience
lossesbakal
because
langsung. Maka,
hidangan
yang disediakan haruslah menepatiancitarasa
ramai
bagiwill
meraikan
tetamu yang
meluangof the decline
in its value.
kan masa hadir memeriahkan majis. Pastikan tempahan menu hidangan, dewan majlis, hantaran dan persalinan,
khemah serta
peralatan
yang terlibat
dibuat
1-2 bulan
majliscreeping
perkahwinan
agar
tidak ada
yang
On a yearly
basis, Malaysians
quite
lucky because
theysebelum
are experiencing
inflation. The
percentage
risemasalah
of prices comakan timbul
pada
saat
akhir.year is are
pared
to the
previous
less than 4%. History shows that there were countries that experienced hyperinflation but not in a
basis. Refer to table 1 for more details. By definition, hyperinflation is a condition in which the monthly prices increase
Biasanya continuous
hidangan
menjadihappens,
pilihanpeople
ramai.
hidangan
majlis,
adalah
untuk
by
more thankampung
50%. If this condition
mayUntuk
have no faith
in money.
Even if you
have adinasihatkan
lot of money in the
banks,tidak
the
terlalu bermewahmewah
seperti
menghidangkan
terlalu
banyak
lauk
pauk.
Takut
membazir
pula
nanti.
value of money
that you
currently
hold is not the same
as compared
to itsjenis
value when
you
deposited
it previously.
So, why
should
Ambil peluang
untuk
merasa
dahulu
hidangan
contoh
yang
ditempah
bagi
memastikan
kualiti
masakan
yang
you hold the money during those times?
bersesuaian.
Sekiranya pasangan bercadang untuk memasak sendiri, pastikan senarai bahan mentah, peralatan dan yang paling penting pasukan memasak itu sudah disenaraikan. Untuk bahan basah, biasanya tempahan diperlukan lebih
awal kerana perlu dibeli dalam kuantiti yang banyak. Untuk bahan kering, pembelian boleh dibuat awal-awal lagi.
Takut harga barang naik pula nanti. Lebih elok jika ianya dibeli di kedai borong.
Menu hidangan untuk majlis adalah antara perkara yang utama kerana memberi makan kepada orang lain adalah
sesuatu yang mulia. Diselitkan satu hadis berkaitan untuk renungan bersama.
‘Daripada Anas bin Malik RA menyebut bahawa Rasulullah SAW telah melihat di kepala Abdul Rahman bin Auf kesan kuning, lalu baginda bertanya: Kesan apakah ini? Abdul Rahman menjawab: Wahai Rasulullah aku telah berkahwin dengan seorang perempuan bermaskahwinkan satu nawah iaitu timbangan sebanyak lima dirham emas. Baginda
mendoakan keberkatan untuk Abdul Rahman bin Auf dan berkata: Buatlah kenduri walaupun dengan seekor kambing’.
2. Aturcara & tugasan ahli keluarga dan sahabat rapat (2 minggu sebelum)
Pastikan dengan jelas dan tersusun setiap aturcara yang akan berlangsung pada majlis nanti. Biasanya jika majlis
dibuat di dewan, elok sekiranya ada aturcara dituliskan pada kad. Masa bermulanya majlis makan, ketibaan pengantin dan mungkin juga sesi bergambar antara sanak saudara dan teman- teman.
Majlis sebegini biasanya akan mengumpulkan saudara mara dan rakan rapat yang datang dari jauh dan dekat.
Lebih meriah dan mesra sekirnya keluarga pengantin membuat agihan tugas kepada mereka. Sertakan sekali tempoh dan waktu tugasan supaya mereka boleh fokus. Tugas yang biasanya memerlukan bantuan adalah seperti
mengedarkan cenderahati kepada tetamu, memasang kain rentang atau banting dan tunjuk arah serta memastikan
makananan yang dijamu sentiasa mencukupi sepanjang majlis.
Jangan lupa untuk disiapkan juga lauk pauk untuk dibawa pulang oleh tetamu. Tetamu yang terdiri daripada
saudara mara dan teman rapat pasti akan lebih berbesar hati menerimanya. Ini adalah tanda penghargaan tuan
rumah di atas kehadiran mereka, juga sebagai tanda syukur dan gembira.
Islam meletak tinggi darjat seorang suami sebagai mana sabda Rasulullah SAW “Daripada Abu Hurairah RA daripada Nabi SAW sabdanya, “Sekiranya boleh aku menyuruh seseorang sujud kepada seseorang, nescaya akan aku suruh
kaum wanita (isteri) supaya sujud kepada suami mereka”.
Begitu juga berkenaan kemuliaan seorang isteri solehah berdasarkan hadis ini. Daripada Abdullah bin ‘Amru bin
al-‘As R.huma bahawasanya Rasulullah SAW bersabda, “Dunia adalah keseronokan dan sebaik-baik keseronokan
dunia ialah perempuan (isteri) yang solehah (baik)”
Begitulah indahnya alam rumahtangga di mana tinggi darjat dan pengiktirafan daripada Allah SWT kepada suami
isteri yang soleh dan solehah. Marilah kita jadikan jodoh dan ikatan pernikahan kurniaan Allah ini sebagai ladang
menyemai pahala dan jambatan dalam menggapai keredhaan Allah SWT.
Perkahwinan ialah penyatuan dua insan, oleh itu wajarlah sekiranya di antara pasangan itu untuk tidak terlalu
berkira dan belajarlah untuk bertolak ansur dalam merancang walimah demi kesejahteraan di masa hadapan. Perancangan yang teliti InshaAllah boleh memastikan majlis berjalan lancar. Lebih menggembirakan sekiranya ada
sanak saudara atau rakan rapat yang sudi menaja keperluan majlis seperti hantaran atau jurugambar. Cubalah
risik- risik dengan mereka, manalah tahu ada rezeki nanti.
Ingatlah, merancang majlis perkahwinan itu perlu, namun merancang kehidupan berumahtangga itu jauh lebih
penting. Persediaan mental untuk bergelar suami, isteri dan bakal ibu bapa itu lebih memerlukan persediaan yang
rapi. Pastikan sekurang-kurangnya 10 buku berkaitan perkahwinan dibaca sebelum diakad. Banyakkan berdoa
dan bergantunglah sepenuhnya kepada Allah agar dipermudahkan segala urusan. TEMPOHNYA..?? MULAKANNYA DARI SEKARANG..!!
“Perkahwinan bukannya masa untuk menunjukkan keegoan, tetapi ianyalah adalah saat penyatuan dua jiwa”
- Dr Rusnah Siran
Sumber rujukan
Gambar perkahwinan. (2013). Diakses pada May 15, 2013, daripada https://www.google.com.my/
imghp?hl=en&tab=ii
Hadis-hadis perkahwinan. (2013). Diakses pada May 15, 2013, daripada http://www.islam.gov.my/en/e-hadith
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9
Only Truth Matters
Columnist :Anita Md. Shariff
P.Ramlee and the Islamic Law
This year marks the 40th anniversary of P.Ramlee’s
death. That’s long enough for someone to still be remembered. Certainly, it’s the outcome of his magnificent works in the entertainment industry that still dazzles the viewers up to this day. 66 films and 360 songs
to his credit throughout 27 years of career! What an
extraordinary achievement for someone of humble
background, who lived during a period where advance
technologies were aliens.
However, there’s something else about P Ramlee
movies that compels me to write this.
I can recall watching his movie titled Semerah Padi
when I was still small. The story portrayed traditional
Malay society implementing the Islamic laws. There
were scenes on stoning and whipping. But the one
that stuck in my mind was the untoward ‘hukuman
sula’ or impalement i.e death punishment using a pike,
carried out on a couple guilty of adultery. And to make
the scene more Islamic, the episode was tailed by an
Adzan for Subuh prayer.
The scene of the impalement that was signified by
men holding pikes followed by the screams of the
duo being punished, had terribly and tremendously
impacted my feeling as a small child. I kept recalling
it many times throughout the phases of my life. So,
for many years, I grew up to have this in mind: The
barbaric law was meant for ancient uncivilized society
only (Astaghfirullahal’azim)
When I entered college, a lot of things came knocking
on my head and my inner inquisition. I recalled the
scene and I asked myself: What is the possible rationale (hikmah) behind the impalement punishment,
had it been created by Allah, the Most Merciful and the
Most Gracious?
Anxiously looking for the answer, I eventually ended
up with rather surprising discovery:
NO! IMPALEMENT or SULA is NOT part of the Islamic
law!
Plain as day, P. Ramlee had made such a grave mistake! I thank Allah for guiding me to the truth. I just
wonder then, didn’t P Ramlee have done proper research before coming out with that movie? Well, he is
no longer with us to answer the question.
But why then, was there no censorship or explanation
or serious discussion to stop this slander or FITNAH
from spreading? The movie continued to be broadcasted again and again for generations, effectively
misleading, spreading false information and tarnishing the image of Islam among the viewers. And we’re
not talking about Hollywood, are we?
I consider the sula matter as the biggest error among
so many Syariah conflicting scenes and story outlines
found in P Ramlee movies. Many of the mistakes have
produced confusion over Islamic fundamentals concerning aqidah, akhlaq, family institutions and role of
women as outlined by Syariah. And with the long list
of films and songs aired during that time, we cannot
dismiss the possibilities that they have had monstrous
impact upon our previous generations.
P Ramlee was an icon to the Malays as much as Elvis
Presley, Marilyn Monroe, Michael Jackson and Shashi
Kapoor were to their people. These icons shaped the
minds, thinking, lifestyles etc. of the society. Ironically,
these icons (the first four) died the same way- by sudden tragic death.
-SighsNow, do you think entertainment business and icons
were there for mere profit making and fun?
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