GETTING TO KNOW CHULALONGKORN UNIVERSITY
Transcription
GETTING TO KNOW CHULALONGKORN UNIVERSITY
0 Contents GETTING TO KNOW CHULALONGKORN UNIVERSITY.......................................... 2 THE OFFICE OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS .......................................................... 5 CU REGULATIONS, PRINCIPLES AND ANNOUNCEMENTS .................................. 6 STUDENTS’ ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ........................................................ 6 COURSES OFFERED ................................................................................................ 6 ACADEMIC CALENDAR ........................................................................................... 6 EXPENSES ................................................................................................................ 7 GRADING AND EXAMINATIONS .............................................................................. 8 REGISTRATION ........................................................................................................ 8 INTERNATIONAL ID CARD....................................................................................... 9 UNDERGRADUATE STUDENT UNIFORM................................................................ 9 VISA MATTERS ....................................................................................................... 10 ACCOMMODATION ................................................................................................ 14 CU IMPORTANT PLACES ....................................................................................... 14 CENTER OF ACADEMIC RESOURCES (CENTRAL LIBRARY) ................... 14 CU AUDITORIUM .................................................................................... 16 SERVICES AND FACILITIES .................................................................................. 17 CU BOOK SHOP..................................................................................... 17 HEALTH SERVICE CENTER .................................................................... 17 CU COOPERATIVE STORE ..................................................................... 18 CONSULTANCY SERVICE FOR STUDENTS AND STUDENT DEVELOPMENT ............................................................................................................... 19 SPORTS FACILITIES ............................................................................... 19 STUDENT ACTIVITIES ............................................................................................ 23 STUDENT CLUBS ................................................................................................... 24 GETTING TO KNOW THAILAND ............................................................................ 26 THAI CULTURE ....................................................................................................... 35 MISCELLANEOUS .................................................................................................. 35 THAI PUBLIC HOLIDAYS........................................................................................ 36 SOME HELPFUL BASIC WORDS AND PHRASES................................................. 37 REFERENCES ......................................................................................................... 37 1 GETTING TO KNOW CHULALONGKORN UNIVERSITY Chulalongkorn University, the Kingdom’s first public university, was established in 1917 by His Majesty King Vajiravudh (Rama VI); the University was named after the King’s father, His Majesty King Chulalongkorn (Rama V). The University extends over a 456-acre tract of land granted by its founder. In the succeeding years, Chulalongkorn University, or “Chula” for short, has grown to become a comprehensive university, which offers over 500 programs in almost all areas of study. 2 The University’s numerous programs, including nearly 90 international programs, cover all fields of study, both traditional academic disciplines and interdisciplinary studies. The present enrollment is approximately 40,000 students, 2/3 is undergraduate students and 1/3 is graduate students. Chulalongkorn University comprises of 19 Faculties - Arts - Architecture - Allied Health Sciences - Commerce and Accountancy - Communication Arts - Dentistry - Economics - Education - Engineering - Fine and Applied Arts Law Medicine Nursing Pharmaceutical Sciences Political Science Psychology Science Sport Sciences Veterinary Science 1 School - The Graduate School 3 Colleges - Petroleum and Petrochemical - Population Studies - Public Health Sciences 2 Institutes - Sasin Graduate Institute of Business Administration - Language Institute 2 Affiliated Institutes - Nursing College of the Thai Red Cross - Police Nursing College 9 Research Institutes, 20 Academic Institutes/Centers and 133 Research Centers which include 24 Centers of Excellence and 109 Research Units. 3 The Phra Kieo: which is a traditional Thai coronet worn by younger members of the royal family, is the emblem of Chulalongkorn University. It was King Chulalongkorn’s royal insignia. The Color Pink: The color Pink is the color of Chulalongkorn University because it is the symbolic color of Tuesday, the day of King Chulalongkorn’s birth. 4 THE OFFICE OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS The mission of the Office of International Affairs is to promote international relations through emphasizing cooperative activities, academic exchanges with international institutions and academic services to the international community in order to establish Chulalongkorn University as a gateway to regional and international venues. The Office of International Affairs was also set up (1) to foster academic readiness among personnel and students enabling them to keep abreast of academic developments and communicate effectively at an international level and (2) to restructure the work in international relations so as to accommodate activities for faculty members and international students attending classes at Chulalongkorn University. The Office of International Affairs provides the following general services: 1. Publicizing international exchange scholarships to CU students; 2. Serving as the coordinator for CU students’ applications, selection and preparation to study at foreign universities which have academic and cooperative agreements with Chulalongkorn University; 3. Accepting applicants from foreign countries, providing assistance for their well-being, and disseminating relevant information to foreign students. 4. Promoting student exchange programs with partner universities under academic-exchange agreements and arranging student exchanges with partner universities; 5. Organizing cultural and social activities for international and exchange students at Chulalongkorn University; and 6. Serving as an educational consultant for CU students who wish to further their studies aboard. The Office of International Affairs also provides the following services for international students: 1. Issuing request letters for visa applications, visa-type changes and visa extensions; 2. Assisting international students with their entrance registration; 3. Organizing an orientation for international students before the first semester begins; and 4. Providing other consultancy services. ﹡ University-level Exchange Students (University level) can request airport pick-up by notifying the Office of International Affairs at least one week in advance via e-mail. Arriving during office hours (8:00 a.m. – 4:00 p.m., Monday through Friday) is preferable. ﹡ If students cannot manage to arrive during the office hours, they must use public transport, e.g., taxi, bus, train, etc. 5 CU REGULATIONS, PRINCIPLES AND ANNOUNCEMENTS The Chulalongkorn University Assembly has produced this handbook so that all students may fully understand the requirements while on campus. International students may obtain an English version of the Handbook from the Office of International Affairs. STUDENTS’ ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES International students represent not only their own country but also Chulalongkorn University. Therefore, they should not do anything or participate in any activities that suggest their failure to abide by Thai law and regulations, morality or established Thai culture. It is vital for international students to observe the university’s rules and regulations and bring prestige to Chulalongkorn University, their home country and themselves. COURSES OFFERED For regular programs: http://www.academic.chula.ac.th/search/search.asp For international programs: http://www.inter.chula.ac.th ACADEMIC CALENDAR Semester/ trimester Classes begin Midterm exam (if any) Final exam Semester system First Second Summer nd 2 week of Aug 2nd week of Jan 2nd week of Jun 1st week of Oct 1st week of Mar - 1st-2nd week of Dec 2nd-3rd week of May 3rd week of Jul Trimester system First Second Third 6 nd 2 week of Aug 2nd week of Dec 1st week of Apr Last week of Sep Last week of Jan Last week of May Last week of Nov Last week of Mar 3rd week of Jul EXPENSES Tuition Fees for International Students Group 1: The Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, Veterinary Science, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Allied Health Sciences, Engineering, Science, Architecture, Public Health, Communication Arts, Psychology, Nursing, Sports Science, and multidisciplinary field in; Environmental Management, Medical Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences, Dental Biomaterials Science, Human Sexuality, Pharmacology, Research for Health Development, Nanoscience and Technology, Environment Science and Physiology. Group 2: The Faculty of Commerce and Accountancy, Economics, Law, Arts, Political Science, Education, Fine and Applied Arts, Population Studies, and multidisciplinary field in; Agricultural Resources Administration, Logistics Management, Cultural Management, Maritime Administration, Korean Studies, Energy Technology and Management, Technopreneurship and Innovation Management, Fashion Business, Human and Social development, English as an International Language, European Studies, Russian Studies, Environment Development and Sustainability and Southeast Asian Studies. DEGREE STUDENT Undergraduate Level Group 1: 65,500 Baht/semester Group 2: 61,500 Baht/semester Summer: 36,750 Baht/semester Graduate Level Group 1: 86,500 Baht/semester Group 2: 80,000 Baht/semester Summer: 45,750 Baht/semester NON-DEGREE OR AUDITION STUDENT Undergraduate Level Group 1: 16,375 Baht/semester Group 2: 15,375 Baht/semester Summer: 9,187.50 Baht/semester Graduate Level Group 1: 43,250 Baht/semester Group 2: 40,000 Baht/semester Summer: 22,875 Baht/semester * Program Fees will vary according to the program. * Exchange student (University level) will be waived for the tuition and program fees. Living Costs Books: Approximately 5,000 Baht/semester Food and other expenses: ≥10,000 Baht/month (apart from room rent) (a meal is on average 50-100 Baht) Dormitory: ≈15,000 Baht/month (including electricity and water rates) * Exchange Rate: USD 1 = THB 30.00 (as of May 2013) 7 GRADING AND EXAMINATIONS A student, in order to be qualified to sit for an examination for any course, must attend no less than 80 percent of the total hours of study for that course. The evaluation of each course shall be coded into different gradings that have the following definition and attached points: Gradings A B+ B C+ C D+ D F I M P S U V W X Definition Excellent Very Good Good Fairly Good Fair Poor Very Poor Fail Incomplete Missing In Progress Satisfactory Unsatisfactory Visitor Withdrawn No report Attached Points 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 - REGISTRATION Notes on Registration 1. International Students should arrive, at least one week, prior to the registration date. 2. Upon arrival international students must contact their advisor as soon as possible in order to pick up the list of courses for which they have to register. 3. The Office of the Registrar, located on the second floor of Jamjuree 5 Building, is in charge of general student registration. 4. For incoming international students, faculty members or program officers normally handle initial registration. In the second semester, international students are encouraged to register online, by visiting the Office of the Registrar’s website (www.reg.chula.ac.th). Documents Required for Initial Registration 1. Passport and a photocopy of the passport 2. Four (4) identical photographs (3.5cm x 4.5cm) ** Please conform to Chulalongkorn University’s rules by having your photograph taken wearing a white shirt in front of a blue background. 3. Official academic transcript ** Both an original transcript and a photocopy are required. 4. Certificate of the Degree ( if applicable) NOTE: All documents must be in English or translated into English 8 INTERNATIONAL ID CARD All international students (who study, conduct research, pursue internship or work for more than 3 months) and faculty members are required to hold an international ID card which is authorized by the Office of International Affairs. Please contact your faculty or program coordinator in order to register in the database (http://mis.inter.chula.ac.th) For degree/ non-degree international students who register the courses for more than 1 semester, the Office of Registrar will issue a Student ID card. Please contact your faculty or program coordinator for further information. UNDERGRADUATE STUDENT UNIFORM International students who are registered at undergraduate level (in both regular and international programs) are requested to wear University uniform as follows: Female student’s uniform: a short-sleeved, white shirt, buttoned at the front with buttons embossed with the University’s emblem and bearing a ‘’Phra Kieo’’ pin on the right front at chest level, a navy blue or black knee-length skirt covering the knees; a brown suede belt with a buckle embossed with the University’s emblem. Male student’s uniform: a short or long sleeved, white shirt and navy blue or black trousers; a black leather belt with the buckle embossed with the University’s emblem; a University tie is required when attending University ceremonies. For both male and female students’ uniforms, slippers are strictly prohibited. University uniforms and accessories can be purchased at the CU cooperative store, Sala Phra Kieo branch or shopping areas nearby, such as MBK, Siam Center, etc. Prices are negotiable. 9 VISA MATTERS How to apply for a Visa As a general rule, any foreigner seeking entry into the Kingdom of Thailand for business, investment, study, medical treatment, mass media, religion, employment and other purposes is required to apply for a visa. Chulalongkorn University will issue a letter of admission and a letter of introduction for the international student to apply for a visa category ‘ED’ at the Embassy of Thailand in his/her home country. A non-immigrant “ED” visa must be obtained before students leave their home country. Students should hold a visa category ‘ED’ before entering the Kingdom of Thailand. Information on the location and the contact number of Thai Embassies and Consulates-General abroad can be obtained from the Visas and Travel Documents Division, the Department of Consular Affairs, The Ministry of Foreign Affairs at 123 Chaengwattana Road, Bangkok 10210, Tel. 0-2981-7171 ext. 3201-2, 3204-5 or direct line 0-2575-1062-4, Fax. 0-2575-1066, E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.thaiembassy.org What type is my visa? Non-Immigrant Visa: is the only visa for foreigners temporarily staying in the kingdom. There is no difference in the validity of the visa whether it is a sticker or a stamp. The visa type and class is clearly stated on the sticker or stamp, e.g. Non-Immigrant Visa Class B for Business, Class ED for Education and O for other purposes. Tourist Visa (TR): upon arrival, a stay of 60 days will be granted to anyone entering Thailand as a tourist. Tourist Visa Exemption (Phor30 (ผ.30) or Phor90 (ผ.90)): entering Thailand for tourism purposes and permitted to stay for 30 or 90 days. Visa on arrival: applying for a visa at the immigration checkpoint for tourism purposes not exceeding 15 days; extension of stay and changing visa type are not allowed. *Those who hold TR, Phor30 (ผ30), Phor90 (ผ90), must contact the program of their affiliation or the Office of International Affairs immediately to change the visa type. Misunderstanding about permission to stay!!! The date of validity indicates that the visa must be utilized by entering Thailand within the period. Holders will receive an initial stay of 90 days from the date of arrival. They are required to extend their permission to stay after 90 days of their arrival at the Immigration Bureau. Please check the validity of your visa and get it renewed before the expiry date. You are recommended to contact the program of your affiliation in order to request an extension letter before going to the Immigration Bureau. 10 What if my visa is going to expire? 1 month before your visa expires, please contact your program with your passport and educational evidence, to request a letter for an extension of stay. This process usually takes a week. Documents Required Application form (TM.7) Copy of the passport 1 passport photo (4 x 6 cm.) 1,900 Baht fee Letter for an extension of stay from CU Educational evidence (such as a copy of your transcript, the certificate of admission or a student ID card) NOTE: A fine of 500-Baht per day will be applied if a visa extension does not meet the expiry date deadline. How to change my visa type? Students who hold TR, Phor30 (ผ30), Phor90 (ผ90) need to contact their program along with their passport and educational evidence to request a letter for changing visa type. Documents required Application form (TM.86) Copy of the passport 1 passport photo (4 x 6 cm.) 2,000 Baht fee Request letter from CU Educational evidence NOTE: The Immigration Bureau requires at least 15 days for visa validation. Can I leave the country? Yes you can but your visa will be canceled automatically once you leave the Kingdom of Thailand unless you have contacted the Immigration Bureau to apply for a Re-Entry Permit before you leave. This process can apply at Immigration Bureau in Donmuang and Suvannabhumi Airport. Documents required Application form (TM.8) Copy of the passport 1 passport photo (4 x 6 cm.) 1,000 baht per a single / 3,800 baht per a multiple Re-Entry Permit 11 Leaving Bangkok International students who are traveling out of Bangkok for more than one day, whether upcountry or abroad, should, for personal safety and security reasons, notify faculty/program coordinator or the Office of International Affairs in advance. Students are advised to leave contact information so that they can be reached in case of emergency. 12 Immigration Bureau The Government Complex Commemorating His Majesty The King 2nd Floor, Building B, Chaengwattana Soi 7, Laksi, Bangkok Tel: 0-2141-9889 Fax: 0-2143-8228 Office hour: Mon-Fri 8:30 - 12.00 and 13.00 - 16:30 http://www.immigration.go.th 13 ACCOMMODATION On campus accommodation for international students, known as CU iHouse, is now under construction. It is expected to be completed in 2014. This 26 floor highrise with 846 unites is located between Chula Soi 16 and Chula Soi 20. CU IMPORTANT PLACES Center of Academic Resources (Central Library) The Center of Academic Resources is located in the Maha Theerarajanusorn Building. It consists of six units: the central library, the national document center, the audiovisual center, the international information resources service, the art gallery and the distance learning network (CU-GDLN). All six units provide services covering every form of information resource, i.e., books, periodicals, printed matter, databases, audiovisual materials and electronic materials. Students can also access the CU cyber zone on the second floor to search the Internet. International students also become members of Chulalongkorn University Library Network or CHULALINET following their entrance registration. They are entitled to make use of all the libraries in the Chulalongkorn University Library Network as well as to borrow library materials according to the library rules. Students automatically renew their membership when they register for a new semester. Undergraduate students can borrow up to seven books for two weeks. Master’s degree students can borrow up to ten books for two weeks. Doctoral degree students can borrow up to fifteen books for two weeks. A fine of three Baht is applied for every day that a book is returned late. 14 The service hours of the center are from 8.00 a.m. – 9.00 p.m. from Monday to Friday and 9.00 a.m. – 4.00 p.m. on Saturday. Students are also welcome to access the CU Digital Library to search for information resources at the center’s website http://www.car.chula.ac.th. Library Hours Monday – Friday Saturday Central Library 8.00 a.m.–9.00 p.m. 9.00 a.m.–4.00 p.m. Audio-Visual Center 8.00 a.m.–9.00 p.m. 9.00 a.m.–4.00 p.m. Thailand Information Center 8.00 a.m.–7.00 p.m. 9.00 a.m.–4.00 p.m. International Information Center 8.00 a.m.–7.00 p.m. 9.00 a.m.–4.00 p.m. Final Six Weeks of Each Semester 1st Floor nd 2 Floor rd th 3 – 6 Floor Monday-Friday 7.00 a.m.-0.00 a.m. Saturday 7.00 a.m.-0.00 a.m. Sunday 7.00 a.m.-0.00 a.m. (CU Students ONLY) Monday-Friday 8.00 a.m.-0.00 a.m. Saturday 9.00 a.m.-0.00 a.m. Sunday 7.00 a.m.-0.00 a.m. (CU Students ONLY) Monday-Saturday Normal library hours During the extended hours, the library is opened only to provide space for patrons to study their own material; no library services (checking in/out, reference services) are provided. On Sunday, the library reserves its service for CU students ONLY. For any queries regarding academic resources and services, please contact the Center of Academic Resources at 0-2218-2905. 15 CU Auditorium Chulalongkorn University’s auditorium was built in 1938 by order of Field Marshal P. Pibulsonggram, the Prime Minister of Thailand, to serve as the venue for the University’s the graduation ceremony, which was presided over by His Majesty The King. It was also the place where the King gave royal audiences to members of the Chula community and where he played the music for the Chula audience. This activity was later canceled when the King had to devote most of his time to helping his people to improve their livelihood. The auditorium, 25.60 meters long and 54.60 meters wide, is structured into two parts. The first part, the main structure, serves as the auditorium proper, and has a seating capacity of 1754—1279 on the ground floor and 475 in the balcony. The second part consists of a reception room on the raised ground floor and a conference room on the second floor. It has been renovated several times and fitted with an air-conditioning system and modern equipment, which includes an advanced sound system. The auditorium is the place where State visitors are officially welcomed and the venue for University ceremonies and significant events. The public/outside community is allowed to use it with prior permission from the University. 16 SERVICES AND FACILITIES CU Book Shop The CU Book Shop consists of three large, convenient and modern branches on campus: the first at Sala Phra Kieo (near the Faculty of Economics), the second at Siam Square (1st floor, the Wittayakit Building) and the third at Chamchuri Square (4th floor). The bookshops provide customers with a variety of books both in Thai and foreign languages, CD ROMs, magazines and other educational media. Students showing their student ID cards receive a 10% discount (except a certain items, e.g., magazines). Website: www.chulabook.com Sala Phra Kieo branch: Monday – Friday: 08:00 a.m. – 06:30 p.m. Saturday: 09:00 a.m. – 04:00 p.m. Siam Square branch: Monday – Friday: 09:00 a.m. – 08:00 p.m. Saturday – Sunday: 08:30 a.m. – 08:00 p.m. Chamchuri Square branch: Monday – Friday: 11:00 a.m. – 08:00 p.m. Saturday – Sunday: 10:30 a.m. – 08:00 p.m. Health Service Center The Health Service Center provides medical consultation and treatment for CU faculty members, students and employees. It has been in service for over twenty years. There is further supervised by doctors from Chulalongkorn Hospital everyday. Located on the 2nd floor of the Jamjuree 9 Building from 8.30 a.m. to 3.30 p.m., Monday through Friday (without lunch break). For more information: Tel: 0-2218-0568, Fax: 0-2218-0574 and www.cuhc.chula.ac.th Procedure for Obtaining of Services For students; show your student ID (the ID must have a student ID number and photograph on it – if the ID does not have a student ID number, students will not be able to receive health services free of charge). 2. For lecturers and staff; if you are insured as a group, show your group insurance card together with a photo ID. If the amount exceeds the specified amount you will be asked to pay the difference. If you do not have a group insurance policy you will be required to pay the full amount for the services received. 3. Show the ID card aforementioned at the Medical Records Section in order to obtain your medical record. 4. See a nurse for history taking and to have your pulse checked before meeting the physician. Note: For lab tests students can have tests free of charge only for Complete Blood Count (CBC) and Urinalysis as prescribed by the physician. Other than this, all payments for lab tests will be the responsibility of the student. 1. Procedure when a student or foreign patient is transferred for hospital treatment 17 The physician will transfer a patient to hospital in cases where more advanced treatment is needed or when the patient requires medication not available at the Health Service Center. The details are as follows: 1. Once a transfer form has been obtained from the physician it should be submitted to Chulalongkorn Hospital, the Red Cross Society or any other hospital depending on the availability of a physician to treat the patient as stipulated on the form. Patients are responsible for the payment themselves. 2. In cases where there is a health insurance policy one can still obtain a doctor’s certificate, attach it to the receipt and submit it to the company to claim compensation. There may be some companies that require that the physician fill out forms determined by the company and the patient will need to study his/her own details of health insurance policy each time it is used. CU Cooperative Store Established in 1946 and officially registered in 1960, the CU Cooperative store is patronized by teaching staff, students, other CU personnel, as well as by the general public. Its success has attracted groups of foreign visitors to come to view its operation. It is run by its members, headed by a twelve-member committee. Those eligible for membership are students, faculty members and other CU personnel. The store deals in student uniforms and consumer goods and provides a range of other services. The profits go back to the members as dividends or in the form of proposed activities and other preferential treatment. The remainder is used in the interest of the CU community and society at large. The main branch of CU Cooperative Store is located at Sala Phra Kieo; the second branch is on the ground floor of the Baromrajakumari Building, and the third one is at the CU dormitory. For more information, please call 0-2218-7032-4, 0-2252-7020, fax 0-2251-8648. 18 Sala Phra Kieo branch Monday – Friday: Saturday: 7:45 a.m. – 6:00 p.m. 9:00a.m. – 2:00 p.m. Baromrajakumari branch Monday – Friday: 7:45 a.m. – 5:00 p.m. CU Dormitory branch Monday – Friday: Saturday: Sunday: 7:00 a.m. – 10:00 p.m. 8:30 a.m. – 10:00 p.m. 8:30 a.m. – 9:00 p.m. Consultancy Service for Students and Student Development The University provides psychologists and psychiatrists for students who may face problems related to their studies, their adaptation to their environment or their family. This service is open according to the following schedule: Monday: 10:00 a.m. – 12:00 a.m. Tuesday: 10:00 a.m. – 12:00 a.m., 1:00 p.m. – 3:00 p.m. Wednesday: 10:00 a.m. – 12:00 a.m. Note: This schedule is subject to change without notice. The psychologists and psychiatrists meet students according to the above schedule at the Office of Student Relations, which is located on the third floor of the Chulachakrabongse Building (tel. 0-2218-7051). In addition, the University also offers personality development sessions of various types using group therapy making it possible for students to improve their personalities. For further information, please contact the Office of Student Relations. Sports Facilities Chulalongkorn University offers a number of sports facilities so that students and staff may maintain good health. The sports facilities include: Chulalongkorn Stadium – This standard outdoor stadium, with 25,000 max. seating capacity, is ideal for football, hockey, rugby, and other outdoor sports. There are synthetic turf and 8 lane synthetic tracks; Sports Library is also available. Indoor Sports Gymnasium 1 – This gymnasium is housed in a MultiPurpose Building. Facilities for sports, such as sepak takraw, volleyball, basketball, table tennis, badminton, judo, boxing, gymnastics etc, are available. Indoor Sports Gymnasium 2 – There are 4 badminton courts. 1-hour booking in advance at the court is required. 19 Tennis Courts 1 – There are 10 tennis courts with full lighting; knock boards for self-practice are also available. Tennis Courts 2. There are 4 tennis courts with full lighting. Futsal Field – There are 2 futsal fields with full lighting, located near the Faculty of Sport Science. Golf – There are 1 pitch course in back of and 1 putt course in front of Indoor Sports Gymnasium 1. Beach Volleyball – A beach volleyball field is located in back of Indoor Sports Gymnasium 1 Swimming Pools – There are two swimming pools, one 25-meter and one 50-meter. 20 The 25-meter pool, just a short walk from the Indoor Sports Gymnasium 1, has six swimming lanes. The 50-meter pool, located on the M Floor, Sports Complex, has eight swimming lanes. Fitness and Body Training Facilities The Fitness Room, an air-conditioned gym, provides both singlestation and multi-station machines that can exercise all parts of the body. The Weight Training Room is fully equipped with barbells, weight lifting equipment, etc. The Physical Fitness Testing Room is also available for a variety of fitness testing machines for muscular fitness, blood circulation, lung capacity, fat percentage, etc. All is located on the 2nd Floor, Sports Complex. CU Sports Complex – The Multi-purposed building offers a variety of sports, exercise equipment, sport competition and student sport club as follows: 1st floor: Office/Meeting room/Badminton court M floor: Swimming Pool 2nd floor: Fitness center/Yoga room/Aerobic room 3rd floor: Indoor sport field (Boxing/Judo/Karate/Taekwando/Fencing) 4th floor: Volleyball field/Basketball field 5th floor: Meeting room/Reception room/Audience stadium 21 Fees for the use of sports facilities for students, faculty members, and CU personnel. Venue Telephone Number Locker Yearly rental rate 500 Baht per locker Semester rental rate 250 Baht per locker Daily rental rate 10 Baht per locker per day Key deposit Sport Equipment 30 Baht per locker per day Basketball, Volleyball, Sepak Takraw, Ping Pong, and others Free of charge Badminton racket 20 Baht per hour Tennis racket Other services 30 Baht per hour Shower with hot water Towel (rental rate) 10 Baht per 15 minutes 15 Baht Shampoo 4 Baht Soap 3 Baht Shampoo + Soap 6 Baht per set Towel + Shampoo + Soap 21 Baht per set International students and staff must show the ID Card in order to obtains services. For more information please contact: Customer Relations, CU Sports Center Sports Complex, 1st Floor Tel: 0-2218-2874-7, 0-2218-2848 www.cusc.chula.ac.th Mon-Fri: 8.00 a.m. – 7.00 p.m. Sat: 8.00 a.m. – 5.00 p.m. 22 STUDENT ACTIVITIES Chulalongkorn University is aware of its moral and social responsibilities. An important part of its educational program is devoted to general education. The aim is to emphasize the educated, well-rounded, aspect of graduates naturally and, at the same time, to instill in them a humanistic outlook. All the University’s syllabuses and pedagogical as well as extramural programs and activities have been designed to sharpen a sense of social justice and responsibility, as well as to hone the ability to meet community needs. The University does not claim to serve as a model of good conduct, nor does it pretend to have answers to all problems in moral, ethical, or social matters. However, by raising pertinent questions and demonstrating concern for such matters, Chulalongkorn renders a service to the nation as a whole. Here are some examples of CU student activities. Welcome Freshies Day is an initiation rite to welcome freshmen to be part of Chulalongkorn University. The highlight of this event is when the first-year students solemnly pledge their allegiance at the monument of King Rama V and King Rama VI. This revives the ‘’sacred’’ atmosphere of the ceremony that was formerly performed by the students of the Royal Page School. This event is usually attended by the University administrators, teachers, students and alumni. The Wai Kru Ceremony is a traditional Thai ceremony held once a year at the beginning of the first semester. Representatives of the first-year students (both undergraduates and graduates) from each faculty pay their respects to their teachers by presenting a tray of flowers, incense sticks and a candle to the President, who represents the faculty members. The University executives, faculty member and students participate in this annual event. 23 Loy Krathong Day, a festival marking the full moon night of the twelfth lunar month, allows students to express their creativity in order to keep the tradition alive by organizing a procession featuring colorful costumes and female students dressed in the traditional Thai attire to represent “Nang Nopamas,” a young maiden who symbolizes the festival. A welcoming party, International Night, is organized for international students, researchers, lecturers, etc. The event starts with the Bai Sri Su Kwan (Wrist Binding) ceremony, which is a ritual to invite the Kwan or the good spirit to welcome and protect the international guests or visitors. Afterwards, there are cultural performances and a feast of Thai and international food. STUDENT CLUBS There are more than forty student clubs at Chulalongkorn University. Student Academic Clubs Buddhism and Traditions Religious Studies Mind Study Creation and Design Debates, Public Speaking and Human Relations Student Sports Clubs Takraw (rattan ball game) Athletics Shooting Judo Boxing Aquatic Sports Volleyball Table Tennis Softball Tennis Jockey 24 Literary Club Foreign Relations CU Comp. AIESEC Football Fencing Badminton Rugby Basketball Bridge and Chess Petong Karate Tekwando Rhythmic Dance Student Clubs for Arts and Culture Thai Classical Music Chorus Photography Lanna Arts and Culture CU Band Thai Classical Dance and Dramatic Arts Northeastern Arts and Culture Traditional Thai Weapons and Martial Arts Students Clubs for Community Development and the Public Good Voluntary Work Camp for Students Hill Tribe Development Volunteers Conservation Blood Donation and Social Welfare CU Community Work Southern Students In addition, CU also recommends that their students join the English Club, which is supervised by teachers of the Language Institute. 25 GETTING TO KNOW THAILAND Name: Thailand (or Prathet Thai, in Thai meaning "land of the free") Head of State: H.M. King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX of the Chakri Dynasty) Capital: Bangkok (Krung Thep, meaning "the city of angels") Thailand is ruled by a constitutional monarchy with His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej, or King Rama IX, or the ninth king of the Chakri Dynasty, as the current Head of State. The King has reigned for more than half a century, making him the longest reigning Thai monarch. Thailand embraces a rich diversity of cultures and traditions. With its proud history, tropical climate and renowned hospitality, the Kingdom is a never-ending source of fascination and pleasure for international visitors. Geography: The Kingdom of Thailand lies in the heart of Southeast Asia, making it a natural gateway to Indochina, Myanmar and Southern China. It is divided into four geographical regions: mountains and forests in the North; vast rice fields in the Central Plains; semi-arid farm lands in the Northeastern plateau center; and tropical islands and the long coastline of the Southern Peninsula. The country consists of 77 provinces that are further divided into districts, sub-districts and villages. Bangkok is the capital city and the center of political, commercial, industrial and cultural activities. It is also the seat of Thailand's revered Royal Family, with His Majesty the King recognised as the Head of State, the Head of the Armed Forces, the Upholder of the Buddhist religion and the Upholder of all religions. Neighboring countries: 1) Myanmar - west and north, 2) Lao P.D.R. - north and northeast, 3) Cambodia - southeast and 4) Malaysia - south. 26 Area: 513,115 sq. km. Population: Thais are well-known for their friendliness and hospitality. A large majority of the over 62 million citizens of Thailand are ethic Thai, along with strong communities whose ethnic origins lie in China, India and elsewhere. About 7 million people reside in the capital city of Bangkok. People: Thai (80%), Chinese (10%), Malay (3%), and the rest are minorities (Mon, Khmer, hilltribes) Ethnic Thais form the majority, though the area has historically been a migratory crossroads, and has thus produced a degree of ethnic diversity. However, cultural and social integration has brought about unity of this diversity. Language: Spoken and written Thai can be incomprehensible to temporary visitors; however, English is widely understood, particularly in Bangkok where it is used as the means of communication with foreigners. English and some European Languages are spoken in most hotels, shops and restaurants in major tourist destinations and Thai-English road and street signs are found nationwide. The Monarchy: The Monarchy is regarded as the central unifying element in the triad of the nation, kingship and religion. The Thai people maintain a deep respect for their Royal Family, and a visitor should also be careful to show respect for the King, the Queen, and the Royal Children. Here is some advice: Avoid doing anything that is considered by the Thais as disrespectful to the monarchy; for example, criticizing or making sarcastic remarks about the Royal Family, damaging their images that are displayed in public places or failing to rise when the Royal or national anthem is played. Religion: Buddhism (95%), Muslim (4%), others (1%) 27 Government and Administration: Thailand has been ruled by a constitutional monarchy since 1932. The Parliament is composed of 2 houses, the House of Representatives and the Senate. Both representatives and senators are elected by the people. The Prime Minister elected from among the representatives leads the government. The country is divided into 77 provinces. The Bangkok Metropolitan Administration comes under an elected governor. Appointed provincial governors administer the other 77 provinces (Changwat), which are divided into districts (Amphoe), sub-districts (Tambon) and villages (Mu Ban). Thailand’s government structure has undergone gradual evolution in response to the changing environment. In spite of the preservation of the kingdom’s monarchical system, established over 700 years ago. Thailand have become one of Asia’s strongest democratic countries in a relatively short period of time. National Flag: The red, white and blue stripes symbolize the nation, the religion and the monarchy, respectively. Time: The time in Thailand is seven hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time (+7 hours GMT). Climate: Thailand enjoys a tropical climate with three distinct seasons--hot and dry from February to May (average temperature 34 degrees Celsius and 75% humidity); rainy with plenty of sunshine from June to October (average day temperature 29 degrees Celsius and 87% humidity); and cool from November to January (temperatures ranging from 32 degrees Celsius to below 20 degrees Celsius with a drop in humidity). Much lower temperatures are experienced in the North and the Northeast at night. The South has a tropical rainforest climate with temperatures averaging 28 degrees Celsius almost all year round. Electricity: The electric current is 220 volt AC (50 cycles) throughout the country. Plug adapter kits should be used with items, such as electric shavers, hair dryers, tape recorders and other appliances. Tap water: The tap water is clean but drinking directly from the tap should be avoided. Bottled water is recommended 28 Clothing: Light, cool clothes are sensible and a jacket is needed for formal activities/events. Shorts (except knee length shorts), sleeveless shirts, tank tops and other beach-style attire are considered inappropriate when not actually at the beach or in a resort area. Neat attire is required when entering temples or palaces. Weights & Measures: The metric system is used throughout Thailand. Numerals on vehicle speedometers, highway markers and speed limits are all metric. Business hours: Most private companies in Bangkok operate on a five-day week basis, usually from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Many stores are open seven days a week from 10 a.m. to 10 p.m. Government offices are generally open between 8.30 a.m. to 4.30 p.m. with a lunch break from noon to 1 p.m., Monday to Friday except on public holidays. Banks are open from Monday to Friday from 9.30 a.m. to 3.30 p.m. except on public holidays. Telephone Services: At present, home telephone numbers (for local calls and long distance calls within the country) have nine digits while mobile phone numbers have 10 digits. For Bangkok calls, the numbers is 0 2XXX XXXX. For provincial calls, an area code is added to the existing numbers. For example, the area code for Chiang Mai is 053 = 0 53XX XXXX; the area code for Phuket is 076 = 0 76XX XXXX. For mobile phones, 08 is added to the existing numbers, for an example, 08 XXXX XXXX. The new system has no effect on international phone calls. The international dialing code for Thailand is 66. When making international calls to Thailand, dial 66 and omit the leading 0. When making international calls from Thailand, first dial 001+country code+area code+telephone number. For calling Laos or Malaysia, there is a special code which is charged at a semi-domestic rate. When calling Laos, first dial 007+856+area code+telephone number. When calling Malaysia, first dial 09+06+area code+telephone number. Direct assistance: 1133 (local), 100 (international). Emergency Telephone Numbers Central Emergency (Police, Ambulance, Fire) : 191 Highway Patrol : 1193 Crime Suppression : 195 or 0-2513 3844 Tourist Police (English, French and German spoken) : 1155 Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT) Call Center : 1672 Immigration Bureau : 0-2287 3101-10 29 Transportations Buses: Inter-city bus services offer a fast means of transport to all corners of the country. Air-conditioned buses service many provincial areas and bookings for both regular and tour coaches (private companies) can be made through major hotels and travel agents, or at the following bus terminals: Northern Bus Terminal : Kampaengphet 2 Rd, Bangkok Tel: 0-2936-285266 ext. 614, 0-2936-3670 Eastern Bus Terminal : Sukhumvit Rd, Bangkok. Tel: 0-2391-6846, 02391-2504 Northeastern Bus Terminal : Kampaengphet 2 Rd, Bangkok Tel: 0-29362852-66 ext.605, 0-2936-0657 Southern Bus Terminal : Boromratchchonnani Rd, Bangkok Tel: 0-24351200, 0-2435-1199 Central Bus Terminal : Kampaengphet 2 Rd, Bangkok Tel: 0-2936-2841-8 ext.311, 0-2537-8055 The government bus company, called Bor Kor Sor (BKS), provides the cheapest mode of transportation for getting around Thailand. Buses are frequent and reliable and no advance booking is necessary. Both airconditioned buses and non-air-conditioned buses stop at almost every station along their route. Non-air-conditioned buses are the cheapest and the slowest. Trains: The State Railway of Thailand runs an efficient rail service linking Bangkok (Hua Lam Phong is the central train station) to the rest of the country at very reasonable prices for express, fast and ordinary trains. Limited western and southern routes out of Bangkok also operate from the Thon Buri Station, traveling to destinations as far as Kanchanaburi province in the west and Chumporn province in southern Thailand. On express trains, sleepers are available in three classes: first and second class (air-conditioned), and second class (non air-conditioned, but with fans). Advance tickets are available at all principal stations or the Bangkok Railway Advance Booking Office at Tel: 0-2220-4444 Taxis: Metered taxis are available 24 hours in Bangkok. The metered fare is standardized, with the flag down rate being 35 Baht for the first 2 km and around 5 Baht for each km thereafter. Passengers must pay tolls if using the expressways. Average fares in Bangkok are between 50-200 Baht. No tip is expected but it is a nice gesture. Tuk-Tuks: The colorful, three-wheeled, open-air "samlor" taxis are renowned for their ability to maneuver in the tightest spots, offering passengers an interesting ride. Accommodating two passengers (three or four at a squeeze), they are best for short trips during off-peak hours. Settle the fare BEFORE proceeding. Normally cheaper than metered taxis, the fare should never exceed 200 Baht per trip. 30 City Buses: Bangkok has an extensive bus service with routes serving every part of the city, providing an enjoyable and cheap way of exploring the city. There are both air-conditioned and non-air-conditioned vehicles. Types of Buses and Fares Type Regular bus Regular bus Expressway bus All-night service bus Air conditioned bus Bus Color Cream-Red White-Blue Cream-Red Cream-Red Cream-Blue EURO II bus Yellow-Orange Fare (Baht) Service Time 7 5 A.M. – 11 P.M. 8 5 A.M. – 11 P.M. 8.50 5 A.M. – 11 P.M. 8 11 P.M. – 5 A.M. 9 11 13 15 17 19 11 P.M. – 5 A.M. (depending on the distance) 12 14 16 18 20 22 5 A.M. – 11 P.M. (depending on the distance) The BTS SkyTrain system is a standard mass transit system commonly used in cosmopolitan cities. The SkyTrain runs on an elevated track, using a third-rail system to supply electricity, with in-bound and out-bound trains running on separate tracks and platforms. The BTS SkyTrain has changed the face of urban commuting and raised the standard of mass transit services with each train serving up to 1,000 passengers per journey compared to 800 vehicles on the roads transporting the same number of commuters. The BTS SkyTrain operates on two lines: The Sukhumvit Line, royally bestowed with the title 'Elevated Train in Commemoration of His Majesty the King's 6th Cycle Birthday, Route 1 (Sukhumvit Line), running 17 kilometers. On 12th August 2011, a 5.25 kilometer extension of the Sukhumvit Line commenced operations, expanding train services from On Nut to Bearing Station. 31 The Elevated Train in Commemoration of His Majesty the King's 6th Cycle Birthday, Route 2 (Silom Line) runs 6.5 kilometers and on 23rd August 2009, a 2.2 kilometer extension of the Silom. Line commenced operations, expanding train services from Saphan Taksin to Wongwian Yai station on the Thonburi side of the Chaophraya River. Currently the BTS SkyTrain lines run a combined length of 30.95 kilometers, connecting 30 stations. For more information, please visit www.bts.co.th Bangkok Subway: The subway runs from the city's main railway station, Hua Lamphong, under two major thoroughfares, Rama 4 Road and Ratchadaphisek Road. It has made a major contribution to attracting more visitors to Thailand and boosting the average length of stay in Bangkok by linking several hotels, shopping centers and business districts, as well as the Queen Sirikit National Convention Center. For more information, please visit www.bangkokmetro.co.th Microbus: The pinkish-violet air-conditioned microbuses share some of the popular routes of the city buses. The advantage is a flat rate of 10-25 Baht per person (depending on the routing distance) and that seats are guaranteed. Once all seats are occupied, the bus will not pick up more passengers until there is a vacancy. Motorcycle Taxis: Unique to Thailand, the motorcycle taxi emerged in response to needs for faster transportation during traffic jams and access to main roads from remote neighborhoods and deep soi (alleyways). Drivers wear colorful vests and fares are slightly higher than those of metered taxis. Fare should always be negotiated BEFORE proceeding. Thai law stipulates that helmets must be worn when using motorcycles on public roads. Be prepared for an adventurous ride. River Taxis: Taxis that are even more unusual, though equally convenient, are river taxis that ply the Chao Phraya River. Some ferry passengers across the river (3 Baht), while others run routes to various landings stages on both banks, going up as far as 32 the northern suburbs of Nonthaburi. The fares range from 30 Baht per person, depending on distance. Signs at the landing stages are posted in both Thai and English. Car Rental: If you want to experience driving in Bangkok, there are many car rental firms, including international rental companies, such as Hertz, Budget and Avis. The road system is good and well posted with signs written in English. An international driving license is required. Suvarnabhumi Airport: A new international airport, located 24 kilometres east of Bangkok, has been in operation since September 28, 2006. It has replaced the old overloaded airport at Don Muang and accommodates all international and most of the domestic flights to Bangkok. Travel to and from Suvarnabhumi Airport Car: There are 3 convenient routes to the airport. 1. Bangkok-Chon Buri Motorway (Highway No. 7) 2. Km.15 Bang Na - Trat Highway 3. Rom Klao Road Taxi and limousine services are available at the airport. Bus: The Bangkok Mass Transit Authority (BMTA) operates 7 city-bus routes to the airport. 1. Bang Kapi - Minburi - Suvarnabhumi 2. Happyland - Suvarnabhumi 3. Victory Monument - Suvarnabhumi (via Pratunam) 4. Rangsit - Suvarnabhumi 5. Onnut Skytrain Station - Suvarnabhumi (connecting skytrain routes) 6. Samut Prakan - Suvarnabhumi 7. Don Muang - Suvarnabhumi For more information: Suvarnabhumi Airport Call Center, Tel : 0-2132-1888 Flight Information : Tel : 0-2132-0000 33 Suvarnabhumi Airport Rail Link and the City Air Terminal aim to provide faster, move convenient and more flexible transportation service for passengers who wish to travel from downtown Bangkok to the airport. This Rail Link system provides service at the speed of 160 kilometers per hour on an elevated platform parallel with the eastern railway. It covers a distance of 28 kilometers, going through 8 stations, with passenger capacity of 14,000 to 50,000 per day per direction. Passengers who wish to go to Suvarnabhumi Airport have 2 choices of the service systems: The SA Express: This line provides transportation service between the Bangkok City Air Terminal (BCAT) from Makkasan to Suvarnabhumi Airport in 15 minutes. It stops only at Makkasan Station (the original terminal) and Suvarnabhumi Station (the end terminal). The service is from 06.00 a.m. - 12.00 p.m. The SA City Line: This line provides service between Phyathai Station to the end terminal at Suvarnabhumi Airport in 30 minutes. It stops at 6 stations along the way-Rajprarop Station, Makkasan Station, Ramkhamhaeng Station, Hua Mark Station, Thab Chang Station, and Lad Krabang Station. It covers a distance of 28 kilometers. 34 THAI CULTURE Social Customs: Thais don’t normally shake hands when they greet one another. Instead, they press their palms together in a prayer-like gesture, called a wai. Generally, a younger person wais someone older, who returns it. Public displays of affection between men and women may be frowned upon. Don’t be surprised if you are addressed by your first name - as for instance, Mr. Bob or Miss Mary - instead of by your surname. This is because Thais refer to one another in this manner, usually preceded by the honorific Khun (‘Mr.’, ‘Mrs.’ or ‘Miss’). Head: The head is considered by Thais to be the highest and thus the most revered part of the body. As a result, avoid touching anyone’s head especially that of an elderly person. Feet: In Thailand, the foot is the lowest part of the body. Do not point at people or things with your foot. When sitting, do not raise your feet to place them on a table. Remove your shoes when entering a house or certain building on the temple grounds. Hands: Avoid pointing your finger at other people. MISCELLANEOUS Medical services: Bangkok has several large hospitals with foreign and/or English speaking doctors and medical staff. If traveling outside Bangkok, you may find it difficult to get an Englishspeaking doctor unless you are in a large city. Drinking water: In general, the tap water is clean enough for daily use, but don’t drink it unless you can be sure that it has been boiled. Drinking water can be bought at any shop or street stall that sells refreshments. Customs clearance: Prohibited Items: All kinds of narcotics, obscene literature, pictures or articles. Firearms: Firearms and ammunition can be imported only after a permit has been obtained from the Police Department. Personal Effects: you may bring a reasonable number of items for personal use, toiletries and professional instruments into the country without being subject to duty. Cameras: One still-camera or one movie camera can be brought in without duty. 5 rolls of still-camera film or 3 rolls of 8 or 16 mm movie-camera film may be brought in subject to duty. 35 Plants and Animals: Certain kinds of fruit, vegetables and plants are prohibited. Permission for bringing animals into the country by air can be obtained at the airport. NOTE: Vaccination certificates are required for all animals. Vaccinations: There are NO vaccinations required before entering Thailand unless you are coming from an infected area in which case a medical certificate is required. Please check the latest regulations with your local health authority. Tipping: Tipping is not a usual practice in Thailand although it is becoming more common. Most hotels and restaurants add 10% if no service charge is added to the bill. Also taxi drivers do not require a tip, but if the traffic is bad or if they drive extremely carefully, they appreciate the gesture. Littering: In Bangkok, there is a strict law on littering. A fine of 2,000 Baht will be imposed on anyone who spits or litters in public areas. So please drop your garbage into a bin. THAI PUBLIC HOLIDAYS January 1 January/February April 6 April 13-15 May 1 May 5 May May/June July July August 12 October 23 December 5 December 10 December 31 36 New Year’s Day Makha Bucha Day Chakri Day Songkran Festival Labor Day Coronation Day Ploughing Ceremony Visakha Bucha Day Khao Phansa Day (Buddhist Lent) Asalha Bucha Day H.M. The Queen’s Birthday Chulalongkorn Day H.M. The King’s Birthday Constitution Day New Year’s Eve SOME HELPFUL BASIC WORDS AND PHRASES Thai is a tonal language with 5 tones: low, falling, high, rising and monotone. Even though English is generally understood in major cities such as Bangkok, you should try learning a few basics. You may make some mistakes but that’s all part of the fun and don’t worry-Thais will help you. Here are a few Thai basic greetings and phrases to try. Good morning, Good evening, Good afternoon, Good night, Hello, Good-bye sa-wat-dee Hello (male speaker) sawatdee krup Hello (female speaker) sawatdee kaa Yes chai No mai Mr./Miss/Mrs. khun How are you? sabai dee reu Fine thanks sabai dee Thank you kop koon Never mind mai pen rai I can't speak Thai phoot Thai mai dai I don't understand mai kao chai Do you understand? kao chai mai May I take a photograph? tai ruup dai mai Where is the rest room? hong nam yoo tee nai I am going to.. chan-cha-pai.. No, I won't go chan-mai-pai Please drive slowly prot-khap-cha-cha Be careful ra-wang Turn to the right liao-khwa Turn to the left liao-sai Drive straight on khap-trong-pai Slow down cha-cha Stop yut How much does this cost? nee tao-rai What is this? nee arai Very expensive paeng maag Any discount? lot-ra-kha-dai-mai Please wrap it for me. ho-hai-duai The bill please gep taang Please speak slowly prot-phut-cha-cha Very Good di-mak Not Good mai-di Good-bye la gon See you again laew phob gan mai Good luck kor hai chok dee Sorry/excuse me kor thoad สวัสดี สวัสดีครับ สวัสดีค่ะ ใช่ ไม่ คุณ สบายดีหรือ สบายดี ขอบคุณ ไม่เป็นไร พูดไทยไม่ได้ ไม่เข้าใจ เข้าใจไหม ถ่ายรูปได้ไหม ห้องน้าอยูท ่ ี่ไหน ฉันจะไป ฉันไม่ไป โปรดขับช้าๆ ระวัง เลียวขวา เลียวซ้าย ขับตรงไป ช้าๆ หยุด นี่เท่าไหร่ นี่อะไร แพงมาก ลดราคาได้ไหม ห่อให้ด้วย เก็บตังค์ โปรดพูดช้าๆ ดีมาก ไม่ดี ลาก่อน แล้วพบกันใหม่ ขอให้โชคดี ขอโทษ REFERENCES Electronic Resources: http://www.tourismthailand.org 37 38