"A quality workforce for quality products:

Transcription

Socrates Programme Grundtvig 2
SOCRATES PROGRAMME - GRUNDTVIG 2
"A quality workforce for quality products:
how to create the dynamics to reach sustainable
employment in the companies of agricultural
production "
Context and Good Practices Analysis:
Research Tool
1
SUMMARY
1. NATIONAL DESCRIPTIVE FRAMEWORK ……………………………..…Pags. 3-14
1.1 AVERAGE STRUCTURE OF AGRICULTURAL NTERPRISES……………..……………….Pags. 3-10
1.1.1
1.1.2
1.1.3
1.1.4
1.1.5
1.1.6
1.1.7
1.1.8
1.1.9
1.1.10
1.1.11
Number of active agricultural enterprises at National level……………………………………...Pag.
4
Recent trends in the number of active agricultural enterprises…………………………………...Pag. 4
Distribution of agricultural enterprises per range of dimension……………………………….....Pag. 4
Total SAU Agricultural Surface Used…………………………………………………………………..………….Pag. 5
Average SAU Agricultural Surface Used per Enterprise………………………………..…………….…Pag. 5
Recent trends in the Total and Average SAU Agricultural Surface Used…..……..…………Pags. 5-6
Economical productive specialization……………………………………………………….…………………….Pag.
6
Distribution of enterprise per typology of structure……………………………………….……..……..Pag.
7
Distribution of Expenses……………………………………………………………………….…………………………Pag.
8
Distribution of Income………………………………………………………………………..………………….…..….Pag.
9
Relevance and recent trends of agricultural sector in National Economy…….…………….…Pag. 10
1.2
CULTIVATIONS..................................................................................................Pag. 10
1.3
BREEDINGS…………………………………………………………………………………………….…….Pag.
1.4
11
EMPLOYMENT AND LABOUR…………………..…………………………………………………Pags. 11-14
1.4.1 Number of people employed in agricultural enterprises and recent trends
at National level……………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….Pag.
11
1.4.2 Distribution per typology of labour contract…………………………………………..……………………………Pag. 12
1.4.3 Distribution of yearly number of working days per typology of labour contract……………..…Pag. 12
1.4.4 Presence of foreign workers………………………………………………………………………………………………….Pag. 13
1.4.5 Labour Demand and Supply………………………………………………………………………………………..…..Pags.13-14
2. LOCAL AREA SELECTED…………………………………………………………….…Pags. 15-21
2.1 AVERAGE STRUCTURE OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES……………………………….…Pags. 15-19
2.1.1 Number of active agricultural enterprises at local selected level…………………………………...Pag.
2.1.2
2.1.3
2.1.4
2.1.5
2.1.6
2.1.7
15
Total and average SAU Agricultural Surface Used at local selected level………….……….…Pag. 16
Economical productive specialization at local selected level. Catalonia …………………………Pag. 16
Distribution of agricultural enterprises per range of dimension ……………………………… .....Pag. 17
Distribution of enterprise per typology of structure. Catalonia (2005) ………………………..Pag. 17
Distribution of Income ………………………………………………………………………………………………………Pag. 18
Recent trends of specific local agricultural activities in relation
to National Agriculture. Catalonia…………………………………………………………………………………..…Pag. 19
2.2
CULTIVATIONS......................................................................................................Pag. 20
2.3
BREEDINGS…………………………………………………………………………………………………….Pag. 20
2.4
EMPLOYMENT AND LABOUR………………………………………………………………………….Pag. 21
2
3. THE LEGISLATIVE AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ……………..….Pags.22- 28
3.1 REGULATIONS OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE…………….Pags. 22-25
3.2 REGULATIONS OF TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES OF HUMAN RESOURCES
IN AGRICULTURE …………………………………………………………………………………………..Pags.
26
3.3 SOCIAL PARTIES, STRUCTURES AND ORGANIZATIONS REPRESENTING
WORKERS AND EMPLOYERS……………………………………………………………………………….Pag.
27
3.4 STRATEGIES PUT IN ACTION FOR VALORIZATION OF HUMAN RESOURCES
IN AGRICULTURE………………………………………………………………………………………….…Pags
28
4. NATIONAL GOOD PRACTICES ………………………………………………………….Pags.
29-57
4.1 IDENTIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF GOOD PRACTICES……………………………….Pags. 29-51
4.2 SWOT analysis of good practices identified ……………………………………………………….Pags. 52-57
5. BIBLIOGRAPHY ...............................................................................Pag. 58
3
1. NATIONAL DESCRIPTIVE FRAMEWORK: STRUCTURE AND
PRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
(Spain , 2005 compared with the previous years)
1.1) AVERAGE STRUCTURE OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
1.1.1. Number of active agricultural enterprises at National level:
Number of Agricultural
Enterprises 2005
Agricultural Enterprises
with cultivate land
Number of Agricultural
Enterprises 2003
1.069.748
1.127.969
1.1.2 Recent trends in the number of active agricultural enterprises:
Decrease Number
%Decrease
2003-2005
-58.221
5,44%
1.1.3 Distribution of agricultural enterprises per range of dimension:
Range of dimension (hectares) 2005 Number of Agricultural Enterprises 2005
90.296
<1
206.195
1a<2
264.112
2a<5
164.965
5 a < 10
126.140
10 a < 20
57.551
20 a < 30
53.884
30 a < 50
50.128
50 a < 100
49.539
>=100
Range of dimension (hectares) 2003 Number of Agricultural Enterprises 2005
105.111
<1
225.349
1a<2
276.604
2a<5
169.093
5 a < 10
131.375
10 a < 20
60.622
20 a < 30
53.137
30 a < 50
49.414
50 a < 100
50.135
>=100
1.1.4 Total SAU Agricultural Surface Used
2005
Agricultural Enterprises with
SAU. Ha.
4
24.855.129
SAU
2003
Agricultural Enterprises with
SAU
SAU. Ha.
25.175.260
1.1.5 Average SAU Agricultural Surface Used per Enterprise
Average SAU . Range of dimension (hectares) 2005 SAU. %
0,20
<1
1,15
1a<2
3,38
2a<5
4,69
5 a < 10
7,12
10 a < 20
5,61
20 a < 30
8,26
30 a < 50
14,09
50 a < 100
55,49
>=100
Average SAU . Range of dimension (hectares) 2003 SAU. %
0,23
<1
1,24
1a<2
3,48
2a<5
4,70
5 a < 10
7,28
10 a < 20
5,83
20 a < 30
8,10
30 a < 50
13,56
50 a < 100
55,58
>=100
1.1.6 Recent trends in the Total and Average SAU Agricultural Surface
Used:
Total SAU
Decrease Number
%Decrease
2003-2005
-320.131
5
1,29%
Average SAU
2003-2005
% Increase (+) or
Decrease (-)
<1
1a<2
2a<5
5 a < 10
10 a < 20
20 a < 30
30 a < 50
50 a < 100
>=100
-0,03%
-0,09%
-0,10%
-0,01%
-0,16%
-0,22%
+0,16%
+0,53%
-0,08%
1.1.7 Economical productive specialization
EURm
in common terms .
Producers prices
%Variation 2006/2005
2005 (A)
Quantity Price
Value
2006
(E)
Structure
%
A. AGRARIAN BRANCH PRODUCTION
VEGETAL PRODUCTION ………..
ANIMAL PRODUCION …………….
SERVICE SECTOR PRODUCTION
SECUNDARY ACTIVITIES NO
AGRARIAN. NO SEPARABLE ……
36.665,6
0,5
0,0
0,5 35.846,4
100,0
21.551,3
1,0
-4,0
-3,1 20.893,2
58,3
12.659,3
-0,1
6,9
6,7 13.512,9
37,7
1,2
444,0
-3,7
0,0
-3,7
427,7
1.011,0
0,4
-0,3
0,2
1012,7
2,8
B. INTERMEDIATE CONSUMPTION
C. (A-B) GROSS VALUE ADDED ….
D. AMORTIZATIONS…………………..
E. SUBVENTIONS……………………..
F. TAXES………………………………..
14.851,2
20.814,5
3.670,1
6.493,5
167,1
-1,5
2,9
1,3 15.044,8
42,0
-0,1 20.801,6
58,0
-0,6
0,2
3,5
3.649,5
6.505,6
172,9
10,2
18,1
0,5
G. (C+D+E-F) AGRARIAN RENT …..
23.470,8
0,1 23.484,8
65,5
6
1.1.8 Distribution of enterprise per typology of structure
All
entreprises
All enterprises
Individual enterprise
Individual enterprise and
enterprise manager
Trading company
Public organization
Cooperative
Limited company
Other
Enterprises SAU (Ha.)
Enterprises
Enterprises SAU
(Ha.)
Enterprises SAU
(Ha.)
Enterprises SAU
(Ha.)
1.079.420 24.855.129 1.027.822 17.114.251
874.878
SAU (Ha.)
15.088.536
17.078 2.321.946
7
5.502 2.415.945
1.935 230.328
3.617 487.941
23.467
1.1.9 Distribution of Expenses
Years
2003…..
2004…..
2005…..
Seeds
895,7
940,3
926,1
Energy and
lubricants
1.145,5
1.234,9
1.420,9
Fertilizers
1.220,0
1.200,5
1.152,6
Phytosanitary Veterinarian
products
costs
858,8
890,9
789,0
503,3
516,2
530,4
8
Fodder
6.796,5
7.210,2
7.242,5
Materials Agricultural
maintenance services
1.158,1
1.215,3
1.274,7
359,9
382,0
405,5
Other goods
and
services
987,8
1.021,4
1.042,7
Total
14.476,3
15.184,5
15.328,0
1.1.10 Distribution of Income
2005: Evolution of received price index
Index (base
% Variation with the
2000=100)
previous year
2,94
General Index
4,11
Vegetal products
Agricultural
4,29
products
-0,64
Cereals
6,64
Pulses
-21,40
Tubers
-6,21
Industrial crops
6,15
Forage crops
5,25
Citrics
-6,13
Non citric fruits
Fresh non citric
-8,89
fruits
12,90
Nuts
14,47
Vegetables
-7,23
Wine industry
29,59
Olive oil
6,90
Seeds
Flowers and
-22,88
ornamental plants
Animal products
Livestock
Cattle
Sheep
Goat
Pigs
Poultry
Rabbit
Livestock products
Milk
Eggs
Wool
1,45
3,96
4,94
5,96
8,10
2,69
3,99
0,94
-5,04
-0,22
-19,47
-18,65
1. 1. 11 Relevance and recent trends of agricultural sector in National
Economy
9
ECONOMIC INDEX: AGRICULTURAL BRANCH / WHOLE ECONOMY
(Current values at basic prices in EURm)
2003
GDPmp (EURm)
Total employed (thousands people)
GPD per employee (euros)
Gross Value Added. Agriculture Branch (EURm)
Agriculture employed (thousans people)
GVA per employee (euros)
GVA per employee/ GPD per employee (%)
GVA / GPD (%)
AGRICULTURE EMPLOYED / TOTAL (%)
2004
2005
780.550,0
17.296,0
42.105,2
837.316,0
17.421,0
48.063,6
904.323,0
17.969,6
50.325,2
27.679,2
909,4
30.436,8
28.615,5
908,2
31.507,9
26.419,6
904,4
29.212,3
67,4%
65,6%
58,0%
3,5%
3,4%
2,9%
5,3%
5,2%
5,0%
1.2) CULTIVATIONS
GENERAL DISTRIBUTION OF LAND USING THE CLASSIFICATION OF CULTIVATIONS (2005) (Ha)
SPAIN
Cultivation
Grain cereals
Pulses
Tubers
Industrial
Forage
Vegetables
Flowers and ornamental plants
Total cultivation (A)
Fallow land
Other farmwork lands (B)
Total farmwork lands (C=A+B)
Surface
6.840.985
410.730
72.420
728.898
852.630
199.668
1.707
9.107.038
Cultivation
Citrus fruit trees
Non citrus fruit trees
Vineyard
Olive grove
Other trees cultivations
Total cultivation (D)
Greenhouse surface
3.319.193 Family garden
3.319.193 Other cultivation lands
12.426.231 Total cultivation land ( C+D+E)
Meadows and pasturelands
Wooded forestry surface
Other surface
Geographic surface
10
Surface
306.557
1.062.142
1.149.749
2.456.719
59.940
5.051.325
26.419,6
904,4
29.212,3
17.643.678
7.329.335
11.564.276
13.968.521
50.487.836
1.3) BREEDINGS
LIVESTOCK CENSUS DISTRIBUTION IN AUTONOMOUS REGIONS USING THE
CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMALS BREEDINGS (2005)
Autonomous Regions
Galicia …………………………
Principado de Asturias ………
Cantabria ……………………..
País Vasco …………………...
Comunidad Foral de Navarra
La Rioja ………………………
Aragón ……………………….
Cataluña ……………………..
Illes Balears …………………
Castilla y León ……………...
Comunidad de Madrid ……..
Castilla – La Mancha ………
Comunidad Valenciana ……
Región de Murcia ………….
Extremadura ………………..
Andalucía ……………………
Canarias …………………….
Spain ………………………..
Cattle
980.368
398.601
291.339
168.124
118.335
38.545
325.239
608.979
27.024
1.314.596
64.171
366.268
69.513
54.661
826.094
791.712
19.960
6.463.547
Sheep
329.628
63.983
74.063
354.445
753.609
198.174
3.144.790
947.289
336.413
4.042.187
119.761
3.589.594
481.747
666.162
4.545.955
3.146.572
114.204
22.908.576
Goat
75.807
28.818
17.216
26.694
9.669
29.657
49.063
90.774
11.037
132.962
24.169
343.041
89.007
118.382
295.689
1.107.228
392.740
2.841.953
Pigs
847.991
29.569
16.712
31.991
557.879
105.869
4.508.756
6.314.101
41.223
3.557.256
45.459
1.557.902
1.227.404
2.055.883
1.682.492
2.220.807
62.728
24.884.022
1.4) EMPLOYMENT AND LABOUR
1.4.1 Number of people employed in agricultural enterprises
and recent trends at National level
ACTIVITY, EMPLOY AND UNEMPLOYMENT (2003-2005). Primary sector.
Annual average values
(thousands people)
Years
Variation whith previous year
(%)
Percentage over total sectors
Active Employed Unemployed Active Employed Unemployed Active Employed Unemployed
Agriculture
2003
2004
2005
1.082,9
1.077,9
1.045,3
909,4
908,2
904,4
173,5
169,7
141,0
0,8
-0,5
-3,0
0,6
-0,1
-0,4
1.4.2 Distribution per typology of labour contract
11
1,9
-2,2
-16,9
5,5
5,3
5,0
5,3
5,2
5,0
7,1
6,1
4,8
Evoltution of Number of Employees Members of Agriculture Social Security (thousands)
2003
Members
Employed
Self-employed
Total
2004
844,4
289,7
1.134,1
2005
789,8
279,0
1.085,9
772
271,8
1.043,7
Familiar work and Wage-earners in Agriculture Enterprises (2005)
Famiiar
Category
Men
Women
Wage-earning
Steady
Temporary
Men
Women
Men
Women
(thousands people)
Owner
Spouse
Other family
735,0
189,2
426,7
(total people)
292,8
449,5
145,9
58.311
(thousands working days)
4.604
30.679,5
11.522,2
1.4.3 Distribution of yearly number of working days per typology of labour
contract
Annual Work Unit in the Enterprise (UTA)
Todas las
explotaciones
Total Trabaj
o
familia
r:
Total
Trabaj
o
familia
r:
Titular
Trabajo
familiar
:
Cónyu
ge
Trabajo Trabajo
familiar: asalariad
Otros
o: Total
miembr
os
Trabajo
asalariad
o:
Trabajo
fijo
Trabajo
asalariad
o:
Trabajo
eventual
UTA
UTA
UTA
UTA
UTA
UTA
UTA
992.64
649.481 409.896 119.102
2
12
120.483
UTA
343.161
158.242
184.919
1.4.4 Presence of foreign workers
Foreign workers living in housing units
(nationality, activity sector, absolute value, percentage)
Units: absolute values in thousands people
Total
Agriculture
Absolute Value Percentage Absolute Value Percentage
Total
Double nacionality
EU
Rest of Europe
Morocco
Rest of Africa
USA and Canada
Latin America
Resto of the World
679,6
100,0
51,9
7,6
63,4
100,0
1,9
3,0
89,4
100,0
3,8
4,2
118,6
100,0
10,9
9,2
70,3
100,0
10,9
15,4
27,9
100,0
3,2
11,5
4,3
100,0
..
..
287,3
100,0
21,2
7,4
18,5
100,0
0,1
0,5
1.4.5 Labour Demand and Supply
Labour demands (sex, activity, type). Unit: thousands of demands (annual average)
Total Unemployment registred
BOTH SEX
Total
AgrarIan
3.036,9
301,8
2.069,9
59,4
1.192,6
111,6
818,0
28,6
1.844,3
190,2
1.251,8
30,7
MALES
Total
Agrarian
FEMALES
Total
Agrarian
13
Registred contracts (modality, years, activity sector).
Unit: Number of registred contracts.
2004
2005
Total
TOTAL
OPEN-ENDED EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT
Ordinary
Promotion of Open-ended contracting (1)
Inicial Contracts
Open-ended Contracts Conversión
TEMPORARY CONTRACT
Obra o servicio
Temporary contract. Production circumstances
Interinidad
Workplacement
Training
Handicapped
Retirement sustitution (64 years)
Temporary. Job placement program
Replacing contract
Part-time retirement
Others
14
Agrarian
Total
Agrarian
16.350.784 1.831.897 17.164.965 1.789.762
1.419.718
39.211 1.542.838
40.504
491.648
26.521
547.449
26.380
928.070
12.690
995.389
14.124
314.626
4.844
295.306
4.112
613.444
7.846
700.083
10.012
14.931.066 1.792.686 15.622.127 1.749.258
6.057.836
632.272 6.401.169
717.470
7.117.436 1.064.198 7.487.659
976.541
1.234.104
3.400 1.314.449
3.432
85.845
355
85.577
326
126.534
496
120.584
785
11.093
105
12.646
117
1.684
20
1.697
13
67.523
294
4.969
17
16.030
56
22.751
94
15.780
62
21.232
85
197.201
91.428
149.394
50.378
2. LOCAL AREA SELECTED
(Lleida Province, Catalonia 2005, Spain , compared with the previous years)
2.1
AVERAGE STRUCTURE OF AGRICULTURAL
ENTERPRISES
2.1.1 Number of active agricultural enterprises at local selected level:
Number of enterprises and recorded surface
Catalonia. Sèrie temporal.
—
With lands
Year
—
2005
2003
—
Without
total
Total
land —
Cultivation. Culitvat. Cultiv.
57503
60436
604
755
With livestock
—
—
ha Cultiv.
ha
56899 1926783
59681 1916525
15275 803432
14639 735222
Without livestock
—
ha Cultiv.
Cultiv.
41624
45042
with SAU
With other lands
—
ha Cultiv
ha
1123350 56481 1162230 36847
1181303 59137 1148501 36686
764553
768024
1999.
—
With lands
—
Without
Total
Total
Land —
Cultiv.. Cultivat. Cultiv.
—
Provínce of Lleida
Catalonia
23466
77839
338
1259
With livestock
Without livestock
With SAU
With other lands
—
—
—
—
ha Cultiv.
ha Cultiv
ha Cultiv
ha Cultiv
ha
23128 1049678 6202 274906 16926
76580 2303979 17891 768263 58689
15
774772 21953 590965 14581 458713
1535716 72006 1156828 43743 1147151
2.1.2 Total
and average SAU Agricultural Surface Used at local selected
level
Used agrarian surface distribution
Catalonia. Serie temporal.
Year
2005
2003
Cultiv..
56481
59137
Total
Non irrigated land
—
—
ha
Cultiv.
ha
1162230
40957
910923
1148501
41556
906580
Irrigated land
Farmed lands
—
Cultiv.
40677
40089
ha
251306
241921
Cultiv.
55550
58217
Permanent pastures
—
ha
Cultiv.
ha
784069
5317
378161
797835
4107
350666
1999.
Total
secà
Provínce of Lleida
Catalonia
regadiu
Terres llaurades Pastures permanents
—
—
—
—
explot.
ha Explot.
ha explot.
ha explot.
ha
explot.
ha
21953 590965 14642 450654 15743 140311 21398 366366
1942
224599
72006 1156828 53708 919410 44988 237418 70770 817031
4607
339797
2.1.3 Economical productive specialization at local selected level. Catalonia
EURm
in common terms .
Producers prices
2003
2004
3.678,94
3.742,14
1.416,54
1.314,44
2.141,23
2.306,63
41,48
41,37
79,69
79,69
-2.022,79
-2.194,96
1.656,15
1.547,18
274,38
325,89
GROSS VALUE ADDED FACTOR COST….
1.930,53
1.873,06
Amortitzations .........................
AGRARIAN RENT …..
-281,31
-281,31
1.649,22
1.591,75
AGRARIAN BRANCH PRODUCTION
VEGETAL PRODUCTION ………..
ANIMAL PRODUCION …………….
FORESTRY PRODUCTION ………
OTHER PRODUCIONS …………..
Out of Sector Costs
GROSS VALUE ADDED MARKET COST….
Subventions……………………..
16
2.1.4 Distribution of agricultural enterprises per range of dimension
Agrarian enterprises size according to total surface
Catalunya. Sèrie temporal.
Total wit lands
- 1 ha
ha Cultiv
1 - 2 ha
ha Cultiv
2 - 5 ha
ha
Cultiv
5 - 10 ha
ha Cultiv
10a- 20 ha
ha
Cultiv
20 - 50 ha
ha Cultiv
50 - 100 ha
ha Cultiv
100 - 200 ha
200 or + ha
Year
Cultiv
ha
Cultiv
2005
56899
1926783
1711 1012
6802 9327 12390 40390
9308 66804 11190
158476
8715
273660
3844
264996
1650
233291
ha Cultiv
1289
878828
ha
2003
59681
1916525
2213 1432
6784 9170 13811 45054
9756 69300 11416
162971
9266
291266
3344
231512
1830
241933
1262
863887
1999.
Total wit lands
Cultiv..
-1 ha
ha Cultiv.
1 - 2 ha
2 - 5 ha
ha Cultiv.
ha Cultiv.
2608
5 - 10 ha
ha Cultiv.
3825 12760
10 - 20 ha
ha Cultiv.
4067 29373
4376
20- 50 ha
ha Cultiv.
62397
50 - 100 ha
ha Cultiv.
100- 200 ha
ha Cultiv.
Provínce of Lleida
23128 1049678
1658 891
1810
4407 136961
1651 112590
Catalonia
76580 2303979
8926 4863
9334 13137 15876 51469 12893 91647 11554 163054 10376 321476
3896 268012
714
200 or + ha
ha Cultiv.
96247
2065 280851
ha
620
595851
1660 1109470
2.1.5 Distribution of enterprise per typology of structure. Catalonia (2005)
All
entreprises
All enterprises
Individual enterprise Individual enterprise and enterprise
manager
Trading company
Public organization Cooperative
Limited company
Other
Enterprises SAU
(Ha.)
Enterprises SAU
(Ha.)
Enterprises SAU
(Ha.)
Enterprises SAU
(Ha.)
Enterprises SAU
(Ha.)
57.503 1.162.230
52.711 764.854
Enterprises
SAU (Ha.)
46.255
703.238
1.974 89.230
17
240 164.364
Enterprises SAU
(Ha.)
64
7.232
357 26.613
2.158 109.937
2.1.6 Distribution of Income
2003/2004: Final Agrarian Production.2003-2004.
Products , current prices.EURm. Catalonia
2003
Agricultural
products
Cereals
Pulses
Tubers
Industrial crops
Forage crops
Citrics
Fresh non citric
fruits
Nuts
Vegetables
Wine industry
Olive oil
Seeds
Flowers and
ornamental plants
2004
1.416,54
1.314,44
168,43
188,35
1,20
1,23
29,73
46,76
3,54
4,39
30,58
29,67
47,29
35,79
418,82
570,34
31,43
54,62
227,76
194,64
111,77
121,28
37,39
64,46
24,74
24,74
115,38
112,72
2004
2003
Animal products
Livestock
Cattle
Sheep and Goat
Pigs
Poultry
Others
Livestock products
Milk
Eggs
Others
2.141,23
2.306,63
1.768,86
1.909,88
306,94
308,55
19,22
20,16
1.018,10
1.130,00
356,82
386,42
67,78
64,76
372,37
396,75
199,14
229,66
169,42
163,29
3,80
3,80
2.1.7 Recent trends of specific local agricultural activities in relation to
National Agriculture. Catalonia
Value
18
Volume variation (%)
2004
2005
2006
2004
2005
2006
167.479
181.029
195.284
3,2
3,3
3,9
2.446
2.457
2.613
0,3
-2,6
3,8
Indústry
36.238
37.238
39.338
0,4
-0,1
2,9
Construction
14.117
16.360
18.510
5,0
5,4
5,4
Services
98.623
106.951
114.554
3,7
4,3
3,8
Taxes
16.054
18.023
20.268
5,4
3,8
5,7
GDP pm
Agriculture
Unit: EURm
ECONOMIC INDEX:
AGRICULTURAL BRANCH / WHOLE ECONOMY in Spain (Current values
at basic prices in EURm)
2003
GDPmp (EURm)
Total employed (thousands people)
GPD per employee (euros)
Gross Value Added. Agriculture Branch (EURm)
Agriculture employed (thousans people)
GVA per employee (euros)
GVA per employee/ GPD per employee (%)
GVA / GPD (%)
AGRICULTURE EMPLOYED / TOTAL (%)
19
2004
2005
780.550,0
17.296,0
42.105,2
837.316,0
17.421,0
48.063,6
904.323,0
17.969,6
50.325,2
27.679,2
909,4
30.436,8
28.615,5
908,2
31.507,9
26.419,6
904,4
29.212,3
67,4%
65,6%
58,0%
3,5%
3,4%
2,9%
5,3%
5,2%
5,0%
2.2 CULTIVATIONS
AGRARIAN PRODUCTION. 2003-2004. MAIN LEADING PRODUCTS. Tons
LLEIDA
Wheat
2003
2004
Barley
2003
2004
Maize
2003
2004
Forage
2003
2004
Non citric fresh fruits
2003
2004
Vineyard
2003
2004
Olive grove
2003
2004
CATALONIA
124185
122464
256404
268992
341629
429365
561676
680768
265632
291146
361406
411047
2120927
2071207
3437284
3449563
864918
680309
1057101
787714
35180
39730
487564
557521
12148
24000
142098
117862
2.3 BREEDINGS
LIVESTOCK FARMS (2004)
Catalonia
Lleida
Farms
Sheep
Cattle
Pigs
and
Goat
7379
4266
8639
2942945
1179
3805
20
Total
20284
7929
Capacity of Farms
Sheep
Cattle
Pigs
Total
and
Goat
834046 1414457 6045682 8294185
378261 396766 3414209 4189236
2.4 EMPLOYMENT AND LABOUR
Number of people employed, recent trends and distribution in
agricultural enterprises at local selected level
WORKING POPULATION IN CATALONIA 1999-2003. AGRICOLAR SECTOR.
1999
Workers
family
owner
spouse
others
steady wage- earner
Total
Annual work unit
family
owner
spouse
others
wage- earner
steady
temporary
Total
2003
112701
62366
22974
27361
16869
129570
122084
55675
34329
32080
18323
140407
49548
33177
7953
8418
21931
13763
8168
71479
46470
28632
8393
9445
25783
15799
9984
72253
21
3. THE LEGISLATIVE AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
3.1. Regulations of Labour and Employment in Agriculture
Several community statistics allow to measure under different perspectives the
employment in the agricultural sector: the statistics of the employment (survey
for poll on the workforces, annual estimations of the employment) and the
agricultural statistics (agrarian censures and surveys about the structure of the
agricultural developments), whose methodologies and concepts are different.
The first approach of the employment in the agricultural sector consists of
placing it inside the global employment and of comparing it with the
employment in other economic sectors. The corresponding information comes
from the statistics of the employment, where it places to occupied in the
economic sector in which they exercise its principal activity, and the
characteristics of the employment measure up according to identical concepts
of a sector of activity to other one.
Nevertheless, these statistics do not cover the set of the persons employees in
the agricultural sector. In effect, one of the characteristics of the agricultural
employment resides in the importance of the part-time work ; an important part
of the agricultural assets exercises its principal activity in other sectors. In the
statistics of employment, these persons will not qualify as agricultural assets
But the surveys about the structure of the agricultural developments allow a
more exact measure of the employment in the agriculture, when the persons
take into account so much employees in full-time work as in part-time work .
The information on the time of work allows, turning the number of employees
in units equivalent to full-time workers - so called units of work year (UTA)-, to
know the volume of work really dedicated to the agricultural activity, the only
valid measure of the contribution of the work in the agricultural sector, having
into account the importance of the part-time work.
In agreement with this source, the total number of persons registered in
agricultural developments in the EU 25 in 2003 is 20.292.000, whereas the total
number of UTA was 9.861.000, which was involving UTA's average for working
person in the agrarian exploitation of 0,45, with considerable variations
according to the different members states.
The process of modernization of the Spanish agriculture, which begins to take
place with special intensity at the beginning of the sixties, and the consistent
crisis of the traditional agriculture have originated strong changes in the
composition of the factors of production and specifically of the workforce in the
agrarian sector. As consequence of this process, a strong reduction of the
working population has been registered in the agriculture and a complex joint
22
of the modalities of work in the agriculture and in the same rural society, which
concerns the qualification, flexibility, labour strategies and systems of social
organization. The conversion of the primary sector in tertiary, the part-time
agriculture, unitedly with the multifunctionality of the rural society, they shape
a new scene of the labour and social relations in this rural enviroment and in
the agrarian sector.
According to the information provided by the Survey of Active Population (EPA),
the active agrarian population has passed of being 14,2 % on the total active
population in 1986 to 5,3 % in 2005. So much the information derived from the
Agrarian Censuses as of the Surveys of Structures of Agricultural Developments
they reveal a constant fall of the familiar work measured in UTA, which,
anyway, continues representing 68 % of the whole of work in the agriculture.
On the other hand, the Surveys of Active Population show up the drastic
reduction of the familiar economic aids and the correlative increase of the
wage-earning work, so much steady as, especially, temporary employee, in the
Spanish agriculture.
It is considered of special importance to affect in the relevancy of women’s
work inside the area of the familiar exploitation in their diverse socialprofessional situations and as wage-earner (especially temporary employee) in
the agriculture and the food-processing industry. Approximately 41 % of the
total employment of the mentioned industry (475.000 persons) involved
women.
On having finished the third quarter of 2006 there were 983,5 thousands of
persons affiliated to the REASS, of which 73,9 % was involved workers
employed by third part and the rest for self-employed workers. 45 % of the
persons affiliated to the REASS are women and 15 % of the affiliated ones to
the Special Regime of the Sea.
In October, 2005, the Government reached an agreement with the principal
professional agrarian organizations for the reform of the REASS (Special
Agrarian Regime of National Health Service), which aim was to bring over the
protection conditions of the agrarian self-employed workers to the regime
applicable to the majority of the autonomous workers (Special Regime of
Autonomous Workers - RETA). For that reason it is foreseen to include, from
2008 and inside RETA a " special system for self-employed agrarian workers ".
Likewise in December, 2005 an agreement was reached between the
Government and the Food-processing Federations of GENERAL TRADE UNION
OF WORKERS and Workers' Commissions for the improvement of the protection
system by unemployment of the agrarian workers, centred on the workers
employed by third part and specially in the temporary employees.
23
On the other hand, the claim of the shared ownership in the agrarian
developments is a historical demand of farmer and cattle women . With the
reform of the REASS there has been obtained the possibility that rural women
share the ownership of the lands at which they are employed together with
their husbands, there has been achieved also the juridical and social recognition
of wives’ work who traditionally collaborate in the agrarian exploitation.
Women's incorporation to the agriculture.
Rural world, on the other hand, has been characterized traditionally by a
marked typical male attitude, it being still had relegated the woman to a
secondary role and in many cases, by a mere collaborator of the tasks
recovered by the man, often without social recognition not economically, that is
to say, without salary and without being registered in the National Health
Service.
It is necessary, therefore, to eliminate the inequality between men and women
and to foment equal opportunities for both, by means of the support to projects
which initiative and execution is carried out by women, and it is recognized in
the Regulations previously mentioned, which regulate at the Community level,
the rural development .
One of the measures that can help to relieve this situation of inequality is the
incorporation of the women to the agrarian sector as holders of the
developments. The mentioned Royal decree 613/2001 has foreseen that the
economical aids to the first installation of young farmers, consisting of bonuses
of interests and prime for exploitation, increase in 10 % in the suppositions
in which it is a young woman the beneficiary of the same ones.
This additional help has as aim to foment the incorporation of the woman into
the agrarian sector and favor her access to the ownership of better measured ,
more modern and viable companies technology and economically, avoiding the
aging of the population with the consequent generational relief, and helping to
compensate this way the current demographic imbalance man and women in
the rural world. It is a positive action, so, that gets the equality of
opportunities.
The helps granted to the women
In the next graphics form the information relative to the helps to the first
installation of young farmers approved during the year 2000 to 2006,
correspondents to the operative programs and of rural development applied in
the above mentioned period of programming
24
Helps to the first instllation of young farmers (euromillions )
Año
Nº beneficiaries
Investment (milion €)
Total aids (milion €)
Measured aid per beneficiary (€)
2.000
3.561
117,9
56,0
15.739
2.001
4.299
181,9
81,4
18.925
2.002
4.082
195,8
87,6
21.451
2.003
3.865
205,2
82,7
21.409
2.004
2.924
165,3
62,6
21.423
2.005
3.265
196,7
90,2
27.639
2.006
3.935
218,8
105,5
26.801
TOTAL 25.931
1.281,6
566,1
21.829
*General subdepartment of Equality and Modernization. MAPA
Since parts with the Picture 1, from the year 2002 there takes place a sensitive
increase of the average help with regard to the previous years, with a
maximum in 2005, probably for the influence of the measures established in the
Royal decree 1650/2004, of July 9, which increased the helps to the first
installation of young farmers. In addition, these quantities increase in 10 %
when the beneficiary is a young woman from 2001.
Nevertheless, this increase of the helps has not served to invest the trend to
the fall that there present the numbers of young farmers who join with this
help, since from the year 2002, it has continued the progressive decrease of the
number of beneficiaries, though in the last years a sensitive improvement has
existed, turning out to be an average of 3.704 beneficiaries / year. This
situation is parallel to the one that has been produced in other developed
countries specially tied, on the one hand, to the increase of the productivity of
the workforce associated with the mechanization and incorporation of
technologies and, for other one, to the reduction of the competitiveness of the
production while the commercial opening has been increased and the
exchanges have been facilitated by other developed and in development
countries.
25
3.2. Regulations of Training opportunities of Human Resources in
Agriculture
The regulations as for the training agriculture (and in the rest of sectors) are
divided in national bonuses and bonuses to level of autonomous community
(Catalonia), besides the helps that could come from project or European
initiatives
At a national level, to mention the Tripartite Foundation for the Formation and
the Employment. It is the state entity entrusted to stimulate and coordinate the
execution of the public policies as for Vocational training, in the area of the
employment and the labour relations, developing its attributions in the frame of
the Law 50/2002, of December 26 of Foundations.
It forms a part of the organs of participation and management that compose
the organizational structure of the subsystem of Permanent training, together
with the State Commission of Permanent training and the Equal Sectorial and
Territorial Commissions.
The Law of General Budgets of the State assigns every year the resources
destined for the Permanent training across the Budgets of the Public Service of
State Employment. These resources come from the collection of the Quota of
Vocational training that the National Health Service realizes.
The Social European Fund takes part in the cofinancing of the Initiatives of
Formation, across the Operative Programs Plurirregionales of action as for
Permanent training and Reinforcement of the Managerial Initiative, which 20002006 contemplate in the Community Frame of Support for Spain for the period.
It takes as an object the training of the unemployed and occupied workers (of
any sector) to improve their professional training and personal development.
At the level of Autonomous Community (Catalonia), there exist several
organisms that manage and promote the training in the sectorial foodprocessing area. Inside Catalonia's Autonomous government , there exist the
Department of Work and the Department of Agriculture, Nourishment and Rural
Action (section of Agrarian Training), where several organisations offer training
subsidized to companies - workers of the sector.
The Department of Work relies on the Consortium for the Permanent training
and the institute of Formation and Cooperative Promotion.
The Department of Agriculture offers courses for farmers and ranchers in the
School of Agrarian Training.
26
3.3. Social parties, structures and organizations representing workers
and employers
Administración General del Estado www.060.es
Departament de Treball de la Generalitat de Catalunya www.gencat.net/treball
Instituto Nacional de la Seguridad Social (INSS) www.seg-social.es
Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) www.ine.es
Institut d’Estadística de Catalunya www.idescat.net
Ministerio de Trabajo y asuntos sociales www.mtas.es
Organización Internacional del Trabajo www.ilo.org
Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) www.who.int
Patronat Cátala Pro Europa www.infoeuropa.org
Servicio Público de Empleo Estatal www.inem.es
Sistemas de Atención Ciudadana www.gencat.net
Tribunal Laboral de Catalunya www.tlc.es
27
3.4. Strategies put in action for valorization of Human Resources in
Agriculture
Increase of the competitiveness of the agricultural and forest sector
For the attainment of the present objective there have been defined the
following measures, which will develop in the following paragraphs:
Information and vocational training
Installation of young farmers
Early retirement of the farmers and of the agricultural workers
Utilization of services of advice on the part of the farmers
Implantation of services of management, substitution and advice
Modernization of the agrarian developments
Increase of the value added of agricultural and forest products
Cooperation for the development of new products, processes and
technologies
Improvement and development of the agricultural and forest infrastructures
Adjustment to the community procedure: trazabilidad of the agrarian
products
Support the farmers who take part in programs relative to the quality of the
food
Rest to the producers' groups as for development of activities of information
and promotion on qualit programs of the food
28
4. NATIONAL GOOD PRACTICES
4.1 Identification and description of good practices
Table “Good Practices”
29
AREA
System & Institutional Organization
LEVEL
Specific Actions, Initiatives and Experimentations
3 - C-Test: Online training Project by the Woman's
Institute
Training & support for competences
and skills development in Agriculture
4 - Blended Computer training (Traditional teachint, Elearning) for working Women in rural Areas.
5 - Women and Craftmanship in the Mountain Areas:
social Diagnosis, Dynamism and Dissemination
Program of Women's Activities around Craftmanship
and traditional Crafts in the Mountains Areas of Lleida.
1 -Training Courses as
Co-development Agents.
6 - Vocational training for over 45 Women with social
Evaluation for Valorization of workers
Exlusion Risk
and human resources in Agriculture 2 -Creation of the Interdisciplinar
Seminar for Woman's
7- Health, Security and Welfare in Agriculture.
Studies -University of Lleida, Spain8- Employment Workshop in La Vansa i Tuixent Valley:
a program for training and employing unemployed
Women.
30
Good Practice N. 1
Title/Name: TRAINING COURSES AS CO-DEVELOPMENT
AGENTS
Referring Institution UNIÓ DE PAGESOS DE CATALUNYA – PAGESOS SOLIDARIS
Responsable for its Av. Francesc Cambó, 14, 3B 08003 – BARCELONA
implementation: SPAIN
TEL: 0034 93 26 80 900
Contact person and mail:
Jaume Font: [email protected]
Web: www.pagesossolidaris.org
UNIÓ DE PAGESOS DE CATALUNYA
Av. Tortosa, 2 25005 - LLEIDA
SPAIN
TEL: 0034 973 28 82 00
Contact person and mail: Paquita Escoi / [email protected]
Web: www.uniopagesos.org
Eventual other actuator partners:
Source of fundings:
⌧
⌧
⌧
Typology of involvement of
beneficiary
⌧
Public
Private
Contributions of workers
Contributions of employers/enterprisers
Other
Compulsory/foreseen by specific regulations
Free/optional
Public sensiblization initiatives
Private sensibilization initiatives
Trade Union sensibilization initiatives
Organization of workers sensibilization initiatives
Other
Eventual origin of the GP: “Pagesos Solidaris” (supportive farmers) is a foundation boosted by the
agrarian trade union “Unió de Pagesos” to welcome and take in immigrant
people who work temporarily in the harvest time in Catalonia, whether it is on a
social or industrial level. Programs to promote personal autonomy, health,
language and training are carried out by them.
Training courses as co-development agent have qualified temporary workers
who have later set in motion development projects in their countries of origin.
From 2004 the project has been also implemented in Valencia Community and
Balearic Islands.
Systems envolved:
⌧
⌧
⌧
Education
Vocational Training
Employment & Labour market
Market
Other
31
Description of the GP: Training temporary workers as co-development agents is an innovative aspect
to create new chances in its origin which can become a significant alternative
to migration.
The employed methodology in the development courses is based on Popular
Education, consisting in building up knowledge in a collective way as a result
of participant people’s knowledge.
General and specific Objectives Training temporary workers as co-development agents during and/or at the
of the GP: end of the harvest time in Catalonia so that they can achieve development
projects in their countries, strengthening supportive work in group and gender
equity in their communities of origin.
Typology of services foreseen
and provided by the GP:
1. Carrying out introduction courses to co-development to the temporary
workers collective who work in the harvest time to explain the program
undertaken by the Foundation
2. Selection of the people who will take part in the course as codevelopment agents out of the contacted people in the introduction
courses and the ones interested in attending it
3. Running the training course as co-development agent.
4. Encouraging and accompanying the rural development projects
promoted by the agents in their country of origin
Targets: Temporary workers in the harvest time in Catalonia, Valencia and Majorca.
2005: 250 men y 270 women from Morocco, Romania, Colombia and Bolivia.
Results of the GP: 2005: 250 men and 270 women from Morocco, Romania, Colombia and
Bolivia in the introduction courses to co-development
54 people selected for the course as co-development agent from which 23 are
women.
9 co-development projects promoted in different countries of origin of the
trained agents, for example:
Development project for rural women from Sidy Yamani (Morocco) through
technical training courses, alphabetization and awareness lectures. 5 codevelopment agent women involved, 105 women taking part in the activities
from which 55 in the course of alphabetization
Project for the consolidation of Al Mostakbal training centre in Sidi Yamani
(Morocco) in order to support the creation of productive groups of women in
the community. 5 co-development agent women involved, creation of a first
productive group of dressmakers, confection and embroidery
Associative project for the production and sale of bread and cakes made with
quinoa flour with rural women from Puerres (Colombia). 1 agent woman and 3
agent men involved, 17 women from the rural area beneficiaries
Project for the production, transformation and commercialization of uchuva in
Guasca, (Colombia). 5 agent men and 2 agent women involved. Creation of an
agrarian cooperative. Women got involved in all project phases especially in
the transformation one.
Duration: Training: Two months
32
Good Practice N. 2
Title/Name: CREATION OF THE INTERDISCIPLINAR SEMINAR
FOR WOMAN’S STUDIES - UNIVERSITY OF
LLEIDA , SPAIN Referring Institution Interdisciplinar Seminar for Woman’s Studies (SIED): University of Lleida,
Responsable for its teléfono +34 973 703 396; [email protected]
Contact person and mail: President: Mª Ángeles Calero
implementation:
[email protected],
Eventual other actuator
partners:
Source of fundings:
⌧
beneficiary
⌧
Public
Private
Other
Free/optional
Other
th
Eventual origin of the GP: Since its creation, in 1991, as a university association, till the 6 of March
2006, the SIED was working to achieve a self service inside the University of
Lleida for developing the tasks they do develop in the association. They did
reach their objective on 7th March 2006.
7th March 2006 was the date in which the Centre for Equal Opportunities and
Women’s Promotion was created inside the University of Lleida with the aim
of introducing and promoting gender perspective in university’s teaching and
research, training and dissemination activity, and elaborating equal plans
inside the University of Lleida and for the public and private institutions
interested. Nowadays, the SIED has representations in the Guidance Board
in the Centre for Equal Opportunities and Women Promotion.
During these 15 years, the SIED has become a reference point inside and
outside the region of Lleida, diversifying its activities and demonstrating the
necessity of the institutions to assume the role the non-governmental
institutions have been doing in the promotion of women’s welfare state.
The creation of the SIED has been innovative for the University of Lleida
because never before did anyone think of a centre with such profile, as there
is in many other Spanish universities.
Systems envolved:
⌧
Education
Vocational Training
Market
Other
33
Description of the GP: The seminar is a non profit association that works in the different counties in
region of Lleida. Its branch office is inside the University of Lleida. It has a
Library and other branches for activity management and organization. It is
integrated by women interested in the women’s reality and gender issues.
The seminar is in charge of organizing different activities related to women
during the school year, not only inside the University of Lleida but also in any
other public or private institution, governmental or non-governmental.
Besides, the seminar participates in European programs with other feminist
groups, as well as in other international cooperation projects with Third World
Women.
General and specific Objectives GENERAL OBJECTIVE
of the GP: Provide knowledge about women so that these become the starting point of
positive actions.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
-To make population aware of women’s reality in our city and country.
-To bring gender equality issues closer to society (Lleida, Catalonia and
Spanish society).
- To promote the results on women’s studies in all teaching and researching
areas.
Typology of services foreseen Step 1: its activity started in 1987 as a history research group. In 1991 it was
and provided by the GP: set up as a university association with a plural disciplinary character,
adopting the name of Interdisciplinar Seminar for Woman’s Studies (SIED),
integrating other knowledge areas and giving a new thrust to the feminist
collective of the University of Lleida.
Step 2: from 1992 to 1995 the main activity of the SIED has been the
constitution of the Centre of Woman’s Studies and Documentation. The
centre offers its counselling services for teachers, pupils, researchers and
teaching centres that have the necessity of a specific bibliography on women,
gender and/or feminism.
Step 3: many courses, seminars and conferences have been organized in
different thematic areas, all related to women.
Step 4: in 2005 a new agreement is signed between the SIED and University
of Lleida for the creation of a university structure for assuming the SIED’s
work from 1991. In 2006, the Centre for the Gender Equality and Women’s
Promotion is created.
Targets: Interdisciplinar Seminar for Woman’s Studies’ (onwards, SIED) managing
organ is composed by over 70 women, all of them registered in the
organization. Around 20 of them are involved in the internal management and
organizational tasks, with the help of non partner volunteers. There are also 2
internship people in charge of the website up-dating and managing the
Library. Due to agreements signed with various organizations and a gender
project, there are other people in charge of different activities addressed to
training, material creation and equal opportunities.
The activities done are especially addressed to women from the city and
region of Lleida, even if it is not an essential requirement. Men are often
accepted.
34
Results of the GP: The most obvious results are those related to the participation, follow-up and
assessment of the courses the SIED offers inside the different university
degrees. Most of the inscribed people are women with special interests on
gender issues. Their commitment is normally high. On the other hand, in
public events (seminars, conferences…) as well as in feminist claims (8th
March, Worker Women’s Day, and 25th November, Worldwide Day against illtreated women) an important citizenship participation is to be underlined,
specially university people’s participation.
2005-2006 an online Masters was started for training Equal Opportunity
Agents; positive actions in rural areas. Such masters received a grant from
the Catalan Institute for Women. Around 10 people are inscribed and a
second edition is foreseen for next school year (2006-2007).
Besides, SIED is actually participating on a European Initiative on Equal
Opportunities called Dona/Home Rurals, being responsible of one of the
project’s 23 actions. It consists on organizing workshop for coeducative
material creation addressed to primary and secondary teachers in the
province of Lleida.
Duration: 1991-2007.
35
Good Practice N. 3
Title/Name: C-TEST: ONLINE TRAINING PROJECT BY THE
WOMAN’S INSTITUTE
Referring Institution CENTRE TECNOLÒGIC FORESTAL DE CATALUNYA
Responsable for its Pujada del Seminari s/n
implementation: 25280 Solsona (Spain)
Contact person and e-mail address: Isabel Rodríguez
[email protected]
Web site: http://www.tt.mtas.es/mujer-ctest
Source of fundings:
beneficiary
⌧
⌧
⌧
Public
Private
Other
Free/optional
Other
Eventual origin of the GP: E-work is an option to promote women’s conciliation of professional and family
life. Nowadays women in Spain have a poor leaning on this work option.
This good practice promotes the training of women as e-workers, a new way of
integration into the labour market.
Systems envolved:
⌧
⌧
⌧
Education
Vocational Training
Market
Other
Description of the GP: The women’s institute (Instituto de la Mujer) is a public institution belonging the
Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, through the General Secretary for Equal
Policies. It was created in 1983 and remodelled in 1997.
The Women’s institute e-learning is a training process that is formed by
different courses about: windows, internet, graphic design, informatics,
program, and others. These courses are made during 8 weeks and the degree
is for 85 hours of course.
36
of the GP: To promote e-work and e-learning in New Technologies as a new way of
labour insertion for women.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
- To train women in ICT
- To get the labour insertion through the labour exchange
- To inform users about the traditional learning
- To offer bibliographic resources about enterprise, human resources,
telemarketing and e-work
Typology of services foreseen C-TEST Project of the Women’s Institute uses a Services Virtual Centre. One
and provided by the GP: of the services offered is e-learning. Women can register themselves online on
the courses they are interested in. All materials are within the work table of the
course.
Steps followed:
- STEP 1: In 2001 the Women’s Institute created the e-learning Project for
women in Spain. It was a free initiative for all interested women.
- STEP 2: Women can register themselves online into the courses
- STEP 3: At the moment they register themselves the system gives the
woman a USER NAME and a PASSWORD
- STEP 4: Once registered, a tutor is assigned to each of the registered
women. The tutor will help the woman to accomplish the course and will do the
necessary follow up for accomplishing the course (by e-mail)
- STEP 5: The trainee has to finish the course in 8 weeks
- STEP 6: When the course finishes the student receives an accomplishment
diploma with the number of hours specified
Targets: Women in Spain willing to learn or work with ICT
The target group are women:
- Under 25 years old: 18%
- Between 25 and 45 years old: 74%
- Over 45 years: 8%
- Unemployed: 70%
- Employed: 30%
Total number of trained women 2001/2006: 25.200
Results of the GP: The exact numbers of women that have trained themselves with this
programme between the years 2001 -2006 are 25200 (4200 women per year).
Duration: 2001-2007.
37
Good Practice N. 4
Title/Name: BLENDED COMPUTER TRAINING (TRADITIONAL
TEACHING, E-LEARNING) FOR WORKING WOMEN
IN RURAL AREAS.
Referring Institution FUNDACIÓ CATALANA DE COOPERACIÓ
Responsable for its Av. Tortosa 2 (Edifici Mercolleida)
implementation: 25005 Lleida
Spain
www.fundacop.org
Contact person and mail: Ainhoa Berganza [email protected]
Source of fundings:
⌧
⌧
⌧
beneficiary
⌧
⌧
⌧
Public
Private
Other
Free/optional
Other
Eventual origin of the GP: - Rural area. All small countries are badly communicated (between them and
with the capital), and even if there are many computer skills’ courses running
in the capital, the assistance is long and tiring for just a course.
- Low rates of unemployment. The aim of training women is not for employing
them, but for empowering and offering new training methodologies adapted to
the necessities of different profiles.
- Women search new training methodologies. Women are looking
methodologies that permit family and work life conciliation; open and distance
training combination gives the change for doing so.
Systems envolved:
⌧
⌧
Education
Vocational Training
Market
Description of the GP: The methodology of the training was very new, offering flexible learning,
combination of traditional teaching and e-learning. Depending on the women’s
previous knowledge (basic, medium, advanced), the program had a higher
percentage of traditional teaching learning (with a professor). An exam was
done the first day for evaluating the level and a personalized study plan was
developed depending on such level. The average percentage of traditional
teaching learning was around 50% (higher for basic course, up to 75%). The
personalized study plan was developed in the e-learning hours.
38
General and specific Objectives
of the GP:
-
-
Train working women in rural areas in computer skills and knowledge
Offer new training methodologies that include distance
training/learning
Offer personalised training adapted to the needs of different women
Give the possibility of training/learning to all rural locations of Lleida,
contacting with public organizations for classroom use (public schools,
city halls) for traditional training lessons
Typology of services foreseen Step 1: Analysis of needs (4 months). Survey on rural women’s basic
and provided by the GP: competencies, where among others, deficiencies on basic computer
knowledge is detected.
Step 2: Target group definition (2 months). Rural working women (all women
but specially those over 45) who have been in labour market for some years
but are not skilled enough in computer knowledge (from basic level to
advanced level).
Step 3: Research and selection of training material (8 months). A research
was done on existing computer skills training courses and materials.
Considering the rural context of Lleida and the target group, open and distance
training materials were chosen on basic computer skills training, Word, Excel,
Access, PowerPoint, Internet, Outlook. Different knowledge levels: basic,
medium, high, with an specific study plan for each student, to be developed
during the e-learning training. Such e-learning training is done with CDs, easy
to be installed in the computer and with no Internet connection need (which is
not easy to find in some rural areas of our countryside)
Step 4: Design of workplan (4 months). All different regions of the country of
Lleida are contacted (city halls and SME –Small and Medium Enterprises-),
and the training offer is launched. The only requirement is having a computer
room and availability for around 2 months. Interested organizations (city halls
and/or sme) request the specific courses they are interested in (basic, Word,
Excel, Access, PowerPoint, Internet, Outlook). A minimum of 15 people is
required, maximum 20, per group. The duration of the courses: 20 hours (1,5
hour-2 hours per lesson).
On workplan design, most of the training required is basic, with some specific
courses (Access, Excel mainly) on medium and high level.
Step 5: Implementation and dissemination (18 months). Courses were
implemented in the territory, from November 2003 till December 2004, in the
locations requested. The dissemination was done through the project web
page (www.ruralialleida.com) and through publicity leaflets specific for such
training.
Step 6: Evaluation (throughout all project): each training course was
evaluated once finished (the trainer, the e-learning material, the methodology –
both traditional and distance learning-, duration, etc.). The results were very
successful.
Targets: Rural working women (all women but specially those over 45) who have been
in labour market for some years but are not skilled enough in computer
knowledge (from basic level to advanced level). A total amount of 300 women
were trained.
39
Results of the GP: 36 training courses were developed.
405 people trained (110 during 2003 and 295 during 2004).
Most required courses: Internet, Basic Computer Knowledge.
Duration: 36 months
40
Good Practice N. 5
Title/Name: WOMEN AND CRAFTMANSHIP IN THE MOUNTAIN
AREAS: SOCIAL DIAGNOSIS, DYNAMISM AND
DISSEMINATION PROGRAM OF WOMEN’S
ACTIVITIES AROUND CRAFTMANSHIP AND
TRADITIONAL CRAFTS IN THE MOUNTAINS
AREAS OF LLEIDA.
Referring Institution CEDRICAT
Responsable for its Ctra. Sant Llorenç, km 2
implementation: 252780 Solsona (Lleida)
Spain
www.cedricat.org
Contact person and email: Eva Sánchez Dubé [email protected]
Source of fundings:
⌧
⌧
beneficiary
⌧
⌧
Public
Private
Other
Free/optional
Eventual origin of the GP: Because of the low official rates of activity and the scarce economical diversity
in the mountain areas of Lleida, there are scarce occupational opportunities for
women. Women participate in the labour market, either in local enterprises,
family enterprises or as entrepreneurs. These projects are mainly about the
same topics (craftsmanship, tourism, services, and trade). However, there are
some handicaps which involve a devaluation of their skills, due to the fact that
such skills are acquired in the domestic area and context, and therefore their
job is classified as “non-qualified”.
Systems envolved:
⌧
⌧
Education
Vocational Training
Market
Description of the GP: Women and Craftsmanship in the mountain areas: Social diagnosis, dynamism
and dissemination program of women’s activities around craftsmanship and
traditional crafts in the mountains area of Lleida
There are several innovations:
- An innovative target group: craftswomen of mountain areas of Lleida (there
was not a previous work in that territory about this group).
- Planning: with a proactive strategy, built around the collective’s needs, which
are the basis of the work plan.
- A participating methodology: interviews to different groups (craftsmen,
development agent of the territory, associations, consumers…) and
workshops, with the Logical Framework Approach (LFA) methodology.
41
General and specific Objectives GENERAL OBJECTIVE: To get to know the craftsmanship sector in mountain
terms of making
of the GP: areas, identifying its weaknesses and potentialities in
some proposals and plans to improve the situation of this collective.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: Short / mid term:
- Quantify different traditional jobs and crafts found in these mountain areas so
as to revaluate the
popular knowledge of these traditional jobs.
- Quantify and qualify women’s entrepreneurship in the craftsmanship sector,
by means of Weakness /strengthness detection and promoting in her work
situation.
- Make an analysis of the social network, by means of promoting collective
working and improving their networking and relationships.
- Increase participation of the craftsmanship collective, especially women, in
the local economic development of the area. Create different links with other
activities, trying to provide an important binding between identity and territory.
- Create meeting points in order to promote a network between the craftsmen
collective and economic and social agents, who are involved in local
development.
Long term:
- Encourage recovering the architectural heritage to be used for
different purposes: a centre for education and vocational training, community
development, cultural exhibition area, etc.
42
Typology of services foreseen Diagnosis . Design Dissemination Programme (February to December 2004)
and provided by the GP: Step I.1: Analysis of needs (from February 2004 to May 2004). The informal
meetings with some artisan women and craftsmen associations’ need
detection and strategy plan design (planning, objectives and work plan).
Step I.2: Target group definition (February 2004/April 2004). Data base
obtention (craftsmen, specific organizations, different government levels).
Step I.3: Design of work plan and material (from May 2004 to October 2004).
Looking for documentation and research (articles, analysis of similar
territories…). Designing a different interview pattern and organising a meeting.
Step I.4: Implementation and dissemination (from May 2004 to December
2004). Local administration and government collaborated on dissemination of
the meetings and yield meeting rooms (Consells Comarcals and City Halls).
Step I.5: Evaluation (throughout all project). Every step was evaluated,
including reformulation of the initial project.
Step I.6: Follow-up: Design of the Second phase of the project (from
November 2004 to February 2005). There were meetings with local and
regional public organisations, in order to present the results of the first phase
and involve them technical and economically in the next phases.
Second phase: Dissemination Actions (from February 2005 to February 2006):
Step II.1: Reformulation of needs (from February 2005 to April 2005). Some
informal meetings were held with representatives of the craftsmen collective to
prioritize some actions which would produce more impact on the collective.
Step II.2: Design of work plan and material (from April 2005 to December
2006). Searching and contacting specialists (individual or organisations, from
Catalonia or other territories) for the design of the operations and the initial
planning for the seminar to exchange experiences.
Step II.3: Implementation and dissemination (from April 2005 to February
2006). Between 3rd and 4th February 2006, it was the visit-exchange in Navarra
mountains. The seminar was held 17th February 2006 in Solsona .
Step II.4: Evaluation (throughout all project). Actions were assessed by the
women who attended the seminar with a questionnaire.
Step II.5: Follow-up. Nowadays, CEDRICAT continues this work, focused on:
this sector (craftsman), with this specific collective (women) and at the same
the territory (mountain area of Lleida)
Targets: In the first diagnosis phase: 58 “craftswomen” of the mountains area of Lleida,
in different legal or illegal situation (11 legally recognised as craftsmen, 47 not
legally recognised), 4 Associations of craftsmen and women.
In a second phase (exchange meeting and a session of dissemination about
diagnosis conclusions): 44 attending people – 30 women and 14 men-, out of
which 31 were from the beneficiary group and 13 were experts on this theme.
Results of the GP:
Results:- 58 artisan women registered (most of them were not registered in
local economical activities neither in the artisan official register)
Outputs:- Public administration recognised a discriminatory relationship with
artisan women, because of the specific variable of their activity (mountain area
with regard to urban or fringe area), by means of a legal and tax reformulation.
- More relationship between this collective (collective strengthen) and
between the collective and local organisation (public and private).
Duration: 36 months
43
Good Practice N. 6
Title/Name: VOCATIONAL TRAINING FOR OVER 45 WOMEN
WITH SOCIAL EXCLUSION RISK
Referring Institution CENTRE TECNOLÒGIC FORESTAL DE CATALUNYA
Responsable for its Pujada del Seminari s/n
implementation: 25280 Solsona (Spain)
Contact person and e-mail address: Isabel Rodríguez
[email protected]
Source of fundings:
⌧
beneficiary
⌧
Public
Private
Other
Free/optional
Other
Eventual origin of the GP: The training was implemented in the Solsonès region, located in the rural are
of the Catalan pre-Pyrenees; it was implemented from 1999 on. Solsonès is a
region where 12.000 people live, out of which 8.500 in the city of Solsona, the
capital of the region. The density of population is 11 inhabitants per Km2.
The Forest Technology Centre of Catalonia is the promoter of the project. The
aims of the centre are the research, the technology transfer and the training in
the forest and environment fields; this is one of the reasons why the training
workshop was on gardening and restoration of rural areas.
Systems envolved:
⌧
⌧
⌧
Education
Vocational Training
Market
Other
Description of the GP: The training workshops are public programs for training and employment, and
they have the aim of improving the employment opportunities for people out of
work, those over 25 years old who have special difficulties in returning to the
labour market (people unemployed for a long time, women over 45, etc.) and
to help them in their integration into the labour market.
44
of the GP: The training workshops are public employment and training programs that aim
to improve the employment opportunities of unemployed people.
The aim is to train unemployed people; people over 25 who have special
difficulties in re-entering the labour market (people unemployed for a long time,
preferably women over 45 years old, etc.) and to help them in the process of
re-integration.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
2.1. Train women in gardening and restoration of natural areas
2.2. Increase the employability of the participating women developing her
social and labour skills
2.3. Contribute to the reintegration to the labour market
Typology of services foreseen Step 1: Analysis of the training and labour needs in the Solsonès region
and provided by the GP: Step 2: Target group definition. Selection of a target group from general
population (this target group was defined based on the training and labour
needs).
Step 3: Design of the training program. Find attached the courses to be
followed:
Gardening and rural areas restoration
M1. Introduction to gardening
M2. Land preparation in gardening
M3. Plant, bush and tree identification
M4. Plantation and sowing
M5. Irrigation
M6. Fertilize
M7. Trees and shrubs pruning
M8. Silviculture
M9. Forests
Complementary training
Basic Training (Catalan, maths, natural and social sciences,...)
Labour insertion
Preventions of labour risks
Informatics
Ambient sciences
Social and labour abilities
Step 4: Design of work plan and material: special tasks were programmed.
Step 5: Implementation of the course. Duration: 1 year, 960 hours: 240 theory
and 720 h practice
Step 6: Evaluation of the participant women
Step 7: Evaluation of the program by the assistants
Step 8: Support on the process of integration into the labour market and
labour insertion.
Step 9: Follow-up of the development of each woman during 6 month after the
end of the program.
45
Targets: Every training workshop was composed of 8 unemployed women over 45
years old.
From 1999 to 2005, 50 women have participated in the CTFC training
workshops, from 27 to 63 years old.
To participate in this training program, the conditions are:
- To be unemployed woman
- To be over 25 years old
- To live in the Solsonès region (Lleida, Spain)
Other requirements:
- To be over 45 years old
- Low level of training
- To have family responsible
- To be in social risk situation
Results of the GP: From 1999, every year 8 woman have done the training program
Integration into the labour market of the 80 % of the participants (most of them
as workers)
Improve participant’s employability by developing their labour and social skills.
5 training workshops have been made, related to topics like gardening and
restoration of natural areas. 50 women have been trained (from 1999 to 2005),
most of them over 45 years old and in social exclusion risk situation. 80 % of
these women found a job after the training workshop.
Duration: Since 1999.
46
Good Practice N. 7
Title/Name: HEALTH, SECURITY AND WELFARE IN
AGRICULTURE
Referring Institution UNIÓ DE PAGESOS DE CATALUNYA - FUNDACIÓ LLUÍS NOMEN Y
Responsable for its DONES UNIÓ PAGESOS
implementation: Av. Francesc Cambó, 14, 3B 08003 – BARCELONA
SPAIN
TEL: 0034 93 26 80 900
Contact person and mail:
Santiago Caballero / [email protected]
Web: www.fundaciolluisnomen.org
Roser Armengol / [email protected]
Web: www.pageses.cat
UNIÓ DE PAGESOS DE CATALUNYA-ÀREA DE FORMACIÓN
Av. Tortosa, 2 25005 - LLEIDA
SPAIN
TEL: 0034 973 28 82 00
Contact person and mail: Paquita Escoi / [email protected]
Web: www.uniopagesos.org
Source of fundings:
⌧
⌧
beneficiary
⌧
⌧
⌧
Eventual origin of the GP:
-
Systems envolved:
⌧
⌧
Public
Private
Other
Free/optional
Other
Applying gender mainstreaming perspective in relation to the
Prevention of Industrial Risks in the agriculture sector considering that
agrarian professional men and women have differences in terms of
risks and health caused by their working activity.
Creating groups of women with continuity to analyze the above
mentioned health problems and supply with possible solutions.
Education
Vocational Training
Market
Other (Professional and family life (re) conciliation)
47
Description of the GP: Catalonia Rural Area.
Studies concerning risks and occupational health in the agricultural sector are
rather incomplete and those which are referred to women hardly exist.
Statistics are quite unreal and are limited to register a minimum amount of
accidents and diseases which take place in the sector.
A significant collective in the sector are: the female farmers and the so called
“invisible collaborators”, this is, mothers, wives and daughters who work in the
family agrarian cultivation.
General and specific Objectives
of the GP:
-
-
Recognizing female agrarians’ and invisible collaborators’ health
problems in the farming and agrarian cultivations, problems which
have their origin in the working activity
Visualizing women working in the family farming and cultivation
Applying gender mainstreaming perspective in all studies, statistics
and learning concerning Prevention of Industrial Risks in the agrarian
sector
Typology of services foreseen Step 1 Finding and choosing a meeting place: it is chosen with the coordinated
and provided by the GP: work of tutors and trade union representatives in the regions proposed.
Step 2 Diffusion: a mailing is done, as well as telephone contacts for
assistance confirmation (also for being informed on the reasons for those not
assisting).
Step 3 Celebrating the meeting: during the meeting, groups of women with
activities on the agrarian sector are created. Their health state is checked and
the labour factors for having such health state studied. Solutions are proposed
for improving their health state and for preventing labour accidents.
Step 4 Results analysis: every year a workshop is done on the dates obtained
in the meetings together with The National Institute of Safety and Hygiene at
Work (INSHT).
Step 5 Dissemination of outcomes: all documents from the meeting are sent to
the assistants. Results are also disseminated through articles, the website and
other dissemination channels. In 2006 a dossier was edited with the results of
the first two years.
Step 6 Announcement of a second meeting: for working with groups of farmer
women, the announcement of a second meeting is done. The outcomes of the
proposed solutions are assessed during the meeting. For organizing such
meeting different institutions are contacted and all of them can make new
proposals.
Targets: Female workers, businesswomen and collaborators of any age in the family farming or
cultivation. Over 200 phone contacts, 40 workers or collaborators from agricultural
sector (from September 2004 to March 2006).
Results of the GP: From September 2004 until March 2006: more than 200 phone contacts – 6
work groups – 40 workers or collaborators from the agriculture sector.
4 days of project dissemination in different towns and villages in Catalonia:
September 2004, June 2005, December 2005 and March 2006
Project dissemination in 20 continuous training courses (350 men and 35
women approximately).
Duration: 18 months.
48
Good Practice N. 8
Title/Name: EMPLOYMENT WORKSHOP IN LA VANSA I
TUIXENT VALLEY; A PROGRAM FOR TRAINING
AND EMPLOYING UNEMPLOYED WOMEN
Referring Institution Responsable for CEDRICAT (CENTRE DE DESENVOLUPAMENT RURAL INTEGRAT DE
its implementation: CATALUNYA)
Ctra. Sant Llorenç, km.2
25280 Solsona (Lleida)
Spain
www.cedricat.org
Contact person and mail: Núria Alamon; [email protected]
Source of fundings:
⌧
beneficiary
⌧
Eventual origin of the GP:
-
⌧
Description of the GP:
-
-
Free/optional
Rural area: This program was implemented in the north of Spain, in a
little mountain valley of the Catalan Pyrenees called La Vansa i
Tuixent. This area has had a great transformation in its economy in the
last 15 years. Traditional activities like agriculture and milk livestock
were in crisis and the inhabitants of the valley needed to find other
economic sources, basically in the secondary and tertiary sector.
⌧
⌧
⌧
Systems envolved:
Public
Private
Education
Vocational Training
Market
Other (Professional and family life (re) conciliation)
Low official rates of unemployment: Officially there is not a high rate of
unemployment in the valley because the inhabitants do not go to the
Official Register, in the largest town in the region (La Seu d’Urgell).
The reason is the distance from the valley (a 1 hour drive); as a
consequence, usually the inhabitants prefer working in several places
in temporary and precarious activities, especially women.
The need of an adapted training
There is not any kind of training in the valley, so the possibilities of
improving the labour situation of its inhabitants are reduced. The
geographic isolation and the rigorous climatic conditions of this
territory, make it difficult to drive to other towns for training.
49
General and specific Objectives of the GENERAL OBJECTIVE
GP:
Reduce labour inequalities between men and the women who live in the
valley, by training and creating employment in emergent economic
sectors, such as sustainable tourism or quality agriculture production in
new crops like medicinal and aromatic plants (MAP).
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
To offer personalised training adapted to the needs of the women of the
valley. The objective is to make the training come to the beneficiaries and
not the opposite. Indirectly, generate local development throughout local
resources like: medicinal and aromatic plants (MAP); the recovery of the
historical memory of a traditional job exclusive of the valley called
“Trementinaires” (this job was generally for women, who picked up plants
and prepared traditional medicines which were sold in all Catalonia); the
recovery of the natural and cultural heritage, like old historic paths or the
surroundings of Romanesque churches.
Typology of services foreseen and Step 1: Analysis of needs. Elaboration of a socioeconomic diagnosis of the
provided by the GP: valley by the Development and Promotion Unity of the Forest Technology
Centre of Catalonia, in collaboration with the local agent of the valley
Step 2: Target group definition. The diagnosis identified the group of
unemployed over 25 year old women as prior to actuation, because they were
the ones who had the most precarious socioeconomic situation.
Step 3: A previous work with involved institutions. There were different
institutions that participated in the program, each one with different
responsibilities. The Forest Technology of Catalonia was the responsible of the
technical design, the local administration of the region – Consell Comarcal de
l’Alt Urgell- was the institution that made the request to the Government of
Catalonia for the financing of the program.
Step 4: Design the work plan. Theoretical training. Specific knowledge:
production and processing aromatic and medicinal plants (MAP), tourist guide
for activities with MAP and restoration of degraded natural areas. General
Knowledge: basics as language, mathematics, history or science; information
processing, environmental education, support for the reintegration to the
labour market, social and labour skills and labour risks’ prevention.
Practical training: 1. Production MAP in an experimental field. 2. Design and
construction of a botanic garden with MAP used by the “Trementinaires”. 3.
Design and conditioning of two botanic routes about MAP in a historical paths.
4. Conditioning of the surroundings of Romanesque church of Saint Marc .
Step 5: Implementation. The application for the employment workshop was
approved and it was implemented in the La Vansa-Fórnols Valley from
October 2004 till October 2005.
Step 6: Evaluation and Monitoring for business creation. All the planning works
were made successfully. In fact, the students-workers developed two activities
not initially planned: a botanic discovery route around the town of Ossera and
an inventory about local fruit trees to save autochthonous species of the valley.
Step 7: Follow-up. has been made by the Consell Comarcal de l’Alt Urgell, a
local agent who works for the development of the valley. On one side, this
institution is promoting different works made on the workshop, like the botanic
garden and routes about MAP as tourist resources of the valley. On the other
side, the objective of the promotion of this under structure is to achieve a
consolidation of local jobs for the women who have participated in the program
(as tourist guides, as artisans with MAP, as a responsible of the
“Trementinaires” museum, etc.).
50
Targets: The programme was for 8 unemployed women over 25 who lived in the valley
or wanted to move there. These women wanted to improve their labour
situation learning different skills with opportunities in this context: production
and processing medicinal and aromatic plants (MAP), tourist guide for
activities with MAP and restoration of degraded areas with natural and tourist
interest in the valley.
Results of the GP:
-
-
1 program of training and occupation for 12 months, with 8 women as
students-workers, 1 director of the program and 1 teacher (both
women).
A regular labour situation for these women during one year. This fact
implicated an economic independence of these women regarding her
husbands or couples, which implied empowerment.
A regular income of money in a valley with low economic dynamism.
An increase in the relationship between the women in a rural territory
without many opportunities for them (networking).
Duration: 12 months.
51
4.2
SWOT ANALYSIS OF GOOD PRACTICES IDENTIFIED
Good Practice N. 1
Title/Name: TRAINING COURSES AS CO-DEVELOPMENT AGENTS
S (strengths points)
W (weakness points)
The co-development project is meant to be cyclic,
which means training temporary workers (men and
women) every time they come to our country. The
continuity is based on:
- Increasing the number of training courses
on co-development agents so as to train
new temporary people and to promote
further training on those agents already
developing project in own countries.
- Increasing the follow up of the projects in
the origin countries, creating Pagesos
Solidaris’ branch offices in such countries.
Extending the project to other Spanish rural
regions, where immigrants from origin are
also contracted.
O (opportunities)
Taking into consideration temporary workers’
availability to carry out the training and the periods
in which they will be working in the harvest time
since they vary depending on the month of the
year and the cultivation.
Temporary workers come to work and during the harvest
time do not have much time left to take part in the
training course.
Search of co-financing to carry out the projects in the
agents’ place of origin.
Other difficulties come up during the first phases of the
project which require a direct and permanent monitoring
by the Foundation.
T (threats)
It is necessary a direct and personalized advising of the
projects in the agents’ countries of origin, above all in the
first phases.
Good Practice N. 2
Title/Name: CREATION OF THE INTERDISCIPLINAR SEMINAR FOR WOMAN’S
STUDIES - UNIVERSITY OF LLEIDA , SPAIN W (weakness points)
- Good relationship between members and
colleagues.
- Student’s interest for assisting to the workshops,
seminars, conferences and masters organized.
O (opportunities)
- Support from the Catalan Institute for Women,
Women’s Institute and other similar women’s
groups in other Spanish universities.
- We recommend collaborating with any university
ambit concerned with gender and equality issues
between men and women.
The main difficulty is the fact that the SIED does not
have personnel for administrative activity. Volunteers
have been the ones to fulfil such tasks. Often some
foreseen activities have been cancelled or postponed
due to lack of resources; in other cases, involved
partners have developed such activities with non-profit
contributions.
T (threats)
The main difficulty is financing finding, which means
subsidy requirements (always scarce) to all institutions
working in gender issues. In general, it has not been very
much institutional interest and support arrived from the
Woman’s Institute and the City Hall of Lleida. Nowadays
the University of Lleida has become the main defender of
the SIED.
52
Good Practice N. 3
Title/Name: C-TEST: ONLINE TRAINING PROJECT BY THE WOMAN’S INSTITUTE
W (weakness points)
- E-learning: women can make the training any Women must have some knowledge on the use of ICT
time, adapting their learning to their agenda and and need a PC.
necessities.
O (opportunities)
T (threats)
Making specific course for women will favour the
learning in every social and geographical context.
Women who live in places with Internet connexion
difficulties or poor informatics resources need an
adapted place: any cybercafé or similar in the
village/area.
Some training on on-line training is necessary too,
besides the content of the course itself.
Good Practice N. 4
Title/Name: BLENDED COMPUTER TRAINING (TRADITIONAL TEACHING, E-LEARNING)
FOR WORKING WOMEN IN RURAL AREAS.
W (weakness points)
The e-learning material (CDs on basic computer
training, Word, Excel, Access, PowerPoint,
Internet, Outlook) is still available. The
sustainability of the material was considered from
the very beginning, being one of the reasons why
such material was chosen (no up-dating need,
suitable for all levels, no Internet connection need).
O (opportunities)
Involving public administration throughout
all project (for design, implementation and
dissemination)
Dissemination strategy was essential for making
the courses popular. Contacting city halls was
clue in such task
Partnership with the University was essential for
having access to pedagogically interesting
material
The e-learning training was not easy to implement for
basic computer skills training, where the assistants did
not have any knowledge on computers. Making use of
the computer by oneself was not easy for those with no
background knowledge. Gaining confidence was
essential for making women feel capable of working on
their own.
Self esteem and confidence gaining: some of the training
hours should be address to such work, as many of the
women would come very afraid and insecure
T (threats)
The main difficulty was finding a room where to develop
the traditional training with a trainer, as some of the SME
and city halls did not have a training area (a computer
room available) for developing the traditional training.
Computers were also essential for the e-learning, as the
assistants needed a place where to have computer
access (many rural women do not have a computer at
home).
53
Good Practice N. 5
Title/Name: WOMEN AND CRAFTMANSHIP IN THE MOUNTAIN AREAS: SOCIAL
DIAGNOSIS, DYNAMISM AND DISSEMINATION PROGRAM OF WOMEN’S ACTIVITIES
AROUND CRAFTMANSHIP AND TRADITIONAL CRAFTS
IN THE MOUNTAINS AREAS OF LLEIDA.
W (weakness points)
-Systemise data base from different registers.
-Decentralise meetings, from region chief towns
to different villages: providing a roving
programme, taking into account mobility and
conciliation handicaps, etc.
-To create a positive feed-back and a proactive
strategy: detection of the needs of a target
group
design of a work plan
implementation and solving of problems
new
needs/prospect generated design of a new
work plan etc.
-Multiplying effect: Other organisations (not
initially included in the contact phase) were
involved,
generating other essays, projects
and actions which link craftsmanship to other
economic activities in the
territory
O (opportunities)
- Identify and contact with artisan women (mainly
because they are not registered like that).
- Mobility: in organising these events (the visit-exchange
in Navarra and experience exchange workshop), there
were two questions that could be a handicap and should
be taken into account: a lack of transport service in the
mountain area and the conciliation of personal and
professional life.
T (threats)
To strengthen a contact networking between:
individual, private and public organisations of
the targets of the study (craftsmanship, in that
case).
Involve local public organisations in dissemination
in order to receive technical and financial support
to ensure the project continuity. Disposal of free
rooms.
54
Good Practice N. 6
Title/Name: VOCATIONAL TRAINING FOR OVER 45 WOMEN WITH
SOCIAL EXCLUSION RISK
W (weakness points)
-The working methodology is very important.
To adapt the training and work program to the
level of the participating women.
- It is very important to have qualified teachers, as the
subjects to be taught are technical and specific
(gardening and rural area restoration). This means
training the teachers before the courses and preparing
- To have pedagogical resources (classrooms,
them before the courses are held.
PC, books, etc.), good material (tools and
- The budget is limited, in the sense that it is not easy to
machines, practice fields) and human resources
find financing. Different public organizations are to be
(teachers, managers,...) to make a successful
contacted for affording expenses.
project.
-To develop women’s social and labour skills
-To work on the orientation/guidance & labour
insertion techniques
- The administration calls are annual. There has
been continuity from the beginning of the
programme in 1999 till 2006, so it is foreseen a
follow-up of the activity.
O (opportunities)
-To work together the promoter of the program
and the social agents of the region.
-To work on the orientation/guidance & labour
insertion techniques for pursuing a high % of
labour insertion at the end of the project.
T (threats)
- To have the necessary resources to make the
Project.
- Involve Ministry of labour or similar (regional/local
authorities with competencies in labour market) for
technical and/or financial support
55
Good Practice N. 7
Title/Name: HEALTH, SECURITY AND WELFARE IN AGRICULTURE
W (weakness points)
- Applying gender mainstreaming perspective - Main difficulty is to create the group and the
in relation to the Prevention of Industrial Risks assistance to the meeting of the women due to
in the agriculture sector considering that transport, schedules and availability problems (double
agrarian professional men and women have Labour Day).
differences in terms of risks and health caused
by their working activity.
- Creating groups of women with continuity to
analyze the above mentioned health problems
and supply with possible solutions.
O (opportunities)
T (threats)
- Creating working groups with immigrant
women which work temporarily in the harvest
time in Catalonia.
- Creating all educational materials for
dissemination and for the occupational courses
about Industrial Risks prevention in the
agriculture sector with gender mainstreaming
perspective, visualizing all female workers and
including specific Occupational Health risks and
problems concerning women.
- Adaptation and taking into consideration women’s
difficulties to attend the meeting, the election of the
place of the meeting and the place where it takes
place.
- Working in well delimited zones since it is preferable
to create more groups with fewer women given that
better outcomes are obtained.
56
Good Practice N. 8
Title/Name: EMPLOYMENT WORKSHOP IN LA VANSA I TUIXENT VALLEY;
A PROGRAM FOR TRAINING AND EMPLOYING UNEMPLOYED WOMEN
W (weakness points)
Beneficiaries received training and occupation at
the same time. The women who took part in the
program were students and workers (some earned
a salary for the work that they were making).
The program included theory (a training program
about medicinal and aromatic plants –MAP- and
about the restoration of degraded natural areas)
and practice, carrying out different activities and
works for the local community like social service.
O (opportunities)
After the employment workshop, the labour
conditions of several of the women who
participated improved:
- Two jobs are consolidated: one for the
woman who works in the “Trementinaires”
museum and in the botanic garden; and
the other for an artisan who works with
medicinal and aromatic plants (floral
ornamental work).
- A new job was created for a woman in a
new tourist business.
- Two women have the intention of working
in organic agriculture, but they are still in
the process of creating their own business.
-
The main difficulty for these women is to take the
decision to create a business of their own and get
self-employed. So, in these cases, the implication and
the support of the local administration in all the
process (and also after it) are essential.
T (threats)
- Involving public administration and also local
population throughout the entire project (for design,
implementation and continuity)
- Importance of the local resource and the identity of
the territory
- Final module orientated to labour integration
In addition, and as a consequence of the
knowledge
from
the
employment
workshop, it has been organized a new
labour group of women who makes works
of gardening, basically with MAP, in the
towns of the valley.
57
5. BIBLIOGRAPHY
www.ine.es
www.mapa.es
Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación. Secretaría General Técnica ,
Hechos y Cifras de la Agricultura, la Pesca y la Alimentación e España,
Madrid 2006.
Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación. Secretaría General Técnica , La
Agricultura, la Pesca y la Alimentación en España 2005 Madrid 2006.
www.idescat.net
Institut Estadístic de Catalunya, Annuari estadístic de Catalunya Barcelona,
2006.
58

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