Oilseeds on the Bosphorus - staging.files.cms.plus.com

1260
WORLD CONFERENCE
Istanbul conference
attracts 700+
to discuss fats and oils.
Oilseeds
on the
Bosphorus
Pproximately
700 persons
gathered in historic Istanbul.
Turkey, from Oct. 6-10, 1996.
to share their knowledge
about
oilseeds. fats, and oils during the
World Conference and Exhibition on
Oilseed and Edible Oils Processing.
There were frequent references to
that ancient city's literal and figurative
role as a bridge between Europe and
Asia; aided by modern international
jetliners.
rhat figurative
bridge
stretched to 57 nations for this meeting. The meeting recorded approximately 520 technical registrants, and
approximately 190 exhibit personnel.
spouse/guest, media and other registrants. The technical registration total
includes
some individuals
who,
toward the end of the conference, registered for two single days as a less
expensive alternative to registering for
the full week.
It was the first time in the two
decades that AOCS has held such conferences in Europe, Asia and North
America that Azerbaijan. Kazakhstan.
A
INFORM. Vol. 7, no. 12 (Oecember
1996)
VIew
acKIU
the
ao.pnorus
Ukraine, and Uzbekistan had been
listed in the roster of nations represented at the meeting. There were 18
nations with 10 or more residents
attending, while Bahrain, Lebanon,
Mexico, Sudan, Oman, and Uzbekistan had one registrant each.
Those international
delegates
attended sessions in Istanbul's fivestar Swiss6tel, but once they stepped
outside they became immersed in
history. The hotel overlooks
the
Bosphorus, the waterway between the
Black Sea and Sea of Marmara that is
the traditional shipping route for Russian and Central Asian nations 10
reach the Mediterranean
Sea. An
evening dinner cruise up the Bosphorus brought delegates within viewing
distance of the Black Sea. Looking
across the Golden Hom, an inlet that
divides the European pan of Istanbul,
participants could see the Suhanahmet
Camii, known better to visitors as The
Blue Mosque (buill during the early
seventeenth century), and SI. Sophia,
a sixth-century Byzantine basilica that
from the
top of Istllnbul'sSwlsa6tel
now is a museum. Both stand close to
the area where Turkish tradition says a
Greek wanderer Byzas established a
settlement 27 centuries ago.
The geographical diversity of registrants combined with program diversity to create a unique AOeS world
conference. Rather than limit the program to invited papers only, General
Chairperson Sera Koseoglu accepted
volunteer lecture and poster presentations. That innovation gave conference
participants
an option to listen to
reports on original research. The
accompanying
exposition included
more than 50 organizations-presenting information about equipment, supplies and services offered to the industry-providing
another source of
information. The poster presentations
apparently were especially useful for
registrants who were unsure of their
English, but could communicate oneon-one with the poster paper authors.
A virtually constant stream of visitors
paraded through the poster room all
four days of the conference. In all,
1261
Upper lett: Olgl1lt.rle. Iwalt .t.rt 01 opel1ll1gceremOl1le.at the WorldCOilfef'enctl111<I
ExhIbition011 OIlMld Illd Edible0111Procel.ll1g. Upper right:
Ragi.ltlil1tl pick up their CoofftnollceII'IIterial.011the opeoil1gdey of the
WorldContef'llOCfl
111<1
Exhlbltiol1on 01l5ee<l111<1
Edible0111Procel.ll1g.
Lo_r tett: Cto.ll1gceremol1Ylpelker Owall1LiI1Qeofener(lett)t.tkl with Glbrlel Kouthol1,who moderated the clo.ll1g eeeesoo.
Ullgeoleiter I. deputy premktrtor SaskatcheWal1Province 111 Call1da; Kouthon II wIth the Ul1ltedNatlol1.Food al1dAgricunure
Orv-l1lutlon (FAD)111 Rome, Italy. Lowerright:
Partlclpal1ts111 opening ceremooles Illcluded,trem
left, AOCSprellOent Arl10CaM, techl1lcalprogram
chairperson K.C.Rh.. , poster .... 1011 chalrpefllon
RIchardWllsol1,Illd Europeal1chalrpersol1Roger
Lrt-·
there were more than 100 papers presented during
the week. local
chairperson
Taskin Tuglular noted in his
comments during the opening
ceremonies. Tuglular heads the
Vegetable Oils
T.Tugluiar
& Fats Industrialists Association in Turkey. which
was a prime organizer of the conference along with the AOCS.
During opening ceremonies. Dr.
Erkal Sahtiyanci. undersecretary
to
Yalim Erez. industry and trade minister of Turkey, read a talk prepared for
delivery by Mr. Erez. Those comments
noted that Turkey is a bridge not only
between Europe and Asia, but also
between the Middle East and Central
Asia. making il a key factor "for technology transfer and marketing."
Tuglular read a cable from Turkish
Prime Minister Necmeuin Erbakan
saying that the prime minister was
unable to visit the conference because
he was out of the country at the time,
but asking Tuglular to convey "my
best respects" 10 those participating.
The opening keynote speech by Dr.
Tosum Ten.ioglu, head of the Scientific and Technical Research Council of
Turkey. developed a theme that necessity may be the mother not only of
invention but also of applied research.
That theme was echoed in the closing
keynote talk by Dwain Lingenfelter.
[continued on f1agt! 1264)
INFORM, Vol. l.ne.
12 (December
1996)
1264
WORLD CONFERENCE
(continued/rom po8~ 126l)
deputy premier and minister of economic development for the Canadian
province of Saskatchewan, who told
registrants that "we must find ways 10
commercialize university research 10
meet demands of coming generations," Saskatchewan's governmental
and private sectors have worked to
develop an extensive research and
development
capability
directed
toward applied research thai will benefit consumers and industry. he said.
Tenioglu described the development
of modem research in Turkey over the
past 60 years, including how the end
of protective tariffs and efforts to
expand export trading meant Turkey's
industrialists
turned 10 improved
applied research and development
programs in order to be competitive
domestically and internationally.
Here's a small sampling of what
some speakers told conference participants on nutrition, biotechnology. and
antioxidants:
• Unilever's
One Korver, discussing nutritional aspects of dietary
fats. noted that consumers trying to
reduce dietary fat often cut the "visible" fats-those
in such products as
cooking
oils, salad oils,
margarines-but
do not cut "invisible"
fats, those derived from meat, dairy,
and other products. The "invisible"
fats often have a higher proportion of
saturated fat than do "visible" fats.
with the result that the dieter skews
his or her ratio of calories
from
dietary fat toward saturated fats (see
article. page 1277).
• Widespread
application
of
enzymes in edible oil milling appears
unlikely until research finds ways to
produce less expensive, more stable
FOf lnformaHon circle .122
INFORM. \til. 7. no. 12 (December
1996)
and more selective enzymes, L.H.
Wesdorp of Unilever's Vlaardingen
research facility told delegates. The
one exception is olive oil, whose processing usually involves an aqueous
step that provides the water milieu
thai enzymes need. Unilever and Novo
both have commercialized
enzymes
for use in processing olive oil (see
article, page 1278).
• Discussing work trying to find
out if unfermented grape juice could
produce effects similar to the oft-discussed
"French
paradox,"
T.R.
Watkins
of the Jordan
Hearl
Research Foundation.
in a session
concerning
antioxidants,
said the
work found white grape juice was
more effective than red grape juice at
reducing platelet aggregation (when
challenged with collagen). What's
(continued on page 1267)
1267
WORLD CONFERENCE
icominued from page 1264)
the difference between white and red
grape juice?
Watkins
reported
research
had determined
that
quercetin,
a flavonoid pigment, is
more prevalent in white than red (see
article. page 1279). Quercetin has
been used to treat abnormal capillary
fragility.
Gabriel Kouthon of the United
Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization (FAa) presided during the
closing ceremonies. expressing the
hope that participants had acquired
practical information to use on their
return home as well as enjoyed their
stay in Istanbul.
Postconference
tours
to the
Unilever refinery in Besiktas and to
the Besler refinery in Pendik drew 26
and 28 participants, respectively.
Lldl .. v Col.row (standing). of the NutU R.... rch C&nter In Switzerland,
dlKUSIMS his postet" j)f"elMf'ltatlon on the UM of planar chromatography to
qu.ntlfy phosphOlipid hydroperoxldes In meat .nd flsh, with Claude Legar of
the uboratolr.
de Blologla al Blochlmla des Lipldes, lacu"' de Medicine, In
Montpeillar, Franca.
Posters offered from 21 nations
The [otlowing report Oil the poster
sessions held during the world conference in Istanbul was written by
R. F. Wi/son, USDA-ARS at North
Carolina
State University,
who
served as co-chairperson of the sessions with Huriye Wetherill of La/ecan Food and Nutrition Consultants
in Istanbul.
Attendance at the World Conference
and Exhibition on Oilseed and Edible Oils Processing reflected a high
regard for the programs organized by
our colleagues in oilseed research
around the globe. This also was evident in the 48 poster presentations
during the conference. Authorship of
these contributions
represented
21
nations, with 40% coming from eight
Western European countries.
20%
from three CentrallEastem European
countries,
15% from four Middle
Eastern and African nations. 13%
from three Asian and Pacific Basin
countries. and 12% from North and
South America.
The quality of research presented
in the four sessions drew a steady
stream
of technical
registrants
throughout each day of the conference. The authors are to be commended for the excellence of their
research, and their stamina in spending a full day at their posters for discussions
with their colleagues.
Although many of the presentations
will appear in the conference pro-
ceedings, the following summaries
discuss materials presented in the
areas of biotechnology. edible applications, analytical chemistry, health
and nutrition. lipid oxidation, processing, and proteins.
If there had been a theme for the
poster presentations,
it would have
emphasized
product
quality.
A
number of new methods were discussed for predicting SFI (solid fat
index) in margarine, use of principal
component
analysis to determine
adulteration in oils. and the level of
trans isomers in finished products.
Models also were offered for predicting the kinetics of product formation
in interesterification
reactions. as
well as improved lipase-catalyzed
production
of free fatty acids for
nonfood applications. However, the
Turkish Delight (a confectionery
ubiquitous throughout Istanbul) of
the first session were the papers
dealing
with chocolate.
These
included formulation of melt-away
chocolate products for the tropics
and a new tempering method that
yields high-quality products with stable fat-bloom while eliminating several steps in the precrystallization
process.
The lipid oxidation session featured presentations on the efficacy of
natural and synthetic antioxidants in
the stability of olive, sunflower. com.
cottonseed, peanut and brazil nut oils:
detailed evaluation of oxidation kinetics at high temperatures;
and early
detection of elusive primary oxidation
products based on the concentration of
phospholipid hydroperoxides in foods.
In addition, a comprehensive investigation showed a beneficial effect of
phenolic compounds from red wines
on blood chemistry. No effect was
reponed on total cholesterol. triglycendes. phospholipids, Apo B. or A I in
plasma. but high concentrations
of
vitamin E were associated with lowered low-density lipoprotein (LOL).
As reponed, consumption of one liter
of red wine per day provides 30-40
mg vitamin E. We can drink to that!
In the processing
sessions.
research was disclosed on improved
extraction, degumming, refining. and
(continued 011 page 1269)
INFORM. Vol. 7, no. 12 (December 1996)
1269
WORLD CONFERENCE
[continuedfrom page 1267)
deodorization technologies. Innovations in deodorization processes
ranged from discussion of conditions
for minimizing formation of trans
isomers to optimizing recovery of
vitamin E and sterols from vegetable
oils. The latter paper presented
industry information on the process
and the composition of various
oilseeds that is hard to find in the literature. Papers on degumming also
received considerable attention. In
that regard, presentations covered a
modified water degumming process,
cross-flow membrane-based microfiltration technology which alleviated the problem of flooding, and a
cost-effective process for producing
crude oils with low levels of nonhydratable phosphatides, P, Fe, Ca, and
Mg. Advances in the application of
silica hydrogel products to replace
bleaching clays for removal of
chlorophyll, soaps, phospholipids,
and trace metals also were revealed.
Production of high-quality protein
meals was the main topic of the final
session. A relatively simple commercial-scale method for separation of
sunflower hulls to produce a 70% protein meal with 80%+ recovery drew
considerable attention. Other papers
presented data on isolate production
from cottonseed. soybean. sunflower.
and apricot, apple, and peach kernels.
These presentations were supported
by a number of nutritional studies on
essential amino acid supplementation
of swine and poultry feeds. Only a
few papers dealt with nonfood applications, bot among these was a rather
interesting report on production of
high-valued CIO-CJ4 esters by thermal cracking for use in lubricants and
detergents.
All in all, the poster sessions made
a significant contribution to the conference program, and publication of
these manuscripts in the proceedings
will provide an expanded forum to
showcase the quality research conducted by our colleagues abroad. But.
there are many human aspects of a
meeting like this that make AOCS
World Conferences a special event
for all who attend. We quickly realize
that, regardless of native language,
we all belong to the same professional family.
The opportuntry to gather together
and share accomplishments, as we did
in Istanbul, builds friendships that
endure. It's a win-win situation for
everyone.
for Information circle fll0
INFORM. Voi. 7. no. 12 (December 1996)
1270
WORLD CONFERENCE
The conference cruise
along the Bosphorus
nears the Ortakoy
Mosque near
the Bosphorus Bridge.
Cruising the Bospborus and history
World conference participants cruised
past thousands of years of history during an evening dinner voyage along
the strategic 3D-kilometer (19-mile)
Bosphorus Strait that divides Istanbul
and separates Asia from Europe.
A total of 242 persons on two tour
vessels began their trip just south of
Dclmababce Palace, constructed in
1853 and the last palace built by the
Ottoman Rulers. It later was used as a
residence by Kemal Attaturk, founder
of the modem Turkish Republic, who
died at the palace on Nov. 10, 1938.
An instrumental
trio provided
music on each boat, and on the smaller vessel, 13 Ukrainian participants
provided their own entertainment by
linking arms and forming a choral
group to entertain their co-passengers.
Among the sites visible along the
strait were the Orakoy Mosque, near
the Bogazici Bridge. also called the
Bosphorus Bridge, completed in 1973
and the firth-longest
suspension
bridge in the world.
The dinner cruise continued past
Faith Sultan Mehmct Bridge, which,
Cool evening temper.tu,...
motlv.ted most cruise participants
dflek to the enclosed, end wenner, lower level.
INFORM. VOl. 7. no. 12 (December 1996)
to move ott tn. upper
at \,190 meters, is the third-longest
suspension bridge in the world (the
Verranzano Narrows Bridge in New
York and Golden Gate Bridge in San
Francisco are longer at 1,298 and
1.280 meters, respectively).
The
cruise continued a bit farther, providing conference participants
with a
glimpse of the entrance to the Black
Sea, which borders on Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania, the Ukraine, Russia,
and Georgia.
On the way back, the boats passed
near Rumeli Hisari, the name for both
a town and the historic fortress that
dominates the shoreline. The fortress
was built in about two months by
Mehmet II in 1852 as part of his military campaign
to conquer
Constantinople, which he did the following year.
Nightfall had darkened the skies
for the return trip. On the hills above,
lights glittered through the trees as the
vessels headed back to Istanbul. One
participant said the hills along the
Bosphorus resembled the hillsides of
the southern French coast. As the
boats neared their dock, they slipped
past the brightly lit Curagan Palace,
now a convention center.
The boats reached the dod. just
south of the Dotmababce
Palace
approximately
two hours after the
cruise began.
1272
WORLD CONFERENCE
Unichema invited some
conference participants
to participate in an early
evening cruise
on Monday.
Exhibitors report strong response
Commercial technology transfer was
the goal of most organizations participating in the exposition during the
conference in Istanbul. and for some
the transfers were occurring sooner
than later.
Oxford Instruments was introducing its MQA 6005 pulsed magnetic
resonance unit for rapid determination
of oil and moisture content in oil-bearing materials. The display instrument
was sold within 24 hours of reaching
the exhibit booth to a firm thai will
use it to measure oil content in olives.
The unit uses 45 or ISO ml, samples,
providing a readout in as little as 16
seconds.
Across the aisle, the Novo Nordisk
representatives were busy discussing
their finn's Olivex enzyme for ease of
refining olive oil. Natural enzymes in
olives help break down ce11 walls to
free oil, and addition of manufactured
enzymes helps speed the process,
Novo's literature explained. Enzymic
extraction has produced higher oil
yield, oils that receive improved ratings from trained taste panels, and oils
registering improved stability, according to Novo's repon.
The Mediterranean
area is the
world's major olive-producing region,
and several exhibitors, whose names
are common in the western industrialINFORM. Vol. 7. no. 12 (December 1996)
ized oilseed and oil processing industries, said they were meeting potential
new customers.
Grace GmbH, which produces the
TriSyl lines of refining aids, had
received far more serious inquiries
than had been anticipated: the booth
had only one customer inquiry form
left after the first two and a half days
of the show. with another full day left
in the exhibit. Grace was featuring its
traditional
line of processing aids
designed to improve refinery economics by improving removal of oil
impurities during the refining process.
Damman-Crees N.V" which manufactures and sells grinders. flukers.
crushers, crackers, and other equipment, similarly said visitors from
Turkey and other nations in the region
had exceeded expectations. creating "a
lot of work-a lot of work" to be done
the week after the show in following
up on contacts.
At the Tintometer exhibit, representatives said one visitor had asked
about buying the three-color measuring devices on display, with discussions reaching the point where credit
card numbers were being provided to
speed payment so that the visitor
could take the devices when the exhibit ended. Tintometer displayed its PFX
190 series unit. along with other units.
some incorporating improvements to
the operational ease of older models.
Paperwork complications prevented a
transfer of ownership by the time the
exhibit ended, but the Tintometer representatives knew the finn would soon
be shipping equipment.
For Alfa Laval, the Istanbul show
provided an opportunity to showcase
its new "SoftColumn deodorizer." An
article about the unit appears in this
issue of INFORM. Although various
portions of the technology involved in
the packed-column deodorizer have
been fitted into existing deodorization
systems, the first full installation of
the device was at the Edime Vag facility in Edime, Turkey; the second unit
is with the Onog i organization
in
Korea. The Edime unit had been operational for one month at the time of
the conference, and Alfa Laval representatives
said they had received
favorable feedback from plant operators. Alfa Laval organized tours during the week for about 140 conference
participants to visit the plant. Processing oil rapidly under the milder conditions of the "SofrColumn" unit provides oil of improved quality-with
higher retention of tocopherol and
other natural
antioxidants-and
(continued on page 1275)
1275
WORLD CONFERENCE
Jarld Nilston
and Hans Erlenon
Spits 01 UnlleverUM slghtgla....
front to back), both of Karlshamn. AB, and A.J.
to view the steam distillation process.t the Edlrne Vag
(from
reflnery, All. Laval arranged ...,....1 vI.lts to the plant during the week for approximately
140 peBOIls. TlMIreflnery, which proee.5e. 250 tons pel" day of .unflower 011,1. the flrst
to u.. AlIa Laval'. SoltColumn deodorizer.
(continutdfrom page 1272)
improves operating efficiency, Alfa
Laval representatives said. The firm
also displayed its PX Separators.
The emphasis on simpler maintenance with fewer moving parts that
Alfa Laval was discussing for its new
deodorizer was echoed at the French
Oil Mill Machinery Co, booth. There
a model of French's new REFLEX
(Reliable French Low-Energy Extractor) was on display with signs and literature calling attention to the reduced
number of moving parts-which
translates into reduced maintenance.
A REFLEX unit installed during 1995
at Destrehan, Louisiana, for Bunge
operated for one year without being
opened for maintenance.
Including
upgrading of seven older extractor
units for a major international processing firm, there are about 20
REFLEX units installed. What may be
the world's largest extractor-18.6
meters in diameter and 16 meters
high-is
being completed at Rosario
and will have a capacity of about
8,000 metric tons of soy pellets a day.
Its completion will give the Louis
Dreyfus processing facility there the
capacity to handle 12,000 metric tons
per day of soy pellets.
Not all the exhibitors were commercial operations.
The American
Soybean Association and the Palm Oil
Research Institute of Malaysia had delegations on hand to answer questions
about their respective commodities.
For the soybean boosters, information
was being provided on virtually all the
myriad uses for soybeans and the oil
and protein products produced from
soy. The ASA. an organization of U.S.
soybean growers, and the United Soybean Board, which administers grower
contributions to soy research and marketing, were major participants in a
meeting at Brussels. Belgium, a few
weeks earlier at which health benefits
of dietary soy protein had been the featured topic. The palm oil boosters were
providing information on how blending palm oil with indigenous oils in
various parts of the world could provide edible oil products tailored for
specific applications.
Another organizational exhibitor
was CETIOM, the French Technical
Center for Oilseeds in Pessec. France.
CETIOM not only works on processing of fats and oils but also studies
development of new varieties of crops.
or new crops themselves. The goal is
to provide
French farmers with
options in choosing crops.
Some exhibitors
were new to
AOCS-organized world conferences.
Carver Inc .• a well-known equipment
supplier to the cottonseed industry. is a
name known to cottonseed processors
in Turkey and the region, but a new
name on world conference exhibitor
lists. Carver works in Turkey with
Erensoy Ltd. Pauyn Packaging showed
its system of equipment for packaging
10- and 25-kilogram containers of liquid oils. The system features generation of the box liners from gusseted
layflm tubing. "The system involves 450
seals at the comers with horizontal seal
and cutting seal head; the bag is then
inserted into the containers and filled.
Bags can be sealed or folded. The system is intended for suppliers providing
products to the institute and industrial
or catering industries. Not only was
Mnksan new as an exhibitor at an
AOCS conference, but also it was the
finn's first venture into an exhibition at
a technology and scientific conference.
The equipment firm based in Izmir.
Turkey, has produced oilseed preparation and extraction equipment
for
tcominuea on /XISI' /277)
Proceedings information
A two-volume proceedings of the World Conference and Exhibition on
Oilseed and Edible Oils Processing is being prepared and will be available
during 1997.
All conference technical registrants will receive a leuer several months
prior to publication offering the proceedings at a reduced price. Other persons
who wish to receive information on how to order the volume should send
their names. addresses, telephone and fax numbers to: AOCS Press, P.O. Box
3489, Champaign, IL 61826-3489 (fax: 217-351-8091; e-mail: [email protected]). The cost will be determined after AOCS Press officials have
determined how many pages will be required for the volume.
INfORM. Vol. 7, no. 12 (DeCember 1996)
1277
WORLD CONFERENCE
[continued from page 1275)
about a dozen years and has equipment
operating
at plants in Greece, Tajik-
istan, and Kazakhstan.
VOP. a producer of antioxidants, is
benefitting from the general attention
antioxidants' role in food products has
received in recent years. UOP was
telling present and potential clients
about improved availability of TBHQ
antioxidant. Participation in the Istanbul event would enable the organization to reach potential customers in a
region where it already has contacts.
The Ohmi crganizatlon was featuring its countercurrent bleaching pro-
cess. The system has attracted worldwide attention, and visitors to the
Istanbul exhibit were reported as
showing interest also.
Isco Inc., which offers chromatography systems, shortly before the
Istanbul event had announced purchase
of the Suprex organization, which, like
Isco, has focused on products and
applications
for supercritical
fluid
extraction and chromatography. The
two product lines can be expected to
be merged gradually as the two former
competitors meld into one operation.
Unichema was telling visitors its
new independent status, separate from
its previous ties to the Unilever organization, will enable it to provide better
service 10 its catalyst customers. The
firm's new India plant extends its
capacity and will help supply growing
markets in the Far East, Karin van
Gernert, newly named world marketing
manager, said. As long as nickel prices
remain satisfactory. recyclers will haul
away used catalysts, allaying any environmental concerns about disposal of
catalysts for most vegetable oil catalyst
users. Representatives
stressed that
Unichema catalysts produced for captive use are the same ones offered on
the commercial market.
Korver: type of fat may be as important as amount
Unilever's Otto Korver offered some
unconventional wisdom to registrants
in his talk on fats and oils in human
nutrition presented as part of the conference's economics and marketing
session. That placement was itself
interesting to Korver, who said he usually speaks to nutritionists.
First, Korver said fats are less
effective than protein and carbohydrates in producing immediate satiety,
that feeling of fullness that follows
substantial eating. Korver noted that a
diner begins to fill full quicker eating
rice or potatoes than when eating fats,
which is why it is easier to overeat
with fat.
Second, though Japanese and Greek
cultures have a vast difference in percentage of dietary calories derived
from fat, both have relatively low cardiovascular disease rates and high
longevity, indicating the amount of fat
in the diet may not be as important as
the types of dietary fat.
Third, he noted that earlier pronouncements
drawing correlations
between dietary fa! and some types of
cancers appear to have been premature.
Fourth, from a nutritional point of
view, consumers who reduce visible fat
(margarine, salad oils, etc.) in their diet
(in the belief it is improving their nutritional profile), may actually be increasing the proportion of saturated fat in
the diet. inasmuch as invisible fats
(dairy. meat. baked goods) have a higher proportion of saturated fat than the
visible fat products. Korver cited data
from a 1987-88 study. Another confounder may be that people who lower
dietary fat levels may not lower total
calories if they increase carbohydrate
and protein intake. If IOtal calories.
rather than fat intake. tum OUito be the
prime factor in certain types of cancer,
reducing fat intake without reducing
total calories may prove ineffective.
Korver began his presentation by
noting that in view of constant
reminders to consumers in industrialized nations to cut fat consumption. it
might be prudent to remember the
positive values of dietary fat.
Dietary fat provides energy (calories), fat-soluble vitamins (especially
vitamin E, an antioxidant), essential
fatty acids, and palatability and taste.
Industry has been responsive to
nutritionists' concerns about dietary
fat, Korver said, as he reviewed what
has happened since the 1994 publication of the latest WHO-FAD report on
Dietary Fats and Human Health.
The report, he noted, recommended
an adult diet that gets a minimum of
15% of calories from fat, with a 20%
minimum for women of child-bearing
age, and maximums of 30% for sedentary adults and 35% for active adults.
Adults in The Netherlands and the
United Kingdom (Unilever's
home
markets) have cut fat intake. he said.
The WHO-FAD recommendation
to
cut saturated fat to about 10% of total
calories, from the usual 15-20% in
industrialized nations' diets, has led
industry to produce visible fat products
with reduced saturated fat, but there
has nOI been as effective a response
with regard to the saturated fat content
of foods containing invisible fats.
Industry has provided visible fat
products with reduced tmns fatty acid
content, he said. The WHO-FAD
report had said dietary trans content
should be noted and perhaps reduced.
He cited a researcher's calculations
that replacing 4 grams of lrans fatty
acid with 2 grams of cholesterol.
I
gram of stearic acid, and I gram of
cis-cis unsaturated trailS had the potential to cut heart-related deaths by 5%.
Infant formula manufacturers have
responded to the report's call for products that simulate breast milk by
increasing arachidonic acid content,
and docosahexaenoic content also may
be increased in formulae. Korver said.
Similarly, vitamin E content has
been increased, he said, and although
data are on an optimal ratio of n-6
fatty acid to a-linolenic acid, fat products are being modified.
He noted that as researchers delve
deeper into effects of specific dietary
fats. it is clear that nonsaturated vegetable oils offer more nutritional benefits than saturated fats. In response to
a question,
he noted that further
research may verify nutritional differences between types of trailS fatty
acids, as has been proposed by some
researchers.
INFORM. Vol. 7. no. 12 (December 1996)
1278
WORLD CONFERENCE
Wesdorp: Biotechnology's impact in its infancy
Biotechnology as a tool in the oilseed
and fats and oils indusb')' can still be
considered as in its infancy was the
message Ueilevet's L.H. Wesdorp
brought 10 the World Conference and
Exhibition on Oilseed and Edible Oils
Processing.
Biotechnology has provided some
new raw materials for the oils and fats
industry. but its effect on processing
will remain slight until biocatalyst
manufacturers find a way to produce
more stable. more selective, and less
expensive enzymes. he said.
In the oil extraction phase of pr0ceasing. Novo (Olivex) and Unilever
(Quest) have commercialized enzymes
for improving olive oil yield. but traditional olive oil extraction systems
involve an aqueous step, he noted.
adding that olive oil is a high-value
oil. rather than a commodity oil.
Oil milling basically consists of
breaking down cell structure to release
oil, Wesdorp eaplaieed, with heat
andlor pressure being the traditional
tools in commodity oil processing.
Theoretically. pecunases. cellulases.
carbobydrases, and pecteeses rou1d do
!he job and provWle higher IhroughPUL
higher recovery, and maybe improved
quality, he said. bul each plant variety
has a unique type of cell wall and
therefore a specific enzyme "cocktail"
would be needed for each plant.
The potential disadvantages of
using enzymes in oil milling is the
incorporation of an aqueous incubalion step----often as long as 24 hours,
he said. The use of an aqueous step
can adversely affect meal quality and
increase drying costs and increase
effluent levels, he added. Enzyme
costs are still relatively high for use
with commodity oils, Wesdorp said.
In the refinery. an enzymatic
degumming process has been developed by me Lurgi organization Ihal
uses a lipase (Phospholipase A2) to
reduce nonhydratible
phosphalides
from oil. Wesdorp said the system,
which include a 3-6 hour incubation
period. has variable reaction times
based on the quality of the oil fed into
the degumming process.
"The system is still new and may
be improved with experience,"
he
said. "The verdict is still out,"
Use of enzymes as biocatalysts
offers several advantages, he said,
including mild----often ambient---conditions and specific reactions (reducing the opportunity for side reactions)
that can be tailored to specific positions on fany acids. Traditional processing occurs at 200°C and high
(cOfllinud on fJdgr /280)
The COST-EFFICIENT
way to
HYDROGEN,
from The World Leader in Water Electrolysis
* Superior energy efficiency
* Simple and quick installation
* Ultimate safety control
* High
* Great design flexibility
* Easy maintenance and repair
operational regularity
* Experience from more than 400 electrolysers worldwide
Norsk Hydro
•••• Electrolysers
fI
••
For information circle .123
Norsk Hydro Electrolysers AS. Heddalsveien 11, P.O. Box 44, N-3671 Notodden. Norway
Tel.: +47 35 01 71 00 - Telefex: 350144 04 - Telex: 21124 hydro n
1280
WORLD CONFERENCE
(continued/rom page /278)
pressure, whereas lipase can operate at
20-60°C and atmospheric pressure,
meaning reduced polymerization, less
coloring. less ketone formation and
less corrosion, he said.
Such processing has been used for
enrichment and has led to the introduction on consumer markets of fish
oils enriched in docosahexaenoic
(DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA)
content and of borage oils with higher
j-Hnclenic content, Wesdorp said. He
noted that these are high-value products, not commodity oils. The process
can remove more volatile components.
On the downside, he noted that
Iipases for processing use are expensive and temperature-sensitive
and
often occur in emulsions that are hard
to separate. A key to commercial use
of biccatelysts is finding an economic
way to recycle lipases.
For high-value products, such as
cocoa butter substitutes. lipases can be
used for controlled fractionation. The
system also can be used to produce
specific lipids for infant formulae, he
said.
Biohydrogenalion might be possible, if a hydrogen donor is present, but
for now using biotechnology to alter
the fatty acid composition of oil-bearing plants is a less expensive route, he
said. Bacillus firtsotvens can be used
to hydrogenate without a cofactor. he
said, but the result produces a trans
content similar to present commercial
hydrogenation processes.
In the realm of altering raw materials. Wesdorp noted that in the past
plant breeders have modified crops to
take out undesirable traits (resulting in
commercialization of canola and linola), modified ferry acid content (higholeic specialty oils. low-saturate and
high-stearic soybean oils) and to pro-
duce specialty fauy acids. Commercialization of such crops depends on
finding users willing to pay for maintaining the "identity-preservation"
chain in harvesting. storing, and processing of such crops, he said. Calgene's high-lauric canola is the first
commercial success, he commented.
Biotechnology
offers potential
flexibility in tailoring plants to specific uses, but the cost of identity preservation currently prevents such plants
from being considered as commodity
oils, he said.
'The first results are not thai good,
but watch it," he said.
Watkins: white grape juice reduces platelet aggregation
Do antioxidants cut cardiovascular disease rates and, if the
French paradox is valid, are there components in unfermented grape juice that might be protective against heart
disease?
Those were the question T.R. Watkins of the K.L. Jordan Heart Research Foundation posed in his talk during the
antioxidant session that was part of the Istanbul conference.
The French paradox was the realization that persons living in the south of France were eating rich foods and had
high cholesterol levels but relatively low rates of cardiovascular disease; residents in Northern Ireland, with a similar
lifestyle, had twice the heart disease rate, Watkins said.
Researchers have focused on possible antioxidant components in the red wine that forms a standard part of meals in
southern France as conveying protection against heart disme.
Watkins said the literature indicates both white and red
wine had protective properties, so his group decided to
look at whether unfermented grape juice would also prove
beneficial.
The study was done on ten hypercholesterolemic men,
whose blood lipid levels were measured before the study
began and whose eating habits were checked to make sure
they did not significantly change their diet during the study.
The men were divided into two groups. half of whom
received red grape juice and half white grape juice (118
mL a day) for four weeks, followed by a two-week
washout period and then a switch to the other grape juice.
Watkins said lipid monitoring showed no change in
cholesterol levels. no significant changes in high- or lowdensity lipoprotein levels, nor in triglyceride levels.
INFORM. Vol. 7. no. 12 (December 1996)
But in studying platelets. the researchers found levels of
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) were lower in subjects taking
white wine than they were in subjects taking red wine. ATP
is involved in release of thrombin and collagen aggregation. Collagen levels were down dramatically in subjects
taking white grape juice, but only slightly down in those
receiving red grape juice, Watkins said.
Measurement of serum peroxide levels showed less
TBA (thiobarbituric acid) in subjects on white wine; lipid
hydroperoxides were down slightly with white juice, bUI
showed no change with red juice.
Vitamin C and E levels rose in subjects receiving
white juice; there was no change with red juice; no
changes in beta-carotene
levels were observed with
either juice.
In looking for substances more prevalent in white
grape juice than in red grape juice, Watkins said the
researchers identified quercetin. In response to a question.
he said the researchers did not look at oxidative resistance
of very low density lipoproteins.
Researchers believe
Vitamin E and C levels did not correlate with TBA levels
in subjects receiving white grape juice because polyphenets in the juice were being preferentially
utilized as
antioxidants rather than the vitamins. Watkins told another questioner.
Other papers in the antioxidant session dealt with food
applications of natural antioxidants, mechanisms of aruioxtdauon. palm oil antioxidants, antioxidants in frying oils
derived from sunflower; antioxidants derived from herbs
and spices, and stability of foods with low lipid content.
Abstracts for these papers were published in the September
1996 issue of INFORM.
•
ACTIVE
Syed Husain Abbas. Colgate Palmolive Co.
Aslam Shah Abbasi, Kuwait Aour Mills &
Bakeries
Terry Adams, Dial Corp.
Aghakarimi. Pars Vegetable Oil Co.
Michael Agin. Agmet Metals Inc.
Iwona M. Aguilar. Oil-Ori Corp. of America
Jahunghir
M. Sharif Ahmad,
At-Ahliah
Vegetable
Oil
Co. ESA
H. Ayse Aksoy, Istanbul Technical University
Essa A. Al Ghurair, Gulf Import & Export
Co.
Periel R. Ali, Zulfeqar Industries Ltd.
Arne Alnaes. Alnaes Trading & Export Co.
AlS
Issam K.A. Anbouba. SAPCO
Cbee Loong Ang. Pasir Gudang Edible Oils
Antonio Angulo. Abbott Laboratories
Majid Anvari, Anvari Co.
Shahab Anwar, United Food Co. (PSC)
Kaoru Anzai. Overseas Merchandise Insp.
Co.
Fernando Arceo. Agri-Fine
Corp.
Igor Artemenko, Labinsk Oil Extraction
"'M'
Okezie Aruoma, University of London
Nannela Asafi. 'Ieksun
Walid Asfar, A!·Ahliah
Vegetable
Oil Co.
ESA
Ragip Atademir. Ala Ltd.
Nicolas E. Atbennos, Tame SA
Patrick Auriol. Krupp PlasticslRubber
Machines
Ahmet Refhan Aydin. Asimac Dis Ticarer
ue.su
Hamzeh Baharloo. Pars vegetable Oil Co.
Charles Bnhor, Bahcr Associates
Rahmi Balsari. Balsari Yag Sanayi ve
Tanya Balthazar. Shell Chemical
William Barker. Littleford Day Inc,
Yves Bayon. Heliosynthese
Nancy Beaudry. Industrial Filter & Pump
Mfg. Co.
Thierry Beaupied. Plaruureux SA
Brandt L. Bcnsema. interstates Electric &
Engineering Co,
Ricardo Bemadas. Numar SA
Philippe Bersuder, University of
Humberside
Raben G. Berube. Amway Corp.
Deepak Bhatnagar. USDA
John F. Billman. Dial Corp.
Delois Blackwell. Zapata Protein (USA) Inc.
Robert Blocksidge. Photoneucs Inc.
Nick Boguski. POS Pilot Plant Corp.
Igor Bondarenko, Usr-Labinsk Ether & Oil
John K. Borchardt. Shell Chemical Co.
Torben BOI'Chen. Novo Nordisk AIS
Michael Borzenski, C & T Quincy Foods
Donald A. Bouchard. Universal Systems Inc.
Dilek Boyacioglu. Istanbul Technical
University
Kalyn A. Brix-Davis. South Dakota
Soybean Processors
Paul Brown. Purdue University
Charles Buchanan. Eastman Chemical Co.
John R. Burgess. Purdue University
Sveuana Bykova. South-Russ Assn.
Vegetable Oils
William Craig Byrdwell, USDA
Cristina Calin. Unirea SA
Pietro Canepa. Universita di Genova
Jean-Noel Cassano Novance
Jai-Myung Chang. Samsung Fine
Chemicals Lid.
Ping Chang. Cultor Food Science Inc.
'ru-Chen Chang. Michigan Stale University
Daniel Cberwin. Eastman Chemical Co.
Myung S. Chi. Lincoln University
Stephen R. Childs. Laporte Absorbents
Nives Chinpongpan. Chia Tai Group
David Chitwood. Nematology Laboratory
Aladdin Danny Chong. Sinar Mas Group
Ynen-May Choo. Palm Oil Research Inst. of
Malaysia
Rodney E. Christianson. South Dakota
Soybean Processors
You-Hwa E. Chu. ARCO Chemical Co.
ElifCivan. Kirlangic Gida Maddeleri San
Cathy A. Clark. CA Specialties Ltd.
William K. Clark. Custom Ingredients Inc.
Thomas E. Cleveland. USDA
Ladislas Colarow. Nesrec Lid.
Daniel A. Coley. Industrial Chemical Co. JA
Ltd.
Mirjam S. College man. SAF Bulk Chemicals
Glenn A. Corliss. Monsanto Co.
John Cornelius. SCM Chemicals
Bernard Eouteaux, Extraction de Smet SA
Peter Coutteau. Lab of Aquaculture & ARC
Reginald T. Cranford. Clariant Corp.
Nancy L Crawford. Waldon West
Rendering
Aida Cresti. Colgate Palmolive Co.
H. Russell Cross. Texas A&M University
Mark E. Cushman. Dial Corp.
Marie-Elisabeth Cuvelier. Ecole Natlonale
Superieure des Ind. Alim.
Balint Czukor, Central Food Research tnsr.
Rose Ann Dabek. Procter & Gamble
Guy R. Dansereau. US Borax Inc.
Thomas A. Dawson. Perdue Farms Edible
Oil Refinery
Jo Ann Day. Hauser Chemical Research Inc.
Luiz De Miranda. H J Sieber Group
Juan Carlos De Sedas. Grupo Quimicao
Transamerica
Dirk de Wit. ATO-OLO
Patricia R. Deavours
Anthony Del Vecchio. Catgene Inc.
Bernard Descomps. University Montpellier I
Salih Dincer, Yildiz Technical University
Michael J. Dobson. Quincy Soybean Co.
Hortense W. Dodo. Alabama A&M Unlvershy
Ann Marie Dolan. Air Products &
Chemicals Inc.
Maria L. Dcmoroschenkova, AII·Russia
Res. Inst. of Fats
Carlos Donicos. Rohm and Haas Mexico
Kevin Drumm. Alfa Laval Separation Inc.
Nurhan T. Dunford. Albena Dairy Assn.
Paulo Roberto Dutra Lima. Cargill Agricola
S/A
Adnan Check El Kar, Boushra
Welcome!
.."
The AOCS is pleased to
recognize the 460 individuals
and corporations who joined
the Society since
May 24, 199&".
Nearly 1,100 new members
joined the AOCS during 1996,
bringing the total
AOCS membership to 5,310.
• ;IS
of October 30, 1996
Wayne C. Ellefson. Coming Hazleton Inc.
Denes Ereg. Sojeprotein
Alexandre Ereshko. Krasnodar Oil & Fat
Combine
Sevim Z. Erhan, USDA
Per E.H. Erlandsson. Karlshamns Crushing
& FeedAB
Hunay Evfiya, Cukurova University
Miguel Facusse. Corporacion Cressida
George Palb, Buckeye Feed Mills Inc,
Nancy A. Palk. Lever Brothers Co.
Jim L. Fasnacht. Quaker Oats Co.
Pedro Mario Fernandez. Centro Nacional
Alimentacion
Dean Field, Warwick International Group
Otto Folkens, Dow Elanco
Erol Franks. Air Products
Joel S. Freundlich, Colgate Palmolive Co.
Kenneth Frodge. French Oil Mill
Machinery Co.
Jim Fuller, Carnpro International Inc.
Giuseppe Gamba, Novaol
Gilles Oandemer, Inst. National de la
Recherche
Gary D. Garman. BFGoodrich Co.
Robert E. Gaynor. Gaynor Consulting
Veronique Giboa. Fractionnement Tirtiaux
SA
Leif K. Gjendemsjo, Lipro AS
Raymond Glowaky. Pfizer Inc.
Stefaan AJ. Goen. Damman-Crees NV
wieslaw Golab, Nzpt SA Brzeg
Miguel Angel Octane. Molinos Union del
Yaqui SA
N. Naci Gomeclioglu. Orucoglu Yag
Sanayit AS
Alan Gow, Interface Design Inc.
Gofdoo E. Grabil, Pondview Emus
M.K. Green
Warren T. Grissom. 3 T's Emu Ranch
Birgir O. Gudmundsson. Tandur HF
MUSlafaGulen. Henkel Turyag AS
Brad Gulledge. Separators Inc.
TorslCn Gunnarsson. Lund University
Barry Halliwell, King's College
Anwar Hamama. Virginia State University
Gyeong Ho Han. Doosan Training & Tech
Center
David Hanson
Eric Hao. Bird Machtne-tatwan
Julie Harmon. Central Soya Co. Inc.
Magnus Harrod. Chalmers University
Technology
Brian K. Hatley. AC Humko Corp.
Mikel HayS;,AMG Inc.
Mark W. Henderson. DowElanco
Guy Hendree. Witco Corp.
Charlesjlenry.
Eastman Chemical Co.
Anne Heughan. Van Den Bergh Foods Ltd.
John Hibl5S,"ftickson Manro Ltd.
Mark Hill Ross Laboratories
Roben . Hopkins. Quaker Chemical Corp.
Raymond £:tfom. BYK-Gardner USA
Gholam Hassein Hosseinkhani, Golnaz
Vegetable Oil Co.
David M. Hough, OMH & Associates Inc.
David W. Hutchinson, Ricc:land Foods Inc.
Kazuo Ikeda. Kogakuin University
Audrey B. )mbs. Institute of Marine Biology
John Impcrante, Phoenix Chcmicallnc.
Murl Jackson. Morflex Inc.
Patricia Jackson, Suprex Corp.
Stephen R. Jacque, K.Tcsting Lab Inc.
Augustyn Jakubowski. Meat & Fat Institute
Carrolc L. Johnson. Clorox Co.
Kerby C. Jones, USDA
Sangyong Joo, Twin Rivers Technologies
Earl Joseph. CCL Custom Mfg.
Don Juen, Dow Coming Corp.
Jean-Claude Kader. CNRS University
Afaf Kamal-Eldin. Swedish University
Agric. Sciences
Roben 1. Kankus, Dial Corp.
Ancmis Karaali. Istanbul Technical
Universuy
Ravindcr Kaur. Danone Brands (S) Pte Ltd.
Muammcr Kayahan, Ankara University
Scncan Kayali. Orucoglu Vag Sanayii AS
AI Kaziunas, Applied Separations Inc.
Craig Keelcy. Zaclon Inc.
Andrea C. Keenan, Rohm and Haas Co.
Roger T. Kemper. Limagrain Genetics Corp.
Kathleen Kiefer. Supcico Inc.
Richard Kiley. Source Food Technology Inc.
Joan King. Iowa Statc University
Brian Klcin, Amway Corp.
Elena Korncna. Krasnodar Polytechnicallnst.
Gabriel Koulhon. Food & Agric. Org. of UN
Kn:ywof Krygicr. Meat & Fat Research
Inst.
Peter Krygsman. Bruker Spectrospin
Canada Inc.
Gusta vo E. Kuhn. South Gatc SA
Leonard J. La Magna. Chemical Associates
Paiyi Laakso. umversuy ofThrku
Chi Chung Lam, Hong Kong Productivity
Council
Michael K. Landis. wendy's International
Paul Lang. Natural Products Inc.
Vladimir Lang. Palma-Tumys as
Alexandre Lapillonne. Edouard Herriot
Hospital
Norbert Latruffe. University of Burgundy
Chienchen Lee, Chai Tai Group (Tianjin)
Chun Fool.: Lee. PT Bukit Kapur Reba
Jong Pill Lee. Onemat Chemical Ind.
Traore M. Letaver. Dial Corp.
Bruce Lehr. Sigma Chemical Co.
Barbaro Lempka, National Silicates Ltd.
W.H. Leong. Carorech Sdn Bhd
Xiaobing Li. Stepan Co.
Chao Liang. Kernin Industries (Asia)
Phillip Liescheskl. Isco Inc.
Oscar J. Linares, Lloreda Orases SA
David M. Lincoln. Clearon Corp.
Louis Lippiello. Harrington Anhritis Res. Cit.
Jimmy B. Lockhart. Witco Corp.
Paul Lubas, Werner & Pfleiderer Corp.
Terry Luoma. Experimental & Applied
Science
Sam Maayeh. Kroft Foods Inc.
John Mac8ean. Crosfield Co.
Teresa Maclachlan. Amway Corp.
Roben Macomber. Isco Inc.
Stacy Madison, Cargill Inc.
Peeyush Mahcshwari. Pillsbury Co.
Ashok Kumar Maheshwani, 0 & H
Secheron Electrodes Ltd.
Jan Majercak, Palma-Tumys es
James Makowski. American Assn. of Feed
Microscopists
Thomas Mangos, USDA
Mohan S. Mankotia. Health Canada
Gloria Marquez-Ruiz. Institute Dc La Grasa
Noel Marzulli. Roche VitaminslFine
Chemicals
Shigeaki Matsutani, Lion Corp.
Mark A. Mc Guire. University of Idaho
Tura Mc Hugh. USDA
Chester H. Mc Intosh. United Ratite
Cooperative
Ross D. Mc Mahon. Allrech Inc.
Gen W. Meijer, Unilcver Research Lab.
John Menches. Buckeye Fced Mills Inc.
Luis Mercado. Peny Machinery Corp.
Siegfried Meyer. Ing. Siegfried Meyer
Industrial
Farouk Mian. Brown & Root Inc.
Michael Moduch, American Soybean Assn.
Alain Mongrcdien. Cargill Prance
Antoni Prar Montoy. Kao Corporation SA
Ann Moser. Kennedy Krieger Institute
Zephirin Mouloongui. Labo Chimie Agro
Industrielle
Roben Mucha. White Eagle Industries LP
Enrique Murillo. Umversidad de Panama
Lynette D. Nehmcr, Analytech Associates
Jeff S. Newman. WCR Inc.
Giao V. Nguyen. Witco Corp.
Rebert G. Nielsen. Bioteknotogisk lnstitut
Christian Nceihe. RWE Ges Forschung
Entwicklung
Angelo Nora. Faci SpA
David Norckauer. E&I Controls Inc.
Mark C. Nugent. Lou Ana Foods Inc.
Vuranel Okay, Unilever
Donaldson O. Olowookere. African Oil
Chemists'Society
Horst Opitz. E. Hoesch & Soehne GmbH
Carlos Ospinal. Stepan Co.
Mehmet Paia, Yildiz Technical Univel"!lity
Edward Paladini, California Oils COl'(!.
Hugh Palmer. Incon Technologies LL
Taplo Palmu. Raisio Group
Raymond Papp. Seedex International Ply Ltd.
Michael Pariza. University of Wisconsin
Marcus Park. wuco Canada
R.N. Patil. Technoforce (I) Pvt.l.Jd.
Mary L. Patterson, AT&T Lucent Bell Labs
Edward D. Pell. Quaker Chemical Corp.
Frederic Pellerin, Margarine Thibault Inc.
Kevin Penfield. ICI Surfactants
Ahmet Penic, ATG Makina ve Muhendislik
Ltd.
Long Quoc Pham, 1st Natural Products
Chemistry
Kirk R. Phelps. Dial Corp.
Daniel Ploch. CIRAD CP
Alexander Podobedov. Soybean Processors
Assn.
Paul Power
Saliba Funda Pulcuoglu, Orucoglu Vag
Sanayii AS
Jochen M. Quack. Hoechsr Aktiengesellsthaft
Hurben Quaney. Winneba Oil Mills
Jorgen Quick. Scotia LipidTeknik AB
Ali Bin Rahim. University Kebangsaan
Malaysia
Matt Raskin. Pall Corp.
Keith Redenbaugh. Cal gene Inc.
Kathy Rennick. USDA
Alvin M. Reyes. INDOGRASCO
R.A. Rielley, Peerless Food Products
Tony Ritter, French Oil Mill Machinery Co.
Francisco J. Rivero Serrano. REMAVENCA
Clarence R. Robbins. Colgate Palmolive Co.
John D. Robertson. Lonza Inc.
David Roblero de Leon. Engelhard Corp.
Ulises Rodriguez. French Oil Mill
Machinery Co.
Juan Romera. Abbott Laboratories
Nicholas P. Roots. Hid enadora Yucateca
SAlCV
John L. Rose, Bird Machine Co.
Reinhardt A. Rosson. Bio- Technical
Resources
Larry Roth. lnterSytems Inc.
Christopher Rulison. Kruss USA
Rocco D. Sabatino. Basic Industries Group
C"",.
Ghiyath Sabouni. Asia Techno Skill
Marie-Esther Saint Victor, Henkel Corp.
Frank M. Salvo. Aarhus Inc.
Jose Manuel Samperio. United Soybean
Boord/ASA
Sanim Saner, S&Q Man
Kami! Sari. Orucoglu Vag Sanayii AS
Gisben Schall. Draiswerke Inc.
Stefan Schmidt, Slovak Technical University
Klaus Dieter Schwenke. University
Potsdam
Edward Sebastian. Stepan Co.
Jacques Segel'S. Unifever
Stanisfav Sekremr, Slovak Technical
University
Morad Shamsipor, Dial Corp.
Lori Shearer. Central Soya Co. Inc.
Bhim Singh Kbekhawar, Plant Industries
Limited
Basil Shorrosh. Michigan State University
Jan E. Shulman, Rohm and Haas Co.
Florin Sunioncscu, SC Unirea SA
Kevin A. Sims. Mead Johnson Nutritional
Group
Arslan M. Stnno. ZM Vegetable Oil
Industries V
Tore Skaaden. AS Denofa Og Lilleborg
Fabrikr
Dragan Skoric. University of Nov; Sad
rarostev Sladek. Patma-Tumys
Philip Sliva. Amway Corp.
Lee D. Smith. StarDancer Spring! Ranch
Randy E. Smith. Indiana Soybean Growers
Assn.
Fred Sobel. Natural Foods Research
Peter Sobic. Unitever Research Lab.
Chris R.
mervi1le. Carnegie Institution
Thecdote G. SOIiroudis, Inst. Biological
Res. & Biotech
Mike SpiJIum. Hi Roller Conveyors
Richard Stadler, Nestle R&D Center
Geoff Steel. CWf-Tran International Inc.
David T. Sieger. Alfa Laval Separation Inc.
Ian M. Siewan, Britannia Food Ingredients
Lid.
HUlo Streekstra. Gist-Brocades BV
Robert Srrub, Croda Inc.
Krishnan Subramanian. Aarhus (Malaysia)
Sdn Bhd
Naoko Sugeno. Nippon Yuryo Kentei Kyokai
John Sutton. Cargill PLC
Brian D. Swartz. Cargill Inc.
David Swision. CCL Custom Mfg.
August J. Szabo, Dominque Szabo & Assoc.
Inc.
rlen Tang. Edlong Corp.
Birgul Tantekin-Ersclmnz, Istanbul
Technical University
Francisco Tantuico, Philippines Coconut
R&D Inc.
Kwoliang D. Tau. Hoechst Celanese Corp.
Joe Taylor. French Oil Mill Machinery Co.
John Teloniatis. CCL Custom Manufacturing
Petru Teodorescu, lnst. for Food Chemistry
Eric R. Thcincr, Acre-Chloe System
Marianne Thctlersen. Novo Nordisk AS
Frank Thies, University of Oxford
Steven A. Thompson. Dow Elanco
Jeffrey L. Throckmorton. TIntometer Ltd.
Darrel TImmons. E&I Controls Inc.
Stanislav Tobola. Milo Oloumouc AS
Stephen J. Tbedt, Silbrico Corp.
Tadeusz Topolski. Nzpt SA BrlCg
Ricardo Toscani, Pioneer Hi-Bred ltalia SpA
Fernando Trevino, United Soybean Board
Rakesh KumarTrivedi. Harcourt Butler
Tech.lnst.
Taskin Tuglular. Unilever- TIc. ve San.
MuSlafa Ucuncu, Ege University
Subhash Vithaldas Udeshi. Jayant Oil Mills
Ismail Ugur, Ari Refine Ve Yag
Robert P. Ulrich. Witco Corp.
M. Kemal Unal. Ege University
Guldem Ustun. Istanbul Technical
University
Sait Uyar, Emek Yag Sanayii AS
Paul Van Jaarsveld, Medical Research
Council
Saskia Van Ruth. Wageningen Agricultural
Univ,
Manuel Vilaboy
Shaikh Wahedulla. Arab IntI. Food & Oil
Proc. Co.
Francis K. Walton. Mallinckrodt Veterinary
Inc.
Jeffrey Walton, Witco Corp.
Paul C. watson. Union Camp Corp.
Antonio Wei, Braswey SA
Thomas Weibel. Reckitt & Colman Inc.
Xinehu Weng. Yant.ai Universuy
Brian Werner. BomemIHanmann & Braun
Huriye Wetherilt, Lalecan Beslenme ve
Gida
LaDonna M. Wetzel. Rheally YOUi'll
Buchowiecki Wieszaw, Nzpt SA Brzeg
David L. Wilbur. Incobrasa Industries Ltd.
Stephen G. Wildes, Omni Tech International
Ltd.
Jamie Wilkerson, National By-Products Inc.
Andrea Williams. Unitever Research
Delroy Williams, Seprod Ltd.
David C. Wilton. University of
Southampton
Herbert wischeropp. SKET
Schwerrnaschinenbau
GmbH
Ron Woods. Mid-State Chemical
Kotaro Yamaguchi. Fuji Oil Co. Ltd.
Ikuya Yano, Osaka University Medical School
Okyar Yayalar, Edime Yag San TAS
Vicki Yearick, Supelco Inc.
Chek Toong Yee, Pasir Gudang Edible Oils
Jae-woo Yearn, Aekyung Industrial Co.
Gulden Yilmaz. South Partners Group Inc.
Fook Min Yong. Northsea Oils & Grains
lndust.
Daniel Yoo, CWT-Tran Intemationallnc.
Delbert Young. Witco Corp.
Susan Youngquist. Amway Corp.
Hector Zapata. AMG Inc.
Victor Zharko. Kropotkin Oil Extraction
Plant
STUDENT
Rachel L. Adleman. University of Wisconsin
Rahim Aydin. University of Wisconsin
Madison
Chris Balagtas, University of Arkansas
Steen Balchen. Technical University of
D. Damoko. University of l1linois
Daniel Gacboee
Sanjeev Kumar Gangwer, Harcourt Butler
Tech.lnst.
Sonia E. Guzman. Louisiana Slate
University
Firas Y. Hariri, Texas A&M University
Paul D. Hanzler II. University of Illinois
Ondrej Hendl, Western Michigan University
Wei Hu, Texas A&M University
Nantana Hratnmnukul, University of
Missouri
Anna Sim Keck, Illinois Slate University
Melissa R. Kelly, University of North
Carolina
Kshitiz Kant Krishna. University of
Saskatchewan
Mehmet Kucuk, Ankara University
S. Kumaresan, Government Arts College
Kwok Yiu Kwan, Chinese Unh'el'llitylHong
Ko"g
Charlotte Lauridsen. Danish Inst. of Animal
Science
Tsung-Lin Li. Ohio State University
Fangrui Ma, University of Nebraska
David McClure. University of Kentucky
Narayan Chandra Misra, Indian Insr. of
Technology
Yasutaka Morita. JA1ST Hokuriku
Thirumalai A.G. Nerella. VRS & YR
College Technology
Pankaj K. Patel. Harcourt Butler Tech. 11'1111
Troy L. Robertson, Florida State University
Maysoun Salameh. University ofiordan
Ramon M. Sandez, Univ. Nac de Santiago
Estero
Narotam Ravji Sarsawadia, Harcourt Butler
Tech.lnsl.
Eric Sebben. University of California
Oya Sipahioglu. Ohio Slate University
Randy Stephens, Cal. State University
Laura Taber, University of Tennessee
Russell A. TIetz, University of Wisconsin
Ana Victoria Torres, Iowa Slate University
Thomas A. Trezza. University of California
Socrates Trujillo. Louisiana Slate University
Oguejiofor T. Ujam, University of Nigeria
Leah Whigham, Univershy of Wisconsin
Wei wu. Umverslty of Illinois
Xiaoyun Yang, University of Wisconsin
Bita R. Young, University of Oklahoma
CORPORATE
LabCo bv Laboratory Services. Netherlands
Oil-Dri Corporation of America. USA
SGS (Thailand) Ltd.. Thailand
Denmark
Julia M. Cable. University of Wisconsin
Ping lim Chan, Chinese UniversitylHong
Kong
Koo B. Chin. Texas A&M University
Karin Conde. University of Arizona
Elizabeth A. Coppin. Brigham Young
University
Your international forum for fats,
oils, proteins, surfactants,
and detergents